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Abstract
Assessment of water and soil quality is critical for the health, economy, and sustainability of any community. The release of a range of life-threatening pollutants from agriculture, industries, and the residential communities themselves into the different water resources and soil requires of analytical methods intended for their detection. Given the challenge that represents coping with the monitoring of such a diverse and large number of compounds (with over 100,000 chemicals registered, yet in continuous increase), holistic solutions such as electronic tongues (ETs) are emerging as a promising tool for a sustainable, simple, and green monitoring of soil and water resources. In this direction, this review aims to present and critically provide an overview of the basic concepts of ETs, followed by some relevant applications recently reported in the literature in environmental analysis, more specifically, the monitoring of water and wastewater, their quality and the detection of water pollutants as well as soil analysis.
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González-Calabuig A, Cetó X, Del Valle M. A Voltammetric Electronic Tongue for the Resolution of Ternary Nitrophenol Mixtures. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18010216. [PMID: 29342848 PMCID: PMC5795887 DOI: 10.3390/s18010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the applicability of a voltammetric sensor array able to quantify the content of 2,4-dinitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, and picric acid in artificial samples using the electronic tongue (ET) principles. The ET is based on cyclic voltammetry signals, obtained from an array of metal disk electrodes and a graphite epoxy composite electrode, compressed using discrete wavelet transform with chemometric tools such as artificial neural networks (ANNs). ANNs were employed to build the quantitative prediction model. In this manner, a set of standards based on a full factorial design, ranging from 0 to 300 mg·L-1, was prepared to build the model; afterward, the model was validated with a completely independent set of standards. The model successfully predicted the concentration of the three considered phenols with a normalized root mean square error of 0.030 and 0.076 for the training and test subsets, respectively, and r ≥ 0.948.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreu González-Calabuig
- Sensors and Biosensors Group, Department of Chemistry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Cn, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Xavier Cetó
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, SA 5095 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Manel Del Valle
- Sensors and Biosensors Group, Department of Chemistry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Cn, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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3
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del Valle M. Bioelectronic Tongues Employing Electrochemical Biosensors. TRENDS IN BIOELECTROANALYSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/11663_2016_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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4
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Ziyatdinova G, Saveliev A, Evtugyn G, Budnikov H. Simultaneous voltammetric determination of phenolic antioxidants with chemometric approaches. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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5
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Gutiérrez-Capitán M, Ipatov A, Merlos Á, Jiménez-Jorquera C, Fernández-Sánchez C. Compact Electrochemical Flow System for the Analysis of Environmental Pollutants. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201300473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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7
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Classification of Green and Black Teas by PCA and SVM Analysis of Cyclic Voltammetric Signals from Metallic Oxide-Modified Electrode. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-013-9649-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Wilson AD. Diverse applications of electronic-nose technologies in agriculture and forestry. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2013; 13:2295-348. [PMID: 23396191 PMCID: PMC3649433 DOI: 10.3390/s130202295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Electronic-nose (e-nose) instruments, derived from numerous types of aroma-sensor technologies, have been developed for a diversity of applications in the broad fields of agriculture and forestry. Recent advances in e-nose technologies within the plant sciences, including improvements in gas-sensor designs, innovations in data analysis and pattern-recognition algorithms, and progress in material science and systems integration methods, have led to significant benefits to both industries. Electronic noses have been used in a variety of commercial agricultural-related industries, including the agricultural sectors of agronomy, biochemical processing, botany, cell culture, plant cultivar selections, environmental monitoring, horticulture, pesticide detection, plant physiology and pathology. Applications in forestry include uses in chemotaxonomy, log tracking, wood and paper processing, forest management, forest health protection, and waste management. These aroma-detection applications have improved plant-based product attributes, quality, uniformity, and consistency in ways that have increased the efficiency and effectiveness of production and manufacturing processes. This paper provides a comprehensive review and summary of a broad range of electronic-nose technologies and applications, developed specifically for the agriculture and forestry industries over the past thirty years, which have offered solutions that have greatly improved worldwide agricultural and agroforestry production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alphus D Wilson
- USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research, Southern Hardwoods Laboratory, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA.
