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Stoian I, Iosif L, Gilca M, Vlad A, Tivig I, Bradescu OM, Savu O. L-Arginine-Dependent Nitric Oxide Production in the Blood of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot, Five-Year Prospective Study. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:556. [PMID: 38792578 PMCID: PMC11122261 DOI: 10.3390/life14050556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Backgound: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major cardiovascular risk factor. Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the many molecules that regulate vascular tone, and red blood cells (RBCs) are known to play an important role in adjusting cardiac function through NO export from RBCs. Our study prospectively investigated the L-arginine (L-arg)-nitric oxide (NO) metabolic pathway in the erythrocytes and plasma of subjects with T2DM. Methods: RBCs and plasma were collected from patients with T2DM (n = 10), at first clinical onset (baseline) and after five years of disease evolution (follow-up). L-arg content was assayed by competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay. Arginase activity and nitrate/nitrite levels were measured using spectrophotometry. Results: When compared to baseline, L-arg content decreased in RBCs and remained similar in the plasma; NO production decreased in RBCs and the plasma; and arginase activity was lower in RBCs and increased in plasma. Conclusions: The L-arg/NO metabolic pathway decreases in the RBCs of patients with T2DM five years after the first clinical onset. The persistent decrease in RBCs' arginase activity fails to compensate for the sustained decrease in RBCs' NO production in the diabetic environment. This pilot study indicates that the NO-RBC pool is depleted during the progression of the disease in the same cohort of T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Stoian
- Department of Functional Sciences I/Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (L.I.); (M.G.)
- IristLabmed SRL, 031235 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Liviu Iosif
- Department of Functional Sciences I/Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (L.I.); (M.G.)
- IristLabmed SRL, 031235 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Marilena Gilca
- Department of Functional Sciences I/Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (L.I.); (M.G.)
| | - Adelina Vlad
- Department of Functional Sciences I/Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioan Tivig
- IristLabmed SRL, 031235 Bucharest, Romania;
- Biophysics and Cellular Biotechnology Department, Excellence Center for Research in Biophysics and Cellular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Marius Bradescu
- N.C. Paulescu National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 020475 Bucharest, Romania; (O.M.B.); (O.S.)
| | - Octavian Savu
- N.C. Paulescu National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 020475 Bucharest, Romania; (O.M.B.); (O.S.)
- Department of Doctoral School, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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Sudová V, Prokop P, Trefil L, Racek J, Rajdl D. Comparison of two methods for dimethylarginines quantification. Pract Lab Med 2024; 39:e00359. [PMID: 38313812 PMCID: PMC10831080 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2024.e00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Both dimethylarginines are widely bound to chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study was focused to validate published LC-MS/MS method and compared the measured data with an immunoassay. Design and methods The analysis was performed on a Dionex UltiMate 3000 UHPLC-Standard (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) with an amaZon SL ion trap (Bruker, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA). Comparison was evaluated by using Passing Bablok regression and Bland Altman plot. Healthy volunteers (n = 40) were used for validation and as control group to patients group (n = 40) with different stages of CKD. Results The results in healthy controls determined by the LC-MS/MS (ELISA) method were 0.52 ± 0.0892 with 95 % CI: 0.49-0.55 (0.61 ± 0.1213 with 95 % CI: 0.57-0.64) μmol/L for AD MA and 0.56 ± 0.0810 with 95 % CI: 0.53-0.58 (0.62 ± 0.0752 with 95 % CI: 0.57-0.65) μmol/L for SDMA. In the same way, the patient group values determined by the LC-MS/MS (ELISA) method were 0.82 ± 0.1604 with 95 % CI: 0.75-0.88 (1.06 ± 0.3002 with 95 % CI: 0.94-1.19) μmol/L and 2.14 ± 0.8778 with 95 % CI: 1.47-2.58 (1.65 ± 0.5160 with 95 % CI: 1.40-1.98) μmol/L for ADMA and SDMA, respectively. The correlation between the methods, expressed as the Spearman correlation coefficient (R), was 0.858 (0.8059) for ADMA (p < 0.0001) and 0.895 (0.9607) for SDMA (p < 0.0001). Conclusions ADMA levels determined by the immunoassay were almost 30 % overestimated, in contrast to SDMA levels, which were 3 % underestimated. According to our findings, a better correlation could be obtained by simple sample dilution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vendula Sudová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 32300, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Haematology, Charles University and University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Prokop
