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Pobłocka-Olech L, Isidorov VA, Krauze-Baranowska M. Characterization of Secondary Metabolites of Leaf Buds from Some Species and Hybrids of Populus by Gas Chromatography Coupled with Mass Detection and Two-Dimensional High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography Methods with Assessment of Their Antioxidant Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3971. [PMID: 38612781 PMCID: PMC11011796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Poplars provide medicinal raw plant materials used in pharmacy. Leaf buds are one of the herbal medicinal products collected from poplars, having anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties, but there are no quality standards for their production and there is a need to determine their botanical sources. Therefore, the chemical compositions of the leaf buds from four species and varieties of poplars, Populus balsamifera, P. × berolinensis, P. × canadensis 'Marilandica', and P. wilsonii were investigated and compared using gas chromatography coupled with mass detection (GC-MS) and two-dimensional high-performance thin-layer chromatography (2D-HPTLC) in order to search for taxa characterized by a high content of biologically active compounds and with a diverse chemical composition that determines their therapeutic effects. The presence of 163 compounds belonging to the groups of flavonoids, phenolic acids derivatives, glycerides, and sesquiterpenes was revealed. Moreover, the conditions for the separation and identification of biologically active compounds occurring in analyzed leaf buds using 2D-HPTLC were optimized and used for metabolomic profiling of the studied poplars, enabling their fast and simple botanical identification. The total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents of examined extracts were determined and their antioxidant capacities were estimated by spectrophotometric DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Based on the analysis of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity, P. × berolinensis buds were selected as the raw plant material for medicinal purposes with the highest content of active compounds and the strongest antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretta Pobłocka-Olech
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Valery A. Isidorov
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Bialystok Technical University, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Mirosława Krauze-Baranowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland;
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Okińczyc P, Widelski J, Nowak K, Radwan S, Włodarczyk M, Kuś PM, Susniak K, Korona-Głowniak I. Phytochemical Profiles and Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Populus spp. Bud Extracts. Molecules 2024; 29:437. [PMID: 38257349 PMCID: PMC10819791 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Buds of poplar trees (Populus species) are often covered with sticky, usually polyphenol-rich, exudates. Moreover, accessible data showed that some Populus bud extracts may be excellent antibacterial agents, especially against Gram-positive bacteria. Due to the fragmentary nature of the data found, we conducted a systematic screening study. The antimicrobial activity of two extract types (semi-polar-ethanolic and polar-ethanolic-water (50/50; V/V)) from 27 bud samples of different poplar taxons were compared. Antimicrobial assays were performed against Gram-positive (five strains) and Gram-negative (six strains) bacteria as well as fungi (three strains) and covered the determination of minimal inhibitory, bactericidal, and fungicidal concentrations. The composition of extracts was later investigated by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection (UHPLC-DAD) and with electrospray-quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS). As a result, most of the extracts exhibited good (MIC ≤ 62.5 µg/mL) or moderate (62.5 < MIC ≤ 500 µg/mL) activity against Gram-positives and Helicobacter pylori, as well as fungi. The most active were ethanolic extracts from P. trichocarpa, P. trichocarpa clone 'Robusta', and P. tacamahaca × P. trichocarpa. The strongest activity was observed for P. tacamahaca × P. trichocarpa. Antibacterial activity was supposedly connected with the abundant presence of flavonoids (pinobanksin, pinobanksin 3-acetate, chrysin, pinocembrin, galangin, isosakuranetin dihydrochalcone, pinocembrin dihydrochalcone, and 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone), hydroxycinnamic acids monoesters (p-methoxycinnamic acid cinnamyl ester, caffeic acid phenethylate and different isomers of prenyl esters), and some minor components (balsacones).
