1
|
Falconi-Sobrinho LL, Anjos-Garcia TD, Rebelo MA, Hernandes PM, Almada RC, Tanus-Santos JE, Coimbra NC. The anterior cingulate cortex and its interface with the dorsal periaqueductal grey regulating nitric oxide-mediated panic-like behaviour and defensive antinociception. Neuropharmacology 2024; 245:109831. [PMID: 38160873 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) Cg1 (24b) area modulates glutamate-mediated unconditioned fear and antinociception organised by hypothalamus. However, it remains unknown whether 24b area also modulates these latter defensive responses through connections with the dorsal periaqueductal grey matter (dPAG), a midbrain structure implicated in the genesis of innate fear-induced defence. The aim of this work is to examine the correlation between the behavioural effects of intra-ACC microinjections of vehicle, NMDA (1 nmol) or lidocaine (2%) with Fos protein expression and nitrergic activity in the dPAG of male C57BL/6 mice that were threatened by snakes. In addition, the 24b area-dPAG pathways were also characterised by neural tract tracing procedures. Finally, the effect of dPAG pretreatment with the neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(omega)-propyl-l-arginine (NPLA; 0.2, 0.4 or 0.8 nmol) 10 min before 24b area treatment with NMDA on behavioural and nociceptive responses of threatened mice was studied. The activation of 24b area N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptors facilitated escape and freezing rather than risk assessment, and enhanced Fos expression and nitrite levels in dPAG, while lidocaine decreased escape and risk assessment as well as Fos and nitrergic activity in dPAG. In addition, dPAG pretreatment with NPLA suppressed intra-24b NMDA-facilitated panicogenic effects while increased nociception. Infusions of an antegrade neurotracer into 24b area showed axonal fibres surrounding both dorsomedial and dorsolateral PAG perikarya. Neurons were identified in 24b area after deposits of a retrograde neurotracer into dPAG. Our findings suggest that the ACC/24b area modulates innate defensive responses through the recruitment of dPAG nitrergic neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Luciano Falconi-Sobrinho
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Psychobiology Division, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Tayllon Dos Anjos-Garcia
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil; Biomedical Sciences Institute of the Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Macário Arosti Rebelo
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Paloma Molina Hernandes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Neurobiotechnology, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Humanities and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Carvalho Almada
- Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Psychobiology Division, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurobiology and Neurobiotechnology, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Humanities and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose Eduardo Tanus-Santos
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Psychobiology Division, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Briânis RC, Andreotti JP, Moreira FA, Iglesias LP. Interplay between endocannabinoid and endovanilloid mechanisms in fear conditioning. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37982167 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2023.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V (vanilloid), member 1 (TRPV1) mediates pain perception to thermal and chemical stimuli in peripheral neurons. The cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), on the other hand, promotes analgesia in both the periphery and the brain. TRPV1 and CB1 have also been implicated in learned fear, which involves the association of a previously neutral stimulus with an aversive event. In this review, we elaborate on the interplay between CB1 receptors and TRPV1 channels in learned fear processing. METHODS We conducted a PubMed search for a narrative review on endocannabinoid and endovanilloid mechanisms on fear conditioning. RESULTS TRPV1 and CB1 receptors are activated by a common endogenous agonist, arachidonoyl ethanolamide (anandamide), Moreover, they are expressed in common neuroanatomical structures and recruit converging cellular pathways, acting in concert to modulate fear learning. However, evidence suggests that TRPV1 exerts a facilitatory role, whereas CB1 restrains fear responses. CONCLUSION TRPV1 and CB1 seem to mediate protective and aversive roles of anandamide, respectively. However, more research is needed to achieve a better understanding of how these receptors interact to modulate fear learning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rayssa C Briânis
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Julia P Andreotti
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabrício A Moreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lia P Iglesias
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Falconi-Sobrinho LL, Dos Anjos-Garcia T, Hernandes PM, Rodrigues BMDP, Almada RC, Coimbra NC. Unravelling the dorsal periaqueductal grey matter NMDA receptors relevance in the nitric oxide-mediated panic‑like behaviour and defensive antinociception organised by the anterior hypothalamus of male mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:319-335. [PMID: 36648509 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Previous studies suggested that the dorsal column of the periaqueductal grey matter (dPAG) can be a target of neural pathways from hypothalamic nuclei involved in triggering fear-related defensive responses. In turn, evidence is provided suggesting that microinjection of the nitric oxide (NO) donor SIN-1 into the anterior hypothalamus (AH) of mice evokes panic-like behaviours and fear-induced antinociception. However, it is unknown whether the dPAG of mice mediates these latter defensive responses organised by AH neurons. OBJECTIVES This study was designed to examine the role of dPAG in mediating SIN-1-evoked fear-induced defensive behavioural and antinociceptive responses organised in the AH of mice. METHODS First, neural tract tracing was performed to characterise the AH-dPAG pathways. Then, using neuropharmacological approaches, we evaluated the effects of dPAG pretreatment with either the non-selective synaptic blocker cobalt chloride (CoCl2; 1 mM/0.1 μL) or the competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist LY235959 (0.1 nmol/0.1 μL) on defensive behaviours and antinociception induced by microinjections of SIN-1 in the AH of male C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS AlexaFluor488-conjugated dextran-labelled axonal fibres from AH neurons were identified in both dorsomedial and dorsolateral PAG columns. Furthermore, we showed that pre-treatment of the dPAG with either CoCl2 or LY235959 inhibited freezing and impaired oriented escape and antinociception induced by infusions of SIN-1 into the AH. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the panic-like freezing and oriented escape defensive behaviours, and fear-induced antinociception elicited by intra-AH microinjections of SIN-1 depend on the activation of dPAG NMDA receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Luciano Falconi-Sobrinho
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.
- NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions (NuPNE) Research Centre, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.
- Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14220-030, Brazil.
| | - Tayllon Dos Anjos-Garcia
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
- Biomedical Sciences Institute of the Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paloma Molina Hernandes
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Humanities and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Mangili de Paula Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Carvalho Almada
- Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14220-030, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Humanities and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.
- NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions (NuPNE) Research Centre, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.
- Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14220-030, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Neostriatum neuronal TRPV 1-signalling mediates striatal anandamide at high concentration facilitatory influence on neostriato-nigral dishinhibitory GABAergic connections. Brain Res Bull 2023; 192:128-141. [PMID: 36414159 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1) is found in the caudate nucleus and putamen (CPu) in addition to the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr). Here, we investigated the role of endocannabinoid neuromodulation of striato-nigral disinhibitory projections on the activity of nigro-collicular GABAergic pathways that control the expression of unconditioned fear-related behavioural responses elicited by microinjections of the GABAA receptor selective antagonist bicuculline (BIC) in the deep layers of the superior colliculus (dlSC). METHODS Fluorescent neural tract tracers were deposited in either CPu or in SNpr. Wistar rats received injection of vehicle, anandamide (AEA), either at low (50 pmol) or high (100 pmol) concentrations in CPu followed by bicuculline microinjections in dlSC. RESULTS Connections between CPu, the SNpr and dlSC were demonstrated. The GABAA receptor blockade in dlSC elicited panic-like behaviour. AEA at the lowest concentration caused a panicolytic-like effect that was antagonised by the CPu pretreatment with AM251 at 100 pmol. AEA at the highest concentration caused a panicogenic-like effect that was antagonised by the CPu pretreatment with 6-iodonordihydrocapsaicin (6-I-CPS) at different concentrations (0.6, 6, 60 nmol). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that while pre-synaptic CB1-signalling subserves an indirect facilitatory effect of AEA on striato-nigral pathways causing panicolytic-like responses through midbrain tectum enhanced activity, post-synaptic TRPV1-signalling in CPu mediates AEA direct activation of striato-nigral disinhibitory pathways resulting in increasing dlSC neurons activity and a panicogenic-like response. All these actions seem to depend on the interface with the nigro-collicular inhibitory GABAergic pathways.
Collapse
|
5
|
de Paula Rodrigues BM, Coimbra NC. CB 1 receptor signalling mediates cannabidiol-induced panicolytic-like effects and defensive antinociception impairment in mice threatened by Bothrops jararaca lancehead pit vipers. J Psychopharmacol 2022; 36:1384-1396. [PMID: 35946605 DOI: 10.1177/02698811221115755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cannabis sativa-derived substances such as cannabidiol (CBD) have attracted increasing clinical interest and consist in a new perspective for treating some neurological and psychiatric diseases. AIMS The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of acute treatment with CBD on panic-like defensive responses displayed by mice threatened by the venomous snake Bothrops jararaca. METHODS Mice were habituated in the enriched polygonal arena for snake panic test. After recording the baseline responses of the tail-flick test, the prey were pretreated with intraperitoneal (i.p.) administrations of the endocannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1) antagonist AM251 (selective cannabinoid 1 receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 8 nM) at different doses, which were followed after 10 min by i.p. treatment with CBD (3 mg/kg). Thirty minutes after treatment with CBD, mice were subjected to confrontations by B. jararaca for 5 min, and the following defensive responses were recorded: risk assessment, oriented escape behaviour, inhibitory avoidance and prey-versus-snake interactions. Immediately after the escape behaviour was exhibited, the tail-flick latencies were recorded every 5 min for 30 min. OUTCOMES Mice threatened by snakes displayed several anti-predatory defensive and innate fear-induced antinociception responses in comparison to the control. CBD significantly decreased the risk assessment and escape responses, with a consequent decrease in defensive antinociception. The CBD panicolytic effect was reversed by i.p. treatment with AM251. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the anti-aversive effect of CBD depends at least in part on the recruitment of CB1 receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Mangili de Paula Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
de Figueiredo RM, Falconi-Sobrinho LL, Leite-Panissi CRA, Huston JP, Mattern C, de Carvalho MC, Coimbra NC. D 2-like receptor activation by intranasal dopamine attenuates fear responses induced by electrical stimulation of the dorsal periaqueductal grey matter, but fails to reduce aversion to pit vipers and T-maze performance. J Psychopharmacol 2022; 36:1257-1272. [PMID: 36239034 DOI: 10.1177/02698811221128018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panic-like reactions elicited by electrical stimulation of the dorsal periaqueductal grey matter (ES-dPAG) seem to be regulated by dopamine (DA). We showed that DA applied intranasally (IN) increased escape-behaviour thresholds induced by ES-dPAG of rats, indicating a panicolytic-like effect. AIMS We investigated whether IN-DA increases escape-response thresholds induced by ES-dPAG by acting on D2-like receptors, and whether IN-DA affects escape responses elicited by the presence of a potential predator and by open space and height of the elevated T-maze (ETM) as well as motor performance in the open field (OF) test. METHODS Wistar rats exposed to ES-dPAG were treated with Sulpiride (SUL, 40 mg/kg, D2-like receptor antagonist) previously IN-DA (2 mg/kg). Independent groups of rats treated with IN-DA were submitted to prey versus snake paradigm (PSP), ETM and OF. RESULTS Anti-aversive effects of the IN-DA were reduced by SUL pretreatment in the ES-dPAG test. IN-DA did not affect the escape number in the PSP nor the escape latencies in the ETM as well as motor performance in the OF. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The IN-DA effects in reducing unconditioned fear responses elicited by ES-dPAG seem to be mediated by D2-like receptors. The lack of effects on panic-related responses in the ETM and PSP may be related to the possibility of avoiding the danger inherent to these models, a defence strategy not available during ES-dPAG. These findings cannot be attributed to motor performance. The decision-making responses to avoid dangerous situations can be orchestrated by supra-mesencephalic structures connected by non-dopaminergic inputs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Machado de Figueiredo
