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Xiao Y, Zhao C, Tai Y, Li B, Lan T, Lai E, Dai W, Guo Y, Gan C, Kostallari E, Tang C, Gao J. STING mediates hepatocyte pyroptosis in liver fibrosis by Epigenetically activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102691. [PMID: 37018971 PMCID: PMC10106968 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis signaling pathways represent two distinct central mechanisms in liver disease. However, the interconnections between these two pathways and the epigenetic regulation of the STING-NLRP3 axis in hepatocyte pyroptosis during liver fibrosis remain unknown. STING and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathways are activated in fibrotic livers but are suppressed by Sting knockout. Sting knockout ameliorated hepatic pyroptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. In vitro, STING induces pyroptosis in primary murine hepatocytes by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. H3K4-specific histone methyltransferase WD repeat-containing protein 5 (WDR5) and DOT1-like histone H3K79 methyltransferase (DOT1L) are identified to regulate NLRP3 expression in STING-overexpressing AML12 hepatocytes. WDR5/DOT1L-mediated histone methylation enhances interferon regulatory transcription factor 3 (IRF3) binding to the Nlrp3 promoter and promotes STING-induced Nlrp3 transcription in hepatocytes. Moreover, hepatocyte-specific Nlrp3 deletion and downstream Gasdermin D (Gsdmd) knockout attenuate hepatic pyroptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. RNA-sequencing and metabolomics analysis in murine livers and primary hepatocytes show that oxidative stress and metabolic reprogramming might participate in NLRP3-mediated hepatocyte pyroptosis and liver fibrosis. The STING-NLRP3-GSDMD axis inhibition suppresses hepatic ROS generation. In conclusion, this study describes a novel epigenetic mechanism by which the STING-WDR5/DOT1L/IRF3-NLRP3 signaling pathway enhances hepatocyte pyroptosis and hepatic inflammation in liver fibrosis.
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2
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Liu R, Cui J, Sun Y, Xu W, Wang Z, Wu M, Dong H, Yang C, Hong S, Yin S, Wang H. Autophagy deficiency promotes M1 macrophage polarization to exacerbate acute liver injury via ATG5 repression during aging. Cell Death Dis 2021; 7:397. [PMID: 34930917 PMCID: PMC8688512 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00797-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aging disrupts the maintenance of liver homeostasis, which impairs hepatocyte regeneration and aggravates acute liver injury (ALI), ultimately leading to the development of acute liver failure (ALF), a systemic inflammatory response, and even death. Macrophages influence the progression and outcome of ALI through the innate immune system. However, it is still unclear how macrophages regulate ALI during aging. The variation in macrophage autophagy with aging and the influence on macrophage polarization and cytokine release were assessed in BMDMs in vitro. Then, after BMDMs subjected to several treatments were intravenously or intraperitoneally injected into mice, thioacetamide (TAA)-induced ALI (TAA-ALI) was established, and its effects on inflammation, injury, and mortality were assessed. We found that aging aggravated the liver injury, along with increases in the levels of proinflammatory mediators, presenting a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which promoted macrophage polarization to the M1 phenotype. In addition, autophagy levels decreased significantly in aged mice, which was ascribed to ATG5 repression during aging. Notably, enhancing autophagy levels in aged BMDMs restored macrophage polarization to that observed under young conditions. Finally, autophagy restoration in aged BMDMs enhanced the protective effect against TAA-ALI, similar to M2 macrophages induced by IL-4. Overall, we demonstrated that the influence of aging on macrophage polarization is an important aggravating factor in TAA-ALI, and the autophagy in macrophages is associated with the aging phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Juanjuan Cui
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 China
| | - Yating Sun
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Genetics, School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Wentao Xu
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XFirst Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Ziming Wang
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 China
| | - Miaomiao Wu
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Huke Dong
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XFirst Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Congcong Yang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Genetics, School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Shaocheng Hong
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XFirst Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Shi Yin
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001 China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China. .,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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3
