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Truong Ngoc M, Nguyen QT, Pham VT, Hoang LTA, Le VA, Le VN, Tran HMD, Nguyen TD. Assessing Vodka Authenticity and Origin in Vietnam's Market: An Analytical Approach Using FTIR and ICP-MS with Multivariate Statistics. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2024; 2024:5652559. [PMID: 39045342 PMCID: PMC11265943 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5652559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Vodka constitutes a significant sector of Vietnam's alcohol industry, including both domestic and imported varieties. However, this diversity faces challenges from illegal imports and adulterated products, threatening consumer health and brand integrity. This study employs Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to analyze 300 vodka samples from five brands collected across Hanoi. Significant variations were found in elemental compositions, with sodium concentrations ranging from 205.67 μg/L to 1269.24 μg/L and magnesium levels from 65.57 μg/L to 1453.34 μg/L. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the FTIR and ICP-MS data effectively differentiated the samples, with the first two principal components explaining 84.78% and 73.02% of the total variance, respectively. The PCA plots revealed distinct chemical profiles, notably isolating Rocket Vodka. These findings enhance food safety enforcement, protect consumer rights, and preserve brand reputations. The study underscores the importance of advanced analytical tools in combating beverage adulteration, ensuring public health, and maintaining market integrity, offering a replicable model for similar research in other regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Truong Ngoc
- Center for High Technology Research and DevelopmentVietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Quang Trung Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Science and Public Health, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam
| | - Van Thinh Pham
- Faculty of Food Science and TechnologyHo Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Le Tuan Anh Hoang
- Center for High Technology Research and DevelopmentVietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Viet Anh Le
- Center for High Technology Research and DevelopmentVietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Van Nhan Le
- Center for High Technology Research and DevelopmentVietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Ha Minh Duc Tran
- Center for High Technology Research and DevelopmentVietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Tien Dat Nguyen
- Center for High Technology Research and DevelopmentVietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
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2
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Zhang J, Sun M, Elmaidomy AH, Youssif KA, Zaki AMM, Hassan Kamal H, Sayed AM, Abdelmohsen UR. Emerging trends and applications of metabolomics in food science and nutrition. Food Funct 2023; 14:9050-9082. [PMID: 37740352 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01770b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The study of all chemical processes involving metabolites is known as metabolomics. It has been developed into an essential tool in several disciplines, such as the study of plant physiology, drug development, human diseases, and nutrition. The field of food science, diagnostic biomarker research, etiological analysis in the field of medical therapy, and raw material quality, processing, and safety have all benefited from the use of metabolomics recently. Food metabolomics includes the use of metabolomics in food production, processing, and human diets. As a result of changing consumer habits and the rising of food industries all over the world, there is a remarkable increase in interest in food quality and safety. It requires the employment of various technologies for the food supply chain, processing of food, and even plant breeding. This can be achieved by understanding the metabolome of food, including its biochemistry and composition. Additionally, Food metabolomics can be used to determine the similarities and differences across crop kinds, as an indicator for tracking the process of ripening to increase crops' shelf life and attractiveness, and identifying metabolites linked to pathways responsible for postharvest disorders. Moreover, nutritional metabolomics is used to investigate the connection between diet and human health through detection of certain biomarkers. This review assessed and compiled literature on food metabolomics research with an emphasis on metabolite extraction, detection, and data processing as well as its applications to the study of food nutrition, food-based illness, and phytochemical analysis. Several studies have been published on the applications of metabolomics in food but further research concerning the use of standard reproducible procedures must be done. The results published showed promising uses in the food industry in many areas such as food production, processing, and human diets. Finally, metabolome-wide association studies (MWASs) could also be a useful predictor to detect the connection between certain diseases and low molecular weight biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianye Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Mingna Sun
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Abeer H Elmaidomy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Khayrya A Youssif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, El-Saleheya El Gadida University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Adham M M Zaki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Hossam Hassan Kamal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, 7 Universities Zone, New Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, 62513 Beni-Suef, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Almaaqal University, 61014 Basra, Iraq
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, 7 Universities Zone, New Minia 61111, Egypt
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3
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Smajlović I, Kolesnov A, Smajlović M, Tsimbalaev S, Gennady K, Ivlev V, Tereshenko G. The intra-laboratory study of EIM-IRMS® (Ethanol Isotope Measurement–Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry) method performance with CS-qNMR (Cumulative Screening–quantitative NMR). BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20235602017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In our earlier publications we proposed the possibility of using new EIM–IRMS® instrumental technique and analytical parameter δDn wine ethanol, which represents δ2H value of non-exchangeable hydrogen stable isotope ratio in ethanol, to improve detection of illegal wine production practices such as addition of sugar and/or water to grape must prior to alcoholic fermentation. This article shows a comparative performance study between EIM-IRMS® and CS-qNMR methods in order to evaluate potential and demonstrate the precision of two isotopic concepts and their degree of detection of illegal wine production practices. Three batches of laboratory wine samples were prepared from three different types of grapes (N=24 samples). Sample results obtained from both methods are compared and a statistical data processing was carried out. Based on the results obtained using the EIM-IRMS® method we detected 11 out of 21 of previously adulterated wine samples which represents a success rate of 52.4% detection of illegal practices (beet sugar, water or beet sugar syrup additions). In addition, wines from the Republic of Serbia (90 samples) were examined as well using the EIM-IRMS® method and appropriate equipment to confirm their authenticity.