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 32300, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Haematology, Charles University and University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Trefil
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 32300, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Haematology, Charles University and University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Racek
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 32300, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Haematology, Charles University and University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Rajdl
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 32300, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Haematology, Charles University and University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Eryavuz Onmaz D, Abusoglu S, Yaglioglu H, Abusoglu G, Unlu A. Developing a robust, fast and reliable measurement method for the analysis of methylarginine derivatives and related metabolites. J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab 2021; 19:34-45. [PMID: 34820664 PMCID: PMC8601011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in endothelial homeostasis. Asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), L-N monomethyl arginine (L-NMMA) and symmetric dimethyl arginine (SDMA), which are derivatives of methylarginine, directly or indirectly reduce NO production. Therefore, these metabolites are an important risk factor for various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. Numerous methods have been developed for the measurement of methylarginine derivatives, but various difficulties have been encountered. This study aimed to develop a reliable, fast and cost-effective method for the analysis and measurement of methylarginine derivatives (ADMA, SDMA, L-NMMA) and related metabolites (arginine, citrulline, homoarginine, ornithine), and to validate this method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) protocols. Methods For the analysis of ADMA, SDMA, L-NMMA, arginine, homoarginine, citrulline, ornithine, 200 µl of serum were precipitated with methanol, and subsequently derivatized with a butanol solution containing 5% acetyl chloride. Butyl derivatives were separated using a C18 reverse phase column with a 5 min run time. Detection of analytes was achieved by utilising the specific fragmentation patterns identified through tandem mass spectrometry. Results The method was linear for ADMA, SDMA, L-NMMA, ornithine, arginine, homoarginine and citrulline in the ranges of 0.023–6.0, 0.021–5.5, 0.019–5.0, 0.015–250, 0.015–250, 0.019–5 and 0.015–250 µM, respectively. The inter-assay CV% values for all analytes was less than 9.8%. Conclusions Data obtained from method validation studies shows that the developed method is highly sensitive, precise and accurate. Short analysis time, cost-effectiveness, and multiplexed analysis of these metabolites, with the same pretreatment steps, are the main advantages of the method.
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Key Words
- ADMA
- ADMA, asymmetric dimethyl arginine
- CE, capillary electrophoresis
- CE, collision energy
- CLSI, The Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute
- CXP, collision cell exit potential
- DDAH, dimethylaminohydrolase
- DP, declustering potential
- EP, enterance potential
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- GC–MS, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
- HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography
- L-NMMA, L-N monomethyl arginine
- LC-MS, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
- LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry
- MRM, multiple reaction monitoring
- Methylarginines
- NO, nitric oxide
- NOS, nitric oxide synthase
- PRMTs, protein arginine methyltransferases
- SDMA, symmetric dimethyl arginine
- Tandem mass spectrometry
- Validation
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Eryavuz Onmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sedat Abusoglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Havva Yaglioglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gulsum Abusoglu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Selcuk University Vocational School of Health, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ali Unlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
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Sotgia S, Berlinguer F, Porcu C, Pasciu V, Molle G, Dattena M, Gallus M, Bassu S, Mangoni AA, Carru C, Zinellu A. Plasma homoarginine concentrations in ewe's pregnancy and association with the number of fetuses. Res Vet Sci 2021; 144:175-180. [PMID: 34823870 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A striking increase in homoarginine concentrations, about more than 100-fold that observed in humans, was recently reported during pregnancy in a nutritionally induced model of intra-uterine growth restriction in ewes. To determine whether this phenomenon is at least partially related to the nutritional regimen, estrus synchronization, or analytical method, thirty-four one-year-old primiparous, non-synchronized, and well-fed Sarda breed ewes were exposed to fertile rams allowing those who came into estrus to naturally mate. Plasma arginine, homoarginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine, symmetric dimethylarginine, mono methylarginine, and citrulline concentrations were measured in each sample using LC-MS/MS. Homoarginine concentrations showed a 44-fold variation