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Li X, Bai R, Bai Y, Shi X, Yang Y, Xu S. ROS-mediated PPAR/RXR inhibition contributes to acetochlor-induced apoptosis and autophagy in Ctenopharyngodon idella hepatic cells. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:684-694. [PMID: 36028057 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Acetochlor is a high-volume herbicide whose widespread use threatens ecosystems and affects aquaculture. Apoptosis and autophagy are important causes of hepatotoxicity caused by toxicants, which can be mediated by oxidative stress and the inhibition of PPAR/RXR pathway. However, the mechanism of acetochlor on fish hepatocyte damage still needs to be further investigated. Therefore, we treated the Ctenopharyngodon idella hepatic cell line (L8824 cells) with different concentrations (10, 20, and 40 μM) of acetochlor and/or ROS scavenger NAC (1 mM) for 24 h. The results showed that acetochlor decreased the cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. AO/EB staining and flow cytometry verified the increased apoptotic rates. Quantitative analysis of gene expression levels or protein expression levels displayed that the expression levels of Beclin1, P62, LC3B, BAX, and cleaved Casp3 were increased, and the expression of BCL2 was reduced. Besides, we detected the increased ROS contents and decreased PPAR/RXR pathway expressions after acetochlor treatment. The clearance of ROS alleviated the inhibition of the PPAR/RXR pathway and lightened apoptosis and autophagy under acetochlor stress. Overall, these results revealed that acetochlor exposure triggered BCL2/BAX/Casp3-cascaded apoptosis and Beclin1-dependent autophagy through ROS-mediated PPAR/RXR inhibition. The results partially explain the toxicological mechanism of acetochlor and provide targets for the development of its antidote.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Ruichen Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yichen Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xu Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yuhong Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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Ma H, Wang X, Liu X, Wang C, Gao X, Niu J. miR-654-5p Contributes to the Activation and Proliferation of Hepatic Stellate Cells by Targeting RXRα. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:841248. [PMID: 35465330 PMCID: PMC9019757 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.841248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis (LF) is a major disease that threatens human health. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) contribute directly to LF via extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion. Moreover, RXRα is an important nuclear receptor that plays a key regulatory role in HSC activation. Meanwhile, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as significant regulators of LF development. In particular, miR-654-5p is involved in cellular migration and proliferation, and via bioinformatics analysis, has been identified as a potential factor that targets RXRα in humans and in mice. However, the precise relationship between miR-654-5p and RXRα in the context of LF, remains unknown and is the primary focus of the current study. To establish in vitro activated cell model human primary HSCs were cultured in vitro and LX-2 cells were stimulated with recombinant human TGF-β1. mRNA and protein levels of RXRα, miR-654-5p and fibrogenic genes were compared in quiescent and activated HSCs. Moreover, after transfected with miR-654-5p mimics, the expression changes of above related genes in LX-2 cells were estimated. Meanwhile, cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected in miR-654-5p overexpressed LX-2 cells. Simultaneously, the targeted binding between miR-654-5p and RXRα was verified in LX-2 cells. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced mouse model with liver fibrosis was use to research the role of the miR-654-5p in vitro. Our results show that miR-654-5p expression levels increased in activated human HSCs and TGFβ-treated LX-2 cells. Moreover, miR-654-5p mimics markedly promoted LX-2 cell proliferation while inhibiting their apoptosis. Accordingly, the expression levels of RXRα are decreased in activated HSCs and LX-2 cells. Additionally, dual-luciferase reporter assay results reveal direct targeting of RXRα by miR-654-5p. Similarly, in vivo miR-654-5p overexpression aggravates LF in mice that are intraperitoneally injected with CCl4. Taken together, our findings elucidated a novel molecular mechanism with potential use for treatment of LF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heming Ma
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiuzhu Gao
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Xiuzhu Gao, ; Junqi Niu,
| | - Junqi Niu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Xiuzhu Gao, ; Junqi Niu,
