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The TRPA1 Channel Amplifies the Oxidative Stress Signal in Melanoma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113131. [PMID: 34831352 PMCID: PMC8624842 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages (MΦs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in carcinogenesis. The oxidative stress sensor, transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), activated by ROS, appears to contribute to lung and breast cancer progression. Although TRPA1 expression has been reported in melanoma cell lines, and oxidative stress has been associated with melanocytic transformation, their role in melanoma remains poorly known. Here, we localized MΦs, the final end-product of oxidative stress, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), and TRPA1 in tissue samples of human common dermal melanocytic nevi, dysplastic nevi, and thin (pT1) and thick (pT4) cutaneous melanomas. The number (amount) of intratumoral and peritumoral M2 MΦs and 4-HNE staining progressively increased with tumor severity, while TRPA1 expression was similar in all samples. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) evoked a TRPA1-dependent calcium response in two distinct melanoma cell lines (SK-MEL-28 and WM266-4). Furthermore, H2O2 induced a TRPA1-dependent H2O2 release that was prevented by the TRPA1 antagonist, A967079, or Trpa1 gene silencing (siRNA). ROS release from infiltrating M2 MΦs may target TRPA1-expressing melanoma cells to amplify the oxidative stress signal that affects tumor cell survival and proliferation.
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de Almeida AS, Bernardes LDB, Trevisan G. TRP channels in cancer pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 904:174185. [PMID: 34015320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a common symptom experienced during cancer progression. Additionally, some patients experience bone pain caused by cancer metastasis, which further complicates the prognosis. Cancer pain is often treated using opioid-based pharmacotherapy, but these drugs possess several adverse effects. Accordingly, new mechanisms for cancer pain management are being explored, including transient receptor potential channels (TRPs). TRP ion channels are expressed in several tissues and play a key role in pain detection, especially TRP vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and TRP ankyrin 1 (TRPA1). In the present review, we describe the role of TRPV1 and TRPA1 involved in cancer pain mechanisms. Several studies have revealed that the administration of TRPV1 or TRPA1 agonists/antagonists and TRPV1 or TRPA1 knockdown reduced sensitivity to nociception in cancer pain models. TRPV1 was also found to be involved in various models of cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP), with TRPV1 expression reportedly enhanced in some models. These studies have demonstrated the TRPV1 or TRPA1 association with cancer pain in models induced by tumour cell inoculation into the bone cavity, hind paw, mammary fat pad, and sciatic nerve in mice or rats. To date, only resiniferatoxin, a TRPV1 agonist, has been evaluated in clinical trials for cancer pain and showed preliminary positive results. Thus, TRP channels are potential targets for managing cancer-related pain syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Spring de Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Laura de Barros Bernardes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Trevisan
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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3
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Böhme I, Schönherr R, Eberle J, Bosserhoff AK. Membrane Transporters and Channels in Melanoma. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 181:269-374. [PMID: 32737752 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has revealed that ion channels and transporters can be important players in tumor development, progression, and therapy resistance in melanoma. For example, members of the ABC family were shown to support cancer stemness-like features in melanoma cells, while several members of the TRP channel family were reported to act as tumor suppressors.Also, many transporter proteins support tumor cell viability and thus suppress apoptosis induction by anticancer therapy. Due to the high number of ion channels and transporters and the resulting high complexity of the field, progress in understanding is often focused on single molecules and is in total rather slow. In this review, we aim at giving an overview about a broad subset of ion transporters, also illustrating some aspects of the field, which have not been addressed in detail in melanoma. In context with the other chapters in this special issue on "Transportome Malfunctions in the Cancer Spectrum," a comparison between melanoma and these tumors will be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Böhme
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roland Schönherr
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Eberle
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Skin Cancer Center Charité, University Medical Center Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Katrin Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany.