between the highest and the lowest values while the fluctuations of arginine and its analogues and metabolites were much smaller, between 1.1 and 1.6-fold. Repeated-measures correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between homoarginine/arginine and arginine/asymmetric dimethylarginine ratios (Rm = -0.40; P < 0.000001). Furthermore, median homoarginine concentrations significantly increased with the number of fetuses. The marked increase in homoarginine concentrations with advancing gestational age is genuine and independent of mating, feeding, diet, and hormone treatment. The higher homoarginine concentrations found in ewes bearing multiple fetuses suggest the presence of a physiological link between this arginine analog and energy metabolism in pregnancy that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Sotgia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
| | | | - Christian Porcu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Valeria Pasciu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Stefania Bassu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Arduino A Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Tůma P, Sommerová B, Koval D, Couderc F. Electrophoretic Determination of Symmetric and Asymmetric Dimethylarginine in Human Blood Plasma with Whole Capillary Sample Injection. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2970. [PMID: 33804011 PMCID: PMC7998904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginines are toxic non-coded amino acids. They are formed by post-translational modifications and play multifunctional roles in some human diseases. Their determination in human blood plasma is performed using capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection. The separations are performed in a capillary covered with covalently bonded PAMAPTAC polymer, which generates anionic electroosmotic flow and the separation takes place in the counter-current regime. The background electrolyte is a 750 mM aqueous solution of acetic acid with pH 2.45. The plasma samples for analysis are treated by the addition of acetonitrile and injected into the capillary in a large volume, reaching 94.5% of the total volume of the capillary, and subsequently subjected to electrophoretic stacking. The attained LODs are 16 nm for ADMA and 22 nM for SDMA. The electrophoretic resolution of both isomers has a value of 5.3. The developed method is sufficiently sensitive for the determination of plasmatic levels of ADMA and SDMA. The determination does not require derivatization and the individual steps in the electrophoretic stacking are fully automated. The determined plasmatic levels for healthy individuals vary in the range 0.36-0.62 µM for ADMA and 0.32-0.70 µM for SDMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Tůma
- Department of Hygiene, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic;
| | - Blanka Sommerová
- Department of Hygiene, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic;
| | - Dušan Koval
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo n. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
| | - François Couderc
- Laboratoire des IMRCP UMR 5623, University Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France;
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Campesi I, Montella A, Sotgiu G, Dore S, Carru C, Zinellu A, Palermo M, Franconi F. Combined oral contraceptives modify the effect of smoking on inflammatory cellular indexes and endothelial function in healthy subjects. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 891:173762. [PMID: 33253680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Little information is available on the influence of sex in combination with smoking habits and combined oral contraceptives (COC) use on cellular inflammatory indexes such as neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NRL (dNLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), mean platelet volume/platelet count (MPV/PLT), aggregate inflammation systemic index (AISI), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), which are cost-effective biomarkers to assessing inflammation. Therefore, the effect of COC was studied alone or in association with smoking and compared with results from healthy COC-free women and men. Furthermore, the association of cellular inflammatory indexes with endothelial function (arginine (Arg), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde MDA) biomarkers was evaluated. Blood was collected for hematological and biochemical analysis, which were used to calculate PLR, NLR, dNLR, MLR, MPV/PLT, AISI, and SIRI. Serum samples were assayed for Arg, ADMA, SDMA, and MDA. Monocytes, MLR, SIRI, and MPV/PLT were higher in men, while PLT count was higher in women. COC use increased lymphocytes and lowered PLR and MLR. Smoking reduced sexually divergent parameters, especially in COC users: smoking and non-smoking COC-free women displayed six divergent parameters, while COC users displayed only two (monocytes and MPV). In addition, COC affected endothelial function, reducing ADMA and Arg. Moreover, COC-free women had lower Arg levels than men. In conclusion, COC use strongly influence the effects of tobacco smoking, which are sex and parameter specific. Further, these data stress that COC use and smoking attitude select different cohorts indicating that sex and gender studies need intersectionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Campesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy; Laboratorio Nazionale di Farmacologia e Medicina di Genere, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture Biosistemi, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Andrea Montella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy; Unità Operativa di Genetica e Biologia Dello Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Chirurgiche e Sperimentali, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Simone Dore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Chirurgiche e Sperimentali, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Mario Palermo
