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Fang S, Wu Z, Guo Y, Zhu W, Wan C, Yuan N, Chen J, Hao W, Mo X, Guo X, Fan L, Li X, Chen J. Roles of microglia in adult hippocampal neurogenesis in depression and their therapeutics. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1193053. [PMID: 37881439 PMCID: PMC10597707 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1193053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis generates functional neurons from neural progenitor cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) to complement and repair neurons and neural circuits, thus benefiting the treatment of depression. Increasing evidence has shown that aberrant microglial activity can disrupt the appropriate formation and development of functional properties of neurogenesis, which will play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of depression. However, the mechanisms of the crosstalk between microglia and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in depression are not yet fully understood. Therefore, in this review, we first introduce recent discoveries regarding the roles of microglia and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the etiology of depression. Then, we systematically discuss the possible mechanisms of how microglia regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis in depression according to recent studies, which involve toll-like receptors, microglial polarization, fractalkine-C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, cytokines, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and the microbiota-gut-brain axis, etc. In addition, we summarize the promising drugs that could improve the adult hippocampal neurogenesis by regulating the microglia. These findings will help us understand the complicated pathological mechanisms of depression and shed light on the development of new treatment strategies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyi Fang
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibin Wu
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yali Guo
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Zhu
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunmiao Wan
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Naijun Yuan
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital, 2Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianbei Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhi Hao
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Mo
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Guo
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Fan
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxu Chen
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Yao Y, Lin D, Chen Y, Liu L, Wu Y, Zheng X. Fluoxetine alleviates postoperative cognitive dysfunction by attenuating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway activation in aged mice. Inflamm Res 2023:10.1007/s00011-023-01738-8. [PMID: 37188940 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01738-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication following surgery among elderly patients. Emerging evidence demonstrates that neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of POCD. This study tested the hypothesis that fluoxetine can protect against POCD by suppressing hippocampal neuroinflammation through attenuating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway activation. SUBJECTS Aged C57BL/6 J male mice (18 months old) were studied. TREATMENT Aged mice were intraperitoneally injected with fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) or saline for seven days before splenectomy. In addition, aged mice received an intracerebroventricular injection of a TLR4 agonist or saline seven days before splenectomy in the rescue experiment. METHODS On postoperative days 1, 3, and 7, we assessed hippocampus-dependent memory, microglial activation status, proinflammatory cytokine levels, protein levels related to the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, and hippocampal neural apoptosis in our aged mouse model. RESULTS Splenectomy induced a decline in spatial cognition, paralleled by parameters indicating exacerbation of hippocampal neuroinflammation. Fluoxetine pretreatment partially restored the deteriorated cognitive function, downregulated proinflammatory cytokine levels, restrained microglial activation, alleviated neural apoptosis, and suppressed the increase in TLR4, MyD88, and p-NF-κB p65 in microglia. Intracerebroventricular injection of LPS (1 μg, 0.5 μg/μL) before surgery weakened the effect of fluoxetine. CONCLUSION Fluoxetine pretreatment suppressed hippocampal neuroinflammation and mitigated POCD by inhibiting microglial TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway activation in aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 134, Dongjie, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Daoyi Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 134, Dongjie, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Yuzhi Chen
- Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Linwei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 134, Dongjie, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Yushang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 134, Dongjie, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaochun Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 134, Dongjie, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Fabio MC, Servin-Bernal IJC, Degano AL, Pautassi RM. Serotonin disruption at gestation alters expression of genes associated with serotonin synthesis and reuptake at weaning. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:3355-3366. [PMID: 36063206 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06228-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Serotonin (5-HT) is a monoamine neuromodulator that plays a key role in the organization of the central nervous system. 5-HT alterations may be associated to the emergence of social deficits and psychiatric disorders, including anxiety, depression, and substance abuse disorders. Notably, disruption of the 5-HT system during sensitive periods of development seems to exert long-term consequences, including altered anxiety responses and problematic use of alcohol. OBJECTIVE We analyzed, in mice, the effects of transient 5-HT depletion at gestation (a developmental stage when medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) 5-HT levels depend exclusively on placental 5-HT availability) on 5-HT central synthesis and reuptake at weaning. We also explored if 5-HT disruption at the embryonic stage influences behavioral outcomes that may serve as a proxy for autistic- or anxiety-like phenotypes. METHODS C57/BL6 male and female mice, born from dams treated with a 5-HT synthesis inhibitor (PCPA; 4-Chloro-DL-phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride) at gestational days (G)13.5-16.5, were subjected to a behavioral battery that assesses social preference and novelty, compulsive behavior, stereotypies, and ethanol's anti-anxiety effects, at postnatal days (P) 21-28. Afterwards, expression of the genes that encode for 5-HT synthesis (Tph2) and SERT (5-HT transporter) were analyzed in mPFC via real-time RT-PCR. Dopamine 2 receptor (D2R) expression was also analyzed via RT-PCR to further explore possible effects of PCPA on dopaminergic transmission. RESULTS Transient 5-HT disruption at G13.5-16.5 reduced Tph2 expression of both male and female mice in mPFC at P23. Notably, female mice also exhibited higher SERT expression and reduced D2R expression in mPFC. Mice derived from 5-HT depleted dams displayed heightened compulsive behavior at P21, when compared to control mice. Alcohol anti-anxiety effects at early adolescence (P28) were exhibited by mice derived from 5-HT depleted dams, but not by control counterparts. No social deficits or stereotyped behaviors were observed. CONCLUSION Transient 5-HT inhibition at gestation resulted in altered expression of genes involved in 5-HT synthesis and reuptake in mPFC at weaning, a period in which the 5-HT system is still developing. These alterations may exert lingering effects, which translate to significant compulsivity and heightened sensitivity to the anxiolytic effects of alcohol at early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Fabio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Cordoba, Argentina. .,Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina.
| | - I J C Servin-Bernal
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Cordoba, Argentina
| | - A L Degano
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel CaputtoFacultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - R M Pautassi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Cordoba, Argentina.,Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina
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Moskaliuk VS, Kozhemyakina RV, Bazovkina DV, Terenina E, Khomenko TM, Volcho KP, Salakhutdinov NF, Kulikov AV, Naumenko VS, Kulikova E. On an association between fear-induced aggression and striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase (STEP) in the brain of Norway rats. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 147:112667. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Marchisella F, Creutzberg KC, Begni V, Sanson A, Wearick-Silva LE, Tractenberg SG, Orso R, Kestering-Ferreira É, Grassi-Oliveira R, Riva MA. Exposure to Prenatal Stress Is Associated With an Excitatory/Inhibitory Imbalance in Rat Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala and an Increased Risk for Emotional Dysregulation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:653384. [PMID: 34141707 PMCID: PMC8204112 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.653384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that environmental insults and maternal stress during pregnancy increase the risk of several psychiatric disorders in the offspring. Converging lines of evidence from humans, as well as from rodent models, suggest that prenatal stress (PNS) interferes with fetal development, ultimately determining changes in brain maturation and function that may lead to the onset of neuropsychiatric disorders. From a molecular standpoint, transcriptional alterations are thought to play a major role in this context and may contribute to the behavioral phenotype by shifting the expression of genes related to excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) transmission balance. Nevertheless, the exact neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the enhanced vulnerability to psychopathology following PNS exposure are not well understood. In the present study, we used a model of maternal stress in rats to investigate the distal effects of PNS on the expression of genes related to glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmissions. We inspected two critical brain regions involved in emotion regulation, namely, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the amygdala (AMY), which we show to relate with the mild behavioral effects detected in adult rat offspring. We observed that PNS exposure promotes E/I imbalance in the PFC of adult males only, by dysregulating the expression of glutamatergic-related genes. Moreover, such an effect is accompanied by increased expression of the activity-dependent synaptic modulator gene Npas4 specifically in the PFC parvalbumin (PV)-positive interneurons, suggesting an altered regulation of synapse formation promoting higher PV-dependent inhibitory transmission and increased overall circuit inhibition in the PFC of males. In the AMY, PNS more evidently affects the transcription of GABAergic-related genes, shifting the balance toward inhibition. Collectively, our findings suggest that the E/I dysregulation of the PFC-to-AMY transmission may be a long-term signature of PNS and may contribute to increase the risk for mood disorder upon further stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marchisella