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Okińczyc
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, PL-50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (M.W.); (P.M.K.)
| | - Jarosław Widelski
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, PL-20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kinga Nowak
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, PL-62-035 Kórnik, Poland;
| | - Sylwia Radwan
- Laboratory of Elemental Analysis and Structural Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, PL-50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Maciej Włodarczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, PL-50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (M.W.); (P.M.K.)
| | - Piotr Marek Kuś
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, PL-50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (M.W.); (P.M.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Susniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, PL-20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.S.); (I.K.-G.)
| | - Izabela Korona-Głowniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, PL-20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.S.); (I.K.-G.)
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Stanciu G, Aonofriesei F, Lupsor S, Oancea E, Mititelu M. Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Antibacterial Activity of Black Poplar Buds' Hydroalcoholic Macerates from Dobrogea Area. Molecules 2023; 28:4920. [PMID: 37446583 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Black poplar buds have high contents of many compounds with therapeutic potential, which are useful in cosmetics and the treatment of various dermatitis, respiratory diseases, etc. The aim of this study was to identify and exploit the local plant resources with biologically active properties from the Dobrogea area, Romania. For this purpose, materials were collected from the mentioned area, and macerates of black poplar were prepared in order to evaluate their qualities as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. Three different black poplar buds' hydroalcoholic macerates were analyzed by the Folin-Ciocâlteau method to estimate the total content of phenolic compounds, by the HPLC-DAD method for identification and quantification of the main bioactive compounds and by the DPPH radical scavenging method to evaluate the antioxidant activity. All hydroalcoholic macerates showed high concentrations of phenolic compounds, the main individual compounds being gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, cinnamic acid, and methyl gallic acid. The antioxidant activity of the black poplar buds' hydroalcoholic macerates, evaluated by the DPPH radical scavenging test, showed high values, between 496 and 1200 mg GAE /100 g d.w. The Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Pb concentrations released in dry poplar buds, determined by AAS, were below the detection limits. Hydroalcoholic macerates of black poplar were tested against two groups of gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus and Staphylococcus) using an agar well diffusion assay. The in vitro inhibitory activities of the macerates were important and ranged from 8.2-9.4 mm inhibition zones (Staphylococcus) to 8.6 -10 mm inhibition zones (Enterococcus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Stanciu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 4 Mamaia Blvd., Ovidius University of Constanta, 900527 Constanta, Romania
| | - Florin Aonofriesei
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences 1, Ovidius University of Constanta, University Street, 900527 Constanta, Romania
| | - Simona Lupsor
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 4 Mamaia Blvd., Ovidius University of Constanta, 900527 Constanta, Romania
| | - Elena Oancea
- S.C. Dan-Elis SRL, Product Manufacturing, 9 Dobrogei Street, 907285 Topraisar, Romania
| | - Magdalena Mititelu
- Clinical Laboratory and Food Hygiene Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
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Phytochemical Profile, Plant Precursors and Some Properties of Georgian Propolis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227714. [PMID: 36431810 PMCID: PMC9693290 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Propolis (bee glue) is a resinous substance produced by different species of bees i.a. from available plant resins, balsams, and exudates. It is characterized by significant biological activity (e.g., antimicrobial and antioxidant) and phytochemical diversity related to the available plant sources in specific geographical regions. The available scientific literature on propolis is quite extensive; however, there are only a few reports about propolis originating from Georgia. Therefore, our research was focused on the characterization of Georgian propolis in terms of phytochemical composition and antimicrobial/antioxidant activity. Performed research included UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS phytochemical profiling, determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content, antiradical and antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP assays) as well as antibacterial activity of propolis extracts obtained using 70% ethanol (70EE). Georgian propolis extracts exhibited strong activity against Gram-positive bacteria (22 mm-disc assay/64 µg/mL-MIC for S. aureus, sample from Imereti) and weaker against Gram-negative strains as well as strong antioxidant properties (up to 117.71 ± 1.04 mgGAE/g in DPPH assay, up to 16.83 ± 1.02 mmol Fe2+/g in FRAP assay for samples from Orgora and Qvakhreli, respectively). The phytochemical profile of Georgian propolis was characterized by the presence of flavonoids, free phenolic acids, and their esters. In most of the samples, flavonoids were the main chemical group (52 compounds), represented mainly by 3-O-pinobanksin acetate, pinocembrin, chrysin, galangin, and pinobanksin. The primary plant precursor of the Georgian bee glue is black poplar (Populus nigra L.) while the secondary is aspen poplar (P. tremula L.).