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Talavera K, Startek JB, Alvarez-Collazo J, Boonen B, Alpizar YA, Sanchez A, Naert R, Nilius B. Mammalian Transient Receptor Potential TRPA1 Channels: From Structure to Disease. Physiol Rev 2019; 100:725-803. [PMID: 31670612 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00005.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential ankyrin (TRPA) channels are Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channels remarkably conserved through the animal kingdom. Mammals have only one member, TRPA1, which is widely expressed in sensory neurons and in non-neuronal cells (such as epithelial cells and hair cells). TRPA1 owes its name to the presence of 14 ankyrin repeats located in the NH2 terminus of the channel, an unusual structural feature that may be relevant to its interactions with intracellular components. TRPA1 is primarily involved in the detection of an extremely wide variety of exogenous stimuli that may produce cellular damage. This includes a plethora of electrophilic compounds that interact with nucleophilic amino acid residues in the channel and many other chemically unrelated compounds whose only common feature seems to be their ability to partition in the plasma membrane. TRPA1 has been reported to be activated by cold, heat, and mechanical stimuli, and its function is modulated by multiple factors, including Ca2+, trace metals, pH, and reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and carbonyl species. TRPA1 is involved in acute and chronic pain as well as inflammation, plays key roles in the pathophysiology of nearly all organ systems, and is an attractive target for the treatment of related diseases. Here we review the current knowledge about the mammalian TRPA1 channel, linking its unique structure, widely tuned sensory properties, and complex regulation to its roles in multiple pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Justyna B Startek
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julio Alvarez-Collazo
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brett Boonen
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alicia Sanchez
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robbe Naert
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernd Nilius
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
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Singh J, Hussain Y, Luqman S, Meena A. Targeting Ca 2+ signalling through phytomolecules to combat cancer. Pharmacol Res 2019; 146:104282. [PMID: 31129179 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is amongst the life-threatening public health issue worldwide, hence responsible for millions of death every year. It is affecting human health regardless of their gender, age, eating habits, and ecological location. Many drugs and therapies are available for its cure still the need for effective targeted drugs and therapies are of paramount importance. In the recent past, Ca2+ signalling (including channels/transporters/pumps) are being studied as a plausible target for combating the cancer menace. Many evidence has shown that the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis is altered in cancer cells and the remodelling is linked with tumor instigation, angiogenesis, progression, and metastasis. Focusing on these altered Ca2+ signalling tool kit for cancer treatment is a cross-cutting and emerging area of research. In addition, there are numerous phytomolecules which can be exploited as a potential Ca2+ (channels/transporters/ pumps) modulators in the context of targeting Ca2+ signalling in the cancer cell. In the present review, a list of plant-based potential Ca2+ (channel/transporters/pumps) modulators has been reported which could have application in the framework of repurposing the potential drugs to target Ca2+ signalling pathways in cancer cells. This review also aims to gain attention in and support for prospective research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Singh
- Molecular Bioprospection Department of Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Yusuf Hussain
- Molecular Bioprospection Department of Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Molecular Bioprospection Department of Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Molecular Bioprospection Department of Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Mitsiogianni M, Koutsidis G, Mavroudis N, Trafalis DT, Botaitis S, Franco R, Zoumpourlis V, Amery T, Galanis A, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI. The Role of Isothiocyanates as Cancer Chemo-Preventive, Chemo-Therapeutic and Anti-Melanoma Agents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E106. [PMID: 31003534 PMCID: PMC6523696 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8040106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown evidence in support of the beneficial effects of phytochemicals in preventing chronic diseases, including cancer. Among such phytochemicals, sulphur-containing compounds (e.g., isothiocyanates (ITCs)) have raised scientific interest by exerting unique chemo-preventive properties against cancer pathogenesis. ITCs are the major biologically active compounds capable of mediating the anticancer effect of cruciferous vegetables. Recently, many studies have shown that a higher intake of cruciferous vegetables is associated with reduced risk of developing various forms of cancers primarily due to a plurality of effects, including (i) metabolic activation and detoxification, (ii) inflammation, (iii) angiogenesis, (iv) metastasis and (v) regulation of the epigenetic machinery. In the context of human malignant melanoma, a number of studies suggest that ITCs can cause cell cycle growth arrest and also induce apoptosis in human malignant melanoma cells. On such basis, ITCs could serve as promising chemo-therapeutic agents that could be used in the clinical setting to potentiate the efficacy of existing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Mitsiogianni
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Georgios Koutsidis
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Nikos Mavroudis
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK.
