1
|
Zhou J, Yang W, Zhou Q, Yin Y, Chen S, Mu J. Simultaneous 2D temperature and velocity measurement using a one-color-camera PLIF method combined with a physically constrained temperature tagging method. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:8204-8211. [PMID: 36256132 DOI: 10.1364/ao.470581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A time-resolved two-color laser induced fluorescence method is proposed for simultaneous 2D temperature and velocity measurements for complex multi-phase flow. A temperature sensitive dye molecule is used for temperature and velocity tagging at the same time. To effectively eliminate the temperature deviation due to image misalignment, which is commonly seen at the multi-phase boundary, a one-color-camera system is proposed that can decrease the temperature deviation from 30°C-50°C to <10∘C near the two-phase flow boundary with a high contrast ratio (0.41-0.43). Considering the strong influence of the thermal diffusion and convection processes to photo luminescence images' intensities, which can lead to significant velocity calculation deviation, a physically constrained temperature tagging method is introduced. Through both a theoretical model and measurement results, the relative velocity deviation can be decreased from 77.6% to <10% by this method. This work can effectively improve the temperature and velocity measurement accuracy of a temperature sensitive particle/molecule tagging method in multi-phase flow with strong coupling of temperature and velocity.
Collapse
|
2
|
Koren K, Zieger SE. Optode Based Chemical Imaging-Possibilities, Challenges, and New Avenues in Multidimensional Optical Sensing. ACS Sens 2021; 6:1671-1680. [PMID: 33905234 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Seeing is believing, as the saying goes, and optical sensors (so-called optodes) are tools that can make chemistry visible. Optodes react reversibly and quickly (seconds to minutes) to changing analyte concentrations, enabling the spatial and temporal visualization of an analyte in complex environments. By being available as planar sensor foils or in the form of nano- or microparticles, optodes are flexible tools suitable for a wide array of applications. The steadily grown applications of in particular oxygen (O2) and pH optodes in fields as diverse as medical, environmental, or material sciences is proof for the large demand of optode based chemical imaging. Nevertheless, the full potential of this technology is not exhausted yet, challenges have to be overcome, and new avenues wait to be taken. Within this Perspective, we look at where the field currently stands, highlight several successful examples of optode based chemical imaging and ask what it will take to advance current state-of-the-art technology. It is our intention to point toward some potential blind spots and to inspire further developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Koren
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Silvia E. Zieger
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ziniuk R, Yakovliev A, Li H, Chen G, Qu J, Ohulchanskyy TY. Real-Time Imaging of Short-Wave Infrared Luminescence Lifetimes for Anti-counterfeiting Applications. Front Chem 2021; 9:659553. [PMID: 33981673 PMCID: PMC8107396 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.659553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare-earth doped nanoparticles (RENPs) have been widely used for anti-counterfeiting and security applications due to their light frequency conversion features: they are excited at one wavelength, and they display spectrally narrow and distinguished luminescence peaks either at shorter wavelengths (i.e., frequency/energy upconversion) or at longer wavelengths (frequency/energy downconversion). RENPs with a downconversion (DC) photoluminescence (PL) in short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectral range (~1,000–1,700 nm) have recently been introduced to anti-counterfeiting applications, allowing for multilevel protection based on PL imaging through opaque layers, due to a lesser scattering of SWIR PL emission. However, as the number and spectral positions of the discrete PL bands exhibited by rare-earth ions are well-known, it is feasible to replicate luminescence spectra from RENPs, which results in a limited anti-counterfeiting security. Alternatively, lifetime of PL from RENPs can be used for encoding, as it can be finely tuned in broad temporal range (i.e., from microseconds to milliseconds) by varying type of dopants and their content in RENPs, along with the nanoparticle morphology and size. Nevertheless, the current approach to decoding and imaging the RENP luminescence lifetimes requires multiple steps and is highly time-consuming, precluding practical applications of PL lifetime encoding for anti-counterfeiting. Herein, we report the use of a rapid lifetime determination (RLD) technique to overcome this issue and introduce real-time imaging of SWIR PL lifetime for anti-counterfeiting applications. NaYF4:20% Yb, x% Er (x = 0, 2, 20, 80)@NaYF4 core@shell RENPs were synthesized and characterized, revealing DC PL in SWIR region, with maximum at ~1,530 nm and PL lifetimes ranging from 3.2 to 6 ms. Imaging of the nanoparticles with different lifetimes was performed by the developed time-gated imaging system engaging RLD method and the precise manipulation of the delay between the excitation pulses and camera gating windows. Moreover, it is shown that imaging and decrypting can be performed at a high rate (3–4 fps) in a cyclic manner, thus allowing for real-time temporal decoding. We believe that the demonstrated RLD-based fast PL lifetime imaging approach can be employed in other applications of photoluminescent RENPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Ziniuk
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, Center for Biomedical Photonics and College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Artem Yakovliev
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, Center for Biomedical Photonics and College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Guanying Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, Center for Biomedical Photonics and College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tymish Y Ohulchanskyy
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, Center for Biomedical Photonics and College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zieger SE, Mosshammer M, Kühl M, Koren K. Hyperspectral Luminescence Imaging in Combination with Signal Deconvolution Enables Reliable Multi-Indicator-Based Chemical Sensing. ACS Sens 2021; 6:183-191. [PMID: 33337140 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although real-time monitoring of individual analytes using reversible optical chemical sensors (optodes) is well established, it remains a challenge in optical sensing to monitor multiple analyte concentrations simultaneously. Here, we present a novel sensing approach using hyperspectral imaging in combination with signal deconvolution of overlapping emission spectra of multiple luminescent indicator dyes, which facilitates multi-indicator-based chemical imaging. The deconvolution algorithm uses a linear combination model to describe the superimposed sensor signals and employs a sequential least-squares fit to determine the percent contribution of the individual indicator dyes to the total measured signal. As a proof of concept, we used the algorithm to analyze the measured response of an O2 sensor composed of red-emitting Pd(II)/Pt(II) porphyrins and NIR-emitting Pd(II)/Pt(II) benzoporphyrins with different sensitivities. This facilitated chemical imaging of O2 over a wide dynamic range (0-950 hPa) with a hyperspectral camera system (470-900 nm). The applicability of the novel method was demonstrated by imaging the O2 distribution in the heterogeneous microenvironment around the roots of the aquatic plant Littorella uniflora. The presented approach of combining hyperspectral sensing with signal deconvolution is flexible and can easily be adapted for use of various multi-indicator- or even multianalyte-based optical sensors with different spectral characteristics, enabling high-resolution simultaneous imaging of multiple analytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia E. Zieger
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology (WATEC), Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Maria Mosshammer
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 3000 Helsingør, Denmark
| | - Michael Kühl
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 3000 Helsingør, Denmark
| | - Klaus Koren
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology (WATEC), Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou J, Yang W, Yin Y, Chen S, Yan B, Mu J, Qi X. Nonlinear temperature calibration equation for Rhodamine B in different solutions for wide-temperature-range applications. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:1514-1518. [PMID: 30874040 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.001514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the two-color laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) ratio thermometry approach, accurate temperature calibration is the key for quantitative temperature measurement, especially in wide-temperature-range applications. In this work, the temperature behavior of Rhodamine B in two common solutions (aqueous and ethanol) in a wide temperature range (-30°C-90°C) is studied by spectroscopy methods. According to the spectral and two-color LIF ratio results, a nonlinear fitting method based on Arrhenius equation is presented for a calibration equation. Compared with the traditional linear fitting model, improved accuracy at a temperature of 2°C-3°C can be achieved even at low sensitivity. Considering the nonlinear temperature behavior of Rhodamine B, this method can achieve a higher temperature sensitivity at a lower temperature, further demonstrating the feasibility of this method for low-temperature applications.
