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Kim KH, Lee JE, Lee JC, Maharjan R, Oh H, Lee K, Kim NA, Jeong SH. Optimization of HPLCCAD method for simultaneous analysis of different lipids in lipid nanoparticles with analytical QbD. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1709:464375. [PMID: 37734240 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Since lipid nanoparticles (LNP) have emerged as a potent drug delivery system, the objective of this study was to develop and optimize a robust high-performance liquid chromatography with charged aerosol detectors (HPLCCAD) method to simultaneously quantify different lipids in LNPs using the analytical quality by design (AQbD) approach. After defining analytical target profile (ATP), critical method attributes (CMAs) were established as a resolution between the closely eluting lipid peaks and the total analysis time. Thus, potential high-risk method parameters were identified through the initial risk assessment. These parameters were screened using Plackett-Burman design, and three critical method parameters (CMPs)-MeOH ratio, flow rate, and column temperature-were selected for further optimization. Box-Behnken design was employed to develop the quadratic models that explain the relationship between the CMPs and CMAs and to determine the optimal operating conditions. Moreover, to ensure the robustness of the developed method, a method operable design region (MODR) was established using the Monte Carlo simulation. The MODR was identified within the probability map, where the risk of failure to achieve the desired CMAs was less than 1%. The optimized method was validated according to the ICH guidelines (linearity: R2 > 0.995, accuracy: 97.15-100.48% recovery, precision: RSD < 5%) and successfully applied for the analysis of the lipid in the LNP samples. The development of the analytical method to quantify the lipids is essential for the formulation development and quality control of LNP-based drugs since the potency of LNPs is significantly dependent on the compositions and contents of the lipids in the formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyun Kim
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Chul Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Ravi Maharjan
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsuk Oh
- Inventage Lab Inc., Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13438, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Ah Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Hoon Jeong
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
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Nai EA, Thurbide KB. A novel switchable water stationary phase for supercritical fluid chromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1278:341686. [PMID: 37709440 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
A novel pH switchable water stationary phase is presented for use in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). By adding NH4OH to the water coating and system hydration, changes in CO2 pressure and temperature allow a wide range of stationary phase pH conditions (∼3-9) to be achieved, which impact analyte retention properties. For example, 100 atm and 50 °C produces an acidic water stationary phase (pH near 4.0) where octanoic acid readily elutes while the base caffeine does not. Conversely, at 80 atm and 120 °C a basic water stationary phase (pH near 8.0) is obtained and the opposite occurs. Further, under constant pressure and temperature conditions, simply adding or removing NH4OH from the system is also found to readily allow switching between the basic and acidic water stationary phase modes and demonstrates control over ionizable analyte elution. For instance, hexanoic acid elution is near 40 times more delayed on a basic water stationary phase and, as such, it can be eluted at later points in time as desired by removing the NH4OH and switching to an acidic stationary phase. Experiments indicate that stationary phase pH switching occurs uniformly across the 15 m column length within about 18 s and that analyte retention times are very reproducible upon performing a switch (1.4% RSD; n = 3). Results demonstrate the selectivity factor between acidic and neutral analytes can be reversed and increased about 35 times, while in other trials resolution also similarly increased near 40-fold. By rapidly switching the stationary phase pH back and forth between acidic and basic modes, the selectivity between ionizable analytes could also be increased as desired. Various applications with the system show that it can vastly increase the separation between target analytes and matrix components as required by the dynamics of a particular separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel A Nai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Kevin B Thurbide
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada.
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3
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Lardeux H, Fekete S, Lauber M, D'Atri V, Guillarme D. High-Throughput Chromatographic Separation of Oligonucleotides: A Proof of Concept Using Ultra-Short Columns. Anal Chem 2023. [PMID: 37384898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Ion-pairing reversed-phase liquid chromatography (IP-RPLC) is the reference separation technique for characterizing oligonucleotides (ONs) and their related impurities. The aim of this study was to better understand the retention mechanism of ONs, evaluate the applicability of the linear solvent strength (LSS) retention model, and explore the potential of ultra-short columns having a length of only 5 mm for the separation of model ONs. First, the validity of the LSS model was evaluated for ONs having sizes comprised between 3 and 30 kDa, and the accuracy of retention time predictions was assessed. It was found that ONs in IP-RPLC conditions follow an "on-off" elution behavior, despite a molecular weight lower than that of proteins. For most linear gradient separation conditions, a column length between 5 and 35 mm was found to be appropriate. Ultra-short columns of only 5 mm were therefore explored to speed up separations by considering the impact of the instrumentation on the efficiency. Interestingly, the impacts of injection volume and post-column connection tubing on peak capacity were found to be negligible. Finally, it was demonstrated that longer columns would not improve selectivity or separation efficiency, but baseline separation of three model ONs mixtures was enabled in as little as 30 s on the 5 mm column. This proof-of-concept work paves the way for future investigations using more complex therapeutic ONs and their related impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honorine Lardeux
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSO), University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Szabolcs Fekete
- Waters Corporation, located in CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Matthew Lauber
- Waters Corporation, Milford, Massachusetts 01757, United States
| | - Valentina D'Atri
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSO), University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Davy Guillarme
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSO), University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
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4