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El-Fadaly AA, Afifi NA, El-Eraky W, Salama A, Abdelhameed MF, El-Rahman SSA, Ramadan A. Fisetin alleviates thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:355-366. [PMID: 35255766 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2047198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis is a chronic wound-healing response to liver injury of various origins and represents a major health problem. OBJECTIVE The current study endeavored to investigate the repressing effect of fisetin on hepatic fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were injected with TAA (200 mg/kg) intraperitoneally twice per week for 6 weeks to induce liver fibrosis. Fisetin (50 and 100 mg/kg/day) or silymarin (50 mg/kg/day) were given orally on a daily basis along with TAA. Liver function parameters, oxidative stress, inflammatory and fibrogenic biomarkers as well as wnt3a, β-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3β) and cyclin D1 were estimated. Histoapthological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed. RESULTS Fisetin restored normal liver functions, increased reduced glutathione (GSH) level and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as inflammatory biomarkers including; tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Additionally, it lessened transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), collagen I and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) levels as well as elevated matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) hepatic content. Furthermore, fisetin significantly suppressed wnt3a gene expression associated with decreased β-catenin and increased GSK-3β levels. Moreover, fisetin decreased the progress of histologic hepatic fibroplasia and diminished hepatic expression of α-SMA and cyclin D1. CONCLUSION Fisetin curbed liver fibrosis and exhibited superior activity over silymarin through inhibition of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation and proliferation via suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, modulating MMP-9 and TIMP-1, and inhibiting multiple profibrogenic factors, besides its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, fisetin is a promising therapeutic candidate for hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nehal A Afifi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Wafaa El-Eraky
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Salama
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Sahar S Abd El-Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - A Ramadan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Abdel-Bakky MS, Amin E, Ewees MG, Mahmoud NI, Mohammed HA, Altowayan WM, Abdellatif AAH. Coagulation System Activation for Targeting of COVID-19: Insights into Anticoagulants, Vaccine-Loaded Nanoparticles, and Hypercoagulability in COVID-19 Vaccines. Viruses 2022; 14:228. [PMID: 35215822 PMCID: PMC8876839 DOI: 10.3390/v14020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as COVID-19, is currently developing into a rapidly disseminating and an overwhelming worldwide pandemic. In severe COVID-19 cases, hypercoagulability and inflammation are two crucial complications responsible for poor prognosis and mortality. In addition, coagulation system activation and inflammation overlap and produce life-threatening complications, including coagulopathy and cytokine storm, which are associated with overproduction of cytokines and activation of the immune system; they might be a lead cause of organ damage. However, patients with severe COVID-19 who received anticoagulant therapy had lower mortality, especially with elevated D-dimer or fibrin degradation products (FDP). In this regard, the discovery of natural products with anticoagulant potential may help mitigate the numerous side effects of the available synthetic drugs. This review sheds light on blood coagulation and its impact on the complication associated with COVID-19. Furthermore, the sources of natural anticoagulants, the role of nanoparticle formulation in this outbreak, and the prevalence of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) after COVID-19 vaccines are also reviewed. These combined data provide many research ideas related to the possibility of using these anticoagulant agents as a treatment to relieve acute symptoms of COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Abdel-Bakky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 52471, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Elham Amin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt;
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 52471, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed G. Ewees
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 11787, Egypt; (M.G.E.); (N.I.M.)
| | - Nesreen I. Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 11787, Egypt; (M.G.E.); (N.I.M.)