| | - Dimitrios T Trafalis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Sotiris Botaitis
- Second Department of Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- Redox Biology Centre, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
| | - Vasilis Zoumpourlis
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece.
| | - Tom Amery
- The Watrercress Company / The Wasabi Company, Waddock, Dorchester, Dorset DT2 8QY, UK.
| | - Alex Galanis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
| | - Mihalis I Panayiotidis
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
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Mechanism for Regulation of Melanoma Cell Death via Activation of Thermo-TRPV4 and TRPV2. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:7362875. [PMID: 30881453 PMCID: PMC6383420 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7362875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Thermo-TRPs (temperature-sensitive transient receptor potential channels) belong to the TRP (transient receptor potential) channel superfamily. Emerging evidence implied that thermo-TRPs have been involved in regulation of cell fate in certain tumors. However, their distribution profiles and roles in melanoma remain incompletely understood. Methods Western blot and digital PCR approaches were performed to identify the distribution profiles of six thermo-TRPs. MTT assessment was employed to detect cell viability. Flow cytometry was applied to test cell cycle and apoptosis. Calcium imaging was used to determine the function of channels. Five cell lines, including one normal human primary epidermal melanocytes and two human malignant melanoma (A375, G361) and two human metastatic melanoma (A2058, SK-MEL-3) cell lines, were chosen for this research. Results In the present study, six thermo-TRPs including TRPV1/2/3/4, TRPA1, and TRPM8 were examined in human primary melanocytes and melanoma cells. We found that TRPV2/4, TRPA1, and TRPM8 exhibited ectopic distribution both in melanocytes and melanoma cells. Moreover, activation of TRPV2 and TRPV4 could lead to the decline of cell viability for melanoma A2058 and A375 cells. Subsequently, activation of TRPV2 by 2-APB (IC50 = 150 μM) induced cell necrosis in A2058 cells, while activation of TRPV4 by GSK1016790A (IC50 = 10 nM) enhanced apoptosis of A375 cells. Furthermore, TRPV4 mediated cell apoptosis of melanoma via phosphorylation of AKT and was involved in calcium regulation. Conclusion Overall, our studies revealed that TRPV4 and TRPV2 mediated melanoma cell death via channel activation and characterized the mechanism of functional TRPV4 ion channel in regulating AKT pathway driven antitumor process. Thus, they may serve as potential biomarkers for the prognosis and are targeted for the therapeutic use in human melanoma.
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8
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Oehler B, Mohammadi M, Perpina Viciano C, Hackel D, Hoffmann C, Brack A, Rittner HL. Peripheral Interaction of Resolvin D1 and E1 with Opioid Receptor Antagonists for Antinociception in Inflammatory Pain in Rats. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:242. [PMID: 28824373 PMCID: PMC5541027 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Antinociceptive pathways are activated in the periphery in inflammatory pain, for instance resolvins and opioid peptides. Resolvins are biosynthesized from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. Resolvin D1 (RvD1) and resolvin E1 (RvE1) initiate the resolution of inflammation and control of hypersensitivity via induction of anti-inflammatory signaling cascades. RvD1 binds to lipoxin A4/annexin-A1 receptor/formyl-peptide receptor 2 (ALX/FPR2), RvE1 to chemerin receptor 23 (ChemR23). Antinociception of RvD1 is mediated by interaction with transient receptor potential channels ankyrin 1 (TRPA1). Endogenous opioid peptides are synthesized and released from leukocytes in the tissue and bind to opioid receptors on nociceptor terminals. Here, we further explored peripheral mechanisms of RvD1 and chemerin (Chem), the ligand of ChemR23, in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced hindpaw inflammation in male Wistar rats. RvD1 and Chem ameliorated CFA-induced hypersensitivity in early and late inflammatory phases. This was prevented by peripheral blockade of the μ-opioid peptide receptor (MOR) using low dose local naloxone or by local injection of anti-β-endorphin and anti-met-enkephalin (anti-ENK) antibodies. Naloxone also hindered antinociception by the TRPA1 inhibitor HC-030031. RvD1 did not stimulate the release of β-endorphin from macrophages and neutrophils, nor did RvD1 itself activate G-proteins coupled MOR or initiate β-arrestin recruitment to the membrane. TRPA1 blockade by HC-030031 in inflammation in vivo as well as inhibition of the TRPA1-mediated calcium influx in dorsal root ganglia neurons in vitro was hampered by naloxone. Peripheral application of naloxone alone in vivo already lowered mechanical nociceptive thresholds. Therefore, either a perturbation of the balance of endogenous pro- and antinociceptive mechanisms in early and late inflammation, or an interaction of TRPA1 and opioid receptors weaken the antinociceptive potency of RvD1 and TRPA1 blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Oehler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University Hospital of WuerzburgWuerzburg, Germany