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Šebela M. The use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry in enzyme activity assays and its position in the context of other available methods. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:1008-1031. [PMID: 34549449 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Activity assays are indispensable for studying biochemical properties of enzymes. The purposes of measuring activity are wide ranging from a simple detection of the presence of an enzyme to kinetic experiments evaluating the substrate specificity, reaction mechanisms, and susceptibility to inhibitors. Common activity assay methods include spectroscopy, electrochemical sensors, or liquid chromatography coupled with various detection techniques. This review focuses on the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) as a growing and modern alternative, which offers high speed of analysis, sensitivity, versatility, possibility of automation, and cost-effectiveness. It may reveal reaction intermediates, side products or measure more enzymes at once. The addition of an internal standard or calculating the ratios of the substrate and product peak intensities and areas overcome the inherent inhomogeneous distribution of analyte and matrix in the sample spot, which otherwise results in a poor reproducibility. Examples of the application of MALDI-TOF MS for assaying hydrolases (including peptidases and β-lactamases for antibiotic resistance tests) and other enzymes are provided. Concluding remarks summarize advantages and challenges coming from the present experience, and draw future perspectives such as a screening of large libraries of chemical compounds for their substrate or inhibitory properties towards enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Šebela
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, and CATRIN, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Contieri LS, de Souza Mesquita LM, Sanches VL, Viganó J, Kamikawachi RC, Vilegas W, Rostagno MA. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography using a fused-core particle column for fast analysis of propolis phenolic compounds. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2200440. [PMID: 36449264 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Propolis is a bee product with a complex chemical composition formed by several species from different geographical origins. The complex propolis composition requires an accurate and reproducible characterization of samples to standardize the quality of the material sold to consumers. This work developed an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector method to analyze propolis phenolic compounds based on the two key propolis biomarkers, Artepillin C and p-Coumaric acid. This choice was made due to the complexity of the sample with the presence of several compounds. The optimized method was hyphenated with mass spectrometry detection allowing the detection of 23 different compounds. A step-by-step strategy was used to optimize temperature, flow rate, mobile phase composition, and re-equilibration time. Reverse-phase separation was achieved with a C18 fused-core column packed with the commercially available smallest particles (1.3 nm). Using a fused-core column with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography allows highly efficient, sensitive, accurate, and reproducible determination of compounds extracted from propolis with an outstanding sample throughput and resolution. Optimized conditions permitted the separation of the compounds in 5.50 min with a total analysis time (sample-to-sample) of 6.50 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia S Contieri
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of applied sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M de Souza Mesquita
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of applied sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Vitor L Sanches
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of applied sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Juliane Viganó
- Centro de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Lauri Simões de Barros, Buri, Brazil
| | | | - Wagner Vilegas
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Mauricio A Rostagno
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of applied sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
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6
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Visconti G, Boccard J, Feinberg M, Rudaz S. From fundamentals in calibration to modern methodologies: A tutorial for small molecules quantification in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry bioanalysis. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1240:340711. [PMID: 36641149 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, liquid chromatography coupled to mass-spectrometry (LC‒MS) has become the gold standard to perform qualitative and quantitative analyses of small molecules. When quantitative analysis is developed, an analyst usually refers to international guidelines for analytical method validation. In this context, the design of calibration curves plays a key role in providing accurate results. During recent years and along with instrumental advances, strategies to build calibration curves have dramatically evolved, introducing innovative approaches to improve quantitative precision and throughput. For example, when a labeled standard is available to be spiked directly into the study sample, the concentration of the unlabeled analog can be easily determined using the isotopic pattern deconvolution or the internal calibration approach, eliminating the need for multipoint calibration curves. This tutorial aims to synthetize the advances in LC‒MS quantitative analysis for small molecules in complex matrices, going from fundamental aspects in calibration to modern methodologies and applications. Different work schemes for calibration depending on the sample characteristics (analyte and matrix nature) are distinguished and discussed. Finally, this tutorial outlines the importance of having international guidelines for analytical method validation that agree with the advances in calibration strategies and analytical instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioele Visconti
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julien Boccard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Serge Rudaz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
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7
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Battista N, Fanti F, Sergi M. LC-MS/MS Analysis of AEA and 2-AG. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2576:41-47. [PMID: 36152176 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2728-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
LC-MS/MS is a powerful analytical technique that provides unequivocal identification and reliable quantification of the analytes, using Selected Reaction Monitoring or Multi Reaction Monitoring acquisition mode.Anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine, AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) are the most abundant endocannabinoids (eCBs), which play a major role in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes. Analysis of those compounds by means of LC-MS/MS allows the detection of very low concentrations in biological samples. Here, we describe how to determine AEA and 2-AG levels in tiny samples of tissues and plasma through LC-MS/MS, by using very quick and easy-to-perform extraction procedures, with reduced solvent consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Battista
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Federico Fanti
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Manuel Sergi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy.