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Kis B, Pavel IZ, Avram S, Moaca EA, Herrero San Juan M, Schwiebs A, Radeke HH, Muntean D, Diaconeasa Z, Minda D, Oprean C, Bojin F, Dehelean CA, Soica C, Danciu C. Antimicrobial activity, in vitro anticancer effect (MCF-7 breast cancer cell line), antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory potentials of Populus nigra L. buds extract. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:74. [PMID: 35296309 PMCID: PMC8928639 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential, antimicrobial activity, the in vitro anticancer effect (tested on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line), as well as the antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory potential of Populus nigra L. bud (Pg) extract collected from the western part of Romania. RESULTS Populus nigra L. bud extract presents an important antioxidant activity, due to the rich phytochemical composition. Regarding the biological activity, results have shown that poplar bud extract presents a significant inhibitory activity against Gram-positive bacteria and a dose-dependent decrease of MCF-7 tumor cell viability with an IC50 of 66.26 μg/mL, while not affecting healthy cells. Phenomena of early apoptotic events at the maximum concentration tested (150 μg/mL) were detected by Annexin V-PI double staining. The extract induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest. In addition, Pg extract showed antiangiogenic potential on the chorioallantoic membrane. Also, at the highest concentration (150 μg/mL), good tolerability and no signs of toxicity upon vascular plexus were observed. Moreover, in low concentrations, the Pg extract had immunomodulatory activity on primary human dendritic cells by upregulating IL-12 and IL-23 subunits. CONCLUSION The study concludes that poplar bud extract elicited antioxidant activity, antitumor properties on the breast cancer cell line, followed by an antiangiogenic effect and an immunomodulatory potential on human primary dendritic cells. The biological activity of Populus nigra L. buds extract may open new directions of research on the topic addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitta Kis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Zinuca Pavel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania. .,Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania.
| | - Stefana Avram
- Department of Pharmacognosy, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania.,Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Elena Alina Moaca
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania.,Department of Toxicology, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Martina Herrero San Juan
- Pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital of the Goethe University, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Anja Schwiebs
- Pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital of the Goethe University, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Heinfried H Radeke
- Pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital of the Goethe University, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Delia Muntean
- Department of Microbiology, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania.
| | - Zorita Diaconeasa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Manastur, 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daliana Minda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania.,Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Camelia Oprean
- Department of Pharmacy I, Drug Analysis, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania.,"Pius Brinzeu" Timişoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oncogen Institute, 156 Liviu Rebreanu, 300723, Timişoara, Romania.,Advanced Instrumental Screening Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Florina Bojin
- "Pius Brinzeu" Timişoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oncogen Institute, 156 Liviu Rebreanu, 300723, Timişoara, Romania.,Department of Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania.,Department of Toxicology, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Codruta Soica
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Corina Danciu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania.,Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041, Timișoara, Romania
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Sanna C, Marengo A, Acquadro S, Caredda A, Lai R, Corona A, Tramontano E, Rubiolo P, Esposito F. In Vitro Anti-HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Properties of Punica granatum L. Leaves, Bark, and Peel Extracts and Their Main Compounds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2124. [PMID: 34685933 PMCID: PMC8539310 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In a search for natural compounds with anti-HIV-1 activity, we studied the effect of the ethanolic extract obtained from leaves, bark, and peels of Punica granatum L. for the inhibition of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT)-associated ribonuclease H (RNase H) and integrase (IN) LEDGF-dependent activities. The chemical analyses led to the detection of compounds belonging mainly to the phenolic and flavonoid chemical classes. Ellagic acid, flavones, and triterpenoid molecules were identified in leaves. The bark and peels were characterized by the presence of hydrolyzable tannins, such as punicalins and punicalagins, together with ellagic acid. Among the isolated compounds, the hydrolyzable tannins and ellagic acid showed a very high inhibition (IC50 values ranging from 0.12 to 1.4 µM and 0.065 to 0.09 µM of the RNase H and IN activities, respectively). Of the flavonoids, luteolin and apigenin were found to be able to inhibit RNase H and IN functions (IC50 values in the 3.7-22 μM range), whereas luteolin 7-O-glucoside showed selective activity for HIV-1 IN. In contrast, betulinic acid, ursolic acid, and oleanolic acid were selective for the HIV-1 RNase H activity. Our results strongly support the potential of non-edible P. granatum organs as a valuable source of anti-HIV-1 compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Sanna
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Arianna Marengo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (A.M.); (S.A.); (P.R.)
