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Jeong GJ, Khan F, Tabassum N, Kim YM. Motility of Acinetobacter baumannii: regulatory systems and controlling strategies. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:3. [PMID: 38159120 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12975-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative opportunistic zoonotic pathogenic bacterium that causes nosocomial infections ranging from minor to life-threatening. The clinical importance of this zoonotic pathogen is rapidly increasing due to the development of multiple resistance mechanisms and the synthesis of numerous virulence factors. Although no flagellum-mediated motility exists, it may move through twitching or surface-associated motility. Twitching motility is a coordinated multicellular movement caused by the extension, attachment, and retraction of type IV pili, which are involved in surface adherence and biofilm formation. Surface-associated motility is a kind of movement that does not need appendages and is most likely driven by the release of extra polymeric molecules. This kind of motility is linked to the production of 1,3-diaminopropane, lipooligosaccharide formation, natural competence, and efflux pump proteins. Since A. baumannii's virulence qualities are directly tied to motility, it is possible that its motility may be used as a specialized preventative or therapeutic measure. The current review detailed the signaling mechanism and involvement of various proteins in controlling A. baumannii motility. As a result, we have thoroughly addressed the role of natural and synthetic compounds that impede A. baumannii motility, as well as the underlying action mechanisms. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms behind A. baumannii's motility features will aid in the development of therapeutic drugs to control its infection. KEY POINTS: • Acinetobacter baumannii exhibits multiple resistance mechanisms. • A. baumannii can move owing to twitching and surface-associated motility. • Natural and synthetic compounds can attenuate A. baumannii motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geum-Jae Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Fazlurrahman Khan
- Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nazia Tabassum
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Ozma MA, Ghotaslou R, Asgharzadeh M, Abbasi A, Rezaee MA, Kafil HS. Cytotoxicity assessment and antimicrobial effects of cell-free supernatants from probiotic lactic acid bacteria and yeast against multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli. Lett Appl Microbiol 2024; 77:ovae084. [PMID: 39237462 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovae084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
The antibacterial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxicity activity of cell-free supernatants (CFSs) from probiotics, including Lactobacillus plantarum, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae against multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli evaluated in current research. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the CFSs were determined by analyzing inhibition zone formation using agar disk diffusion for antibacterial activity, microtiter plate for biofilm analysis, and auto-aggregation were done. CFSs substances were analyzed by GC-MS. The MTT assay on HEK293 cells investigated CFS's influence on cell viability. CFSs were examined for biofilm-related virulence genes, including aggR and fimH using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). All CFSs had bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects. The B. bifidum exhibited the highest antibiofilm activity compared to the others. Bifidobacterium bifidum, L. plantarum, and S. cerevisiae produce 19, 16, and 11 mm inhibition zones against E. coli, respectively. GC-MS indicated that Hydroxyacetone, 3-Hydroxybutyric acid, and Oxime-methoxy-phenyl-dominated CFSs from L. plantarum, B. bifidum, and S. cerevisiae CFSs, respectively. The MTT test demonstrated a cell viability rate of over 90%. Statistically, adding all CFSs lowered the relative expression of both aggR and fimH virulence genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Asghari Ozma
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Reza Ghotaslou
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asgharzadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Amin Abbasi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
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Liu X, Qiu X, Yang Y, Wang J, Wang Q, Liu J, Yang F, Liu Z, Qi R. Alteration of gut microbiome and metabolome by Clostridium butyricum can repair the intestinal dysbiosis caused by antibiotics in mice. iScience 2023; 26:106190. [PMID: 36895644 PMCID: PMC9988658 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the repair effects of Clostridium butyricum (CBX 2021) on the antibiotic (ABX)-induced intestinal dysbiosis in mice by the multi-omics method. Results showed that ABX eliminated more than 90% of cecal bacteria and also exerted adverse effects on the intestinal structure and overall health in mice after 10 days of the treatment. Of interest, supplementing CBX 2021 in the mice for the next 10 days colonized more butyrate-producing bacteria and accelerated butyrate production compared with the mice by natural recovery. The reconstruction of intestinal microbiota efficiently promoted the improvement of the damaged gut morphology and physical barrier in the mice. In addition, CBX 2021 significantly reduced the content of disease-related metabolites and meanwhile promoted carbohydrate digestion and absorption in mice followed the microbiome alternation. In