Collapse
|
6
|
Hewitt SH, Butler SJ. Application of lanthanide luminescence in probing enzyme activity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:6635-6647. [PMID: 29790500 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02824a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes play critical roles in the regulation of cellular function and are implicated in numerous disease conditions. Reliable and practicable assays are required to study enzyme activity, to facilitate the discovery of inhibitors and activators of enzymes related to disease. In recent years, a variety of enzyme assays have been devised that utilise luminescent lanthanide(iii) complexes, taking advantage of their high detection sensitivities, long luminescence lifetimes, and line-like emission spectra that permit ratiometric and time-resolved analyses. In this Feature article, we focus on recent progress in the development of enzyme activity assays based on lanthanide(iii) luminescence, covering a variety of strategies including Ln(iii)-labelled antibodies and proteins, Ln(iii) ion encapsulation within defined peptide sequences, reactivity-based Ln(iii) probes, and discrete Ln(iii) complexes. Emerging approaches for monitoring enzyme activity are discussed, including the use of anion responsive lanthanide(iii) complexes, capable of molecular recognition and luminescence signalling of polyphosphate anions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H Hewitt
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ahadian S, Civitarese R, Bannerman D, Mohammadi MH, Lu R, Wang E, Davenport-Huyer L, Lai B, Zhang B, Zhao Y, Mandla S, Korolj A, Radisic M. Organ-On-A-Chip Platforms: A Convergence of Advanced Materials, Cells, and Microscale Technologies. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7. [PMID: 29034591 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Significant advances in biomaterials, stem cell biology, and microscale technologies have enabled the fabrication of biologically relevant tissues and organs. Such tissues and organs, referred to as organ-on-a-chip (OOC) platforms, have emerged as a powerful tool in tissue analysis and disease modeling for biological and pharmacological applications. A variety of biomaterials are used in tissue fabrication providing multiple biological, structural, and mechanical cues in the regulation of cell behavior and tissue morphogenesis. Cells derived from humans enable the fabrication of personalized OOC platforms. Microscale technologies are specifically helpful in providing physiological microenvironments for tissues and organs. In this review, biomaterials, cells, and microscale technologies are described as essential components to construct OOC platforms. The latest developments in OOC platforms (e.g., liver, skeletal muscle, cardiac, cancer, lung, skin, bone, and brain) are then discussed as functional tools in simulating human physiology and metabolism. Future perspectives and major challenges in the development of OOC platforms toward accelerating clinical studies of drug discovery are finally highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samad Ahadian
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
| | - Robert Civitarese
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
| | - Dawn Bannerman
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
| | - Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
| | - Rick Lu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
| | - Erika Wang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
| | - Locke Davenport-Huyer
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
| | - Ben Lai
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
| | - Boyang Zhang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
| | - Yimu Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
| | - Serena Mandla
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
| | - Anastasia Korolj
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 3G9 Ontario Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wisniewski NA, Nichols SP, Gamsey SJ, Pullins S, Au-Yeung KY, Klitzman B, Helton KL. Tissue-Integrating Oxygen Sensors: Continuous Tracking of Tissue Hypoxia. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 977:377-383. [PMID: 28685468 PMCID: PMC5657483 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55231-6_49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We describe a simple method of tracking oxygen in real-time with injectable, tissue-integrating microsensors. The sensors are small (500 μm × 500 μm × 5 mm), soft, flexible, tissue-like, biocompatible hydrogel s that have been shown to overcome the foreign body response for long-term sensing. The sensors are engineered to change luminescence in the presence of oxygen or other analytes and function for months to years in the body. A single injection followed by non-invasive monitoring with a hand-held or wearable Bluetooth optical reader enables intermittent or continuous measurements. Proof of concept for applications in high altitude, exercise physiology, vascular disease, stroke, tumors, and other disease states have been shown in mouse, rat and porcine models. Over 90 sensors have been studied to date in humans. These novel tissue-integrating sensors yield real-time insights in tissue oxygen fluctuations for research and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott P Nichols
