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Mao Z, Lv C, Qin R, Yu Y, Wang X, Lu J, Zhao Y. Antidepressant-like effects of Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim. via modulation of monoamine regulatory pathways. Physiol Behav 2024; 284:114616. [PMID: 38914214 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Sheng-ma is recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medica and mainly originates from the rhizomes of Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim. (CD), Cimicifuga heracleifolia Kom. and Cimicifuga foetida L. The alcoholic extract of Cimicifuga foetida L. (Brand name: Ximingting®) has been approved for the treatment of perimenopausal symptoms accompanying hot flash, depression and anxiety in China. However, there's no further study about the antidepressant-like effects of C. dahurica (CD). The aim of this study is to investigate the antidepressant-like effect of CD extracted by 75% ethanol and its possible mechanisms.The neuro-protective effects of CD on injured PC12 cells induced by corticosterone was measured firstly. Then, forced swim test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), reserpine-induced hypothermia, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) induced head twitch response in mice and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) on sucrose preference tests were executed. Moreover, the potential mechanisms were explored by measuring levels of monoamine neurotransmitter in mice frontal cortex and hippocampus, testing monoamine oxidase enzyme A (MAO-A) activities in the brains of CUMS-exposed mice. Results showed that CD (60, 120 mg/kg) can significantly decreased the immobility period in FST and TST in mice without affecting locomotor activity. CD (30 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg, 120 mg/kg) could significantly counteracted reserpine-induced hypothermia and increased the number of head-twitches in 5-HTP induced head twitch response. It was also found that the monoamine neurotransmitter levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex were significantly increased in 60 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg CD treated mice. In addition, CD (60 and 120 mg/kg) significantly inhibited MAO-A after 6-week CUMS exposure. CD can effectively produce an antidepressant-like effect, which involved with modulation of monoamine regulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixuan Mao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Chongning Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Rulan Qin
- College of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Tonghua Normal University, Yucai Road 950, Tonghua 134002, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Logistics support force No. 967 Hospital, Dalian 116021, China.
| | - Jincai Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Yudan Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
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Qian X, Zhong ZD, Zhang Y, Qiu LQ, Tan HJ. Fluoxetine mitigates depressive-like behaviors in mice via anti-inflammation and enhancing neuroplasticity. Brain Res 2024; 1825:148723. [PMID: 38101693 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Neuroplasticity and inflammation represent a common final pathway for effective antidepressant treatment. SSRIs are the most commonly prescribed medications for depression and have demonstrated efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms. However, the precise impact of SSRIs on neuroplasticity and inflammation remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of long-term treatment with SSRIs on hippocampal neuron, inflammation, synaptic function and morphology. Our findings revealed that fluoxetine treatment significantly alleviated behavioral despair, anhedonia, and anxiety in reserpine-treated mice. Moreover, fluoxetine mitigated hippocampal neuron impairment, inhibited inflammatory release, and increased the expression of synaptic proteins markers (SYP and PSD95) in mice. Notably, fluoxetine also suppressed reserpine-induced synapse loss in the hippocampus. Based on these results, fluoxetine has been demonstrated effectively to ameliorate depressive mood and cognitive dysfunction, possibly through the enhancement of synaptic plasticity. Overall, our study contributes to a further understanding of the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of fluoxetine and its potential role in improving depressive symptoms and cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Qian
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Zuo-Dong Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Li-Qin Qiu
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hui-Jun Tan
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Qian X, Zhong Z, Lu S, Zhang Y. Repeated reserpine treatment induces depressive-like behaviors accompanied with hippocampal impairment and synapse deficit in mice. Brain Res 2023; 1819:148541. [PMID: 37619854 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Depression remains a significant public health concern, and current animal models of depression are limited in their ability to accurately mimic human depression. However, studying the new development of antidepressants requires the use of progressive animal models. In this study, the mice were exposed to a low dose of reserpine (0.5 mg/kg) once daily for 14 days, followed by a 14-day period to allow for the development of spontaneous depression. We have successfully established a repeated reserpine-induced depressive animal model, which was characterized by emotional symptoms (anhedonia), cognitive symptoms, and psychomotor agitation or retardation. Our study demonstrated that repeated treatment with low-dose reserpine increased immobility time in the TST and FST. It also decreased the sucrose consumption ratio and induced anxiety-like behaviors. These anxiety-like behaviors were evidenced by decreased time spent in the center zone, longer first latency to center zone, and fewer entries into the center zone in the open field test. These findings support the utility of the low-dose reserpine repeated injection animal model for studying the pathogenesis of depression and the development of novel antidepressant treatments. Additionally, this study provides valuable insights into the potential of low-dose reserpine as a tool for modeling chronic depression in animals. Furthermore, our findings suggest that prolonged low-dose reserpine treatment could result in chronic depression. These findings have significant implications for the use of reserpine as a therapeutic agent for various conditions and emphasize the importance of closely monitoring patients' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Qian
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Zuodong Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Sitong Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210016, China.
