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Demuytere J, Carlier C, Van de Sande L, Hoorens A, De Clercq K, Giordano S, Morosi L, Matteo C, Zucchetti M, Davoli E, Van Dorpe J, Vervaet C, Ceelen W. Preclinical Activity of Two Paclitaxel Nanoparticle Formulations After Intraperitoneal Administration in Ovarian Cancer Murine Xenografts. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:429-440. [PMID: 38260242 PMCID: PMC10800285 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s424045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial ovarian cancer is associated with high mortality due to diagnosis at later stages associated with peritoneal involvement. Several trials have evaluated the effect of intraperitoneal treatment. In this preclinical study, we report the efficacy, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intraperitoneal treatment with two approved nanomolecular formulations of paclitaxel (nab-PTX and mic-PTX) in a murine ovarian cancer xenograft model. Methods IC50 was determined in vitro on three ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCAR-3, SK-OV-3 and SK-OV-3-Luc IP1). EOC xenografts were achieved using a modified subperitoneal implantation technique. Drug treatment was initiated 2 weeks after engraftment, and tumor volume and survival were assessed. Pharmacokinetics and drug distribution effects were assessed using UHPLC-MS/MS and MALDI imaging mass spectrometry, respectively. Pharmacodynamic effects were analyzed using immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy using standard protocols. Results We demonstrated sub-micromolar IC50 concentrations for both formulations on three EOC cancer cell lines in vitro. Furthermore, IP administration of nab-PTX or mic-PTX lead to more than 2-fold longer survival compared to a control treatment of IP saline administration (30 days in controls, 66 days in nab-PTX treated animals, and 76 days in mic-PTX animals, respectively). We observed higher tissue uptake of drug following nab-PTX administration when compared to mic-PTX, with highest uptake after 4 hours post-treatment, and confirmed this lower uptake of mic-PTX using HPLC on digested tumor samples. Furthermore, apoptosis was not increased in tumor implants up to 24h post-treatment. Conclusion Intraperitoneal administration of both nab-PTX and mic-PTX results in a significant anticancer efficacy and survival benefit in a mouse OC xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Demuytere
- Department of GI Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Carlier
- Department of GI Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leen Van de Sande
- Department of GI Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anne Hoorens
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kaat De Clercq
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Silvia Giordano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri - IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Lavinia Morosi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri - IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Matteo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri - IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri - IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri - IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Jo Van Dorpe
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chris Vervaet
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Ceelen
- Department of GI Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
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Zobl W, Bitsch A, Blum J, Boei JJWA, Capinha L, Carta G, Castell J, Davoli E, Drake C, Fisher CP, Heldring MM, Islam B, Jennings P, Leist M, Pellegrino-Coppola D, Schimming JP, Snijders KE, Tolosa L, van de Water B, van Vugt-Lussenburg BMA, Walker P, Wehr MM, Wijaya LS, Escher SE. Protectiveness of NAM-based hazard assessment - which testing scope is required? ALTEX 2023; 41:302-319. [PMID: 38048429 DOI: 10.14573/altex.2309081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Hazard assessment (HA) requires toxicity tests to allow deriving protective points of departure (PoDs) for risk assessment irrespective of a compound's mode of action (MoA). The scope of in vitro test batteries (ivTB) thereby necessitated for systemic toxicity is still unclear. We explored the protectiveness regarding systemic toxicity of an ivTB with a scope, which was guided by previous findings from rodent studies, where examining six main targets, including liver and kidney, was sufficient to predict the guideline scope-based PoD with high probability. The ivTB comprises human in vitro models representing liver, kidney, lung and the neuronal system covering transcriptome, mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal outgrowth. Additionally, 32 CALUX®- and 10 HepG2 BAC-GFP reporters cover a broad range of disturbance mechanisms. Eight compounds were chosen for causing adverse effects such as immunotoxicity or anemia in vivo, i.e., effects not directly covered by assays in the ivTB. PoDs derived from the ivTB and from oral repeated dose studies in rodents were extrapolated to maximum unbound plasma concentrations for comparison. The ivTB-based PoDs were one to five orders of magnitude lower than in vivo PoDs for six of eight compounds, implying that they were protective. The extent of in vitro response varied across test compounds. Especially for hematotoxic substances, the ivTB showed either no response or only cytotoxicity. Assays better capturing this type of hazard would be needed to complement the ivTB. This study highlights the potentially broad applicability of ivTBs for deriving protective PoDs of compounds with unknown MoA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Zobl
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Annette Bitsch
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Jan J W A Boei
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Giada Carta
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jose Castell
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, CIBEREHD, CIBERBBN, Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Christina Drake
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Muriel M Heldring
- Leiden University, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Barira Islam
- Certara - Simcyp Division, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Jennings
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Johannes P Schimming
- Leiden University, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten E Snijders
- Leiden University, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laia Tolosa
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, CIBEREHD, CIBERBBN, Valencia, Spain
| | - Bob van de Water
- Leiden University, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Paul Walker
- Cyprotex Discovery Ltd UK, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias M Wehr
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
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Palladini J, Terzaghi E, Bagnati R, Passoni A, Davoli E, Maspero A, Palmisano G, Di Guardo A. Environmental fate of sulfonated-PCBs: Soil partitioning properties, bioaccumulation, persistence, and mobility. J Hazard Mater 2023; 457:131853. [PMID: 37327608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two new classes of PCB metabolites were recently discovered: sulfonated-polychlorinated biphenyls (sulfonated-PCBs) and hydroxy-sulfonated-polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-sulfonated-PCBs). These metabolites, originating from PCB degradation, seem to possess more polar characteristics than their parent compounds. However, no other information, such as their chemical identity (CAS number) or their ecotoxicity or toxicity, is available so far, although more than about one hundred different chemicals were observed in soil samples. In addition, their physico-chemical properties are still uncertain since only estimations are available. Here we show the first evidence on the fate of these new classes of contaminants in the environment, producing results from several experiments, to evaluate sulfonated-PCBs and OH-sulfonated-PCBs soil partition coefficients, degradation in soil after 18 months of rhizoremediation, uptake into plant roots and earthworms, as well as a preliminary analytical method to extract and concentrate these chemicals from water. The results give an overview of the expected environmental fate of these chemicals and open questions for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Palladini
- Department of Science and High Technology (DiSAT), University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Elisa Terzaghi
- Department of Science and High Technology (DiSAT), University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagnati
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Passoni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Maspero
- Department of Science and High Technology (DiSAT), University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Giovanni Palmisano
- Department of Science and High Technology (DiSAT), University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Guardo
- Department of Science and High Technology (DiSAT), University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy.
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Maspero A, Vavassori F, Penoni A, Galli S, Palmisano G, Bagnati R, Passoni A, Davoli E, Palladini J, Terzaghi E, Di Guardo A. Synthesis of a new sulfonated-hexachlorobiphenyl standard for environmental analysis, ecotoxicological, and toxicological studies. Sci Total Environ 2023; 882:163445. [PMID: 37076006 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonated-polychlorinated biphenyls (sulfonated-PCBs) are a newly discovered class of PCB metabolites. They were observed for the first time in polar bear serum and lately, in soil, together with hydroxy-sulfonated-PCBs. Their presence is ubiquitous in soils, and their estimated physical chemical properties show high mobility in water, compared to the parent compounds. However, no single pure standards exist so far and therefore their quantification in the environmental matrices is not accurate. Additionally, pure standards are needed to experimentally determine their physical chemical properties, as well as the ecotoxicological and toxicological characteristics. In the present work, the challenging goal of preparing a polychlorinated biphenyl monosulfonic acid was achieved exploring different synthetic approaches, along which the selection of the starting material resulted in a crucial point. Using PCB-153 (2,2'-4,4'-5,5'-hexachloro-1,1'-biphenyl) the synthesis afforded, as the major species, a side compound. On the contrary, the use of PCB-155 (2,2'-4,4'-6,6'-hexachloro-1,1'-biphenyl), a symmetric hexachlorobiphenyl derivative showing chlorine atoms at all the ortho positions, gave the target sulfonated-PCB compound. In this case, sulfonation was successfully carried out through a two-step procedure, involving chlorosulfonylation and the subsequent hydrolysis of the chlorosulfonyl intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Maspero
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Federico Vavassori
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Andrea Penoni
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Simona Galli
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Giovanni Palmisano
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagnati
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Passoni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Jessica Palladini
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Elisa Terzaghi
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Guardo
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy.
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Adorisio O, Davoli E, De Peppo F. Evaluation of YouTube videos addressing thoracoscopic sympathectomy using the LAP-VEGaS guidelines. Front Surg 2023; 10:1133124. [PMID: 37021089 PMCID: PMC10067559 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1133124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe study aims to evaluate the quality of videos addressing thoracoscopic sympathectomy on YouTube® using the LAParoscopic surgery Video Educational GuidelineS (LAP-VEGaS) criteria.MethodsYouTube was searched using the following keyword: “thoracoscopic sympathectomy” on August 22, 2021. The first 50 videos were analyzed and classified for baseline characteristics and conformity to the LAP-VEGaS checklist.ResultsDuration ranged from 19 s to 22 min. The mean number of likes was 14.8 (range 0–80). The mean number of dislikes was 2.5 (range 0–14). The mean number of comments was 8.5 (range 0–67). Nineteen videos did not meet our criteria and were excluded. Regarding the remaining 31 videos, none contained all 16 points of the LAP-VEGaS essential checklist (mean 5.4 points, range 2–14 points), with almost all neglecting preoperative information and outcomes. The mean percentage of conformity was 37% (range 12%–93%). The most viewed videos were not associated with higher conformity to LAP-VEGaS criteria showing only 4/16 points (25%).ConclusionsThe quality of videos addressing TS on YouTube®, based on the LAP-VEGaS checklist may be considered not acceptable. Experienced surgeons and surgeons in trainees should be aware of this when using it as a learning resource in their clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottavio Adorisio
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: Ottavio Adorisio
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of General Surgery, Campus Biomedico University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco De Peppo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Fattore E, Lanno A, Danieli A, Stefano S, Passoni A, Roncaglioni A, Bagnati R, Davoli E. Toxicology of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol and its esters: a narrative review. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:1247-1265. [PMID: 36826474 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) is a chiral molecule naturally existing as a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-enantiomers. It was thoroughly investigated during the 1970s as a male antifertility drug until research was abandoned because of the side effects observed in toxicity studies. More than 20 years later, 3-MCPD, both in the free form and esterified to the fatty acids, was detected in vegetable oil and discovered to be a widespread contaminant in different processed foods. This review summarises the main toxicological studies on 3-MCPD and its esters. Current knowledge shows that the kidney and reproductive system are the primary targets of 3-MCPD toxicity, followed by neurological and immune systems. Despite uncertainties, in vivo studies suggest that renal and reproductive toxicity is mediated by toxic metabolites, leading to inhibition of glycolysis and energy depletion. Few acute, short-term, and subchronic toxicity studies have investigated the 3-MCPD esters. The pattern of toxicity was similar to that of free 3-MCPD. Some evidence suggests that the toxicity of 3-MCPD diesters may be milder than 3-MCPD, likely because of an incomplete enzymatic hydrolysis in the equivalent free form in the gastrointestinal tract. Further research to clarify absorption, metabolism, and long-term toxicity of 3-MCPD esters would be pivotal to improve the risk assessment of these compounds via food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fattore
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milano, Italy.