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4
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Ding B, Tao Y, Xie J, Zeng G, Huang H. Traceability Evaluation of Wild and Cultivated Cordyceps sinensis by Elemental Analysis and GasBench II Coupled to Stable Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02433-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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5
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Novel time-domain NMR-based traits for rapid, label-free Olive oils profiling. NPJ Sci Food 2022; 6:59. [PMID: 36513670 PMCID: PMC9746572 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-022-00173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive oil is one of the oldest and essential edible oils in the market. The classification of olive oils (e.g. extra virgin, virgin, refined) is often influenced by factors ranging from its complex inherent physiochemical properties (e.g. fatty acid profiles) to the undisclosed manufacturing processes. Therefore, olive oils have been the target of adulteration due to its profitable margin. In this work, we demonstrate that multi-parametric time-domain NMR relaxometry can be used to rapidly (in minutes) identify and classify olive oils in label-free and non-destructive manner. The subtle differences in molecular microenvironment of the olive oils induce substantial changes in the relaxation mechanism in the time-domain NMR regime. We demonstrated that the proposed NMR-relaxation based detection (AUC = 0.95) is far more sensitive and specific than the current gold-standards in the field i.e. near-infrared spectroscopy (AUC = 0.84) and Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (AUC = 0.73), respectively. We further show that, albeit the inherent complexity of olive plant natural phenotypic variations, the proposed NMR-relaxation based traits may be a viable mean (AUC = 0.71) in tracing the regions of origin for olive trees, in agreement with their geographical orientation.
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6
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Miricioiu MG, Ionete RE, Costinel D, Botoran OR. Classification of Prunus Genus by Botanical Origin and Harvest Year Based on Carbohydrates Profile. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182838. [PMID: 36140966 PMCID: PMC9497859 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The 1H-NMR carbohydrates profiling was used to discriminate fruits from Rosaceae family in terms of botanical origin and harvest year. The classification was possible by application of multivariate data analysis, such as principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and Pearson analysis. Prior, a heat map was created based on 1H-NMR signals which offered an overview of the content of individual carbohydrates in plum, apricot, cherry and sour cherry, highlighting the similarities. Although, the PCA results were almost satisfactory, based only on carbohydrates signals, the LDA reached 94.39% and 100% classification of fruits according to their botanical origin and growing season, respectively. Additionally, a potential association with the relevant climatic data was explored by applying the Pearson analysis. These findings are intended to create an efficient NMR-based solution capable of differentiating fruit juices based on their basic sugar profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Gheorghe Miricioiu
- ICSI Analytics Group, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI, 240050 Râmnicu Vâlcea, Romania
| | - Roxana Elena Ionete
- ICSI Analytics Group, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI, 240050 Râmnicu Vâlcea, Romania
| | - Diana Costinel
- ICSI Analytics Group, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI, 240050 Râmnicu Vâlcea, Romania
| | - Oana Romina Botoran
- ICSI Analytics Group, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI, 240050 Râmnicu Vâlcea, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei 54, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +4-0250-732744
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7
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Zapata Flores EDJ, Herodes K, Leito I. Comparison of the ionisation mode in the determination of free amino acids in beers by Liquid Chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1677:463320. [PMID: 35870275 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A comparison of positive and negative ionization modes in LC-ESI-MS/MS was carried out for the analysis of derivatized amino acids in 15 different beer samples. 22 free amino acids were derivatized using Diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate (DEEMM) and their content was determined. When using the DEEMM as derivatization reagent the negative ionization mode provided analytical performance equal to or in some cases even superior to the positive ionization mode. For 6 amino acids (Thr, β-Ala, α-Ala, Met, Val and Orn) the negative mode led to lower LoQ values, while the positive mode offered lower LoQ values for 5 amino acids (Arg, Asp, Glu, GABA, and Pro). The remaining 11 amino acids showed similar LoQ values in both modes. Because of this, negative ionization mode allowed to detect and quantify amino acids such as: β-Alanine, threonine, and ornithine whose concentrations were low in most of the analysed samples. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for the results in both modes were similar. The method's linearity was determined to be in the range of 1 to 130 ppb with r2 > 0.99. Recoveries ranged from 93 to 112%. Negative mode was less affected by matrix effects the main effect was signal enhancement. In contrast, the positive ionization mode suffered from signal enhancement as well as signal suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koit Herodes
- University of Tartu, Institute on Chemistry, Ravila 14a, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Ivo Leito
- University of Tartu, Institute on Chemistry, Ravila 14a, Tartu 50411, Estonia
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8
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Alves Filho EG, Silva LMA, Lima TO, Ribeiro PRV, Vidal CS, Carvalho ESS, Druzian JI, Marques ATB, Canuto KM. 1H NMR and UPLC-HRMS-based metabolomic approach for evaluation of the grape maturity and maceration time of Touriga Nacional wines and their correlation with the chemical stability. Food Chem 2022; 382:132359. [PMID: 35152022 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Touriga Nacional is a well-adapted Portuguese grape variety in São Francisco River Valley (northeastern Brazil). Nevertheless, it has only been indicated to short-term consumption because of the lack of chemical stability, which is attributed to low grape acidity and incomplete phenolic maturity. Therefore, we used Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled High-resolution Mass Spectrometry, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and chemometrics (PCA and PLS-DA) to evaluate the grape maturity and maceration time on chemical composition of wines from two harvest seasons. Moreover, we investigated how these experimental factors could affect their chemical stability. Grapes maturity showed to be the main effect. Overall, phenolic acids and short-chain organic acids were found to be at higher levels in wines produced with unripe grapes from February and shorter maceration time (p < 0.05). Proanthocyanidins and other flavonoids were increased in wines macerated for longer time using overripe grapes harvested in July. Furthermore, stable wines were made from overripe grapes, which contained more galacturonic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kirley M Canuto
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, 60511-110 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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9
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Kumar K. Unsupervised Classification of Liquid Chromatographic Profiles by Constraint Randomised Non-Negative Factor Analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934822060065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Abstract
The table olive industry generates high amounts of wastewater annually during the alkaline treatment, fermentation, and washing steps of olives. High conductivity and salt content, as well as the high organic and biophenol contents of these waters, is a worldwide problem, especially in the Mediterranean region, which is the major table olive producing area. There is a wide variety of bioactives found in wastewater derived from table olive processing. The main compounds of table olive wastewater, such as those derived from phenolic, hydrocarbon, and sugar fractions, can be recovered and reused. In this review, the table olive manufacturing processes and the volumes and composition of wastewater generated from the different methods of table olive processing are discussed. In addition, biophenols of table olive water and their biological activities are also introduced. The high concentrations of valuable biophenols, such as tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol, show promising potential for valorizing table olive wastewater; however, more research is needed in this area.