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9
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Cetó X, Céspedes F, del Valle M. BioElectronic Tongue for the quantification of total polyphenol content in wine. Talanta 2012; 99:544-51. [PMID: 22967592 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the application of a BioElectronic Tongue (BioET) in the estimation of polyphenol content in wine. The approach used an array of enzyme biosensors capable of giving a wide and complete response of the analyzed species, plus a chemometric processing tool able to interpret the chemical signals and extract meaningful data from the complex readings. In our case, the proposed BioET was formed by an array of four voltammetric enzymatic biosensors based on epoxy-graphite composites, one blank electrode and the other three bulk-modified with tyrosinase and laccase on one side, and copper nanoparticles on the other; these modifiers were used in order to incorporate differentiated or catalytic response to different polyphenols present in wine and aimed to the determination of its total polyphenol content value. The obtained voltammetric responses were pre-processed employing the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT); this was used to compress the relevant information whereas the obtained coefficients fed an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model that accomplished the quantification of total polyphenol content. For comparison purposes, obtained polyphenol content was compared against the one assessed by two different reference methods: Folin-Ciocalteu and UV polyphenol index (I(280)); good prediction ability was attained with correlation coefficients higher than 0.949 when comparing against reference methods. Qualitative discrimination of individual polyphenols found in wine was also assessed by means of Principal Component Analysis which allowed the discrimination of the individual polyphenols under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Cetó
- Department of Chemistry, Sensors and Biosensors Group, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Cn, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Abstract
This paper describes recent work performed with electronic tongue systems utilizing electrochemical sensors. The electronic tongues concept is a new trend in sensors that uses arrays of sensors together with chemometric tools to unravel the complex information generated. Initial contributions and also the most used variant employ conventional ion selective electrodes, in which it is named potentiometric electronic tongue. The second important variant is the one that employs voltammetry for its operation. As chemometric processing tool, the use of artificial neural networks as the preferred data processing variant will be described. The use of the sensor arrays inserted in flow injection or sequential injection systems will exemplify attempts made to automate the operation of electronic tongues. Significant use of biosensors, mainly enzyme-based, to form what is already named bioelectronic tongue will be also presented. Application examples will be illustrated with selected study cases from the Sensors and Biosensors Group at the Autonomous University of Barcelona.
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12
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Cetó X, Céspedes F, Pividori MI, Gutiérrez JM, del Valle M. Resolution of phenolic antioxidant mixtures employing a voltammetric bio-electronic tongue. Analyst 2011; 137:349-56. [PMID: 22102984 DOI: 10.1039/c1an15456g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the application of a Bio-Electronic Tongue (BioET) system made from an array of enzymatic biosensors in the analysis of polyphenols, focusing on major polyphenols found in wine. For this, the biosensor array was formed by a set of epoxy-graphite biosensors, bulk-modified with different redox enzymes (tyrosinase and laccase) and copper nanoparticles, aimed at the simultaneous determination of the different polyphenols. Departure information was the set of voltammograms generated with the biosensor array, selecting some characteristic features in order to reduce the data for the Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Finally, after the ANN model optimization, it was used for the resolution and quantification of each compound. Catechol, caffeic acid and catechin formed the three-analyte case study resolved in this work. Good prediction ability was attained, therefore allowing the separate quantification of the three phenols with predicted vs. expected slope better than 0.970 for the external test set (n = 10). Finally, BioET has been also tested with spiked wine samples with good recovery yields (values of 104%, 117% and 122% for catechol, caffeic acid and catechin, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Cetó
- Sensors and Biosensors Group, Department of Chemistry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Cn, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Rounaghi G, Mohammad Zadeh Kakhki R, Heidari T. Artificial Neural Networks Applied for Simultaneous Analysis of Mixtures of Nitrophenols by Conductometric Acid–Base Titration. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie200900z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gholamhossein Rounaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Tahereh Heidari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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14
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Arrieta ÁA, Rodríguez-Méndez ML, de Saja JA, Blanco CA, Nimubona D. Prediction of bitterness and alcoholic strength in beer using an electronic tongue. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Vlasov YG, Ermolenko YE, Legin AV, Rudnitskaya AM, Kolodnikov VV. Chemical sensors and their systems. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934810090029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Abstract
