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Feng Y, Gao F, Yi X, La M. Optical Bioassays Based on the Signal Amplification of Redox Cycling. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:269. [PMID: 38920573 PMCID: PMC11201508 DOI: 10.3390/bios14060269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Optical bioassays are challenged by the growing requirements of sensitivity and simplicity. Recent developments in the combination of redox cycling with different optical methods for signal amplification have proven to have tremendous potential for improving analytical performances. In this review, we summarized the advances in optical bioassays based on the signal amplification of redox cycling, including colorimetry, fluorescence, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, chemiluminescence, and electrochemiluminescence. Furthermore, this review highlighted the general principles to effectively couple redox cycling with optical bioassays, and particular attention was focused on current challenges and future opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Feng
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China;
| | - Fengli Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Xinyao Yi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Ming La
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China;
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2
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A Comparative Study on the Reduction Modes for Quinone to Determine Ubiquinone by HPLC with Luminol Chemiluminescence Detection Based on the Redox Reaction. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010096. [PMID: 36615292 PMCID: PMC9822024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquinone (UQ) is considered one of the important biologically active molecules in the human body. Ubiquinone determination in human plasma is important for the investigation of its bioavailability, and also its plasma level is considered an indicator of many illnesses. We have previously developed sensitive and selective chemiluminescence (CL) method for the determination of UQ in human plasma based on its redox cycle with dithiothreitol (DTT) and luminol. However, this method requires an additional pump to deliver DTT as a post-column reagent and has the problems of high DTT consumption and broadening of the UQ peak due to online mixing with DTT. Herein, an HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) system equipped with two types of online reduction systems (electrolytic flow cell or platinum catalyst-packed reduction column) that play the role of DTT was constructed to reduce reagent consumption and simplify the system. The newly proposed two methods were carefully optimized and validated, and the analytical performance for UQ determination was compared with that of the conventional DTT method. Among the tested systems, the electrolytic reduction system showed ten times higher sensitivity than the DTT method, with a limit of detection of 3.1 nM. In addition, it showed a better chromatographic performance and the best peak shape with a number of theoretical plates exceeding 6500. Consequently, it was applied to the determination of UQ in healthy human plasma, and it showed good recovery (≥97.9%) and reliable precision (≤6.8%) without any interference from plasma components.
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3
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Meinitzer A, Enko D, Zelzer S, Prüller F, Alonso N, Fritz-Petrin E, Herrmann M. Development of a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method for the determination of vitamin K1, menaquinone-4, menaquinone-7 and vitamin K1-2,3 epoxide in serum of individuals without vitamin K supplements. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 60:1011-1019. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Vitamin K and metabolites have a beneficial role in blood coagulation, bone metabolism and growth. However, the determination of vitamin K concentrations in the blood in patients consuming a diet with naturally occurring vitamin K is currently challenging. We aim to develop a cost-effective and rapid method to measure vitamin K metabolites with potential application for clinics and research.
Methods
We developed a simple liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of vitamin K1, menaquinone-4 (MK-4), menaquinone-7 (MK-7) and vitamin K1-2,3 epoxide in human serum and validated the method in a study cohort of 162 patients tested for carbohydrate malabsorption and in 20 patients with oral phenprocoumon intake.
Results
The overall precision (CVs) ranged between 4.8 and 17.7% in the specified working range (0.06–9.0 nmol/L for all analytes except for MK-7 with 0.04–6.16 nmol/L). In the malabsorption cohort samples, measured values were obtained for all different vitamin K metabolites except for vitamin K1-2,3 epoxide. This metabolite could be detected only in patients with phenprocoumon intake. The good performance of the method is especially achieved by the interaction of three factors: the use of lipase in the sample preparation, the use of an atypical fluorinated reversed phase column, and a logarithmic methanol gradient.