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Robust off-grid analyser for autonomous remote in-situ monitoring of nitrate and nitrite in water. TALANTA OPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2022.100173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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9
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Zou D, Wang Q, Chen T, Sang D, Yang T, Wang Y, Gao M, He F, Li Y, He L, Longzhu D. Bufadienolides originated from toad source and their anti-inflammatory activity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1044027. [PMID: 36339575 PMCID: PMC9627299 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1044027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Bufadienolide, an essential member of the C-24 steroid family, is characterized by an α-pyrone positioned at C-17. As the predominantly active constituent in traditional Chinese medicine of Chansu, bufadienolide has been prescribed in the treatment of numerous ailments. It is a specifically potent inhibitor of Na+/K+ ATPase with excellent anti-inflammatory activity. However, the severe side effects triggered by unbiased inhibition of the whole-body cells distributed α1-subtype of Na+/K+ ATPase, restrict its future applicability. Thus, researchers have paved the road for the structural alteration of desirable bufadienolide derivatives with minimal adverse effects via biotransformation. In this review, we give priority to the present evidence for structural diversity, MS fragmentation principles, anti-inflammatory efficacy, and structure modification of bufadienolides derived from toads to offer a scientific foundation for future in-depth investigations and views.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denglang Zou
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Duocheng Sang
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Tingqin Yang
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Mengze Gao
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Fangfang He
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Yulin Li
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Liangliang He
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duojie Longzhu
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
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Di Minno A, Gelzo M, Stornaiuolo M, Ruoppolo M, Castaldo G. The evolving landscape of untargeted metabolomics. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:1645-1652. [PMID: 33895079 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Untargeted Metabolomics is a "hypothesis-generating discovery strategy" that compares groups of samples (e.g., cases vs controls); identifies the metabolome and establishes (early signs of) perturbations. Targeted Metabolomics helped gather key information in life sciences and disclosed novel strategies for the treatment of major clinical entities (e.g., malignancy, cardiovascular diabetes mellitus, drug toxicity). Because of its relevance in biomarker discovery, attention is now devoted to improving the translational potential of untargeted Metabolomics. DATA SYNTHESIS Expertise in laboratory medicine and in bioinformatics helps solve challenges/pitfalls that may bias metabolite profiling in untargeted Metabolomics. Clinical validation (availability/reliability of analytical instruments) and profitability (how many people will use the test) are mandatory steps for potential biomarkers. Biomarkers to predict individual patient response, patient populations that will best respond to specific strategies and/or approaches for an optimal response to treatment are now being developed. Additional help is expected from professional, and regulatory Agencies as to guidelines for study design and data acquisition and analysis, to be applied from the very beginning of a project. Evidence from food, plant, human, environmental, and animal research argues for the need of miniaturized approaches that employ low-cost, easy to use, mobile devices. ELISA kits with such characteristics that employ targeted metabolites are already available. CONCLUSIONS Improving knowledge of the mechanisms behind the disease status (pathophysiology) will help untargeted Metabolomics gather a direct positive impact on welfare and industrial advancements, and fade uncertainties perceived by regulators/payers and patients concerning variables related to miniaturised instruments and user-friendly software and databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Di Minno
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università Degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, 80131, Italy; CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Gelzo
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università Degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Margherita Ruoppolo
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castaldo
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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Boonchaisri S, Rochfort S, Stevenson T, Dias DA. LC-MS untargeted metabolomics assesses the delayed response of glufosinate treatment of transgenic glufosinate resistant (GR) buffalo grasses (Stenotaphrum secundatum L.). Metabolomics 2021; 17:28. [PMID: 33609206 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-021-01776-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glufosinate resistant (GR) buffalo grasses were genetically modified to resist the broad-spectrum herbicide, glufosinate by inserting a novel pat gene into its genome. This modification results in a production of additional phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT) to detoxify the deleterious effects of glufosinate. The GR grasses and its associated herbicide form a modern, weeding program, to eradicate obnoxious weeds in turf lawn without damaging the grasses at relatively low costs and labor. As with several principal crops which are genetically modified to improve agricultural traits, biosafety of the GR buffalo grasses is inevitably expected to become a public concern. For the first time, we had previously examined the metabolome of glufosinate-resistant buffalo grasses, using a GC-MS untargeted approach to assess the risk of GR as well as identify any pleotropic effects arising from the genetically modification process. In this paper, an untargeted high-resolution LC-MS (LC-HRMS) untargeted metabolomics approach was carried out to complement our previous findings with respect to GR and wild type (WT) buffalo grasses. OBJECTIVE One of the major aims of this present work was to compare GR to WT buffalo grasses by including the detection of the secondary metabolome and determine any unprecedented metabolic changes. METHODS Eight-week old plants of 4 GR buffalo grasses, (93-1A, 93-2B, 93-3 C and 93-5A) and 3 wild type varieties (WT 8-4A, WT 9-1B and WT 9-1B) were submerged in either 5 % v/v of glufosinate or distilled water 3 days prior to a LC-HRMS based untargeted metabolomics analysis (glufosinate-treated or control, samples, respectively). An Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) system coupled to a Velos Pro Orbitrap mass spectrometer system was employed to holistically measure the primary and secondary metabolome of both GR and WT buffalo grasses either treated with or without glufosinate and subsequently apply several bioinformatic tools including the automated pathway analysis algorithm, mummichog. RESULTS LC-HRMS untargeted based metabolomics clearly identified that the global metabolite pools of both GR and WT cultivars were highly similar, providing strong, supporting evidence of substantial equivalence between the GR and WT varieties. These findings indicate that if any associated risks to these GR grasses were somehow present, the risk would be within those acceptable ranges present in the WT. Additionally, mummichog-based pathway analysis indicated that phenylalanine metabolism and the TCA cycle were significantly impacted by glufosinate treatment in the WT cultivar. It was possible that alterations in the relative concentrations of several intermediates in these pathways were likely due to glufosinate-induced production of secondary metabolites to enhance plant defense mechanisms against herbicidal stress at the expense of primary metabolism. CONCLUSIONS GR buffalo grasses were found to be near identical to its WT comparator based on this complementary LC-HRMS based untargeted metabolomics. Therefore, these results further support the safe use of these GR buffalo grasses with substantial evidence. Interestingly, despite protected by PAT, GR buffalo grasses still demonstrated the response to glufosinate treatment by up-regulating some secondary metabolite-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriwat Boonchaisri
- Division of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Simone Rochfort
- Agriculture Research Victoria, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Trevor Stevenson
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Daniel A Dias
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Laboratory Medicine, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia.
