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Sasibhushana RB, Shankaranarayana Rao BS, Srikumar BN. Anxiety-, and depression-like behavior following short-term finasteride administration is associated with impaired synaptic plasticity and cognitive behavior in male rats. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 174:304-318. [PMID: 38685188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Finasteride, a 5α-Reductase inhibitor, is used to treat male pattern baldness and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Several clinical studies show that chronic finasteride treatment induces persistent depression, suicidal thoughts and cognitive impairment and these symptoms are persistent even after its withdrawal. Previous results from our lab showed that repeated administration of finasteride for six days induces depression-like behavior. However, whether short-term finasteride administration induces anxiety-like behavior and memory impairment and alters synaptic plasticity are not known, which formed the basis of this study. Finasteride was administered to 2-2.5 months old male Wistar rats for six days and subjected to behavioral evaluation, biochemical estimation and synaptic plasticity assessment. Anxiety-like behavior was evaluated in the elevated plus maze (EPM), open field test (OFT), light/dark test (LDT), and novelty suppressed feeding test (NSFT), and learning and memory using novel object recognition test (NORT) and novel object location test (NOLT) and depression-like behavior in the sucrose preference test (SPT). Synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal Schaffer collateral-CA1 was evaluated using slice field potential recordings. Plasma corticosterone levels were estimated using ELISA. Finasteride administration induced anxiety-like behavior in the EPM, OFT, LDT and NSFT, and depression-like behavior in the SPT. Further, finasteride induced hippocampal dependent spatial learning and memory impairment in the NOLT. In addition, finasteride decreased basal synaptic plasticity and long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus. A trend of increased plasma corticosterone levels was observed following repeated finasteride administration. These results indicate the potential role of corticosterone and synaptic plasticity in finasteride-induced effects and further studies will pave way for the development of novel neurosteroid-based therapeutics in neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Sasibhushana
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - B S Shankaranarayana Rao
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Bettadapura N Srikumar
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India.
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Gao Q, Ni P, Wang Y, Huo P, Zhang X, Wang S, Xiao F, Li Y, Feng W, Yuan J, Zhang T, Li Q, Fan B, Kan Y, Li Z, Qi Y, Xing J, Yang Z, Cheng H, Gao X, Feng X, Xue M, Liu Y, Luo Y, Lu Z, Zhao Y. DDAH1 promotes neurogenesis and neural repair in cerebral ischemia. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:2097-2118. [PMID: 38799640 PMCID: PMC11119513 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive neurons in neural stem cell (NSC) niches can evoke adult neurogenesis (AN) and restore impaired brain function after injury, such as acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, the relevant mechanism by which ChAT+ neurons develop in NSC niches is poorly understood. Our RNA-seq analysis revealed that dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1), a hydrolase for asymmetric NG,NG-dimethylarginine (ADMA), regulated genes responsible for the synthesis and transportation of acetylcholine (ACh) (Chat, Slc5a7 and Slc18a3) after stroke insult. The dual-luciferase reporter assay further suggested that DDAH1 controlled the activity of ChAT, possibly through hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). KC7F2, an inhibitor of HIF-1α, abolished DDAH1-induced ChAT expression and suppressed neurogenesis. As expected, DDAH1 was clinically elevated in the blood of AIS patients and was positively correlated with AIS severity. By comparing the results among Ddah1 general knockout (KO) mice, transgenic (TG) mice and wild-type (WT) mice, we discovered that DDAH1 upregulated the proliferation and neural differentiation of NSCs in the subgranular zone (SGZ) under ischemic insult. As a result, DDAH1 may promote cognitive and motor function recovery against stroke impairment, while these neuroprotective effects are dramatically suppressed by NSC conditional knockout of Ddah1 in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Pinfei Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Peiyun Huo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Sihan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Fuyao Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wei Feng
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Juntao Yuan
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animal, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Boyu Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yuhao Kan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhirui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yimiao Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Junfei Xing
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhenghong Yang
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Haixiao Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xinran Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaoyan Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ming Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zhongbing Lu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuming Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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Choudhary D, Sasibhushana RB, Shankaranarayana Rao BS, Srikumar BN. Mifepristone blocks the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of allopregnanolone in male rats. Int J Neurosci 2022:1-10. [PMID: 36469636 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2153047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allopregnanolone (3α, 5α-tetrahydroprogesterone) is an inhibitory neurosteroid synthesized from progesterone via 5α-reductase activity in the brain and has anxiolytic, antidepressant, sedative, anticonvulsant, and analgesic activity. Altered levels of allopregnanolone cause anxiety, depression, premenstrual syndrome, and psychiatric disorders. Although allopregnanolone exerts most of its actions by modulating GABAA receptor, NMDA receptor, BDNF expression, and PXR activity, a recent study showed its effects are blocked by mifepristone on lordosis behavior which indicates the involvement of progestin or glucocorticoid receptors in the effects of allopregnanolone since mifepristone blocks both these receptors. However, whether these receptors are involved in acute anxiolytic or antidepressant-like effects is unknown. METHODS Adult male Wistar rats were used to study whether the prior administration of mifepristone would alter the effects of allopregnanolone in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and forced swim test (FST) was evaluated. RESULTS 10 mg/Kg dose of allopregnanolone increased percent open arm entries in the EPM, whereas 3 mg/Kg dose of allopregnanolone decreased percent immobility in the FST. Mifepristone administration resulted in a U-shaped response in the FST (with 1 mg/Kg, s.c., decreasing the immobility time) without significantly impacting the behavior in the EPM. In combination studies, mifepristone blocked the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of allopregnanolone. CONCLUSION The current study provides evidence for the first time that progestin or glucocorticoid receptors are involved in the acute anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of allopregnanolone. Understanding the mechanism of action of allopregnanolone will help us design better therapeutic strategies to treat neuropsychiatric diseases such as depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Choudhary
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India
| | - R B Sasibhushana
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - B S Shankaranarayana Rao
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - B N Srikumar
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
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Hodges TE, Puri TA, Blankers SA, Qiu W, Galea LAM. Steroid hormones and hippocampal neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2021; 118:129-170. [PMID: 35180925 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal neurogenesis persists across the lifespan in many species, including rodents and humans, and is associated with cognitive performance and the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease and psychiatric disorders. Neurogenesis is modulated by steroid hormones that change across development and differ between the sexes in rodents and humans. Here, we discuss the effects of stress and glucocorticoid exposure from gestation to adulthood as well as the effects of androgens and estrogens in adulthood on neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Throughout the review we highlight sex differences in the effects of steroid hormones on neurogenesis and how they may relate to hippocampal function and disease. These data highlight the importance of examining age and sex when evaluating the effects of steroid hormones on hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis E Hodges