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Sha JY, Li JH, Zhou YD, Yang JY, Liu W, Jiang S, Wang YP, Zhang R, Di P, Li W. The p53/p21/p16 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways are involved in the ameliorative effects of maltol on D-galactose-induced liver and kidney aging and injury. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4411-4424. [PMID: 34028092 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Successive evidence has established that maltol, a flavor-enhancing agent, could provide resistance to oxidative stress-induced tissue injury in various animal models though its benefits for aging-induced liver and kidney injuries are still undetermined. In the present work, for demonstrating maltol's ameliorative effect and probable mechanism against aging-induced liver and kidney injuries, D-galactose (D-Gal)-induced animal in vivo and HEK293 cells in vitro models were established and results demonstrated that long-term D-Gal treatment increases the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in liver and kidney tissues, mitigates cell viability, and arrests the cycle. Interestingly, 4-weeks maltol treatment at 50 and 100 mg/kg activated aging-associated proteins including p53, p21, and p16 followed by inhibiting malondialdehyde (MDA)'s over-production and increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes. Therefore, decreases in cytochrome P450 E1 (CYP2E1) and 4-hydroxydecene (4-HNE)'s immunofluorescence expression levels are confirmed. Furthermore, maltol improved oxidative stress injury by activating the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. In conclusion, the purpose of the present study was to estimate the mechanistic insights into maltol's role as an antioxidant in liver and kidney cell senescence and injury, which will reflect potential of therapeutic strategy for antiaging and aging-related disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yue Sha
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jian-Hao Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,Plant Chemistry Laboratory, Chinese Institute of Jilin Ginseng, Changchun, China
| | - Yan-Dan Zhou
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jia-Yu Yang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Peng Di
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, China
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4
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Fujii J, Homma T, Kobayashi S, Warang P, Madkaikar M, Mukherjee MB. Erythrocytes as a preferential target of oxidative stress in blood. Free Radic Res 2021; 55:562-580. [PMID: 33427524 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2021.1873318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBC) are specifically differentiated to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood and they lack most organelles, including mitochondria. The autoxidation of hemoglobin constitutes a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nitric oxide, which is produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) or via the hemoglobin-mediated conversion of nitrite, interacts with ROS and results in the production of reactive nitrogen oxide species. Herein we present an overview of anemic diseases that are closely related to oxidative damage. Because the compensation of proteins by means of gene expression does not proceed in enucleated cells, antioxidative and redox systems play more important roles in maintaining the homeostasis of RBC against oxidative insult compared to ordinary cells. Defects in hemoglobin and enzymes that are involved in energy production and redox reactions largely trigger oxidative damage to RBC. The results of studies using genetically modified mice suggest that antioxidative enzymes, notably superoxide dismutase 1 and peroxiredoxin 2, play essential roles in coping with oxidative damage in erythroid cells, and their absence limits erythropoiesis, the life-span of RBC and consequently results in the development of anemia. The degeneration of the machinery involved in the proteolytic removal of damaged proteins appears to be associated with hemolytic events. The ubiquitin-proteasome system is the dominant machinery, not only for the proteolytic removal of damaged proteins in erythroid cells but also for the development of erythropoiesis. Hence, despite the fact that it is less abundant in RBC compared to ordinary cells, the aberrant ubiquitin-proteasome system may be associated with the development of anemic diseases via the accumulation of damaged proteins, as typified in sickle cell disease, and impaired erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takujiro Homma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Sho Kobayashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Prashant Warang
- ICMR - National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
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5
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Homma T, Takeda Y, Nakano T, Akatsuka S, Kinoshita D, Kurahashi T, Saitoh S, Yamada KI, Miyata S, Asao H, Goto K, Watanabe T, Watanabe M, Toyokuni S, Fujii J. Defective biosynthesis of ascorbic acid in Sod1-deficient mice results in lethal damage to lung tissue. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:255-265. [PMID: 33096250 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1) plays pivotal roles in antioxidation via accelerating the conversion of superoxide anion radicals into hydrogen peroxide, thus inhibiting the subsequent radical chain reactions. While Sod1 deficient cells inevitably undergo death in culture conditions, Sod1-knockout (KO) mice show relatively mild phenotypes and live approximately two years. We hypothesized that the presence of abundant levels of ascorbic acid (AsA), which is naturally produced in mice, contributes to the elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Sod1-KO mice. To verify this hypothesis, we employed mice with a genetic ablation of aldehyde reductase (Akr1a), an enzyme that is involved in the biosynthesis of AsA, and established double knockout (DKO) mice that lack both Sod1 and Akr1a. Supplementation of AsA (1.5 mg/ml in drinking water) was required for the DKO mice to breed, and, upon terminating the AsA supplementation, they died within approximately two weeks regardless of age or gender. We explored the etiology of the death from pathophysiological standpoints in principal organs of the mice. Marked changes were observed in the lungs in the form of macroscopic damage after the AsA withdrawal. Histological and immunological analyses of the lungs indicated oxidative damage of tissue and activated immune responses. Thus, preferential oxidative injury that occurred in pulmonary tissues appeared to be primary cause of the death in the mice. These collective results suggest that the pivotal function of AsA in coping with ROS in vivo, is largely in pulmonary tissues that are exposed to a hyperoxygenic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takujiro Homma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan.