- Profusa, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
- Plastic Surgery Lab, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
González-Béjar M, Pérez-Prieto J. Upconversion luminescent nanoparticles in physical sensing and in monitoring physical processes in biological samples. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2015; 3:042002. [DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/3/4/042002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
10
|
Oxygen sensor nanoparticles for monitoring bacterial growth and characterization of dose–response functions in microfluidic screenings. Mikrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-014-1341-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
11
|
Collier BB, McShane MJ. Temperature Compensation of Oxygen Sensing Films Utilizing a Dynamic Dual Lifetime Calculation Technique. IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2014; 14:2755-2764. [PMID: 26566384 PMCID: PMC4640693 DOI: 10.1109/jsen.2014.2311327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
With advances to chemical sensing, methods for compensation of errors introduced by interfering analytes are needed. In this work, a dual lifetime calculation technique was developed to enable simultaneous monitoring of two luminescence decays. Utilizing a windowed time-domain luminescence approach, the response of two luminophores is separated temporally. The ability of the dual dynamic rapid lifetime determination (DDRLD) approach to determine the response of two luminophores simultaneously was investigated through mathematical modeling and experimental testing. Modeling results indicated that lifetime predictions will be most accurate when the ratio of the lifetimes from each luminophore is at least three and the ratio of intensities is near unity. In vitro experiments were performed using a porphyrin that is sensitive to both oxygen and temperature, combined with a temperature-sensitive inorganic phosphor used for compensation of the porphyrin response. In static experiments, the dual measurements were found to be highly accurate when compared to single-luminophore measurements-statistically equivalent for the long lifetime emission and an average difference of 2% for the short lifetimes. Real-time testing with dynamic windowing was successful in demonstrating dual lifetime measurements and temperature compensation of the oxygen sensitive dye. When comparing the actual oxygen and temperature values with predictions made using a dual calibration approach, an overall difference of less than 1% was obtained. Thus, this method enables rapid, accurate extraction of multiple lifetimes without requiring computationally intense curve fitting, providing a significant advancement toward multi-analyte sensing and imaging techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley B Collier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering at Texas A&M University and is currently working as a Postdoctoral Scholar at the University of California, Davis in Sacramento, CA ( )
| | - Michael J McShane
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science & Engineering at Texas A&M University in College Station, TX ( )
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kivirand K, Floren A, Kagan M, Avarmaa T, Rinken T, Jaaniso R. Analyzing the biosensor signal in flows: studies with glucose optrodes. Talanta 2014; 131:74-80. [PMID: 25281075 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Responses of enzymatic bio-optrodes in flow regime were studied and an original model was proposed with the aim of establishing a reliable method for a quick determination of biosensor signal parameters, applicable for biosensor calibration. A dual-optrode glucose biosensor, comprising of a glucose bio-optrode and a reference oxygen optrode, both placed into identical flow channels, was developed and used as a model system. The signal parameters of this biosensor at different substrate concentrations were not dependent on the speed of the probe flow and could be determined from the initial part of the biosensor transient phase signal, providing a valuable tool for rapid analysis. In addition, the model helped to design the biosensor system with reduced impact of enzyme inactivation to the system stability (20% decrease of the enzyme activity lead to only a 1% decrease of the slope of the calibration curve) and hence significantly prolong the effective lifetime of bio-optrodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Kivirand
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - A Floren
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Ravila 14c, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - M Kagan
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - T Avarmaa
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Ravila 14c, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - T Rinken
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - R Jaaniso