Conclusions
The described method is able to determine the concentration of four vitamin K metabolites in a time-efficient, simple and cost-effective manner. It can be suitable for both routine clinics and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Meinitzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - Dietmar Enko
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital Hochsteiermark , Leoben , Austria
| | - Sieglinde Zelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - Florian Prüller
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - Nerea Alonso
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - Eva Fritz-Petrin
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria
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4
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Fuchs P, Bohle F, Lichtenauer S, Ugalde JM, Feitosa Araujo E, Mansuroglu B, Ruberti C, Wagner S, Müller-Schüssele SJ, Meyer AJ, Schwarzländer M. Reductive stress triggers ANAC017-mediated retrograde signaling to safeguard the endoplasmic reticulum by boosting mitochondrial respiratory capacity. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:1375-1395. [PMID: 35078237 PMCID: PMC9125394 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Redox processes are at the heart of universal life processes, such as metabolism, signaling, or folding of secreted proteins. Redox landscapes differ between cell compartments and are strictly controlled to tolerate changing conditions and to avoid cell dysfunction. While a sophisticated antioxidant network counteracts oxidative stress, our understanding of reductive stress responses remains fragmentary. Here, we observed root growth impairment in Arabidopsis thaliana mutants of mitochondrial alternative oxidase 1a (aox1a) in response to the model thiol reductant dithiothreitol (DTT). Mutants of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (ucp1) displayed a similar phenotype indicating that impaired respiratory flexibility led to hypersensitivity. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was enhanced in the mitochondrial mutants and limiting ER oxidoreductin capacity in the aox1a background led to synergistic root growth impairment by DTT, indicating that mitochondrial respiration alleviates reductive ER stress. The observations that DTT triggered nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) reduction in vivo and that the presence of thiols led to electron transport chain activity in isolated mitochondria offer a biochemical framework of mitochondrion-mediated alleviation of thiol-mediated reductive stress. Ablation of transcription factor Arabidopsis NAC domain-containing protein17 (ANAC017) impaired the induction of AOX1a expression by DTT and led to DTT hypersensitivity, revealing that reductive stress tolerance is achieved by adjusting mitochondrial respiratory capacity via retrograde signaling. Our data reveal an unexpected role for mitochondrial respiratory flexibility and retrograde signaling in reductive stress tolerance involving inter-organelle redox crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Elias Feitosa Araujo
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48143 Münster, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Andreas J Meyer
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
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Fukuda M, Kishikawa N, Samemoto T, Ohta K, Ohyama K, El-Maghrabey MH, Ikemoto K, Kuroda N. Determination Method for Pyrroloquinoline Quinone in Food Products by HPLC-UV Detection Using a Redox-Based Colorimetric Reaction. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:32-36. [PMID: 34980730 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have developed an HPLC-UV method for the determination of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), which utilizes a redox-based colorimetric reaction. In the proposed colorimetric reaction, the redox reaction between PQQ and dithiothreitol generates superoxide anion radicals that can convert 2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (INT) to formazan dye. After PQQ separation on an octadecyl silica column, it was mixed online with dithiothreitol and INT, and the formed formazan dye was monitored by absorbance at 490 nm. The detection limit (S/N = 3) of the proposed method was 7.6 nM (152 fmol/injection). The proposed method could selectively detect PQQ in food products without any clean-up procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuho Fukuda
- Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Naoya Kishikawa
- Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Taketo Samemoto
- Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Kaoru Ohta
- Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Kaname Ohyama
- Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Mahmoud Hamed El-Maghrabey
- Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University
| | - Kazuto Ikemoto
- Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc., Niigata Research Lab
| | - Naotaka Kuroda
- Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
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Kishikawa N, El-Maghrabey M, Nagamune Y, Nagai K, Ohyama K, Kuroda N. A Smart Advanced Chemiluminescence-Sensing Platform for Determination and Imaging of the Tissue Distribution of Natural Antioxidants. Anal Chem 2020; 92:6984-6992. [PMID: 32316724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidants have gained marked attention owing to their ability to prevent the oxidation of biological components and to protect the body from reactive oxygen species, thereby maintaining human health. Thus, antioxidant-rich dietary supplements and natural foods can be effective against oxidative stress and can even act as chemopreventive agents. Therefore, a simple and rapid assay for evaluation of antioxidant capacity and assessment of their distribution profile in natural sources is vital. Herein, we report a rapid, innovative chemiluminescence (CL) platform for evaluation and visualization of antioxidant capacity. We found that intense and long-lasting CL was formed upon the redox reaction of quinones, e.g., menadione, with antioxidants, e.g., l-ascorbic acid, in the presence of luminol. The produced CL intensities were proportional to the antioxidants' concentrations with a detection limit of 0.18 μM for the model antioxidant, l-ascorbic acid. As the formed CL was long-lasting, it could be easily captured and detected with a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. To evaluate the quantification ability of the CCD camera, we developed a smart and fast microplate-based assay based on photographing the generated CL with a cooled CCD camera. The photographed CL intensities were linearly proportional with the antioxidant concentrations, and then the method was applied for photographing multiple food sample extracts. Ultimately, we utilized our method for the distribution profiling of antioxidant capacity in food cut sections. Samples were dipped in luminol and then in quinone, followed by CCD camera photography, without the need for any pulverization/extraction procedure, giving precise antioxidant distribution information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kishikawa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry for Pharmaceuticals, Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Mahmoud El-Maghrabey