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11
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Dou X, Zhang L, Yang R, Wang X, Yu L, Yue X, Ma F, Mao J, Wang X, Zhang W, Li P. Mass spectrometry in food authentication and origin traceability. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022:e21779. [PMID: 35532212 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Food authentication and origin traceability are popular research topics, especially as concerns about food quality continue to increase. Mass spectrometry (MS) plays an indispensable role in food authentication and origin traceability. In this review, the applications of MS in food authentication and origin traceability by analyzing the main components and chemical fingerprints or profiles are summarized. In addition, the characteristic markers for food authentication are also reviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of MS-based techniques for food authentication, as well as the current trends and challenges, are discussed. The fingerprinting and profiling methods, in combination with multivariate statistical analysis, are more suitable for the authentication of high-value foods, while characteristic marker-based methods are more suitable for adulteration detection. Several new techniques have been introduced to the field, such as proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry, ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS), and ion mobility mass spectrometry, for the determination of food adulteration due to their fast and convenient analysis. As an important trend, the miniaturization of MS offers advantages, such as small and portable instrumentation and fast and nondestructive analysis. Moreover, many applications in food authentication are using AIMS, which can help food authentication in food inspection/field analysis. This review provides a reference and guide for food authentication and traceability based on MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjing Dou
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangxiao Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruinan Yang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Yu
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseeds Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yue
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseeds Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
- Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Mao
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiupin Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseeds Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseeds Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
- Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Peiwu Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseeds Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
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12
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Li L, Wei Y, Liu Y, Xiang S, Zhang H, Shang Y. Identification of
matB
used as an endogenous reference gene for the qualitative and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction detection of
Lentinus edodes. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:2550-2557. [PMID: 35959267 PMCID: PMC9361445 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lentinus edodes is a fungus with rich nutritional value and good medicinal value and has accordingly become a substitute for other expensive wild edible mushrooms. In this study, for the first time, the matB gene was selected as an endogenous reference gene of L. edodes and identified as the species‐specific gene. The matB genes of L. edodes and 18 non‐L. edodes species were determined by qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), but no amplification was found in non‐L. edodes species. In SYBR Green quantitative PCR analysis, the detection limit was as low as 16 pg/µl of DNA template. All of these experiments indicated that the matB gene is an ideal reference gene and can detect L. edodes material through qualitative and quantitative PCR assays. It also provides a convenient and accurate approach for the detection of L. edodes products and the adulteration in wild edible mushroom products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Yuanmiao Wei
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Yao Liu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Shuna Xiang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Hanyue Zhang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Ying Shang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
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13
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Gherghely I, Rácz-Fazakas T, Gór C, Kapiller-Dezsőfi R, Romhányi AR. Effect of the production site on stable isotopes of ethanol in fruit spirits. TALANTA OPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2022.100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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14
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Rashidi L, Faraji Sarabmirza R, Joolaei Ahranjani P, Hadi Jume B, Gholami Z, Rashid Nodeh H. Dispersive clean-up process based on a magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite for determination of 2-glycerol monopalmitate in olive oil prior to GC-FID and GC-MS analysis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:995-1001. [PMID: 34302362 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, methods have been developed for the better quality control, fraud detection and analytical investigation of olive oil. Magnetic graphene oxide (GO) material is known for its reusability, high adsorption capability and stability in food sample preparation. Monopalmitine or 2-glycerol monopalmitate (2-GMP) is one of the main parameters in the quality assay and classification of olive oil, which can be classified as extra virgin ≤ 0.9% and olive pomace ≤ 1.2. Hence, newly synthesized magnetic GO (MGO) and commercial silica-gel were used as a dispersive solid-phase clean-up (d-SPE) sorbent to determine 2-GMP value in olive oil samples prior to gas chromatography (GC) analysis. The d-SPE method is validated with olive oil certified reference material (CRM) with respect to silica-gel and a MGO nanocomposite. RESULTS The developed d-SPE method was applied for various virgin, refined and pomace olive oil samples to determine the value of 2-GMP%. The presence of 2-GMP in the samples was confirmed by GC-mass spectrometry analysis based on silylation derivatives of the analyte. Finally, the d-SPE-MGO method was determined 2-GMP% as 1.9% for pomace olive oil, 0.6% for refined olive oil, 0.4% for virgin olive oil and 3.1% for CRM. The MGO provided satisfactory clean-up recovery (124%) in the acceptable data range for CRM2018, and silica-gel also provided satisfactory recovery (83%) for CRM2018. The proposed method performed with higher sensitivity and efficiency for screening 2-GMP% in olive oil. CONCLUSION The MGO based d-SPE method was applied for clean-up purposes to determine 2-GMP%. It proved superior via its advantageous features of super quickness, easy isolation with an external magnet and the highly efficient exclusion of all the coexisting interfering peaks conventionally generated with a standard silica-gel material. These methods based on MGO and silica-gel are reflected in the dispersive mode of extraction and can be used as alternatives to conventional methods. Considering the benefits of the consumption of significantly fewer sorbents and less time required regarding the dispersive methods, the methods can be utilized as alternatives in contrast to conventional techniques. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladan Rashidi
