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Bhardwaj R, Morris B, Matschke K, Bertz R, Croop R, Liu J. A Drug-Drug Interaction Study to Evaluate the Impact of Rimegepant on OCT2- and MATE1-Mediated Transport of Metformin in Healthy Participants. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2024; 13:465-473. [PMID: 38174905 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Rimegepant is a calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist approved for migraine treatment. This phase 1, open-label, single-center, fixed-sequence study evaluated the effect of rimegepant on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of metformin. Twenty-eight healthy participants received metformin 500 mg twice daily from Days 1 to 4 and Days 7 to 10, and once daily on Days 5 and 11. Rimegepant, 75 mg tablet, was administered once daily from Days 9 to 12. At pre-specified time points, plasma metformin concentration, serum glucose levels, and safety and tolerability were evaluated. A 16% increase in the area under the plasma metformin concentration-time curve (AUC) for 1 dosing interval (AUC0-τ,ss), a statistically insignificant increase in maximum and minimum steady-state metformin concentration (Cmax,ss and Cmin,ss), and a decrease in metformin renal clearance were observed on Day 11 following metformin-rimegepant coadministration compared with metformin alone; however, the changes were not clinically relevant. Additionally, coadministration of rimegepant with metformin did not induce clinically meaningful change in the maximum observed glucose concentration (Gmax) or AUCgluc compared with metformin alone. Overall, rimegepant and metformin coadministration did not result in clinically relevant changes in metformin PK, renal clearance, or the antihyperglycemic effects of metformin. Rimegepant is considered safe for use with metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beth Morris
- Biohaven Pharmaceuticals Inc., New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Robert Croop
- Biohaven Pharmaceuticals Inc., New Haven, CT, USA
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Chang C, Vong C, Wang X, Hazra A, Diehl A, Nicholas T, Mukherjee A. Tofacitinib pharmacokinetics in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2024; 13:599-611. [PMID: 38298058 PMCID: PMC11015083 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.13104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
These analyses characterized tofacitinib pharmacokinetics (PKs) in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Data were pooled from phase I (NCT01513902), phase III (NCT02592434), and open-label, long-term extension (NCT01500551) studies of tofacitinib tablet/solution (weight-based doses administered twice daily [b.i.d.]) in patients with JIA aged 2 to less than 18 years. Population PK modeling used a nonlinear mixed-effects approach, with covariates identified using stepwise forward-inclusion backward-deletion procedures. Simulations were performed to derive dosing recommendations for children and adolescents with JIA. Two hundred forty-six pediatric patients were included in the population PK model. A one-compartment model with first-order elimination and absorption with body weight as a covariate for oral clearance and apparent volume of distribution sufficiently described the data. Oral solution was associated with comparable average concentration (Cavg) and slightly higher (113.9%) maximum concentration (Cmax) versus tablet, which was confirmed by a subsequent randomized, open-label, bioavailability study conducted in healthy adult participants (n = 12) by demonstrating adjusted geometric mean ratios (90% confidence interval) between oral solution and tablet of 1.04 (1.00-1.09) and 1.10 (1.00-1.21) for area under the curve extrapolated to infinity and Cmax, respectively (NCT04111614). A dosing regimen of 3.2 mg b.i.d. solution in patients 10 to less than 20 kg, 4 mg b.i.d. solution in patients 20 to less than 40 kg, and 5 mg b.i.d. tablet/solution in patients greater than or equal to 40 kg, irrespective of age, was proposed to achieve constant Cavg across weight groups. In summary, population PK characterization informed a simplified tofacitinib dosing regimen that has been implemented in pediatric patients with JIA.
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Yu A, Hazra A, Jiao JJ, Hellemans P, Mitselos A, Tian H, Ruixo JJP, Haddish-Berhane N, Ouellet D, Russu A. Demonstrating Bioequivalence for Two Dose Strengths of Niraparib and Abiraterone Acetate Dual-Action Tablets Versus Single Agents: Utility of Clinical Study Data Supplemented with Modeling and Simulation. Clin Pharmacokinet 2024; 63:511-527. [PMID: 38436924 PMCID: PMC11052869 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-023-01340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The combination of niraparib and abiraterone acetate (AA) plus prednisone is under investigation for the treatment of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). Regular-strength (RS) and lower-strength (LS) dual-action tablets (DATs), comprising niraparib 100 mg/AA 500 mg and niraparib 50 mg/AA 500 mg, respectively, were developed to reduce pill burden and improve patient experience. A bioequivalence (BE)/bioavailability (BA) study was conducted under modified fasting conditions in patients with mCRPC to support approval of the DATs. METHODS This open-label randomized BA/BE study (NCT04577833) was conducted at 14 sites in the USA and Europe. The study had a sequential design, including a 21-day screening phase, a pharmacokinetic (PK) assessment phase comprising three periods [namely (1) single-dose with up to 1-week run-in, (2) daily dose on days 1-11, and (3) daily dose on days 12-22], an extension where both niraparib and AA as single-agent combination (SAC; reference) or AA alone was continued from day 23 until discontinuation, and a 30-day follow-up phase. Patients were randomly assigned in a parallel-group design (four-sequence randomization) to receive a single oral dose of niraparib 100 mg/AA 1000 mg as a LS-DAT or SAC in period 1, and patients continued as randomized into a two-way crossover design during periods 2 and 3 where they received niraparib 200 mg/AA 1000 mg once daily as a RS-DAT or SAC. The design was powered on the basis of crossover assessment of RS-DAT versus SAC. During repeated dosing (periods 2 and 3, and extension phase), all patients also received prednisone/prednisolone 5 mg twice daily. Plasma samples were collected for measurement of niraparib and abiraterone plasma concentrations. Statistical assessment of the RS-DAT and LS-DAT versus SAC was performed on log-transformed pharmacokinetic parameters data from periods 2 and 3 (crossover) and from period 1 (parallel), respectively. Additional paired analyses and model-based bioequivalence assessments were conducted to evaluate the similarity between the LS-DAT and SAC. RESULTS For the RS-DAT versus SAC, the 90% confidence intervals (CI) of geometric mean ratios (GMR) for maximum concentration at a steady state (Cmax,ss) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0-24 h at a steady state (AUC 0-24h,ss) were respectively 99.18-106.12% and 97.91-104.31% for niraparib and 87.59-106.69 and 86.91-100.23% for abiraterone. For the LS-DAT vs SAC, the 90% CI of GMR for AUC0-72h of niraparib was 80.31-101.12% in primary analysis, the 90% CI of GMR for Cmax,ss and AUC 0-24h,ss of abiraterone was 85.41-118.34% and 86.51-121.64% respectively, and 96.4% of simulated LS-DAT versus SAC BE trials met the BE criteria for both niraparib and abiraterone. CONCLUSIONS The RS-DAT met BE criteria (range 80%-125%) versus SAC based on 90% CI of GMR for Cmax,ss and AUC 0-24h,ss. The LS-DAT was considered BE to SAC on the basis of the niraparib component meeting the BE criteria in the primary analysis for AUC 0-72h; abiraterone meeting the BE criteria in additional paired analyses based on Cmax,ss and AUC 0-24h,ss; and the percentage of simulated LS-DAT versus SAC BE trials meeting the BE criteria for both. CLINICALTRIALS GOV IDENTIFIER NCT04577833.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Yu
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, 1400 McKean Rd, Springhouse, PA, USA.
| | - Anasuya Hazra
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, 1400 McKean Rd, Springhouse, PA, USA
- Regeneron, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - James Juhui Jiao
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, 920 US Highway 202, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | - Peter Hellemans
- Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Research and Development BE, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Anna Mitselos
- Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Research and Development BE, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Hui Tian
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, 1400 McKean Rd, Springhouse, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Daniele Ouellet
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, 1400 McKean Rd, Springhouse, PA, USA
| | - Alberto Russu
- Janssen-Cilag SpA, Via Michelangelo Buonarroti 23, 20093, Cologno Monzese, Italy
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van der Heijden LT, Steeghs N, Beijnen JH, Huitema ADR, Dorlo TPC. The use of microtracers in food-effect trials: An alternative study design for toxic drugs with long half-lives exemplified by the case for alectinib. Clin Transl Sci 2023; 16:2557-2564. [PMID: 37828717 PMCID: PMC10719472 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The traditional design of food-effect studies has a high patient burden for toxic drugs with long half-lives (e.g., anticancer agents). Microtracers could be used to assess food-effect in patients without influencing their ongoing treatment. The feasibility of a microtracer food-effect study during steady-state of the therapeutic drug was investigated in an in silico simulation study with alectinib as an example for a relative toxic drug with a long half-life. Microtracer pharmacokinetics were simulated based on a previously published population pharmacokinetic model and used for estimation of a model with and a model without food as a covariate on oral bioavailability of alectinib (assuming a 40% food-effect). Power was defined as the fraction of clinical trials where a significant (p < 0.01) food-effect was identified. The proposed study design of 10 patients on steady-state treatment, 10 blood samples collected within 24 h after administration and an assumed food-effect of 40% had a power of 99.9%. The mean estimated food-effect was 39.8% (80% confidence interval: 31.0%-48.6%). The feasibility of microtracer food-effect studies was demonstrated. The design of the microtracer food-effect study allowed estimation of the food-effect with minimal influence on therapeutic treatment and reducing patient burden compared to the traditional study design for toxic drugs with long half-lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. T. van der Heijden
- Department of Pharmacy & PharmacologyAntoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Division of PharmacologyAntoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - N. Steeghs
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Clinical PharmacologyAntoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital/The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - J. H. Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy & PharmacologyAntoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Division of PharmacologyAntoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Division of Pharmaco‐epidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - A. D. R. Huitema
- Department of Pharmacy & PharmacologyAntoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Division of PharmacologyAntoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of PharmacologyPrincess Maxima CenterUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - T. P. C. Dorlo
- Department of Pharmacy & PharmacologyAntoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Division of PharmacologyAntoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of PharmacyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
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Ogawa T, Mita S, Atluri H, Iwaki Y. Population Pharmacokinetic and Exposure-Safety Analyses of Ibrutinib for the Treatment of Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease. J Clin Pharmacol 2023; 63:613-621. [PMID: 36597869 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The population pharmacokinetic (PK) and exposure-response (E-R) analyses for the safety of ibrutinib for the treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is presented. This work aims to develop a population PK model for ibrutinib based on data from clinical studies in subjects with cGVHD, to evaluate the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on PK parameters as well as systemic exposure levels, and to assess an E-R relationship for selected safety end points. Pooled data from 162 subjects with cGVHD enrolled in 4 clinical studies were included in the population PK analysis. In the studies, an ibrutinib dose of 420 mg once daily was administered orally. With the exception of 1 study, the study protocols instructed for a reduction of the ibrutinib dose to 140 or 280 mg once daily, depending on concomitant CYP3A inhibitor use. Concomitant CYP3A inhibitor use was found to be a primary covariate for relative bioavailability (F1): the F1 value increased 2.22-fold with concomitant moderate CYP3A inhibitors and 3.09-fold with concomitant strong CYP3A inhibitors, compared with the F1 value in the absence of CYP3A inhibitors. In addition, Japanese ethnicity led to an F1 value that was 1.70-fold higher than that in the non-Japanese population. Simulations using the final PK model suggest that ibrutinib exposure was appropriately controlled within the therapeutic range in the entire cGVHD population by applying dose reductions depending on the use of CYP3A inhibitors, and that additional dose modification for the Japanese population would not be required. The subsequent E-R analysis suggests no apparent association between the systemic exposure to ibrutinib and the selected safety end points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Ogawa
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Mita
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harisha Atluri
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yuki Iwaki
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhu Y, Wang T, Zhao N, Jiang W. High-resolution accurate mass approach to characterization of SCO-267 metabolites using liquid chromatography hybrid quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2022; 36:e9325. [PMID: 35560672 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE SCO-267 is a potent full agonist of G-protein-coupled receptor 40. As a promising therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes mellitus, it is necessary to elucidate its metabolite profiles during the stage of drug development for safety considerations. METHODS The in vitro metabolism was investigated by incubating SCO-267 (5 μM) with liver microsomes and hepatocytes (rat and human). For in vivo metabolism, SCO-267 (10 mg/kg) was orally administered to rats and plasma samples were collected. The metabolites were identified via measurements of accurate mass, elemental composition and product ions using liquid chromatography coupled to hybrid quadrupole Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-Orbitrap-MS). RESULTS A total of 19 metabolites were structurally identified. M2 (hydroxyl-SCO-267), M15 (SCO-267-acyl-glucuronide), M16 (desmethyl-SCO-267) and M17 (desneopentyl-SCO-267) were verified with reference standards. M2, M11, M16 and M17 were the major metabolites originating from hydroxylation, O-demethylation and N-dealkylation, respectively. Phenotyping study with recombinant human P450 enzymes demonstrated that hydroxylation (M2 and M11) was mainly catalyzed by CYP2C8 and 3A4; demethylation (M16) was mainly catalyzed by CYP2D6, and less catalyzed by CYP2C8 and 3A4; and N-dealkylation (M17) was exclusively triggered by CYP3A4. CONCLUSIONS Hydroxylation, O-demethylation, N-dealkylation and acyl glucuronidation were the major metabolic pathways of SCO-267. This study is the first to discover the metabolic fates of SCO-267, which provides a basis for safety assessment of this drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Wenya Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province, Zhangjiagang, China