| | - Alessia Lanno
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Danieli
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Simone Stefano
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milano, Italy
| | - Alice Passoni
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Roncaglioni
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milano, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagnati
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milano, Italy
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Davoli E, Gallus S, Mattioli F, Lugo A, Solimini R, Domínguez FR, Troasur MM, Vardavas C. Fees for laboratory analyses of tobacco and related products in Europe: The next step forward. Tob Prev Cessat 2023; 9:10. [PMID: 37091832 PMCID: PMC10120366 DOI: 10.18332/tpc/161896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Davoli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvano Gallus
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Mattioli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lugo
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Francisco R. Domínguez
- Andalusian Regional Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs, General Directorate of Public Health, Seville, Spain
| | - Miguel M. Troasur
- Agency for Agrarian and Fisheries Management of Andalusia, Seville, Spain
| | - Constantine Vardavas
- University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- CORRESPONDENCE TO Enrico Davoli. Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy. E-mail: ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0933-1351
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Dal Bello F, Mecarelli E, Aigotti R, Davoli E, Calza P, Medana C. Development and application of high resolution mass spectrometry analytical method to study and identify the photoinduced transformation products of environmental pollutants. J Environ Manage 2022; 308:114573. [PMID: 35121458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Terpenes are among the major causes of pleasant or unpleasant odors close to active or inactive landfills. We studied R-limonene and p-cymene environmental degradation products using the heterogeneous photocatalysis mediated by titanium dioxide to explore the odor pollution. The aim of the study was the development of mass spectrometry based methods both hyphenated with GC and HPLC to identify and characterize transformation products (TPs) derived from photodegradation of R-limonene and p-cymene. With the GC-MS method we identified three TPs for R-limonene and two for p-cymene comparing the obtained mass spectra with those in the NIST library. While with HPLC-MS method, thanks to the use of the high resolution of MS tool, we recognized four and five TPs for R-limonene and p-cymene respectively. No p-cymene was detected as R-limonene transformation product. The methods developed were then applied to real environmental samples coming from landfills active (Lan1) or inactive (Lan2 and Lan3) located in northern Italy. R-limonene was detected in the active landfill (Lan1 at the concentration of 2.35 μg/mL) together with one of its TPs and one TP derived from p-cymene. p-Cymene was detected in the other two inactive landfills (Lan2 and Lan3 concentrations 0.025 and 0.15 μg/mL, respectively) together with one of its TP and two TPs coming from R-limonene photodegradation. The finding of TPs together with R-limonene and p-cymene both in active and inactive landfills point out the attention on the reduction of these molecules in the environment to reduce pollution and human risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Dal Bello
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Dept, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125, Torino, Italy.
| | - Enrica Mecarelli
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Dept, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125, Torino, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Aigotti
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Dept, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125, Torino, Italy.
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy.
| | - Paola Calza
- Chemistry Dept. Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125, Torino, Italy.
| | - Claudio Medana
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Dept, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125, Torino, Italy.
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Morosi L, Matteo C, Meroni M, Ceruti T, Fuso Nerini I, Bello E, Frapolli R, D'Incalci M, Zucchetti M, Davoli E. Quantitative measurement of pioglitazone in neoplastic and normal tissues by AP-MALDI mass spectrometry imaging. Talanta 2022; 237:122918. [PMID: 34736656 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pioglitazone is a Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) agonist of the thiazolidinedione class of compounds with promising anticancer activity. An innovative quantitative mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) method and a HPLC-UV method were developed and validated to investigate its distribution in tumor and liver tissues. The MSI method is based on stable isotope normalization and resulted highly specific and sensitive (0.2 pmol/spot). The correct identification of the drug ion signal is confirmed by MS/MS analysis on tissue. The method shows an optimal lateral resolution (25 μm) relying on the ionization efficiency and fine laser diameter of the atmospheric pressure MALDI source. The HPLC-UV method is simple and straightforward involving quick protein precipitation and shows good sensitivity (50ng/sample) using a small starting volume of biological sample. Thus, it is applicable to samples obtained from both preclinical models and clinical surgical procedures. MSI and HPLC-UV assays were validated assessing linearity, intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy, limit of quantification, selectivity and recovery. These are the first methods developed and validated for the analysis of pioglitazone in tissues, and they were applied successfully to myxoid liposarcoma xenograft-bearing mice, which received clinically relevant drug doses. Pioglitazone was measured by either method in sections of tumor and liver 2, 6 and 24 h post-treatment. Drug distribution was relatively homogeneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Morosi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Matteo
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Meroni
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Tommaso Ceruti
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Fuso Nerini
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Ezia Bello
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Frapolli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Mass Spectrometry Research Center for Health and Environment and Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
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Palladini J, Bagnati R, Passoni A, Davoli E, Lanno A, Terzaghi E, Falakdin P, Di Guardo A. Bioaccumulation of PCBs and their hydroxy and sulfonated metabolites in earthworms: Comparing lab and field results. Environ Pollut 2022; 293:118507. [PMID: 34800589 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonated and hydroxy-sulfonated PCBs were recently discovered by our group as new PCB soil contaminants, constituting about 1% of their parent compounds in soil. Here we investigate for the first time the bioaccumulation of these metabolites as well as hydroxy-PCBs and native PCBs in earthworms. A sequence of three experiments, at increasing complexity and ecological realism, were performed with four different earthworm species (Eisenia foetida Savigny, Lumbricus terrestris L, Allolobophora chlorotica Savigny and Aporrectodea caliginosa Savigny) exposed to contaminated soils. The first experiment confirmed that when exposing earthworms to soil contaminated with a single hexa-chlorinated congener (PCB 155), no formation of polar metabolites in earthworms could be detected. This allowed to plan the following two experiments, using a soil from a PCB contaminated site and rich in relatively high levels (10-130 μg kg-1) of hydroxy-, sulfonated-, and hydroxy-sulfonated-PCBs. Bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) and bioconcentration factors (BCFs) were then obtained in the second and third experiments, to compare the accumulation behavior of these chemicals in laboratory and natural conditions. Regressions between BAF/BCF and Log Kow/Log D, produced a variety of results, being generally significant between BCF and PCBs and not significant in the other cases. In general, the metabolites accumulated in earthworms with detectable concentrations in their tissues (8-115 μg kg-1), although sulfonated and hydroxy-sulfonated PCBs showed BAF and BCF values lower (up to two orders of magnitude) than those calculated for the parent PCBs, given their lower lipophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Palladini
- Department of Science and High Technology (DiSAT), University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 21100, Como, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagnati
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Passoni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Lanno
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Terzaghi
- Department of Science and High Technology (DiSAT), University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 21100, Como, Italy
| | - Parisa Falakdin
- Department of Science and High Technology (DiSAT), University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 21100, Como, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Guardo
- Department of Science and High Technology (DiSAT), University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 21100, Como, Italy.
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Davoli E, Zucchetti M, Giavazzi R, Garattini S, Frapolli R. Pseudo-resistance to anticancer drugs. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221136776. [PMID: 36407785 PMCID: PMC9666839 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221136776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center for Health and Environment and Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Environmental Health Sciences Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvio Garattini
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberta Frapolli
- Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
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Adorisio O, Davoli E, Ceriati E, Battaglia S, Camanni D, De Peppo F. Effectiveness of unilateral sequential video-assisted sympathetic chain blockage for primary palmar hyperidrosis in children and adolescents. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1067141. [PMID: 36507132 PMCID: PMC9727172 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1067141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary palmar hyperhidrosis (PPH) is a severely debilitating condition that can affect patients of any age. Thoracoscopic sympathectomy provides a definitive treatment for PPH. Aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of unilateral sequential video-assisted thoracic sympathetic chain clamping (VATSCC) by clips application in pediatric population. METHODS The surgical procedure was done in the semi-sitting position, under general anesthesia with orotracheal intubation. Mean operation time was 23 ± 6 min (range 12-45). Two 5 mm ports were inserted at the level of the middle axillary line in the second and fourth intercostal space respectively. The sympathetic chain was identified, and two clips were applied, the first one at the level of the third and the second one, at the level of the fourth rib. No chest tube was used. Resolution of symptoms, complications, recurrence rate, onset and duration of compensatory hyperhidrosis were analyzed. RESULTS From August 2017 to September 2021, 58 patients (male:female ratio 32:26), mean age 16.5 years (range 14-19), with PPH underwent unilateral sequential VATSCC by clips application, starting on the dominant hand. The contralateral side was operated 2 months after. All patients except one (transient pneumothorax) were discharged on the first post-op day. No immediate or late complications have been recorded. Mean follow-up was 32 months (range 6-41). All patients except one (1,7%), affected by Raynaud's disease, showed a complete resolution of the symptom. Seven patients (12%) developed transient moderate compensative hyperhidrosis (CH) that spontaneously disappeared in the postoperative period. CONCLUSIONS Unilateral sequential thoracoscopic sympathetic chain clamping for PPH in pediatric patients is a safe and very effective procedure with a low complication rate and low incidence of postoperative CH that, in our experience, resolved spontaneously in the postoperative period, after the second surgery leading to an improvement in the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottavio Adorisio
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of General Surgery, Campus Biomedico University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Ceriati
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Battaglia
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Camanni
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco De Peppo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Pinessi D, Resovi A, Sangalli F, Morosi L, Zentilin L, Borsotti P, Carlessi E, Passoni A, Davoli E, Belotti D, Giavazzi R, Giacca M, Valbusa G, Berndt A, Zucchetti M, Taraboletti G. Tumor vascular remodeling by thrombospondin-1 enhances drug delivery and antineoplastic activity. Matrix Biol 2021; 103-104:22-36. [PMID: 34653669 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The disorganized and inefficient tumor vasculature is a major obstacle to the delivery and efficacy of antineoplastic treatments. Antiangiogenic agents can normalize the tumor vessels, improving vessel function and boosting the distribution and activity of chemotherapy. The type III repeats (T3R) domain of thrombospondin-1 contains different potential antiangiogenic sequences. We therefore hypothesized that it might affect the tumor vasculature. Ectopic expression of the T3R domain by the tumor cells or by the host, or administration of recombinant T3R, delayed the in vivo growth of experimental tumors. Tumors presented marked reorganization of the vasculature, with abundant but smaller vessels, associated with substantially less necrosis. Mechanistically, the use of truncated forms of the domain, containing different active sequences, pointed to the FGF2/FGFR/ERK axis as a target for T3R activity. Along with reduced necrosis, the expression of T3R promoted tumor distribution of chemotherapy (paclitaxel), with a higher drug concentration and more homogeneous distribution, as assessed by HPLC and MALDI imaging mass spectrometry. T3R-expressing tumors were more responsive to paclitaxel and cisplatin. This study shows that together with its known role as a canonical inhibitor of angiogenesis, thrombospondin-1 can also remodel tumor blood vessels, affecting the morphological and functional properties of the tumor vasculature. The ability of T3R to reduce tumor growth and improve the response to chemotherapy opens new perspectives for therapeutic strategies based on T3R to be used in combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Pinessi
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Andrea Resovi
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Fabio Sangalli
- Laboratory of Renal Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Lavinia Morosi
- Cancer Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorena Zentilin
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Patrizia Borsotti
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Elena Carlessi
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Alice Passoni
- Center of Mass Spectrometry Research for Health and Environment and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Center of Mass Spectrometry Research for Health and Environment and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Dorina Belotti
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Giacca
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | | | - Alexander Berndt
- Section Pathology, Institute of Legal Medicine, Jena University Hospital, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Cancer Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Taraboletti
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy.