This minireview describes the main developments of electronic tongues (e-tongues) and taste sensors in recent years, with a summary of the principles of detection and materials used in the sensing units. E-tongues are sensor arrays capable of distinguishing very similar liquids employing the concept of global selectivity, where the difference in the electrical response of different materials serves as a fingerprint for the analysed sample. They have been widely used for the analysis of wines, fruit juices, coffee, milk and beverages, in addition to the detection of trace amounts of impurities or pollutants in waters. Among the various principles of detection, electrochemical measurements and impedance spectroscopy are the most prominent. With regard to the materials for the sensing units, in most cases use is made of ultrathin films produced in a layer-by-layer fashion to yield higher sensitivity with the advantage of control of the film molecular architecture. The concept of e-tongues has been extended to biosensing by using sensing units capable of molecular recognition, as in films with immobilized antigens or enzymes with specific recognition for clinical diagnosis. Because the identification of samples is basically a classification task, there has been a trend to use artificial intelligence and information visualization methods to enhance the performance of e-tongues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Riul
- UFScar, campus Sorocaba, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
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18
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Plata MR, Contento AM, Ríos A. State-of-the-art of (bio)chemical sensor developments in analytical Spanish groups. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2010; 10:2511-76. [PMID: 22319260 PMCID: PMC3274191 DOI: 10.3390/s100402511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2009] [Revised: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(Bio)chemical sensors are one of the most exciting fields in analytical chemistry today. The development of these analytical devices simplifies and miniaturizes the whole analytical process. Although the initial expectation of the massive incorporation of sensors in routine analytical work has been truncated to some extent, in many other cases analytical methods based on sensor technology have solved important analytical problems. Many research groups are working in this field world-wide, reporting interesting results so far. Modestly, Spanish researchers have contributed to these recent developments. In this review, we summarize the more representative achievements carried out for these groups. They cover a wide variety of sensors, including optical, electrochemical, piezoelectric or electro-mechanical devices, used for laboratory or field analyses. The capabilities to be used in different applied areas are also critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Reyes Plata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Castilla, La Mancha, 13004, Ciudad Real, Spain; E-Mails: (M.R.P.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Ana María Contento
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Castilla, La Mancha, 13004, Ciudad Real, Spain; E-Mails: (M.R.P.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Angel Ríos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Castilla, La Mancha, 13004, Ciudad Real, Spain; E-Mails: (M.R.P.); (A.M.C.)
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19
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Resolution of Heavy Metal Mixtures from Highly Overlapped ASV Voltammograms Employing a Wavelet Neural Network. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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20
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Vlasov YG, Legin AV, Rudnitskaya AM. Electronic tongue: Chemical sensor systems for analysis of aquatic media. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363208120335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Ibáñez A, Gutés A, Baeza M, Céspedes F. Electronic Tongue Applied to Phenolic Compounds Analysis. ANAL LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710802119483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Detection of phenolic compounds using impedance spectroscopy measurements. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2008; 32:41-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-008-0218-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2008] [Accepted: 03/28/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Catechol determination in compost bioremediation using a laccase sensor and artificial neural networks. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:679-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2049-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2008] [Revised: 02/24/2008] [Accepted: 02/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Doménech A, Doménech-Carbó M, Edwards H. Identification of Earth Pigments by Applying Hierarchical Cluster Analysis to Solid State Voltammetry. Application to Severely Damaged Frescoes. ELECTROANAL 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200703948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Cortina-Puig M, Muñoz-Berbel X, del Valle M, Muñoz FJ, Alonso-Lomillo MA. Characterization of an ion-selective polypyrrole coating and application to the joint determination of potassium, sodium and ammonium by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and partial least squares method. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 597:231-7. [PMID: 17683734 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2007] [Revised: 05/15/2007] [Accepted: 07/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A stable immobilization of ionophores (INPHs) was achieved by selectively electropolymerizing overoxidized pyrrol on the working electrode surface. The optimal conditions found allowed the immobilization of a huge amount of INPH which remained its recognition properties. A single sensing chip, containing a generic INPH or an INPH mixture, was employed to the joint quantification of potassium, ammonium and sodium in fertilizer samples. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and partial least square (PLS) regression were used to obtain and process the data, respectively. The sensing element (INPH) and the exposure time were optimized. The best results were obtained by using the dibenzo-18-crown-6 INPH after waiting for 60s, the time required to stabilize the impedimetric measurement. Taking into account that a single chip was employed, acceptable relative errors were obtained in the determination of potassium and ammonium (17% and 9%, respectively) in real fertilizer samples, also containing sodium. Although sodium concentration could not be estimated with precision, it had to be introduced into the calibration set data in order to model its interference with the other two ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Cortina-Puig