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Kerstin Camile Creutzberg
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Begni
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Sanson
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luis Eduardo Wearick-Silva
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Saulo Gantes Tractenberg
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Orso
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Érika Kestering-Ferreira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marco Andrea Riva
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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6
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Effect of turmeric on adiponectin, sexual function and sexual hormones in stressed mice. Life Sci 2021; 277:119575. [PMID: 33961859 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sexual function is essential for species survival. Melanocortin, progesterone, and estrogen can improve sexual function and they are modulated by adiponectin hormone which can be increased by Turmeric. In various studies shows Turmeric ability that is easily accessible to increase serum adiponectin levels. Therefore, the researchers decided to conduct a study to determine the effect of turmeric on serum adiponectin levels, sexual behavior, and profile of steroid hormones in stressed mice. Thirty female mice, six in each group (1. control group, 2. mice that received stress, 3. stress mice received 100 mg/kg turmeric (extract daily) for 4 weeks, 4. stress mice received turmeric (extract daily) for 4 weeks and also received adiponectin antagonist, and 5. stress groups received adiponectin antagonist), were used in the current study. The mice first underwent blood sampling. Then all mice were subjected to stress testing before the intervention except one group, which considered as a control group. The intervention in this study was done as a 100 mg/kg turmeric extract that was gavaged daily for each mouse. After the intervention, all mice were tested for sexual behavior, and then blood samples were taken to check serum levels of adiponectin, estradiol, progesterone and prolactin. So, the results showed before the intervention there were no significant difference among 5 group in levels of adiponectin (p = 0.145), estradiol (p = 0.148), progesterone (p = 0.166) and prolactin (p = 0.206) but after intervention there were significant difference between 5 group in levels of adiponectin, estradiol and progesterone (p < 0.001). Also there was significant difference among 5 groups in sexual behavior (p < 0.001). Therefore, consumption of turmeric, which increases serum adiponectin in the stressed mice, can improve sexual function and estradiol hormones profiling.
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7
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Bashiri H, Houwing DJ, Homberg JR, Salari AA. The combination of fluoxetine and environmental enrichment reduces postpartum stress-related behaviors through the oxytocinergic system and HPA axis in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8518. [PMID: 33875712 PMCID: PMC8055994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87800-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational stress can increase postpartum depression in women. To treat maternal depression, fluoxetine (FLX) is most commonly prescribed. While FLX may be effective for the mother, at high doses it may have adverse effects on the fetus. As environmental enrichment (EE) can reduce maternal stress effects, we hypothesized that a subthreshold dose of FLX increases the impact of EE to reduce anxiety and depression-like behavior in postpartum dams exposed to gestational stress. We evaluated this hypothesis in mice and to assess underlying mechanisms we additionally measured hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function and brain levels of the hormone oxytocin, which are thought to be implicated in postpartum depression. Gestational stress increased anxiety- and depression-like behavior in postpartum dams. This was accompanied by an increase in HPA axis function and a decrease in whole-brain oxytocin levels in dams. A combination of FLX and EE remediated the behavioral, HPA axis and oxytocin changes induced by gestational stress. Central administration of an oxytocin receptor antagonist prevented the remediating effect of FLX + EE, indicating that brain oxytocin contributes to the effect of FLX + EE. These findings suggest that oxytocin is causally involved in FLX + EE mediated remediation of postpartum stress-related behaviors, and HPA axis function in postpartum dams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Bashiri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Danielle J Houwing
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Center for Medical Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith R Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Center for Medical Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ali-Akbar Salari
- Salari Institute of Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders (SICBD), Karaj, Alborz, Iran.