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Passoni A, Mariani A, Comolli D, Fanelli R, Davoli E, De Paola M, Bagnati R. An integrated approach, based on mass spectrometry, for the assessment of imidacloprid metabolism and penetration into mouse brain and fetus after oral treatment. Toxicology 2021; 462:152935. [PMID: 34509577 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Imidacloprid is an insecticide belonging to neonicotinoids, a class of agonists of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors that shows higher affinities in insects compared to mammals. However, recent evidence show that neonicotinoids can bind to the mammalian receptors, leading to detrimental responses in cultured neurons. We developed an analytical strategy which uses mass spectrometry with multiple reaction monitoring (targeted approach) and high-resolution acquisitions (untargeted approach), which were applied to quantify imidacloprid and to identify its metabolites in biological tissues after oral treatments of mice. Mouse dams were treated with doses from 0.118 mg/kg bw day up to 41 mg/kg day between gestational days 6-9. Results showed quantifiable levels of imidacloprid in plasma (from 30.48 to 5705 ng/mL) and brain (from 20.48 to 5852 ng/g) of treated mice, proving the passage through the mammalian blood-brain barrier with a high correspondence between doses and measured concentrations. Untargeted analyses allowed the identification of eight metabolites including imidacloprid-olefin, hydroxy-imidacloprid dihydroxy-imidacloprid, imidacloprid-nitrosimine, desnitro-imidacloprid, 6-chloronicotinic acid, 5-(methylsulfanyl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid and N-imidazolidin-2-ylidenenitramide in plasma and brain. Moreover, analysis of embryonic tissues after oral treatment of mouse dams showed detectable levels of imidacloprid (816.6 ng/g after a dose of 4.1 mg/Kg bw day and 5646 ng/g after a dose of 41 mg/Kg bw day) and its metabolites, proving the permeability of the placenta barrier. Although many studies have been reported on the neurotoxicity of neonicotinoids, our study paves the way for a risk assessment in neurodevelopmental toxicity, demostrating the capability of imidacloprid and its metabolites to pass the biological barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Passoni
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Mariani
- Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Comolli
- Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Fanelli
- Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano De Paola
- Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagnati
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
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Morosi L, Meroni M, Ubezio P, Fuso Nerini I, Minoli L, Porcu L, Panini N, Colombo M, Blouw B, Kang DW, Davoli E, Zucchetti M, D'Incalci M, Frapolli R. PEGylated recombinant human hyaluronidase (PEGPH20) pre-treatment improves intra-tumour distribution and efficacy of paclitaxel in preclinical models. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:286. [PMID: 34507591 PMCID: PMC8434701 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scarce drug penetration in solid tumours is one of the possible causes of the limited efficacy of chemotherapy and is related to the altered tumour microenvironment. The abnormal tumour extracellular matrix (ECM) together with abnormal blood and lymphatic vessels, reactive stroma and inflammation all affect the uptake, distribution and efficacy of anticancer drugs. METHODS We investigated the effect of PEGylated recombinant human hyaluronidase PH20 (PEGPH20) pre-treatment in degrading hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid; HA), one of the main components of the ECM, to improve the delivery of antitumor drugs and increase their therapeutic efficacy. The antitumor activity of paclitaxel (PTX) in HA synthase 3-overexpressing and wild-type SKOV3 ovarian cancer model and in the BxPC3 pancreas xenograft tumour model, was evaluated by monitoring tumour growth with or without PEGPH20 pre-treatment. Pharmacokinetics and tumour penetration of PTX were assessed by HPLC and mass spectrometry imaging analysis in the same tumour models. Tumour tissue architecture and HA deposition were analysed by histochemistry. RESULTS Pre-treatment with PEGPH20 modified tumour tissue architecture and improved the antitumor activity of paclitaxel in the SKOV3/HAS3 tumour model, favouring its accumulation and more homogeneous intra-tumour distribution, as assessed by quantitative and qualitative analysis. PEGPH20 also reduced HA content influencing, though less markedly, PTX distribution and antitumor activity in the BxPC3 tumour model. CONCLUSION Remodelling the stroma of HA-rich tumours by depletion of HA with PEGPH20 pre-treatment, is a potentially successful strategy to improve the intra-tumour distribution of anticancer drugs, increasing their therapeutic efficacy, without increasing toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Morosi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.,Present address: IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Meroni
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ubezio
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Fuso Nerini
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.,Present address: IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Minoli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy.,Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory (MAPLab), Fondazione UniMi, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Porcu
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicolò Panini
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Marika Colombo
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | | | - David W Kang
- Halozyme Therapeutics, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.,Present address: IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Present address: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Frapolli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology, via M. Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.
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16
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Davoli E, Zucchetti M, Matteo C, Ubezio P, D'Incalci M, Morosi L. THE SPACE DIMENSION AT THE MICRO LEVEL: MASS SPECTROMETRY IMAGING OF DRUGS IN TISSUES. Mass Spectrom Rev 2021; 40:201-214. [PMID: 32501572 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has seen remarkable development in recent years. The possibility of getting quantitative or semiquantitative data, while maintaining the spatial component in the tissues has opened up unique study possibilities. Now with a spatial window of few tens of microns, we can characterize the events occurring in tissue subcompartments in physiological and pathological conditions. For example, in oncology-especially in preclinical models-we can quantitatively measure drug distribution within tumors, correlating it with pharmacological treatments intended to modify it. We can also study the local effects of the drug in the tissue, and their effects in relation to histology. This review focuses on the main results in the field of drug MSI in clinical pharmacology, looking at the literature on the distribution of drugs in human tissues, and also the first preclinical evidence of drug intratissue effects. The main instrumental techniques are discussed, looking at the different instrumentation, sample preparation protocols, and raw data management employed to obtain the sensitivity required for these studies. Finally, we review the applications that describe in situ metabolic events and pathways induced by the drug, in animal models, showing that MSI makes it possible to study effects that go beyond the simple concentration of the drug, maintaining the space dimension. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Mass Spec Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Davoli
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Laboratory of Antitumoral Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Matteo
- Laboratory of Antitumoral Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ubezio
- Laboratory of Antitumoral Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- Laboratory of Antitumoral Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Lavinia Morosi
- Laboratory of Antitumoral Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Giordano S, Takeda S, Donadon M, Saiki H, Brunelli L, Pastorelli R, Cimino M, Soldani C, Franceschini B, Di Tommaso L, Lleo A, Yoshimura K, Nakajima H, Torzilli G, Davoli E. Rapid automated diagnosis of primary hepatic tumour by mass spectrometry and artificial intelligence. Liver Int 2020; 40:3117-3124. [PMID: 32662575 PMCID: PMC7754124 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Complete surgical resection with negative margin is one of the pillars in treatment of liver tumours. However, current techniques for intra-operative assessment of tumour resection margins are time-consuming and empirical. Mass spectrometry (MS) combined with artificial intelligence (AI) is useful for classifying tissues and provides valuable prognostic information. The aim of this study was to develop a MS-based system for rapid and objective liver cancer identification and classification. METHODS A large dataset derived from 222 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, 117 tumours and 105 non-tumours) and 96 patients with mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma (MFCCC, 50 tumours and 46 non-tumours) were analysed by Probe Electrospray Ionization (PESI) MS. AI by means of support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) algorithms was employed. For each classifier, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated. RESULTS The overall diagnostic accuracy exceeded 94% in both the AI algorithms. For identification of HCC vs non-tumour tissue, RF was the best, with 98.2% accuracy, 97.4% sensitivity and 99% specificity. For MFCCC vs non-tumour tissue, both algorithms gave 99.0% accuracy, 98% sensitivity and 100% specificity. CONCLUSIONS The herein reported MS-based system, combined with AI, permits liver cancer identification with high accuracy. Its bench-top size, minimal sample preparation and short working time are the main advantages. From diagnostics to therapeutics, it has the potential to influence the decision-making process in real-time with the ultimate aim of improving cancer patient cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Giordano
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryEnvironmental Health Sciences DepartmentIstituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilanItaly,Present address:
Shimadzu Italia SrlMilanItaly
| | - Sen Takeda
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyUniversity of Yamanashi Faculty of MedicineChuoJapan
| | - Matteo Donadon
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General SurgeryHumanitas UniversityHumanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCSMilanItaly,Laboratory of Hepatobiliary ImmunopathologyHumanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCSMilanItaly
| | | | - Laura Brunelli
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryEnvironmental Health Sciences DepartmentIstituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Roberta Pastorelli
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryEnvironmental Health Sciences DepartmentIstituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Matteo Cimino
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General SurgeryHumanitas UniversityHumanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCSMilanItaly,Laboratory of Hepatobiliary ImmunopathologyHumanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Cristiana Soldani
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General SurgeryHumanitas UniversityHumanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Barbara Franceschini
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General SurgeryHumanitas UniversityHumanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Luca Di Tommaso
- Department of PathologyHumanitas UniversityHumanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Ana Lleo
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary ImmunopathologyHumanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCSMilanItaly,Department of Internal MedicineHumanitas UniversityHumanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Kentaro Yoshimura
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyUniversity of Yamanashi Faculty of MedicineChuoJapan
| | | | - Guido Torzilli
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General SurgeryHumanitas UniversityHumanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCSMilanItaly,Laboratory of Hepatobiliary ImmunopathologyHumanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryEnvironmental Health Sciences DepartmentIstituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilanItaly
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Prasad M, Postma G, Franceschi P, Morosi L, Giordano S, Falcetta F, Giavazzi R, Davoli E, Buydens LMC, Jansen J. A methodological approach to correlate tumor heterogeneity with drug distribution profile in mass spectrometry imaging data. Gigascience 2020; 9:6006351. [PMID: 33241286 PMCID: PMC7688471 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giaa131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) data contain knowledge about drug and several other molecular ions present in a biological sample. However, a proper approach to fully explore the potential of such type of data is still missing. Therefore, a computational pipeline that combines different spatial and non-spatial methods is proposed to link the observed drug distribution profile with tumor heterogeneity in solid tumor. Our data analysis steps include pre-processing of MSI data, cluster analysis, drug local indicators of spatial association (LISA) map, and ions selection. RESULTS The number of clusters identified from different tumor tissues. The spatial homogeneity of the individual cluster was measured using a modified version of our drug homogeneity method. The clustered image and drug LISA map were simultaneously analyzed to link identified clusters with observed drug distribution profile. Finally, ions selection was performed using the spatially aware method. CONCLUSIONS In this paper, we have shown an approach to correlate the drug distribution with spatial heterogeneity in untargeted MSI data. Our approach is freely available in an R package 'CorrDrugTumorMSI'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Prasad
- IMM/ Analytical Chemistry, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Unit of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all' Adige, Italy
| | - Geert Postma
- IMM/ Analytical Chemistry, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Pietro Franceschi
- Unit of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all' Adige, Italy
| | - Lavinia Morosi
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa, 19-20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Giordano
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa, 19-20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Falcetta