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tanvi A Puri
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Samantha A Blankers
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wansu Qiu
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Liisa A M Galea
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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5
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Tolaymat M, Sundel MH, Alizadeh M, Xie G, Raufman JP. Potential Role for Combined Subtype-Selective Targeting of M 1 and M 3 Muscarinic Receptors in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:786105. [PMID: 34803723 PMCID: PMC8600121 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.786105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite structural similarity, the five subtypes comprising the cholinergic muscarinic family of G protein-coupled receptors regulate remarkably diverse biological functions. This mini review focuses on the closely related and commonly co-expressed M1R and M3R muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes encoded respectively by CHRM1 and CHRM3. Activated M1R and M3R signal via Gq and downstream initiate phospholipid turnover, changes in cell calcium levels, and activation of protein kinases that alter gene transcription and ultimately cell function. The unexpectedly divergent effects of M1R and M3R activation, despite similar receptor structure, distribution, and signaling, are puzzling. To explore this conundrum, we focus on the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver because abundant data identify opposing effects of M1R and M3R activation on the progression of gastric, pancreatic, and colon cancer, and liver injury and fibrosis. Whereas M3R activation promotes GI neoplasia, M1R activation appears protective. In contrast, in murine liver injury models, M3R activation promotes and M1R activation mitigates liver fibrosis. We analyze these findings critically, consider their therapeutic implications, and review the pharmacology and availability for research and therapeutics of M1R and M3R-selective agonists and antagonists. We conclude by considering gaps in knowledge and other factors that hinder the application of these drugs and the development of new agents to treat GI and liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazen Tolaymat
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Margaret H Sundel
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Madeline Alizadeh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Guofeng Xie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jean-Pierre Raufman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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6
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Serotonin Heteroreceptor Complexes and Their Integration of Signals in Neurons and Astroglia-Relevance for Mental Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081902. [PMID: 34440670 PMCID: PMC8392445 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The heteroreceptor complexes present a novel biological principle for signal integration. These complexes and their allosteric receptor-receptor interactions are bidirectional and novel targets for treatment of CNS diseases including mental diseases. The existence of D2R-5-HT2AR heterocomplexes can help explain the anti-schizophrenic effects of atypical antipsychotic drugs not only based on blockade of 5-HT2AR and of D2R in higher doses but also based on blocking the allosteric enhancement of D2R protomer signaling by 5-HT2AR protomer activation. This research opens a new understanding of the integration of DA and 5-HT signals released from DA and 5-HT nerve terminal networks. The biological principle of forming 5-HT and other heteroreceptor complexes in the brain also help understand the mechanism of action for especially the 5-HT hallucinogens, including putative positive effects of e.g., psilocybin and the indicated prosocial and anti-stress actions of MDMA (ecstasy). The GalR1-GalR2 heterodimer and the putative GalR1-GalR2-5-HT1 heteroreceptor complexes are targets for Galanin N-terminal fragment Gal (1-15), a major modulator of emotional networks in models of mental disease. GPCR-receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) heteroreceptor complexes can operate through transactivation of FGFR1 via allosteric mechanisms and indirect interactions over GPCR intracellular pathways involving protein kinase Src which produces tyrosine phosphorylation of the RTK. The exciting discovery was made that several antidepressant drugs such as TCAs and SSRIs as well as the fast-acting antidepressant drug ketamine can directly bind to the TrkB receptor and provide a novel mechanism for their antidepressant actions. Understanding the role of astrocytes and their allosteric receptor-receptor interactions in modulating forebrain glutamate synapses with impact on dorsal raphe-forebrain serotonin neurons is also of high relevance for research on major depressive disorder.
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Sakhri FZ, Adachi N, Zerizer S, Ohashi Y, Ikemoto H, Tsukada M, Kabouche Z, Hisamitsu T, Sunagawa M. Behavioral and neurological improvement by Cydonia oblonga fruit extract in chronic immobilization stress rats. Phytother Res 2020; 35:2074-2084. [PMID: 33205508 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
It is known that chronic stress is a contributing factor to several physical and mental diseases. In this study, we examined the effect of hydroethanolic extract of Cydonia oblonga fruit (HECO, 300 mg/kg) in chronically immobilized rats on physiological and behavioral parameters by the open field test (OFT), sucrose preference test (SPT), and forced swimming test (FST) and on neurological alterations by analysis of the hippocampal neurogenesis. A daily 6 hr exposure to chronic immobilization stress (CIS) for 21 consecutive days induced anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in rats' concomitant with decreased weight gain and increased plasma corticosterone (CORT) levels, rats also showed atrophy in the CA3 subregion of the hippocampus and a decreased number of Ki67 and DCX positive cells in the dentate gyrus (DG). Treatment with HECO successfully suppressed the physiological and behavioral markers of the CIS and prevents the structural abnormality and the impaired cell proliferation in the hippocampus. Moreover, the daily administration of HECO improved the mood function in normal rats. Taking together, our findings demonstrate, for the first time, the anti-depressive effect of C. oblonga fruit by enhancing the hippocampal neurogenesis in the rat model of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Z Sakhri
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Shinagawa-ku, Japan.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Université Des Frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria.,Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques, Université Des Frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Naoki Adachi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Shinagawa-ku, Japan
| | - Sakina Zerizer
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Université Des Frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Yusuke Ohashi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Shinagawa-ku, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ikemoto
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Shinagawa-ku, Japan
| | - Mana Tsukada
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Shinagawa-ku, Japan
| | - Zahia Kabouche
- Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques, Université Des Frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Tadashi Hisamitsu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Shinagawa-ku, Japan
| | - Masataka Sunagawa
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Shinagawa-ku, Japan