| | - Yuji Takeda
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nakano
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shinya Akatsuka
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kinoshita
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kurahashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Shinichi Saitoh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyata
- Miyata Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 5-17-21 Fukushima, Fukushima-ku, Osaka, 553-0003, Japan
| | - Hironobu Asao
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Kaoru Goto
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masafumi Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shinya Toyokuni
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
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6
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Fathi M, Alavinejad P, Haidari Z, Amani R. The effects of zinc supplementation on metabolic profile and oxidative stress in overweight/obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 62:126635. [PMID: 32932174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence indicates the positive effects of zinc on insulin resistance and oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome or diabetes. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main hepatic manifestation of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. The present study is the first clinical trial that evaluated the effects of zinc supplementation on metabolic and oxidative stress status in overweight/obese patients with NAFLD undergoing calorie- restriction diet. METHODS Fifty six overweight/obese patients with confirmed mild to moderate NAFLD using ultrasonography were randomly allocated to receive 30 mg elemental zinc supplement (n = 29) or placebo (n = 27) along with weight loss diet for 12 weeks. Serum levels of zinc, homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid profile, serum superoxide dismutas1 (SOD1) and malondialdhyde (MDA) levels were assessed. RESULTS Serum levels of insulin, SOD1, MDA and HOMA-IR were improved in the treatment group (p < 0.05). Within group comparison showed significant reduction in serum FBS, HbA1C, TC, LDL-c and TG in the treatment group. CONCLUSION Zinc supplementation for three months improved insulin resistance and oxidative stress status in overweight/obese NAFLD patients with no beneficial effects on lipid profiles over weight loss diet. Registration ID in IRCT (IRCT NO: 20181005041238N1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojdeh Fathi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pezhman Alavinejad
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Ahvaz Imam Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Haidari
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Amani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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7
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Li W, Wang JQ, Zhou YD, Hou JG, Liu Y, Wang YP, Gong XJ, Lin XH, Jiang S, Wang Z. Rare Ginsenoside 20(R)-Rg3 Inhibits D-Galactose-Induced Liver and Kidney Injury by Regulating Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:1141-1157. [PMID: 32668974 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered as a major factor in aging and exacerbates aging process through a variety of molecular mechanisms. D-galactose, a normal reducing sugar with high dose can cause the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or stimulate free radical production indirectly by the formation of advanced glycation end products in tissues, finally resulting in oxidative stress. 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 (20(R)-Rg3), a major and representative component isolated from red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A Meyer), has been shown to observably have an anti-oxidative effect. We thereby investigated the beneficial effects of 20(R)-Rg3 on D-galactose-induced oxidative stress injury and its underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that continuous injection of D-galactose with 800[Formula: see text]mg/kg/day for 8 weeks increased the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). However, such increases were attenuated by the treatment of 20(R)-Rg3 for 4 weeks. Meanwhile, 20(R)-Rg3 markedly inhibited D-galactose-caused oxidative stress in liver and kidney. The anti-oxidants, including catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were elevated in the mice from 20(R)-Rg3-treated group compared with that from D-galactose group. In contrast, a significant decrease in levels of cytochrome P450 E1 (CYP2E1) and the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were observed in the 20(R)-Rg3-treated group. These effects were associated with a significant increase of AGEs. More importantly, 20(R)-Rg3 effectively attenuated D-galactose induced apoptosis in liver and kidney via restoring the upstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Taken together, our study suggests that 20(R)-Rg3 may be a novel and promising anti-oxidative therapeutic agent to prevent aging-related injuries in liver and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China.,National & Local Joint Engineering, Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Qiang Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Dan Zhou
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Gang Hou