- Unità Operativa di Endocrinologia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Flavia Franconi
- Laboratorio Nazionale di Farmacologia e Medicina di Genere, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture Biosistemi, 07100, Sassari, Italy
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Effects of Pirfenidone and Nintedanib on Markers of Systemic Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Preliminary Report. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111064. [PMID: 33143144 PMCID: PMC7692317 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: In vitro evidence suggests that pirfenidone and nintedanib, approved agents for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. We aimed to investigate such effects in vivo in IPF patients. Methods: Systemic circulating markers of oxidative stress [nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), thiobarbituric acid- reactive substances (TBARS), homocysteine (Hcy), cysteine (Cys), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and ADMA/Arginine ratio, glutathione (GSH), plasma protein –SH (PSH), and taurine (Tau)] and inflammation [Kynurenine (Kyn), Tryptophan (Trp) and Kyn/Trp ratio] were measured at baseline and after 24-week treatment in 18 IPF patients (10 treated with pirfenidone and 8 with nintedanib) and in 18 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Results: Compared to controls, IPF patients had significantly lower concentrations of reduced blood GSH (457 ± 73 µmol/L vs 880 ± 212 µmol/L, p < 0.001) and plasma PSH (4.24 ± 0.95 µmol/g prot vs 5.28 ± 1.35 µmol/g prot, p = 0.012). Pirfenidone treatment significantly decreased the Kyn/Trp ratio (0.030 ± 0.011 baseline vs 0.025 ± 0.010 post-treatment, p = 0.048) whilst nintedanib treatment significantly increased blood GSH (486 ± 70 μmol/L vs 723 ± 194 μmol/L, p = 0.006) and reduced ADMA concentrations (0.501 ± 0.094 vs. 0.468 ± 0.071 μmol/L, p = 0.024). Conclusion: pirfenidone and nintedanib exert beneficial effects on specific markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in IPF patients.
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Circulating Concentrations of Key Regulators of Nitric Oxide Production in Undernourished Sheep Carrying Single and Multiple Fetuses. Animals (Basel) 2019; 10:ani10010065. [PMID: 31905930 PMCID: PMC7023428 DOI: 10.3390/ani10010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study aimed to determine the blood concentrations of L-arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), and L-homoarginine, modulating nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, in single, twin. and triplet pregnancies in ewes undergoing either dietary energy restriction or receiving 100% of their energy requirements. Blood concentrations of L-arginine, of its metabolites. and the ratio between NO synthesis boosters and inhibitors are altered in energy-restricted ewes, these alterations being higher in ewes carrying multiple fetuses. Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the blood concentrations of L-arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), and L-homoarginine, which are regulators of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, in single, twin, and triplet pregnancies in ewes undergoing either a dietary energy restriction or receiving 100% of their energy requirements. From day 24 to 100 of pregnancy, the ewes were fed ryegrass hay and two different iso-proteic concentrates fulfilling either 100% of ewes’ energy requirements (control group; n = 30, 14 singleton pregnancies, 12 twin pregnancies, and 4 triplet pregnancies) or only 45% (feed-restricted group; n = 29; 11 singleton pregnancies, 15 twin pregnancies, and 3 triplet pregnancies). Blood samples were collected monthly to measure, by capillary electrophoresis, the circulating concentrations of arginine, ADMA, homoarginine, SDMA, and of other amino acids not involved in NO synthesis to rule out possible direct effects of diet restriction on their concentrations. No differences between groups were observed in the circulating concentrations of most of the amino acids investigated. L-homoarginine increased markedly in both groups during pregnancy (p < 0.001). SDMA (p < 0.01), L-arginine, and ADMA concentrations were higher in feed-restricted ewes than in controls. The L-arginine/ADMA ratio, an indicator of NO production by NOS, decreased towards term without differences between groups. The ADMA/SDMA ratio, an index of the ADMA degrading enzyme activity, was higher in controls than in feed-restricted ewes (p < 0.001). Obtained results show that circulating concentrations of L-arginine, of its metabolites, and the ratio between NO synthesis boosters and inhibitors are altered in energy-restricted ewes, and that these alterations are more marked in ewes carrying multiple fetuses.