- Food Technology and Agricultural Products Research Center, Standard Research Institute (SRI), Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Parham Joolaei Ahranjani
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Binta Hadi Jume
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and General Studies, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafar Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahra Gholami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Mid Sweden University, SE-85170 Sundsvall, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Hamid Rashid Nodeh
- Food Technology and Agricultural Products Research Center, Standard Research Institute (SRI), Karaj, Iran
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15
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Nguyen-Quang T, Bui-Quang M, Truong-Ngoc M. Rapid Identification of Geographical Origin of Commercial Soybean Marketed in Vietnam by ICP-MS. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2021; 2021:5583860. [PMID: 34751237 PMCID: PMC8572128 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5583860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analytical method was used to determine the content of 40 elements in 38 soybean samples (Glycine Max) from 4 countries. Multivariate statistical methods, such as principal components analysis (PCA), were performed to analyze the obtained data to establish the provenance of the soybeans. Although soybean is widely marketed in many countries, no universal method is used to discriminate the origin of these cereals. Our study introduced the initial step to the identification of the geographical origin of commercial soybean marketed in Vietnam. The analysis pointed out that there are significant differences in the mean of 33 of the 40 analyzed elements among 4 countries' soybean samples, namely, 11B, 27Al, 44Ca, 45Sc, 47Ti, 55Mn, 56Fe, 59Co, 60Ni, 63Cu, 66Zn, 69Ga, 75As, 78Se, 85Rb, 88Sr, 89Y, 90Zr, 93Nb, 95Mo, 103Rh, 137Ba, 163Dy, 165Ho, 175Lu, 178Hf, 181Ta, 182W, 185Re, 197Au, 202Hg, 205Tl, and 208Pb. The PCA analysis showed that the soybean samples can be classified correctly according to their original locations. This research can be used as a prerequisite for future studies of using the combination of elemental composition analysis with statistical classification methods for an accurate provenance establishment of soybean, which determined a variation of key markers for the original discrimination of soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Nguyen-Quang
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, 100000 Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Bui-Quang
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, 100000 Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Truong-Ngoc
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, 100000 Hanoi, Vietnam
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, 100000 Hanoi, Vietnam
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16
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Pocan P, Knapkiewicz M, Rachocki A, Oztop MH. Detection of Authenticity and Quality of the Turkish Delights (Lokum) by Means of Conventional and Fast Field Cycling Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12089-12101. [PMID: 34153190 PMCID: PMC8532161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Turkish delights (lokum) are traditional confectionery products that contain mainly sucrose as the sugar source and starch as the gelling agent. However, manufacturers sometimes might prefer to use corn syrup instead of sucrose to decrease the cost. This jeopardizes the originality of Turkish delights and leads to production of adulterated samples. In this study, Turkish delights were formulated using sucrose (original sample) and different types of corn syrups (SBF10, SCG40, and SCG60). Results clearly indicated that corn-syrup-containing samples had improved textural properties and were less prone to crystallization. However, this case affected authenticity of the products negatively. Both time domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD NMR) and fast field cycling nuclear magnetic resonance (FFC NMR) techniques were found to be effective to discriminate the original samples from the corn-syrup-containing samples. In addition, quantitative analysis of FFC NMR showed that, apart from the rotational motions, molecules in Turkish delights (mainly water and also sugar molecules) undergo two types of translational dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Pocan
- Department
of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical
University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Adam Rachocki
- Institute
of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of
Sciences, 60-179 Poznań, Poland
| | - Mecit Halil Oztop
- Department
of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical
University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
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17
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Modeling of Antioxidant Activity, Polyphenols and Macronutrients Content of Bee Pollen Applying Solid-State 13C NMR Spectra. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071123. [PMID: 34356356 PMCID: PMC8301116 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
An application of solid 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for the determination of macronutrients, total polyphenols content, antioxidant activity, N C S elements, and pH in commercially available bee pollens is reported herein. Solid-state 13C NMR spectra were recorded for homogenized pollen granules without chemical treatment or dissolution of samples. By combining spectral data with the results of reference analyses, partial least squares models were constructed and validated separately for each of the studied parameters. To characterize and compare the models’ quality, the relative standard errors of prediction (RSEP) were calculated for calibration and validation sets. In the case of the analysis of protein, fat and reducing sugars, these errors were in the 1.8–2.5% range. Modeling the elemental composition of bee pollen on the basis of 13C NMR spectra resulted in RSEPcal/RSEPval values of 0.3/0.6% for the sum of NHCS elements, 0.3/0.4% for C, 1.8/1.9% for N, and 4.2/6.1% for S quantification. Analyses of total phenolics and ABTS antioxidant activity resulted in RSEP values in the 2.7–3.5% and 2.8–3.8% ranges, respectively, whereas they were 1.4–2.1% for pH. The obtained results demonstrate the usefulness of 13C solid-state NMR spectroscopy for direct determination of various important physiochemical parameters of bee pollen.