| | - Milad Mohammadi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University Hospital of WuerzburgWuerzburg, Germany
| | - Cristina Perpina Viciano
- Bio-Imaging-Center/Rudolf-Virchow-Center, Institute of Pharmacology, University of WuerzburgWuerzburg, Germany
| | - Dagmar Hackel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University Hospital of WuerzburgWuerzburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Hoffmann
- Bio-Imaging-Center/Rudolf-Virchow-Center, Institute of Pharmacology, University of WuerzburgWuerzburg, Germany.,Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, CMB-Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital JenaJena, Germany
| | - Alexander Brack
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University Hospital of WuerzburgWuerzburg, Germany
| | - Heike L Rittner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University Hospital of WuerzburgWuerzburg, Germany
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Oehler B, Kistner K, Martin C, Schiller J, Mayer R, Mohammadi M, Sauer RS, Filipovic MR, Nieto FR, Kloka J, Pflücke D, Hill K, Schaefer M, Malcangio M, Reeh PW, Brack A, Blum R, Rittner HL. Inflammatory pain control by blocking oxidized phospholipid-mediated TRP channel activation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5447. [PMID: 28710476 PMCID: PMC5511297 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05348-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids occurring in cell membranes and lipoproteins are converted into oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) by oxidative stress promoting atherosclerotic plaque formation. Here, OxPL were characterized as novel targets in acute and chronic inflammatory pain. Oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (OxPAPC) and its derivatives were identified in inflamed tissue by mass spectrometry and binding assays. They elicited calcium influx, hyperalgesia and induced pro-nociceptive peptide release. Genetic, pharmacological and mass spectrometric evidence in vivo as well as in vitro confirmed the role of transient receptor potential channels (TRPA1 and TRPV1) as OxPAPC targets. Treatment with the monoclonal antibody E06 or with apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide D-4F, capturing OxPAPC in atherosclerosis, prevented inflammatory hyperalgesia, and in vitro TRPA1 activation. Administration of D-4F or E06 to rats profoundly ameliorated mechanical hyperalgesia and inflammation in collagen-induced arthritis. These data reveal a clinically relevant role for OxPAPC in inflammation offering therapy for acute and chronic inflammatory pain treatment by scavenging OxPAPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Oehler
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Kistner
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Corinna Martin
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rafaela Mayer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Milad Mohammadi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Reine-Solange Sauer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Milos R Filipovic
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,University of Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
| | - Francisco R Nieto
- Wolfson CARD, King's College London, Guys' Campus, London, United Kingdom.,University of Granada, Department of Pharmacology, Granada, Spain
| | - Jan Kloka
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Diana Pflücke
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hill
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Schaefer
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marzia Malcangio
- Wolfson CARD, King's College London, Guys' Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter W Reeh
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Brack
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Blum
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Heike L Rittner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
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10
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TRP Channels in Skin Biology and Pathophysiology. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9040077. [PMID: 27983625 PMCID: PMC5198052 DOI: 10.3390/ph9040077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels of the Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) family mediate the influx of monovalent and/or divalent cations into cells in response to a host of chemical or physical stimuli. In the skin, TRP channels are expressed in many cell types, including keratinocytes, sensory neurons, melanocytes, and immune/inflammatory cells. Within these diverse cell types, TRP channels participate in physiological processes ranging from sensation to skin homeostasis. In addition, there is a growing body of evidence implicating abnormal TRP channel function, as a product of excessive or deficient channel activity, in pathological skin conditions such as chronic pain and itch, dermatitis, vitiligo, alopecia, wound healing, skin carcinogenesis, and skin barrier compromise. These diverse functions, coupled with the fact that many TRP channels possess pharmacologically accessible sites, make this family of proteins appealing therapeutic targets for skin disorders.