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Sitar ME. Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Its Relation As a Biomarker in Nephrologic Diseases. Biomark Insights 2016; 11:131-137. [PMID: 27980388 PMCID: PMC5144928 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s38434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is encouraging to observe that a search for publications on "asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA)" in PubMed, as updated on June 2016, yielded >2500 items, 24 years after a splendid paper published by Vallance et al in which the authors proposed that ADMA accumulation could be a cardiovascular risk factor in chronic kidney diseases. ADMA is the endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase and is related to endothelial dysfunction, which plays an important role in vascular damage elicited by various cardiometabolic risk factors. Although current knowledge suggests that ADMA has critical central roles in renal diseases, there are still unexplained details. The present article aims to provide a review on ADMA and its relation as a biomarker in nephrologic diseases. We aimed to systematize articles in which ADMA levels were assessed in order to clarify its role in many diseases and establish its reference values in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa E Sitar
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Maltepe University, Maltepe, Istanbul, Republic of Turkey
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Zinellu A, Sotgia S, Mangoni AA, Sotgiu E, Ena S, Satta AE, Carru C. Effect of cholesterol lowering treatment on plasma markers of endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 129:383-388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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11
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Zinellu A, Fois AG, Sotgia S, Sotgiu E, Zinellu E, Bifulco F, Mangoni AA, Pirina P, Carru C. Arginines Plasma Concentration and Oxidative Stress in Mild to Moderate COPD. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160237. [PMID: 27479314 PMCID: PMC4968788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elevated plasma concentrations of the endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) have been observed in respiratory conditions such as asthma and cystic fibrosis. Since oxidative stress has been shown to increase the activity of arginine methylating enzymes, hence increased ADMA synthesis, and to reduce ADMA degrading enzymes, hence increased ADMA concentrations, we assessed methylated arginines concentrations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a disease characterized by increased oxidative stress. Methods Plasma arginine, ADMA and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), oxidative stress markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS, and plasma proteins SH, PSH) and antioxidants (taurine and paraoxonase 1, PON1, activity) were measured in 43 COPD patients with mild (n = 29) or moderate (n = 14) disease and 43 age- and sex-matched controls. Results TBARS significantly increased with COPD presence and severity (median 2.93 vs 3.18 vs 3.64 μmol/L, respectively in controls, mild and moderate group, p<0.0001 by ANOVA) whereas PSH decreased (6.69±1.15 vs 6.04±0.85 vs 5.33±0.96 μmol/gr prot, p<0.0001 by ANOVA). Increased ADMA/arginine ratio, primarily due to reduced arginine concentrations, was also observed with COPD presence and severity (median 0.0067 vs 0.0075 vs 0.0100, p<0.0001 by ANOVA). In multiple logistic regression analysis, only TBARS (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.25–0.77; p = 0.0045) and ADMA/Arginine ratio (OR 1.72, 95% CI 2.27–13.05; p = 0.02) were independently associated with COPD severity. Conclusion COPD presence and severity are associated with increased oxidative stress and alterations in arginine metabolism. The reduced arginine concentrations in COPD may offer a new target for therapeutic interventions increasing arginine availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Sotgia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Sotgiu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Zinellu
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Fabiana Bifulco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Arduino A Mangoni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Pietro Pirina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Quality Control Unit, University Hospital Sassari (AOU), Sassari, Italy
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12
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Denoroy L, Parrot S. Analysis of Amino Acids and Related Compounds by Capillary Electrophoresis. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2016.1212378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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13
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Determination of Asymmetric and Symmetric Dimethylarginine in Serum from Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: UPLC-MS/MS versus ELISA. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8050149. [PMID: 27187471 PMCID: PMC4885064 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8050149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, and its structural isomer symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) are uremic toxins accumulating in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a robust UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of ADMA and SDMA in human serum. Chromatographic separation after butyl ester derivatization was achieved on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column, followed by tandem mass spectrometric detection. After validation, the applicability of the method was evaluated by the analysis of serum samples from 10 healthy controls and 77 CKD patients on hemodialysis (CKD5HD). Both ADMA (0.84 ± 0.19 µM vs. 0.52 ± 0.07 µM) and SDMA concentrations (2.06 ± 0.82 µM vs. 0.59 ± 0.13 µM) were significantly (p < 0.001) elevated in CKD5HD patients compared to healthy controls. In general, low degrees of protein binding were found for both ADMA and SDMA. In addition, an established commercially available ELISA kit was utilized on the same samples (n = 87) to compare values obtained both with ELISA and UPLC-MS/MS. Regression analysis between these two methods was significant (p < 0.0001) but moderate for both ADMA (R = 0.78) and SDMA (R = 0.72).