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18
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Zhang C, Lei Z, Li Y, Yi L, Shang Y. Identification of Tps2 Used as an Endogenous Reference Gene in Qualitative and Real-time Quantitative PCR Detection of Flammulina velutipes. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02043-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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19
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Sun X, Zhang F, Gutiérrez-Gamboa G, Ge Q, Xu P, Zhang Q, Fang Y, Ma T. Real wine or not? Protecting wine with traceability and authenticity for consumers: chemical and technical basis, technique applications, challenge, and perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6783-6808. [PMID: 33825545 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1906624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Wine is a high-value alcoholic beverage welcomed by consumers because of its flavor and nutritional value. The key information on wine bottle label is the basis of consumers' choice, which also becomes a target for manufacturers to adulterate, including geographical origin, grape variety and vintage. With the improvement of wine adulteration technology, modern technological means are needed to solve the above mentioned problems. The chemical basis of wine determines the type of technique used. Detection technology can be subdivided into four groups: mass spectrometry techniques, spectroscopic techniques, chromatography techniques, and other techniques. Multivariate statistical analysis of the data was performed by means of chemometrics methods. This paper outlines a series of procedures for wine classification and identification, and classified the analytical techniques and data processing methods used in recent years with listing their principles, advantages and disadvantages to help wine researchers choose appropriate methods to meet the challenge and ensure wine traceability and authenticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Sun
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, China
| | | | - Qian Ge
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, China.,Quality Standards and Testing Institute of Agricultural Technology, Yinchuan, China
| | - Pingkang Xu
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Qianwen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Food Science and Technology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yulin Fang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tingting Ma
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, China
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20
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Nehal N, Choudhary B, Nagpure A, Gupta RK. DNA barcoding: a modern age tool for detection of adulteration in food. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 41:767-791. [PMID: 33530758 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1874279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Globalization of the food trade requires precise and exact information about the origin, methods of production, transformation technologies, authentication, and the traceability of foodstuffs. New challenges in food supply chains such as deliberate fraudulent substitution, tampering or mislabeling of food and its ingredients or food packaging incapacitates the market and eventually the national economy. Currently, no proper standards have been established for the authentication of most of the food materials. However, in order to control food fraud, various robust and cost-effective technologies have been employed, like a spectrophotometer, GC-MS, HPLC, and DNA barcoding. Among these techniques, DNA barcoding is a biotechnology advantage with the principle of using 400-800 bp long standardized unique DNA sequences of mitochondrial (e.g. COI) or plastidial (e.g. rbcL) of nuclear origin (e.g. ITS) to analyze and classify the food commodities. This review covers several traded food commodities like legumes, seafood, oils, herbal products, spices, fruits, cereals, meat, and their unique barcodes which are critically analyzed to detect adulteration or fraud. DNA barcoding is a global initiative and it is being accepted as a global standard/marker for species identification or authentication. The research laboratories and industries should collaborate to realize its potential in setting standards for quality assurance, quality control, and food safety for different food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazish Nehal
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka, India
| | - Bharti Choudhary
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
| | - Anand Nagpure
- Biology Division, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Bhopal, India
| | - Rajinder K Gupta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
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21
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Dhaulaniya AS, Balan B, Sodhi KK, Kelly S, Cannavan A, Singh DK. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of corn syrup as a potential added sweetener in apple fruit juices using mid-infrared spectroscopy assisted chemometric modeling. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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22
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Liquid Chromatographic Approach for the Discrimination and Classification of Cava Samples Based on the Phenolic Composition Using Chemometric Methods. BEVERAGES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages6030054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic profiles obtained by liquid chromatography with UV/vis detection were here exploited to classify cava samples from the protected designation of origin Cava. Wine samples belonging to various classes which differed in grape varieties, blends and fermentation processes were studied based on profiling and fingerprinting approaches. Hence, concentrations of relevant phenolic acids and chromatograms registered at 310 nm were preliminarily examined by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to extract information on cava classes. It was found that various hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids such as gallic, gentisic, caffeic or caftaric acids were up- or down-expressed depending on the wine varieties. Additionally, Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) was applied to classify the cava samples according to varietal origins and blends. The classification models were established using well-known wines as the calibration standards. Subsequently, models were applied to assign unknown samples to their corresponding classes. Excellent classification rates were obtained thus proving the potentiality of the proposed approach for characterization and authentication purposes.
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23
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Li X, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Wang D, Wang X, Yu L, Zhang W, Li P. Review of NIR spectroscopy methods for nondestructive quality analysis of oilseeds and edible oils. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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24
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Francois G, Fabrice V, Didier M. Traceability of fruits and vegetables. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 173:112291. [PMID: 32106013 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Food safety and traceability are nowadays a constant concern for consumers, and indeed for all actors in the food chain, including those involved in the fruit and vegetable sector. For the EU, the principles and legal requirements of traceability are set out in Regulation 178/2002. Currently however the regulation does not describe any analytical traceability tools. Furthermore, traceability systems for fruits and vegetables face increasing competition due to market globalization. The current challenge for actors in this sector is therefore to be sufficiently competitive in terms of price, traceability, quality and safety to avoid scandal and fraud. For all these reasons, new, flexible, cheap and efficient traceability tools, as isotopic analysis, DNA fingerprinting and metabolomic profiling coupled with chemometrics are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guyon Francois
- Service Commun des Laboratoires, Laboratoire de Bordeaux/Pessac, 3 Avenue du Dr. A. Schweitzer, 33608, Pessac Cedex, France.
| | - Vaillant Fabrice
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d'Avignon, Univ de La Réunion, Montpellier, France; AGROSAVIA (Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research), C.I. La Selva, Km 7 via las Palmas, Rionegro, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Montet Didier
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d'Avignon, Univ de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
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25
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Combined Analysis of Primary Metabolites and Phenolic Compounds to Authenticate Commercial Monovarietal Peach Purees and Pear Juices. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183289. [PMID: 31509952 PMCID: PMC6767303 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we authenticated single-varietal peach purees and pear juices on the basis of primary metabolite and phenolic compound analysis by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) and Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Photodiode Array and Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-PDA-MS/MS), respectively. After suitable preprocessing, the 1H-NMR and chromatographic data were evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA). The PCA combining data from primary metabolites and phenolic compounds allowed the separation of the clusters in all cases, allowing discrimination of processed and unprocessed peach purees, both separately and pooled. The PCA of primary metabolites allowed the cluster separation of purees of distinct peach varieties but not between processed and non-processed purees. The PCA of phenolic compounds allowed better cluster separation than of primary metabolites. For pear juices, both PCA approaches allowed satisfactory discrimination of Alejandrina, Conference, and Blanquilla cultivars. These approaches may help to better control cultivar authenticity in fruit products. It could therefore contribute to the development of a process to achieve products characterized by a quality characteristic of a given cultivar.