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Stanisz H, Vultur A, Herlyn M, Roesch A, Bogeski I. The role of Orai-STIM calcium channels in melanocytes and melanoma. J Physiol 2016; 594:2825-35. [PMID: 26864956 DOI: 10.1113/jp271141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium signalling within normal and cancer cells regulates many important cellular functions such as migration, proliferation, differentiation and cytokine secretion. Store operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) via the Ca(2+) release activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels, which are composed of the plasma membrane based Orai channels and the endoplasmic reticulum stromal interaction molecules (STIMs), is a major Ca(2+) entry route in many cell types. Orai and STIM have been implicated in the growth and metastasis of multiple cancers; however, while their involvement in cancer is presently indisputable, how Orai-STIM-controlled Ca(2+) signals affect malignant transformation, tumour growth and invasion is not fully understood. Here, we review recent studies linking Orai-STIM Ca(2+) channels with cancer, with a particular focus on melanoma. We highlight and examine key molecular players and the signalling pathways regulated by Orai and STIM in normal and malignant cells, we expose discrepancies, and we reflect on the potential of Orai-STIMs as anticancer drug targets. Finally, we discuss the functional implications of future discoveries in the field of Ca(2+) signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedwig Stanisz
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Adina Vultur
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Meenhard Herlyn
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis, Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander Roesch
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Ivan Bogeski
- Department of Biophysics, CIPMM, School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
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AM251 induces apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in A375 human melanoma cells. Anticancer Drugs 2015; 26:754-62. [PMID: 25974027 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Human cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive and chemotherapy-resistant type of cancer. AM251 is a cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor antagonist/inverse agonist with off-target antitumor activity against pancreatic and colon cancer cells. The current study aimed to characterize the in-vitro antimelanoma activity of AM251. The BRAF V600E mutant melanoma cell line, A375, was used as an in-vitro model system. Characterization tools included a cell viability assay, nuclear morphology assessment, gene expression, western blot, flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD double staining, cell cycle analyses, and measurements of changes in intracellular cAMP and calcium concentrations. AM251 exerted a marked cytotoxic effect against A375 human melanoma cells with potency comparable with that observed for cisplatin without significant changes in the human dermal fibroblasts viability. AM251, at a concentration that approximates the IC50, downregulated genes encoding antiapoptotic proteins (BCL2 and survivin) and increased transcription levels of proapoptotic BAX, induced alteration of Annexin V reactivity, DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation in the cell nuclei, and G2/M phase arrest.AM251 also induced a 40% increase in the basal cAMP levels, but it did not affect intracellular calcium concentrations. The involvement of GPR55, TRPA1, and COX-2 in the AM251 mechanism of action was excluded. The combination of AM251 with celecoxib produced a synergistic antitumor activity, although the mechanism underlying this effect remains to be elucidated. This study provides the first evidence of a proapoptotic effect and G2/M cell cycle arrest of AM251 on A375 cells. This compound may be a potential prototype for the development of promising diarylpyrazole derivatives to be evaluated in human cutaneous melanoma.
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13
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Antitumor phenylpropanoids found in essential oils. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:392674. [PMID: 25949996 PMCID: PMC4408748 DOI: 10.1155/2015/392674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The search for new bioactive substances with anticancer activity and the understanding of their mechanisms of action are high-priorities in the research effort toward more effective treatments for cancer. The phenylpropanoids are natural products found in many aromatic and medicinal plants, food, and essential oils. They exhibit various pharmacological activities and have applications in the pharmaceutical industry. In this review, the anticancer potential of 17 phenylpropanoids and derivatives from essential oils is discussed. Chemical structures, experimental report, and mechanisms of action of bioactive substances are presented.
