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Yadav S, Pandey A, Mali SN. From lab to nature: Recent advancements in the journey of gastroprotective agents from medicinal chemistry to phytotherapy. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 272:116436. [PMID: 38704935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Peptic ulcer, affecting 10 % of the global population, results from imbalances in gastric juice pH and diminished mucosal defences. Key underlying factors are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and Helicobacter pylori infection, undermining mucosal resistance. Traditional treatments like proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine-2 (H2) receptor antagonists exhibit drawbacks such as adverse effects, relapses, and drug interactions. This review extensively explores the ethnomedicinal, synthetic and pharmacological facets of various potential peptic ulcer treatments. Rigorous methodologies involving electronic databases, and chemical structure verification via 'PubChem' and 'SciFinder' enhance the review's credibility. The provided information, spanning medicinal insights to intricate pharmacological mechanisms, establishes a robust groundwork for future research and the development of plant-derived or synthetic molecules for peptic ulcers, offering a promising alternative to conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Anima Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Suraj N Mali
- School of Pharmacy, D.Y. Patil University (Deemed to be University), Sector 7, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, 400706, India.
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2
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The extract of Celtis choseniana Nakai alleviates testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia through inhibiting 5α reductase type 2 and the Akt/NF-κB/AR pathway. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:518-526. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60178-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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3
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Ardalani H, Hadipanah A, Sahebkar A. Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Peptic Ulcer Disease: A Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:662-702. [PMID: 31880244 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666191227151939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is the most common disorder of the stomach and duodenum, which is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. PUD occurs due to an imbalance between offensive and defensive factors and Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI), Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and antibiotics are frequently used for the treatment. Recently, medicinal plants have emerged as efficacious, safe and widely available alternative therapies for PUD. The aim of this review was to study the medicinal plants and phytochemicals, which have been used for PUD treatment to evaluate the potential role of natural compounds to develop herbal remedies for PUD. Information was obtained using a literature search of electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Sci Finder, Reaxys and Cochrane. Common and scientific names of the plants and keywords such as 'peptic ulcer', 'gastric ulcer', 'stomach ulcer' and 'duodenal ulcer' were used for search. Eventually, 279 plants from 89 families were identified and information on the plant families, part of the plant used, chemical constituents, extracts, ulcer model used and dosage were abstracted. The results indicated that most of the anti-PUD plants were from Asteraceae (7.1%) and Fabaceae (6.8%) families while flavonoids (49%), tannins (13%), saponins (10%) and alkaloids (9%) were the most common natural compounds in plants with anti-PUD activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Ardalani
- Department of Horticulture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Department Agroecology, Aarhus University, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Amin Hadipanah
- Department of Horticulture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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4
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Guo H, Chen B, Yan Z, Gao J, Tang J, Zhou C. Metabolites profiling and pharmacokinetics of troxipide and its pharmacodynamics in rats with gastric ulcer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13619. [PMID: 32788674 PMCID: PMC7423950 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70312-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Troxipide is widely used to treat gastric ulcer (GU) in the clinic. However, a lack of systematic metabolic, pharmacokinetic and pharmacological studies limits its clinical use. This study aimed to firstly explore the metabolic, pharmacokinetic and pharmacological mechanisms of troxipide in rats with GU compared to normal control (NC) rats. First, metabolic study was perormed by a highly selective, high-resolution mass spectrometry method. A total of 45 metabolites, including 9 phase I metabolites and 36 phase II metabolites, were identified based on MS/MS spectra. Subsequently, the pharmacokinetics results suggested that the Cmax, Ka, t1/2, AUC(0-t) and AUC(0-∞) of troxipide were significantly increased in rats with GU compared with NC rats. The Vz, K10 and absolute bioavailability of troxipide were obviously decreased in rats with GU compared with NC rats, and its tissue distribution (in the liver, lung and kidney) was significantly different between the two groups of rats. Additionally, the pharmacodynamic results suggested that the levels of biochemical factors (IL-17, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, AP-1, MTL, GAS, and PG-II) were significantly increased, the PG-Ӏ level was obviously decreased, and the protein expression levels of HSP-90, C-Cas-3 and C-PARP-1 were markedly increased in rats with GU compared with NC rats. The above results suggested that the therapeutic mechanisms underlying the metabolic, pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties of troxipide in vivo in rats deserve further attention based on the importance of troxipide in the treatment of GU in this study, and these mechanisms could be targets for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, 180 WuSi Road, Lianchi District, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Baohua Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, 180 WuSi Road, Lianchi District, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Zihan Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, 180 WuSi Road, Lianchi District, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Jian Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, 180 WuSi Road, Lianchi District, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Jiamei Tang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, 180 WuSi Road, Lianchi District, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Chengyan Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, 180 WuSi Road, Lianchi District, Baoding, 071002, China.