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Henderson HJM, Etem G, Bjorni M, Belnap MA, Rosellini B, Halladay LR. Sex-dependent and ontogenetic effects of low dose ethanol on social behavioral deficits induced by mouse maternal separation. Behav Brain Res 2021; 406:113241. [PMID: 33727047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Early life stress can induce lifelong emotional and social behavioral deficits that may in some cases be alleviated by drugs or alcohol. A model for early life stress, rodent maternal separation, recapitulates these behavioral sequelae, which are not limited to potentiated anxiety-like behavior, attenuated social motivation, and altered reward-seeking. Here we employed mouse maternal separation with early weaning (MSEW), consisting of pup-dam separation lasting 4-8 hours on postnatal days (PD) 2-16, with early weaning on PD 17. Prior MSEW studies have limited subjects by age or sex, so we more comprehensively investigated MSEW effects in both sexes, during adolescence and adulthood. We found universal effects of MSEW to include lifelong enhancement of anxiety-like and despair behavior, as well as deficits in social motivation. We also observed some sex-dependent effects of MSEW, namely that female MSEW mice exhibited social habituation to a greater degree than their male counterparts. Low dose ethanol administration had no major effects on the social behavior of non-stressed mice. But interestingly, MSEW-induced social habituation was counteracted by low dose ethanol in adolescent female mice, and potentiated in adolescent male mice. These effects were absent in adult animals, suggesting that ethanol may exert differential effects on the developing brain in such a manner to produce age-, sex-, and stress-dependent effects upon social behavior. Together, results indicate that MSEW reliably produces long-lasting impairments in emotional and social behaviors in both sexes and across the lifespan, but may exert more salient social behavioral effects on female animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J M Henderson
- Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA, 95053, USA
| | - Gabrielle Etem
- Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA, 95053, USA
| | - Max Bjorni
- Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA, 95053, USA
| | - Malia A Belnap
- Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA, 95053, USA
| | - Bryce Rosellini
- Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA, 95053, USA
| | - Lindsay R Halladay
- Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA, 95053, USA.
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Sylte OC, Johansen JS, Heinla I, Houwing DJ, Olivier JDA, Heijkoop R, Snoeren EMS. Effects of perinatal fluoxetine exposure on novelty-induced social and non-social investigation behaviors in a seminatural environment. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:3653-3667. [PMID: 34557946 PMCID: PMC8629781 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are increasingly prescribed as medication for various affective disorders during pregnancy. SSRIs cross the placenta and affect serotonergic neurotransmission in the fetus, but the neurobehavioral consequences for the offspring remain largely unclear. Recent rodent research has linked perinatal SSRI exposure to alterations in both social and non-social aspects of behavior. However, this research has mainly focused on behavior within simplified environments. The current study investigates the effects of perinatal SSRI exposure on social and non-social investigation behaviors of adult rat offspring upon introduction to a novel seminatural environment with unknown conspecifics. During the perinatal period (gestational day 1 until postnatal day 21), rat dams received daily treatment with either an SSRI (fluoxetine, 10 mg/kg) or vehicle. Adult male and female offspring were observed within the first hour after introduction to a seminatural environment. The results showed that perinatal fluoxetine exposure altered aspects of non-social investigation behaviors, while not altering social investigation behaviors. More specifically, both fluoxetine-exposed males and females spent more total time on locomotor activity than controls. Furthermore, fluoxetine-exposed females spent less time exploring objects and specific elements in the environment. The data suggest that perinatal exposure to SSRIs leads to a quicker, less detailed investigation strategy in novel environments and that the alteration is mostly pronounced in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Christian Sylte
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Psychology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jesper Solheim Johansen
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Psychology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Indrek Heinla
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Psychology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Danielle J. Houwing
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Psychology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway ,grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jocelien D. A. Olivier
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Roy Heijkoop
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Psychology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Eelke M. S. Snoeren
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Psychology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway ,Regional Health Authority of North Norway, Bodø, Norway
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