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26
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YILMAZ İ, ÖZPINAR H. Beslenme ve Gıda Alanlarında Metabolomik Uygulamalar: Genel Bir Değerlendirme. İSTANBUL GELIŞIM ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI DERGISI 2019. [DOI: 10.38079/igusabder.550904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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27
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Esteki M, Shahsavari Z, Simal-Gandara J. Gas Chromatographic Fingerprinting Coupled to Chemometrics for Food Authentication. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2019.1649691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Esteki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Z. Shahsavari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - J. Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo – Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
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28
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Non-targeted Detection of Multiple Frauds in Orange Juice Using Double Water-Soluble Fluorescence Quantum Dots and Chemometrics. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01570-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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29
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1H NMR and LC-MS-based metabolomic approach for evaluation of the seasonality and viticultural practices in wines from São Francisco River Valley, a Brazilian semi-arid region. Food Chem 2019; 289:558-567. [PMID: 30955648 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.03.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
São Francisco River Valley (SFRV) is a wine-producing semi-arid region in Brazil. Therefore, we used a 1H NMR and UPLC-MS-based metabolomic approach coupled to chemometrics to evaluate the variability in Chenin Blanc and Syrah wines for two harvest seasons, two vine training system and six rootstocks. Overall, the secondary metabolites were influenced by the three factors studied, whereas the primary metabolites were only by the seasonality. Chenin Blanc wines made in December presented higher content of an unidentified carbohydrate. In Syrah wines, glycerol, tartaric acid, succinic acid and 2,3-butanediol were greater in December, while proline and lactic acid were more abundant in July. For training system, caffeic acid derivatives were increased in wines produced from espalier. Lyre system increased phenolic compounds, organic acids and apocarotenoids. The effect of the rootstocks was less pronounced, affecting basically caffeic acid derivatives. Thus, we expect that our results may assist the winemakers to improve the SFRV wine quality.
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30
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Spangenberg JE, Zufferey V. Carbon isotope compositions of whole wine, wine solid residue, and wine ethanol, determined by EA/IRMS and GC/C/IRMS, can record the vine water status—a comparative reappraisal. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:2031-2043. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01625-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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31
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Matviychuk Y, Yeo J, Holland DJ. A field-invariant method for quantitative analysis with benchtop NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2019; 298:35-47. [PMID: 30529048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently developed benchtop instruments have the potential of bringing the benefits of NMR spectroscopy to the wide variety of industrial applications. Unfortunately, their low spectral resolution poses significant challenges for traditional quantification approach. Here we present a novel model-based method designed to overcome these challenges. By defining our models in terms of quantum mechanical properties of the underlying spin system, we make our approach invariant to the spectrometer field strength and especially suitable for analyzing benchtop data. Our experimental results on prepared samples and natural fruit juices confirm the applicability of our method for quantitative analysis of medium-field 1H NMR spectra. The developed method succeeds in accurately separating the spectra of glucose anomers and even monitoring their interconversion in non-deuterated water. Furthermore, the compositions of unbuffered natural fruit juices estimated using data from 43 MHz to 400 MHz spectrometers are in good agreement with each other and with the reference values from nutrition databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevgen Matviychuk
- University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Cristchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Jet Yeo
- University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Cristchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Daniel J Holland
- University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Cristchurch 8140, New Zealand.
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32
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A review on the application of chromatographic methods, coupled to chemometrics, for food authentication. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
The wine sector is one of the most economically important agro-food businesses. The wine market value is largely associated to terroir, in some cases resulting in highly expensive wines that attract fraudulent practices. The existent wine traceability system has some limitations that can be overcome with the development of new technological approaches that can tackle this problem with several means. This review aims to call attention to the problem and to present several strategies that can assure a more reliable and authentic wine system, identifying existent technologies developed for the sector, which can be incorporated into the current traceability system.
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34
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Silva CJ. Food Forensics: Using Mass Spectrometry To Detect Foodborne Protein Contaminants, as Exemplified by Shiga Toxin Variants and Prion Strains. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8435-8450. [PMID: 29860833 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Food forensicists need a variety of tools to detect the many possible food contaminants. As a result of its analytical flexibility, mass spectrometry is one of those tools. Use of the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) method expands its use to quantitation as well as detection of infectious proteins (prions) and protein toxins, such as Shiga toxins. The sample processing steps inactivate prions and Shiga toxins; the proteins are digested with proteases to yield peptides suitable for MRM-based analysis. Prions are detected by their distinct physicochemical properties and differential covalent modification. Shiga toxin analysis is based on detecting peptides derived from the five identical binding B subunits comprising the toxin. 15N-labeled internal standards are prepared from cloned proteins. These examples illustrate the power of MRM, in that the same instrument can be used to safely detect and quantitate protein toxins, prions, and small molecules that might contaminate our food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Silva
- Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture , Albany , California 94710 , United States
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35
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Braschi E, Marchionni S, Priori S, Casalini M, Tommasini S, Natarelli L, Buccianti A, Bucelli P, Costantini EAC, Conticelli S. Tracing the 87Sr/ 86Sr from rocks and soils to vine and wine: An experimental study on geologic and pedologic characterisation of vineyards using radiogenic isotope of heavy elements. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 628-629:1317-1327. [PMID: 30045553 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we report an experimental study to assess the process of Sr-isotope uptake from the soil and its transfer to the grapevine and then to the wine made through micro-vinification. The experimental work has been carried out with a deep control of the boundary conditions (i.e., type of soil, geologic substratum, ground water supply, etc.) on 11 selected vine-plant sites over a period of four harvest years. Sr-isotopes have been determined on grape-bunches, grapevine sap, on the bioavailable fraction of the soil, on bulk soil, and on the rocks of the substratum. No significant Sr-isotope variability has been observed among micro-vinifications from different harvest years. A slight but significant Sr-isotope variability occurred among wines from rows embedded on different soil type. The Sr-isotope data on micro-vinifications well match those of grapevine sap and bioavailable fraction of soils, all of them falling well within the whole geological range of the bedrock, despite an evident decoupling between bioavailable fraction, whole soils and bedrocks does exist. This decoupling has been ascribed to differential geochemical behaviour of minerals in response to pedogenetic processes. The findings of our experiments indicate that the biological activity of the vine is not able to change the original 87Sr/86Sr composition up-taken from the bio-available fraction of the soil. Thus, the 87Sr/86Sr of the wine is an unadulterated feature of the terroir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Braschi
- C.N.R., Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse, U.O.S. di Firenze, via Giorgio La Pira 4, I-50121 Firenze, Italy; CREA, Centro di Ricerca Agricoltura e Ambiente, via di Lanciola 12a, Cascine del Riccio, I-50125 Firenze, Italy
| | - Sara Marchionni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Giorgio La Pira 4, I-50121 Firenze, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi di Roma III, Largo San Gesualdo Murialdo, 1, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Simone Priori
- CREA, Centro di Ricerca Agricoltura e Ambiente, via di Lanciola 12a, Cascine del Riccio, I-50125 Firenze, Italy
| | - Martina Casalini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Giorgio La Pira 4, I-50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Simone Tommasini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Giorgio La Pira 4, I-50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Laura Natarelli
- CREA, Centro di Ricerca Agricoltura e Ambiente, via di Lanciola 12a, Cascine del Riccio, I-50125 Firenze, Italy
| | - Antonella Buccianti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Giorgio La Pira 4, I-50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Bucelli
- CREA, Centro di Ricerca Agricoltura e Ambiente, via di Lanciola 12a, Cascine del Riccio, I-50125 Firenze, Italy
| | - Edoardo A C Costantini
- CREA, Centro di Ricerca Agricoltura e Ambiente, via di Lanciola 12a, Cascine del Riccio, I-50125 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Sandro Conticelli
- C.N.R., Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse, U.O.S. di Firenze, via Giorgio La Pira 4, I-50121 Firenze, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Giorgio La Pira 4, I-50121 Firenze, Italy.