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute for Neuroscience and Behaviour (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Luiz Luciano Falconi-Sobrinho
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Institute for Neuroscience and Behaviour (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Christie Ramos Andrade Leite-Panissi
- Department of Psychology, Ribeirão Preto School of Philosophy, Science and Literature of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Institute for Neuroscience and Behaviour (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Joseph P Huston
- Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Mattern
- MetP Pharma AG, Emmetten, Switzerland, and Oceanographic Centre, Nova Southeastern University, Fl, USA
| | - Milene Cristina de Carvalho
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute for Neuroscience and Behaviour (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Institute for Neuroscience and Behaviour (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Almada RC, Falconi-Sobrinho LL, da Silva JA, Wotjak CT, Coimbra NC. Augmented anandamide signalling in the substantia nigra pars reticulata mediates panicolytic-like effects in mice confronted by Crotalus durissus terrificus pit vipers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:2753-2769. [PMID: 35650304 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The endocannabinoid modulation of fear and anxiety due to the on-demand synthesis and degradation is supported by a large body of research. Although it has been proposed that anandamide (AEA) in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr) seems to be important for the organisation of innate fear-related behaviours, a role for endogenous AEA has yet to be clarified. METHODS Mice were treated with the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) selective inhibitor URB597 at different concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1 nmol/0.1 µL) in the SNpr and confronted by rattlesnakes (Crotalus durissus terrificus). The most effective dose of URB597 (1 nmol) was also preceded by microinjections of the CB1 receptor antagonist AM251 (0.1 nmol) into the SNpr, and mice were then confronted by the venomous snake. RESULTS URB597 (0.1 and 1 nmol) in the SNpr decreased the expression of defensive behaviours such as defensive attention, escape, and time spent inside the burrow of mice confronted by rattlesnakes. Moreover, pretreatment of SNpr with AM251 suppressed these antiaversive effects of URB597 in this midbrain structure. CONCLUSION Overall, these data clearly indicate that the panicolytic consequences of endogenous AEA enhancement in the SNpr are mediated by CB1 receptor signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C Almada
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.,Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Humanities and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Luciano Falconi-Sobrinho
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.,Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana A da Silva
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.,Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Carsten T Wotjak
- Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.,Central Nervous System Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung & Compagnie Kommanditgesellschaft, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Norberto C Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil. .,Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. .,Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. .,NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dos Anjos-Garcia T, Kanashiro A, de Campos AC, Coimbra NC. Environmental Enrichment Facilitates Anxiety in Conflict-Based Tests but Inhibits Predator Threat-Induced Defensive Behaviour in Male Mice. Neuropsychobiology 2022; 81:225-236. [PMID: 35026760 DOI: 10.1159/000521184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Environmental enrichment (EE) is a useful and sophisticated tool that improves rodents' well-being by stimulating social behaviour and cognitive, motor, and sensory functions. Exposure to EE induces neuroplasticity in different brain areas, including the limbic system, which has been implicated in the control of anxiety and fear. However, the effects of EE on ethologically relevant naturalistic behaviours, such as those displayed by prey in the presence of predators, remain largely unexplored. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the present study, we investigated anxiety- and panic attack-like behaviours in a predator (cat)-prey confrontation paradigm and compared them with those in classical assays, such as the elevated plus-maze (EPM), marble-burying, and open field tests (OFTs), using C57BL/6J male mice housed in enriched or standard environments for 6 weeks. RESULTS We observed that EE exposure caused enhancement of the levels of anxiety-like behaviours in the EPM and OFTs, increasing risk assessment (an anxiety-related response), and decreasing escape (a panic attack-like response) behaviours during exposure to the predator versus prey confrontation paradigm. CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings suggest that enriched external environments can modify the processing of fear- and anxiety-related stimuli in dangerous situations, changing the decision-making defensive strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tayllon Dos Anjos-Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil.,NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), São Paulo, Brazil.,Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Kanashiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil.,NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Behavioural Sciences, Post-Graduation Program in Neurology/Neurosciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alline Cristina de Campos