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12
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Luo C, DeStefano JJ, Langlois TJ, Boyes BE, Schuster SA, Godinho JM. Fundamental to achieving fast separations with high efficiency: A review of chromatography with superficially porous particles. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5087. [PMID: 33566360 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Types of particles have been fundamental to LC separation technology for many years. Originally, LC columns were packed with large-diameter (>100 μm) calcium carbonate, silica gel, or alumina particles that prohibited fast mobile-phase speeds because of the slow diffusion of sample molecules inside deep pores. During the birth of HPLC in the 1960s, superficially porous particles (SPP, ≥30 μm) were developed as the first high-speed stationary-phase support structures commercialized, which permitted faster mobile-phase flowrates due to the fast movement of sample molecules in/out of the thin shells. These initial SPPs were displaced by smaller totally porous particles (TPP) in the mid-1970s. But SPP history repeated when UHPLC emerged in the 2000s. Stationary-phase support structures made from sub-3-μm SPPs were introduced to chromatographers in 2006. The initial purpose of this modern SPP was to enable chromatographers to achieve fast separations with high efficiency using conventional HPLCs. Later, the introduction of sub-2-μm SPPs with UHPLC instruments pushed the separation speed and efficiency to a very fast zone. This review aims at providing readers a comprehensive and up-to-date view on the advantages of SPP materials over TPPs historically and theoretically from the material science angle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuping Luo
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
| | | | | | - Barry E Boyes
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
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Co-continuous network polymers using epoxy monolith for the design of tough materials. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1431. [PMID: 33446844 PMCID: PMC7809133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-80978-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
High-performance polymer materials that can exhibit distinguished mechanical properties have been developed based on material design considering energy dissipation by sacrificial bond dissociation. We now propose co-continuous network polymers (CNPs) for the design of tough polymer materials. CNP is a new composite material fabricated by filling the three-dimensionally continuous pores of a hard epoxy monolith with any cross-linked polymer having a low glass transition temperature (Tg). The structure and mechanical properties of the CNPs containing epoxy resins, thiol-ene thermosets, and polyacrylates as the low-Tg components were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, tensile tests as well as scanning electron microscopic observations and non-destructive 3D X-ray imaging in order to clarify a mechanism for exhibiting an excellent strength and toughness. It has been demonstrated that the mechanical properties and fractural behavior of the CNPs significantly depend on the network structure of the filler polymers, and that a simultaneous high strength and toughness are achieved via the sacrificial fracture mechanism of epoxy-based hard materials with co-continuous network structures.
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14
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Addepalli RV, Mullangi R. A concise review on lipidomics analysis in biological samples. ADMET AND DMPK 2020; 9:1-22. [PMID: 35299875 PMCID: PMC8923307 DOI: 10.5599/admet.913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are a complex and critical heterogeneous molecular entity, playing an intricate and key role in understanding biological activities and disease processes. Lipidomics aims to quantitatively define the lipid classes, including their molecular species. The analysis of the biological tissues and fluids are challenging due to the extreme sample complexity and occurrence of the molecular species as isomers or isobars. This review documents the overview of lipidomics workflow, beginning from the approaches of sample preparation, various analytical techniques and emphasizing the state-of-the-art mass spectrometry either by shotgun or coupled with liquid chromatography. We have considered the latest ion mobility spectroscopy technologies to deal with the vast number of structural isomers, different imaging techniques. All these techniques have their pitfalls and we have discussed how to circumvent them after reviewing the power of each technique with examples..
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramesh Mullangi
- Laxai Life Sciences Pvt Ltd, MN Park, Genome Valley, Shamirpet, Hyderabad-500 078, India
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15
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Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography as a biomimetic screening platform for pharmacokinetic profiling of compound libraries in early drug development. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1142:157-168. [PMID: 33280693 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography-based biomimetic platform (LCxLC) has been developed and validated for drug diffusion studies. Human serum albumin (HSA) and immobilized artificial membrane (IAM) were thereby used in the first (1D) and second (2D) separation dimension, respectively. While the former was meant to emulate the blood, the latter was instead intended to mimic the intestinal mucosa epithelium. Therefore, the experimental conditions, i.e. pH, temperature and buffer composition, were modulated to reflect faithfully in vivo conditions. 30 compounds, whose effective intestinal permeability (Peff) assayed in situ on humans by a validated technique was known from the literature, were used as model drugs. A good and orthogonal separation was achieved for the whole dataset, although for a better distribution of the most polar compounds in the elution window a segmented gradient elution program had to be employed. Interestingly, the passively uptaken compounds having the most favourable Peff populated a specific area of the 2D plots, implying that the affinity for HSA and IAM has to lie in specific ranges in order for a compound to be satisfactorily absorbed from the intestinal lumen. Although these results should be regarded as preliminary, this work paves an entirely new and unprecedented way to profile pharmaceutically relevant compounds for their in vivo absorption and distribution potential.