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa, 19-20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa, 19-20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa, 19-20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Lutgarde M C Buydens
- IMM/ Analytical Chemistry, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Jansen
- IMM/ Analytical Chemistry, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Regoni M, Cattaneo S, Mercatelli D, Novello S, Passoni A, Bagnati R, Davoli E, Croci L, Consalez GG, Albanese F, Zanetti L, Passafaro M, Serratto GM, Di Fonzo A, Valtorta F, Ciammola A, Taverna S, Morari M, Sassone J. Pharmacological antagonism of kainate receptor rescues dysfunction and loss of dopamine neurons in a mouse model of human parkin-induced toxicity. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:963. [PMID: 33173027 PMCID: PMC7656261 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03172-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the PARK2 gene encoding the protein parkin cause autosomal recessive juvenile Parkinsonism (ARJP), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by dysfunction and death of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Since a neuroprotective therapy for ARJP does not exist, research efforts aimed at discovering targets for neuroprotection are critically needed. A previous study demonstrated that loss of parkin function or expression of parkin mutants associated with ARJP causes an accumulation of glutamate kainate receptors (KARs) in human brain tissues and an increase of KAR-mediated currents in neurons in vitro. Based on the hypothesis that such KAR hyperactivation may contribute to the death of nigral DA neurons, we investigated the effect of KAR antagonism on the DA neuron dysfunction and death that occur in the parkinQ311X mouse, a model of human parkin-induced toxicity. We found that early accumulation of KARs occurs in the DA neurons of the parkinQ311X mouse, and that chronic administration of the KAR antagonist UBP310 prevents DA neuron loss. This neuroprotective effect is associated with the rescue of the abnormal firing rate of nigral DA neurons and downregulation of GluK2, the key KAR subunit. This study provides novel evidence of a causal role of glutamate KARs in the DA neuron dysfunction and loss occurring in a mouse model of human parkin-induced toxicity. Our results support KAR as a potential target in the development of neuroprotective therapy for ARJP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Regoni
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Cattaneo
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Mercatelli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Salvatore Novello
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alice Passoni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagnati
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Croci
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Giacomo Consalez
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Albanese
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Letizia Zanetti
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Passafaro
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Via Luigi Vanvitelli 32, 20129, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Maia Serratto
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Via Luigi Vanvitelli 32, 20129, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza 28, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Neuroscience Section, Via Francesco Sforza 28, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Flavia Valtorta
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciammola
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefano Taverna
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Morari
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Jenny Sassone
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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20
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Van de Sande L, Rahimi‐Gorji M, Giordano S, Davoli E, Matteo C, Detlefsen S, D'Herde K, Braet H, Shariati M, Remaut K, Xie F, Debbaut C, Ghorbaniasl G, Cosyns S, Willaert W, Ceelen W. Electrostatic Intraperitoneal Aerosol Delivery of Nanoparticles: Proof of Concept and Preclinical Validation. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000655. [PMID: 32548967 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in intraperitoneal delivery of chemotherapy as an aerosol in patients with peritoneal metastasis. The currently used technology is hampered by inhomogenous drug delivery throughout the peritoneal cavity because of gravity, drag, and inertial impaction. Addition of an electrical force to aerosol particles, exerted by an electrostatic field, can improve spatial aerosol homogeneity and enhance tissue penetration. A computational fluid dynamics model shows that electrostatic precipitation (EP) results in a significantly improved aerosol distribution. Fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) remain stable after nebulization in vitro, while EP significantly improves spatial homogeneity of NP distribution. Next, pressurized intraperitoneal chemotherapy with and without EP using NP albumin bound paclitaxel (Nab-PTX) in a novel rat model is examined. EP does not worsen the effects of CO2 insufflation and intraperitoneal Nab-PTX on mesothelial structural integrity or the severity of peritoneal inflammation. Importantly, EP significantly enhances tissue penetration of Nab-PTX in the anatomical regions not facing the nozzle of the nebulizer. Also, the addition of EP leads to more homogenous peritoneal tissue concentrations of Nab-PTX, in parallel with higher plasma concentrations. In conclusion, EP enhances spatial homogeneity and tissue uptake after intraperitoneal nebulization of anticancer NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leen Van de Sande
- Department of Human Structure and RepairGhent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Mohammad Rahimi‐Gorji
- Department of Human Structure and RepairGhent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
- IBiTech – bioMMedaGhent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Silvia Giordano
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryIstituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS Via Mario Negri 2 Milan 20156 Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryIstituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS Via Mario Negri 2 Milan 20156 Italy
| | - Cristina Matteo
- Cancer Pharmacology LaboratoryIstituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS Via Mario Negri 2 Milan 20156 Italy
| | - Sönke Detlefsen
- Department of PathologyOdense University Hospital J.B. Winsløws Vej 4 Odense 5000 Denmark
- Department of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern Denmark Winsløwsparken 19 Odense 5000 Denmark
| | - Katharina D'Herde
- Department of Human Structure and RepairGhent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Helena Braet
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical PharmacyFaculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesGhent University Ottergemsesteenweg 460 Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Molood Shariati
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical PharmacyFaculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesGhent University Ottergemsesteenweg 460 Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Katrien Remaut
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical PharmacyFaculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesGhent University Ottergemsesteenweg 460 Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Feifan Xie
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical AnalysisFaculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesGhent University Ottergemsesteenweg 460 Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Charlotte Debbaut
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
- IBiTech – bioMMedaGhent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Ghader Ghorbaniasl
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringVrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Pleinlaan 2 Brussels 1050 Belgium
| | - Sarah Cosyns
- Department of Human Structure and RepairGhent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Wouter Willaert
- Department of Human Structure and RepairGhent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Wim Ceelen
- Department of Human Structure and RepairGhent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
- Department of Human Structure and RepairGhent University Corneel Heymanslaan 10 Ghent 9000 Belgium
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Morosi L, Matteo C, Ceruti T, Giordano S, Ponzo M, Frapolli R, Zucchetti M, Davoli E, D'Incalci M, Ubezio P. Quantitative determination of niraparib and olaparib tumor distribution by mass spectrometry imaging. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1363-1375. [PMID: 32210725 PMCID: PMC7085221 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.41395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Optimal intratumor distribution of an anticancer drug is fundamental to reach an active concentration in neoplastic cells, ensuring the therapeutic effect. Determination of drug concentration in tumor homogenates by LC-MS/MS gives important information about this issue but the spatial information gets lost. Targeted mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has great potential to visualize drug distribution in the different areas of tumor sections, with good spatial resolution and superior specificity. MSI is rapidly evolving as a quantitative technique to measure the absolute drug concentration in each single pixel. Methods: Different inorganic nanoparticles were tested as matrices to visualize the PARP inhibitors (PARPi) niraparib and olaparib. Normalization by deuterated internal standard and a custom preprocessing pipeline were applied to achieve a reliable single pixel quantification of the two drugs in human ovarian tumors from treated mice. Results: A quantitative method to visualize niraparib and olaparib in tumor tissue of treated mice was set up and validated regarding precision, accuracy, linearity, repeatability and limit of detection. The different tumor penetration of the two drugs was visualized by MSI and confirmed by LC-MS/MS, indicating the homogeneous distribution and higher tumor exposure reached by niraparib compared to olaparib. On the other hand, niraparib distribution was heterogeneous in an ovarian tumor model overexpressing the multidrug resistance protein P-gp, a possible cause of resistance to PARPi. Conclusions: The current work highlights for the first time quantitative distribution of PAPRi in tumor tissue. The different tumor distribution of niraparib and olaparib could have important clinical implications. These data confirm the validity of MSI for spatial quantitative measurement of drug distribution providing fundamental information for pharmacokinetic studies, drug discovery and the study of resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Morosi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
| | - Cristina Matteo
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
| | - Tommaso Ceruti
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
| | - Silvia Giordano
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry
| | - Marianna Ponzo
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
| | - Roberta Frapolli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
| | - Paolo Ubezio
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Oncology
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22
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Bagnati R, Terzaghi E, Passoni A, Davoli E, Fattore E, Maspero A, Palmisano G, Zanardini E, Borin S, Di Guardo A. Identification of Sulfonated and Hydroxy-Sulfonated Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Metabolites in Soil: New Classes of Intermediate Products of PCB Degradation? Environ Sci Technol 2019; 53:10601-10611. [PMID: 31412202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we describe the identification of two classes of contaminants: sulfonated-PCBs and hydroxy-sulfonated-PCBs. This is the first published report of the detection of these chemicals in soil. They were found, along with hydroxy-PCBs, in soil samples coming from a site historically contaminated by the industrial production of PCBs and in background soils. Sulfonated-PCB levels were approximately 0.4-0.8% of the native PCB levels in soils and about twice the levels of hydroxy-sulfonated-PCBs and hydroxy-PCBs. The identification of sulfonated-PCBs was confirmed by the chemical synthesis of reference standards, obtained through the sulfonation of an industrial mixture of PCBs. We then reviewed the literature to investigate for the potential agents responsible for the sulfonation. Furthermore, we predicted their physicochemical properties and indicate that, given the low pKa of sulfonated- and hydroxy-sulfonated-PCBs, they possess negligible volatility, supporting the case for in situ formation from PCBs. This study shows the need of understanding their origin, their role in the degradation path of PCBs, and their fate, as well as their (still unknown) toxicological and ecotoxicological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Bagnati
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences , Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS , Via Mario Negri 2 , 20156 Milan , Italy
| | - Elisa Terzaghi
- Department of Science and High Technology , University of Insubria , Via Valleggio 11 , 22100 Como , Italy
| | - Alice Passoni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences , Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS , Via Mario Negri 2 , 20156 Milan , Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences , Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS , Via Mario Negri 2 , 20156 Milan , Italy
| | - Elena Fattore
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences , Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS , Via Mario Negri 2 , 20156 Milan , Italy
| | - Angelo Maspero
- Department of Science and High Technology , University of Insubria , Via Valleggio 11 , 22100 Como , Italy
| | - Giovanni Palmisano
- Department of Science and High Technology , University of Insubria , Via Valleggio 11 , 22100 Como , Italy
| | - Elisabetta Zanardini
- Department of Science and High Technology , University of Insubria , Via Valleggio 11 , 22100 Como , Italy
| | - Sara Borin
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences , University of Milan , Via Celoria 2 , 20133 Milan , Italy
| | - Antonio Di Guardo
- Department of Science and High Technology , University of Insubria , Via Valleggio 11 , 22100 Como , Italy
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Corli O, Davoli E, Medana C, Garattini S. Cannabis as a medicine. An update of the Italian reality. Eur J Intern Med 2019; 60:e9-e10. [PMID: 30391166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Corli
- Pain and Palliative Care Research Unit, Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy.