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Costa R, Carvalho MSM, Brandão JDP, Moreira RP, Cunha TS, Casarini DE, Marcondes FK. Modulatory action of environmental enrichment on hormonal and behavioral responses induced by chronic stress in rats: Hypothalamic renin-angiotensin system components. Behav Brain Res 2020; 397:112928. [PMID: 32987059 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental enrichment (EE) has been studied as a protocol that can improve brain plasticity and may protect against negative insults such as chronic stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of EE on the hormonal and behavioral responses induced by chronic mild unpredictable stress (CMS) in rats, considering the involvement of the renin-angiotensin system. Male adult rats were divided into 4 groups: control, CMS, EE, and CMS + EE, and the experimental protocol lasted for 7 weeks. EE was performed during 7 weeks, 5 days per week, 2 h per day. CMS was applied during weeks 3, 4, and 5. After the CMS (week 6), depression-like behavior was evaluated by forced swimming and sucrose consumption tests, anxiety level was evaluated using the elevated plus-maze test, and memory was evaluated using the Y-maze test. On week 7, the animals were euthanized and basal plasma levels of corticosterone and catecholamines were determined. The hypothalamus was isolated and tissue levels of angiotensin peptides were evaluated. CMS increased plasma corticosterone, norepinephrine, and epinephrine basal concentrations, induced depression-like behaviors, impaired memory, and increased hypothalamic angiotensin I, II, and IV concentrations. EE decreased stress hormones secretion, depression-like behaviors, memory impairment, and hypothalamic angiotensin II induced by stress. Reductions of anxiety-like behavior and norepinephrine secretion were observed in both stressed and unstressed groups. The results indicated that EE seemed to protect adult rats against hormonal and behavioral CMS effects, and that the reduction of angiotensin II could contribute to these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Costa
- Department of Biosciences, Laboratory of Stress, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Maeline Santos Morais Carvalho
- Department of Biosciences, Laboratory of Stress, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Roseli Peres Moreira
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Sousa Cunha
- Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of São Paulo, São José Dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Dulce Elena Casarini
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Klein Marcondes
- Department of Biosciences, Laboratory of Stress, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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Subhadeep D, Srikumar BN, Shankaranarayana Rao BS, Kutty BM. Short photoperiod restores ventral subicular lesion‐induced deficits in affective and socio‐cognitive behavior in male Wistar rats. J Neurosci Res 2020; 98:1114-1136. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Duttagupta Subhadeep
- Department of Neurophysiology National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS) Bengaluru India
| | - Bettadapura N. Srikumar
- Department of Neurophysiology National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS) Bengaluru India
| | | | - Bindu M. Kutty
- Department of Neurophysiology National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS) Bengaluru India
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10
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Costa R, Tamascia ML, Sanches A, Moreira RP, Cunha TS, Nogueira MD, Casarini DE, Marcondes FK. Tactile stimulation of adult rats modulates hormonal responses, depression-like behaviors, and memory impairment induced by chronic mild stress: Role of angiotensin II. Behav Brain Res 2020; 379:112250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Chakraborty S, Tripathi SJ, Srikumar B, Raju T, Shankaranarayana Rao B. N-acetyl cysteine ameliorates depression-induced cognitive deficits by restoring the volumes of hippocampal subfields and associated neurochemical changes. Neurochem Int 2020; 132:104605. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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So HC, Chau CKL, Lau A, Wong SY, Zhao K. Translating GWAS findings into therapies for depression and anxiety disorders: gene-set analyses reveal enrichment of psychiatric drug classes and implications for drug repositioning. Psychol Med 2019; 49:2692-2708. [PMID: 30569882 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718003641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety disorders (AD) are the first and sixth leading causes of disability worldwide. Despite their high prevalence and significant disability resulted, there are limited advances in new drug development. Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have greatly advanced our understanding of the genetic basis underlying psychiatric disorders. METHODS Here we employed gene-set analyses of GWAS summary statistics for drug repositioning. We explored five related GWAS datasets, including two on major depressive disorder (MDD2018 and MDD-CONVERGE, with the latter focusing on severe melancholic depression), one on AD, and two on depressive symptoms and neuroticism in the population. We extracted gene-sets associated with each drug from DSigDB and examined their association with each GWAS phenotype. We also performed repositioning analyses on meta-analyzed GWAS data, integrating evidence from all related phenotypes. RESULTS Importantly, we showed that the repositioning hits are generally enriched for known psychiatric medications or those considered in clinical trials. Enrichment was seen for antidepressants and anxiolytics but also for antipsychotics. We also revealed new candidates or drug classes for repositioning, some of which were supported by experimental or clinical studies. For example, the top repositioning hit using meta-analyzed p values was fendiline, which was shown to produce antidepressant-like effects in mouse models by inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase. CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings suggest that human genomic data such as GWAS are useful in guiding drug discoveries for depression and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon-Cheong So
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases, Kunming Zoology Institute of Zoology and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Carlos Kwan-Long Chau
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Alexandria Lau
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Sze-Yung Wong
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Kai Zhao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Frinchi M, Nuzzo D, Scaduto P, Di Carlo M, Massenti MF, Belluardo N, Mudò G. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) activation in the rat hippocampus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14233. [PMID: 31578381 PMCID: PMC6775129 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50708-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently we found that acute treatment with Oxotremorine (Oxo), a non-selective mAChRs agonist, up-regulates heat shock proteins and activates their transcription factor heat shock factor 1 in the rat hippocampus. Here we aimed to investigate: a) if acute treatment with Oxo may regulate pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in the rat hippocampus; b) if chronic restraint stress (CRS) induces inflammatory or oxidative alterations in the hippocampus and whether such alterations may be affected by chronic treatment with Oxo. In the acute experiment, rats were injected with single dose of Oxo (0.4 mg/kg) and sacrificed at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. In the CRS experiment, the rats were exposed for 21 days to the CRS and then were treated with Oxo (0.2 mg/kg) for further 10 days. The acute Oxo treatment showed an ability to significantly reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS), singlet oxygen (1O2), pro-inflammatory cytokines levels (IL-1β and IL-6) and phosphorylated NF-κB-p65. Acute Oxo treatment also increased superoxide dismutase (SOD)-2 protein levels and stimulated SOD activity. No differences were detected in the anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, including IL-10 and TGF-β1. In the group of rats exposed to the CRS were found increased hippocampal IL-1β and IL-6 levels, together with a reduction of SOD activity level. These changes produced by CRS were counteracted by chronic Oxo treatment. In contrast, the upregulation of ROS and 1O2 levels in the CRS group was not counteracted by chronic Oxo treatment. The results revealed a hippocampal anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect of Oxo treatment in both basal conditions and anti-inflammatory in the CRS rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Frinchi
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic, div. of Human Physiology, University of Palermo, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Nuzzo
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "Alberto Monroy" (IBIM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pietro Scaduto
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic, div. of Human Physiology, University of Palermo, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marta Di Carlo
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "Alberto Monroy" (IBIM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria F Massenti
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "Giuseppe D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Natale Belluardo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic, div. of Human Physiology, University of Palermo, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Mudò
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic, div. of Human Physiology, University of Palermo, 90134, Palermo, Italy.