conclusion, CBX 2021 can repair the intestinal ecology of mice damaged by the antibiotics through reconstructing gut microbiota and optimizing metabolic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Xiaoyu Qiu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China.,National Pig Technology Innovation Center, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yong Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China.,National Pig Technology Innovation Center, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China.,National Pig Technology Innovation Center, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Feiyun Yang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China.,National Pig Technology Innovation Center, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Zuohua Liu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China.,National Pig Technology Innovation Center, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Renli Qi
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China.,National Pig Technology Innovation Center, Chongqing 402460, China
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Pompilio A, Scocchi M, Mangoni ML, Shirooie S, Serio A, Ferreira Garcia da Costa Y, Alves MS, Şeker Karatoprak G, Süntar I, Khan H, Di Bonaventura G. Bioactive compounds: a goldmine for defining new strategies against pathogenic bacterial biofilms? Crit Rev Microbiol 2023; 49:117-149. [PMID: 35313120 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2038082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Most human infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms growing as biofilms. These three-dimensional self-organized communities are embedded in a dense matrix allowing microorganisms to persistently inhabit abiotic and biotic surfaces due to increased resistance to both antibiotics and effectors of the immune system. Consequently, there is an urgent need for novel strategies to control biofilm-associated infections. Natural products offer a vast array of chemical structures and possess a wide variety of biological properties; therefore, they have been and continue to be exploited in the search for potential biofilm inhibitors with a specific or multi-locus mechanism of action. This review provides an updated discussion of the major bioactive compounds isolated from several natural sources - such as plants, lichens, algae, microorganisms, animals, and humans - with the potential to inhibit biofilm formation and/or to disperse established biofilms by bacterial pathogens. Despite the very large number of bioactive products, their exact mechanism of action often remains to be clarified and, in some cases, the identity of the active molecule is still unknown. This knowledge gap should be filled thus allowing development of these products not only as novel drugs to combat bacterial biofilms, but also as antibiotic adjuvants to restore the therapeutic efficacy of current antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Pompilio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Scocchi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Mangoni
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Samira Shirooie
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Annalisa Serio
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Ygor Ferreira Garcia da Costa
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Bioactivity, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Silvana Alves
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Bioactivity, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gökçe Şeker Karatoprak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Talas, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ipek Süntar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Giovanni Di Bonaventura
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Pyrogallol downregulates the expression of virulence-associated proteins in Acinetobacter baumannii and showing anti-infection activity by improving non-specific immune response in zebrafish model. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:853-869. [PMID: 36526063 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii, a virulent uropathogen with widespread antibiotic resistance, has arisen as a critical scientific challenge, necessitating the development of innovative therapeutic agents. This is the first study reveal the proteomic changes in A. baumannii upon pyrogallol treatment for understanding the mechanisms using nano-LC-MS/MS-based quantitative proteomics and qPCR analysis. The obtained results found that pyrogallol treatment dramatically downregulated the expression level of several key proteins such as GroEL, DnaK, ClpB, SodB, KatE, Bap, CsuA/B, PgaA, PgaC, BfmR, OmpA, and SecA in A. baumannii, which are involved in chaperone-mediated oxidative stress responses, antioxidant defence system, biofilm formation, virulence enzyme production, bacterial adhesion, capsule formation, and antibiotic resistance. Accordingly, the pyrogallol dramatically enhanced the lifespan of A. baumannii-infected zebrafish by inhibiting bacterial colonization, demonstrating the anti-infective potential of pyrogallol against A. baumannii. Further, the histopathological results also demonstrated the disease protection efficacy of pyrogallol against the pathognomonic sign of A. baumannii infection. In addition, the pyrogallol treatment effectively improved the immune parameters such as serum myeloperoxidase activity, leukocyte respiratory burst activity, and serum lysozyme activity in zebrafish against A. baumannii infection. Based on the results, the present study strongly proposes pyrogallol as a promising therapeutic agent for treating A. baumannii infection.