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Braida D, Ponzoni L, Dellarole I, Morara S, Sala M. Fluoxetine rescues the depressive-like behaviour induced by reserpine and the altered emotional behaviour induced by nicotine withdrawal in zebrafish: Involvement of tyrosine hydroxylase. J Psychopharmacol 2023; 37:1132-1148. [PMID: 37593958 DOI: 10.1177/02698811231191103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotine cessation leads to anxiety and depression. AIMS The suitability of the zebrafish model of anhedonia using reserpine and fluoxetine was evaluated. Fluoxetine was also used to reduce nicotine withdrawal-induced anhedonic state. METHODS Zebrafish were exposed to reserpine (40 mg/l) and then to fluoxetine (0.1 mg/l) for 1 week. Anhedonia was evaluated in the Novel Tank Diving and Compartment Preference tests. Another group was exposed to nicotine (1 mg/l/2 weeks) and then exposed to fluoxetine. Anxiety and anhedonia were evaluated 2-60 days after. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity and microglial morphology (labelled by 4C4 monoclonal antibody) in the parvocellular pretectal nucleus (PPN), dorsal part, and of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the hypothalamus were also analysed. RESULTS Less time in the top and increased latency to the top in reserpine compared to a drug-free group was found. Fluoxetine rescued reserpine-induced the reduced time in the top. Seven and 30 days after nicotine withdrawal more time in the bottom and similar time in the Compartment Preference test, rescued by fluoxetine, were shown. In the PPN, 30-day withdrawal induced an increase in TH immunoreactivity, but fluoxetine induced a further significant increase. No changes in PPN microglia morphology and hypothalamic CGRP were detected. CONCLUSIONS Our findings validate the suitability of the zebrafish model of anhedonia using the reserpine-induced depression-like behaviour and the predictivity using fluoxetine. Fluoxetine rescued nicotine withdrawal-induced anhedonic state, opening the possibility to screen new drugs to alleviate anxiety and depression in smokers during abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Braida
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Ponzoni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Yan X, Song X, Chen W, Jia Y, Gao J, Wang X, Qin L, Xue R, Song G. Frizzled 6 mutation regulates reserpine-induced depression-like behavior and Wnt signaling pathway in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:175996. [PMID: 37597646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frizzled 6 (Fzd6) is involved in the development of various disorders; however, its role in the etiology of depression remains unclear. We aimed to determine the potential regulatory mechanisms of Fzd6 as a Wnt receptor in depression. METHODS Mice were divided into four groups: wild-type control (Fzd6WT-control), Fzd6 mutant control (Fzd6Q152E-control), wild-type reserpine (Fzd6WT-reserpine), and Fzd6 mutant reserpine (Fzd6Q152E-reserpine). Reserpine (0.5 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally for 10 days. Four behavioral experiments were performed to assess the effects of Fzd6Q152E on depression-like behaviors in the reserpine-treated mice. Blood samples were collected for an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Gene expression in the hippocampus was quantified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and protein expression levels in the hippocampus were identified using western blotting. RESULTS The Fzd6 mutation affected reserpine-induced depression-like behavioral changes in mice. ELISA revealed significantly reduced serum levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and norepinephrine in both Fzd6Q152E-reserpine and Fzd6WT-reserpine mice, with a more pronounced decrease in Fzd6Q152E-reserpine mice, especially in norepinephrine expression. The qRT-PCR results showed significantly decreased Fzd6 expression in Fzd6Q152E-reserpine mice and altered expression of Dkk2, Gsk-3β, Lrp6, Wnt2, Wnt3, and Wnt3a in the Wnt pathway. Western blotting revealed decreased Fzd6 protein expression in Fzd6Q152E-control mice compared to Fzd6WT-control mice, whereas Fzd6 protein expression was restored in Fzd6Q152E-reserpine mice, and Gsk-3β expression was significantly changed. CONCLUSION Fzd6 potentially influences reserpine-induced depressive behavioral changes and serum depressive factor alterations and modulates the expression of the Wnt signaling pathway in the hippocampus of depressed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Yan