| | - Stefano Acquadro
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (A.M.); (S.A.); (P.R.)
| | - Alessia Caredda
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, ss554, km 4500, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.C.); (A.C.); (E.T.); (F.E.)
| | - Roberta Lai
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Angela Corona
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, ss554, km 4500, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.C.); (A.C.); (E.T.); (F.E.)
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, ss554, km 4500, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.C.); (A.C.); (E.T.); (F.E.)
| | - Patrizia Rubiolo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (A.M.); (S.A.); (P.R.)
| | - Francesca Esposito
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, ss554, km 4500, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.C.); (A.C.); (E.T.); (F.E.)
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Inorganic Element Determination of Romanian Populus nigra L. Buds Extract and In Vitro Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Evaluation on A549 Human Lung Cancer Cell Line. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13070986. [PMID: 34209959 PMCID: PMC8309149 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Populus nigra L. is a plant from Salicaceae family, native in Europe. Many parts of this tree can be used as active ingredients, but the most valuable are the buds. In recent years, a growing number of studies reported their activity in the development of a wide range of pharmacological activities including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical composition and to evaluate the inorganic elements’ concentration as well as the in vitro antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic potential of a Populus nigra L. buds extract collected from Timișoara (Romania) against A549 human lung cancer cell line. Populus nigra L. bud extract was found to contain twelve different phenolic compounds. The inorganic elements concentrations were below the limit of detection for Co, Pb, and As, whereas Cu = 6.66 µg/g; Cr = 0.79 µg/g; Ni = 3.28 µg/g; Fe = 39.00 µg/g; Zn = 14.84 µg/g; Mn = 0.59 µg/g; Al = 2109.87 µg/g; and Cd = 0.019 µg/g. The extract was tested for the in vitro antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic potential on A549 human lung cancer cell line using different concentrations, namely 10, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 150 μg/mL. Results have shown that poplar bud extract induced a significant decrease of tumor cell viability in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 = 72.49 μg/mL and blocked the cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Phenomena of early apoptosis (from 1.34 ± 0.33% control cells to 2.68 ± 0.62% at 150 µg/mL) and late apoptosis (from 1.43 ± 0.14% control cells to 5.15 ± 1.02% at 150 µg/mL) were detected by Annexin V-PI double staining. Poplar bud extract can be regarded as a promising candidate for future studies involving lung cancer.
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Extracts of Poplar Buds ( Populus balsamifera L., Populus nigra L.) and Lithuanian Propolis: Comparison of Their Composition and Biological Activities. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10050828. [PMID: 33919265 PMCID: PMC8143302 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Balsam poplar and black poplar (Populus balsamifera L. and Populus nigra L.) buds that grow in Lithuania are the primary source of propolis, therefore it is proper to evaluate and compare the composition of these raw plant materials and propolis quantitatively and qualitatively. Propolis and balsamic poplar bud extract are dominated by p-coumaric acid and black poplar-caffeic acid. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), FRAP (ferric-reducing antioxidant power) and CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) methods and all extracts showed antioxidant activity, and obtained results correlated with the obtained amounts of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the extracts. Studies of antimicrobial activity have shown that all extracts have a growth inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, but the extract of balsam poplar buds showed the most significant effect of such kind. Considering the results of the research, it can be stated that balsam poplar buds cultured in Lithuania are the primary raw material of propolis, which is rich in phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties and is a promising raw material for pharmaceutical purposes.