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Liu H, Xu X, Liang J, Wang J, Li Y. The relationship between Clostridium butyricum and colorectal cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:1855-1859. [PMID: 36647942 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1565_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis is involved in intestinal diseases. The resident microorganisms in the digestive tract contribute to maintenance of gut homeostasis. Some bacterial species have been identified and are suspected to play a role in colorectal cancer (CRC). Many studies have found that Clostridium butyricum has a close relationship with CRC, and the mechanism is becoming increasingly clear. This review discusses the possible relationship between C. butyricum and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
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7
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Kim HR, Han MS, Eom YB. Anti-bacterial and Anti-biofilm Effects of Equol on Yersinia enterocolitica. Indian J Microbiol 2022; 62:401-410. [PMID: 35974918 PMCID: PMC9375796 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-022-01020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica has clinical significance due to its etiological role in yersiniosis and gastroenteritis. This study was designed to assess anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm effects of equol on Y. enterocolitica via phenotypic and genetic analyses. To determine its anti-bacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of equol against clinically isolated Y. enterocolitica strains were analyzed. Subsequently, it was confirmed that the sub-MIC90 value of equol could inhibit biofilm formation and reduce preformed biofilm. Furthermore, it was found that equol could reduce the expression of biofilm-related (hmsT) gene in Y. enterocolitica. This study also demonstrated that equol not only reduced levels of bacterial motility, but also decreased the expression of a motility-related (flhDC) gene in Y. enterocolitica. XTT [2,3-bis (2-metoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide] reduction analysis revealed that equol attenuated cellular metabolic activities in Y. enterocolitica biofilm. Additionally, changes in biomass and cell density in equol-treated biofilms were visualized using a confocal laser scanning microscope. In conclusion, this study suggests that equol is a potential anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm agent to treat Y. enterocolitica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Rim Kim
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31538 Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Suk Han
- Present Address: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31538 Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Bin Eom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31538 Republic of Korea
- Present Address: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31538 Republic of Korea
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Kim HR, Eom YB. Auranofin promotes antibacterial effect of doripenem against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:1422-1433. [PMID: 35633297 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was performed to identify the potential for repurposing auranofin as an antibiotic adjuvant against carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii. METHODS AND RESULTS The clinically isolated A. baumannii strains used in this study were all resistant to carbapenems and harbored the blaOXA-23 gene. The synergistic effect of auranofin and doripenem against carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii was confirmed through checkerboard and growth kinetic analyses. This study also demonstrated the inhibitory effects of auranofin against A. baumannii biofilms. The anti-biofilm effects of auranofin were visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Furthermore, auranofin inhibited motility, one of the virulence factors. Additionally, the changes in the expression of carbapenemase-, biofilm- and efflux pump-related genes induced by auranofin were confirmed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that auranofin has an antibacterial effect with doripenem and an inhibitory effect on several factors related to carbapenem resistance. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study suggests that auranofin is a promising antibiotic adjuvant that can be used to prevent antibiotic resistance in carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-R Kim
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-B Eom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
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Combinatorial Therapeutic Strategy of Biogenics Derived from Lactobacillus fermentum PUM and Zingerone Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1-Induced Surgical Site Infection: an Experimental Study. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2022; 14:712-726. [PMID: 35482245 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09944-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a WHO-prioritized multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, is one of the frequently implicated pathogen in surgical site infection (SSI) due to its virulence phenotypes and biofilm-forming ability. In the present study, cell-free supernatant (CFS) and biogenics (organic acids and precipitated protein fraction) of indigenous potential probiotic, Lactobacillus fermentum PUM both alone and in combination with zingerone were found to inhibit pyocyanin, pyochelin, protease, elastase, the virulence factors, and motility of P. aeruginosa PAO1. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy indicated that biofilm formation was attenuated maximally by CFS of L. fermentum combined with zingerone. In vivo study revealed reduced P. aeruginosa burden, suppuration at surgical site vis-a-vis reduced levels of oxidants, pro-inflammatory cytokines, ameliorated anti-oxidants, and healed infected surgical site compared with counter controls. In totality, combination of L. fermentum PUM-derived biogenics and zingerone could be employed to treat P. aeruginosa-induced SSI that needs to be correlated clinically.