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Sasibhushana RB, Shankaranarayana Rao BS, Srikumar BN. Repeated finasteride administration induces depression-like behavior in adult male rats. Behav Brain Res 2019; 365:185-189. [PMID: 30836157 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme 5α-Reductase (5α-R) catalyzes the formation of dihydrotestosterone, which is involved in male pattern hair loss and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Finasteride inhibits 5α-R and is used to treat both these conditions. Several clinical studies show that chronic finasteride treatment induces persistent depression, suicidal thoughts, and cognitive impairment. The neural mechanisms underlying these effects of finasteride are not known and it is imperative that an animal model that mimics the clinical neuropsychiatric effects of finasteride is developed. Accordingly, we evaluated the behavioral effects of acute and repeated finasteride administration. Two months old male Wistar rats were administered with either vehicle (hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin) or different doses of finasteride, subcutaneously, either acutely (30 min or 2 h) or for 1, 3, and 6 days (one dose per day). Behavioral despair and motivational behavior were evaluated in the forced swim test (FST) and splash test, respectively. FST and splash test were video-recorded and analyzed offline. Finasteride did not show any effects in the acute, one day or three days studies in the FST. However, repeated finasteride administration for 6 days significantly increased the immobility time. In the splash test, finasteride (100 mg/kg) administration increased the latency to groom and decreased the grooming duration implying lack of motivation in the three-day study. In the six-day study, latency to groom was significantly increased by the 100 mg/Kg dose. Further, a significant dose dependent decrease in the grooming duration was observed. In summary, our results indicate that repeated finasteride administration induces depression-like behavior in rats. This study provides the evidence that an animal model of finasteride-induced depression is feasible to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms, and the pharmacology underlying the neuropsychiatric effects of finasteride. Further, these results provide insights into the potential involvement of neurosteroids in depression and will lead to the development of novel therapeutics for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Sasibhushana
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - B S Shankaranarayana Rao
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Bettadapura N Srikumar
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India.
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Srikumar BN, Naidu PS, Kalidindi N, Paschapur M, Adepu B, Subramani S, Nagar J, Srivastava R, Sreedhara MV, Prasad DS, Das ML, Louis JV, Kuchibhotla VK, Dudhgaonkar S, Pieschl RL, Li YW, Bristow LJ, Ramarao M, Vikramadithyan RK. Diminished responses to monoaminergic antidepressants but not ketamine in a mouse model for neuropsychiatric lupus. J Psychopharmacol 2019; 33:25-36. [PMID: 30484737 DOI: 10.1177/0269881118812102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A significant proportion of patients suffering from major depression fail to remit following treatment and develop treatment-resistant depression. Developing novel treatments requires animal models with good predictive validity. MRL/lpr mice, an established model of systemic lupus erythematosus, show depression-like behavior. AIMS We evaluated responses to classical antidepressants, and associated immunological and biochemical changes in MRL/lpr mice. METHODS AND RESULTS MRL/lpr mice showed increased immobility in the forced swim test, decreased wheel running and sucrose preference when compared with the controls, MRL/MpJ mice. In MRL/lpr mice, acute fluoxetine (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)), imipramine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) or duloxetine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) did not decrease the immobility time in the Forced Swim Test. Interestingly, acute administration of combinations of olanzapine (0.03 mg/kg, subcutaneously)+fluoxetine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) or bupropion (10 mg/kg, i.p.)+fluoxetine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) retained efficacy. A single dose of ketamine but not three weeks of imipramine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) or escitalopram (5 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment in MRL/lpr mice restored sucrose preference. Further, we evaluated inflammatory, immune-mediated and neuronal mechanisms. In MRL/lpr mice, there was an increase in autoantibodies' titers, [3H]PK11195 binding and immune complex deposition. There was a significant infiltration of the brain by macrophages, neutrophils and T-lymphocytes. p11 mRNA expression was decreased in the prefrontal cortex. Further, there was an increase in the 5-HT2aR expression, plasma corticosterone and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity. CONCLUSION In summary, the MRL/lpr mice could be a useful model for Treatment Resistant Depression associated with immune dysfunction with potential to expedite antidepressant drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettadapura N Srikumar
- 1 Disease Sciences and Technology, Biocon-Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Pattipati S Naidu
- 1 Disease Sciences and Technology, Biocon-Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Mahesh Paschapur
- 1 Disease Sciences and Technology, Biocon-Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Bharath Adepu
- 1 Disease Sciences and Technology, Biocon-Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Siva Subramani
- 1 Disease Sciences and Technology, Biocon-Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Jignesh Nagar
- 1 Disease Sciences and Technology, Biocon-Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Ratika Srivastava
- 1 Disease Sciences and Technology, Biocon-Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Muppana V Sreedhara
- 1 Disease Sciences and Technology, Biocon-Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Durga Shiva Prasad
- 1 Disease Sciences and Technology, Biocon-Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Manish Lal Das
- 1 Disease Sciences and Technology, Biocon-Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Justin V Louis
- 1 Disease Sciences and Technology, Biocon-Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Vijaya K Kuchibhotla
- 1 Disease Sciences and Technology, Biocon-Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Shailesh Dudhgaonkar
- 1 Disease Sciences and Technology, Biocon-Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Rick L Pieschl
- 2 Neuroscience Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, CT, USA
| | - Yu-Wen Li
- 2 Neuroscience Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, CT, USA
| | - Linda J Bristow
- 2 Neuroscience Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, CT, USA
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Tripathi SJ, Chakraborty S, Srikumar B, Raju T, Shankaranarayana Rao B. Prevention of chronic immobilization stress-induced enhanced expression of glucocorticoid receptors in the prefrontal cortex by inactivation of basolateral amygdala. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 95:134-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Inactivation of Basolateral Amygdala Prevents Stress-Induced Astroglial Loss in the Prefrontal Cortex. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:350-366. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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18