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Human Disease Animal Model, Shanxi Medical University, Road Xinjian 56, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China; School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Road Xinjian 56, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiaona Song
- School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Road Xinjian 56, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Wenlu Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Human Disease Animal Model, Shanxi Medical University, Road Xinjian 56, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China; School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Road Xinjian 56, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yanhuan Jia
- School of Mental Health, Shanxi Medical University, South Shifang Street 55, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Jiping Gao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Human Disease Animal Model, Shanxi Medical University, Road Xinjian 56, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiaotang Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Human Disease Animal Model, Shanxi Medical University, Road Xinjian 56, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Litao Qin
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Human Disease Animal Model, Shanxi Medical University, Road Xinjian 56, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Rui Xue
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Human Disease Animal Model, Shanxi Medical University, Road Xinjian 56, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Guohua Song
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Human Disease Animal Model, Shanxi Medical University, Road Xinjian 56, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China; School of Mental Health, Shanxi Medical University, South Shifang Street 55, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
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Abdel-Rasoul AA, Saleh NA, Hosny EN, El-Gizawy MM, Ibrahim EA. Cardamom oil ameliorates behavioral and neuropathological disorders in a rat model of depression induced by reserpine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 308:116254. [PMID: 36781058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Depression is a public health problem. Despite the availability of treatment options, its prevalence is increasing. A high rate of treatment failure is often reported, along with considerable side effects associated with synthetic antidepressants. Therefore, developing effective and safe antidepressants from traditional herbs or natural products as an alternative strategy is warranted to avoid side effects and increase drug efficacy. In traditional medicine, cardamom has traditionally been used to treat conditions like asthma, tooth and gum infections, cataracts, nausea, diarrhea, and even depression and anxiety as well as some problems with the heart, kidneys, and digestive system. AIM OF THE STUDY The current study aimed to evaluate the antidepressant activity of cardamom oil in a rat model of depression induced by reserpine and compare it with the activity of the antidepressant drug fluoxetine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Depression-like symptoms were induced in male rats by daily i. p. injection of reserpine (0.2 mg/kg/d for 15 d followed by 0.1 mg/kg/d for 21 d to maintain the depressive state), and the rats were treated with cardamom oil (oral dose = 200 mg/kg/d) for 21 d along with the maintenance dose of reserpine. We performed behavioral tests (forced swimming test and open-field test) and evaluated biochemical markers of depression. RESULTS Our findings revealed that cardamom oil attenuated depression-like symptoms in reserpine-injected rats by improving the behavioral changes measured by the forced swimming test and the locomotor activities measured by the open-field test. In reserpine-injected rats, cardamom oil exerted antidepressant-like effects by modulating lower levels of brain monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine), GSH, and higher oxido-nitrosative stress parameters (malondialdehyde and nitric oxide). Moreover, cardamom oil alleviated depression-like behaviors by lowering monoamine oxidase activity and raising the activities of Na+/K+-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase and levels of a brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the cortex and hippocampus. CONCLUSION We recommend the use of cardamom oil as a safe and reliable treatment or an adjuvant for preventing depression-like symptoms in patients suffering from depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa A Abdel-Rasoul
