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Hara T, Nishimura S, Yamamoto T, Kajimoto Y, Kusumoto K, Kanagawa R, Ikeda S, Nishimoto T. TAK-272 (imarikiren), a novel renin inhibitor, improves cardiac remodeling and mortality in a murine heart failure model. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202176. [PMID: 30092100 PMCID: PMC6084973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which plays an important role in the progression of heart failure, is efficiently blocked by the inhibition of renin, the rate-limiting enzyme in the RAS cascade. In the present study, we investigated the cardioprotective effects of TAK-272 (SCO-272, imarikiren), a novel, orally effective direct renin inhibitor (DRI), and compared its efficacy with that of aliskiren, a DRI that is already available in the market. TAK-272 was administered to calsequestrin transgenic (CSQ-tg) heart failure mouse model that show severe symptoms and high mortality. The CSQ-tg mice treated with 300 mg/kg, the highest dose tested, of TAK-272 showed significantly reduced plasma renin activity (PRA), cardiac hypertrophy, and lung congestion. Further, TAK-272 reduced cardiomyocyte injury accompanied by an attenuation of the increase in NADPH oxidase 4 and nitric oxide synthase 3 expressions. TAK-272 also prolonged the survival of CSQ-tg mice in a dose-dependent manner (30 mg/kg: P = 0.42, 100 mg/kg: P = 0.12, 300 mg/kg: P < 0.01). Additionally, when compared at the same dose level (300 mg/kg), TAK-272 showed strong and sustained PRA inhibition and reduced the heart weight and plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentration, a heart failure biomarker, while aliskiren showed a significant weaker PRA inhibition and failed to demonstrate any cardioprotective effects. Our results showed that TAK-272 is an orally active and persistent renin inhibitor, which reduced the mortality of CSQ-tg mice and conferred protection against cardiac hypertrophy and injury. Thus, TAK-272 treatment could provide a new therapeutic approach for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Hara
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nishimura
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Yamamoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kajimoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keiji Kusumoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ray Kanagawa
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shota Ikeda
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nishimoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Kaneko M, Satomi T, Fujiwara S, Uchiyama H, Kusumoto K, Nishimoto T. AT1 receptor blocker azilsartan medoxomil normalizes plasma miR-146a and miR-342-3p in a murine heart failure model. Biomarkers 2016; 22:253-260. [PMID: 27321284 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2016.1204001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Our study measured circulating microRNA (miRNA) levels in the plasma of calsequestrin (CSQ)-tg mouse, a severe heart failure model, and evaluated whether treatment with angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, azilsartan medoxomil (AZL-M) influenced their levels using miRNA array analysis. MiR-146a, miR-149, miR-150, and miR-342-3p were reproducibly reduced in the plasma of CSQ-tg mice. Among them, miR-146a and miR-342-3p were significantly restored by AZL-M, which were associated with improvement of survival rate and reduction of congestion. These results suggest that miRNA, especially miR-146a and miR-342-3p, could be used as potential biomarkers for evaluating the efficacy of anti-heart failure drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Kaneko
- a Cardiovascular and Metabolic Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division , Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , Fujisawa , Japan
| | - Tomoko Satomi
- a Cardiovascular and Metabolic Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division , Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , Fujisawa , Japan
| | - Shuji Fujiwara
- a Cardiovascular and Metabolic Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division , Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , Fujisawa , Japan
| | - Hidefumi Uchiyama
- b Integrated Technology Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division , Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , Fujisawa , Japan
| | - Keiji Kusumoto
- a Cardiovascular and Metabolic Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division , Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , Fujisawa , Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nishimoto
- a Cardiovascular and Metabolic Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division , Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , Fujisawa , Japan
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Michel MC, Brunner HR, Foster C, Huo Y. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists in animal models of vascular, cardiac, metabolic and renal disease. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 164:1-81. [PMID: 27130806 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have reviewed the effects of angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists (ARBs) in various animal models of hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiac function, hypertrophy and fibrosis, glucose and lipid metabolism, and renal function and morphology. Those of azilsartan and telmisartan have been included comprehensively whereas those of other ARBs have been included systematically but without intention of completeness. ARBs as a class lower blood pressure in established hypertension and prevent hypertension development in all applicable animal models except those with a markedly suppressed renin-angiotensin system; blood pressure lowering even persists for a considerable time after discontinuation of treatment. This translates into a reduced mortality, particularly in models exhibiting marked hypertension. The retrieved data on vascular, cardiac and renal function and morphology as well as on glucose and lipid metabolism are discussed to address three main questions: 1. Can ARB effects on blood vessels, heart, kidney and metabolic function be explained by blood pressure lowering alone or are they additionally directly related to blockade of the renin-angiotensin system? 2. Are they shared by other inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system, e.g. angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors? 3. Are some effects specific for one or more compounds within the ARB class? Taken together these data profile ARBs as a drug class with unique properties that have beneficial effects far beyond those on blood pressure reduction and, in some cases distinct from those of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. The clinical relevance of angiotensin receptor-independent effects of some ARBs remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Michel
- Dept. Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Dept. Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ingelheim, Germany.