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Ravila 14c, Tartu 50411, Estonia.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang XD, Wolfbeis OS. Optical methods for sensing and imaging oxygen: materials, spectroscopies and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:3666-761. [PMID: 24638858 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00039k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 557] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We review the current state of optical methods for sensing oxygen. These have become powerful alternatives to electrochemical detection and in the process of replacing the Clark electrode in many fields. The article (with 694 references) is divided into main sections on direct spectroscopic sensing of oxygen, on absorptiometric and luminescent probes, on polymeric matrices and supports, on additives and related materials, on spectroscopic schemes for read-out and imaging, and on sensing formats (such as waveguide sensing, sensor arrays, multiple sensors and nanosensors). We finally discuss future trends and applications and summarize the properties of the most often used indicator probes and polymers. The ESI† (with 385 references) gives a selection of specific applications of such sensors in medicine, biology, marine and geosciences, intracellular sensing, aerodynamics, industry and biotechnology, among others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-dong Wang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu H, Yang H, Hao X, Xu H, Lv Y, Xiao D, Wang H, Tian Z. Development of polymeric nanoprobes with improved lifetime dynamic range and stability for intracellular oxygen sensing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:2639-48. [PMID: 23519925 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201203127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A class of core-shell nanoparticles possessing a layer of biocompatible shell and hydrophobic core with embedded oxygen-sensitive platinum-porphyrin (PtTFPP) dyes is developed via a radical-initiated microemulsion co-polymerization strategy. The influences of host matrices and the PtTFPP incorporation manner on the photophysical properties and the oxygen-sensing performance of the nanoparticles are investigated. Self-loading capability with cells and intracellular-oxygen-sensing ability of the as-prepared nanoparticle probes in the range 0%-20% oxygen concentration are confirmed. Polymeric nanoparticles with optimized formats are characterized by their relatively small diameter (<50 nm), core-shell structures with biocompatible shells, covalent-attachment-imparted leak-free construction, improved lifetime dynamic range (up to 44 μs), excellent storage stability and photostability, and facile cell uptake. The nanoparticles' small sensor diameter and core-shell structure with biocompatible shell make them suitable for intracellular detection applications. For intracellular detection applications, the leak-free feature of the as-prepared nanoparticle sensor effectively minimizes potential chemical interferences and cytotoxicity. As a salient feature, improved lifetime dynamic range of the sensor is expected to enable precise oxygen detection and control in specific practical applications in stem-cell biology and medical research. Such a feature-packed nanoparticle oxygen sensor may find applications in precise oxygen-level mapping of living cells and tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences-UCAS, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Singh
- DWI an der RWTH Aachen e.V. Functional and Interactive Polymers and Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University; 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Martin Möller
- DWI an der RWTH Aachen e.V. Functional and Interactive Polymers and Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University; 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI an der RWTH Aachen e.V. Functional and Interactive Polymers and Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University; 52056 Aachen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Sedlmeier A, Achatz DE, Fischer LH, Gorris HH, Wolfbeis OS. Photon upconverting nanoparticles for luminescent sensing of temperature. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:7090-7096. [PMID: 23070055 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr32314a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Photon upconverting nanoparticles convert near-infrared into visible light (anti-Stokes emission), which strongly reduces the background of autofluorescence and light scattering in biological materials. Hexagonal NaYF(4) nanocrystals doped with Yb(3+) as the sensitizer and Er(3+)/Ho(3+)/Tm(3+) as the activator display at least two emission lines that respond differently to temperature changes. The ratio of the main emission line intensities enables a self-referenced optical readout of the temperature in the physiologically relevant range from 20 to 45 °C. Upconverting nanoparticles of the type NaYF(4):Yb, Er covered by an inactive shell of NaYF(4) are bright and allow for resolving temperature differences of less than 0.5 °C in the physiological range. The optical readout of this nanoparticle-based thermometer offers many options for imaging the two-dimensional distribution of temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Sedlmeier
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- & Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Singh S, Blöhbaum J, Möller M, Pich A. Biohybrid nanogels by crosslinking of ovalbumin with reactive star-PEGs in W/O emulsions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