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Saleh MAA, Bloemberg JS, Elassaiss-Schaap J, de Lange ECM. Drug Distribution in Brain and Cerebrospinal Fluids in Relation to IC 50 Values in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease, Using the Physiologically Based LeiCNS-PK3.0 Model. Pharm Res 2022; 39:1303-1319. [PMID: 35606598 PMCID: PMC9246802 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03281-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Very little knowledge exists on the impact of Alzheimer’s disease on the CNS target site pharmacokinetics (PK). Aim To predict the CNS PK of cognitively healthy young and elderly and of Alzheimer’s patients using the physiologically based LeiCNS-PK3.0 model. Methods LeiCNS-PK3.0 was used to predict the PK profiles in brain extracellular (brainECF) and intracellular (brainICF) fluids and cerebrospinal fluid of the subarachnoid space (CSFSAS) of donepezil, galantamine, memantine, rivastigmine, and semagacestat in young, elderly, and Alzheimer’s patients. The physiological parameters of LeiCNS-PK3.0 were adapted for aging and Alzheimer’s based on an extensive literature search. The CNS PK profiles at plateau for clinical dose regimens were related to in vitro IC50 values of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, N-methyl-D-aspartate, or gamma-secretase. Results The PK profiles of all drugs differed between the CNS compartments regarding plateau levels and fluctuation. BrainECF, brainICF and CSFSAS PK profile relationships were different between the drugs. Aging and Alzheimer’s had little to no impact on CNS PK. Rivastigmine acetylcholinesterase IC50 values were not reached. Semagacestat brain PK plateau levels were below the IC50 of gamma-secretase for half of the interdose interval, unlike CSFSAS PK profiles that were consistently above IC50. Conclusion This study provides insights into the relations between CNS compartments PK profiles, including target sites. CSFSAS PK appears to be an unreliable predictor of brain PK. Also, despite extensive changes in blood-brain barrier and brain properties in Alzheimer’s, this study shows that the impact of aging and Alzheimer’s pathology on CNS distribution of the five drugs is insignificant. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11095-022-03281-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A A Saleh
- Division of Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Julia S Bloemberg
- Division of Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Elassaiss-Schaap
- Division of Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- PD-value B.V., Houten, The Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth C M de Lange
- Division of Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Zhang H, Ou YC, Su D, Wang F, Wang L, Sahasranaman S, Tang Z. In vitro investigations into the roles of CYP450 enzymes and drug transporters in the drug interactions of zanubrutinib, a covalent Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00870. [PMID: 34664792 PMCID: PMC8524670 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Zanubrutinib is a highly selective, potent, orally available, targeted covalent inhibitor (TCI) of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). This work investigated the in vitro drug metabolism and transport of zanubrutinib, and its potential for clinical drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Phenotyping studies indicated cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A are the major CYP isoform responsible for zanubrutinib metabolism, which was confirmed by a clinical DDI study with itraconazole and rifampin. Zanubrutinib showed mild reversible inhibition with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) of 4.03, 5.69, and 7.80 μM for CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19, respectively. Data in human hepatocytes disclosed induction potential for CYP3A4, CYP2B6, and CYP2C enzymes. Transport assays demonstrated that zanubrutinib is not a substrate of human breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)1B1/1B3, organic cation transporter (OCT)2, or organic anion transporter (OAT)1/3 but is a potential substrate of the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Additionally, zanubrutinib is neither an inhibitor of P-gp at concentrations up to 10.0 μM nor an inhibitor of BCRP, OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OAT1, and OAT3 at concentrations up to 5.0 μM. The in vitro results with CYPs and transporters were correlated with the available clinical DDIs using basic models and mechanistic static models. Zanubrutinib is not likely to be involved in transporter-mediated DDIs. CYP3A inhibitors and inducers may impact systemic exposure of zanubrutinib. Dose adjustments may be warranted depending on the potency of CYP3A modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dan Su
- BeiGene (Beijing) Co., LtdBeijingChina
| | - Fan Wang
- BeiGene (Beijing) Co., LtdBeijingChina
| | - Lai Wang
- BeiGene (Beijing) Co., LtdBeijingChina
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Scheible H, Dyroff M, Seithel‐Keuth A, Harrison‐Moench E, Mammasse N, Port A, Bachmann A, Dong J, van Lier JJ, Tracewell W, Mitchell D. Evobrutinib, a covalent Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor: Mass balance, elimination route, and metabolism in healthy participants. Clin Transl Sci 2021; 14:2420-2430. [PMID: 34374206 PMCID: PMC8604242 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly selective, covalent Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor evobrutinib is under investigation for treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Early clinical studies in healthy participants and patients with relapsing MS indicated that evobrutinib is well-tolerated and effective. We undertook a mass balance study in six men who received a single 75-mg oral dose of evobrutinib containing ~ 3.6 MBq (100 μCi) 14 C-evobrutinib, to determine the absorption, metabolic pathways, and routes of excretion of evobrutinib. The primary objectives of this phase I study (NCT03725072) were to (1) determine the rates and routes of total radioactivity excretion, including the mass balance of total drug-related radioactivity in urine and feces, (2) assess the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of total radioactivity in blood and plasma, and (3) characterize the plasma PKs of evobrutinib. Exploratory end points included identifying and quantifying evobrutinib and its metabolites in plasma and excreta (urine and feces) and exploring key biotransformation pathways and clearance mechanisms. Evobrutinib was primarily eliminated in feces (arithmetic mean percentage, SD, 71.0, 2.1) and, to a lesser extent, in urine (20.6, 2.0), with most of the total radioactivity (85.3%) excreted in the first 72 h after administration. No unchanged evobrutinib was detected in excreta. Evobrutinib was rapidly absorbed and substantially metabolized upon absorption. Only one major metabolite M463-2 (MSC2430422) was identified in plasma above the 10% of total drug exposure threshold, which classifies M463-2 (MSC2430422) as a major metabolite according to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA; metabolites in safety testing [MIST]) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA; International Conference on Harmonization [ICH] M3). These results support further development of evobrutinib and may help inform subsequent investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Andreas Port
- The healthcare business of Merck KGaADarmstadtGermany
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Wang K, Wu JJ, Xin-Zhang, Zeng QX, Zhang N, Huang WJ, Tang S, Wang YX, Kong WJ, Wang YC, Li YH, Song DQ. Discovery and evolution of 12N-substituted aloperine derivatives as anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents through targeting late entry stage. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105196. [PMID: 34333425 PMCID: PMC8318836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
So far, there is still no specific drug against COVID-19. Taking compound 1 with anti-EBOV activity as the lead, fifty-four 12N-substituted aloperine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities using pseudotyped virus model. Among them, 8a exhibited the most potential effects against both pseudotyped and authentic SARS-CoV-2, as well as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, indicating a broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus profile. The mechanism study disclosed that 8a might block a late stage of viral entry, mainly via inhibiting host cathepsin B activity rather than directly targeting cathepsin B protein. Also, 8a could significantly reduce the release of multiple inflammatory cytokines in a time- and dose-dependent manner, such as IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8 and MCP-1, the major contributors to cytokine storm. Therefore, 8a is a promising agent with the advantages of broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus and anti-cytokine effects, thus worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jia-Jing Wu
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC) and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Xin-Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qing-Xuan Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei-Jin Huang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC) and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Sheng Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yan-Xiang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei-Jia Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - You-Chun Wang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC) and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Ying-Hong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance & Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Dan-Qing Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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Wang Z, Zhang M, Quereda V, Frydman SM, Ming Q, Luca VC, Duckett DR, Ji H. Discovery of an Orally Bioavailable Small-Molecule Inhibitor for the β-Catenin/B-Cell Lymphoma 9 Protein-Protein Interaction. J Med Chem 2021; 64:12109-12131. [PMID: 34382808 PMCID: PMC8817233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is strongly associated with many diseases including cancer invasion and metastasis. Small-molecule targeting of the central signaling node of this pathway, β-catenin, is a biologically rational approach to abolish hyperactivation of β-catenin signaling but has been demonstrated to be a difficult task. Herein, we report a drug-like small molecule, ZW4864, that binds with β-catenin and selectively disrupts the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between B-cell lymphoma 9 (BCL9) and β-catenin while sparing the β-catenin/E-cadherin PPI. ZW4864 dose-dependently suppresses β-catenin signaling activation, downregulates oncogenic β-catenin target genes, and abrogates invasiveness of β-catenin-dependent cancer cells. More importantly, ZW4864 shows good pharmacokinetic properties and effectively suppresses β-catenin target gene expression in the patient-derived xenograft mouse model. This study offers a selective chemical probe to explore β-catenin-related biology and a drug-like small-molecule β-catenin/BCL9 disruptor for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612-9497, United States
| | - Min Zhang
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612-9497, United States
| | - Victor Quereda
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612-9497, United States
| | - Sylvia M Frydman
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612-9497, United States
| | - Qianqian Ming
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612-9497, United States
| | - Vincent C Luca
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612-9497, United States
| | - Derek R Duckett
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612-9497, United States
| | - Haitao Ji
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612-9497, United States
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12
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Akce M, El-Khoueiry A, Piha-Paul SA, Bacque E, Pan P, Zhang ZY, Ewesuedo R, Gupta D, Tang Y, Milton A, Zajic S, Judson PL, O'Bryant CL. Pharmacokinetics and safety of niraparib in patients with moderate hepatic impairment. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2021; 88:825-836. [PMID: 34324028 PMCID: PMC8484145 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04329-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to characterize niraparib pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety in patients with normal hepatic function (NHF) versus moderate hepatic impairment (MHI). METHODS Patients with advanced solid tumors were stratified by NHF or MHI (National Cancer Institute-Organ Dysfunction Working Group criteria [bilirubin > 1.5-3 × upper limit of normal and any aspartate aminotransferase elevation]). In the PK phase, all patients received one 300 mg dose of niraparib. In the extension phase, patients with MHI received niraparib 200 mg daily; patients with NHF received 200 or 300 mg based on weight (< 77 kg, ≥ 77 kg)/platelets (< 150,000/µL, ≥ 150,000/µL). PK parameters included maximum concentration (Cmax), area under the curve to last measured concentration (AUClast) and extrapolated to infinity (AUCinf). Safety was assessed in both phases. Exposure-response (E-R) modeling was used to predict MHI effects on exposure and safety of niraparib doses ≤ 200 mg or 300/200 mg or 200/100 mg weight/platelet regimens. RESULTS In the PK phase (NHF, n = 9; MHI, n = 8), mean niraparib Cmax was 7% lower in patients with MHI versus NHF. Mean exposure (AUClast, AUCinf) was increased by 45% and 56%, respectively, in patients with MHI without impacting tolerability. In the extension phase (NHF, n = 8; MHI, n = 7), the overall safety profile was consistent with previous trials. In patients with MHI, E-R modeling predicted niraparib 200 mg reduced Grade ≥ 3 thrombocytopenia incidence, whereas a 200/100 mg regimen yielded exposures below efficacy-associated levels in 15% of patients. CONCLUSION These findings support adjusting the 300 mg niraparib starting dose to 200 mg QD in patients with MHI. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03359850; registered December 2, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Akce
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anthony El-Khoueiry
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Peng Pan
- GlaxoSmithKline, Waltham, MA, USA
- EQRx, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhi-Yi Zhang
- GlaxoSmithKline, Waltham, MA, USA
- Dyne Therapeutics, Waltham, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ashley Milton
- GlaxoSmithKline, Waltham, MA, USA
- Mersana Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Cindy L O'Bryant
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Mail Stop C238, 12850 East Montview Blvd., V20-1223, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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13
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Insect repellents. Med Lett Drugs Ther 2021; 63:108-12. [PMID: 34543260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
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14
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Jáklová K, Feglarová T, Rex S, Heger Z, Eckschlager T, Hraběta J, Hodek P, Kolárik M, Indra R. Apoferritin/Vandetanib Association Is Long-Term Stable But Does Not Improve Pharmacological Properties of Vandetanib. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084250. [PMID: 33923880 PMCID: PMC8074211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A tyrosine kinase inhibitor, vandetanib (Van), is an anticancer drug affecting the signaling of VEGFR, EGFR and RET protooncogenes. Van is primarily used for the treatment of advanced or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer; however, its usage is significantly limited by side effects, particularly cardiotoxicity. One approach to minimize them is the encapsulation or binding of Van in- or onto a suitable carrier, allowing targeted delivery to tumor tissue. Herein, we constructed a nanocarrier based on apoferritin associated with Van (ApoVan). Based on the characteristics obtained by analyzing the average size, the surface ζ-potential and the polydispersive index, ApoVan nanoparticles exhibit long-term stability and maintain their morphology. Experiments have shown that ApoVan complex is relatively stable during storage. It was found that Van is gradually released from its ApoVan form into the neutral environment (pH 7.4) as well as into the acidic environment (pH 6.5). The effect of free Van and ApoVan on neuroblastoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma cell lines revealed that both forms were toxic in both used cell lines, and minimal differences between ApoVan and Van were observed. Thus, we assume that Van might not be encapsulated into the cavity of apoferritin, but instead only binds to its surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Jáklová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (K.J.); (T.F.); (P.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Tereza Feglarová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (K.J.); (T.F.); (P.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Simona Rex
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.R.); (Z.H.)