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacology of Neuroplasticity Laboratory, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil.,NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), São Paulo, Brazil.,Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Behavioural Sciences, Post-Graduation Program in Neurology/Neurosciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guan Z, Li Y, Hu S, Mo C, He D, Huang Z, Liao M. Screening and identification of differential metabolites in serum and urine of bamaxiang pigs bitten by trimeresurus stejnegeri based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS metabolomics technology. J Toxicol Sci 2022; 47:389-407. [PMID: 36104186 DOI: 10.2131/jts.47.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Trimeresurus stejnegeri is one of the top ten venomous snakes in China, and its bite causes acute and severe diseases. Elucidating the metabolic changes of the body caused by Trimeresurus stejnegeri bite will be beneficial to the diagnosis and treatment of snakebite. Thus, an animal pig model of Trimeresurus stejnegeri bite was established, and then the metabolites of serum and urine were subsequently screened and identified in both ESI+ and ESI- modes identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) methods. There are 9 differential metabolites in serum, including Oleic acid, Lithocholic acid, Deoxycholic acid, Hypoxanthine, etc. There are 11 differential metabolites in urine, including Dopamine, Thiocysteine, Arginine, Indoleacetaldehyde, etc. Serum enrichment pathway analysis showed that 5 metabolic pathways, including Tryptophanuria, Liver disease due to cystic fibrosis, Hartnup disease, Hyperbaric oxygen exposure and Biliary cirrhosis, the core metabolites in these pathways, including deoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid, tryptophan and hypoxanthine, changed significantly. Urine enrichment pathway analysis showed that 4 metabolic pathways, including Aromatic L-Amino Acid Decarboxylase, Vitiligo, Blue Diaper Syndrome and Hyperargininemia, the core metabolites in these pathways including dopamine, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid and arginine. Taken together, the current study has successfully established an animal model of Trimeresurus stejnegeri bite, and identified the metabolic markers and metabolic pathways of Trimeresurus stejnegeri bite. These metabolites and pathways may have potential application value and provide a therapeutic basis for the treatment of Trimeresurus stejnegeri bite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- ZheZhe Guan
- Institute of Life Sciences of Guangxi Medical University, China
| | - YaLan Li
- Institute of Life Sciences of Guangxi Medical University, China
| | - ShaoCong Hu
- Institute of Life Sciences of Guangxi Medical University, China
| | - CaiFeng Mo
- Institute of Life Sciences of Guangxi Medical University, China
| | - DongLing He
- Institute of Life Sciences of Guangxi Medical University, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- Institute of Life Sciences of Guangxi Medical University, China
| | - Ming Liao
- Institute of Life Sciences of Guangxi Medical University, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ferreira-Sgobbi R, de Figueiredo RM, Frias AT, Matthiesen M, Batistela MF, Falconi-Sobrinho LL, Vilela-Costa HH, Sá SI, Lovick TA, Zangrossi H, Coimbra NC. Panic-like responses of female Wistar rats confronted by Bothrops alternatus pit vipers, or exposure to acute hypoxia: Effect of oestrous cycle. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 55:32-48. [PMID: 34850475 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety-related diseases are more than twice as common in women than in men, and in women, symptoms may be exacerbated during the late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Despite this, most research into the underlying mechanisms, which drives drug development, have been carried out using male animals. In an effort to redress this imbalance, we compared responses of male and female Wistar rats during exposure to two unconditioned threatening stimuli that evoke panic-related defensive behaviours: confrontation with a predator (Bothrops alternatus) and acute exposure to hypoxia (7% O2 ). Threatened by venomous snake, male and female rats initially displayed defensive attention, risk assessment, and cautious interaction with the snake, progressing to defensive immobility to overt escape. Both males and females displayed higher levels of risk assessment but less interaction with the predator. They also spent more time in the burrow, displaying inhibitory avoidance, and more time engaged in defensive attention, and non-oriented escape behaviour. In females, anxiety-like behaviour was most pronounced in the oestrous and proestrus phases whereas panic-like behaviour was more pronounced during the dioestrus phase, particularly during late dioestrus. Acute hypoxia evoked panic-like behaviour (undirected jumping) in both sexes, but in females, responsiveness in late dioestrus was significantly greater than at other stages of the cycle. The results reveal that females respond in a qualitatively similar manner to males during exposure to naturally occurring threatening stimuli, but the responses of females is oestrous cycle dependent with a significant exacerbation of panic-like behaviour in the late dioestrus phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Ferreira-Sgobbi
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Psychology, Division of Psychobiology, Ribeirão Preto School of Philosophy, Sciences and Literature of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Behaviour of Snakes Division-MEDUSA Project, Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Machado de Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Alana Tercino Frias
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Melina Matthiesen
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Matheus Fitipaldi Batistela
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Luiz Luciano Falconi-Sobrinho
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Behaviour of Snakes Division-MEDUSA Project, Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Heloísa Helena Vilela-Costa
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Susana Isabel Sá
- Unidade de Anatomia, Departamento de Biomedicina, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Thelma Anderson Lovick
- Behaviour of Snakes Division-MEDUSA Project, Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Hélio Zangrossi