19
|
Collier BB, McShane MJ. Dynamic Windowing Algorithm for the Fast and Accurate Determination of Luminescence Lifetimes. Anal Chem 2012; 84:4725-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ac300023q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
20
|
|
21
|
Schäferling M. The Art of Fluorescence Imaging with Chemical Sensors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:3532-54. [PMID: 22422626 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201105459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 544] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schäferling
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gubala V, Lynam CCN, Nooney R, Hearty S, McDonnell B, Heydon K, O'Kennedy R, MacCraith BD, Williams DE. Kinetics of immunoassays with particles as labels: effect of antibody coupling using dendrimers as linkers. Analyst 2011; 136:2533-41. [PMID: 21541412 DOI: 10.1039/c1an15017k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we report on poly(amidoamine) dendrimers (PAMAM) as coupling agents for recombinant single-chain (ScFv) antibodies to nanoparticle (NP) labels, for use in immunoassay. We present a simple theory for the kinetics of particle capture onto a surface by means of an antibody-antigen reaction, in which the important parameter is the fraction of the particle surface that is active for reaction. We describe how increasing the generation number of the linking dendrimers significantly increased the fraction of the NP surface that is active for antigen binding and consequently also increased the assay kinetic rates. Use of dendrimers for conjugation of the NP to the antibody resulted in a significantly higher surface coverage of active antibody, in comparison with mono-valent linker chemistry. As a direct consequence, the increase in effective avidity significantly out-weighed any effect of a decreased diffusion coefficient due to the NP, when compared to that of a molecular dye-labelled antibody. The signal to noise ratio of the G4.5 dendrimer-sensitised nanoparticles out-performed the dye-labelled antibody by approximately four-fold. Particle aggregation experiments with the multi-valent antigen CRP demonstrated reaction-limited aggregation whose rate increased significantly with increasing generation number of the dendrimer linker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Gubala
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Fischer LH, Harms GS, Wolfbeis OS. Upconverting nanoparticles for nanoscale thermometry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:4546-51. [PMID: 21495125 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201006835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 512] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Upconverting materials are capable of absorbing near-infrared light and converting it into short-wavelength luminescence. The efficiency of this remarkable effect is highly temperature dependent and thus can be used for temperature determination (thermometry) on a nanometer scale. All the upconverting materials discovered so far display several (mainly two) narrow emission bands, each of which has its own temperature dependence. The ratio of the intensity of two of these bands provides a referenced signal for optical sensing of temperature, for example inside cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz H Fischer
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Chemo- und Biosensorik, Universität Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fischer LH, Harms GS, Wolfbeis OS. Aufkonvertierende lumineszierende Nanopartikel als Nanothermometer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201006835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
25
|
Abbasi AZ, Amin F, Niebling T, Friede S, Ochs M, Carregal-Romero S, Montenegro JM, Rivera Gil P, Heimbrodt W, Parak WJ. How colloidal nanoparticles could facilitate multiplexed measurements of different analytes with analyte-sensitive organic fluorophores. ACS NANO 2011; 5:21-25. [PMID: 21261307 DOI: 10.1021/nn1034026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Multiplexed measurements of several analytes in parallel using analyte-sensitive organic fluorophores can be hampered by spectral overlap of the different fluorophores. The authors discuss how nanoparticles can help to overcome this problem. First, different organic fluorophores can be separated spatially by confining them to separate containers, each bearing a nanoparticle-based barcode. Second, by coupling different fluorophores to nanoparticles with different fluorescence lifetimes that serve as donors for excitation transfer, the effective fluorescence lifetime of the organic fluorophores as acceptors can be tuned by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Thus, the fluorophores can be distinguished by their effective lifetimes. This is an example of how the modification of classical functional materials has already yielded improved and even new functionalities by the integration of nanoparticles with hybrid materials. We outline future opportunities in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azhar Zahoor Abbasi