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14
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Campesi I, Occhioni S, Tonolo G, Cherchi S, Basili S, Carru C, Zinellu A, Franconi F. Ageing/Menopausal Status in Healthy Women and Ageing in Healthy Men Differently Affect Cardiometabolic Parameters. Int J Med Sci 2016; 13:124-32. [PMID: 26941571 PMCID: PMC4764779 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.14163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gender medicine requires a global analysis of an individual's life. Menopause and ageing induce variations of some cardiometabolic parameters, but, it is unknown if this occurs in a sex-specific manner. Here, some markers of oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction are analysed in men younger and older than 45 years and in pre- and postmenopausal women. METHODS Serum and plasma sample were assayed for TNF-α and IL-6, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyls and for methylated arginines using ELISA kits, colorimetric methods and capillary electrophoresis. RESULTS Before body weight correction, men overall had higher creatinine, red blood cells and haemoglobin and lower triglycerides than women. Men younger than 45 years had lower levels of TNF-α and malondialdehyde and higher levels of arginine than age-matched women, while postmenopausal women had higher IL-6 concentrations than men, and higher total cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine and IL-6 levels than younger women. Men younger than 45 years had lower total cholesterol and malondialdehyde than older men. After correction, some differences remained, others were amplified, others disappeared and some new differences emerged. Moreover, some parameters showed a correlation with age, and some of them correlated with each other as functions of ageing and ageing/menopausal status. CONCLUSIONS Ageing/menopausal status increased many more cardiovascular risk factors in women than ageing in men, confirming that postmenopausal women had increased vascular vulnerability and indicating the need of early cardiovascular prevention in women. Sex-gender differences are also influenced by body weight, indicating as a matter of debate whether body weight should be seen as a true confounder or as part of the causal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Campesi
- 1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- 2. National Laboratory of Gender Medicine of the National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Osilo, Italy
| | - Stefano Occhioni
- 1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Tonolo
- 3. SC Diabetologia Aziendale ASL 2 Olbia, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Olbia, Italy
| | - Sara Cherchi
- 1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- 3. SC Diabetologia Aziendale ASL 2 Olbia, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Olbia, Italy
| | - Stefania Basili
- 4. Department of internal medicine and medical specialties, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- 1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- 5. Quality Control Unit, Hospital University of Sassari (AOU), Sassari, Italy
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- 1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Flavia Franconi
- 1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- 6. Assessorato alle Politiche per la Persona of Basilicata Region, Italy
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15
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Napoli Z, Seghieri G, Bianchi L, Anichini R, De Bellis A, Campesi I, Carru C, Occhioni S, Zinellu A, Franconi F. Taurine Transporter Gene Expression in Mononuclear Blood Cells of Type 1 Diabetes Patients. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:7313162. [PMID: 26955642 PMCID: PMC4756203 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7313162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taurine transporter gene expression (RNA-TauT) has a role in retinal cell function and is modulated in vitro and in vivo by hyperglycemia and/or oxidative stress. This study was aimed at testing whether RNA-TauT gene expression is modified in blood mononuclear peripheral cells (MPCs) of type 1 diabetic patients, is related to plasma markers of oxidative stress or endothelial dysfunction, or, finally, is related to presence of retinopathy. METHODS RNA-TauT was measured in MPCs by real-time PCR-analysis in 35 type 1 diabetic patients and in 33 age- and sex-matched controls, additionally measuring plasma and cell taurine and markers of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. RESULTS RNA-TauT, expressed as 2(-ΔΔCt), was significantly higher in MPCs of type 1 diabetic patients than in controls [median (interquartile range): 1.32(0.31) versus 1.00(0.15); P = 0.01]. In diabetic patients RNA-TauT was related to HbA1c (r = 0.42; P = 0.01) and inversely to plasma homocysteine (r = -0.39; P = 0.02) being additionally significantly higher in MPCs of patients without retinopathy [(n = 22); 1.36(0.34)] compared to those with retinopathy [(n = 13); 1.16(0.20)], independently from HbA1c or diabetes duration. CONCLUSIONS RNA-TauT gene expression is significantly upregulated in MPCs of type 1 diabetes patients and is related to HbA1c levels and inversely to plasma homocysteine. Finally, in diabetes patients, RNA-TauT upregulation seems to be blunted in patients with retinopathy independently of their metabolic control or longer diabetes duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaleida Napoli
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, S. Jacopo Hospital, 51100 Pistoia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Seghieri
- Agenzia Regionale Sanità, Toscana, Florence, Italy
- Accademia Medica Pistoiese F. Pacini, 51100 Pistoia, Italy
- *Giuseppe Seghieri:
| | - Loria Bianchi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, S. Jacopo Hospital, 51100 Pistoia, Italy