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Káradóttir RT, Kuo CT. Neuronal Activity-Dependent Control of Postnatal Neurogenesis and Gliogenesis. Annu Rev Neurosci 2018; 41:139-161. [PMID: 29618286 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-072116-031054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The addition of new neurons and oligodendroglia in the postnatal and adult mammalian brain presents distinct forms of gray and white matter plasticity. Substantial effort has been devoted to understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling postnatal neurogenesis and gliogenesis, revealing important parallels to principles governing the embryonic stages. While during central nervous system development, scripted temporal and spatial patterns of neural and glial progenitor proliferation and differentiation are necessary to create the nervous system architecture, it remains unclear what driving forces maintain and sustain postnatal neural stem cell (NSC) and oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) production of new neurons and glia. In recent years, neuronal activity has been identified as an important modulator of these processes. Using the distinct properties of neurotransmitter ionotropic and metabotropic channels to signal downstream cellular events, NSCs and OPCs share common features in their readout of neuronal activity patterns. Here we review the current evidence for neuronal activity-dependent control of NSC/OPC proliferation and differentiation in the postnatal brain, highlight some potential mechanisms used by the two progenitor populations, and discuss future studies that might advance these research areas further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragnhildur T Káradóttir
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QR, United Kingdom; .,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom
| | - Chay T Kuo
- Departments of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA; .,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.,Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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19
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Frinchi M, Scaduto P, Cappello F, Belluardo N, Mudò G. Heat shock protein (Hsp) regulation by muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) activation in the rat hippocampus. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6107-6116. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Frinchi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscienc es, div. of Human PhysiologyUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Pietro Scaduto
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscienc es, div. of Human PhysiologyUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, div. of AnatomyUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
- Euro‐Mediterranean Institute of Science and TechnologyPalermoItaly
- Department of BiologyTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | - Natale Belluardo
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscienc es, div. of Human PhysiologyUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Giuseppa Mudò
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscienc es, div. of Human PhysiologyUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
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20
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Kusindarta DL, Wihadmadyatami H, Haryanto A. The analysis of hippocampus neuronal density (CA1 and CA3) after Ocimum sanctum ethanolic extract treatment on the young adulthood and middle age rat model. Vet World 2018; 11:135-140. [PMID: 29657393 PMCID: PMC5891864 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.135-140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to assess the changes in neuronal density in CA1 and CA3 regions in the hippocampus of young adulthood and middle age rat model after feeding by Ocimum sanctum ethanolic extract. Materials and Methods: In this research, 30 male Wistar rats consist of young to middle-aged rats were divided into three groups (3, 6, and 9 months old) and treated with a different dosage of O. sanctum ethanolic extract (0, 50, and 100 mg/kg b.w.) for 45 days. Furthermore, cresyl violet staining was performed to analyze hippocampus formation mainly in CA1 and CA3 area. The concentrations of acetylcholine (Ach) in brain tissues were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: In our in vivo models using rat model, we found that the administration of O. sanctum ethanolic extract with a dosage of 100 mg/kg b.w. for 45 days induced the density of pyramidal cells significantly in CA1 and CA3 of the hippocampus. These results were supported by an increase of Ach concentrations on the brain tissue. Conclusions: The administration of O. sanctum ethanolic extract may promote the density of the pyramidal cells in the CA1 and CA3 mediated by the up-regulated concentration of Ach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwi Liliek Kusindarta
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hevi Wihadmadyatami
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Aris Haryanto
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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21
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Tian H, Li X, Tang Q, Zhang W, Li Q, Sun X, Zhao R, Ma C, Liu H, Gao Y, Han F. Yi-nao-jie-yu Prescription Exerts a Positive Effect on Neurogenesis by Regulating Notch Signals in the Hippocampus of Post-stroke Depression Rats. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:483. [PMID: 30386260 PMCID: PMC6198169 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is one of the most frequent complications of stroke. The Yi-nao-jie-yu prescription (YNJYP) is an herbal prescription widely used as a therapeutic agent against PSD in traditional Chinese medicine. Disruption of adult neurogenesis has attracted attention as a potential cause of cognitive pathophysiology in neurological and psychiatric disorders. The Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in neurogenesis. This study investigated the effects of YNJYP on adult neurogenesis and explored its underlying molecular mechanism in a rat model of PSD that is established by middle cerebral artery occlusion and accompanied by chronic immobilization stress for 1 week. At 2, 4, and 8 weeks, depression-like behavior was evaluated by a forced swim test (FST) and sucrose consumption test (SCT). Neurogenesis was observed by double immunofluorescence staining. Notch signals were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results show that, at 4 weeks, the immobility time in the FST for rats in the PSD group increased and the sucrose preference in the SCT decreased compared with that in the stroke group. Therefore, YNJYP decreased the immobility time and increased the sucrose preference of the PSD rats. Further, PSD interfered with neurogenesis and decreased the differentiation toward neurons of newly born cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, and increased the differentiation toward astrocytes, effects that were reversed by YNJYP, particularly at 4 weeks. At 2 weeks, compared with the stroke group, expression of target gene Hes5 mRNA transcripts in the PSD group decreased, but increased after treatment with YNJYP. At 4 weeks, compared with the stroke group, the expression of Notch receptor Notch1 mRNA transcripts in the PSD group decreased, but also increased after treatment with YNJYP. Overall, this study indicated that disturbed nerve regeneration, including the increased numbers of astrocytes and decrease numbers of neurons, is a mechanism of PSD, and Notch signaling genes dynamically regulate neurogenesis. Moreover, YNJYP can relieve depressive behavior in PSD rats, and exerts a positive effect on neurogenesis by dynamically regulating the expression of Notch signaling genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Tian
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qisheng Tang
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingmeng Li
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Sun
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruizhen Zhao
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chongyang Ma
- Research Institute, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haipeng Liu
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yushan Gao
- Research Institute, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Schoenfeld TJ, McCausland HC, Morris HD, Padmanaban V, Cameron HA. Stress and Loss of Adult Neurogenesis Differentially Reduce Hippocampal Volume. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 82:914-923. [PMID: 28629541 PMCID: PMC5683934 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hippocampal volume loss is a hallmark of clinical depression. Chronic stress produces volume loss in the hippocampus in humans and atrophy of CA3 pyramidal cells and suppression of adult neurogenesis in rodents. METHODS To investigate the relationship between decreased adult neurogenesis and stress-induced changes in hippocampal structure and volume, we compared the effects of chronic unpredictable restraint stress and inhibition of neurogenesis in a rat pharmacogenetic model. RESULTS Chronic unpredictable restraint stress over 4 weeks decreased total hippocampal volume, reflecting loss of volume in all hippocampal subfields and in both dorsal and ventral hippocampus. In contrast, complete inhibition of adult neurogenesis for 4 weeks led to volume reduction only in the dentate gyrus. With prolonged inhibition of neurogenesis for 8 or 16 weeks, volume loss spread to the CA3 region, but not CA1. Combining stress and inhibition of adult neurogenesis did not have additive effects on the magnitude of volume loss but did produce a volume reduction throughout the hippocampus. One month of chronic unpredictable restraint stress and inhibition of adult neurogenesis led to atrophy of pyramidal cell apical dendrites in dorsal CA3 and to neuronal reorganization in ventral CA3. Stress also significantly affected granule cell dendrites. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that adult neurogenesis is required to maintain hippocampal volume but is not responsible for stress-induced volume loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Schoenfeld