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Behaviour of Snakes Division-MEDUSA Project, Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Behaviour of Snakes Division-MEDUSA Project, Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huang Z, Zhang M, He D, Song P, Mo C, Cheng X, Song T, Li Y, Zhang X, Liao M. Serum metabolomics of Bama miniature pigs bitten by Bungarus multicinctus. Toxicol Lett 2021; 350:225-239. [PMID: 34343594 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Bungarus multicinctus is one of the top ten venomous snakes in China, and its bite causes acute and severe diseases, but its pathophysiology remains poorly elucidated. Thus, an animal model of Bungarus multicinctus bite was established by intramuscular injection of 30μg/kg of Bungarus multicinctus venom, and then the serum metabolites were subsequently screened, identified and validated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) methods to explore the potential biomakers and possible metabolic pathways. Untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that 36 and 38 endogenous metabolites levels changed in ESI+ and ESI-, respectively, KEGG pathway analysis showed that 5 metabolic pathways, including mineral absorption, central carbon metabolism in cancer, protein digestion and absorption, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and ABC transporters might be closely related to Bungarus multicinctus bite. Targeted metabolomics analysis showed that there were significant differences in serum D-proline, L-leucine and L-glutamine after Bungarus multicinctus bite (P < 0.05). In addition, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the diagnostic efficiency of L-Glutamine was superior to other potential biomarkers and the AUC value was 0.944. Moreover, we found evidence for differences in the pathophysiology of glutamine between Bungarus multicinctus bite group and normal group, specifically with the content of glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutaminase (GLS). Taken together, the current study has successfully established an animal model of Bungarus multicinctus bite, and further identified the links between the metabolic perturbations and the pathophysiology and the potential diagnostic biomakers of Bungarus multicinctus bite, which provided valuable insights for studying the mechanism of Bungarus multicinctus bite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China; Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Dongling He
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China
| | - Pengshu Song
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530003, PR China
| | - Caifeng Mo
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China
| | | | - Tianlin Song
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China
| | - Yalan Li
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China
| | - Xuerong Zhang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China
| | - Ming Liao
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Soares VPMN, de Andrade TGCS, Canteras NS, Coimbra NC, Wotjak CT, Almada RC. Orexin 1 and 2 Receptors in the Prelimbic Cortex Modulate Threat Valuation. Neuroscience 2021; 468:158-167. [PMID: 34126185 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability to distinguish between threatening (repulsors), neutral and appetitive stimuli (attractors) stimuli is essential for survival. The orexinergic neurons of hypothalamus send projections to the limbic structures, such as different subregions of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), suggesting that the orexinergic mechanism in the prelimbic cortex (PL) is involved in the processing of fear and anxiety. We investigated the role of orexin receptors type 1 (OX1R) and type 2 (OX2R) in the PL in such processes upon confrontation with an erratically moving robo-beetle in mice. The selective blockade of OX1R and OX2R in the PL with SB 334867 (3, 30, 300 nM) and TCS OX2 29 (3, 30, 300 nM), respectively, did not affect general exploratory behavior or reactive fear such as avoidance, jumping or freezing, but significantly enhances tolerance and approach behavior at the highest dose of each antagonist tested (300 nM). We interpret these findings as evidence for an altered cognitive appraisal of the potential threatening stimulus. Consequently, the orexin system seems to bias the perception of stimuli towards danger or threat via OX1R and OX2R in the PL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor P M N Soares
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences, Humanities and Languages of the São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Telma G C S de Andrade
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences, Humanities and Languages of the São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Newton S Canteras
- Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Sciences Institute of the University of São Paulo (ICB-USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Norberto C Coimbra
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neuroscience Institute (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carsten T Wotjak
- Neuronal Plasticity Research Group, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; Central Nervous System Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Die Gesellschaft mit Beschränkter Haftung & Compagnie Kommanditgesellschaft, Biberach Riss, Germany
| | - Rafael C Almada
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences, Humanities and Languages of the São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neuroscience Institute (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Almada RC, Dos Anjos-Garcia T, da Silva JA, Pigatto GR, Wotjak CT, Coimbra NC. The modulation of striatonigral and nigrotectal pathways by CB1 signalling in the substantia nigra pars reticulata regulates panic elicited in mice by urutu-cruzeiro lancehead pit vipers. Behav Brain Res 2020; 401:112996. [PMID: 33171147 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) is widely distributed in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr). However, the role of CB1R at the SNpr level in threatening situations is poorly understood. We investigated the role of CB1R in the SNpr on the expression of fear responses in mice confronted with urutu-cruzeiro pit vipers. First, a bidirectional neurotracer was injected into the SNpr; then, immunostaining of the vesicular GABA transporter was conducted at the levels of the striatum (CPu) and deep layers of the superior colliculus (dlSC). In addition, CB1R immunostaining and GABA labelling were performed in the SNpr. Using a prey-versus-snake paradigm, mice were pretreated with the CB1R antagonist AM251 (100 pmol) and treated with the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA, 5 pmol) in the SNpr, followed by bicuculline (40 ng) in the dlSC, and were then confronted with a snake. Bidirectional neural tract tracers associated with immunofluorescence showed the GABAergic striatonigral disinhibitory and nigrotectal inhibitory pathways. Furthermore, we showed that CB1R labelling was restricted to axonal fibres surrounding SNpr GABAergic cells. We also demonstrated a decrease in the defensive behaviours of mice treated with AEA in the SNpr, but this effect was blocked by pre-treatment with AM251 in this structure. Taken together, our results show that the panicolytic consequences of the AEA enhancement in the SNpr are signalled by CB1R, suggesting that CB1R localised in axon terminals of CPu GABAergic neurons in the SNpr modulates the activity of the nigrotectal GABAergic pathway during the expression of defensive behaviours in threatening situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Carvalho Almada
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity, Kraepelinstrasse 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany; Behavioural Neuroscience Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220, São Paulo, Brazil; Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tayllon Dos Anjos-Garcia