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 52471, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Waleed M. Altowayan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 52471, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed A. H. Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qasssim 52471, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
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Abdel-Bakky MS, Helal GK, El-Sayed ESM, Amin E, Alqasoumi A, Alhowail A, Abdelmoti ESS, Saad AS. Loss of RAR-α and RXR-α and enhanced caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in N-acetyl-p-aminophenol-induced liver injury in mice is tissue factor dependent. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 25:385-393. [PMID: 34448456 PMCID: PMC8405435 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.5.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Tissue factor (TF) activates the coagulation system and has an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Our previous study stated that retinoid receptors (RAR-α and RXR-α) are released as a lipid droplet in monocrotaline/ lipopolysaccharide-induced idiosyncratic liver toxicity in mice. Herein, the interdependence between the release of retinoid receptors RAR-α and RXR-α and TF in Nacetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP)-induced mice liver toxicity, is investigated. Serum alanine transaminase (ALT) level, platelet and white blood cells (WBCs) counts, protein expression of fibrin, TF, cyclin D1 and cleaved caspase-3 in liver tissues are analyzed. In addition, histopathological evaluation and survival study are also performed. The results indicate that using of TF-antisense (TF-AS) deoxyoligonucleotide (ODN) injection (6 mg/kg), to block TF protein synthesis, significantly restores the elevated level of ALT and WBCs and corrects thrombocytopenia in mice injected with APAP. TF-AS prevents the peri-central overexpression of liver TF, fibrin, cyclin D1 and cleaved caspase- 3. The release of RXR-α and RAR-α droplets, in APAP treated sections, is inhibited upon treatment with TF-AS. In conclusion, the above findings designate that the released RXR-α and RAR-α in APAP liver toxicity is TF dependent. Additionally, the enhancement of cyclin D1 to caspase-3-dependent apoptosis can be prevented by blocking of TF protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sadek Abdel-Bakky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 52471, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gouda Kamel Helal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed Mohamed El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Elham Amin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 52471, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 52471, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Alhowail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 52471, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Sayed Said Abdelmoti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 52471, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Saad Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42511, Egypt
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Shouman MM, Abdelsalam RM, Tawfick MM, Kenawy SA, El-Naa MM. Antisense Tissue Factor Oligodeoxynucleotides Protected Diethyl Nitrosamine/Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Fibrosis Through Toll Like Receptor4-Tissue Factor-Protease Activated Receptor1 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:676608. [PMID: 34045968 PMCID: PMC8144514 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.676608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue factor (TF) is a blood coagulation factor that has several roles in many non-coagulant pathways involved in different pathological conditions such as angiogenesis, inflammation and fibrogenesis. Coagulation and inflammation are crosslinked with liver fibrosis where protease-activated receptor1 (PAR1) and toll-like receptor4 (TLR4) play a key role. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides are strong modulators of gene expression. In the present study, antisense TF oligodeoxynucleotides (TFAS) was evaluated in treating liver fibrosis via suppression of TF gene expression. Liver fibrosis was induced in rats by a single administration of N-diethyl nitrosamine (DEN, 200 mg/kg; i. p.) followed by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4, 3 ml/kg; s. c.) once weekly for 6 weeks. Following fibrosis induction, liver TF expression was significantly upregulated along with liver enzymes activities and liver histopathological deterioration. Alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor-1beta (TGF-1β) expression, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and hydroxyproline content and collagen deposition were significantly elevated in the liver. Blocking of TF expression by TFAS injection (2.8 mg/kg; s. c.) once weekly for 6 weeks significantly restored liver enzymes activities and improved histopathological features along with decreasing the elevated α-SMA, TGF-1β, TNF-α, hydroxyproline and collagen. Moreover, TFAS decreased the expression of both PAR1 and TLR4 that were induced by liver fibrosis. In conclusion, we reported that blockage of TF expression by TFAS improved inflammatory and fibrotic changes associated with CCl4+DEN intoxication. In addition, we explored the potential crosslink between the TF, PAR1 and TLR4 in liver fibrogenesis. These findings offer a platform on which recovery from liver fibrosis could be mediated through targeting TF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha M Shouman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern Sciences and Arts University (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Rania M Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, New Giza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Tawfick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sanaa A Kenawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona M El-Naa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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