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China.,Intelligent Synthetic Biology Center, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China.,National & Local Joint Engineering, Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Jie Gong
- College of Medicine, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Hui Lin
- Liaoning Xifeng Pharmaceutical, Group Co., Ltd., Huanren 117200, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China.,National & Local Joint Engineering, Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Zi Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China.,National & Local Joint Engineering, Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
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8
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Wang Q, Wei S, Zhou S, Qiu J, Shi C, Liu R, Zhou H, Lu L. Hyperglycemia aggravates acute liver injury by promoting liver-resident macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the inhibition of AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy induction. Immunol Cell Biol 2019; 98:54-66. [PMID: 31625631 PMCID: PMC7004066 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although the detrimental effects of diabetes mellitus/hyperglycemia have been observed in many liver disease models, the function and mechanism of hyperglycemia regulating liver‐resident macrophages, Kupffer cells (KCs), in thioacetamide (TAA)‐induced liver injury remain largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated the role of hyperglycemia in regulating NOD‐like receptor family pyrin domain‐containing 3 protein (NLRP3) inflammasome activation by inhibiting autophagy induction in KCs in the TAA‐induced liver injury model. Type I diabetes/hyperglycemia was induced by streptozotocin treatment. Compared with the control group, hyperglycemic mice exhibited a significant increase in intrahepatic inflammation and liver injury. Enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation was detected in KCs from hyperglycemic mice, as shown by increased gene induction and protein levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase‐1, apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain and interleukin‐1β, compared with control mice. NLRP3 inhibition by its antagonist CY‐09 effectively suppressed inflammasome activation in KCs and attenuated liver injury in hyperglycemic mice. Furthermore, inhibited autophagy activation was revealed by transmission electron microscope detection, decreased LC3B protein expression and p‐62 protein degradation in KCs isolated from TAA‐stressed hyperglycemic mice. Interestingly, inhibited 5′ AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) but enhanced mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation was found in KCs from TAA‐stressed hyperglycemic mice. AMPK activation by its agonist 5‐aminoimidazole‐4‐carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) or mTOR signaling knockdown by small interfering RNA restored autophagy activation, and subsequently, inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in KCs, leading to ultimately reduced TAA‐induced liver injury in the hyperglycemic mice. Our findings demonstrated that hyperglycemia aggravated TAA‐induced acute liver injury by promoting liver‐resident macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome activation via inhibiting AMPK/mTOR‐mediated autophagy. This study provided a novel target for prevention of toxin‐induced acute liver injury under hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Wei
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,School of Medical, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiannan Qiu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenyu Shi
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoming Zhou
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,School of Medical, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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9
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Zhan F, Zhao G, Li X, Yang S, Yang W, Zhou S, Zhang F. Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha endoribonuclease specific inhibitor STF-083010 protects the liver from thioacetamide-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and injury by triggering hepatocyte autophagy. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:261-269. [PMID: 31121416 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute liver injury caused by toxins or drugs is a common condition that threatens patients' lives. Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α), the most conserved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of liver injury. Activated IRE1α endoribonuclease (RNase) can splice X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) mRNA to produce the sXBP1 transcription factor. STF-083010, a specific inhibitor of IRE1α RNase, has recently been suggested to exhibit anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in multiple injury models. However, it remains unknown whether STF-083010 has a protective effect against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced acute liver injury. Here, we demonstrated that IRE1α-sXBP1 signaling is involved in the development of TAA-induced acute liver injury and correlates with the severity of liver damage. STF-083010 protected against TAA-induced liver injury, as evidenced by higher survival rates in response to a lethal dose of TAA and less severe liver injury in response to a toxic dose of TAA. Mechanistic exploration showed that STF-083010 triggered hepatocyte autophagy in response to TAA stimulation both in vivo and in vitro, leading to reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and attenuated hepatic inflammation. We also found that Beclin-1 played a critical role in STF-083010-mediated autophagy in response to TAA stimulation. Autophagy inhibition by chloroquine (CQ) in vivo and Beclin-1 knockdown in vitro markedly abrogated the protective role of STF-083010 against TAA-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and hepatotoxicity. Our results suggested STF-083010 as a potential therapeutic application to prevent TAA-induced acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhan