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16
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Sakata N, Takeda Y, Kotera M, Suzuki Y, Matsumoto A. Interfacial Structure Control and Three-Dimensional X-ray Imaging of an Epoxy Monolith Bonding System with Surface Modification. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:10923-10932. [PMID: 32864969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A monolith bonding system has a high reliability for dissimilar material bonding. The epoxy monolith layer fabricated on a substrate guarantees bond strength by the anchor effect, regardless of the compatibility of the used materials. Designing a high-performance monolith bonding system requires the suppression of an interfacial failure between the monolith and the substrate. In this study, silane and phosphine coupling agents containing amino and epoxy groups were used to construct a robust interfacial structure between the monolith and the substrates such as glass and metals. The internal and interfacial monolith structures were characterized by three-dimensional X-ray imaging as a nondestructive observation method in addition to the scanning electron microscopy of the sample cross sections. The modification of the substrate-monolith interface using the coupling agents improved the strength of dissimilar material bonding of the glass and metal substrates in combination with thermoplastic resins such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) and polycarbonate bisphenol-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanako Sakata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takeda
- Core Technology Research Department, X-ray Research Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12, Matsubara-cho, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8666, Japan
| | - Masaru Kotera
- R&D Department, HOTMELT ADHESIVE Division, MORESCO Corporation, 5-5-3, Minatojimaminami-machi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akikazu Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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17
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V González de Peredo A, Vázquez-Espinosa M, Piñeiro Z, Espada-Bellido E, Ferreiro-González M, F Barbero G, Palma M. Development of a rapid and accurate UHPLC-PDA-FL method for the quantification of phenolic compounds in grapes. Food Chem 2020; 334:127569. [PMID: 32707360 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Grapes are a great source of phenolic compounds, which have excellent antioxidant properties. Efficient analytical methods are necessary to selectively and precisely determine these compounds content in grapes. In this study, a reverse-phase ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) method with fluorescence and photodiode array detection has been developed to determine and quantify 27 of the main phenolic compounds present in grapes. An ACQUITY UPLC® BEH C18 (50 mm × 2.1 mm i.d., 1.7 mm particle size) column was employed. A gradient method was developed and column temperature (25-55 °C), as well as flow rate (0.6-0.75 mL min-1), were optimized. The optimum conditions allowed the separation of all the compounds in less than 9 min. The method was validated and demonstrated excellent detection and quantification limits, precision, and selectivity. Finally, several grape varieties were studied in order to demonstrate the applicability of the method to the analysis of real matrix samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana V González de Peredo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, P.O. Box 40, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Mercedes Vázquez-Espinosa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, P.O. Box 40, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Zulema Piñeiro
- Centro IFAPA Rancho de la Merced, Carretera de Trebujena, km 3.2, Apdo. 589, 11471 Jerez de la Frontera, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Estrella Espada-Bellido
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, P.O. Box 40, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Marta Ferreiro-González
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, P.O. Box 40, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Gerardo F Barbero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, P.O. Box 40, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Miguel Palma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, P.O. Box 40, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
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18
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Kresge GA, Grosse S, Zimmer A, Grinias KM, De Pra M, Wong JMT, Steiner F, Grinias JP. Strategies in developing high-throughput liquid chromatography protocols for method qualification of pharmacopeial monographs. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:2964-2970. [PMID: 32388922 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Method qualification is a key step in the development of routine analytical monitoring of pharmaceutical products. However, when relying on published monographs that describe longer method times based on older high-performance liquid chromatography column and instrument technology, this can delay the overall analysis process for generated drug products. In this study, high-throughput ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography techniques were implemented to decrease the amount of time needed to complete a 24-run sequence to identify linearity, recovery, and repeatability for both drug assay and impurity analysis in 16 min. Multiple experimental parameters were tested to identify a range of experimental settings that could be used for the sequence while still maintaining this fast analysis time. The full sequence was replicated on a different system and with different columns, further demonstrating its robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn A Kresge
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | | | - Alexis Zimmer
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Kaitlin M Grinias
- Analytical Platforms & Platform Modernization , GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - James P Grinias
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
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19
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Ma S, Li Y, Ma C, Wang Y, Ou J, Ye M. Challenges and Advances in the Fabrication of Monolithic Bioseparation Materials and their Applications in Proteomics Research. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1902023. [PMID: 31502719 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-performance liquid chromatography integrated with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) has become a powerful technique for proteomics research. Its performance heavily depends on the separation efficiency of HPLC, which in turn depends on the chromatographic material. As the "heart" of the HPLC system, the chromatographic material is required to achieve excellent column efficiency and fast analysis. Monolithic materials, fabricated as continuous supports with interconnected skeletal structure and flow-through pores, are regarded as an alternative to particle-packed columns. Such materials are featured with easy preparation, fast mass transfer, high porosity, low back pressure, and miniaturization, and are next-generation separation materials for high-throughput proteins and peptides analysis. Herein, the recent progress regarding the fabrication of various monolithic materials is reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on studies of the fabrication of monolithic capillary columns and their applications in separation of biomolecules by capillary liquid chromatography (cLC). The applications of monolithic materials in the digestion, enrichment, and separation of phosphopeptides and glycopeptides from biological samples are also considered. Finally, advances in comprehensive 2D HPLC separations using monolithic columns are also shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ya Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chen Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Junjie Ou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mingliang Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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20
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Liu S, Huang X, Hu K, Jin Q, Zhu G. Development of a Multiresidue Method for Endocrine-Disrupting Pesticides by Solid Phase Extraction and Determination by UHPLC-MS/MS from Drinking Water Samples. J Chromatogr Sci 2019; 58:195-202. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmz089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