| | - Claudio Medana
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Department, Universita' degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
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Liu X, Lugo A, Davoli E, Gorini G, Pacifici R, Fernández E, Gallus S. Electronic cigarettes in Italy: a tool for harm reduction or a gateway to smoking tobacco? Tob Control 2019. [PMID: 30659103 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol‐2018‐054726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION More than a decade after electronic cigarettes (e-cigarette) hit the European market, we are still debating whether they may help or hinder tobacco control. It is therefore useful to explore the potential net effect of e-cigarette use in the general population. METHODS We annually conduct a face-to-face survey on smoking in Italy on a representative sample of the general population aged 15 years or over (52.4 million). A total of 15 406 subjects were interviewed in 2014-2018. We investigated the consequences of using e-cigarettes on tobacco smoking behaviour among ever and regular e-cigarette users. RESULTS In all, 5.7% of our sample reported ever e-cigarette use. Multivariate analyses showed more use by men, ex-smokers and current smokers. E-cigarette use decreased with age and increased with education and calendar year. Only 1.1% of subjects were regular e-cigarette users. This prevalence rose from 0.4% in 2014-2015 to 1.8% in 2016-2017 and was 1.3% in 2018. Among 522 ever users, 13.2% stopped smoking after trying e-cigarettes and 22.2% started smoking or relapsed after using e-cigarettes. The corresponding estimates among regular users were 24.7% and 28.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Among Italian e-cigarette users, those (re)starting smoking after using e-cigarettes outnumber those who stop smoking after using e-cigarettes. From a public health point of view, e-cigarettes may have an unfavourable net effect. Consequently, if we are not able to prevent sales of e-cigarettes to non-smokers, this product will more likely stimulate smoking tobacco than reduce harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiu Liu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lugo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gorini
- Oncological Network, Prevention and Research Institute (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Pacifici
- National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Esteve Fernández
- Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO)-Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvano Gallus
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
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25
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Liu X, Lugo A, Davoli E, Gorini G, Pacifici R, Fernández E, Gallus S. Electronic cigarettes in Italy: a tool for harm reduction or a gateway to smoking tobacco? Tob Control 2019; 29:148-152. [PMID: 30659103 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION More than a decade after electronic cigarettes (e-cigarette) hit the European market, we are still debating whether they may help or hinder tobacco control. It is therefore useful to explore the potential net effect of e-cigarette use in the general population. METHODS We annually conduct a face-to-face survey on smoking in Italy on a representative sample of the general population aged 15 years or over (52.4 million). A total of 15 406 subjects were interviewed in 2014-2018. We investigated the consequences of using e-cigarettes on tobacco smoking behaviour among ever and regular e-cigarette users. RESULTS In all, 5.7% of our sample reported ever e-cigarette use. Multivariate analyses showed more use by men, ex-smokers and current smokers. E-cigarette use decreased with age and increased with education and calendar year. Only 1.1% of subjects were regular e-cigarette users. This prevalence rose from 0.4% in 2014-2015 to 1.8% in 2016-2017 and was 1.3% in 2018. Among 522 ever users, 13.2% stopped smoking after trying e-cigarettes and 22.2% started smoking or relapsed after using e-cigarettes. The corresponding estimates among regular users were 24.7% and 28.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Among Italian e-cigarette users, those (re)starting smoking after using e-cigarettes outnumber those who stop smoking after using e-cigarettes. From a public health point of view, e-cigarettes may have an unfavourable net effect. Consequently, if we are not able to prevent sales of e-cigarettes to non-smokers, this product will more likely stimulate smoking tobacco than reduce harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiu Liu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lugo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gorini
- Oncological Network, Prevention and Research Institute (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Pacifici
- National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Esteve Fernández
- Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO)-Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvano Gallus
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
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Riva F, Zuccato E, Davoli E, Fattore E, Castiglioni S. Risk assessment of a mixture of emerging contaminants in surface water in a highly urbanized area in Italy. J Hazard Mater 2019; 361:103-110. [PMID: 30176408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.07.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A complex mixture of emerging contaminants (ECs) occurs in the environment, with potential effects for aquatic organisms and human health. This study assessed the environmental risk of a mixture of ECs detected in the most urbanized and industrialized area of Italy. Water samples were collected in the Lambro river basin to the north and south of Milan, and were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) was performed calculating the Risk Quotients (RQs) for each EC as the ratio of Measured Concentrations (MECs) and Predicted No Effect Concentrations. The ERA was also conducted for the whole mixture of ECs by considering the RQs of the components. The results confirmed that ECs are ubiquitous in urbanized areas. The ERA for the single pollutants identified a panel of substances of environmental concern (estrogens, amoxicillin, clarythromycin, triclosan and nicotine). The ERA for the mixture indicated a potential cumulative risk for the substances that individually could be considered safe, highlighting the importance of taking the whole mixture of ECs into account for the ERA. This information may help establish EU regulations for ECs and environmental quality standards for regulatory purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Riva
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Environmental Health Science, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
| | - Ettore Zuccato
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Environmental Health Science, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Environmental Health Science, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Fattore
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Environmental Health Science, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Castiglioni
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Environmental Health Science, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
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Prasad M, Postma G, Morosi L, Giordano S, Giavazzi R, D'Incalci M, Falcetta F, Davoli E, Jansen J, Franceschi P. Drug-Homogeneity Index in Mass-Spectrometry Imaging. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13257-13264. [PMID: 30359532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Enhancing drug penetration in solid tumors is an interesting clinical issue of considerable importance. In preclinical research, mass-spectrometry imaging is a promising technique for visualizing drug distribution in tumors under different treatment conditions and its application in this field is rapidly increasing. However, in view of the huge variability among MSI data sets, drug homogeneity is usually manually assessed by an expert, and this approach is biased by interobserver variability and lacks reproducibility. We propose a new texture-based feature, the drug-homogeneity index (DHI), which provides an objective, automated measure of drug homogeneity in MSI data. A simulation study on synthetic data sets showed that previously known texture features do not give an accurate picture of intratumor drug-distribution patterns and are easily influenced by the tumor-tissue morphology. The DHI has been used to study the distribution profile of the anticancer drug paclitaxel in various xenograft models, which were either pretreated or not pretreated with antiangiogenesis compounds. The conclusion is that drug homogeneity is better in the pretreated condition, which is in agreement with previous experimental findings published by our group. This study shows that DHI could be useful in preclinical studies as a new parameter for the evaluation of protocols for better drug penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Prasad
- Unit of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Centre , Fondazione Edmund Mach , via E. Mach 1 , 38010 San Michele all'Adige , Italy.,Nanotechnology in Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences , Università di Torino , 10124 Torino , Italy.,IMM/Analytical Chemistry , Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg , 6525 AJ Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Geert Postma
- IMM/Analytical Chemistry , Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg , 6525 AJ Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Lavinia Morosi
- Department of Oncology , IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri , Via La Masa 19 , 20156 Milan , Italy
| | - Silvia Giordano
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory , IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri , Via La Masa 19 , 20156 Milan , Italy
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Department of Oncology , IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri , Via La Masa 19 , 20156 Milan , Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- Department of Oncology , IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri , Via La Masa 19 , 20156 Milan , Italy
| | - Francesca Falcetta
- Department of Oncology , IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri , Via La Masa 19 , 20156 Milan , Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory , IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri , Via La Masa 19 , 20156 Milan , Italy
| | - Jeroen Jansen
- IMM/Analytical Chemistry , Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg , 6525 AJ Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Pietro Franceschi
- Unit of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Centre , Fondazione Edmund Mach , via E. Mach 1 , 38010 San Michele all'Adige , Italy
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Fattore E, Bagnati R, Colombo A, Fanelli R, Miniero R, Brambilla G, Di Domenico A, Roncarati A, Davoli E. Perfuorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS), Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA), Brominated Dioxins (PBDDs) and Furans (PBDFs) in Wild and Farmed Organisms at Different Trophic Levels in the Mediterranean Sea. Toxics 2018; 6:E50. [PMID: 30135353 PMCID: PMC6161014 DOI: 10.3390/toxics6030050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study shows the results of perfuorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), brominated dioxins (PBDDs) and furans (PBDFs) measured in several marine fish and seafood of commercial interest at different trophic levels of the food chain. The aims were to investigate the level of the contamination in Mediterranean aquatic wildlife, and in farmed fish, to assess human exposure associated to fishery products consumption. Samples of wild fish were collected during three different sampling campaigns in different Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 37 areas of the Mediterranean Sea. In addition, farmed fish (gilthead sea bream and European sea bass) from off-shore cages from different marine aquaculture plants. Results showed contamination values of PFOS and PFOA were lower than those detected in sea basins other than the Mediterranean Sea. Concentration values of PFOS were generally higher than those of PFOA; moreover, levels in farmed fish were lower than in wild samples from the Mediterranean Sea. Intake of PFOS and PFOA through fishery products consumption was estimated to be 2.12 and 0.24 ng/kg·BW·day, respectively, for high consumers (95th percentile). Results of 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners of PBDDs and PBDFs were almost all below the limit of detection (LOD), making it difficult to establish the contribution of these compounds to the total contamination of dioxin-like compounds in fish and fishery products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fattore
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy.
| | - Renzo Bagnati
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy.
| | - Andrea Colombo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy.
| | - Roberto Fanelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy.
| | - Roberto Miniero
- Toxicological Chemistry Unit, Environment Department, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Gianfranco Brambilla
- Toxicological Chemistry Unit, Environment Department, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Di Domenico
- Toxicological Chemistry Unit, Environment Department, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Roncarati
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, I-62024 Matelica, Italy.