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.R.); (Z.H.)
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Eckschlager
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84/1, 150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic; (T.E.); (J.H.)
| | - Jan Hraběta
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84/1, 150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic; (T.E.); (J.H.)
| | - Petr Hodek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (K.J.); (T.F.); (P.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Matúš Kolárik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (K.J.); (T.F.); (P.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Radek Indra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (K.J.); (T.F.); (P.H.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-221-951-285
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15
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Wang Y, Wang X, Xu G, Gou S. Novel CK2-Specific Pt(II) Compound Reverses Cisplatin-Induced Resistance by Inhibiting Cancer Cell Stemness and Suppressing DNA Damage Repair in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treatments. J Med Chem 2021; 64:4163-4178. [PMID: 33784109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have a pivotal impact in drug resistance, tumor metastasis, and progression of various cancer entities, including in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A CK2 inhibitor HY1 was found to show potent CSC inhibitory effects in A549 cells. By taking advantage of inherent CK2 specificity and CSC inhibition of HY1, a Pt(II) agent (HY1-Pt) was developed by conjugation of HY1 with an active Pt(II) unit to reverse cisplatin-induced resistance in A549/cDDP cell treatment. In vitro biological studies indicated that HY1-Pt can target CK2, suppress DNA damage repair, reinforce cellular accumulation of platinum, and reverse resistance apart from effectively inhibiting CSCs through Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway in A549/cDDP cells. Significantly, HY1-Pt presented an acceptable pharmacokinetic behavior and exhibited higher tumor growth inhibitory efficacy than cisplatin either in A549 or A549/cDDP xenograft models with low toxicity. Overall, HY1-Pt is a promising drug candidate for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjiang Wang
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
| | - Gang Xu
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
| | - Shaohua Gou
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
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16
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Safina BS, McKerrall SJ, Sun S, Chen CA, Chowdhury S, Jia Q, Li J, Zenova AY, Andrez JC, Bankar G, Bergeron P, Chang JH, Chang E, Chen J, Dean R, Decker SM, DiPasquale A, Focken T, Hemeon I, Khakh K, Kim A, Kwan R, Lindgren A, Lin S, Maher J, Mezeyova J, Misner D, Nelkenbrecher K, Pang J, Reese R, Shields SD, Sojo L, Sheng T, Verschoof H, Waldbrook M, Wilson MS, Xie Z, Young C, Zabka TS, Hackos DH, Ortwine DF, White AD, Johnson JP, Robinette CL, Dehnhardt CM, Cohen CJ, Sutherlin DP. Discovery of Acyl-sulfonamide Na v1.7 Inhibitors GDC-0276 and GDC-0310. J Med Chem 2021; 64:2953-2966. [PMID: 33682420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nav1.7 is an extensively investigated target for pain with a strong genetic link in humans, yet in spite of this effort, it remains challenging to identify efficacious, selective, and safe inhibitors. Here, we disclose the discovery and preclinical profile of GDC-0276 (1) and GDC-0310 (2), selective Nav1.7 inhibitors that have completed Phase 1 trials. Our initial search focused on close-in analogues to early compound 3. This resulted in the discovery of GDC-0276 (1), which possessed improved metabolic stability and an acceptable overall pharmacokinetics profile. To further derisk the predicted human pharmacokinetics and enable QD dosing, additional optimization of the scaffold was conducted, resulting in the discovery of a novel series of N-benzyl piperidine Nav1.7 inhibitors. Improvement of the metabolic stability by blocking the labile benzylic position led to the discovery of GDC-0310 (2), which possesses improved Nav selectivity and pharmacokinetic profile over 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Safina
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Steven J McKerrall
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Shaoyi Sun
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Chien-An Chen
- Chempartner, Building No. 5, 998 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Sultan Chowdhury
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Qi Jia
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Jun Li
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Alla Y Zenova
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Jean-Christophe Andrez
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Girish Bankar
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Philippe Bergeron
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jae H Chang
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Elaine Chang
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Jun Chen
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Richard Dean
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Shannon M Decker
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Antonio DiPasquale
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Thilo Focken
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Ivan Hemeon
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Kuldip Khakh
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Amy Kim
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Rainbow Kwan
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Andrea Lindgren
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Sophia Lin
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Jonathan Maher
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Janette Mezeyova
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Dinah Misner
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Karen Nelkenbrecher
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Jodie Pang
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Rebecca Reese
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Shannon D Shields
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Luis Sojo
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Tao Sheng
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Henry Verschoof
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Matthew Waldbrook
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Michael S Wilson
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Zhiwei Xie
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Clint Young
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Tanja S Zabka
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - David H Hackos
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Daniel F Ortwine
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Andrew D White
- Chempartner, Building No. 5, 998 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - J P Johnson
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - C Lee Robinette
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Christoph M Dehnhardt
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Charles J Cohen
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Daniel P Sutherlin
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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17
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Ou YC, Liu L, Tariq B, Wang K, Jindal A, Tang Z, Gao Y, Sahasranaman S. Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of the BTK Inhibitor Zanubrutinib in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With B-Cell Malignancies. Clin Transl Sci 2021; 14:764-772. [PMID: 33306268 PMCID: PMC7993273 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Zanubrutinib is a potent, second-generation Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is currently being investigated in patients with B-cell malignancies and recently received accelerated approval in the United States for treatment of relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma. The objective of this analysis was to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model to characterize the PKs of zanubrutinib and identify the potential impact of intrinsic and extrinsic covariates on zanubrutinib PK. Data across nine clinical studies of patients with B-cell malignancies and data of healthy volunteers (HVs) were included in this analysis, at total daily doses ranging from 20 to 320 mg. In total, 4,925 zanubrutinib plasma samples from 632 subjects were analyzed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. Zanubrutinib PKs were adequately described by a two-compartment model with sequential zero-order then first-order absorption, and first-order elimination. A time-dependent residual error model was implemented in order to better capture the observed maximum concentration variability in subjects. Baseline alanine aminotransferase and health status (HVs or patients with B-cell malignancies) were identified as statistically significant covariates on the PKs of zanubrutinib. These factors are unlikely to be clinically meaningful based on a sensitivity analysis. No statistically significant differences in the PKs of zanubrutinib were observed based on age, sex, race (Asian, white, and other), body weight, mild or moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance ≥ 30 mL/minute as estimated by Cockcroft-Gault), baseline aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin, tumor type, or use of acid-reducing agents (including proton pump inhibitors). These results support that no dose adjustment is considered necessary based on the aforementioned factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucy Liu
- Shanghai Qiangshi Information Technology Co., LtdShanghaiChina
| | | | - Kun Wang
- Shanghai Qiangshi Information Technology Co., LtdShanghaiChina
| | | | | | - Yuying Gao
- Shanghai Qiangshi Information Technology Co., LtdShanghaiChina
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18
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Saint-Georges Z, Zayed VK, Dinelle K, Cassidy C, Soucy JP, Massarweh G, Rotstein B, Nery PB, Guimond S, deKemp R, Tuominen L. First-in-human imaging and kinetic analysis of vesicular acetylcholine transporter density in the heart using [ 18F]FEOBV PET. J Nucl Cardiol 2021; 28:50-54. [PMID: 32909238 PMCID: PMC7921026 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-020-02323-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to cardiac sympathetic activity which can be assessed with established PET tracers, there are currently no suitable radioligands to measure cardiac parasympathetic (cholinergic) activity. A radioligand able to measure cardiac cholinergic activity would be an invaluable clinical and research tool since cholinergic dysfunction has been associated with a wide array of pathologies (e.g., chronic heart failure, myocardial infarction, arrythmias). [18F]Fluoroethoxybenzovesamicol (FEOBV) is a cholinergic radiotracer that has been extensively validated in the brain. Whether FEOBV PET can be used to assess cholinergic activity in the heart is not known. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the properties of FEOBV for cardiac PET imaging and cholinergic activity mapping. PET data were collected for 40 minutes after injection of 230 ± 50 MBq of FEOBV in four healthy participants (1 female; Age: 37 ± 10; BMI: 25 ± 2). Dynamic LV time activity curves were fitted with Logan graphical, 1-tissue compartment, and 2-tissue compartment models, yielding similar distribution volume estimates for each participant. Our initial data show that FEOBV PET has favorable tracer kinetics for quantification of cholinergic activity and is a promising new method for assessing parasympathetic function in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacharie Saint-Georges
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Vanessa K Zayed
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Katie Dinelle
- Brain Imaging Centre, The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Clifford Cassidy
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Soucy
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gassan Massarweh
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Benjamin Rotstein
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Pablo B Nery
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Synthia Guimond
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Robert deKemp
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lauri Tuominen
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Stankowska DL, Millar JC, Kodati B, Behera S, Chaphalkar RM, Nguyen T, Nguyen KT, Krishnamoorthy RR, Ellis DZ, Acharya S. Nanoencapsulated hybrid compound SA-2 with long-lasting intraocular pressure-lowering activity in rodent eyes. Mol Vis 2021; 27:37-49. [PMID: 33633438 PMCID: PMC7883929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease of the eye with an estimated prevalence of more than 111.8 million patients worldwide by 2040, with at least 6 to 8 million projected to become bilaterally blind. Clinically, the current method of slowing glaucomatous vision loss is to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP). In this manuscript, we describe the in vitro cytoprotective and in vivo long lasting IOP-lowering activity of the poly D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticle-encapsulated hybrid compound SA-2, possessing nitric oxide (NO) donating and superoxide radical scavenging functionalities. Methods Previously characterized primary human trabecular meshwork (hTM) cells were used for the study. hTM cells were treated with SA-2 (100 µM, 200 µM, and 1,000 µM), SA-2 PLGA-loaded nanosuspension (SA-2 NPs, 0.1%), or vehicle for 30 min. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and super oxide dismutase (SOD) levels were analyzed using commercial kits. In another experiment, hTM cells were pretreated with tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP, 300 µM) for 30 min followed by treatment with escalating doses of SA-2 for 24 h, and CellTiter 96 cell proliferation assay was performed. For the biodistribution study, the cornea, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, retina, choroid, and sclera were collected after 1 h of administration of a single eye drop (30 μl) of SA-2 NPs (1% w/v) formulated in PBS to rat (n = 6) eyes. Compound SA-2 was quantified using high performance liquid chromatography /mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS). For the IOP-lowering activity study, a single SA-2 NPs (1%) eye drop was instilled in normotensive rats eyes and in the IOP-elevated rat eyes (n = 3/group, in the Morrison model of glaucoma), or Ad5TGFβ2-induced ocular hypertensive (OHT) mouse eyes (n = 5/group). IOP was measured at various time points up to 72 h, and the experiment was repeated in triplicate. Mouse aqueous humor outflow facility was determined with multiple flow-rate infusion and episcleral venous pressure estimated with manometry. Results SA-2 upregulated cGMP levels (six- to ten-fold) with an half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of 20.3 µM in the hTM cells and simultaneously upregulated (40-fold) the SOD enzyme when compared with the vehicle-treated hTM cells. SA-2 also protected hTM cells from TBHP-induced decrease in cell survival with an EC50 of 0.38 µM. A single dose of slow-release SA-2 NPs (1% w/v) delivered as an eye drop significantly lowered IOP (by 30%) in normotensive and OHT rodent eyes after 3 h post-dose, with the effect lasting up to 72 h. A statistically significant increase in aqueous outflow facility and a decrease in episcleral venous pressure was observed in rodents at this dose at 54 h. Conclusions Hybrid compound SA-2 upregulated cGMP in hTM cells, increased outflow facility and decreased IOP in rodent models of OHT. Compound SA-2 possessing an antioxidant moiety provided additive cytoprotective activity to oxidatively stressed hTM cells by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increasing SOD enzyme activity. Additionally, the PLGA nanosuspension formulation (SA-2 NPs) provided longer duration of IOP-lowering activity (up to 3 days) in comparison with the free non-encapsulated SA-2 drug. The data have implications for developing novel, non-prostaglandin therapeutics for IOP-lowering and cytoprotective effects with the possibility of an eye drop dosing regimen of once every 3 days for patients with glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota L Stankowska
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - J Cameron Millar
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Bindu Kodati
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Sumita Behera
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Renuka M Chaphalkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Tam Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX
| | - Kytai T Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX
| | - Raghu R Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Dorette Z Ellis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Suchismita Acharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