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36
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Khodadadi A, Nemati M, Tamizi E, Nazemiyeh H. Facile and Accelerated Method for Detection of Adulteration in Commercially Available Lime Juice Products in Iranian Marke. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.15171/ps.2018.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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37
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Kutyła-Olesiuk A, Wesoły M, Wróblewski W. Hybrid Electronic Tongue as a Tool for the Monitoring of Wine Fermentation and Storage Process. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kutyła-Olesiuk
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland Tel./Fax: +48 22 459 25 08
- Polish Geological Institute-National Research Institute; Rakowiecka 4 00-975 Warsaw Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wesoły
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland Tel./Fax: +48 22 459 25 08
| | - Wojciech Wróblewski
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland Tel./Fax: +48 22 459 25 08
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38
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A Critical View of Different Botanical, Molecular, and Chemical Techniques Used in Authentication of Plant Materials for Cosmetic Applications. COSMETICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics5020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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39
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Włodarska K, Khmelinskii I, Sikorska E. Authentication of apple juice categories based on multivariate analysis of the synchronous fluorescence spectra. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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40
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Fan K, Zhang M. Recent developments in the food quality detected by non-invasive nuclear magnetic resonance technology. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:2202-2213. [PMID: 29451810 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1441124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a rapid, accurate and non-invasive technology and widely used to detect the quality of food, particularly to fruits and vegetables, meat and aquatic products. This review is a survey of recent developments in experimental results for the quality of food on various NMR technologies in processing and storage over the past decade. Following a discussion of the quality discrimination and classification of food, analysis of food compositions and detection of physical, chemical, structural and microbiological properties of food are outlined. Owing to high cost, low detection limit and sensitivity, the professional knowledge involved and the safety issues related to the maintenance of the magnetic field, so far the practical applications are limited to detect small range of food. In order to promote applications for a broader range of foods further research and development efforts are needed to overcome the limitations of NMR in the detection process. The needs and opportunities for future research and developments are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Fan
- a State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu , China.,b International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu , China
| | - Min Zhang
- a State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu , China.,c Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu , China
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41
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Lo YT, Shaw PC. DNA-based techniques for authentication of processed food and food supplements. Food Chem 2018; 240:767-774. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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42
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Deborde C, Moing A, Roch L, Jacob D, Rolin D, Giraudeau P. Plant metabolism as studied by NMR spectroscopy. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 102-103:61-97. [PMID: 29157494 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The study of plant metabolism impacts a broad range of domains such as plant cultural practices, plant breeding, human or animal nutrition, phytochemistry and green biotechnologies. Plant metabolites are extremely diverse in terms of structure or compound families as well as concentrations. This review attempts to illustrate how NMR spectroscopy, with its broad variety of experimental approaches, has contributed widely to the study of plant primary or specialized metabolism in very diverse ways. The review presents recent developments of one-dimensional and multi-dimensional NMR methods to study various aspects of plant metabolism. Through recent examples, it highlights how NMR has proved to be an invaluable tool for the global characterization of sample composition within metabolomic studies, and shows some examples of use for targeted phytochemistry, with a special focus on compound identification and quantitation. In such cases, NMR approaches are often used to provide snapshots of the plant sample composition. The review also covers dynamic aspects of metabolism, with a description of NMR techniques to measure metabolic fluxes - in most cases after stable isotope labelling. It is mainly intended for NMR specialists who would be interested to learn more about the potential of their favourite technique in plant sciences and about specific details of NMR approaches in this field. Therefore, as a practical guide, a paragraph on the specific precautions that should be taken for sample preparation is also included. In addition, since the quality of NMR metabolic studies is highly dependent on approaches to data processing and data sharing, a specific part is dedicated to these aspects. The review concludes with perspectives on the emerging methods that could change significantly the role of NMR in the field of plant metabolism by boosting its sensitivity. The review is illustrated throughout with examples of studies selected to represent diverse applications of liquid-state or HR-MAS NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Deborde
- INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux - MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Annick Moing
- INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux - MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Léa Roch
- INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux - MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Daniel Jacob
- INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux - MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Dominique Rolin
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux - MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; Univ. Bordeaux, UMR1332, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, 71 av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Patrick Giraudeau
- Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), UMR 6230, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Faculté des Sciences, BP 92208, 2 rue de la Houssinière, F-44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France.