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy.
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Falcetta F, Morosi L, Ubezio P, Giordano S, Decio A, Giavazzi R, Frapolli R, Prasad M, Franceschi P, D'Incalci M, Davoli E. Past-in-the-Future. Peak detection improves targeted mass spectrometry imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1042:1-10. [PMID: 30428975 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging is a valuable tool for visualizing the localization of drugs in tissues, a critical issue especially in cancer pharmacology where treatment failure may depend on poor drug distribution within the tumours. Proper preprocessing procedures are mandatory to obtain quantitative data of drug distribution in tumours, even at low intensity, through reliable ion peak identification and integration. We propose a simple preprocessing and quantification pipeline. This pipeline was designed starting from classical peak integration methods, developed when "microcomputers" became available for chromatography, now applied to MSI. This pre-processing approach is based on a novel method using the fixed mass difference between the analyte and its 5 d derivatives to set up a mass range gate. We demonstrate the use of this pipeline for the evaluating the distribution of the anticancer drug paclitaxel in tumour sections. The procedure takes advantage of a simple peak analysis and allows to quantify the drug concentration in each pixel with a limit of detection below 0.1 pmol mm-2 or 10 μg g-1. Quantitative images of paclitaxel distribution in different tumour models were obtained and average paclitaxel concentrations were compared with HPLC measures in the same specimens, showing <20% difference. The scripts are developed in Python and available through GitHub, at github.com/FrancescaFalcetta/Imaging_of_drugs_distribution_and_quantifications.git.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Falcetta
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Lavinia Morosi
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ubezio
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Giordano
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Decio
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Frapolli
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Mridula Prasad
- IMM/Analytical Chemistry, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Biostatistics and Data Management Group, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010, San Michele all' Adige, Italy; Nanotechnology in Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Università di Torino, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Pietro Franceschi
- Biostatistics and Data Management Group, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010, San Michele all' Adige, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy.
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Castiglioni S, Davoli E, Riva F, Palmiotto M, Camporini P, Manenti A, Zuccato E. Mass balance of emerging contaminants in the water cycle of a highly urbanized and industrialized area of Italy. Water Res 2018; 131:287-298. [PMID: 29306200 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of several classes of emerging contaminants (ECs) was assessed in the River Lambro basin, one of the most urbanized and industrialized areas of Italy. The study aims were to identify the main sources of ECs, quantify their amounts circulating in the water cycle, and study their fate in the aquatic environment. More than 80 ECs were selected among pharmaceuticals (PHARM), personal care products (PCPs), disinfectants (DIS), illicit drugs (IDs), perfluorinated compounds (PERF), alkylphenols and bisphenol A (Alk-BPA), and anthropogenic markers (AM). Specific analytical methods were developed for quantitative analysis based on solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. ECs were measured in rivers upstream and downstream of the main city (Milan), and in untreated and treated wastewater from Milan to assess the contribution to river contamination, and in superficial and deep groundwater in the city area to study the relationship between river and groundwater contamination. Samples were collected in a two-year monitoring campaign. Almost all ECs were ubiquitous in untreated wastewater, at concentrations up to the μg/L range, and the most abundant classes were PHARM and AM. Removals during different wastewater treatment processes were studied and the most stable substances were PHARM, PCPs and PERF. The mass loads increased for all the classes of ECs along the River Lambro basin. A mass balance was done in the river basin and allowed to identify the main sources of contamination, which were domestic, from treated or untreated wastewater, for PHARM, PCPs and IDs, mainly industrial for PERF, and both industrial and domestic for Alk-BPA. The study of AM helped to identify direct discharges of untreated wastewater. A substantial contribution of surface water to groundwater contamination was observed. This study improves the knowledge on occurrence, sources and fate of multiple classes of ECs in a highly urbanized area providing useful information to help the establishment of EU regulations for ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Castiglioni
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
| | - Enrico Davoli
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Riva
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Marinella Palmiotto
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Camporini
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Manenti
- Metropolitana Milanese S.p.A., Area Acquedotto, Via Giuseppe Meda 44, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Ettore Zuccato
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
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Toropov AA, Toropova AP, Cappellini L, Benfenati E, Davoli E. QSPR analysis of threshold of odor for the large number of heterogenic chemicals. Mol Divers 2017; 22:397-403. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-017-9800-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Morosi L, Giordano S, Falcetta F, Frapolli R, Licandro SA, Matteo C, Zucchetti M, Ubezio P, Erba E, Visentin S, D'Incalci M, Davoli E. Application of 3D Mass Spectrometry Imaging to TKIs. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2017; 102:748-751. [DOI: 10.1002/cpt.786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Morosi
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Pharmacology Laboratory; IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; Milano Italy
| | - Silvia Giordano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory; IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; Milano Italy
| | - Francesca Falcetta
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Pharmacology Laboratory; IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; Milano Italy
| | - Roberta Frapolli
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Pharmacology Laboratory; IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; Milano Italy
| | - Simonetta A. Licandro
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Pharmacology Laboratory; IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; Milano Italy
| | - Cristina Matteo
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Pharmacology Laboratory; IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; Milano Italy
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Pharmacology Laboratory; IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; Milano Italy
| | - Paolo Ubezio
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Pharmacology Laboratory; IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; Milano Italy
| | - Eugenio Erba
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Pharmacology Laboratory; IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; Milano Italy
| | - Sonja Visentin
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Pharmacology Laboratory; IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; Milano Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory; IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; Milano Italy
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Re Depaolini A, Bianchi G, Fornai D, Cardelli A, Badalassi M, Cardelli C, Davoli E. Physical and chemical characterization of representative samples of recycled rubber from end-of-life tires. Chemosphere 2017; 184:1320-1326. [PMID: 28679152 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A large number of end-of-life tires (ELTs) were sampled and classified by type, age and origin to obtain recycled rubber samples representative of the materials placed on the Italian market. The selected recycled tire rubber samples were physically and chemically characterized and a chemometric approach was used to determine correlations. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) content was correlated to the aromaticity index and a model was built to establish the H-Bay aromaticity index (H-Bay) from the PAH concentrations. ELT of different origin and age produced in non-European countries generally had higher PAH content and a higher H-Bay index. H-Bay values of all the samples were lower than the REACH limits and old tires had higher aromatic content than recent ones, possibly due to the replacement of aromatic oils in tire production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Re Depaolini
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Department, IRCCS Istituto Mario Negri, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milano, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Bianchi
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Department, IRCCS Istituto Mario Negri, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Fornai
- Ecopneus Scpa, Via Messina 38, Torre B, 20154, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Department, IRCCS Istituto Mario Negri, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milano, Italy.
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Davoli E, Bastone A, Bianchi G, Salmona M, Diomede L. A simple headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method for the quantitative determination of the release of the antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene from chewing gum. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2017; 31:859-864. [PMID: 28297743 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) are widely used to prevent oxidation and rancidity in foodstuffs, pharmaceutical preparations and cosmetic formulations. Although their safety has been thoroughly investigated, possible endocrine side-effects have been suggested. A useful method for the determination of BHA and BHT in foods is needed to estimate their daily intake through the diet. METHODS We selected commercial chewing gums as a model of a complex food matrix and developed a new method based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. This allows the determination of 130 pg/gum of BHA and 9 pg/gum of BHT. RESULTS Analysis of different chewing gums from the European market indicated that the two antioxidants were never used together and that the content of BHA was in the range of 220-348 μg/gum and BHT ranged from 278 up to 479 μg/gum. These amounts correspond to 86-157 mg/kg gum for BHA and 170-185 mg/kg gum for BHT, and are both within the maximum levels established by the European Food Safety Authority. Chewing a piece of gum for 15 min resulted in the release of up to 28% of BHA, but no release of BHT was detectable. CONCLUSIONS A new, simple and rapid method for the determination of BHA and BHT in chewing gums was described. This analytical method, based on headspace sampling, did not require the extraction of antioxidants from chewing gum samples, assuring the absence of any gum material contaminants that might affect the instrumentation. It is also automatable, employing a sequential automatic sampler. This method could be of interest to academic researchers and to food industrialists looking for a new methodological approach for BHA and BHT determination in foodstuffs with complex matrices. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via G. La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Bastone
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via G. La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Bianchi
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via G. La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Salmona
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via G. La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Diomede
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via G. La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
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Sala C, Medana C, Pellegrino R, Aigotti R, Bello FD, Bianchi G, Davoli E. Dynamic measurement of newly formed carbonyl compounds in vapors from electronic cigarettes. Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester) 2017; 23:64-69. [PMID: 28657413 DOI: 10.1177/1469066717699078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the formation of carbonyl compound within e-cigarettes usage has been reported. The aim of this study was to develop a new analytical method for the direct analysis of carbonyl compounds in vaporized liquids. Two different types of e-cigarettes and different puff's duration have been evaluated, using a modified smoking machine for vapor generation. An isotopic dilution approach, based on deuterated internal standard addition to the e-liquid before filling the e-cigarette tank, has been developed. Carbonyl compounds have been sampled in vapors using a direct, simple, solid-phase microextraction technique with on-fiber derivatization. Related oximes have been analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry technique. Results confirmed that new carbonyl compounds are formed during the vaping process, and that formation depends both from the heating device and from puffing topography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Sala
- 1 Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudio Medana
- 1 Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pellegrino
- 2 Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Aigotti
- 1 Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Dal Bello
- 1 Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Bianchi
- 2 Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- 2 Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
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Di Guardo A, Terzaghi E, Raspa G, Borin S, Mapelli F, Chouaia B, Zanardini E, Morosini C, Colombo A, Fattore E, Davoli E, Armiraglio S, Sale VM, Anelli S, Nastasio P. Differentiating current and past PCB and PCDD/F sources: The role of a large contaminated soil site in an industrialized city area. Environ Pollut 2017; 223:367-375. [PMID: 28118998 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cities and contaminated areas can be primary or secondary sources of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and other chemicals, into air and soil and can influence the regional level of some of these pollutants. In a contaminated site, the evaluation of such emissions can be crucial in the choice of the remediation technology to be adopted. In the city of Brescia (Northern Italy), more than 100 ha of agricultural areas were contaminated with PCBs, PCDD/Fs and heavy metals, originating from the activities of a former PCB factory. In order to evaluate the current emissions of PCBs and PCDD/Fs from the contaminated site, in a location where other current sources are present, we compared measured and predicted air concentrations, resulting from chemical volatilization from soils as well as fingerprints of Brescia soils and of soils contaminated by specific sources. The results confirm that the contaminated area is still a current and important secondary source of PCBs to the air, and to a lesser extent of PCDFs (especially the more volatile), but not for PCDDs. PCBs in soils have fingerprints similar to highly chlorinated mixtures, indicating contamination by these mixtures and/or a long weathering process. PCB 209 is also present at important levels. PCDD fingerprints in soil cannot be related to current emission sources, while PCDFs are compatible to industrial and municipal waste incineration, although weathering and/or natural attenuation may have played a role in modifying such soil fingerprints. Finally, we combined chemical and microbiological analyses to provide an integrated approach to evaluate soil fingerprints and their variation in a wider perspective, which accounts for the mutual effects between contamination and soil microbiota, a pivotal hint for addressing in situ bioremediation activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisa Terzaghi
- DiSAT, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, Como, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Raspa
- DCEME, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Borin
- DeFENS, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Bessem Chouaia
- DeFENS, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Colombo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche ''Mario Negri'', Via La Masa 19, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Fattore
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche ''Mario Negri'', Via La Masa 19, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche ''Mario Negri'', Via La Masa 19, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Armiraglio
- Municipality of Brescia - Museum of Natural Sciences, Via Ozanam 4, Brescia, Italy
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Pargoletti E, Mostoni S, Rassu G, Pifferi V, Meroni D, Falciola L, Davoli E, Marelli M, Cappelletti G. Zn- vs Bi-based oxides for o-toluidine photocatalytic treatment under solar light. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:8287-8296. [PMID: 28160178 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8430-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The photodegradation of the highly toxic o-toluidine pollutant was deeply investigated both under UV and solar irradiations by using three different semiconductors: pure ZnO, Bi-impregnated ZnO, and Bi2O3 nanopowders (synthesized by precipitating method). All the samples were deeply characterized on structural, morphological, surface, and optical points of view. The disappearance and the relative mineralization of o-toluidine molecules were followed by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and total organic carbon (TOC) determinations, respectively. Hence, correlations between their physico-chemical properties and the photocatalytic performances, passing from UV to solar light, were drawn and a hypothesis on the photodegradation mechanism has been proposed, on the basis of the HPLC/MS results. Bare Bi2O3 samples, due to the exploitation of both their visible light absorption and the negligible intermediates formation, resulted to be higher performing under solar irradiation than either pure or Bi-doped ZnO nanopowders. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pargoletti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), via Giusti 9, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - S Mostoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125, Milan, Italy
| | - G Rassu
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - V Pifferi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), via Giusti 9, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - D Meroni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), via Giusti 9, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - L Falciola
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), via Giusti 9, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - E Davoli
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - M Marelli
- CNR-ISTM/ISTeM, via Fantoli 15/16, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - G Cappelletti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), via Giusti 9, 50121, Florence, Italy.