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14
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Caterina MJ. TRP channel cannabinoid receptors in skin sensation, homeostasis, and inflammation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2014; 5:1107-16. [PMID: 24915599 PMCID: PMC4240254 DOI: 10.1021/cn5000919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
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In
the skin, cannabinoid lipids, whether of endogenous or exogenous
origin, are capable of regulating numerous sensory, homeostatic, and
inflammatory events. Although many of these effects are mediated by
metabotropic cannabinoid receptors, a growing body of evidence has
revealed that multiple members of the transient receptor potential
(TRP) ion channel family can act as “ionotropic cannabinoid
receptors”. Furthermore, many of these same TRP channels are
intimately involved in cutaneous processes that include the initiation
of pain, temperature, and itch perception, the maintenance of epidermal
homeostasis, the regulation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands,
and the modulation of dermatitis. Ionotropic cannabinoid receptors
therefore represent potentially attractive targets for the therapeutic
use of cannabinoids to treat sensory and dermatological diseases.
Furthermore, the interactions between neurons and other cell types
that are mediated by cutaneous ionotropic cannabinoid receptors are
likely to be recapitulated during physiological and pathophysiological
processes in the central nervous system and elsewhere, making the
skin an ideal setting in which to dissect general complexities of
cannabinoid signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Caterina
- Departments of Neurosurgery,
Biological Chemistry, and Neuroscience, Neurosurgery Pain Research
Institute, Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 725 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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15
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Bellono NW, Oancea EV. Ion transport in pigmentation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 563:35-41. [PMID: 25034214 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Skin melanocytes and ocular pigment cells contain specialized organelles called melanosomes, which are responsible for the synthesis of melanin, the major pigment in mammals. Defects in the complex mechanisms involved in melanin synthesis and regulation result in vision and pigmentation deficits, impaired development of the visual system, and increased susceptibility to skin and eye cancers. Ion transport across cellular membranes is critical for many biological processes, including pigmentation, but the molecular mechanisms by which it regulates melanin synthesis, storage, and transfer are not understood. In this review we first discuss ion channels and transporters that function at the plasma membrane of melanocytes; in the second part we consider ion transport across the membrane of intracellular organelles, with emphasis on melanosomes. We discuss recently characterized lysosomal and endosomal ion channels and transporters associated with pigmentation phenotypes. We then review the evidence for melanosomal channels and transporters critical for pigmentation, discussing potential molecular mechanisms mediating their function. The studies investigating ion transport in pigmentation physiology open new avenues for future research and could reveal novel molecular mechanisms underlying melanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W Bellono
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States
| | - Elena V Oancea
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States.
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16
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Bodkin JV, Thakore P, Aubdool AA, Liang L, Fernandes ES, Nandi M, Spina D, Clark JE, Aaronson PI, Shattock MJ, Brain SD. Investigating the potential role of TRPA1 in locomotion and cardiovascular control during hypertension. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2014; 2:e00052. [PMID: 25505598 PMCID: PMC4186440 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotelemetry was used to investigate the in vivo cardiovascular and activity phenotype of both TRPA1 (transient receptor potential ankyrin 1) wild-type (WT) and TRPA1 knockout (KO) mice. After baseline recording, experimental hypertension was induced using angiotensin II infusion (1.1 mg(-1) kg(-1) a day, for 14 days). TRPA1 WT and KO mice showed similar morphological and functional cardiovascular parameters, including similar basal blood pressure (BP), heart rate, size, and function. Similar hypertension was also displayed in response to angiotensin II (156 ± 7 and 165 ± 11 mmHg, systolic BP ± SEM, n = 5-6). TRPA1 KO mice showed increased hypertensive hypertrophy (heart weight:tibia length: 7.3 ± 1.6 mg mm(-1) vs. 8.8 ± 1.7 mg mm(-1)) and presented with blunted interleukin 6 (IL-6) production compared with hypertensive WT mice (151 ± 24 vs. 89 ± 16 pg mL(-1)). TRPA1 expression in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurones was upregulated during hypertension (163% of baseline expression). Investigations utilizing the TRPA1 agonist cinnamaldehyde (CA) on mesenteric arterioles isolated from näive mice suggested a lack of TRPA1-dependent vasoreactivity in this vascular bed; a site with notable ability to alter total peripheral resistance. However, mesenteric arterioles isolated from TRPA1 KO hypertensive mice displayed significantly reduced ability to relax in response to nitric oxide (NO) (P < 0.05). Unexpectedly, naïve TRPA1 KO mice also displayed physical hyperactivity traits at baseline, which was exacerbated during hypertension. In conclusion, our study provides a novel cardiovascular characterization of TRPA1 KO mice in a model of hypertension. Results suggest that TRPA1 has a limited role in global cardiovascular control, but we demonstrate an unexpected capacity for TRPA1 to regulate physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer V Bodkin