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Nangare S, Dugam S, Patil P, Tade R, Jadhav N. Silk industry waste protein: isolation, purification and fabrication of electrospun silk protein nanofibers as a possible nanocarrier for floating drug delivery. Nanotechnology 2021; 32:035101. [PMID: 32932237 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abb8a9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Amongst assorted regio-selective and targeted oral drug delivery strategies accepted for the gastro-retentive drug delivery system (GRDDS), the floating drug delivery system (FDDS) holds a major share as clinically accepted formulations. The major objective of the present investigation was to explore the silk industry waste protein, silk fibroin (SF) as a possible electrospun nanocarrier for the FDDS. In a nutshell, electrospinning (ES) is one of the flexible and astonishing strategies for the fabrication of porous electrospun nanofibers (NFs), which offers the potential to amend the floating profile, dissolution rate, solubility, and release patterns of the drug, etc as per compendial requirements. Looking at the prospects of floating SF-NFs preparation, we have isolated and lyophilized the SF from industrial waste cocoons and prepared drug-loaded SF single polymer nanofibers (SPN). Lafutidine (LF) being a good candidate for GRDDS selected as a model drug, which is an excellent proton pump inhibitor, mainly used in the treatment of gastric ulcers. Finally, the obtained LF loaded SF-NFs (LF-SF-NFs) were successfully analyzed for physicochemical characteristics, porosity, swelling index, antioxidant activity, mucoadhesion strength, floating properties, enzymatic degradation, and accelerated stability study, etc. Further, these LF-SF-NFs were evaluated for percent drug content, weight variation, in-vitro dissolution in 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (HCl, pH:1.2) and fasted state simulated gastric fluid (FSSGF), and accelerated stability study. It has shown significant floating time >18 h, about 99% ± 0.58% floating buoyancy with sustained release up to 24 h. LF-SF-NFs showed good compatibility, entrapment efficiency, antioxidant activity, mucoadhesion strength, enzymatic degradation, and long term stability. Soon, the essential floating and drug release profiles can claim single polymer (SF) based electrospun protein NFs as a possible novel oral nanocarrier for FDDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sopan Nangare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416013, India
| | - Shailesh Dugam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416013, India
| | - Pravin Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India
| | - Rahul Tade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India
| | - Namdeo Jadhav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416013, India
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Yu D, Kan Z, Shan F, Zang J, Zhou J. Triple Strategies to Improve Oral Bioavailability by Fabricating Coamorphous Forms of Ursolic Acid with Piperine: Enhancing Water-Solubility, Permeability, and Inhibiting Cytochrome P450 Isozymes. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:4443-4462. [PMID: 32926628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As a BCS IV drug, ursolic acid (UA) has low oral bioavailability mainly because of its poor aqueous solubility/dissolution, poor permeability, and metabolism by cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozymes, such as CYP3A4. Most UA preparations demonstrated a much higher dissolution than that of its crystalline form yet a low drug concentration in plasma due to their lower consideration or evaluation for the permeability and metabolism issues. In the current study, a supramolecular coamorphous system of UA with piperine (PIP) was prepared and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. In comparison to crystalline UA and UA in physical mixture, such coamorphous system enhanced solubility (5.3-7-fold in the physiological solution) and dissolution (7-8-fold in the physiological solution within 2 h) of UA and exhibited excellent physical stability under 90-day storage conditions. More importantly, the pharmacokinetic study of coamorphous UA in rats exhibited 5.8-fold and 2.47-fold improvement in AUC0-∞ value, respectively, compared with its free and mixed crystalline counterparts. In order to further explore the mechanism of such improvement, the molecular interactions of a coamorphous system in the solid state were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and density functional theory modeling suggested that intermolecular hydrogen bonds with strong interactions newly formed between UA and PIP after coamorphization. The in vitro permeability studies across Caco-2 cell monolayer and metabolism studies by rat hepatic microsomes indicated that free PIP significantly increased the permeability of UA and inhibited the enzymatic metabolism of UA by CYP3A4. However, PIP in the coamorphous combination exhibited a much lower level in the bioenhancing than its free form arising from the synchronized dissolution characteristic of the preparation (only 60% of PIP released in comparison to its free counterpart in 2 h). The in situ loop study in rats proposed that the acid-sensitive dissolution in the stomach of the coamorphous preparation helped to improve the effective free drug concentration, thereby facilitating PIP to play its role in bioenhancing. The current study offers an exploratory strategy to overcome poor solubility/dissolution, poor permeability, and metabolism by cytochrome P450 isozymes of the BCS IV drug to improve its oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Zigui Kan
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Fei Shan
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jing Zang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
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Wang B, Shen J, Zhou Q, Meng D, He Y, Chen F, Wang S, Ji W. Effects of naringenin on the pharmacokinetics of tofacitinib in rats. Pharm Biol 2020; 58:225-230. [PMID: 32202190 PMCID: PMC7144329 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1738504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Context: Naringenin and tofacitinib are often used together for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese clinics.Objective: This experiment investigates the effect of naringenin on the pharmacokinetics of tofacitinib in rats.Materials and methods: Twelve Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (experimental group and control group). The experimental group was pre-treated with naringenin (150 mg/kg/day) for two weeks before dosing tofacitinib, and equal amounts of CMC-Na solution in the control group. After a single oral administration of 5 mg/kg of tofacitinib, 50 μL blood samples were directly collected into 1.5 mL heparinized tubes via the caudal vein at 0.083, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 24 h. The plasma concentration of tofacitinib was quantified by UPLC/MS-MS.Results: Results indicated that naringenin could significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of tofacitinib. The AUC0-24 of tofacitinib was increased from 1222.81 ± 222.07 to 2016.27 ± 481.62 ng/mL/h, and the difference was significant (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the Tmax was increased from 0.75 ± 0.29 to 3.00 ± 0.00 h (p < 0.05), and the MRT(0-24) was increased from 4.90 ± 0.51 to 6.57 ± 0.66 h (p < 0.05), but the clearance was obviously decreased from 4.10 ± 0.72 to 2.42 ± 0.70 L/h/kg (p < 0.05) in experimental group. Although the Cmax and t1/2 of tofacitinib were increased, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05).Conclusions: This research demonstrated a drug-drug interaction between naringenin and tofacitinib possibly when preadministered with naringenin; thus, we should pay attention to this possibility in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
| | - Jiquan Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- The Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
| | - Deru Meng
- School of Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Youwu He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
| | - Feifei Chen
- The Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
| | - Shuanghu Wang
- The Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiping Ji
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
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Gutierrez-Villagomez JM, Campos-García T, Molina-Torres J, López MG, Vázquez-Martínez J. Alkamides and Piperamides as Potential Antivirals against the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:8008-8016. [PMID: 32840378 PMCID: PMC7485283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has quickly spread globally, infecting millions and killing hundreds of thousands of people. Herein, to identify potential antiviral agents, 97 natural amide-like compounds known as alkamides and piperamides were tested against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The docking results showed that alkamides and dimeric piperamides from Piper species have a high binding affinity and potential antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) profile and Lipinski's rule of five showed that dimeric piperamides have druglikeness potential. The molecular dynamics results showed that pipercyclobutanamide B forms a complex with Mpro at a similar level of stability than N3-I. Our overall results indicate that alkamides and piperamides, and specifically pipercyclobutanamide B, should be further studied as compounds with SARS-CoV-2 antiviral properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Gutierrez-Villagomez
- Centre Eau Terre Environnement,
Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique
(INRS), Québec City, Quebec G1K 9A9,
Canada
- Tecnológico Nacional
de México/ITS Irapuato, 36821 Irapuato,
Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Tonatiu Campos-García
- Departamento de
Biotecnología y Bioquímica,
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios
Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV) Unidad Irapuato,
36824 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Jorge Molina-Torres
- Departamento de
Biotecnología y Bioquímica,
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios
Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV) Unidad Irapuato,
36824 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Mercedes G. López
- Departamento de
Biotecnología y Bioquímica,
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios
Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV) Unidad Irapuato,
36824 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
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Schildt A, de Vries EFJ, Willemsen ATM, Moraga-Amaro R, Lima-Giacobbo B, Sijbesma JWA, Sossi V, Dierckx RAJO, Doorduin J. Modeling of [ 18F]FEOBV Pharmacokinetics in Rat Brain. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 22:931-939. [PMID: 31907846 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01466-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE [18F]Fluoroethoxybenzovesamicol ([18F]FEOBV) is a radioligand for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), a marker of the cholinergic system. We evaluated the quantification of [18F]FEOBV in rats in control conditions and after partial saturation of VAChT using plasma and reference tissue input models and test-retest reliability. PROCEDURE Ninety-minute dynamic [18F]FEOBV PET scans with arterial blood sampling were performed in control rats and rats pretreated with 10 μg/kg FEOBV. Kinetic analyses were performed using one- (1TCM) and two-tissue compartmental models (2TCM), Logan and Patlak graphical analyses with metabolite-corrected plasma input, reference tissue Patlak with cerebellum as reference tissue, standard uptake value (SUV) and SUV ratio (SUVR) using 60- or 90-min acquisition. To assess test-retest reliability, two dynamic [18F]FEOBV scans were performed 1 week apart. RESULTS The 1TCM did not fit the data. Time-activity curves were more reliably estimated by the irreversible than the reversible 2TCM for 60 and 90 min as the influx rate Ki showed a lower coefficient of variation (COV, 14-24 %) than the volume of distribution VT (16-108 %). Patlak graphical analysis showed a good fit to the data for both acquisition times with a COV (12-27 %) comparable to the irreversible 2TCM. For 60 min, Logan analysis performed comparably to both irreversible models (COV 14-32 %) but showed lower sensitivity to VAChT saturation. Partial saturation of VAChT did not affect model selection when using plasma input. However, poor correlations were found between irreversible 2TCM and SUV and SUVR in partially saturated VAChT states. Test-retest reliability and intraclass correlation for SUV were good. CONCLUSION [18F]FEOBV is best modeled using the irreversible 2TCM or Patlak graphical analysis. SUV should only be used if blood sampling is not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schildt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O Box 30.001, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O Box 30.001, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Antoon T M Willemsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O Box 30.001, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Moraga-Amaro
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O Box 30.001, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Lima-Giacobbo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O Box 30.001, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Jürgen W A Sijbesma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O Box 30.001, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Vesna Sossi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O Box 30.001, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Janine Doorduin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O Box 30.001, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands.
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Türk D, Hanke N, Wolf S, Frechen S, Eissing T, Wendl T, Schwab M, Lehr T. Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models for Prediction of Complex CYP2C8 and OATP1B1 (SLCO1B1) Drug-Drug-Gene Interactions: A Modeling Network of Gemfibrozil, Repaglinide, Pioglitazone, Rifampicin, Clarithromycin and Itraconazole. Clin Pharmacokinet 2020; 58:1595-1607. [PMID: 31129789 PMCID: PMC6885506 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-019-00777-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) and drug–gene interactions (DGIs) pose a serious health risk that can be avoided by dose adaptation. These interactions are investigated in strictly controlled setups, quantifying the effect of one perpetrator drug or polymorphism at a time, but in real life patients frequently take more than two medications and are very heterogenous regarding their genetic background. Objectives The first objective of this study was to provide whole-body physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models of important cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C8 perpetrator and victim drugs, built and evaluated for DDI and DGI studies. The second objective was to apply these models to describe complex interactions with more than two interacting partners. Methods PBPK models of the CYP2C8 and organic-anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 perpetrator drug gemfibrozil (parent–metabolite model) and the CYP2C8 victim drugs repaglinide (also an OATP1B1 substrate) and pioglitazone were developed using a total of 103 clinical studies. For evaluation, these models were applied to predict 34 different DDI studies, establishing a CYP2C8 and OATP1B1 PBPK DDI modeling network. Results The newly developed models show a good performance, accurately describing plasma concentration–time profiles, area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) values, DDI studies as well as DGI studies. All 34 of the modeled DDI AUC ratios (AUC during DDI/AUC control) and DDI Cmax ratios (Cmax during DDI/Cmax control) are within twofold of the observed values. Conclusions Whole-body PBPK models of gemfibrozil, repaglinide, and pioglitazone have been built and qualified for DDI and DGI prediction. PBPK modeling is applicable to investigate complex interactions between multiple drugs and genetic polymorphisms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s40262-019-00777-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Türk
- Clinical Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus C2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nina Hanke
- Clinical Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus C2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sarah Wolf
- Clinical Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus C2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas Wendl
- Clinical Pharmacometrics, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwab
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Lehr
- Clinical Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus C2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
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Amrhein J, Drynda S, Schlatt L, Karst U, Lohmann CH, Ciarimboli G, Bertrand J. Tofacitinib and Baricitinib Are Taken up by Different Uptake Mechanisms Determining the Efficacy of Both Drugs in RA. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186632. [PMID: 32927842 PMCID: PMC7556031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease in which synovial fibroblasts (SF) play a key role. Baricitinib and Tofacitinib both act intracellularly, blocking the ATP-binding side of JAK proteins and thereby the downstream signalling pathway via STAT-3. Therefore, we investigated the role of organic cation transporters (OCTs) in Baricitinib and Tofacitinib cellular transport. Methods: OCT expression was analysed in SF isolated from RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients, as well as peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The interaction of Baricitinib and Tofacitinib with OCTs was investigated using quenching experiments. The intracellular accumulation of both drugs was quantified using LC/MS. Target inhibition for both drugs was tested using Western blot for phosphorylated JAK1 and STAT3 upon stimulation with IL-6. Results: MATE-1 expression increased in OASF compared to RASF. The other OCTs were not differentially expressed. The transport of Baricitinib was not OCT dependent. Tofacitinib; however, was exported from RASF in a MATE-1 dependent way. Tofacitinib and Baricitinib showed comparable inhibition of downstream signalling pathways. Conclusion: We observed different cellular uptake strategies for Baricitinib and Tofacitinib. Tofacitinib was exported out of healthy cells due to the increased expression of MATE1. This might make Tofacitinib the favourable drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Amrhein
- Experimental Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (J.A.); (G.C.)
| | - Susanne Drynda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.D.); (C.H.L.)
| | - Lukas Schlatt
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (L.S.); (U.K.)