| | | | | | - Ilaria Campesi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefano Occhioni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Flavia Franconi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Lian DS, Zhao SJ. Highly sensitive analysis of nucleic acids using capillary gel electrophoresis with ultraviolet detection based on the combination of matrix field-amplified and head-column field-amplified stacking injection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 978-979:29-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Progress in stacking techniques based on field amplification of capillary electrophoresis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:6129-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Forteschi M, Sotgia S, Pintus G, Zinellu A, Carru C. Simultaneous determination of citrulline and arginine in human blood plasma by capillary electrophoresis with ultraviolet absorption detection. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:2418-23. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Forteschi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Sassari; Italy
| | | | | | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Sassari; Italy
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Sassari; Italy
- Quality Control Unit; Hospital University of Sassari (AOU); Sassari Italy
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Nonaka S, Sekine M, Tsunoda M, Ozeki Y, Fujii K, Akiyama K, Shimoda K, Furuchi T, Katane M, Saitoh Y, Homma H. Simultaneous determination of N
G
-monomethyl-l
-arginine, N
G
,N
G
-dimethyl-l
-arginine, N
G
,N
G′
-dimethyl-l
-arginine, and l
-arginine using monolithic silica disk-packed spin columns and a monolithic silica column. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:2087-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Nonaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences; Kitasato University; Tokyo Japan
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development; Tokyo Laboratories; Tokyo Japan
| | - Masae Sekine
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences; Kitasato University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Makoto Tsunoda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuji Ozeki
- Department of Psychiatry; Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine; Tochigi Japan
| | - Kumiko Fujii
- Department of Psychiatry; Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine; Tochigi Japan
| | - Kazufumi Akiyama
- Department of Biological Psychiatry and Neuroscience; Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine; Tochigi Japan
| | - Kazutaka Shimoda
- Department of Psychiatry; Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine; Tochigi Japan
| | - Takemitsu Furuchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences; Kitasato University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Masumi Katane
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences; Kitasato University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasuaki Saitoh
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences; Kitasato University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroshi Homma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences; Kitasato University; Tokyo Japan
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20
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Savu O, Iosif L, Bradescu OM, Serafinceanu C, Papacocea R, Stoian I. L-arginine catabolism is driven mainly towards nitric oxide synthesis in the erythrocytes of patients with type 2 diabetes at first clinical onset. Ann Clin Biochem 2014; 52:135-43. [PMID: 24675988 DOI: 10.1177/0004563214531739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the l-arginine (l-Arg)-nitric oxide (NO) metabolic pathway in the erythrocytes (RBCs) and plasma of subjects with type 2 diabetes at first clinical onset. METHODS RBCs and plasma were collected from 26 patients with type 2 diabetes at first clinical onset and 19 age-matched non-diabetes subjects as controls. l-Arg content was assayed by capillary electrophoresis. We measured arginase activity and nitrate/nitrite concentrations by spectrophotometry, and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) by standardized immunoturbidimetry. RESULTS We found that, when compared with controls, l-Arg content was similar in RBCs while decreased in the plasma of patients with type 2 diabetes. Interestingly, arginase activity was lower in RBCs and increased in plasma of patients with diabetes. NO production was higher in RBCs in patients with type 2 diabetes, while no difference was found in the plasma of our subjects. CONCLUSIONS l-Arg catabolism is driven mainly towards NO synthesis in RBCs of patients with type 2 diabetes at first clinical onset. The decreased RBC arginase activity could be considered a potential mechanism of increased RBC NO production in early diabetes. Therefore, the RBC pool would represent a potentially compensatory intravascular compartment for endothelial dysfunction in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavian Savu
- National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases 'N.C. Paulescu', Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Ovidiu Marius Bradescu
- National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases 'N.C. Paulescu', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Serafinceanu
- National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases 'N.C. Paulescu', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Papacocea
- Physiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Carol Davila', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Stoian
- R&D Irist Labmed SRL, Bucharest, Romania Biochemistry Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Carol Davila', Bucharest, Romania