- Cardiovascular Division, BHF Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, School of Medicine, King's College London London, SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - Pratish Thakore
- Cardiovascular Division, BHF Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, School of Medicine, King's College London London, SE1 9NH, U.K ; Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Biomedical Sciences, King's College London London, SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - Aisah A Aubdool
- Cardiovascular Division, BHF Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, School of Medicine, King's College London London, SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - Lihuan Liang
- Cardiovascular Division, BHF Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, School of Medicine, King's College London London, SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - Elizabeth S Fernandes
- Cardiovascular Division, BHF Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, School of Medicine, King's College London London, SE1 9NH, U.K ; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Ceuma São Luís, Brazil
| | - Manasi Nandi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Biomedical Sciences, King's College London London, SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - Domenico Spina
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Biomedical Sciences, King's College London London, SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - James E Clark
- Cardiovascular Division, BHF Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, School of Medicine, King's College London London, SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - Philip I Aaronson
- Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology Division, School of Medicine, King's College London London, SE1 1UL, U.K
| | - Michael J Shattock
- Cardiovascular Division, BHF Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, School of Medicine, King's College London London, SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - Susan D Brain
- Cardiovascular Division, BHF Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, School of Medicine, King's College London London, SE1 9NH, U.K
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17
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Abstract
The use of medicinal plants or other naturally derived products to relieve illness can be traced back over several millennia, and these natural products are still extensively used nowadays. Studies on natural products have, over the years, enormously contributed to the development of therapeutic drugs used in modern medicine. By means of the use of these substances as selective agonists, antagonists, enzyme inhibitors or activators, it has been possible to understand the complex function of many relevant targets. For instance, in an attempt to understand how pepper species evoke hot and painful actions, the pungent and active constituent capsaicin (from Capsicum sp.) was isolated in 1846 and the receptor for the biological actions of capsaicin was cloned in 1997, which is now known as TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 1). Thus, TRPV1 agonists and antagonists have currently been tested in order to find new drug classes to treat different disorders. Indeed, the transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins are targets for several natural compounds, and antagonists of TRPs have been synthesised based on the knowledge of naturally derived products. In this context, this chapter focuses on naturally derived compounds (from plants and animals) that are reported to be able to modulate TRP channels. To clarify and make the understanding of the modulatory effects of natural compounds on TRPs easier, this chapter is divided into groups according to TRP subfamilies: TRPV (TRP vanilloid), TRPA (TRP ankyrin), TRPM (TRP melastatin), TRPC (TRP canonical) and TRPP (TRP polycystin). A general overview on the naturally derived compounds that modulate TRPs is depicted in Table 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Carla Meotti
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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18
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Saul S, Stanisz H, Backes CS, Schwarz EC, Hoth M. How ORAI and TRP channels interfere with each other: interaction models and examples from the immune system and the skin. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 739:49-59. [PMID: 24291108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Four types of Ca(2+) selective ion channels are known, ten voltage gated Ca(2+) (CaV) channels, four CatSper channels, three store operated CRAC channels (ORAI channels) and at least two members of the TRPV subfamily (TRPV5, TRPV6). Some of the other TRP channels also show some Ca(2+) selectivity like certain splice variants of TRPM3. In addition to Ca(2+) selective channels, various cation channels play an important role for Ca(2+) entry and furthermore, they may also regulate Ca(2+) entry through other channels by modulating the membrane potential or other means as outlined in this review. Of the different types of cation channels, TRP channels form one of the most prominent families of non-selective cation channels with functional relevance in electrically non-excitable and electrically excitable cell types. Among these, the seven channels of the TRPC subfamily are rather non-selective with very modest Ca(2+) selectivity, whereas in the other subfamilies, cation selectivity ranges from monovalent selectivity (i.e. TRPM4, TRPM5) to divalent selectivity (i.e. TRPM6, TRPM7) or Ca(2+) selectivity (i.e. TRPV5, TRPV6). Rather than discussing the heavily reviewed individual functions of ORAI or TRP channels, we summarize data and present models how TRP and ORAI may functionally interact to guide cellular functions. We focus on T lymphocytes representing a more ORAI-dominated tissue and skin as model system in which both ORAI and TRP channel have been reported to control relevant functions. We present several interaction models how ORAI and TRP may interfere with each other's function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Saul