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43
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Farley C, Kassu A, Bose N, Jackson-Davis A, Boateng J, Ruffin P, Sharma A. Short Distance Standoff Raman Detection of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Adulterated with Canola and Grapeseed Oils. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 71:1340-1347. [PMID: 27956592 DOI: 10.1177/0003702816681796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A short distance standoff Raman technique is demonstrated for detecting economically motivated adulteration (EMA) in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). Using a portable Raman spectrometer operating with a 785 nm laser and a 2-in. refracting telescope, adulteration of olive oil with grapeseed oil and canola oil is detected between 1% and 100% at a minimum concentration of 2.5% from a distance of 15 cm and at a minimum concentration of 5% from a distance of 1 m. The technique involves correlating the intensity ratios of prominent Raman bands of edible oils at 1254, 1657, and 1441 cm-1 to the degree of adulteration. As a novel variation in the data analysis technique, integrated intensities over a spectral range of 100 cm-1 around the Raman line were used, making it possible to increase the sensitivity of the technique. The technique is demonstrated by detecting adulteration of EVOO with grapeseed and canola oils at 0-100%. Due to the potential of this technique for making measurements from a convenient distance, the short distance standoff Raman technique has the promise to be used for routine applications in food industry such as identifying food items and monitoring EMA at various checkpoints in the food supply chain and storage facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlton Farley
- 1 Department of Physics, Alabama A&M University, AL, USA
| | - Aschalew Kassu
- 2 Department of Construction Management, Alabama A&M University, AL, USA
| | - Nayana Bose
- 3 Department of Economics, Scripps College, CA, USA
| | | | - Judith Boateng
- 4 Department of Food and Animal Sciences, Alabama A&M University, AL, USA
| | - Paul Ruffin
- 1 Department of Physics, Alabama A&M University, AL, USA
| | - Anup Sharma
- 1 Department of Physics, Alabama A&M University, AL, USA
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45
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Carbon Stable Isotope Analysis for Glucose in Sake: Simple Freeze-Dried Sake Can Substitute for Glucose Following HPLC Isolation. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-0839-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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46
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Akamatsu F, Hashiguchi T, Hisatsune Y, Oe T, Kawao T, Fujii T. Method for the isolation of citric acid and malic acid in Japanese apricot liqueur for carbon stable isotope analysis. Food Chem 2017; 217:112-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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47
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Rapid Analysis Procedures for Triglycerides and Fatty Acids as Pentyl and Phenethyl Esters for the Detection of Butter Adulteration Using Chromatographic Techniques. J FOOD QUALITY 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/9698107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the development of three methods for quality control, fraud detection, and authentication of butter fat and other oils/fats using chromatographic techniques, with one method for triglycerides and two methods for fatty acids (FAs). The procedure for the analysis of triglycerides requires only dissolution of the sample inn-hexane and gas chromatography (GC) analysis using a capillary column. The second method is based on the transesterification of triglycerides as pentyl esters in a single-step reaction using sodium pentanoate in pentanol. The reaction proceeds at room temperature and is similar to the potassium hydroxide-catalysed transesterification of triglycerides with methanol and even more similar to the sodium methoxide method and sodium butanoate method. The advantage of using pentyl esters includes reducing the volatility of short-chain FAs, and substantial recoveries were obtained compared with methyl ester analysis. The third method involves the transesterification of triglycerides in fat through reaction with 2-phenylethanol in a single step; 2-phenylethanol possesses a chromophore, and the phenethyl esters formed are analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection.
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Catalano V, Moreno-Sanz P, Lorenzi S, Grando MS. Experimental Review of DNA-Based Methods for Wine Traceability and Development of a Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Genotyping Assay for Quantitative Varietal Authentication. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:6969-6984. [PMID: 27573905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The genetic varietal authentication of wine was investigated according to DNA isolation procedures reported for enological matrices and also by testing 11 commercial extraction kits and various protocol modifications. Samples were collected at different stages of the winemaking process of renowned Italian wines Brunello di Montalcino, Lambruschi Modenesi, and Trento DOC. Results demonstrated not only that grape DNA loss is produced by the fermentation process but also that clarification and stabilization operations contribute to the reduction of double-stranded DNA content on wine. Despite the presence of inhibitors, downstream PCR genotyping yielded reliable nuclear and chloroplast SSR markers for must samples, whereas no amplification or inconsistent results were obtained at later stages of the vinification. In addition, a TaqMan genotyping assay based on cultivar-specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was designed, which allowed assessment of grapevine DNA mixtures. Once the wine matrix limitations are overcome, this sensitive tool may be implemented for the relative quantification of cultivars used for blend wines or frauds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Catalano
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach , Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Paula Moreno-Sanz
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach , Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Silvia Lorenzi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach , Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Maria Stella Grando
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach , Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
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49
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Black C, Chevallier OP, Elliott CT. The current and potential applications of Ambient Mass Spectrometry in detecting food fraud. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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50
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Determination of Alcohol Content in Alcoholic Beverages Using 45 MHz Benchtop NMR Spectrometer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1155/2016/2526946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol or ethanol is considered the most widely used recreational drug worldwide, and its production, consumption, and sale are strictly regulated by laws. Alcohol content of alcoholic beverages (wine, beers, and spirits) is about 3–50% v/v. Analytical methods to determine the alcohol content must be reliable, precise, and accurate. In this study, the amount of ethanol in several alcoholic beverages was determined using a 45 MHz low-field benchtop NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectrometer. Internal standard and standard addition analytical methods were utilized to quantify ethanol. For both methods, acetic acid or acetonitrile was used as internal standard to quantify alcohol content by using the peak area corresponding to the methyl peaks of ethanol, acetic acid, or acetonitrile. Results showed that internal standard method gave values of percent alcohol that are in close agreement with the indicated label as confirmed by running the samples in a 400 MHz high-field NMR spectrometer using acetic acid as internal standard. This study demonstrates the utility of a benchtop NMR spectrometer that can provide an alternative technique to analyze percent alcohol in alcoholic products.
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