| | | | - Carolyn Foster
- Retiree from Dept. of Research Networking, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Yong Huo
- Dept. Cardiology & Heart Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, PR China
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The therapeutic effect of 2-cyclohexylthio-AMP in heart failure. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2013; 61:553-9. [PMID: 23474842 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e31828e8758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM : The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of 2-cyclohexylthio-adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) in mice with heart failure (HF). METHODS : 2-Cyclohexylthio-AMP was dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline and infused in mice with ischemic HF after permanent left coronary [left anterior descending (LAD)] ligation and in calsequestrin (CSQ) mice with HF. Myocardial function ex vivo was determined in the working heart model. Cardiac function in vivo was assessed by echocardiography. RESULTS : Injection of 2-cyclohexylthio-AMP induced a dose-dependent increase in +dP/dt, -dP/dt, and left ventricular developed pressure in normal wild-type mice and in CSQ mice with HF using the ex vivo working heart model. Spontaneous heart rate did not change after the injection of 2-cyclohexylthio-AMP. Compared with normal saline-treaded mice, chronic infusion of 2-cyclohexylthio-AMP in mice with ischemic HF after left coronary artery (LAD) ligation and in CSQ mice resulted in improved +dP/dt, -dP/dt, left ventricular developed pressure, and fractional shortening, restored the β-adrenergic response and decreased heart weight/body weight ratios. CONCLUSIONS : 2-Cyclohexylthio-AMP improved the cardiac contractile performance and rescued mice from HF. This salutary action may result from the reduction of myocardial hypertrophy and the restoration of the β-adrenergic response in both LAD ligation and CSQ mouse models of HF. The fact that this agent can increase contractile performance without heart rate increase should be desirable in HF therapy.
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Lu CC, Xu YQ, Wu JC, Hang PZ, Wang Y, Wang C, Wu JW, Qi JC, Zhang Y, Du ZM. Vitexin protects against cardiac hypertrophy via inhibiting calcineurin and CaMKII signaling pathways. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 386:747-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-013-0873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bish LT, Yarchoan M, Sleeper MM, Gazzara JA, Morine KJ, Acosta P, Barton ER, Sweeney HL. Chronic losartan administration reduces mortality and preserves cardiac but not skeletal muscle function in dystrophic mice. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20856. [PMID: 21731628 PMCID: PMC3120761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a degenerative disorder affecting skeletal and cardiac muscle for which there is no effective therapy. Angiotension receptor blockade (ARB) has excellent therapeutic potential in DMD based on recent data demonstrating attenuation of skeletal muscle disease progression during 6–9 months of therapy in the mdx mouse model of DMD. Since cardiac-related death is major cause of mortality in DMD, it is important to evaluate the effect of any novel treatment on the heart. Therefore, we evaluated the long-term impact of ARB on both the skeletal muscle and cardiac phenotype of the mdx mouse. Mdx mice received either losartan (0.6 g/L) (n = 8) or standard drinking water (n = 9) for two years, after which echocardiography was performed to assess cardiac function. Skeletal muscle weight, morphology, and function were assessed. Fibrosis was evaluated in the diaphragm and heart by Trichrome stain and by determination of tissue hydroxyproline content. By the study endpoint, 88% of treated mice were alive compared to only 44% of untreated (p = 0.05). No difference in skeletal muscle morphology, function, or fibrosis was noted in losartan-treated animals. Cardiac function was significantly preserved with losartan treatment, with a trend towards reduction in cardiac fibrosis. We saw no impact on the skeletal muscle disease progression, suggesting that other pathways that trigger fibrosis dominate over angiotensin II in skeletal muscle long term, unlike the situation in the heart. Our study suggests that ARB may be an important prophylactic treatment for DMD-associated cardiomyopathy, but will not impact skeletal muscle disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence T Bish
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
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