A rapid and efficient method based on solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was validated, allowing the determination of the endocrine-disrupting herbicides (acetochlor, alachlor, amitrole and atrazine), fungicides (carbendazim, triadimefon, penconazole and propiconazole), and insecticides (carbaryl and carbofuran) in drinking water. Low method detection limits (0.01–0.64 ng/L) and method quantification limits (0.03–2.13 ng/L) were obtained with satisfactory recoveries and precision for the endocrine-disrupting pesticides. The method was applied for real drinking water samples collected in the area of the city of Hangzhou (Zhejiang, China); the results showed that carbendazim, atrazine and acetochlor were detected in the drinking water samples and acetochlor was the most detected analyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoying Liu
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xihui Huang
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kejun Hu
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Quan Jin
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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21
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Pillar array columns for peptide separations in nanoscale reversed-phase chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1603:426-432. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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22
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Sznajder-Katarzyńska K, Surma M, Wiczkowski W, Cieślik E. The perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contamination level in milk and milk products in Poland. Int Dairy J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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A Review of Perfluoroalkyl Acids (PFAAs) in terms of Sources, Applications, Human Exposure, Dietary Intake, Toxicity, Legal Regulation, and Methods of Determination. J CHEM-NY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/2717528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are widely distributed across the world and are expected to be of concern to human health and the environment. The review focuses on perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and, in particular, on the most frequently discussed perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids (PFSAs). In this study, some basic information concerning PFASs is reviewed, focusing mainly on PFAAs (perfluoroalkyl acids). We have made efforts to systemize their division into groups according to chemical structure, describe their basic physicochemical properties, characterize production technologies, and determine potential human exposure routes with particular reference to oral exposure. A variety of possible toxicological effects to human health are also discussed. In response to increasing public concern about the toxicity of PFAAs, an evaluation of dietary intake has been undertaken for two of the most commonly known PFAAs: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS). As summarized in this study, PFAAs levels need further assessment due to the science-based TWI standards laid down by the EFSA’s CONTAM Panel regarding the risk to human health posed by the presence of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid in food (tolerable weekly intakes of PFOA and PFOS set up to 6 ng·kg−1·bw·week−1 and 13 ng·kg−1·bw·week−1, respectively). Current legislation, relevant legislation on PFAAs levels in food, and the most popular methods of analysis in food matrices are described.
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24
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Column selection for comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography using the hydrophobic subtraction model. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1589:47-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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25
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Vera C, Samuelsson J, Fornstedt T, Dennis G, Shalliker R. Visualisation of axial temperature gradients and heat transfer process of different solvent compositions in ultra high performance liquid chromatography using thermography. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Cavaliere C, Capriotti AL, La Barbera G, Montone CM, Piovesana S, Laganà A. Liquid Chromatographic Strategies for Separation of Bioactive Compounds in Food Matrices. Molecules 2018; 23:E3091. [PMID: 30486380 PMCID: PMC6320936 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, there is an increasing attention for nutraceuticals and, in general, bioactive compounds naturally present in food. Indeed, the possibility of preserving human health and preventing disease (e.g., cardiovascular diseases, cancer etc.) by the intake of healthy food is attractive for both consumers and food industries. In turn, research in this field was also prompted significantly, with the aim of characterizing these bioactive compounds and ascribe to them a specific activity. The bioactive compounds can belong to several chemical classes. However, their chemical diversity and presence in complex matrices, such as food, make it challenging both their isolation and characterization. To tackle this issue, efficient separation systems are needed, which are mainly based on chromatography. In this context, this mini-review aims to provide the reader with an overview of the most relevant and recent approaches for the separation of the most common bioactive compounds in food, in particular polyphenols, phenols, carotenoids, and peptides, by liquid chromatography approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cavaliere
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Anna Laura Capriotti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Giorgia La Barbera
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Carmela Maria Montone
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Susy Piovesana
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Aldo Laganà
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 00185 Roma, Italy.
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27
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NISHIMURA N, NAITO T, KUBO T, OTSUKA K. Suppression of Hydrophobicity and Optimizations of a Ligand-Immobilization for Effective Affinity Chromatography Using a Spongy Monolith. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2018. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2018.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Takuya KUBO
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
| | - Koji OTSUKA
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
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28
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Kang MG, Lin HR. Systematic Evaluation and Validation of Benzodiazepines Confirmation Assay Using LC–MS-MS. J Anal Toxicol 2018; 43:96-103. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bky071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Miau-Guo Kang
- Master Program in Medical Biotechnology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Ru Lin
- Master Program in Medical Biotechnology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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29
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Lynch KB, Ren J, Beckner MA, He C, Liu S. Monolith columns for liquid chromatographic separations of intact proteins: A review of recent advances and applications. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1046:48-68. [PMID: 30482303 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In this article we survey 256 references (with an emphasis on the papers published in the past decade) on monolithic columns for intact protein separation. Protein enrichment and purification are included in the broadly defined separation. After a brief introduction, we describe the types of monolithic columns and modes of chromatographic separations employed for protein separations. While the majority of the work is still in the research and development phase, papers have been published toward utilizing monolithic columns for practical applications. We survey these papers as well in this review. Characteristics of selected methods along with their pros and cons will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle B Lynch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK, 73019, United States
| | - Jiangtao Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK, 73019, United States
| | - Matthew A Beckner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK, 73019, United States
| | - Chiyang He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, 1 Textile Road, Wuhan, 430073, PR China
| | - Shaorong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK, 73019, United States.