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Law SKK, Tan HS. The Role of Quorum Sensing, Biofilm Formation, and Iron Acquisition as Key Virulence Mechanisms in Acinetobacter baumannii and the Corresponding Anti-virulence Strategies. Microbiol Res 2022; 260:127032. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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AL-Dulaimi M, Algburi A, Abdelhameed A, Mazanko MS, Rudoy DV, Ermakov AM, Chikindas ML. Antimicrobial and Anti-Biofilm Activity of Polymyxin E Alone and in Combination with Probiotic Strains of Bacillus subtilis KATMIRA1933 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B-1895 against Clinical Isolates of Selected Acinetobacter spp.: A Preliminary Study. Pathogens 2021; 10:1574. [PMID: 34959528 PMCID: PMC8707300 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10121574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter spp., the nosocomial pathogen, forms strong biofilms and is resistant to numerous antibiotics, causing persistent infections. This study investigates the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of polymyxin E alone and in combination with the cell-free supernatants (CFS) of the tested probiotic bacilli, Bacillus subtilis KATMIRA1933 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B-1895 against the selected Acinetobacter spp. starins. Three isolates of Acinetobacter spp., designated as Acinetobacter spp. isolate 1; Acinetobacter spp. isolate 2, and Acinetobacter spp. isolate 3, were collected from patients with burns, wounds, and blood infections, respectively. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were conducted using the VITEK2 system. Auto-aggregation and coaggregation of the tested bacilli strains with the selected Acinetobacter spp. isolates were evaluated. A disk diffusion assay was used to identify the microorganism's susceptibility to the selected antibiotics, alone and in combination with the CFS of the bacilli. The MIC and MBIC (minimum inhibitory and minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations) of polymyxin E combined with bacilli CFS were determined. Acinetobacter spp. isolates were (i) sensitive to polymyxin E, (ii) able to form a strong biofilm, and (iii) resistant to the tested antibiotics and the CFS of tested bacilli. Significant inhibition of biofilm formation was noticed when CFS of the tested bacilli were combined with polymyxin E. The bacilli CFS showed synergy with polymyxin E against planktonic cells and biofilms of the isolated pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munaf AL-Dulaimi
- Educational Laboratories, Baqubah General Hospital, Baqubah 32001, Iraq;
| | - Ammar Algburi
- Scholarship and Cultural Relations Department, University of Diyala, Baqubah 32001, Iraq;
- Biotechnology Department, College of Science, University of Diyala, Baqubah 32001, Iraq
| | - Alyaa Abdelhameed
- Scholarship and Cultural Relations Department, University of Diyala, Baqubah 32001, Iraq;
| | - Maria S. Mazanko
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, 344002 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (M.S.M.); (D.V.R.); (A.M.E.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Dmitry V. Rudoy
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, 344002 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (M.S.M.); (D.V.R.); (A.M.E.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Alexey M. Ermakov
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, 344002 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (M.S.M.); (D.V.R.); (A.M.E.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Michael L. Chikindas
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, 344002 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (M.S.M.); (D.V.R.); (A.M.E.); (M.L.C.)
- Health Promoting Naturals Laboratory, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers State University, New Brunswick, NJ 08904, USA
- Department of General Hygiene, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119146 Moscow, Russia
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Pompilio A, Scribano D, Sarshar M, Di Bonaventura G, Palamara AT, Ambrosi C. Gram-Negative Bacteria Holding Together in a Biofilm: The Acinetobacter baumannii Way. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1353. [PMID: 34206680 PMCID: PMC8304980 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are a serious public-health problem worldwide. In recent years, the rates of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria associated with biofilm-forming activity have increased worrisomely, particularly among healthcare-associated pathogens. Acinetobacter baumannii is a critically opportunistic pathogen, due to the high rates of antibiotic resistant strains causing healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs). The clinical isolates of A. baumannii can form biofilms on both biotic and abiotic surfaces; hospital settings and medical devices are the ideal environments for A. baumannii biofilms, thereby representing the main source of patient infections. However, the paucity of therapeutic options poses major concerns for human health infections caused by A. baumannii strains. The increasing number of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii biofilm-forming isolates in association with the limited number of biofilm-eradicating treatments intensify the need for effective antibiofilm approaches. This review discusses the mechanisms used by this opportunistic pathogen to form biofilms, describes their clinical impact, and summarizes the current and emerging treatment options available, both to prevent their formation and to disrupt preformed A. baumannii biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Pompilio
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Service of Clinical Microbiology, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Daniela Scribano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Dani Di Giò Foundation-Onlus, 00193 Rome, Italy
| | - Meysam Sarshar
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Di Bonaventura
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Service of Clinical Microbiology, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Anna Teresa Palamara
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy;
- Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Ambrosi
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, IRCCS, 00166 Rome, Italy
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13