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (L.S.); (U.K.)
| | - Christoph H. Lohmann
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.D.); (C.H.L.)
| | - Giuliano Ciarimboli
- Experimental Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (J.A.); (G.C.)
| | - Jessica Bertrand
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.D.); (C.H.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-67-15804
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Islam N, Zahoor AF, Syed HK, Iqbal MS, Khan IU, Abbas G, Mushtaq M, Rehman MU, Rasul A, Ikram M, Ibrahim HM, Inam S, Irfan M. Improvement of solubility and dissolution of ebastine by fabricating phosphatidylcholine/ bile salt bilosomes. Pak J Pharm Sci 2020; 33:2301-2306. [PMID: 33832904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although ebastine (EBT) can impede histamine-induced skin allergic reaction and persuade long acting selective H1 receptor antagonistic effects but its poor water solubility circumscribed its clinical application. The main objective of this research work was to improve the aqueous solubility and oral bioavailability of EBT by preparing EBT-loaded bilosomes (EBT-PC-SDC-BS). A thin film hydration method was used to prepare ebastine loaded bilosomes. The prepared-formulations were optimized considering size, morphology and entrapment efficiency. The SEM images revealed regular and spherical shape of bilosomes. Average size of the prepared EBT-PC-SDC-BS was 665.8 nm and zeta potential was around-32.9 mV with 89.05 % average entrapment efficiency (EE).Importantly, the solubility of EBT in water was amplified up to 17.9 μg/ml compared to pure drug (2 μg/mL) reflecting a highest solubility increase of 751 %. In vitro drug release results of prepared EBT-PC-SDC-BS exhibited improved release behavior. Finally, it is established from the results that the EBT-PC-SDC-BS could function as a favorable nano-carrier system to improve the solubility as well as dissolution of EBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayyer Islam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Haroon Khalid Syed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ikram Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Mushtaq
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muzzamil Ikram
- Department of Radiology, Madinah Teaching Hospital, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sana Inam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Guo H, Chen B, Yan Z, Gao J, Tang J, Zhou C. Metabolites profiling and pharmacokinetics of troxipide and its pharmacodynamics in rats with gastric ulcer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13619. [PMID: 32788674 PMCID: PMC7423950 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70312-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Troxipide is widely used to treat gastric ulcer (GU) in the clinic. However, a lack of systematic metabolic, pharmacokinetic and pharmacological studies limits its clinical use. This study aimed to firstly explore the metabolic, pharmacokinetic and pharmacological mechanisms of troxipide in rats with GU compared to normal control (NC) rats. First, metabolic study was perormed by a highly selective, high-resolution mass spectrometry method. A total of 45 metabolites, including 9 phase I metabolites and 36 phase II metabolites, were identified based on MS/MS spectra. Subsequently, the pharmacokinetics results suggested that the Cmax, Ka, t1/2, AUC(0-t) and AUC(0-∞) of troxipide were significantly increased in rats with GU compared with NC rats. The Vz, K10 and absolute bioavailability of troxipide were obviously decreased in rats with GU compared with NC rats, and its tissue distribution (in the liver, lung and kidney) was significantly different between the two groups of rats. Additionally, the pharmacodynamic results suggested that the levels of biochemical factors (IL-17, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, AP-1, MTL, GAS, and PG-II) were significantly increased, the PG-Ӏ level was obviously decreased, and the protein expression levels of HSP-90, C-Cas-3 and C-PARP-1 were markedly increased in rats with GU compared with NC rats. The above results suggested that the therapeutic mechanisms underlying the metabolic, pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties of troxipide in vivo in rats deserve further attention based on the importance of troxipide in the treatment of GU in this study, and these mechanisms could be targets for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, 180 WuSi Road, Lianchi District, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Baohua Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, 180 WuSi Road, Lianchi District, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Zihan Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, 180 WuSi Road, Lianchi District, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Jian Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, 180 WuSi Road, Lianchi District, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Jiamei Tang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, 180 WuSi Road, Lianchi District, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Chengyan Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, 180 WuSi Road, Lianchi District, Baoding, 071002, China.
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Rood JJM, Jamalpoor A, van Hoppe S, van Haren MJ, Wasmann RE, Janssen MJ, Schinkel AH, Masereeuw R, Beijnen JH, Sparidans RW. Extrahepatic metabolism of ibrutinib. Invest New Drugs 2020; 39:1-14. [PMID: 32623551 PMCID: PMC7851014 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-020-00970-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ibrutinib is a first-in-class Bruton's kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of multiple lymphomas. In addition to CYP3A4-mediated metabolism, glutathione conjugation can be observed. Subsequently, metabolism of the conjugates and finally their excretion in feces and urine occurs. These metabolites, however, can reach substantial concentrations in human subjects, especially when CYP3A4 is inhibited. Ibrutinib has unexplained nephrotoxicity and high metabolite concentrations are also found in kidneys of Cyp3a knockout mice. Here, a mechanism is proposed where the intermediate cysteine metabolite is bioactivated. The metabolism of ibrutinib through this glutathione cycle was confirmed in cultured human renal proximal tubule cells. Ibrutinib-mediated toxicity was enhanced in-vitro by inhibitors of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance protein (MRP). This was a result of accumulating cysteine metabolite levels due to efflux inhibition. Finally, through inhibition of downstream metabolism, it was shown now that direct conjugation was responsible for cysteine metabolite toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes J M Rood
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Benu apotheek Hoorn, Pakhuisstraat 80, 1621 GL, Hoorn, The Netherlands
| | - Amer Jamalpoor
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stephanie van Hoppe
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Charles River Laboratories, Darwinweg 24, 2333 CR, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs J van Haren
- Division of Chemical Biology & Drug Development, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute of Biology, Biological Chemistry Group, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roeland E Wasmann
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Manoe J Janssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alfred H Schinkel
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rolf W Sparidans
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Division of Chemical Biology & Drug Development, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Ho CP, Borazjani A, Ross MK, Wang C. Effects of the monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor JZL184 on chickens infected with avian pathogenic Escherichia coli O78: A preliminary pharmacokinetic and infection study. Can J Vet Res 2020; 84:189-197. [PMID: 32801453 PMCID: PMC7301670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid (eCB) system modulates the degree of injury caused by inflammation, while enhancing the activity of phagocytes that promote resolution of inflammation and tissue repair. In-vitro studies with the monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibitor JZL184 have suggested that increased eCB signaling might enhance the ability of the host immune system to clear invading pathogens. Although the neurochemical effects of JZL184 on the eCB system in rodents are well-known, its immuneregulating effects are less clear, especially in chickens. The primary objective of this study was to explore whether modulating the eCB system affects immune responses in chickens. To do this, we administered JZL184 [10 and 40 mg/kg body weight (BW), intraperitoneal injection] into chickens prior to a challenge with avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) O78. Bacteria were isolated from livers, blood, air sacs, and hearts at 8, 28, and 56 h post-infection and the gross lesions in air sacs, livers, and hearts were also examined. Serum levels of JZL184 were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), which indicated that the drug was distributed systemically. The number of birds positive for airsacculitis after APEC O78 challenge was marginally higher in groups treated with JZL184 than in the control group (P = 0.064). Rather than augmenting host defense and enhancing pathogen clearance, these results suggested that JZL184 might have immunosuppressive effects that exacerbated APEC O78 infection in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherry P Ho
- Department of Basic Sciences (Ho, Borazjani, Ross, Wang), Center for Environmental Health Sciences (Borazjani, Ross), College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, 240 Wise Center Drive, P.O. Box 6100, Mississippi State, Mississippi, 39762 USA
| | - Abdolsamad Borazjani
- Department of Basic Sciences (Ho, Borazjani, Ross, Wang), Center for Environmental Health Sciences (Borazjani, Ross), College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, 240 Wise Center Drive, P.O. Box 6100, Mississippi State, Mississippi, 39762 USA
| | - Matthew K Ross
- Department of Basic Sciences (Ho, Borazjani, Ross, Wang), Center for Environmental Health Sciences (Borazjani, Ross), College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, 240 Wise Center Drive, P.O. Box 6100, Mississippi State, Mississippi, 39762 USA
| | - Chinling Wang
- Department of Basic Sciences (Ho, Borazjani, Ross, Wang), Center for Environmental Health Sciences (Borazjani, Ross), College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, 240 Wise Center Drive, P.O. Box 6100, Mississippi State, Mississippi, 39762 USA
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Lun J, Zhao P, Jiang Z, Song Y, Guo X. Enantioselective LC-MS/MS method for the determination of cloperastine enantiomers in rat plasma and its pharmacokinetic application. Chirality 2020; 32:1129-1138. [PMID: 32567749 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cloperastine is a central antitussive used to reduce the frequency and intensity of coughing on a short-term basis. In this study, a reliable chiral LC-MS/MS technology has been developed for the quantification of cloperastine enantiomers in the rat plasma. Carbinoxamine was selected as the internal standard. The enantioseparation of cloperastine was performed on a Chiralpak IA column with a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-water-ammonium hydroxide (80:20:0.1, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Cloperastine enantiomers were detected by mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode with a positive electrospray ionization source. The method was validated over the linear concentration range of 0.05 to 10.0 ng/mL (5.0 × 10-4 ng to 0.10 ng) for both enantiomers. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for each analyte was determined as 0.05 ng/mL. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of intraday and interday precision was less than 13.9%, and the relative error (RE) of accuracy ranged from -5.4% to 6.1%, which were within the acceptance criteria. Finally, an application to the stereoselective pharmacokinetics of cloperastine in rats was successfully realized in our assay. The developed method on a commercially available Chiralpak IA column under isocratic mobile phase is advantageous to analyze cloperastine enantiomers in plasma samples collected for enantioselective metabolism or drug interaction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lun
- Department School of Pharmacy, Institution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Department School of Pharmacy, Institution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen Jiang
- Department School of Pharmacy, Institution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongbo Song
- Department School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Institution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- Department School of Pharmacy, Institution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Kumar V, Bharate SS, Bhurta D, Gupta M, Gandhi SG, Singh D, Jaglan S, Kumar A, Vishwakarma RA, Bharate SB. Evaluation of rohitukine-enriched fraction of Dysoxylum binectariferum Hook.f. (leaves) as anti-arthritic phytopharmaceutical candidate: Chemical standardization, in-vivo validation, formulation development and oral pharmacokinetics. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 254:112758. [PMID: 32165175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of joints. Dysoxylum binectariferum Hook.f (Family: Meliaceae) is a Indian medicinal plant which is traditionally being used to heal inflammation of joints. AIM OF THE STUDY This work was aimed to carry out chemical standardization, in-vitro/in-vivo validation, oral pharmacokinetics and formulation development of anti-arthritic botanical lead, the rohitukine-enriched fraction of D. binectariferum. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rohitukine-enriched fraction of D. binectariferum was standardized using four chemical markers and was checked for microbial load, heavy metal content, aflatoxins and pesticides. Its in-vitro inhibitory effect on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 was studied in THP-1 cells. The in-vivo anti-arthritic activity was investigated in collagen-induced arthritis model in DBA/1J mice. The sustained release capsule formulation was developed and characterized for physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. RESULTS Rohitukine and schumaniofioside A were found to be major chemical constituents of the botanical lead. The rohitukine-enriched fraction of D. binectariferum significantly reduced the production of both pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 (>50% inhibition at 3.12 μg/mL) in THP-1 cells. In LPS-treated wild-type mice model, the rohitukine-enriched fraction at 200 mg/kg (PO, QD) completely reduced serum TNF-α levels. In transgenic mice model (collagen-induced arthritis in DBA/1J mice), rohitukine-enriched fraction at 100 mg/kg (PO, QD) dose has resulted in >75% reduction of TNF-α/IL-6 serum levels, 68% reduction in anti-mouse type II collagen IgG1 antibody levels, decreased joint proteoglycan loss and reduced paw edema in DBA/1J mice. The sustained release capsule formulation of rohitukine-enriched fraction showed sustained-release of rohitukine over the period of 24 h, and resulted in an improved plasma-exposure of rohitukine in SD rats. CONCLUSIONS The data presented herein demonstrated anti-arthritic potential of rohitukine-enriched fraction of D. binectariferum and this study will serve as the benchmark for further research on this botanical lead and developed sustained release capsule formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar
- Preformulation Laboratory, PK-PD Toxicology & Formulation Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Sonali S Bharate
- Preformulation Laboratory, PK-PD Toxicology & Formulation Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Deendyal Bhurta
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Mehak Gupta
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India; PK-PD Toxicology and Formulation Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Sumit G Gandhi
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India; Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Deepika Singh
- Quality Control and Quality Assurance Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Sundeep Jaglan
- Quality Control and Quality Assurance Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India; Microbial Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Ajay Kumar
- PK-PD Toxicology and Formulation Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Ram A Vishwakarma
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India; Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Sandip B Bharate
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India; Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
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Kushner J, Lamba M, Stock T, Wang R, Nemeth MA, Alvey C, Chen R, DeMatteo V, Blanchard A. Development and validation of a Level A in-vitro in-vivo correlation for tofacitinib modified-release tablets using extrudable core system osmotic delivery technology. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 147:105200. [PMID: 31863865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if a validated Level A in-vitro in-vivo correlation (IVIVC) could be achieved with the extrudable core system (ECS) osmotic tablet platform. Tofacitinib is an oral JAK inhibitor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS Fast-, medium-, and slow-release modified-release formulations of 11 mg tofacitinib ECS tablets, and one formulation of 22 mg tofacitinib ECS tablet, were manufactured. In vitro dissolution of the tofacitinib ECS tablets was performed using USP Apparatus 2 (paddles) and in vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) data were obtained from a Phase 1 study in healthy volunteers. A 5 mg immediate-release formulation tablet was included to support deconvolution of the tofacitinib ECS PK tablet data to obtain the in vivo absorption profiles. A linear, piecewise correlation and a simple linear correlation were used to build and validate two IVIVC models. RESULTS The prediction errors (PEs) for the linear, piecewise correlation met the Food and Drug Administration's criteria for establishing a Level A IVIVC, with a maximum absolute individual internal PE of 4.6%, a maximum absolute average internal PE of 3.9%, and a maximum absolute external PE of 8.4% obtained. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the tofacitinib ECS osmotic tablet platform can achieve a Level A IVIVC, similar to other osmotic delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kushner
- Pfizer Inc, 558 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
| | - Manisha Lamba
- Pfizer Inc, 558 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
| | - Thomas Stock
- Pfizer Inc, 500 Arcola Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA.