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30
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Liang Y, Zhou T. Recent advances of online coupling of sample preparation techniques with ultra high performance liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2018; 42:226-242. [PMID: 30136406 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ultra high performance liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography techniques are favored because of their high efficiency and fast analysis speed. Although many sample preparation techniques have been coupled with common liquid chromatography online, the online coupling of sample preparation with the two popular chromatography techniques have gained increasing attention owing to the increasing requirements of efficiency and sensitivity. In this review, we have discussed and summarized the recent advances of the online coupling of sample preparation with ultra high performance liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography techniques. The main sample preparation techniques that have been coupled with ultra high performance liquid chromatography online are solid-phase extraction and in-tube solid-phase microextraction, while solid-phase extraction and supercritical fluid extraction are the main techniques that have been coupled with supercritical fluid chromatography online. Especially, the strategies for online coupling of sample preparation with chromatography techniques were summarized. Typical applications and growing trends of the online coupling techniques were also discussed in detail. With the increasing demands of improving the efficiency, throughput, and analytical capability toward complex samples of the analysis methods, online coupling of sample preparation with chromatography techniques will acquire further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshan Liang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhou
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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31
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Vera C, Samuelsson J, Fornstedt T, Dennis G, Shalliker R. Protocol for the visualisation of axial temperature gradients in ultra high performance liquid chromatography using infrared cameras. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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32
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Chen Z, Coy SL, Pannkuk EL, Laiakis EC, Fornace AJ, Vouros P. Differential Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry (DMS-MS) in Radiation Biodosimetry: Rapid and High-Throughput Quantitation of Multiple Radiation Biomarkers in Nonhuman Primate Urine. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1650-1664. [PMID: 29736597 PMCID: PMC6287943 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1977-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput methods to assess radiation exposure are a priority due to concerns that include nuclear power accidents, the spread of nuclear weapon capability, and the risk of terrorist attacks. Metabolomics, the assessment of small molecules in an easily accessible sample, is the most recent method to be applied for the identification of biomarkers of the biological radiation response with a useful dose-response profile. Profiling for biomarker identification is frequently done using an LC-MS platform which has limited throughput due to the time-consuming nature of chromatography. We present here a chromatography-free simplified method for quantitative analysis of seven metabolites in urine with radiation dose-response using urine samples provided from the Pannkuk et al. (2015) study of long-term (7-day) radiation response in nonhuman primates (NHP). The stable isotope dilution (SID) analytical method consists of sample preparation by strong cation exchange-solid phase extraction (SCX-SPE) to remove interferences and concentrate the metabolites of interest, followed by differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) ion filtration to select the ion of interest and reduce chemical background, followed by mass spectrometry (overall SID-SPE-DMS-MS). Since no chromatography is used, calibration curves were prepared rapidly, in under 2 h (including SPE) for six simultaneously analyzed radiation biomarkers. The seventh, creatinine, was measured separately after 2500× dilution. Creatinine plays a dual role, measuring kidney glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and indicating kidney damage at high doses. The current quantitative method using SID-SPE-DMS-MS provides throughput which is 7.5 to 30 times higher than that of LC-MS and provides a path to pre-clinical radiation dose estimation. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidan Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Stephen L Coy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Evan L Pannkuk
- Tumor Biology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Evagelia C Laiakis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Albert J Fornace
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Paul Vouros
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Zhang H, Zhao L, Huang Y, Zhu K, Wang Q, Yang R, Su Z, Ma G. Uniform polysaccharide composite microspheres with controllable network by microporous membrane emulsification technique. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:4331-4341. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1084-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Salimi K, Usta DD, Koçer İ, Çelik E, Tuncel A. Protein A and protein A/G coupled magnetic SiO2 microspheres for affinity purification of immunoglobulin G. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 111:178-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gertsman I, Barshop BA. Promises and pitfalls of untargeted metabolomics. J Inherit Metab Dis 2018; 41:355-366. [PMID: 29536203 PMCID: PMC5960440 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-017-0130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is one of the newer omics fields, and has enabled researchers to complement genomic and protein level analysis of disease with both semi-quantitative and quantitative metabolite levels, which are the chemical mediators that constitute a given phenotype. Over more than a decade, methodologies have advanced for both targeted (quantification of specific analytes) as well as untargeted metabolomics (biomarker discovery and global metabolite profiling). Untargeted metabolomics is especially useful when there is no a priori metabolic hypothesis. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has been the preferred choice for untargeted metabolomics, given the versatility in metabolite coverage and sensitivity of these instruments. Resolving and profiling many hundreds to thousands of metabolites with varying chemical properties in a biological sample presents unique challenges, or pitfalls. In this review, we address the various obstacles and corrective measures available in four major aspects associated with an untargeted metabolomics experiment: (1) experimental design, (2) pre-analytical (sample collection and preparation), (3) analytical (chromatography and detection), and (4) post-analytical (data processing).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Gertsman
- Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA, 92093-0830, USA
| | - Bruce A Barshop
- Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA, 92093-0830, USA.
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Abstract
Drug metabolites have been monitored with various types of newly developed techniques and/or combination of common analytical methods, which could provide a great deal of information on metabolite profiling. Because it is not easy to analyze whole drug metabolites qualitatively and quantitatively, a single solution of analytical techniques is combined in a multilateral manner to cover the widest range of drug metabolites. Mass-based spectroscopic analysis of drug metabolites has been expanded with the help of other parameter-based methods. The current development of metabolism studies through contemporary pharmaceutical research are reviewed with an overview on conventionally used spectroscopic methods. Several technical approaches for conducting drug metabolic profiling through spectroscopic methods are discussed in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Jae Yi
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-Si, Gyeonggi-do, 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongsoon Park
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Anseong-Si, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Je Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyu Rhee
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Sung Son
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-Si, Gyeonggi-do, 11160, Republic of Korea.