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Bamunuarachchi NI, Khan F, Kim YM. Inhibition of Virulence Factors and Biofilm Formation of Acinetobacter Baumannii by Naturally-derived and Synthetic Drugs. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:734-759. [PMID: 33100201 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666201023122355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, and pleomorphic bacillus. A. baumannii is also a highly-infectious pathogen causing high mortality and morbidity rates in intensive care units. The discovery of novel agents against A. baumannii infections is urgently needed due to the emergence of drug-resistant A. baumannii strains and the limited number of efficacious antibiotics available for treatment. In addition to the production of several virulence factors, A. baumannii forms biofilms on the host cell surface as well. Formation of biofilms occurs through initial surface attachment, microcolony formation, biofilm maturation, and detachment stages, and is one of the major drug resistance mechanisms employed by A. baumannii. Several studies have previously reported the efficacy of naturally-derived and synthetic compounds as anti- biofilm and anti-virulence agents against A. baumannii. Here, inhibition of biofilm formation and virulence factors of A. baumannii using naturally-derived and synthetic compounds are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fazlurrahman Khan
- Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
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14
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Xie Y, Zhou L, Li H, Li Y. Clostridium butyricum Supernatant Regulates the Expression of RORγt in HCT-116 Cells by Inhibiting the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:1543-1550. [PMID: 33675405 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02392-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we treated HCT-116 cells with Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) supernatant and observed its effects on the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and RORγt, to further explore the possible immune regulatory mechanism of C. butyricum. Our results showed that C. butyricum supernatant downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of TLR2, MyD88, NF-κBp65, and RORγt in HCT-116 cells and the protein levels of phospho-NF-κBp65. Partial blockage of TLR2 by CD282 weakened the inhibitory effects of C. butyricum supernatant on the above pathway components. Those component levels were still inhibited by C. butyricum supernatant after Pam3CSK4 activation of TLR2. In summary, C. butyricum supernatant can inhibit the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and the expression of RORγt in HCT-116 cells. These effects are at least partly achieved through inhibition of TLR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Linyan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China.
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15
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Synergistic Activity of Equol and Meropenem against Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10020161. [PMID: 33562526 PMCID: PMC7914716 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) seriously limits treatment options for bacterial infections. Combined drugs are an effective strategy to treat these resistant strains. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effect of equol and meropenem against carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli. First, this study investigated the antibacterial activity of carbapenems on clinically isolated E. coli strains by analyzing the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). The E. coli strains were all resistant to carbapenem antibiotics. Therefore, we confirmed the cause of carbapenem resistance by detecting blaKPC and blaOXA-48 among the carbapenemase genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Checkerboard and time-kill analyses confirmed that equol restored the susceptibility of carbapenem-resistant E. coli to meropenem. Also, the transcription levels of specific carbapenemase genes in E. coli were significantly suppressed by equol. The study also evaluated the anti-virulence effects of equol on bacterial biofilm and motility through phenotypic and genotypic analyses. In conclusion, our results revealed that equol had a synergistic effect with meropenem on carbapenem-resistant E. coli. Therefore, this study suggests that equol is a promising antibiotic adjuvant that prevents the expression of carbapenemases and virulence factors in carbapenem-resistant E. coli.
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16
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Sogasu D, Girija ASS, Gunasekaran S, Priyadharsini JV. Molecular characterization and epitope-based vaccine predictions for ompA gene associated with biofilm formation in multidrug-resistant strains of A.baumannii. In Silico Pharmacol 2021; 9:15. [PMID: 33520594 PMCID: PMC7829033 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-020-00074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to molecularly characterize the biofilm associated ompA gene from the drug resistant strains of A. baumannii and its immuno-dominant vaccine epitope predictions through immuno-informatic approach. ompA was amplified by PCR from the genomic DNA and was sequenced. Using the ORF, ompA protein sequence was retrieved and was subjected for IEDB T cell and B cell epitope analysis for the selection of the epitope peptides. Selected peptides were evaluated using appropriate servers and tools to assess the propensity for its antigenicity, solubility, physico-chemical property, toxigenicity and class-I immunogenicity. MHC class I and II restriction of HLA alleles was also performed. 48% (n = 24) of the strains possessed ompA gene. Protein structure was successfully retrieved with the selection of two epitopes viz., E1- FDGVNRGTRGTSEEGTLGNA and E2-KLSEYPNATARIEGHTDNTGPRKL. Final docking with TLR-2, showed E2 as the best epitope candidate predicted with the highest number of hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi Sogasu
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences [SIMATS], Saveetha University, P.H.Road, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600077 India
| | - A S Smiline Girija
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences [SIMATS], Saveetha University, P.H.Road, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600077 India
| | - Shoba Gunasekaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Dwaraka Doss Goverdhan Doss Vaishnav College, Arumbakkam, Chennai, 60010 India
| | - J Vijayashree Priyadharsini
- DRC, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences [SIMATS], Saveetha University, P.H.Road, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600077 India
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