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Laparoscopic Surgery, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Guoping Zhao
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xu Li
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wenjie Yang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Double Knockout of Peroxiredoxin 4 (Prdx4) and Superoxide Dismutase 1 (Sod1) in Mice Results in Severe Liver Failure. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2812904. [PMID: 30050648 PMCID: PMC6040270 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2812904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mice that are deficient in superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1), an antioxidative enzyme, are susceptible to developing liver steatosis. Peroxiredoxin 4 (Prdx4) catalyzes disulfide bond formation in proteins via the action of hydrogen peroxide and hence decreases oxidative stress and supports oxidative protein folding for the secretion of lipoproteins. Because elevated reactive oxygen species induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, this negative chain reaction is likely involved in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases and more advanced steatohepatitis (NASH). In the current study, we generated Prdx4 and Sod1 double knockout (DKO; Prdx4-/ySod1-/-) mice and examined whether the combined deletion of Prdx4 and Sod1 aggravated liver pathology compared to single knockout and wild-type mice. The secretion of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein was strikingly impaired in the DKO mice, leading to aggravated liver steatosis. Simultaneously, the activation of caspase-3 in the liver was observed. The hyperoxidation of Prdxs, a hallmark of oxidative stress, occurred in different isoforms that are uniquely associated with Sod1-/- and Prdx4-/y mice, and the effect was additive in DKO mouse livers. Because DKO mice spontaneously develop severe liver failure at a relatively young stage, they have the potential for use as a model for hepatic disorders and for testing other potential treatments.
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11
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Yang D, Jiang H, Lu J, Lv Y, Baiyun R, Li S, Liu B, Lv Z, Zhang Z. Dietary grape seed proanthocyanidin extract regulates metabolic disturbance in rat liver exposed to lead associated with PPARα signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 237:377-387. [PMID: 29502000 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lead, a pervasive environmental hazard worldwide, causes a wide range of physiological and biochemical destruction, including metabolic dysfunction. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) is a natural production with potential metabolic regulation in liver. This study was performed to investigate the protective role of GSPE against lead-induced metabolic dysfunction in liver and elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of this event. Wistar rats received GSPE (200 mg/kg) daily with or without lead acetate (PbA, 0.5 g/L) exposure for 56 d. According to biochemical and histopathologic analysis, GSPE attenuated lead-induced metabolic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and liver dysfunction. Liver gene expression profiling was assessed by RNA sequencing and validated by qRT-PCR. Expression of some genes in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) signaling pathway was significantly suppressed in PbA group and revived in PbA + GSPE group, which was manifested by Gene Ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis and validated by western blot analysis. This study supports that dietary GSPE ameliorates lead-induced fatty acids metabolic disturbance in rat liver associated with PPARα signaling pathway, and suggests that dietary GSPE may be a protector against lead-induced metabolic dysfunction and liver injury, providing a novel therapy to protect liver against lead exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqian Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Huijie Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jingjing Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yueying Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ruiqi Baiyun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Siyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Biying Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhanjun Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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12