- Section on Neuroplasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Hayley C McCausland
- Section on Neuroplasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - H Douglas Morris
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Varun Padmanaban
- Section on Neuroplasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Heather A Cameron
- Section on Neuroplasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Tripathi SJ, Chakraborty S, Srikumar B, Raju T, Shankaranarayana Rao B. Inactivation of basolateral amygdala prevents chronic immobilization stress-induced memory impairment and associated changes in corticosterone levels. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2017; 142:218-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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24
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Arcego DM, Toniazzo AP, Krolow R, Lampert C, Berlitz C, dos Santos Garcia E, do Couto Nicola F, Hoppe JB, Gaelzer MM, Klein CP, Lazzaretti C, Dalmaz C. Impact of High-Fat Diet and Early Stress on Depressive-Like Behavior and Hippocampal Plasticity in Adult Male Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:2740-2753. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0538-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Zhou D, Zhang Z, Liu L, Li C, Li M, Yu H, Cai X, Sun X, Shen X, Wang J, Geng J, Wang C, Shi Y. The antidepressant-like effects of biperiden may involve BDNF/TrkB signaling-mediated BICC1 expression in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 157:47-57. [PMID: 28216067 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that neuronal muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M-AchR) antagonists have antidepressant-like properties. Despite the recent interest in bicaudal C homolog 1 gene (BICC1) as a target for the treatment of depression, the upstream signaling molecules that regulate BICC1 are unknown, and very few studies have addressed the involvement of BICC1 in the antidepressant-like effects of the selective M1-AchR inhibitor, biperiden. Growing evidence indicates that activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin-related kinase receptor B (TrkB) signaling may be involved in antidepressant-like activities. In this study, we investigated the role of BDNF/TrkB signaling in the regulation of BICC1 expression in the chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) mouse model of depression. Furthermore, we also examined whether BDNF/TrkB signaling contributes to the antidepressant-like effects of biperiden via down-regulation of BICC1 in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of mice. Our current data show that CUS exposure induced significant depression-like behaviors, down-regulation of BDNF/TrkB signaling and up-regulation of BICC1 in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of mice. However, biperiden significantly alleviated the CUS-induced abnormalities. Moreover, we found that the effects of biperiden were antagonized by pretreatment with the TrkB antagonist K252a. Our results indicate that BDNF/TrkB signaling may be the major upstream mediator of BICC1 involvement in the antidepressant-like effects of biperiden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Zhou
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Medical School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Zhongmin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, PR China
| | - Lingjiang Liu
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Medical School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Chenli Li
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Medical School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Medical School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Hanjie Yu
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Medical School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Xiongxiong Cai
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Medical School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Xin Sun
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Medical School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Xinbei Shen
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Medical School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Jinting Wang
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Medical School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Jiacheng Geng
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Medical School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Medical School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China.
| | - Yaosheng Shi
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Medical School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China.
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Di Liberto V, Frinchi M, Verdi V, Vitale A, Plescia F, Cannizzaro C, Massenti MF, Belluardo N, Mudò G. Anxiolytic effects of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors agonist oxotremorine in chronically stressed rats and related changes in BDNF and FGF2 levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:559-573. [PMID: 27957715 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE In depressive disorders, one of the mechanisms proposed for antidepressant drugs is the enhancement of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. Previously, we showed that the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) agonist oxotremorine (Oxo) increases neuronal plasticity in hippocampal neurons via FGFR1 transactivation. OBJECTIVES Here, we aimed to explore (a) whether Oxo exerts anxiolytic effect in the rat model of anxiety-depression-like behavior induced by chronic restraint stress (CRS), and (b) if the anxiolytic effect of Oxo is associated with the modulation of neurotrophic factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2), and phosphorylated Erk1/2 (p-Erk1/2) levels in the dorsal or ventral hippocampus and in the medial prefrontal cortex. METHODS The rats were randomly divided into four groups: control unstressed, CRS group, CRS group treated with 0.2 mg/kg Oxo, and unstressed group treated with Oxo. After 21 days of CRS, the groups were treated for 10 days with Oxo or saline. The anxiolytic role of Oxo was tested by using the following: forced swimming test, novelty suppressed feeding test, elevated plus maze test, and light/dark box test. The hippocampi and prefrontal cortex were used to evaluate BDNF and FGF2 protein levels and p-Erk1/2 levels. RESULTS Oxo treatment significantly attenuated anxiety induced by CRS. Moreover, Oxo treatment counteracted the CRS-induced reduction of BDNF and FGF2 levels in the ventral hippocampus and medial prefrontal cerebral cortex CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that Oxo treatment ameliorates the stress-induced anxiety-like behavior and rescues FGF2 and BDNF levels in two brain regions involved in CRS-induced anxiety, ventral hippocampal formation, and medial prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Di Liberto
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Monica Frinchi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Verdi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angela Vitale
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fulvio Plescia
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "Giuseppe D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carla Cannizzaro
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "Giuseppe D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria F Massenti
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "Giuseppe D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Natale Belluardo
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Mudò
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134, Palermo, Italy.