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nabil A Saleh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman N Hosny
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mayada M El-Gizawy
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ehab A Ibrahim
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Ma SP, Ma WP, Yin SN, Chen XY, Ma XQ, Wei BH, Lu JG, Liu HB. Antiperspirant effects and mechanism investigation of Mulisan decoction in rats based on plasma metabolomics. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:1055-1062. [PMID: 35634726 PMCID: PMC9154783 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2074465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Mulisan decoction (MLS) is a classic formula of traditional Chinese medicine for treating hyperhidrosis. The mechanism remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the antiperspirant effect and underlying mechanisms of MLS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty rats were divided into control, model, and three doses of MLS intervention groups (n = 10). Rats except for control group were induced diseases features of the applicable scope of MLS via i.p. reserpine (0.5 mg/kg/d) for 10 days. From day 11, MLS groups were administrated orally MLS at 0.6, 3, and 15 g/kg once a day for 14 days, respectively. After the last administration, sweating was induced in all rats via s.c. pilocarpine (25 mg/kg), the right hind foot of rats was stained, and sweat point numbers were observed. Rat serum was collected to detect IL-2, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. Rat plasma was collected for endogenous metabolite analysis via UPLC-QE-Focus-MS. RESULTS Rats treated with MLS presented a significant decrease in sweat point numbers (13.5%), increase in body weight (13.2%), and promotion in the balance of Th1/Th2 cytokine ratio via increasing IL-2 (38.3%), IFN-γ (20.1%), and TNF-α (22.0%) and decreasing IL-6 (24.7%) compared with the model group (p < 0.05). Plasma metabolomics disclosed 15 potential biomarkers related to model rats, of which two could be significantly reversed by MLS (p < 0.05). The involved pathways were pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, and porphyrin metabolism. CONCLUSIONS MLS demonstrated a good antiperspirant effect and metabolism improvement. These findings inspire more clinical study validation on immune improvement and antiperspirant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Peng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei-Ping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Shi-Ning Yin
- Qingdao Institute for Food and Drug Control, Qingdao, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Marine Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiang-Yue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Bao-Hong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing-Guang Lu
- Qingdao Institute for Food and Drug Control, Qingdao, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Marine Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong-Bing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Marine Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Zaazaa AM, Daoud NN, El-Gendy OA, Al-Shafei AI. Neuroprotective role of Bacopa monnieri extract in modulating depression in an experimental rat model. J Affect Disord 2022; 308:229-235. [PMID: 35413358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common illness with no definite treatment. METHODS The study involved 2 experimental periods; 45-day (P1) followed by 30-day (P2). 40 adult albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Grp 1 received saline orally while Grp 2 reserpine inraperitoneally (ip) during P1 and P2. Grps 3 and 4 received reserpine during P1, followed by reserpine plus B. monnieri, and reserpine plus citalopram ip during P2, respectively. Forced swimming test (FST) was performed at beginning and end of P1 and P2. Animals were sacrificed by end of P2 and brain taken for histopathological examination and ELISA estimation of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, BDNF, MCP-1, FAS, and Bcl-2. RESULTS During P1, reserpine prolonged immobility time (IT) in FST in Grps 2, 3, and 4. IT was subsequently lowered in Grps 3 and 4 but remained elevated in Grp 2 by end of P2. Serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine were lowered in Grps 2, 3, and 4, but in Grps 3 and 4, levels were comparable to Grp1. BDNF and Bc1-2 were reduced in Grps 2, 3, and 4, with higher levels in Grps 3 and 4 than Grp 2. MCP-1 and FAS were elevated in Grps 2, 3, and 4, but levels were lower in Grps 3 and 4 than in Grp 2. Histopathology showed congested cerebral cortex in Grp 2 and normal cortex in other groups. LIMITATIONS Only adult male rats were involved and effects of co-administration of B. monnieri and citalopram were not characterized. CONCLUSION B. monnieri improves depression comparable to citalopram in reserpine-induced depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M Zaazaa