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Almeida da Silva
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neuroscience Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glauce Regina Pigatto
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carsten T Wotjak
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity, Kraepelinstrasse 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neuroscience Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220, São Paulo, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ripamonte GC, Bernardes-Ribeiro M, Patrone LGA, Vicente MC, Bícego KC, Gargaglioni LH. Functional role for preoptic CB1 receptors in breathing and thermal control. Neurosci Lett 2020; 732:135021. [PMID: 32454147 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The anteroventral preoptic region (AVPO) of the hypothalamus is involved in both temperature and breathing regulation. This area densely express cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1) that modulate both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission. However, it is still unknown if the endocannabinoid system located in the AVPO participates in breathing control and thermoregulation. Therefore, we tested the participation of CB1 in the AVPO in the modulation of ventilation and thermal control during normoxia and hypoxia. To this end, body temperature (Tb) of Wistar rats was monitored by datallogers and ventilation (VE) by whole body plethysmography before and after intra-AVPO microinjection of AM-251 (CB1 antagonist, 50 and 100 pmol) followed by 60 min of hypoxia exposure (7% O2). Intra-AVPO microinjection of the higher dose of AM-251 increased VE but did not change Tb under resting conditions. Exposure of rats to 7% of inspired oxygen evoked typical hypoxia-induced anapyrexia and hyperventilation after vehicle microinjection. The higher dose of the cannabinoid antagonist increased the hypoxia-induced hyperventilation, in the same magnitude as observed under normoxic condition, whereas the drop in Tb elicited by hypoxia was attenuated. Therefore, the present results demonstrate that the endocannabinoid system acting on CB1 receptors in the AVPO exerts a tonic inhibitory modulation on breathing but seem not be involved in thermoregulation during resting conditions. In addition, activation of CB1 receptors in the AVPO stimulate thermal response during hypoxia, reducing energetically expensive responses, such as the hypoxic hyperventilation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel C Ripamonte
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP/FCAV at Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Bernardes-Ribeiro
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP/FCAV at Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Gustavo A Patrone
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP/FCAV at Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariane C Vicente
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP/FCAV at Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Kênia C Bícego
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP/FCAV at Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciane H Gargaglioni
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP/FCAV at Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Endocannabinoid neuromodulation in the neostriatum decreases the GABAergic striato-nigral disinhibitory function and increases the nigro-collicular inhibitory pathway activity. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2020; 127:1199-1208. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-020-02217-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
16
|
Mendes-Gomes J, Paschoalin-Maurin T, Donaldson LF, Lumb BM, Blanchard DC, Coimbra NC. Repeated exposure of naïve and peripheral nerve-injured mice to a snake as an experimental model of post-traumatic stress disorder and its co-morbidity with neuropathic pain. Brain Res 2020; 1744:146907. [PMID: 32474017 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Confrontation of rodents by natural predators provides a number of advantages as a model for traumatic or stressful experience. Using this approach, one of the aims of this study was to investigate a model for the study of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-related behaviour in mice. Moreover, because PTSD can facilitate the establishment of chronic pain (CP), and in the same way, patients with CP have an increased tendency to develop PTSD when exposed to a traumatic event, our second aim was to analyse whether this comorbidity can be verified in the new paradigm. C57BL/6 male mice underwent chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve (CCI), a model of neuropathic CP, or not (sham groups) and were submitted to different threatening situations. Threatened mice exhibited enhanced defensive behaviours, as well as significantly enhanced risk assessment and escape behaviours during context reexposure. Previous snake exposure reduced open-arm time in the elevated plus-maze test, suggesting an increase in anxiety levels. Sham mice showed fear-induced antinociception immediately after a second exposure to the snake, but 1 week later, they exhibited allodynia, suggesting that multiple exposures to the snake led to increased nociceptive responses. Moreover, after reexposure to the aversive environment, allodynia was maintained. CCI alone produced intense allodynia, which was unaltered by exposure to either the snake stimuli or reexposure to the experimental context. Together, these results specifically parallel the behavioural symptoms of PTSD, suggesting that the snake/exuvia/reexposure procedure may constitute a useful animal model to study PTSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Mendes-Gomes
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220 São Paulo, Brazil; Dracena Medical School (UNIFADRA-FUNDEC), Rua Bahia, 332, Dracena, 17900-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Paschoalin-Maurin
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucy F Donaldson
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre and School of Life Sciences, QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Bridget M Lumb
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Medical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - D Caroline Blanchard