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Bhagya VR, Srikumar BN, Veena J, Shankaranarayana Rao BS. Short-term exposure to enriched environment rescues chronic stress-induced impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity, anxiety, and memory deficits. J Neurosci Res 2016; 95:1602-1610. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Venkanna Rao Bhagya
- Department of Neurophysiology; National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS); Bengaluru India
| | - Bettadapura N. Srikumar
- Department of Neurophysiology; National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS); Bengaluru India
| | - Jayagopalan Veena
- Department of Neurophysiology; National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS); Bengaluru India
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28
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Di Liberto V, Borroto-Escuela DO, Frinchi M, Verdi V, Fuxe K, Belluardo N, Mudò G. Existence of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) heteroreceptor complexes and their enhancement of neurite outgrowth in neural hippocampal cultures. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1861:235-245. [PMID: 27815219 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, it was demonstrated that G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) can transactivate tyrosine kinase receptors in absence of their ligands. In this work, driven by the observation that mAChRs and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) share signalling pathways and regulation of brain functions, it was decided to explore whether mAChRs activation may transactivate FGFRs and, if so, to characterize the related trophic effects in cultured hippocampal neurons. METHODS Oxotremorine-M transactivation of FGFRs and related trophic effects were tested in primary hippocampal neurons. Western blotting and in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) were used to detect FGFR phosphorylation (pFGFR) levels and M1R-FGFR1 heteroreceptor complexes, respectively. RESULTS Oxotremorine-M, a non-selective mAChRs agonist, was able to transactivate FGFR and this transactivation was blocked by Src inhibitors. Oxotremorine-M treatment produced a significant increase in the primary neurite outgrowth that was blocked by pre-treatment with the pFGFR inhibitor SU5402 and Src inhibitors. This trophic effect was almost similar to that induced by fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). By using atropine as nonselective mAChRs or pirenzepine as selective antagonist for M1 receptor (M1R) we could show that mAChRs are involved in modulating the pFGFRs. Using PLA, M1R-FGFR1 heteroreceptor complexes were identified in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. CONCLUSION The current findings, by showing functional mAChR-FGFR interactions, will contribute to advance the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the actions of cholinergic drugs on neuronal plasticity. GENERAL SIGNIFICANT Data may help to develop novel therapeutic strategies not only for neurodegenerative diseases but also for depression-induced atrophy of hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Di Liberto
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy.
| | - D O Borroto-Escuela
- Karolinska Instituet, Department of Neuroscience, Retzius väg 8, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biomolecular Science, Section of Physiology, University of Urbino, Campus Scientifico Enrico Mattei, via Ca' le Suore 2, I-61029 Urbino, Italy; Observatorio Cubano de Neurociencias, Grupo Bohío-Estudio, Zayas 50, 62100 Yaguajay, Cuba.
| | - M Frinchi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy.
| | - V Verdi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy.
| | - K Fuxe
- Karolinska Instituet, Department of Neuroscience, Retzius väg 8, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - N Belluardo
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy.
| | - G Mudò
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy.
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Enriched environment ameliorates depression-induced cognitive deficits and restores abnormal hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2016; 134 Pt B:379-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Protective Role of Quercetin in Cadmium-Induced Cholinergic Dysfunctions in Rat Brain by Modulating Mitochondrial Integrity and MAP Kinase Signaling. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:4560-4583. [PMID: 27389774 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9950-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing evidences of cadmium-induced cognitive deficits associated with brain cholinergic dysfunctions, the present study aimed to decipher molecular mechanisms involved in the neuroprotective efficacy of quercetin in rats. A decrease in the binding of cholinergic-muscarinic receptors and mRNA expression of cholinergic receptor genes (M1, M2, and M4) was observed in the frontal cortex and hippocampus on exposure of rats to cadmium (5.0 mg/kg body weight, p.o.) for 28 days compared to controls. Cadmium exposure resulted to decrease mRNA and protein expressions of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and enhance reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation associated with mitochondrial dysfunctions, ultrastructural changes, and learning deficits. Enhanced apoptosis, as evidenced by alterations in key proteins involved in the pro- and anti-apoptotic pathway and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling, was evident on cadmium exposure. Simultaneous treatment with quercetin (25 mg/kg body weight, p.o.) resulted to protect cadmium-induced alterations in cholinergic-muscarinic receptors, mRNA expression of genes (M1, M2, and M4), and expression of ChAT and AChE. The protective effect on brain cholinergic targets was attributed to the antioxidant potential of quercetin, which reduced ROS generation and protected mitochondrial integrity by modulating proteins involved in apoptosis and MAP kinase signaling. The results exhibit that quercetin may modulate molecular targets involved in brain cholinergic signaling and attenuate cadmium neurotoxicity.
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Abstract
New neuron addition via continued neurogenesis in the postnatal/adult mammalian brain presents a distinct form of nervous system plasticity. During embryonic development, precise temporal and spatial patterns of neurogenesis are necessary to create the nervous system architecture. Similar between embryonic and postnatal stages, neurogenic proliferation is regulated by neural stem cell (NSC)-intrinsic mechanisms layered upon cues from their local microenvironmental niche. Following developmental assembly, it remains relatively unclear what may be the key driving forces that sustain continued production of neurons in the postnatal/adult brain. Recent experimental evidence suggests that patterned activity from specific neural circuits can also directly govern postnatal/adult neurogenesis. Here, we review experimental findings that revealed cholinergic modulation, and how patterns of neuronal activity and acetylcholine release may differentially or synergistically activate downstream signaling in NSCs. Higher-order excitatory and inhibitory inputs regulating cholinergic neuron firing, and their implications in neurogenesis control are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent Asrican
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Joshua Erb
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Neurobiology Graduate Training Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Chay T Kuo
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Neurobiology Graduate Training Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Brumley Neonatal Perinatal Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Costa V, Lugert S, Jagasia R. Role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in cognition in physiology and disease: pharmacological targets and biomarkers. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2015; 228:99-155. [PMID: 25977081 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16522-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is a remarkable form of brain structural plasticity by which new functional neurons are generated from adult neural stem cells/precursors. Although the precise role of this process remains elusive, adult hippocampal neurogenesis is important for learning and memory and it is affected in disease conditions associated with cognitive impairment, depression, and anxiety. Immature neurons in the adult brain exhibit an enhanced structural and synaptic plasticity during their maturation representing a unique population of neurons to mediate specific hippocampal function. Compelling preclinical evidence suggests that hippocampal neurogenesis is modulated by a broad range of physiological stimuli which are relevant in cognitive and emotional states. Moreover, multiple pharmacological interventions targeting cognition modulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis. In addition, recent genetic approaches have shown that promoting neurogenesis can positively modulate cognition associated with both physiology and disease. Thus the discovery of signaling pathways that enhance adult neurogenesis may lead to therapeutic strategies for improving memory loss due to aging or disease. This chapter endeavors to review the literature in the field, with particular focus on (1) the role of hippocampal neurogenesis in cognition in physiology and disease; (2) extrinsic and intrinsic signals that modulate hippocampal neurogenesis with a focus on pharmacological targets; and (3) efforts toward novel strategies pharmacologically targeting neurogenesis and identification of biomarkers of human neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Costa