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia N Daoud
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola A El-Gendy
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad I Al-Shafei
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Talebi S, Rahmati B, Jorjani M, Emadi F, Ghaffari F, Naseri M. Synergistic effects of
Nepeta menthoides
and
Melissa officinalis
aqueous extracts on reserpine‐induced depressive‐like behaviors in mice. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2481-2494. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sedighe Talebi
- Department of Traditional Persian Medicine, School of Medicine Shahed University Tehran Iran
| | - Batool Rahmati
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Shahed University Tehran Iran
| | - Masoumeh Jorjani
- Neurobiology Research Center and Department of Pharmacology , Faculty of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Fatemeh Emadi
- Department of Traditional Persian Medicine, School of Medicine Shahed University Tehran Iran
- Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center Shahed University Tehran Iran
| | - Farzaneh Ghaffari
- School of Traditional Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohsen Naseri
- Department of Traditional Persian Medicine, School of Medicine Shahed University Tehran Iran
- Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center Shahed University Tehran Iran
- Hikmat, Islamic and Traditional Medicine Department The Academy of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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Khurana K, Kumar M, Bansal N. Lacidipine Attenuates Symptoms of Nicotine Withdrawal in Mice. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1920-1936. [PMID: 34613588 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00421-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine-withdrawal after daily exposure manifests somatic and affective symptom including a range of cognitive deficits. Earlier studies suggested participation of L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) in development of nicotine dependence and expression of withdrawal signs. An upsurge in Ca2+-induced oxidative stress in brain underlies the biochemical events and behavioral signs of nicotine-withdrawal. The present study is aimed to explore the effects of lacidipine (LTCC antagonist) against nicotine-withdrawal. Swiss albino mice were administered ( -)-nicotine hydrogen tartrate (3.35 mg/kg, t.i.d.) from days 1 to 7 and alongside lacidipine (0.3, 1, and 3 mg/kg, i.p.) given from days 1 to 14. Somatic withdrawal signs were noted 48 h after last dose of nicotine. Bay-K8644 (LTCC agonist) was administered in mice subjected to nicotine-withdrawal and lacidipine (3 mg/kg) treatments. Behavioral tests of memory, anxiety, and depression were conducted on days 13 and 14 to assess the effects of lacidipine on affective symptoms of nicotine-withdrawal. Biomarkers of oxido-nitrosative were quantified in the whole brain. Nicotine-withdrawal significantly enhanced somatic signs and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and memory impairment in mice. Lacidipine (1 and 3 mg/kg) attenuated nicotine-withdrawal induced somatic symptoms and also ameliorated behavioral abnormalities. Nicotine-withdrawal triggered an upsurge in brain lipid peroxidation, total nitrite content, and decline in antioxidants, and these effects were attenuated by lacidipine. Bay-K8644 significantly abolished improvement in somatic and affective symptoms, and antioxidant effects by lacidipine in mice subjected to nicotine-withdrawal. Lacidipine mitigated nicotine-withdrawal triggered somatic and affective symptoms owing to decrease in brain oxido-nitrosative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Khurana
- I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala (Punjab) 144603, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela (Ropar) 140111, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Nitin Bansal
- Department of Pharmacology, Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela (Ropar) 140111, India.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University (CBLU), Bhiwani, Haryana, 127021, India.