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Coccolini F, Acocella F, Morosi L, Brizzola S, Ghiringhelli M, Ceresoli M, Davoli E, Ansaloni L, D'Incalci M, Zucchetti M. High Penetration of Paclitaxel in Abdominal Wall of Rabbits after Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Administration of Nab-Paclitaxel Compared to Standard Paclitaxel Formulation. Pharm Res 2017; 34:1180-1186. [PMID: 28247168 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Paclitaxel (PTX) is currently used in combination with cisplatin for Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) for the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Albumin-bound PTX is a promising new drug for HIPEC because of its easy solubility in aqueous perfusion medium and possibly because of the tendency of albumin to cross physiological barriers and accumulate in tumor tissue. METHODS We tested the feasibility of using nab-paclitaxel in rabbits treated by HIPEC for 60 min compared with the classical formulation at an equivalent PTX dose. Samples of perfusate and blood were collected at different time points and peritoneal tissues were collected at the end of perfusion. PTX concentrations were determined by HPLC. The depth of paclitaxel penetration through the peritoneal barrier was assessed by mass spectrometry imaging. RESULTS PTX after nab-paclitaxel treatment penetrated up to 0.63 mm in the peritoneal wall, but after CRE-paclitaxel, it was not detectable in the peritoneum. Moreover, the peritoneal concentration after nab-paclitaxel was five times that after paclitaxel classical formulation. Despite the high levels reached in the peritoneum, systemic exposure of PTX was low. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that nab-paclitaxel penetrates into the abdominal wall better than CRE-paclitaxel, in terms of effective penetration and peritoneal tissue concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Coccolini
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery Department Papa Giovanni XXIII hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Fabio Acocella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lavinia Morosi
- Oncology Department, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefano Brizzola
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Ghiringhelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Ceresoli
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery Department Papa Giovanni XXIII hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Ansaloni
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery Department Papa Giovanni XXIII hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- Oncology Department, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Oncology Department, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
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Toropov AA, Toropova AP, Cappellini L, Benfenati E, Davoli E. Odor threshold prediction by means of the Monte Carlo method. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2016; 133:390-394. [PMID: 27500544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A large set of organic compounds (n=906) has been used as a basis to build up a model for the odor threshold (mg/m(3)). The statistical characteristics of the best model are the following: n=523, r(2)=0.647, RMSE=1.18 (training set); n=191, r(2)=0.610, RMSE=1.03, (calibration set); and n=192, r(2)=0.686, RMSE=1.06 (validation set). A mechanistic interpretation of the model is presented as the lists of statistical promoters of the increase and decrease in the odor threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A Toropov
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alla P Toropova
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Cappellini
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Benfenati
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Milan, Italy
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Fattore E, Davoli E, Castiglioni S, Bosetti C, Re Depaolini A, Marzona I, Zuccato E, Fanelli R. Wastewater-based epidemiological evaluation of the effect of air pollution on short-acting beta-agonist consumption for acute asthma treatment. Environ Res 2016; 150:106-111. [PMID: 27281687 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Asthma, one of the most common chronic diseases in the world and a leading cause of hospitalization among children, has been associated with outdoor air pollution. We applied the wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) approach to study the association between the use of salbutamol, a short-acting beta-agonist used to treat acute bronchospasm, and air pollution in the population of Milan, Italy. Composite 24-h samples of untreated wastewater were collected daily and analyzed for human metabolic residues of salbutamol by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Corresponding daily outdoor concentrations of particular matter up to 10µm (PM10) and 2.5µm (PM2.5) in aerodynamic diameter, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, sulfur dioxide, and benzene were collected from the public air monitoring network. Associations at different lag times (0-10 days) were assessed by a log-linear Poisson regression model. We found significant direct associations between defined daily doses (DDD) of salbutamol and mean daily concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 up to nine days of lag time. The highest rate ratio, and 95% confidence interval (CI), of DDD of salbutamol was 1.06 (95% CI: 1.02-1.10) and 1.07 (95% CI: 1.02-1.12) at seven days of lag time and for an increase of 10 μg/m(3) of PM10 and PM2.5, respectively. Reducing the mean daily PM10 concentration in Milan from 50 to 30μg/m(3) means that 852 (95% CI: 483-1504) daily doses of salbutamol per day would not be used. These results confirm the association between asthma and outdoor PM10 and PM2.5 and prove the potential of the WBE approach to quantitatively estimate the relation between environmental exposures and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fattore
- Department of Environmental Health Science, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Science, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Castiglioni
- Department of Environmental Health Science, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
| | - Cristina Bosetti
- Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
| | - Andrea Re Depaolini
- Department of Environmental Health Science, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
| | - Irene Marzona
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
| | - Ettore Zuccato
- Department of Environmental Health Science, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
| | - Roberto Fanelli
- Department of Environmental Health Science, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
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Depaolini AR, Fattore E, Cappelli F, Pellegrino R, Castiglioni S, Zuccato E, Fanelli R, Davoli E. Source discrimination of drug residues in wastewater: The case of salbutamol. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1023-1024:62-7. [PMID: 27200473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Analytical methods used for pharmaceuticals and drugs of abuse in sewage play a fundamental role in wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) studies. Here quantitative analysis of drug metabolites in raw wastewaters is used to determine consumption from general population. Its great advantage in public health studies is that it gives objective, real-time data about community use of chemicals, highlighting the relationship between environmental and human health. Within a WBE study on salbutamol use in a large population, we developed a procedure to distinguish human metabolic excretion from external source of contamination, possibly industrial, in wastewaters. Salbutamol is mainly excreted as the sulphate metabolite, which is rapidly hydrolyzed to the parent compound in the environment, so this is currently not detected. When a molecule is either excreted un-metabolized or its metabolites are unstable in the environment, studies can be completed by monitoring the parent compound. In this case it is mandatory to assess whether the drug in wastewater is present because of population use or because of a specific source of contamination, such as industrial manufacturing waste. Because commercial salbutamol mainly occurs as a racemic mixture and is stereoselective in the human metabolism, the enantiomeric relative fraction (EFrel) in wastewater samples should reflect excretion, being unbalanced towards one of two enantiomers, if the drug is of metabolic origin. The procedure described involves chiral analysis of the salbutamol enantiomers by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) and calculation of EFrel, to detect samples where external contamination occurs. Samples were collected daily between October and December 2013 from the Milano Nosedo wastewater treatment plant. Carbamazepine and atenolol were measured in the sewage collector, as "control" drugs. Salbutamol EFrel was highly consistent in all samples during this three-month period, but a limited number of samples had unexpectedly high concentrations where the EFrel was close to that observed of the un-metabolized, commercially available drug, supporting the idea of an external source of contamination, besides human metabolic excretion. Results showed that, when present, non-metabolic daily loads could be evaluated indicating an average of 4.12g/day of salbutamol extra load due to non-metabolic sources. The stereoselectivity in metabolism and enantiomeric ratio analysis appears to be a useful approach in WBE studies to identify different sources of drugs in the environment, when no metabolic products are present at useful analytical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Re Depaolini
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Fattore
- Environmental Pollutants Risk Assessment Unit, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Cappelli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pellegrino
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Castiglioni
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Ettore Zuccato
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Fanelli
- Environmental Pollutants Risk Assessment Unit, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy.