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Hedwig Stanisz
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Christian S Backes
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Eva C Schwarz
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Markus Hoth
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
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19
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Schaefer EA, Stohr S, Meister M, Aigner A, Gudermann T, Buech TR. Stimulation of the chemosensory TRPA1 cation channel by volatile toxic substances promotes cell survival of small cell lung cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 85:426-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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Nilius B, Appendino G. Spices: the savory and beneficial science of pungency. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 164:1-76. [PMID: 23605179 DOI: 10.1007/112_2013_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Spicy food does not only provide an important hedonic input in daily life, but has also been anedoctically associated to beneficial effects on our health. In this context, the discovery of chemesthetic trigeminal receptors and their spicy ligands has provided the mechanistic basis and the pharmacological means to investigate this enticing possibility. This review discusses in molecular terms the connection between the neurophysiology of pungent spices and the "systemic" effects associated to their trigeminality. It commences with a cultural and historical overview on the Western fascination for spices, and, after analysing in detail the mechanisms underlying the trigeminality of food, the main dietary players from the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of cation channels are introduced, also discussing the "alien" distribution of taste receptors outside the oro-pharingeal cavity. The modulation of TRPV1 and TRPA1 by spices is next described, discussing how spicy sensations can be turned into hedonic pungency, and analyzing the mechanistic bases for the health benefits that have been associated to the consumption of spices. These include, in addition to a beneficial modulation of gastro-intestinal and cardio-vascular function, slimming, the optimization of skeletal muscle performance, the reduction of chronic inflammation, and the prevention of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. We conclude by reviewing the role of electrophilic spice constituents on cancer prevention in the light of their action on pro-inflammatory and pro-cancerogenic nuclear factors like NFκB, and on their interaction with the electrophile sensor protein Keap1 and the ensuing Nrf2-mediated transcriptional activity. Spicy compounds have a complex polypharmacology, and just like any other bioactive agent, show a balance of beneficial and bad actions. However, at least for moderate consumption, the balance seems definitely in favour of the positive side, suggesting that a spicy diet, a caveman-era technology, could be seriously considered in addition to caloric control and exercise as a measurement to prevent and control many chronic diseases associate to malnutrition from a Western diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Nilius
- KU Leuven Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Leuven, Belgium,
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21
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Schulze A, Oehler B, Urban N, Schaefer M, Hill K. Apomorphine is a bimodal modulator of TRPA1 channels. Mol Pharmacol 2012; 83:542-51. [PMID: 23220749 DOI: 10.1124/mol.112.081976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Apomorphine is a non-narcotic derivative of morphine, which acts as a dopamine agonist and is clinically used to treat "off-states" in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease. Adverse effects of apomorphine treatment include severe emesis and nausea, and ulceration and pain at the injection site. We wanted to test whether sensory transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a molecular target for apomorphine. Here, we show that rTRPV1, rTRPV2, rTRPV3, and mTRPV4, as well as hTRPM8, and rTRPM3, which are expressed in dorsal root ganglion neurons, are insensitive toward apomorphine treatment. This also applied to the cellular redox sensor hTRPM2. On the contrary, human TRPA1 could be concentration-dependently modulated by apomorphine. Whereas the addition of apomorphine in the low micromolar range produced an irreversible activation of the channel, application of higher concentrations caused a reversible voltage-dependent inhibition of heterologously expressed TRPA1 channels, resulting from a reduction of single-channel open times. In addition, we provide evidence that apomorphine also acts on endogenous TRPA1 in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons from rats and in the enterochromaffin model cell line QGP-1, from which serotonin is released upon activation of TRPA1. Our study shows that human TRPA1 is a target for apomorphine, suggesting that an activation of TRPA1 might contribute to adverse side effects such as nausea and painful injections, which can occur during treatment with apomorphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Schulze
- Rudolf-Boehm Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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