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Dezmirean DS, Paşca C, Moise AR, Bobiş O. Plant Sources Responsible for the Chemical Composition and Main Bioactive Properties of Poplar-Type Propolis. PLANTS 2020; 10:plants10010022. [PMID: 33374275 PMCID: PMC7823854 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Propolis is a resinous mixture, made by the honeybees from substances collected from tree or other plant buds, plant exudates, or resins found in the stem, branches, or leaves of different plants. The geographical origin of propolis is given by plant sources from respective areas. Different studies have classified this bee product according to the vegetal material from the same areas. Poplar-type propolis has the widest spread in the world, in the temperate zones from Europe, Asia, or North America. The name is given by the main plant source from where the bees are collecting the resins, although other vegetal sources are present in the mentioned areas. Different Pinus spp., Prunus spp., Acacia spp. and also Betula pendula, Aesculus hippocastanum, and Salix alba are important sources of resins for "poplar-type" propolis. The aim of this review is to identify the vegetal material's chemical composition and activities of plant resins and balms used by the bees to produce poplar-type propolis and to compare it with the final product from similar geographical regions. The relevance of this review is to find the similarities between the chemical composition and properties of plant sources and propolis. The latest determination methods of bioactive compounds from plants and propolis are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Severus Dezmirean
- Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.S.D.); (C.P.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Claudia Paşca
- Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.S.D.); (C.P.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Adela Ramona Moise
- Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.S.D.); (C.P.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Otilia Bobiş
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-746-027-940
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Acquadro S, Civra A, Cagliero C, Marengo A, Rittà M, Francese R, Sanna C, Bertea C, Sgorbini B, Lembo D, Donalisio M, Rubiolo P. Punica granatum Leaf Ethanolic Extract and Ellagic Acid as Inhibitors of Zika Virus Infection. PLANTA MEDICA 2020; 86:1363-1374. [PMID: 32937663 DOI: 10.1055/a-1232-5705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus, an arthropod-borne flavivirus, is an emerging healthcare threat worldwide. Zika virus is responsible for severe neurological effects, such as paralytic Guillain-Barrè syndrome, in adults, and also congenital malformations, especially microcephaly. No specific antiviral drugs and vaccines are currently available, and treatments are palliative, but medicinal plants show great potential as natural sources of anti-Zika phytochemicals. This study deals with the investigation of the composition, cytotoxicity, and anti-Zika activity of Punica granatum leaf ethanolic extract, fractions, and phytoconstituents. P. granatum leaves were collected from different areas in Italy and Greece in different seasons. Crude extracts were analyzed and fractionated, and the pure compounds were isolated. The phytochemical and biomolecular fingerprint of the pomegranate leaves was determined. The antiviral activities of the leaf extract, fractions, and compounds were investigated against the MR766 and HPF2013 Zika virus strains in vitro. Both the extract and its fractions were found to be active against Zika virus infection. Of the compounds isolated, ellagic acid showed particular anti-Zika activities, with EC50 values of 30.86 µM for MR766 and 46.23 µM for HPF2013. The mechanism of action was investigated using specific antiviral assays, and it was demonstrated that ellagic acid was primarily active as it prevented Zika virus infection and was able to significantly reduce Zika virus progeny production. Our data demonstrate the anti-Zika activity of pomegranate leaf extract and ellagic acid for the first time. These findings identify ellagic acid as a possible anti-Zika candidate compound that can be used for preventive and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Acquadro
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Civra
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Cecilia Cagliero
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Arianna Marengo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Rittà
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Rachele Francese
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Cinzia Sanna
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Bertea
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Sgorbini
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - David Lembo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Manuela Donalisio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rubiolo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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11