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Passoni A, Vighi M, Davoli E, Fanelli R, Bagnati R. Automated online solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography mass spectrometric analysis of dithianon in water. Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester) 2016; 22:261-267. [PMID: 27882892 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An automated online solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (SPE-LC/MS) method was developed for the quantification of dithianon in surface water samples, using warfarin as internal standard. The method was developed on a liquid chromatography (LC) system with Flexible Cube interfaced to a quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF) mass spectrometer. A small volume of acidified water (1 mL) was spiked with internal standard, pre-concentrated online on polymeric cartridges and analyzed by full-scan MS in high-resolution conditions. The quantitative data were obtained by [M]-• of dithianon and [M - H]- of warfarin, used as internal standard. The chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column with a gradient mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water containing 0.05% acetic acid. The method was validated to measure concentrations of dithianon in the range of 0.010-4 µg L-1 in surface water samples. Twenty real water samples, collected from Torrente Novella, Val di Non (TN, Northern Italy), during fungicide treatments of large apple orchards, were analyzed. All samples were kept in glass bottles and stored in the lab at -20°C until analysis. It was found that in all samples dithianon was undetectable: if it is present, its concentration was lower than the limit of detection (LOD) (0.008 µg L-1.To investigate the stability of dithianon, a series of water samples were spiked at different concentrations and analyzed after different storage conditions. Results suggested that dithianon is not stable in water stored at -20°C at neutral or basic pH, but the addition of acetic acid to pH = 3.5 increases its stability to at least two weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Passoni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marco Vighi
- IMDEA Water Institute, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Fanelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagnati
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
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Cesca M, Morosi L, Berndt A, Nerini IF, Frapolli R, Richter P, Decio A, Dirsch O, Micotti E, Giordano S, D'Incalci M, Davoli E, Zucchetti M, Giavazzi R. Bevacizumab-Induced Inhibition of Angiogenesis Promotes a More Homogeneous Intratumoral Distribution of Paclitaxel, Improving the Antitumor Response. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 15:125-35. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dal Bello F, Santoro V, Scarpino V, Martano C, Aigotti R, Chiappa A, Davoli E, Medana C. Antineoplastic drugs determination by HPLC-HRMS(n) to monitor occupational exposure. Drug Test Anal 2015; 8:730-7. [PMID: 26041114 DOI: 10.1002/dta.1827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a simple, direct, multiresidue highly specific procedure to evaluate the possible surface contamination of selected antineoplastic drugs in several hospital environment sites by using wipe test sampling. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), carboplatin (C-Pt), cyclophosphamide (CYC), cytarabine (CYT), doxorubicin (DOX), gemcitabine (GEM), ifosfamide (IFO), methotrexate (MET), and mitomycin C (MIT) belong to very different chemical classes but show good ionization properties under electrospray ionization (ESI) conditions (negative ion mode for 5-FU and positive ion mode in all other cases). HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) coupled with HRMS (high resolution mass spectrometry) appears to be the best technique for direct analysis of these analytes, because neither derivatization nor complex extraction procedure for polar compounds in samples is requested prior the analysis. Sample preparation was limited to washing wipes with appropriate solvents. Chromatographic separation was achieved on C18 reversed phase columns. The HPLC-HRMS/MS method was validated in order to obtain robustness, sensitivity and selectivity. LLOQ (lower limit of quantitation) values provided a sensitivity good enough to evidence the presence of the drugs in a very low concentration range (<1 pg/cm(2) ). The method was applied for a study of real wipe tests coming from many areas from a hospital showing some positive samples. The low quantitation limits and the high specificity due to the high resolution approach of the developed method allowed an accurate description of the working environment that can be used to define procedural rules to limit working place contamination to a minimum. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Dal Bello
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Department, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 5, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Santoro
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Department, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 5, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Scarpino
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Department, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 5, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Martano
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Department, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 5, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Aigotti
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Department, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 5, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberta Chiappa
- Servizio Idrico Milanese, Metropolitana Milanese, Via del Vecchio Politecnico 8, 20121, Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Department, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milano, Italy
| | - Claudio Medana
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Department, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 5, 10125, Turin, Italy
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Castiglioni S, Valsecchi S, Polesello S, Rusconi M, Melis M, Palmiotto M, Manenti A, Davoli E, Zuccato E. Sources and fate of perfluorinated compounds in the aqueous environment and in drinking water of a highly urbanized and industrialized area in Italy. J Hazard Mater 2015; 282:51-60. [PMID: 24986164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorinated substances are listed among emerging contaminants because they are globally distributed, environmentally persistent, bioaccumulative and potentially harmful. In a three-year monitoring campaign (2010-2013) we investigated the occurrence, sources and fate of nine perfluoroalkylcarboxylic acids and three perfluoroalkylsulfonic acids, in the most industrialized region of Italy. Composite samples were collected in influents and effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), in the main rivers flowing through the basin, and in raw groundwater and finished drinking water. Samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Perfluorinated substances were not removed in WWTPs and those receiving industrial wastes discharged up to 50 times the loads of WWTPs receiving municipal wastes. The mass balance of the emissions in the River Lambro basin showed continuously increasing contamination from north to south and differences in the composition of homologues in the west and east sides of the basin. Ground and drinking water were contaminated in industrial areas, but these substances were removed well in Milan. Contamination from industrial sources was prevalent over urban sources, contributing to 90% of the loads measured at the closure of the basin. The River Lambro was confirmed as one of the main sources of contamination in the Po River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Castiglioni
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Valsecchi
- IRSA-CNR-Water Research Institute, National Research Council, Via Mulino 19, 20861, Brugherio MB, Italy
| | - Stefano Polesello
- IRSA-CNR-Water Research Institute, National Research Council, Via Mulino 19, 20861, Brugherio MB, Italy
| | - Marianna Rusconi
- IRSA-CNR-Water Research Institute, National Research Council, Via Mulino 19, 20861, Brugherio MB, Italy
| | - Manuela Melis
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Marinella Palmiotto
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Manenti
- Metropolitana Milanese S.p.A., Area Acquedotto, Via Giuseppe Meda 44, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Ettore Zuccato
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
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46
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Palmiotto M, Bianchi G, Brunelli L, Lualdi M, Lezzi C, Manenti A, Davoli E. Safety Evaluation of New Polymer Materials Proposed for Relining Drinking Water Pipes in the City of Milano. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/ijamsc.2015.34008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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47
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Cappelletti G, Pifferi V, Mostoni S, Falciola L, Di Bari C, Spadavecchia F, Meroni D, Davoli E, Ardizzone S. Hazardous o-toluidine mineralization by photocatalytic bismuth doped ZnO slurries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:10459-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02620b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic mineralization of o-toluidine in aqueous media under UV/solar irradiation was achieved by bare and bismuth doped zinc oxide nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Cappelletti
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milano
- Italy
| | - V. Pifferi
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milano
- Italy
| | - S. Mostoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milano
- Italy
| | - L. Falciola
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milano
- Italy
| | - C. Di Bari
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milano
- Italy
| | - F. Spadavecchia
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milano
- Italy
| | - D. Meroni
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milano
- Italy
| | - E. Davoli
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”
- Milano
- Italy
| | - S. Ardizzone
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milano
- Italy
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48
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Miniero R, Abate V, Brambilla G, Davoli E, De Felip E, De Filippis SP, Dellatte E, De Luca S, Fanelli R, Fattore E, Ferri F, Fochi I, Rita Fulgenzi A, Iacovella N, Iamiceli AL, Lucchetti D, Melotti P, Moret I, Piazza R, Roncarati A, Ubaldi A, Zambon S, di Domenico A. Persistent toxic substances in Mediterranean aquatic species. Sci Total Environ 2014; 494-495:18-27. [PMID: 25020099 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fish and fishery products may represent one of the main sources of dietary exposure to persistent toxic substances (PTSs) such as polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls; polybromodiphenyl ethers; organochlorine pesticides; perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate; and inorganic mercury and methyl mercury. In this study, PTS contamination of Mediterranean fish and crustaceans caught in Italian coastal waters was investigated in order to increase the representativeness of the occurrence database for wild species. The objectives were to verify the suitability of regulatory limits for PTSs, identify background concentrations values, if any, and examine the possible sources of variability when assessing the chemical body burdens of aquatic species. Twelve wild species of commercial interest and two farmed fish species were chosen. Excluding methyl mercury, chemical concentrations found in wild species fell generally towards the low ends of the concentration ranges found in Europe according to EFSA database and were quite lower than the tolerable maximum levels established in the European Union; farmed fish always showed contamination levels quite lower than those detected in wild species. The data obtained for wild species seemed to confirm the absence of local sources of contamination in the chosen sampling areas; however, species contamination could exceed regulatory levels even in the absence of specific local sources of contamination as a result of the position in the food web and natural variability in species' lifestyle. A species-specific approach to the management of contamination in aquatic organisms is therefore suggested as an alternative to a general approach based only on contaminant body burden. A chemical-specific analysis performed according to organism position in the food chain strengthened the need to develop this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Miniero
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Abate
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Brambilla
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy
| | - Elena De Felip
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania P De Filippis
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Dellatte
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia De Luca
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Fanelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Fattore
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy
| | - Fabiola Ferri
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Igor Fochi
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Fulgenzi
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Iacovella
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Iamiceli
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Lucchetti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Melotti
- School of Veterinary Medical Sciences, EAEVE Certificate, Camerino University, Matelica, Italy
| | - Ivo Moret
- National Research Council, Venice, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Roncarati
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale sulle Tecnologie e l'Igiene delle Piccole Specie, Department of Food Science, Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna University, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ubaldi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro di Domenico
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy
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49
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Castiglioni S, Senta I, Borsotti A, Davoli E, Zuccato E. A novel approach for monitoring tobacco use in local communities by wastewater analysis. Tob Control 2014; 24:38-42. [DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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50
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Palmiotto M, Fattore E, Paiano V, Celeste G, Colombo A, Davoli E. Influence of a municipal solid waste landfill in the surrounding environment: toxicological risk and odor nuisance effects. Environ Int 2014; 68:16-24. [PMID: 24685488 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The large amounts of treated waste materials and the complex biological and physicochemical processes make the areas in the proximity of landfills vulnerable not only to emissions of potential toxic compounds but also to nuisance such as odor pollution. All these factors have a dramatic impact in the local environment producing environmental quality degradation. Most of the human health problems come from the landfill gas, from its non-methanic volatile organic compounds and from hazardous air pollutants. In addition several odorants are released during landfill operations and uncontrolled emissions. In this work we present an integrated risk assessment for emissions of hazard compounds and odor nuisance, to describe environmental quality in the landfill proximity. The study was based on sampling campaigns to acquire emission data for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, dioxin-like polychlorobiphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene and vinyl chloride monomer and odor. All concentration values in the emissions from the landfill were measured and used in an air dispersion model to estimate maximum concentrations and depositions in correspondence to five sensitive receptors located in proximity of the landfill. Results for the different scenarios and cancer and non-cancer effects always showed risk estimates which were orders of magnitude below those accepted from the main international agencies (WHO, US EPA). Odor pollution was significant for a limited downwind area near the landfill appearing to be a significant risk factor of the damage to the local environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinella Palmiotto
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy.
| | - Elena Fattore
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Viviana Paiano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Celeste
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Colombo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
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