| | - Ronnie Wang
- Pfizer Inc, 558 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
| | | | | | - Raymond Chen
- Pfizer Inc, 558 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
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Johne A, Scheible H, Becker A, van Lier JJ, Wolna P, Meyring M. Open-label, single-center, phase I trial to investigate the mass balance and absolute bioavailability of the highly selective oral MET inhibitor tepotinib in healthy volunteers. Invest New Drugs 2020; 38:1507-1519. [PMID: 32221754 PMCID: PMC7497692 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-020-00926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tepotinib (MSC2156119J) is an oral, potent, highly selective MET inhibitor. This open-label, phase I study in healthy volunteers (EudraCT 2013-003226-86) investigated its mass balance (part A) and absolute bioavailability (part B). In part A, six participants received tepotinib orally (498 mg spiked with 2.67 MBq [14C]-tepotinib). Blood, plasma, urine, and feces were collected up to day 25 or until excretion of radioactivity was <1% of the administered dose. In part B, six participants received 500 mg tepotinib orally as a film-coated tablet, followed by an intravenous [14C]-tepotinib tracer dose (53–54 kBq) 4 h later. Blood samples were collected until day 14. In part A, a median of 92.5% (range, 87.1–96.9%) of the [14C]-tepotinib dose was recovered in excreta. Radioactivity was mainly excreted via feces (median, 78.7%; range, 69.4–82.5%). Urinary excretion was a minor route of elimination (median, 14.4% [8.8–17.7%]). Parent compound was the main constituent in excreta (45% [feces] and 7% [urine] of the radioactive dose). M506 was the only major metabolite. In part B, absolute bioavailability was 72% (range, 62–81%) after oral administration of 500 mg tablets (the dose and formulation used in phase II trials). In conclusion, tepotinib and its metabolites are mainly excreted via feces; parent drug is the major eliminated constituent. Oral bioavailability of tepotinib is high, supporting the use of the current tablet formulation in clinical trials. Tepotinib was well tolerated in this study with healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Johne
- Global Clinical Development, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Holger Scheible
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Merck KGaA, Grafing, Germany
| | - Andreas Becker
- Global Clinical Development, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jan Jaap van Lier
- Pharmaceutical Research Association (PRA), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Wolna
- Global Clinical Development, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Meyring
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Merck KGaA, Grafing, Germany
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Heinig R, Gerisch M, Bairlein M, Nagelschmitz J, Loewen S. Results from Drug-Drug Interaction Studies In Vitro and In Vivo Investigating the Effect of Finerenone on the Pharmacokinetics of Comedications. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2020; 45:433-444. [PMID: 32125665 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-020-00610-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In vivo studies were performed with the novel, selective, non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone to assess the relevance of inductive and/or inhibitory effects on cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes observed in vitro. METHODS CYP isoenzyme-specific substrates were incubated in vitro with finerenone or its metabolites to investigate reversible and irreversible inhibitory as well as inductive potential. Three crossover studies in healthy male volunteers investigated the effects of finerenone (20 mg orally) on the pharmacokinetics of the index substrates midazolam (CYP3A4, n = 30), repaglinide (CYP2C8, n = 28) and warfarin (CYP2C9, n = 24). RESULTS Finerenone caused direct inhibitory effects on CYP activities in vitro in the rank order CYP2C8, CYP1A1 > CYP3A4 > CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, but not on other major CYP isoforms. Moreover, irreversible inhibition of CYP3A4 was observed. The major metabolites of finerenone demonstrated minor reversible inhibition of CYP1A1, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 with no hint of time-dependent inhibition of any CYP isoform. Calculations from in vitro data according to regulatory guidelines suggested likely inhibition of CYP2C8 and CYP3A4 in vivo, whereas this was not the case for CYP1A1, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19. Furthermore, finerenone and three of its metabolites were inducers of CYP3A4 in vitro with predicted weak-to-moderate in vivo relevance. Studies in healthy volunteers, prompted by these results, demonstrated no effect of finerenone on CYP isoenzymes for which in vitro data had indicated potential inhibition or induction. CONCLUSION Administration of finerenone 20 mg once daily confers no risk of clinically relevant drug-drug interactions with substrates of cytochrome P450 enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Heinig
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Clinical Sciences, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Michael Gerisch
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, DMPK, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Michaela Bairlein
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, DMPK, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Johannes Nagelschmitz
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Clinical Sciences, Wuppertal, Germany
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Morosi L, Matteo C, Ceruti T, Giordano S, Ponzo M, Frapolli R, Zucchetti M, Davoli E, D'Incalci M, Ubezio P. Quantitative determination of niraparib and olaparib tumor distribution by mass spectrometry imaging. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1363-1375. [PMID: 32210725 PMCID: PMC7085221 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.41395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Optimal intratumor distribution of an anticancer drug is fundamental to reach an active concentration in neoplastic cells, ensuring the therapeutic effect. Determination of drug concentration in tumor homogenates by LC-MS/MS gives important information about this issue but the spatial information gets lost. Targeted mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has great potential to visualize drug distribution in the different areas of tumor sections, with good spatial resolution and superior specificity. MSI is rapidly evolving as a quantitative technique to measure the absolute drug concentration in each single pixel. Methods: Different inorganic nanoparticles were tested as matrices to visualize the PARP inhibitors (PARPi) niraparib and olaparib. Normalization by deuterated internal standard and a custom preprocessing pipeline were applied to achieve a reliable single pixel quantification of the two drugs in human ovarian tumors from treated mice. Results: A quantitative method to visualize niraparib and olaparib in tumor tissue of treated mice was set up and validated regarding precision, accuracy, linearity, repeatability and limit of detection. The different tumor penetration of the two drugs was visualized by MSI and confirmed by LC-MS/MS, indicating the homogeneous distribution and higher tumor exposure reached by niraparib compared to olaparib. On the other hand, niraparib distribution was heterogeneous in an ovarian tumor model overexpressing the multidrug resistance protein P-gp, a possible cause of resistance to PARPi. Conclusions: The current work highlights for the first time quantitative distribution of PAPRi in tumor tissue. The different tumor distribution of niraparib and olaparib could have important clinical implications. These data confirm the validity of MSI for spatial quantitative measurement of drug distribution providing fundamental information for pharmacokinetic studies, drug discovery and the study of resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Morosi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
| | - Cristina Matteo
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
| | - Tommaso Ceruti
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
| | - Silvia Giordano
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry
| | - Marianna Ponzo
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
| | - Roberta Frapolli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
| | - Paolo Ubezio
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
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Mohamed MF, Beck D, Camp HS, Othman AA. Preferential Inhibition of JAK1 Relative to JAK3 by Upadacitinib: Exposure-Response Analyses of Ex Vivo Data From 2 Phase 1 Clinical Trials and Comparison to Tofacitinib. J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 60:188-197. [PMID: 31448433 PMCID: PMC6973126 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Upadacitinib is a selective Janus kinase (JAK) 1 inhibitor being developed for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. This study characterizes the relationships between upadacitinib exposure and interleukin (IL)-6-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation (pSTAT3) and IL-7-induced STAT5 phosphorylation (pSTAT5) in the ex vivo setting as measures for JAK1 and JAK1/JAK3 inhibition, respectively, with comparison to tofacitinib. Drug plasma concentrations and ex vivo IL-6-induced pSTAT3 and IL-7-induced pSTAT5 in blood from subjects evaluated in 2 phase 1 studies who received immediate-release 1 mg to 48 mg upadacitinib, 5 mg twice daily (BID) tofacitinib, or placebo were determined. Exposure-response models were developed, and the effects of different upadacitinib doses on ex vivo biomarker responses were simulated and compared to tofacitinib. Upadacitinib (and tofacitinib) reversibly inhibited IL-6-induced pSTAT3 and IL-7-induced pSTAT5 in a concentration-dependent manner. Model-estimated values of 50% of the maximum effect were 60.7 nM for upadacitinib and 119 nM for tofacitinib for IL-6-induced pSTAT3 inhibition, and 125 nM for upadacitinib and 79.1 nM for tofacitinib for IL-7-induced pSTAT5 inhibition. Tofacitinib 5 mg BID is estimated to have a similar magnitude of effect on IL-6-induced pSTAT3 to ∼3 mg BID of upadacitinib (immediate-release formulation), whereas a 4-fold higher dose of upadacitinib (∼12 mg BID), is estimated to show a similar magnitude of inhibition on IL-7-induced pSTAT5 as tofacitinb 5 mg BID. This study confirms that in humans, upadacitinib has greater selectivity for JAK1 vs JAK3 relative to the rheumatoid arthritis approved dose of tofacitinib, and results from these analyses informed the selection of upadacitinib IR doses evaluated in phase 2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Denise Beck
- Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacometricsAbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KGLudwigshafen am RheinGermany
| | - Heidi S. Camp
- Immunology Clinical DevelopmentAbbVie Inc.North ChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Ahmed A. Othman
- Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacometricsAbbVie Inc.North ChicagoIllinoisUSA
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Zhang J, Zheng H, Gao Y, Lou G, Yin R, Ji D, Li W, Wang W, Xia B, Wang D, Hou J, Yan J, Hei Y, Zhang Z, Milton A, Wu X. Phase I Pharmacokinetic Study of Niraparib in Chinese Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Oncologist 2020; 25:19-e10. [PMID: 31439812 PMCID: PMC6964144 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
LESSONS LEARNED Pharmacokinetics characteristics of niraparib in Chinese patients were similar to those in white patients. Niraparib could be well tolerated by Chinese patients, and adverse events were manageable in this study. Population pharmacokinetics analysis indicated that baseline body weight had a modest impact on pharmacokinetics parameters of niraparib; however, it was not considered clinically important. BACKGROUND This randomized, open-label, single-arm, phase I study was designed to investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of niraparib in Chinese patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. METHODS Eligible patients were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive 100, 200, or 300 mg of niraparib once daily. PK parameters were analyzed after single and multiple dose administrations. RESULTS Thirty-six Chinese patients were enrolled in total. Niraparib was rapidly absorbed after administration, and median time-to-peak (Tmax ) was 3 hours. The long terminal elimination half-life (T1/2 ∼ 35 hours) supports once-daily dosing regimen. The exposure to niraparib showed linear and dose-proportional pharmacokinetics, whereas other PK parameters such as Tmax , T1/2 , and accumulation ratio were dose independent. Population PK analysis indicated that there was no effect of race on niraparib PK parameters, whereas baseline body weight had a modest impact on niraparib exposure. Grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs; reported in ≥10% of patients) included platelet count decreased (a total of five patients who were all from the 300-mg group) and neutrophil count decreased. The TEAEs were manageable after dose modification. CONCLUSION The PK profile of niraparib in Chinese patients is consistent with that in white patients. Niraparib is safe and well tolerated in Chinese patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yunong Gao