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Neuroscience Ophthalmology and Rare Diseases (NORD), Roche Innovation Center Basel, 124 Grenzacherstrasse, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
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Bhagya V, Srikumar B, Raju T, Shankaranarayana Rao B. The selective noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor reboxetine restores spatial learning deficits, biochemical changes, and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in an animal model of depression. J Neurosci Res 2014; 93:104-20. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Bhagya
- Department of Neurophysiology; National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences; Bangalore India
| | - B.N. Srikumar
- Department of Neurophysiology; National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences; Bangalore India
| | - T.R. Raju
- Department of Neurophysiology; National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences; Bangalore India
| | - B.S. Shankaranarayana Rao
- Department of Neurophysiology; National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences; Bangalore India
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Schoenfeld TJ, Gould E. Differential effects of stress and glucocorticoids on adult neurogenesis. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2013; 15:139-164. [PMID: 23670817 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2012_233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Stress is known to inhibit neuronal growth in the hippocampus. In addition to reducing the size and complexity of the dendritic tree, stress and elevated glucocorticoid levels are known to inhibit adult neurogenesis. Despite the negative effects of stress hormones on progenitor cell proliferation in the hippocampus, some experiences which produce robust increases in glucocorticoid levels actually promote neuronal growth. These experiences, including running, mating, enriched environment living, and intracranial self-stimulation, all share in common a strong hedonic component. Taken together, the findings suggest that rewarding experiences buffer progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus from the negative effects of elevated stress hormones. This chapter considers the evidence that stress and glucocorticoids inhibit neuronal growth along with the paradoxical findings of enhanced neuronal growth under rewarding conditions with a view toward understanding the underlying biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Schoenfeld
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08545, USA
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Functional role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis as a therapeutic strategy for mental disorders. Neural Plast 2012; 2012:854285. [PMID: 23346419 PMCID: PMC3549353 DOI: 10.1155/2012/854285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis, the process of generating new neurons from neural stem cells, plays significant roles in synaptic plasticity, memory, and mood regulation. In the mammalian brain, it continues to occur well into adulthood in discrete regions, namely, the hippocampus and olfactory bulb. During the past decade, significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms regulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis and its role in the etiology of mental disorders. In addition, adult hippocampal neurogenesis is highly correlated with the remission of the antidepressant effect. In this paper, we discuss three major psychiatric disorders, depression, schizophrenia, and drug addiction, in light of preclinical evidence used in establishing the neurobiological significance of adult neurogenesis. We interpret the significance of these results and pose questions that remain unanswered. Potential treatments which include electroconvulsive therapy, deep brain stimulation, chemical antidepressants, and exercise therapy are discussed. While consensus lacks on specific mechanisms, we highlight evidence which indicates that these treatments may function via an increase in neural progenitor proliferation and changes to the hippocampal circuitry. Establishing a significant role of adult neurogenesis in the pathogenicity of psychiatric disorders may hold the key to potential strategies toward effective treatment.
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Abstract
The importance of adult neurogenesis has only recently been accepted, resulting in a completely new field of investigation within stem cell biology. The regulation and functional significance of adult neurogenesis is currently an area of highly active research. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have emerged as potential modulators of adult neurogenesis. GPCRs represent a class of proteins with significant clinical importance, because approximately 30% of all modern therapeutic treatments target these receptors. GPCRs bind to a large class of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators such as norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. Besides their typical role in cellular communication, GPCRs are expressed on adult neural stem cells and their progenitors that relay specific signals to regulate the neurogenic process. This review summarizes the field of adult neurogenesis and its methods and specifies the roles of various GPCRs and their signal transduction pathways that are involved in the regulation of adult neural stem cells and their progenitors. Current evidence supporting adult neurogenesis as a model for self-repair in neuropathologic conditions, adult neural stem cell therapeutic strategies, and potential avenues for GPCR-based therapeutics are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van A Doze
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, NB50, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Petrik D, Lagace DC, Eisch AJ. The neurogenesis hypothesis of affective and anxiety disorders: are we mistaking the scaffolding for the building? Neuropharmacology 2011; 62:21-34. [PMID: 21945290 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 09/03/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hypotheses are scaffoldings erected in front of a building and then dismantled when the building is finished. They are indispensable for the workman; but you mustn't mistake the scaffolding for the building. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. The neurogenesis hypothesis of affective disorders - in its simplest form - postulates that the generation of neurons in the postnatal hippocampal dentate gyrus is involved in the etiology and treatment efficacy of major depressive disorder (MDD). The hypothesis was established in the 1990s but was built on a broad foundation of earlier research on the hippocampus, serotonin and MDD. It has gone through several growth phases fueled by discoveries both correlative and causative in nature. Recently, the hypothesis has also been broadened to also include potential relevance for anxiety disorders, like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). As any hypothesis should be, it has been tested and challenged, sometimes vigorously. Here we review the current standing of the neurogenesis hypothesis of affective and anxiety disorders, noting in particular how a central postulate - that decreased neurogenesis results in depression or anxiety - has, in general, been rejected. We also review the controversies on whether treatments for these disorders, like antidepressants, rely on intact neurogenesis for their efficacy, and the existence of neurogenesis-dependent and -independent effects of antidepressants. In addition, we review the implications that the hypothesis has for the response to stress, PTSD, and the neurobiology of resilience, and highlight our own work showing that adult-generated neurons are functionally important for the behavioral response to social stress. We conclude by emphasizing how advancements in transgenic mouse technology, rodent behavioral analyses, and our understanding of the neurogenesis process will allow us to refine our conclusions and perform ever more specific experiments. Such scrutiny is critical, since if we "mistake the scaffolding for the building" we could overlook opportunities for translational impact in the clinic. This article is part of a special Issue entitled 'Anxiety and Depression'.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Petrik
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-9070, USA
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