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Pan CH, Xia CY, Yan Y, Han Y, Shi R, He J, Wang ZX, Wang YM, Zhang WK, Xu JK. Loganin ameliorates depression-like behaviors of mice via modulation of serotoninergic system. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:3063-3070. [PMID: 34342673 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05922-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Depression is a serious neuropsychiatric disorder, which is characterized by sustaining mood disorders. Loganin, a major iridoid glycoside from Corni fructus, has a variety of pharmacological activities, including neuroprotective effect and hypnotic effect. However, little is known about the effects of loganin on stress-induced depression. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of loganin on behavioral despair of mice, and whether serotonin (5-HT) and/or noradrenaline (NE) are involved in this process. METHODS We tested the effectiveness of loganin using tail suspension test (TST). The possible mechanism was explored using reserpine-induced ptosis and hypothermia, and 5-HTP-induced head-twitch response in mice. The changes of 5-HT and NE in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum were measured through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Then, we identified the effects of depleting 5-HT and NE by PCPA (p-chlorophenylalanine) and DSP-4 (N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine hydrochloride) pretreatment, respectively. RESULTS Loganin (12.5/50 mg/kg) induced antidepressant-like effects in mice submitted to TST. Loganin (12.5/50 mg/kg) ameliorated the reserpine-induced hypothermia and ptosis, as well as increased 5-HTP-induced head-twitch responses in mice. Loganin (50 mg/kg) significantly increased the levels of 5-HT in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum. Furthermore, only PCPA treatment could eliminate loganin-induced antidepressant-like effects in TST. CONCLUSION Loganin exerts antidepressant-like effect in the TST depending on 5-HT levels in the central nervous system, which provide a potential agent for depression therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hao Pan
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong-Yuan Xia
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yan
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Han
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Shi
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Xing Wang
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ming Wang
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ku Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie-Kun Xu
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
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Lachowicz J, Niedziałek K, Rostkowska E, Szopa A, Świąder K, Szponar J, Serefko A. Zebrafish as an Animal Model for Testing Agents with Antidepressant Potential. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080792. [PMID: 34440536 PMCID: PMC8401799 DOI: 10.3390/life11080792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a serious mental disease that, according to statistics, affects 320 million people worldwide. Additionally, a current situation related to the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant deterioration of mental health in people around the world. So far, rodents have been treated as basic animal models used in studies on this disease, but in recent years, Danio rerio has emerged as a new organism that might serve well in preclinical experiments. Zebrafish have a lot of advantages, such as a quick reproductive cycle, transparent body during the early developmental stages, high genetic and physiological homology to humans, and low costs of maintenance. Here, we discuss the potential of the zebrafish model to be used in behavioral studies focused on testing agents with antidepressant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Lachowicz
- Student’s Scientific Circle at Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.L.); (K.N.)
| | - Karolina Niedziałek
- Student’s Scientific Circle at Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.L.); (K.N.)
| | | | - Aleksandra Szopa
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Świąder
- Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jarosław Szponar
- Clinical Department of Toxicology and Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
- Toxicology Clinic, Stefan Wyszyński Regional Specialist Hospital in Lublin, Al. Kraśnicka 100, 20-718 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Serefko
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (A.S.)