- Department of Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ge Lou
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinPeople's Republic of China
| | - Rutie Yin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Bairong Xia
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinPeople's Republic of China
| | - Danqing Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jianmei Hou
- Department of Research and Development, Zai LabShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - James Yan
- Department of Research and Development, Zai LabShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yongjiang Hei
- Department of Research and Development, Zai LabShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zhi‐Yi Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacology, TESARO Inc.WalthamMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ashley Milton
- Clinical Pharmacology, TESARO Inc.WalthamMassachusettsUSA
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
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Varyani F, Argyriou K, Phillips F, Tsakiridou E, Moran GW. Profile of Tofacitinib in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis: An Evidence-Based Review of Recent Data. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019; 13:4091-4105. [PMID: 31819376 PMCID: PMC6897052 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s182891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis (UC) have led to the expansion of our therapeutic arsenal. Conventional treatment options, including aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, thiopurines, and calcineurin inhibitors, fail to control the disease in a significant proportion of patients. Approximately 25-50% of the patients treated with tumor necrosis factor antibodies (anti-TNFα) are primary and secondary non-responders to therapy. Tofacitinib is a novel orally administered small synthetic molecule that inhibits a homologous family of enzymes, termed Janus kinases that modulate multiple key cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of UC. Phase II and III trials showed promising results in UC, leading the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) to approve its administration for the induction and maintenance of remission in moderate-to-severe UC. Herein, we review tofacitinib for the management of UC, its mechanism of action pharmacokinetic properties, efficacy, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumi Varyani
- Queen’s Medical Center, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Konstantinos Argyriou
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Frank Phillips
- Queen’s Medical Center, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Gordon William Moran
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Bissonnette R, Maari C, Forman S, Bhatia N, Lee M, Fowler J, Tyring S, Pariser D, Sofen H, Dhawan S, Zook M, Zammit D, Usansky H, Denis L, Rao N, Song T, Pavel A, Guttman‐Yassky E. The oral Janus kinase/spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor ASN002 demonstrates efficacy and improves associated systemic inflammation in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: results from a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:733-742. [PMID: 30919407 PMCID: PMC6850605 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ASN002 is an oral dual inhibitor of Janus kinase and spleen tyrosine kinase, which are involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) through their regulatory role on T helper (Th)1, Th2 and Th17/Th22 pathways. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics and effects on systemic biomarkers of ASN002 in patients with moderate-to-severe AD. Methods A total of 36 patients with moderate-to-severe AD were randomized (3 : 1) to ASN002 or placebo in the phase Ib study. Three dosage cohorts were studied over a 28-day period (20 mg, 40 mg and 80 mg once daily). RESULTS ASN002 was superior to placebo for the proportion of patients achieving Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) 50 (20 mg 20%, P = 0·93; 40 mg 100%, P = 0·003; 80 mg 83%, P = 0·03; placebo 22%), EASI 75 (20 mg 0%, P = 0·27; 40 mg 71%, P = 0·06; 80 mg 33%, P = 0·65; placebo 22%) and in change from baseline in pruritus (20 mg -1·3 ± 2·1, P = 0·81; 40 mg -3·1 ± 2·7, P = 0·27; 80 mg -4·7 ± 2·1, P = 0·01; placebo -1·6 ± 1·8). Adverse events were generally mild and similar across all groups. ASN002 showed dose-dependent plasma exposure with low interpatient variability, significantly downregulated several serum biomarkers involved in Th1, Th2 and Th17/Th22 immunity, and decreased the atherosclerosis-associated biomarker E selectin/SELE. CONCLUSIONS In patients with moderate-to-severe AD, ASN002 showed strong efficacy with rapid onset of action and associated improvements in systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Bissonnette
- Innovaderm Research Inc.1851 Sherbrooke Street East, Suite 502MontrealH2K 4L5QuebecCanada
| | - C. Maari
- Innovaderm Research Inc.1851 Sherbrooke Street East, Suite 502MontrealH2K 4L5QuebecCanada
| | - S. Forman
- Forward Clinical Trials, Inc.4915 Ehrlich RoadTampa33624FLU.S.A
| | - N. Bhatia
- Therapeutics Clinical Research9025 Balboa Avenue, Suite 105San Diego92123CAU.S.A
| | - M. Lee
- Progressive Clinical ResearchP.A., LLC1973 North West Loop 410, Suite 106San Antonio78213TXU.S.A
| | - J. Fowler
- Dermatology Specialists Research3810 Springhurst Boulevard, Suite 130Louisville40241KYU.S.A
| | - S. Tyring
- Center for Clinical StudiesUniversity of Texas Health Science Center451 North Texas AvenueHouston77598TXU.S.A
| | - D. Pariser
- Department of DermatologyEastern Virginia Medical School and Virginia Clinical Research Inc.6160 Kempsville Circle, Suite 200ANorfolk23502VAU.S.A
| | - H. Sofen
- Dermatology Research Associates8930 South Sepulveda BoulevardLos Angeles90045CAU.S.A
| | - S. Dhawan
- Center for Dermatology Clinical Research Inc.2557 Mowry Avenue, Suite 21 and 25Fremont94538CAU.S.A
| | - M. Zook
- Olympian Clinical Research1201 South Myrtle AvenueClearwater33756FLU.S.A
| | - D.J. Zammit
- Asana BioSciences, LLC997 Lenox Drive, Suite 220, Princeton Pike Corporate CenterLawrenceville08648NJU.S.A
| | - H. Usansky
- Asana BioSciences, LLC997 Lenox Drive, Suite 220, Princeton Pike Corporate CenterLawrenceville08648NJU.S.A
| | - L. Denis
- Asana BioSciences, LLC997 Lenox Drive, Suite 220, Princeton Pike Corporate CenterLawrenceville08648NJU.S.A
| | - N. Rao
- Asana BioSciences, LLC997 Lenox Drive, Suite 220, Princeton Pike Corporate CenterLawrenceville08648NJU.S.A
| | - T. Song
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai1425 Madison Avenue, Icahn Building 13‐76New York10029NYU.S.A
| | - A.B. Pavel
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai1425 Madison Avenue, Icahn Building 13‐76New York10029NYU.S.A
| | - E. Guttman‐Yassky
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai1425 Madison Avenue, Icahn Building 13‐76New York10029NYU.S.A
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Lin CC, Arkenau HT, Lu S, Sachdev J, de Castro Carpeño J, Mita M, Dziadziuszko R, Su WC, Bobilev D, Hughes L, Chan J, Zhang ZY, Weiss GJ. A phase 1, open-label, dose-escalation trial of oral TSR-011 in patients with advanced solid tumours and lymphomas. Br J Cancer 2019; 121:131-138. [PMID: 31217479 PMCID: PMC6738096 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements are oncogenic drivers in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). TSR-011 is a dual ALK and tropomyosin-related kinase (TRK) inhibitor, active against ALK inhibitor resistant tumours in preclinical studies. Here, we report the safety, tolerability and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of TSR-011 in patients with relapsed or refractory ALK- and TRK-positive advanced cancers. METHODS In this sequential, open-label, phase 1 trial (NCT02048488), patients received doses of 30 mg, escalated to 480 mg every 24 hours (Q24h), followed by an expansion cohort of patients with ALK-positive cancers. The primary objective was to evaluate safety and tolerability. Secondary objectives included pharmacokinetics. RESULTS TSR-011 320- and 480-mg Q24h doses exceeded the maximum tolerated dose. At the RP2D of 40 mg every 8 hours (Q8h), the most common grade 3-4 treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 3.2-6.5% of patients. Of 14 ALK inhibitor-naive patients with ALK-positive NSCLC, 6 experienced partial responses and 8 had stable disease. CONCLUSIONS At the RP2D (40 mg Q8h), TSR-011 demonstrated a favourable safety profile with acceptable QTc changes. Limited clinical activity was observed. Based on the competitive ALK inhibitor landscape and benefit/risk considerations, further TSR-011 development was discontinued. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02048488.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chi Lin
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hendrik-Tobias Arkenau
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sarah Cannon Research Institute and University College London, London, UK
| | - Sharon Lu
- Department of Clinical Science, TESARO: A GSK Company, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Jasgit Sachdev
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, HonorHealth Research Institute, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | | | - Monica Mita
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rafal Dziadziuszko
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Uniwersyteckie Centrum Kliniczne, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Dmitri Bobilev
- Department of Clinical Science, TESARO: A GSK Company, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Lorraine Hughes
- Department of Clinical Science, TESARO: A GSK Company, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Jian Chan
- Department of Clinical Science, TESARO: A GSK Company, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Zhi-Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Science, TESARO: A GSK Company, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Glen J Weiss
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Bi X, Yuan Z, Qu B, Zhou H, Liu Z, Xie Y. Piperine enhances the bioavailability of silybin via inhibition of efflux transporters BCRP and MRP2. Phytomedicine 2019; 54:98-108. [PMID: 30668388 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although silybin serves as a well-known hepatoprotective agent with prominent anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-fibrotic activities, its low bioavailability limits its application in the treatment of chronic liver diseases. However, novel formulation products with increased solubility were not sufficient to achieve pharmacologically meaningful concentrations of silybin in the clinical studies even used at high dosage. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE We hypothesized that inhibiting efflux transporter(s) and/or glucuronidation by piperine might enhance the bioavailability and efficacy of silybin. METHODS Pharmacokinetics of silybin given alone or in-combination with piperine was determined by a validated LC-MS method. A CCl4 induced rat model of liver injury was prepared and verified for comparing the effects of silybin and combination treatment. To investigate the underlying mechanism, the inhibition effects of piperine on transportation of silybin were performed in Caco-2 and transfected MDCKII cell lines as well as sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes (SCH). Human liver microsomes incubation was used for exploring the modulation effects of piperine on the phase-2 metabolism of silybin. RESULTS In the present study, we demonstrated for the first time that piperine as a bioenhancer increased the bioavailability of silybin (146%- 181%), contributing to a boosted therapeutic effect in CCl4-induced acute liver-injury rat model. The underlying mechanisms involved that piperine enhanced the absorption of silybin by inhibiting the efflux transporters including MRP2 and BCRP but not MDR1 in Caco-2 and transfected MDCKII cell lines. Moreover, piperine could inhibit the biliary excretion of silybin and conjugated metabolites in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes. Notably, we found that piperine did not affect the phase-2 metabolism of silybin. CONCLUSION Efflux transporters play an important role in the pharmacokinetic behavior of flavolignans, and modulating these transporters by bioenhancer such as piperine could enhance the in vivo absorption of silybin, leading to more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhongwen Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510150, China
| | - Biao Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China.