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Behere K, Cha B, Yoon S. Protein a resin lifetime study: Evaluation of protein a resin performance with a model-based approach in continuous capture. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 48:242-256. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2018.1425711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ketki Behere
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Bumjoon Cha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Seongkyu Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
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Advances in analytical tools for high throughput strain engineering. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2018; 54:33-40. [PMID: 29448095 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of inexpensive, base-perfect genome editing is revolutionising biology. Modern industrial biotechnology exploits the advances in genome editing in combination with automation, analytics and data integration to build high-throughput automated strain engineering pipelines also known as biofoundries. Biofoundries replace the slow and inconsistent artisanal processes used to build microbial cell factories with an automated design-build-test cycle, considerably reducing the time needed to deliver commercially viable strains. Testing and hence learning remains relatively shallow, but recent advances in analytical chemistry promise to increase the depth of characterization possible. Analytics combined with models of cellular physiology in automated systems biology pipelines should enable deeper learning and hence a steeper pitch of the learning cycle. This review explores the progress, advances and remaining bottlenecks of analytical tools for high throughput strain engineering.
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Some Applications of Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in the Biomedical Field. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Sawicki T, Juśkiewicz J, Wiczkowski W. Using the SPE and Micro-HPLC-MS/MS Method for the Analysis of Betalains in Rat Plasma after Red Beet Administration. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122137. [PMID: 29207522 PMCID: PMC6149673 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop a simple and reproducible method for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of betalains in plasma samples, based on Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) and micro-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (micro-HPLC-MS/MS). The eight betalain compounds detected and quantified were characterized in the fortified rat blood plasma samples. The developed method showed a good coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.999), good recovery, precision, and appropriate limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for these compounds. Application of this method for the treatment of rat plasma samples collected after the betalain preparation administration, for the first time, revealed the presence of native betalains and their metabolites in plasma samples. Moreover, among them, betanin (2.14 ± 0.06 µmol/L) and isobetanin (3.28 ± 0.04 µmol/L) were found at the highest concentration. The results indicated that the combination of an SPE method with a micro-HPLC-MS/MS analysis may be successfully applied for the determination of betalains in the blood plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Sawicki
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Juśkiewicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Wiesław Wiczkowski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
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41
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Andjelković U, Tufegdžić S, Popović M. Use of monolithic supports for high-throughput protein and peptide separation in proteomics. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2851-2869. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Uroš Andjelković
- Department of Chemistry-Institute of Chemistry; Technology and Metallurgy; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
- Department of Biotechnology; University of Rijeka; Rijeka Croatia
| | - Srdjan Tufegdžić
- Department of Chemistry-Institute of Chemistry; Technology and Metallurgy; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Milica Popović
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
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Thomas A, Lenglet S, Chaurand P, Déglon J, Mangin P, Mach F, Steffens S, Wolfender JL, Staub C. Mass spectrometry for the evaluation of cardiovascular diseases based on proteomics and lipidomics. Thromb Haemost 2017; 106:20-33. [DOI: 10.1160/th10-12-0812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
SummaryThe identification and quantification of proteins and lipids is of major importance for the diagnosis, prognosis and understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in disease development. Owing to its selectivity and sensitivity, mass spectrometry has become a key technique in analytical platforms for proteomic and lipidomic investigations. Using this technique, many strategies have been developed based on unbiased or targeted approaches to highlight or monitor molecules of interest from biomatrices. Although these approaches have largely been employed in cancer research, this type of investigation has been met by a growing interest in the field of cardiovascular disorders, potentially leading to the discovery of novel biomarkers and the development of new therapies. In this paper, we will review the different mass spectrometry- based proteomic and lipidomic strategies applied in cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis. Particular attention will be given to recent developments and the role of bioinformatics in data treatment. This review will be of broad interest to the medical community by providing a tutorial of how mass spectrometric strategies can support clinical trials.
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Fernandes C, Phyo YZ, Silva AS, Tiritan ME, Kijjoa A, Pinto MM. Chiral Stationary Phases Based on Small Molecules: An Update of the Last 17 Years. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2017.1326939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Ye’ Zaw Phyo
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Silva
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena M.M. Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
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Comparing the selectivity and chiral separation of d- and l- fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride protected amino acids in analytical high performance liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography; evaluating throughput, economic and environmental impact. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1493:10-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Kubota K, Kubo T, Tanigawa T, Naito T, Otsuka K. New platform for simple and rapid protein-based affinity reactions. Sci Rep 2017; 7:178. [PMID: 28282970 PMCID: PMC5428043 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a spongy-like porous polymer (spongy monolith) consisting of poly(ethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate) with continuous macropores that allowed efficient in situ reaction between the epoxy groups and proteins of interest. Immobilization of protein A on the spongy monolith enabled high-yield collection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) from cell culture supernatant even at a high flow rate. In addition, immobilization of pepsin on the spongy monolith enabled efficient online digestion at a high flow rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Kubota
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Analytical and Quality Evaluation Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Hiratsuka, Japan
| | - Takuya Kubo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Tanigawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Chemco Scientific Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Toyohiro Naito
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Otsuka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Hetzel T, Blaesing C, Jaeger M, Teutenberg T, Schmidt TC. Characterization of peak capacity of microbore liquid chromatography columns using gradient kinetic plots. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1485:62-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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47
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48
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Fast separation of red colorants in beverages using cyano monolithic column in Sequential Injection Chromatography. Microchem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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49
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Kohler I, Giera M. Recent advances in liquid-phase separations for clinical metabolomics. J Sep Sci 2016; 40:93-108. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Kohler
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research; Leiden University; Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden The Netherlands
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50
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Prache N, Abreu S, Sassiat P, Thiébaut D, Chaminade P. Alternative solvents for improving the greenness of normal phase liquid chromatography of lipid classes. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1464:55-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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