- Pacific Biosciences Research Centre, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220 São Paulo, Brazil; University of São Paulo Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NAP-USP-NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Calvo F, Almada RC, da Silva JA, Medeiros P, da Silva Soares R, de Paiva YB, Roncon CM, Coimbra NC. The Blockade of µ1- and κ-Opioid Receptors in the Inferior Colliculus Decreases the Expression of Panic Attack-Like Behaviours Induced by Chemical Stimulation of the Dorsal Midbrain. Neuropsychobiology 2020; 78:218-228. [PMID: 31514182 DOI: 10.1159/000502439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic and opioid systems play a crucial role in the neural modulation of innate fear organised by the inferior colliculus (IC). In addition, the IC is rich in GABAergic fibres and opioid neurons, which are also connected to other mesencephalic structures, such as the superior colliculus and the substantia nigra. However, the contribution of distinct opioid receptors (ORs) in the IC during the elaboration and expression of innate fear and panic-like responses is unclear. The purpose of the present work was to investigate a possible integrated action exerted by ORs and the GABAA receptor-mediated system in the IC on panic-like responses. METHODS The effect of the blockade of either µ1- or κ-ORs in the IC was evaluated in the unconditioned fear-induced responses elicited by GABAA antagonism with bicuculline. Microinjections of naloxonazine, a µ1-OR antagonist, or nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI), a κ-OR antagonist, were made into the IC, followed by intramesencephalic administration of the GABAA-receptor antagonist bicuculline. The defensive behaviours elicited by the treatments in the IC were quantitatively analysed, recording the number of escapes expressed as running (crossing), jumps, and rotations, over a 30-min period in a circular arena. The exploratory behaviour of rearing was also recorded. RESULTS GABAA-receptor blockade with bicuculline in the IC increased defensive behaviours. However, pretreatment of the IC with higher doses (5 µg) of naloxonazine or nor-BNI followed by bicuculline resulted in a significant decrease in unconditioned fear-induced responses. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a role played by µ1- and κ-OR-containing connexions and GABAA receptor-mediated neurotransmission on the organisation of panic attack-related responses elaborated by the IC neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício Calvo
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, São Lucas College, Porto Velho, Brazil.,Aparício Carvalho Integrative College (FIMCA), Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Rafael Carvalho Almada
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Institute of Neuroscience and Behaviour (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Juliana Almeida da Silva
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Institute of Neuroscience and Behaviour (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Priscila Medeiros
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Raimundo da Silva Soares
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Yara Bezerra de Paiva
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Camila Marroni Roncon
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Assis County Educational Foundation (FEMA), Assis, Brazil
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, .,Institute of Neuroscience and Behaviour (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, .,NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Khan AU, Falconi-Sobrinho LL, Dos Anjos-Garcia T, de Fátima Dos Santos Sampaio M, de Souza Crippa JA, Menescal-de-Oliveira L, Coimbra NC. Cannabidiol-induced panicolytic-like effects and fear-induced antinociception impairment: the role of the CB 1 receptor in the ventromedial hypothalamus. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:1063-1079. [PMID: 31919563 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05435-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The behavioural effects elicited by chemical constituents of Cannabis sativa, such as cannabidiol (CBD), on the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) are not well understood. There is evidence that VMH neurons play a relevant role in the modulation of unconditioned fear-related defensive behavioural reactions displayed by laboratory animals. OBJECTIVES This study was designed to explore the specific pattern of distribution of the CB1 receptors in the VMH and to investigate the role played by this cannabinoid receptor in the effect of CBD on the control of defensive behaviours and unconditioned fear-induced antinociception. METHODS A panic attack-like state was triggered in Wistar rats by intra-VMH microinjections of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). One of three different doses of CBD was microinjected into the VMH prior to local administration of NMDA. In addition, the most effective dose of CBD was used after pre-treatment with the CB1 receptor selective antagonist AM251, followed by NMDA microinjections in the VMH. RESULTS The morphological procedures demonstrated distribution of labelled CB1 receptors on neuronal perikarya situated in dorsomedial, central and ventrolateral divisions of the VMH. The neuropharmacological approaches showed that both panic attack-like behaviours and unconditioned fear-induced antinociception decreased after intra-hypothalamic microinjections of CBD at the highest dose (100 nmol). These effects, however, were blocked by the administration of the CB1 receptor antagonist AM251 (100 pmol) in the VMH. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that CBD causes panicolytic-like effects and reduces unconditioned fear-induced antinociception when administered in the VMH, and these effects are mediated by the CB1 receptor-endocannabinoid signalling mechanism in VMH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmat Ullah Khan
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.,Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, School of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Poonch Rawalakot, Hajira Road, Shamsabad, Rawalakot, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, 12350, Pakistan.,Neurobiology of Emotions (NAP-USP-NuPNE) Research Centre, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Luciano Falconi-Sobrinho
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.,Neurobiology of Emotions (NAP-USP-NuPNE) Research Centre, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.,Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 4220-030, Brazil
| | - Tayllon Dos Anjos-Garcia
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.,Neurobiology of Emotions (NAP-USP-NuPNE) Research Centre, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima Dos Santos Sampaio
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - José Alexandre de Souza Crippa
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioural Sciences, Division of Psychiatry, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Leda Menescal-de-Oliveira