- Department of Analytical Chemistry for Pharmaceuticals, Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Yuusuke Nagamune
- Department of Analytical Chemistry for Pharmaceuticals, Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Kaishu Nagai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Kaname Ohyama
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto-machi, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Naotaka Kuroda
- Department of Analytical Chemistry for Pharmaceuticals, Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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7
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Fukuda M, Qianjun L, Kishikawa N, Ohyama K, Kuroda N. Development of ultrafast colorimetric microplate assay method for ubiquinone utilizing the redox cycle of the quinone. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pandey R, Riley CL, Mills EM, Tiziani S. Highly sensitive and selective determination of redox states of coenzymes Q 9 and Q 10 in mice tissues: Application of orbitrap mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1011:68-76. [PMID: 29475487 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a redox active molecule that plays a fundamental role in mitochondrial energy generation and functions as a potent endogenous antioxidant. Redox ratio of CoQ has been suggested as a good marker of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Nevertheless, simultaneous measurement of redox states of CoQ is challenging owing to its hydrophobicity and instability of the reduced form. In order to improve the analytical methodology, paying special attention to this instability, we developed a highly sensitive and selective high-resolution/accurate-mass (HR/AM) UHPLC-MS/MS method for the rapid determination of redox states of CoQ9 and CoQ10 by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry. CoQs were extracted using hexane with the addition of butylated hydroxytoluene to limit oxidation during sample preparation. Chromatographic separation of the analytes was achieved on a Kinetex C18 column with the isocratic elution of 5 mM ammonium formate in 2-propanol/methanol (60:40) within 4 min. A full MS/all ion fragmentation (AIF) acquisition mode with mass accuracy < 5 ppm was used for detection and determination of redox states of CoQ9 and CoQ10 in healthy mice tissues using reduced and oxidized CoQ4 as internal standards. The validated method showed good linearity (r2 ≥ 0.9991), intraday, inter-day precision (CVs ≤ 11.9%) and accuracy (RE ≤±15.2%). In contrast to existing methods, the current method offers enhanced sensitivity (up to 52 fold) with LOD and LOQ ranged from 0.01 to 0.49 ng mL-1 and 0.04-1.48 ng mL-1, respectively. Moreover, we evaluated various diluents to investigate bench top stability (at 4 °C) of targeted analytes in tissue samples during LC-MS assay up to 24 h. Ethanol was determined to be an optimum diluent without any significant oxidation of reduced CoQ up to 24 h. The developed method offers a rapid, highly sensitive and selective strategy for the measurement of redox states of CoQs in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Pandey
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Christopher L Riley
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Edward M Mills
- Division of Pharmacy and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Stefano Tiziani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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9
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Fukuda M, El-Maghrabey MH, Kishikawa N, Ikemoto K, Kuroda N. Ultrasensitive determination of pyrroloquinoline quinone in human plasma by HPLC with chemiluminescence detection using the redox cycle of quinone. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 145:814-820. [PMID: 28826139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A fast, accurate, and ultrasensitive high-performance liquid chromatography method with chemiluminescence detection (HPLC-CL) was optimized and validated for the determination of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) concentration in human plasma following solid-phase extraction (SPE). This method is based on the redox cycle of the reaction between PQQ and dithiothreitol, which generates reactive oxygen species that can be detected using luminol as a CL probe. The isocratic HPLC system comprised an ODS column and 4.0mM tetra-n-butylammonium bromide in Tris-HNO3 buffer (pH 8.8; 50mM)-acetonitrile (7:3, v/v) as mobile phase. A novel, rapid, and simple SPE method was also developed providing excellent %recovery (≥95.2%) for PQQ from human plasma samples. The proposed method was linear over the range of 4.0-400nmol/L plasma of PQQ with a lower detection limit (S/N=3) of 1.08 nmol/L plasma (0.27nM). The method was successfully implemented to determine PQQ concentration in the plasma of healthy individuals after administration of PQQ supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuho Fukuda
- Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Mahmoud H El-Maghrabey
- Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Naoya Kishikawa
- Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | | | - Naotaka Kuroda
- Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
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11
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Kishikawa N, Kuroda N. [Chemiluminescence assay for the investigation of reactive oxygen species generator]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2015; 135:191-6. [PMID: 25747212 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.14-00213-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Quinones play critical roles in biological systems, but are also regarded as a class of toxins that can cause oxidative stress in living cells, and the involvement of quinone-based reactive oxygen species in oxidative stress has been reported. In biological systems, quinones are reduced to semiquinone radicals by the enzyme NADPH:quinone reductase. Next, semiquinone radicals react with dissolved oxygen to form superoxide anion, which reacts with biological molecules to cause oxidative stress. On the other hand, chemiluminescence reagents such as luminol can emit chemiluminescence after oxidation by reactive oxygen species. Therefore, chemiluminescence reagents have been used widely to investigate reactive oxygen species. We have developed a sensitive and selective assay for quantifying quinones using luminol chemiluminescence. This chemiluminescence assay is based on the generation of reactive oxygen species through the redox reaction between quinone and dithiothreitol, a reductant, followed by detection of the generated reactive oxygen by luminol. Additionally, this assay can be used to quantify the toxic herbicide, paraquat, which produces reactive oxygen species in the same manner as quinones. This review describes the development of a sensitive and selective chemiluminescence assay for investigating quinones and paraquat by utilizing their ability to generate reactive oxygen species.