- Sensors and Biosensors Group, Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici Cn, Barcelona E-08193, Spain
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27
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Abstract
Electronic tongue systems are multisensor devices dedicated to automatic analysis of complicated composition samples and to the recognition of their characteristic properties. Recently, the number of publications covering this topic has significantly increased. Many possible architectures of such devices were proposed: potentiometric, voltammetric, as well as approaches embracing mass- and optical-sensors. For the analysis of sensor array data, various pattern recognition systems were proposed. All of these topics are summarized in this review. Moreover, additional problems are considered: miniaturization of electronic tongues and hybrid systems for liquid sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Ciosek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
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28
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Gutés A, Céspedes F, Del Valle M. Electronic tongues in flow analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 600:90-6. [PMID: 17903469 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2006] [Revised: 03/15/2007] [Accepted: 03/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This review presents the evolution of recent flow-based analytical systems, characterized by the use of arrays of sensors as a detection scheme. For the proper processing of the complex responses generated, the systems require the use of advanced chemometric treatment, in which received the term "electronic tongue". Applications employing the flow injection analysis (FIA) and sequential injection analysis (SIA) are described. Chronologically, the progresses made by different research groups are shown, emphasizing their final applications in real problem solving.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gutés
- Sensors & Biosensors Group, Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici Cn, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Doménech A, Doménech-Carbó MT, de Agredos Pascual MLV. Chemometric Study of Maya Blue from the Voltammetry of Microparticles Approach. Anal Chem 2007; 79:2812-21. [PMID: 17343364 DOI: 10.1021/ac0623686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of the voltammetry of microparticles at paraffin-impregnated graphite electrodes allows for the characterization of different types of Maya Blue (MB) used in wall paintings from different archaeological sites of Campeche and YucatAn (Mexico). Using voltammetric signals for electron-transfer processes involving palygorskite-associated indigo and quinone functionalities generated by scratching the graphite surface, voltammograms provide information on the composition and texture of MB samples. Application of hierarchical cluster analysis and other chemometric methods allows us to characterize samples from different archaeological sites and to distinguish between samples proceeding from different chronological periods. Comparison between microscopic, spectroscopic, and electrochemical examination of genuine MB samples and synthetic specimens indicated that the preparation procedure of the pigment evolved in time via successive steps anticipating modern synthetic procedures, namely, hybrid organic-inorganic synthesis, temperature control of chemical reactivity, and template-like synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Doménech
- Departament de Química Analítica, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain.
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Tang L, Zeng GM, Shen GL, Zhang Y, Huang GH, Li JB. Simultaneous amperometric determination of lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase activities in compost bioremediation using artificial neural networks. Anal Chim Acta 2006; 579:109-16. [PMID: 17723735 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2006] [Revised: 07/03/2006] [Accepted: 07/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The activities of lignin-degrading peroxidases are the primary decomposition indexes in compost bioremediation. In this paper, artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been combined with an enzyme sensor for simultaneous determination of lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP) activities secreted by Phanerochaete chrysosporium in composting of municipal solid waste. The LiP and MnP activities were detected through catalytic redox of H2O2, hydroquinone and veratryl alcohol as substrates by an amperometric sensor immersed in the culture filtrate solution. Due to the dynamic, nonlinear and uncertain characteristics of the complex composting system, ANNs have been used as a chemometric tool for overlapping signal deconvolution and modelling to quantify the two enzyme activities separately. Feedforward backpropagation network was used for the training process. The effects of the transfer functions, the amount of current values, the number of hidden neurons and the optimization algorithm were investigated. The LiP activities in the filtrate varied from 8.14 to 29.79 U L(-1), and from 0.36 to 1.37 U L(-1) for MnP activities. A good prediction capability was obtained, with correlation coefficients of 0.9936 for LiP activity and 0.9976 for MnP activity between the expected and predicted values of the external test samples. The performance of the ANN model was compared with the linear regression model in respect to simulation accuracy, adaptability to uncertainty, etc. All the results show that the combination of amperometric enzyme sensor and artificial neural networks is a rapid, sensitive and robust method in the quantitative study of composting system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
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Gutés A, Ibáñez A, del Valle M, Céspedes F. Automated SIA e-Tongue Employing a Voltammetric Biosensor Array for the Simultaneous Determination of Glucose and Ascorbic Acid. ELECTROANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200503378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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