- Neurobiology of Emotions (NAP-USP-NuPNE) Research Centre, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil. .,Neurobiology of Emotions (NAP-USP-NuPNE) Research Centre, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil. .,Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 4220-030, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mendes-Gomes J, Motta SC, Passoni Bindi R, de Oliveira AR, Ullah F, Baldo MVC, Coimbra NC, Canteras NS, Blanchard DC. Defensive behaviors and brain regional activation changes in rats confronting a snake. Behav Brain Res 2020; 381:112469. [PMID: 31917239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we examined behavioral and brain regional activation changes of rats). To a nonmammalian predator, a wild rattler snake (Crotalus durissus terrificus). Accordingly, during snake threat, rat subjects showed a striking and highly significant behavioral response of freezing, stretch attend, and, especially, spatial avoidance of this threat. The brain regional activation patterns for these rats were in broad outline similar to those of rats encountering other predator threats, showing Fos activation of sites in the amygdala, hypothalamus, and periaqueductal gray matter. In the amygdala, only the lateral nucleus showed significant activation, although the medial nucleus, highly responsive to olfaction, also showed higher activation. Importantly, the hypothalamus, in particular, was somewhat different, with significant Fos increases in the anterior and central parts of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH), in contrast to patterns of enhanced Fos expression in the dorsomedial VMH to cat predators, and in the ventrolateral VMH to an attacking conspecific. In addition, the juxtodorsalmedial region of the lateral hypothalamus showed enhanced Fos activation, where inputs from the septo-hippocampal system may suggest the potential involvement of hippocampal boundary cells in the very strong spatial avoidance of the snake and the area it occupied. Notably, these two hypothalamic paths appear to merge into the dorsomedial part of the dorsal premammillary nucleus and dorsomedial and lateral parts of the periaqueductal gray, all of which present significant increases in Fos expression and are likely to be critical for the expression of defensive behaviors in responses to the snake threat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Mendes-Gomes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil; Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto (SP), 14049-900, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto (SP), 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Simone Cristina Motta
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Passoni Bindi
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Amanda Ribeiro de Oliveira
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Farhad Ullah
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Grand Trunk Rd, Rahat Abad, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Marcus Vinicius C Baldo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil; Ophidiarium LNN-FMRP-USP/INeC, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto (SP), 14049-900, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto (SP), 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - Newton Sabino Canteras
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - D Caroline Blanchard
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; Pacific Biosciences Research Centre, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
dos Anjos-Garcia T, Coimbra NC. Anandamide in the anterior hypothalamus diminishes defensive responses elicited in mice threatened by Epicrates cenchria constrictor serpents. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2020. [DOI: 10.21307/ane-2020-017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
21
|
Uribe-Mariño A, Castiblanco-Urbina MA, Falconi-Sobrinho LL, Dos Anjos-Garcia T, de Oliveira RC, Mendes-Gomes J, da Silva Soares R, Matthiesen M, Almada RC, de Oliveira R, Coimbra NC. The alpha- and beta-noradrenergic receptors blockade in the dorsal raphe nucleus impairs the panic-like response elaborated by medial hypothalamus neurons. Brain Res 2019; 1725:146468. [PMID: 31541642 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) neurons are reciprocally connected to the locus coeruleus (LC) and send neural pathways to the medial hypothalamus (MH). The aim of this work was to investigate whether the blockade of α1-, α2- or β-noradrenergic receptors in the DRN or the inactivation of noradrenergic neurons in the LC modify defensive behaviours organised by MH neurons. For this purpose, Wistar male rats received microinjections of WB4101, RX821002, propranolol (α1-, α2- and β-noradrenergic receptor antagonists, respectively) or physiological saline in the DRN, followed 10 min later by MH GABAA receptor blockade. Other groups of animals received DSP-4 (a noradrenergic neurotoxin), physiological saline or only a needle insertion (sham group) into the LC, and 5 days later, bicuculline or physiological saline was administered in the MH. In all these cases, after MH treatment, the frequency and duration of defensive responses were recorded over 15 min. An anterograde neural tract tracer was also deposited in the DRN. DRN neurons send pathways to lateral and dorsomedial hypothalamus. Blockade of α1- and β-noradrenergic receptors in the DRN decreased escape reactions elicited by bicuculline microinjections in the MH. In addition, a significant increase in anxiety-like behaviours was observed after the blockade of α2-noradrenergic receptors in the DRN. LC pretreatment with DSP-4 decreased both anxiety- and panic attack-like behaviours evoked by GABAA receptor blockade in the MH. In summary, the present findings suggest that the norepinephrine-mediated system modulates defensive reactions organised by MH neurons at least in part via noradrenergic receptors recruitment on DRN neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Uribe-Mariño
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Angélica Castiblanco-Urbina
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz-Zentrum München-German Research Centre for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Luiz Luciano Falconi-Sobrinho
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto 14220-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tayllon Dos Anjos-Garcia
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto 14220-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rithiele Cristina de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto 14220-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joyce Mendes-Gomes
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto 14220-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raimundo da Silva Soares
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Melina Matthiesen
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Carvalho Almada
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto 14220-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto 14220-030, São Paulo, Brazil; Health Sciences Institute, Mato Grosso Federal University Medical School (UFMT), Av. Alexandre Ferronato, 1200, Reserva 35, Setor industrial, 78550-000 Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto 14220-030, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|