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Liu Y, Kim E, White IM, Bentley WE, Payne GF. Information processing through a bio-based redox capacitor: signatures for redox-cycling. Bioelectrochemistry 2014; 98:94-102. [PMID: 24769500 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Redox-cycling compounds can significantly impact biological systems and can be responsible for activities that range from pathogen virulence and contaminant toxicities, to therapeutic drug mechanisms. Current methods to identify redox-cycling activities rely on the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and employ enzymatic or chemical methods to detect ROS. Here, we couple the speed and sensitivity of electrochemistry with the molecular-electronic properties of a bio-based redox-capacitor to generate signatures of redox-cycling. The redox capacitor film is electrochemically-fabricated at the electrode surface and is composed of a polysaccharide hydrogel with grafted catechol moieties. This capacitor film is redox-active but non-conducting and can engage diffusible compounds in either oxidative or reductive redox-cycling. Using standard electrochemical mediators ferrocene dimethanol (Fc) and Ru(NH3)6Cl3 (Ru(3+)) as model redox-cyclers, we observed signal amplifications and rectifications that serve as signatures of redox-cycling. Three bio-relevant compounds were then probed for these signatures: (i) ascorbate, a redox-active compound that does not redox-cycle; (ii) pyocyanin, a virulence factor well-known for its reductive redox-cycling; and (iii) acetaminophen, an analgesic that oxidatively redox-cycles but also undergoes conjugation reactions. These studies demonstrate that the redox-capacitor can enlist the capabilities of electrochemistry to generate rapid and sensitive signatures of biologically-relevant chemical activities (i.e., redox-cycling).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Eunkyoung Kim
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Ian M White
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - William E Bentley
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Gregory F Payne
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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13
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Kishikawa N, Kuroda N. Analytical techniques for the determination of biologically active quinones in biological and environmental samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 87:261-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Kishikawa N, Higuchi S, Ohyama K, Nakashima K, Kuroda N. A simple and rapid chemiluminescence assay for on-site analysis of paraquat using a portable luminometer. Forensic Toxicol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-012-0175-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Turkowicz MJ, Karpińska J. Analytical problems with the determination of coenzyme Q10 in biological samples. Biofactors 2013; 39:176-85. [PMID: 23303649 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The article discusses analytical problems related to the determination of coenzyme Q10 in biological samples. The assaying of coenzyme Q10 in complex samples, such as plasma, tissues, or food items requires meticulous sample preparation prior to final quantification. The process typically consists of the following steps: deproteinization, extraction, and ultimately reduction of extract volumes. At times drying under a gentle stream of neutral gas is applied. In the case of solid samples, a careful homogenization is also required. Each step of the sample preparation process can be a source of analytical errors that may lead to inaccurate results. The main aim of this work is to point to sources of analytical errors in the preparation process and their relation to physicochemical properties of coenzyme Q10. The article also discusses ways of avoiding and reducing the errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Joanna Turkowicz
- Voivodship Sanitary-Epidemiological Station in Bialystok, Food Examination Unit, Białystok, Poland.
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Xiong X, Zhang Q, Nan Y, Gu X. One-step method for plasma determination of ibuprofen by chemiluminescence-coupled ultrafiltration and application in a pharmacokinetic study. LUMINESCENCE 2011; 27:371-8. [PMID: 21984391 DOI: 10.1002/bio.1360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2011] [Revised: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A simple one-step method is established for plasma determination of ibuprofen and its pharmacokinetic study. The method involves simple sample pre-treatment by dilution, rapid separation by ultrafiltration (UF) and online sensitive detection by chemiluminescence (CL) based on significant intensity enhancement of ibuprofen on the weak CL of potassium permanganate and sodium sulphite in an acidic system. The calibration curve for ibuprofen is linear in the range 0.1-50.0 µg/mL in rat plasma. Average recoveries of ibuprofen at 0.80, 12.0 and 40.0 µg/mL amounted to 98.0 ± 4.2%, 101.2 ± 3.6% and 99.3 ± 5.4%, respectively. Standard deviations of intra- and inter-day measurement precision and accuracy are within ±10.0%. The detection limit for ibuprofen is 10.0 µg/L in plasma samples. Pharmacokinetic study of ibuprofen by the validated method shows that the mean plasma drug concentration-time course confirms to a classical two-compartment open model with first-order absorption. The proposed method will be an alternative for pre-clinical pharmacokinetic study of ibuprofen and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunyu Xiong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065, China.
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