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5
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Mousavi T, Hadizadeh N, Nikfar S, Abdollahi M. Drug discovery strategies for modulating oxidative stress in gastrointestinal disorders. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 15:1309-1341. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1791077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taraneh Mousavi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Hadizadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shekoufeh Nikfar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Zhou D, Yang Q, Tian T, Chang Y, Li Y, Duan LR, Li H, Wang SW. Gastroprotective effect of gallic acid against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats: Involvement of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and anti-apoptosis role. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 126:110075. [PMID: 32179202 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, GA) is a phenolic compound found in many medicinal plants traditionally used in China or patent medicine such as Feiyangchangweiyan capsule (FY capsule) for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases for decades. However, the evidence for the gastroprotective effect of GA is deficient and the pharmacological mechanisms remain limited. The present investigation was initiated to demonstrate the gastroprotective effect and to understand potential underlying mechanism of GA on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Gastric ulcers were induced by absolute ethanol (5 mL/kg, i.g.) in male Sprague-Dawley rats, GA (10, 30, and 50 mg/kg), FY capsule (0.4 g/kg) and 30 mg/kg Lansoprazole was administered orally. Physiological saline and lansoprazole were used as negative and positive control, respectively. Induction of rats with ethanol resulted in a significant rise in ulcer index, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines markers (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α), TBARS, protein expression of Bax and Caspase-3 and a significant reduction in the activities or levels of endogenous antioxidants (SOD, CAT and GSH), gastric mucosal protective factors (PGE2 and NO) and protein expression of Bcl-2. Pretreatment with GA showed a remarkable decrease in ulcer index, inflammatory cytokines markers, TBARS, protein expression of Bax and Caspase-3 and a significant increase in the activities of endogenous antioxidants, levels of PGE2 and NO, and protein expression of Bcl-2, Nrf2 and HO-1 when compared with ethanol treated groups. This study demonstrated the gastroprotective effect of Gallic acid and FY capsule on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. The underlying mechanism of GA and FY capsule against gastric ulcer in rats caused by ethanol might be involved in Nrf2/HO-1 anti-oxidative pathway and ultimately played an anti-apoptotic role through regulating Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhou
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710054, China; Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Pharmacy, Northwest Women and Children Hospital, Xi'an, 710061 China
| | - Yao Li
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Lin-Rui Duan
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Si-Wang Wang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; College of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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7
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Amparo TR, Seibert JB, Vieira PMDA, Teixeira LFM, Santos ODHD, de Souza GHB. Herbal medicines to the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections: advantages of the multi-targets action. Phytother Res 2019; 34:94-103. [PMID: 31713305 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The research for new treatments of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) is important due to their high prevalence and number of hospitalizations. The purpose of this review is to address the pathophysiology of SSTIs to highlight the advantages of herbal medicines to their treatment, showing examples of species and compounds with multi-targets action. SSTIs have a complex physiopathology involving the microorganism, as well as inflammation and difficult healing. Therefore, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and healing activities are an approach possible for their treatment. Herbal medicines have a wide diversity of biological compounds, mainly phenolic compounds that may act on different targets and also have synergism between them. Therefore, a single medicine may have the four key activities that allied allow eliminating the infection, control the inflammation process and accelerating the healing process, preventing complications with chronic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Roquete Amparo
- Programa de Pós graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CIPHARMA, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Janaína Brandão Seibert
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paula Melo de Abreu Vieira
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Medeiros Teixeira
- Programa de Pós graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CIPHARMA, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Orlando David Henrique Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CIPHARMA, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Programa de Pós Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Henrique Bianco de Souza
- Programa de Pós graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CIPHARMA, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Programa de Pós Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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8
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Wang Y, Hong F, Li D, Qi J, Liu X. A novel strategy for evaluation of natural products acting on the myeloperoxidase/hypochlorous acid system by combining high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection-chemiluminescence and ultrafiltration-mass spectrometry techniques. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:4222-4232. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Jiangsu key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research; School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Fang Hong