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Sciberras D, Otoul C, Lurquin F, Smeraglia J, Lappert A, De Bruyn S, Jaap van Lier J. A pharmacokinetic study of radiprodil oral suspension in healthy adults comparing conventional venous blood sampling with two microsampling techniques. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2019; 7:e00459. [PMID: 30705758 PMCID: PMC6349788 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this phase I, single-center, open-label study of ten heathy adults (18-45 years; NCT02647697), the PK, safety, and tolerability profile of radiprodil oral suspension in healthy adults were assessed, as well as two PK microsampling techniques. All participants received a single 30 mg radiprodil dose (12 mL oral suspension). Blood was collected at various time points using conventional venous sampling (intravenous catheter or venepuncture), and Mitra™ and Aqua-Cap™ Drummond microsampling (finger-prick and blood taken from venous blood sample tubes). Geometric mean radiprodil plasma concentrations from conventional venous samples were above the lower limit of quantification up to 48 hours after administration of a single oral dose of radiprodil. Geometric mean AUC inf and Cmax were 2042 h ng mL -1 and 89.4 ng mL -1, respectively. Geometric mean t½ was 15.8 hour; median tmax was 4 hour (range: 3-6 hour). Radiprodil exposure variables for Aqua-Cap™ Drummond sampling were similar to the conventional venous-derived data. Conversely, radiprodil exposure variables were lower with Mitra™ sampling compared with conventional venous sampling. The geometric mean ratio (90% confidence interval) for Cmax of conventional venous versus Mitra™ and Aqua-Cap™ Drummond sampling (finger-prick blood) was 0.89 (0.85, 0.94) and 1.03 (0.97,1.08), respectively, and therefore within the conventional bioequivalence range (0.80-1.25). Radiprodil oral suspension had an acceptable safety, tolerability, and palatability profile. The PK profile of radiprodil oral suspension was established in healthy adults, and was comparable when analyzed using conventional versus microsampling techniques. These results will support future radiprodil paediatric studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jan Jaap van Lier
- PRA Health Sciences – Early Development Services (PRA‐EDS)GroningenThe Netherlands
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to enhance the pharmaceutical potential and oral bioavailability of piperine, which is the bioactive constituent of Piper nigrum, using the nanosuspension approach. Nanoprecipitation, which is a simple and reproducible process, was used for nanosuspension formulation. To prepare a pharmaceutical-grade nanosuspension with the required particle size, important formulation parameters (amount of plant extract, concentration of stabilizer, and antisolvent-to-solvent ratio) were optimized using the central composite design of response surface methodology. The optimized nanosuspension was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and in vitro dissolution testing as well as by measuring the zeta potential. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies were conducted to determine the bioavailability of the prepared nanosuspension. Results of the optimization study indicated that 0.13% plant extract, 0.25% stabilizer, and an antisolvent-to-solvent ratio of 10.0 were the best parameters to obtain a homogeneous nanosuspension with the required particle size. The optimized nanosuspension demonstrated a mean particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential of 172.5 nm, 0.241, and - 16.6 mV, respectively. The results of the characterization studies illustrated that the nanosuspension was in the nanometer size range and had good surface morphology. The optimized nanosuspension showed a better dissolution rate and a 3.65-fold higher oral bioavailability for the P. nigrum nanosuspension than its coarse suspension. The present outcomes clearly demonstrated that to obtain an effective therapeutic potential, nanoformulation of medicinal plants is a better alternative than conventional dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatiqa Zafar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Jahan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Tam CS. Zanubrutinib: a novel BTK inhibitor in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol 2019; 17:32-34. [PMID: 30843894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
MESH Headings
- Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/metabolism
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Piperidines/administration & dosage
- Piperidines/adverse effects
- Piperidines/pharmacokinetics
- Piperidines/therapeutic use
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Pyrazoles/administration & dosage
- Pyrazoles/adverse effects
- Pyrazoles/pharmacokinetics
- Pyrazoles/therapeutic use
- Pyrimidines/administration & dosage
- Pyrimidines/adverse effects
- Pyrimidines/pharmacokinetics
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine S Tam
- St Vincent's Hospital, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Yue X, Luo Z, Liu H, Kaneshige K, Parsons SM, Perlmutter JS, Tu Z. Radiosynthesis and evaluation of a fluorine-18 labeled radioligand targeting vesicular acetylcholine transporter. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:3425-3430. [PMID: 30274694 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) is a reliable biomarker for assessing the loss of cholinergic neurons in the brain that is associated with cognitive impairment of patients. 5-Hydrotetralin compound (±)-5-OH-VAT is potent (Ki = 4.64 ± 0.32 nM) and selective for VAChT (>1800-fold and 398-fold for σ1 and σ2 receptor, respectively) with favorable hydrophilicity (LogD = 1.78), while (-)-5-OH-VAT originally serves as the radiolabeling precursor of (-)-[18F]VAT, a promising VAChT radiotracer with a logD value of 2.56. To evaluate (-)-5-OH-[18F]VAT as a radiotracer for VAChT, we performed in vitro binding assay to determine the potency of the minus enantiomer (-)-5-OH-VAT and plus enantiomer (+)-5-OH-VAT, indicating that (-)-5-OH-VAT is a more potent VAChT enantiomer. Radiosynthesis of (-)-5-OH-[18F]VAT was explored using three strategies. (-)-5-OH-[18F]VAT was achieved with a good yield (24 ± 6%) and high molar activity (∼37 GBq/µmol, at the end of synthesis) using a microwave assisted two-step one-pot procedure that started with di-MOM protected nitro-containing precursor (-)-6. MicroPET studies in the brain of nonhuman primate (NHP) suggest that (-)-5-OH-[18F]VAT readily penetrated the blood brain barrier and specifically accumulated in the VAChT-enriched striatum with improved washout kinetics from striatum compared to [18F]VAT. Nevertheless, the lower target to non-target ratio may limit its use for in vivo measurement of the VAChT level in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyi Yue
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Zonghua Luo
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Kota Kaneshige
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States
| | - Stanley M Parsons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States
| | - Joel S Perlmutter
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, United States; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Zhude Tu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, United States.
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Wang J, Zhang ZY, Lu S, Powers D, Kansra V, Wang X. Effects of rolapitant administered orally on the pharmacokinetics of dextromethorphan (CYP2D6), tolbutamide (CYP2C9), omeprazole (CYP2C19), efavirenz (CYP2B6), and repaglinide (CYP2C8) in healthy subjects. Support Care Cancer 2018; 27:819-827. [PMID: 30084103 PMCID: PMC6373243 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4331-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Rolapitant is a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist indicated in combination with other antiemetic agents in adults for the prevention of delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. We evaluated the effects of rolapitant oral on the pharmacokinetics of probe substrates for cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 (dextromethorphan), 2C9 (tolbutamide), 2C19 (omeprazole), 2B6 (efavirenz), and 2C8 (repaglinide) in healthy subjects. Methods This open-label, multipart, randomized, phase 1 study assessed cohorts of 20–26 healthy subjects administered dextromethorphan, tolbutamide plus omeprazole, efavirenz, or repaglinide with and without single, oral doses of rolapitant. Maximum plasma analyte concentrations (Cmax) and area under the plasma analyte concentration–time curves (AUC) were estimated using noncompartmental analysis, and geometric mean ratios (GMRs) and 90% confidence intervals for the ratios of test (rolapitant plus probe substrate) to reference (probe substrate alone) treatment were calculated. Results Rolapitant significantly increased the systemic exposure of dextromethorphan in terms of Cmax and AUC0–inf by 2.2- to 3.3-fold as observed in GMRs on days 7 and 14. Rolapitant did not affect systemic exposure of tolbutamide, and minor excursions outside of the 80–125% no effect limits were detected for omeprazole, efavirenz, and repaglinide. Conclusions Inhibition of dextromethorphan by a single oral dose of rolapitant 180 mg is clinically significant and can last at least 7 days. No clinically significant interaction was observed between rolapitant and substrates of CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2B6, or CYP2C8. CYP2D6 substrate drugs with a narrow therapeutic index may require monitoring for adverse reactions if given concomitantly with rolapitant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- TESARO, Inc., 1000 Winter St. North, Ste. 3300, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA
| | - Zhi-Yi Zhang
- TESARO, Inc., 1000 Winter St. North, Ste. 3300, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA
| | - Sharon Lu
- TESARO, Inc., 1000 Winter St. North, Ste. 3300, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA
| | - Dan Powers
- TESARO, Inc., 1000 Winter St. North, Ste. 3300, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA
| | - Vikram Kansra
- TESARO, Inc., 1000 Winter St. North, Ste. 3300, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- TESARO, Inc., 1000 Winter St. North, Ste. 3300, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA.
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Ogawa K, Masuda R, Mizuno Y, Makino A, Kozaka T, Kitamura Y, Kiyono Y, Shiba K, Odani A. Development of a novel radiobromine-labeled sigma-1 receptor imaging probe. Nucl Med Biol 2018; 61:28-35. [PMID: 29704822 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sigma-1 receptor is a target for tumor imaging. In a previous study, we synthesized a vesamicol analog, (+)-2-[4-(4-bromophenyl)piperidino]cyclohexanol [(+)-pBrV], with a high affinity for sigma-1 receptor, and synthesized radiobrominated (+)-pBrV. This radiobrominated (+)-pBrV showed high tumor uptake in tumor-bearing mice; however, radioactivity accumulation in normal tissues, such as the liver, was high. We assumed that the accumulation of (+)-pBrV in the non-target tissues was partially derived from its high lipophilicity; therefore, we synthesized and evaluated (+)-4-[1-(2-hydroxycyclohexyl)piperidine-4-yl]-2-bromophenol [(+)-BrV-OH], which is a more hydrophilic compound. Although we aimed to develop a PET tracer using 76Br, in these initial studies, we used 77Br because of its longer half-life. METHODS (+)-[77Br]BrV-OH was synthesized using the chloramine-T method with a radiochemical purity of 95%. Lipophilicity and affinity for sigma-1 receptor of (+)-[77Br]BrV-OH were determined, and biodistribution experiments were performed. We also performed an in vivo blocking study by co-injecting excess amounts of the sigma-1 receptor ligand, SA4503, into mice. RESULTS The lipophilicity and affinity for sigma-1 receptor of (+)-[77Br]BrV-OH were lower than those of (+)-[77Br]pBrV. (+)-[77Br]BrV-OH also showed high tumor uptake in biodistribution experiments in DU-145 tumor-bearing mice,. Although (+)-[77Br]pBrV was retained in most tissues, (+)-[77Br]BrV-OH was cleared from these tissues. In blocking studies, the co-injection of SA4503 significantly decreased the tumor uptake of (+)-[77Br]BrV-OH. CONCLUSION These results indicate that (+)-[76Br]BrV-OH has potential as a PET probe for sigma-1 receptor imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Ogawa
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Ryohei Masuda
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Mizuno
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Akira Makino
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Yoshida 910-1193, Japan
| | - Takashi Kozaka
- Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yoji Kitamura
- Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kiyono
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Yoshida 910-1193, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Shiba
- Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Akira Odani
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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Blöcher R, Wagner KM, Gopireddy RR, Harris TR, Wu H, Barnych B, Hwang SH, Xiang YK, Proschak E, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Orally Available Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase/Phosphodiesterase 4 Dual Inhibitor Treats Inflammatory Pain. J Med Chem 2018; 61:3541-3550. [PMID: 29614224 PMCID: PMC5933862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by previously discovered enhanced analgesic efficacy between soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors, we designed, synthesized and characterized 21 novel sEH/PDE4 dual inhibitors. The best of these displayed good efficacy in in vitro assays. Further pharmacokinetic studies of a subset of four selected compounds led to the identification of a bioavailable dual inhibitor N-(4-methoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)-1-propionylpiperidine-4-carboxamide (MPPA). In a lipopolysaccharide induced inflammatory pain rat model, MPPA rapidly increased in the blood ( Tmax = 30 min; Cmax = 460 nM) after oral administration of 3 mg/kg and reduced inflammatory pain with rapid onset of action correlating with blood levels over a time course of 4 h. Additionally, MPPA does not alter self-motivated exploration of rats with inflammatory pain or the withdrawal latency in control rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Blöcher
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
| | - Karen M. Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
| | - Raghavender R. Gopireddy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A., and VA Northern California Health Care System, CA 95655 Mather, U.S.A
| | - Todd R. Harris
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
| | - Bogdan Barnych
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
| | - Yang K. Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A., and VA Northern California Health Care System, CA 95655 Mather, U.S.A
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
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Wu W, Chu Y, Wang S, Sun X, Zhang J, Wang Y, Chen X. Investigation of metabolic profile of pimavanserin in rats by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography combined with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2018; 32:269-276. [PMID: 29105858 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Pimavanserin, a selective serotonin 2A receptor inverse agonist, is a promising candidate for treating Parkinson's disease psychosis. Our previous study revealed that there might be the presence of extensive metabolites of pimavanserin in rats. However, the metabolic fate of pimavanserin in vivo remains unknown. Thus, it is essential to develop an efficient method to investigate the metabolic profile of pimavanserin in rats. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) to date has the highest mass measurement accuracy and resolution of any mass spectrometry platform. METHODS After a single intragastric administration of pimavanserin at a dose of 50 mg kg-1 , plasma, bile, urine and feces were collected from rats. A novel and efficient strategy was developed to analyze the metabolic profile of pimavanserin in vivo based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with FT-ICR-MS. RESULTS A total of 23 metabolites were detected and tentatively identified through comparing their mass spectrometry profiles with those of pimavanserin. These metabolites were found in feces (22), bile (21), rat urine (16) and plasma (15). Results demonstrated that metabolic pathways of pimavanserin in rats included dehydrogenation, demethylation, deethylation, depropylation, debutylation, hydroxylation, dihydroxylation and trihydroxylation. CONCLUSIONS A total of 22 phase I metabolites of pimavanserin were detected and tentatively identified. This report presents the first study of screening and identification of the metabolites of pimavanserin. The UHPLC/FT-ICR-MS method is a powerful tool for exploring and identifying metabolites in complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yanjie Chu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Shixiao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiaoyang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yannian Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
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