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Hong M, Zhang Y, Li S, Tan HY, Wang N, Mu S, Hao X, Feng Y. A Network Pharmacology-Based Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Fructus Schisandrae. Molecules 2017; 22:E1617. [PMID: 28956809 PMCID: PMC6151775 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fructus schisandrae (Wuweizi in Chinese), a common traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been used for centuries to treat chronic liver disease. The therapeutic efficacy of Wuweizi has also been validated in clinical practice. In this study, molecular docking and network analysis were carried out to explore the hepatoprotective mechanism of Wuweizi as an effective therapeutic approach to treat liver disease. Multiple active compounds of Wuweizi were docked with 44 protein targets related with viral hepatitis, fatty liver, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. A compound-target network was constructed through network pharmacology analysis, predicting the relationships of active ingredients to the targets. Our results demonstrated that schisantherin, schisandrin B, schisandrol B, kadsurin, Wuweizisu C, Gomisin A, Gomisin G, and angeloylgomisin may target with 21 intracellular proteins associated with liver diseases, especially with fatty liver disease. The CYP2E1, PPARα, and AMPK genes and their related pathway may play a pivotal role in the hepatoprotective effects of Wuweizi. The network pharmacology strategy used provides a forceful tool for searching the action mechanism of traditional herbal medicines and novel bioactive ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Yongsheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hor Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Shuzhen Mu
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 55500, China.
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 55500, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650000, China.
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
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Lee J, Homma T, Fujii J. Mice in the early stage of liver steatosis caused by a high fat diet are resistant to thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress. Toxicol Lett 2017. [PMID: 28642009 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lipogenesis is stimulated in the liver by an unfolded protein response (UPR) to endoplasmic reticulum stress under a variety of pathological conditions and results in the accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes. Assuming that UPR is a protective mechanism against stress, we hypothesized that the accumulated lipids might have a beneficial function. We prepared mice with fatty livers by feeding two types of high-calorie diets; a lard-rich high-calorie diet (LHD) or a menhaden oil-containing high-calorie diet (MHD), for two weeks and treated them, as well as control diet (CD)-fed mice, with thioacetamide (TAA), a liver toxicant. When a lethal dose (500mg/kg) of TAA was administered, the LHD-fed mice and the MHD-fed mice survived longer than those fed with CD. The accumulated lipids appeared to be associated with protecting the liver against TAA toxicity (200mg/kg). Consistently, lipid-loaded Hepa 1-6 cells showed a partial resistance to hydrogen peroxide toxicity compared to those cultured in conventional media. In conclusion, while sustained steatosis impairs liver function and leads to hazardous conditions, lipids that transiently accumulate as the result of UPR or other stimuli may exert a beneficial function in the liver at least partly through scavenging reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.
| | - Takujiro Homma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.
| | - Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.
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Hartman JH, Miller GP, Meyer JN. Toxicological Implications of Mitochondrial Localization of CYP2E1. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2017; 6:273-289. [PMID: 28989700 DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00020k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) metabolizes an extensive array of pollutants, drugs, and other small molecules, often resulting in bioactivation to reactive metabolites. Therefore, it is unsurprising that it has been the subject of decades of research publications and reviews. However, while CYP2E1 has historically been studied in the endoplasmic reticulum (erCYP2E1), active CYP2E1 is also present in mitochondria (mtCYP2E1). Relatively few studies have specifically focused on mtCYP2E1, but there is growing interest in this form of the enzyme as a driver in toxicological mechanisms given its activity and location. Many previous studies have linked total CYP2E1 to conditions that involve mitochondrial dysfunction (fasting, diabetes, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and obesity). Furthermore, a large number of reactive metabolites that are formed by CYP2E1 through metabolism of drugs and pollutants have been demonstrated to cause mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, there appears to be significant inter-individual variability in targeting to the mitochondria, which could constitute a source of variability in individual response to exposures. This review discusses those outcomes, the biochemical properties and toxicological consequences of mtCYP2E1, and highlights important knowledge gaps and future directions. Overall, we feel that this exciting area of research is rich with new and important questions about the relationship between mtCYP2E1, mitochondrial dysfunction, and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grover P Miller
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Joel N Meyer
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC
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