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Kitagawa F, Otsuka K. Recent applications of on-line sample preconcentration techniques in capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1335:43-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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22
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Kleparnik M, Tomandlova M, Glatz Z, Tomandl J. Determination of asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginines in human plasma by HPLC with electrochemical detection. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:3696-701. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kleparnik
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine; Masaryk University; Kamenice Brno Czech Republic
| | - Marie Tomandlova
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine; Masaryk University; Kamenice Brno Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Glatz
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science and CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology; Masaryk University; Kamenice Brno Czech Republic
| | - Josef Tomandl
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine; Masaryk University; Kamenice Brno Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science and CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology; Masaryk University; Kamenice Brno Czech Republic
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23
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Gamal-Eldin MA, Macartney DH. Selective molecular recognition of methylated lysines and arginines by cucurbit[6]uril and cucurbit[7]uril in aqueous solution. Org Biomol Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob27007b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Šlampová A, Malá Z, Pantůčková P, Gebauer P, Boček P. Contemporary sample stacking in analytical electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2012; 34:3-18. [PMID: 23161176 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sample stacking is a term denoting a multifarious class of methods and their names that are used daily in CE for online concentration of diluted samples to enhance separation efficiency and sensitivity of analyses. The essence of these methods is that analytes present at low concentrations in a large injected sample zone are concentrated into a short and sharp zone (stack) in the separation capillary. Then the stacked analytes are separated and detected. Regardless of the diversity of the stacking electromigration methods, one can distinguish four main principles that form the bases of nearly all of them: (i) Kohlrausch adjustment of concentrations, (ii) pH step, (iii) micellar methods, and (iv) transient ITP. This contribution is a continuation of our previous reviews on the topic and brings an overview of papers published during 2010-2012 and relevant to the mentioned principles (except the last one which is covered by another review in this issue).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Šlampová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
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Wen Y, Li J, Ma J, Chen L. Recent advances in enrichment techniques for trace analysis in capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:2933-52. [PMID: 23019127 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
CE is gaining great popularity as a well-established separation technique for many fields such as pharmaceutical research, clinical application, environmental monitoring, and food analysis, owing to its high resolving power, rapidity, and small amount of samples and reagents required. However, the sensitivity in CE analysis is still considered as being inferior to that in HPLC analysis. Diverse enrichment methods and techniques have been increasingly developed for overcoming this issue. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in enrichment techniques containing off-line preconcentration (sample preparation) and on-line concentration (sample stacking) to enhancing sensitivity in CE for trace analysis over the last 5 years. Some relatively new cleanup and preconcentration methods involving the use of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, supercritical fluid extraction, matrix solid-phase dispersion, etc., and the continued use and improvement of conventional SPE, have been comprehensively reviewed and proved effective preconcentration alternatives for liquid, semisolid, and solid samples. As for CE on-line stacking, we give an overview of field amplication, sweeping, pH regulation, and transient isotachophoresis, and the coupling of multiple modes. Moreover, some limitations and comparisons related to such methods/techniques are also discussed. Finally, the combined use of various enrichment techniques and some significant attempts are proposed to further promote analytical merits in CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wen
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research-YIC, Chinese Academy of Sciences-CAS, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, P. R. China
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Qian JX, Chen ZG. A novel electromagnetic induction detector with a coaxial coil for capillary electrophoresis. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2011.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Quirino JP, Aranas AT. Micelle to solvent stacking of organic cations in micellar electrokinetic chromatography with sodium dodecyl sulfate. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:7377-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 07/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Zinellu A, Sotgia S, Campesi I, Franconi F, Deiana L, Carru C. Measurement of carnosine, homocarnosine and anserine by FASI capillary electrophoresis UV detection: Applications on biological samples. Talanta 2011; 84:931-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Revised: 02/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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