- Fachbereich Physik and WZMW, Philipps Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Wu W, Zhou S. Hybrid micro-/nanogels for optical sensing and intracellular imaging. NANO REVIEWS 2010; 1:NANO-1-5730. [PMID: 22110866 PMCID: PMC3215222 DOI: 10.3402/nano.v1i0.5730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2010] [Revised: 11/14/2010] [Accepted: 11/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid micro-/nanogels are playing an increasing important part in a diverse range of applications, due to their tunable dimensions, large surface area, stable interior network structure, and a very short response time. We review recent advances and challenges in the developments of hybrid micro-/nanogels toward applications for optical sensing of pH, temperature, glucose, ions, and other species as well as for intracellular imaging. Due to their unique advantages, hybrid micro-/nanogels as optical probes are attracting substantial interests for continuous monitoring of chemical parameters in complex samples such as blood and bioreactor fluids, in chemical research and industry, and in food quality control. In particular, their intracellular probing ability enables the monitoring of the biochemistry and biophysics of live cells over time and space, thus contributing to the explanation of intricate biological processes and the development of novel diagnoses. Unlike most other probes, hybrid micro-/nanogels could also combine other multiple functions into a single probe. The rational design of hybrid micro-/nanogels will not only improve the probing applications as desirable, but also implement their applications in new arenas. With ongoing rapid advances in bionanotechnology, the well-designed hybrid micro-/nanogel probes will be able to provide simultaneous sensing, imaging diagnosis, and therapy toward clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weitai Wu
- Department of Chemistry of The College of Staten Island, and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Stich MIJ, Fischer LH, Wolfbeis OS. Multiple fluorescent chemical sensing and imaging. Chem Soc Rev 2010; 39:3102-14. [PMID: 20571676 DOI: 10.1039/b909635n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Optical sensors, unlike most others, enable multiple sensing of (bio)chemical species by making use of probes whose signals can be differentiated by spectral and/or temporal resolution. Multiple sensors are of substantial interest for continuous monitoring of chemical parameters in complex samples such as blood, bioreactor fluids, in the chemical industry, aerodynamic research, and when monitoring food quality control, to mention typical examples. Moreover, such sensors enable non-invasive, non-toxic and online detection. We discuss in this critical review the state of the art in terms of spectroscopic principles, materials (mainly indicator probes and polymers), and give selected examples for dual and triple sensors along with a look into the future (109 references).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias I J Stich
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Powe AM, Das S, Lowry M, El-Zahab B, Fakayode SO, Geng ML, Baker GA, Wang L, McCarroll ME, Patonay G, Li M, Aljarrah M, Neal S, Warner IM. Molecular Fluorescence, Phosphorescence, and Chemiluminescence Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2010; 82:4865-94. [DOI: 10.1021/ac101131p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleeta M. Powe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department
| | - Susmita Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department
| | - Mark Lowry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department
| | - Bilal El-Zahab
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department
| | - Sayo O. Fakayode
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department
| | - Maxwell L. Geng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department
| | - Gary A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department
| | - Matthew E. McCarroll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department
| | - Gabor Patonay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department
| | - Min Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department
| | - Mohannad Aljarrah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department
| | - Sharon Neal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department
| | - Isiah M. Warner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Y. Berezin
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Ave, St. Louis, USA, Tel. 314-747-0701, 314-362-8599, fax 314-747-5191
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Ave, St. Louis, USA, Tel. 314-747-0701, 314-362-8599, fax 314-747-5191
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Claude G. Bünzli
- Laboratory of Lanthanide Supramolecular Chemistry, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), BCH 1402, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, WCU Center for Next Generation Photovoltaic Systems, Korea University, Sejong Campus, 208 Seochang, Jochiwon, Chung Nam 339-700, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Fischer LH, Borisov SM, Schaeferling M, Klimant I, Wolfbeis OS. Dual sensing of pO2 and temperature using a water-based and sprayable fluorescent paint. Analyst 2010; 135:1224-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b927255k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|