- Jiangsu key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research; School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Jiangsu key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research; School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Jin Qi
- Jiangsu key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research; School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xuming Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
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9
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Nascimento AM, Maria-Ferreira D, de Souza EFJ, de Souza LM, Sassaki GL, Iacomini M, de P. Werner MF, Cipriani TR. Gastroprotective effect and chemical characterization of a polysaccharide fraction from leaves of Croton cajucara. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 95:153-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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10
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Chen P, Shen Y, Shi H, Ma X, Lin B, Xiao T, Wu F, Zhu J, Li Z, Xiao J, Li X, Zhang H, Geng F. Gastroprotective effects of Kangfuxin-against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer via attenuating oxidative stress and ER stress in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 260:S0009-2797(16)30509-9. [PMID: 27983966 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and ER stress play a role in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer. Kangfuxin (KFX) has been used to treat gastric ulcer in patients. However, the underlying mechanisms of KFX action remain unclear. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the gastroprotective effects of KFX and to determine its potential mechanisms. Ethanol-induced gastric ulcer mouse model was employed. Ethanol pretreated mice were treated with low (0.02 g/kg) and high (0.05 g/kg) dose of KFX for 14 days. Cimetidine (0.8 g/kg) was used as positive control. Histological evaluation of the gastric mucosa revealed that mice treated with ethanol exhibited severe gastric mucosal damage. Ethanol treatment increased plasma and gastric MDA level, decreased plasma and gastric SOD activity, and reduced gastric HO-1 and GCL-c mRNA levels. ER stress markers (CHOP, GRP78, and caspase 12) were up-regulated upon ethanol administration. Moreover, increased cell apoptosis and pro-apoptotic protein Bax and caspase 3 were observed in ethanol treated mice, while the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl 2 was inhibited. Finally, KFX treatment reversed ethanol-induced phenotypes and ameliorated gastric ulcer. Our results demonstrated that the gastroprotective effects of KFX against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer could be attributed to its anti-oxidative stress, anti-ER stress and anti-apoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pianpian Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yongmei Shen
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Hongxue Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiuying Ma
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Beibei Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Tong Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Fenzan Wu
- Science and Education Division, Cixi People's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, 315300, China
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zhengmao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Funeng Geng
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, 610000, China.
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Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits angiotensin II-induced C-reactive protein generation through interfering with the AT 1-ROS-ERK1/2 signaling pathway in hepatocytes. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2016; 389:1225-1234. [PMID: 27492718 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-016-1279-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation plays a key role in many chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and liver diseases. As a representative inflammatory molecule, C-reactive protein (CRP) is mainly produced in the liver. Hepatic CRP plays a direct role in the inflammatory hepatic diseases and in development of atherosclerosis when entering into the blood circulation. In the present study, we observed the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on Ang II-induced CRP generation in hepatocytes and the molecular mechanism. Rats were delivered with the subcutaneous infusion of Ang II and/or intragastric administration of EGCG for 7 days. Hepatocytes were pretreated with EGCG before stimulation with Ang II in vitro. CRP level in the serum and liver was determined with ELISA and the immunohistochemical staining. RNA and protein expressions were determined using RT-PCR and Western blot. The in vivo experiment confirmed that EGCG reduced not only CRP generation in the liver of Ang II-infused rats but also serum CRP level. The in vitro results showed that pretreatment of hepatocytes with EGCG inhibited Ang II-induced mRNA and protein expression of CRP in a concentration-dependent manner. Further study exhibited that EGCG downregulated AT1 expression, attenuated Ang II-activated phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and upregulated Ang II-inhibited peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression in vitro and in vivo. In addition, EGCG decreased Ang II-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in hepatocytes. These demonstrate that EGCG is able to inhibit Ang II-induced CRP generation by interfering with AT1-ROS-ERK1/2 signal pathway in hepatocytes, which provides the new evidence and mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effect of EGCG.
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