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13
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Wang J, Chen R, Liu C, Wu X, Zhang Y. Antidepressant mechanism of catalpol: Involvement of the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in rat hippocampus. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 909:174396. [PMID: 34332921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Catalpol is a major compound in Rehmanniae Radix with outstanding medicinal and nutritional values. Our previous studies have demonstrated catalpol's antidepressant effect, but its mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the antidepressant mechanisms of catalpol via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway. Results demonstrated that chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 5 consecutive weeks caused significant decreases in the sucrose preference and the horizontal and vertical scores of open-field test, as well as a significant increase in the swimming-immobility time of rats; catalpol administration significantly reversed the abnormality of these indicators. Further real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting results together showed that CUMS significantly downregulated the expression levels of hippocampal genes and proteins, including PI3K, Akt, Nrf2, HO-1, tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor; catalpol administration significantly reversed the abnormal expression of these genes and proteins. CUMS also caused a significant decrease in the hippocampal superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s transferase, and reduced glutathione levels, as well as a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level in rats; catalpol administration significantly reversed the abnormality of these indicators. Taken together, this study confirmed for the first time that the antidepressant effect of catalpol on CUMS-induced depression involved the upregulation of the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, thereby improving the hippocampal neurotrophic, neuroprotective, and antioxidant levels. The PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway-related molecules may serve as potential new biomarkers and candidate molecular targets for catalpol's antidepressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Rongxing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Chen Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yueyue Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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Khurana K, Kumar M, Bansal N. Lacidipine Prevents Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment by Reducing Brain Oxido-nitrosative Stress in Mice. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1087-1102. [PMID: 33721210 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00346-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cholinergic deficits and oxido-nitrosative stress are consistently associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous findings indicate that acetylcholine subdues Ca2+ current in the brain. Cholinergic antagonists (e.g., scopolamine) can instigate Ca2+-induced redox imbalance, inflammation, and cell-death pathways leading to AD-type memory impairment. Earlier, several Ca2+-channel blockers (CCB, e.g., dihydropyridine type) or cholinergic enhancers showed promising results in animal models of AD. In the present research, pretreatment effects of lacidipine (L-type CCB) on learning and memory functions were investigated using the scopolamine mouse model of AD. Swiss albino mice (20-25 g) were administered lacidipine (1 and 3 mg/kg) for 14 days. Scopolamine, an anti-muscarinic drug, was given (1 mg/kg) from days 8 to 14. The mice were subjected to elevated plus maze (EPM) and passive-avoidance (PA) paradigms. Bay-K8644 (a Ca2+-channel agonist) was administered before behavioral studies on days 13 and 14. Biochemical parameters of oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were quantified using the whole brain. Behavioral studies showed an increase in transfer latency (TL) in the EPM test and a decrease in step-through latency (STL) in the PA test in scopolamine-administered mice. Scopolamine enhanced the AChE activity and oxidative stress in the brain of mice which resulted in memory impairment. Lacidipine prevented the amnesia against scopolamine and reduced the oxidative stress and AChE activity in the brain of mice. Bay-K8644 attenuated the lacidipine-induced improvement in memory and redox balance in scopolamine-administered mice. Lacidipine can prevent the oxidative stress and improve the cholinergic function in the brain. These properties of lacidipine can mitigate the pathogenesis of AD-type dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Khurana
- I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, 144603, India.,Department of Pharmacology, Amar Shaheed Baba Ajeet Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela, Ropar, Punjab, 140111, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Amar Shaheed Baba Ajeet Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela, Ropar, Punjab, 140111, India.,Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140111, India
| | - Nitin Bansal
- Department of Pharmacology, Amar Shaheed Baba Ajeet Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela, Ropar, Punjab, 140111, India. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University (CBLU), Bhiwani, Haryana, 127021, India.
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Becker M, Pinhasov A, Ornoy A. Animal Models of Depression: What Can They Teach Us about the Human Disease? Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:123. [PMID: 33466814 PMCID: PMC7830961 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is apparently the most common psychiatric disease among the mood disorders affecting about 10% of the adult population. The etiology and pathogenesis of depression are still poorly understood. Hence, as for most human diseases, animal models can help us understand the pathogenesis of depression and, more importantly, may facilitate the search for therapy. In this review we first describe the more common tests used for the evaluation of depressive-like symptoms in rodents. Then we describe different models of depression and discuss their strengths and weaknesses. These models can be divided into several categories: genetic models, models induced by mental acute and chronic stressful situations caused by environmental manipulations (i.e., learned helplessness in rats/mice), models induced by changes in brain neuro-transmitters or by specific brain injuries and models induced by pharmacological tools. In spite of the fact that none of the models completely resembles human depression, most animal models are relevant since they mimic many of the features observed in the human situation and may serve as a powerful tool for the study of the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of depression, especially since only few patients respond to acute treatment. Relevance increases by the fact that human depression also has different facets and many possible etiologies and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Becker
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Albert Pinhasov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Asher Ornoy
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
- Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
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