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Kis B, Avram S, Pavel IZ, Lombrea A, Buda V, Dehelean CA, Soica C, Yerer MB, Bojin F, Folescu R, Danciu C. Recent Advances Regarding the Phytochemical and Therapeutic Uses of Populus nigra L. Buds. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111464. [PMID: 33138272 PMCID: PMC7693997 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Populus nigra L. (Salicaceae family) is one of the most popular trees that can be found in deciduous forests. Some particularities that characterize the Populus genus refer to the fact that it includes more than 40 species, being widespread especially in Europe and Asia. Many residues, parts of this tree can be used as a bioresource for different extracts as active ingredients in pharmaceuticals next to multiple benefits in many areas of medicine. The present review discusses the latest findings regarding the phytochemical composition and the therapeutic properties of Populus nigra L. buds. The vegetal product has been described mainly to contain phenolic compounds (phenols, phenolic acids and phenylpropanoids), terpenoids (mono and sesquiterpenoids), flavones (e.g., apigenol and crysin), flavanones (e.g., pinocembrin and pinostrombin), caffeic/ferulic acids and their derivates, and more than 48 phytocompounds in the essential oils. The resinous exudates present on the buds have been the major plant source used by bees to form propolis. Several studies depicted its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, antitumor, hepatoprotective, hypouricemic properties and its effects on melanin production. All these lead to the conclusion that black poplar buds are a valuable and important source of bioactive compounds responsible for a wide range of therapeutic uses, being a promising candidate as a complementary and/or alternative source for a large number of health problems. The aim of the review is to gather the existing information and to bring an up to date regarding the phytochemical and therapeutic uses of Populus nigra L. buds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitta Kis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (B.K.); (S.A.); (I.Z.P.); (A.L.); (C.D.)
| | - Stefana Avram
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (B.K.); (S.A.); (I.Z.P.); (A.L.); (C.D.)
| | - Ioana Zinuca Pavel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (B.K.); (S.A.); (I.Z.P.); (A.L.); (C.D.)
| | - Adelina Lombrea
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (B.K.); (S.A.); (I.Z.P.); (A.L.); (C.D.)
| | - Valentina Buda
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-755-100-408
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Department of Toxicology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Codruta Soica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Mukerrem Betul Yerer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Melikgazi, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey;
| | - Florina Bojin
- Department of Functional Sciences, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2, Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timişoara, Romania;
| | - Roxana Folescu
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babeş, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Corina Danciu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (B.K.); (S.A.); (I.Z.P.); (A.L.); (C.D.)
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12
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Alber AV, Renault H, Basilio-Lopes A, Bassard JE, Liu Z, Ullmann P, Lesot A, Bihel F, Schmitt M, Werck-Reichhart D, Ehlting J. Evolution of coumaroyl conjugate 3-hydroxylases in land plants: lignin biosynthesis and defense. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:924-936. [PMID: 31038800 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Multiple adaptations were necessary when plants conquered the land. Among them were soluble phenylpropanoids related to plant protection and lignin necessary for upright growth and long-distance water transport. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase 98 (CYP98) catalyzes a rate-limiting step in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Phylogenetic reconstructions suggest that a single copy of CYP98 founded each major land plant lineage (bryophytes, lycophytes, monilophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms), and was maintained as a single copy in all lineages but the angiosperms. In angiosperms, a series of independent gene duplications and losses occurred. Biochemical assays in four angiosperm species tested showed that 4-coumaroyl-shikimate, a known intermediate in lignin biosynthesis, was the preferred substrate of one member in each species, while independent duplicates in Populus trichocarpa and Amborella trichopoda each showed broad substrate ranges, accepting numerous 4-coumaroyl-esters and -amines, and were thus capable of producing a wide range of hydroxycinnamoyl conjugates. The gymnosperm CYP98 from Pinus taeda showed a broad substrate range, but preferred 4-coumaroyl-shikimate as its best substrate. In contrast, CYP98s from the lycophyte Selaginella moellendorffii and the fern Pteris vittata converted 4-coumaroyl-shikimate poorly in vitro, but were able to use alternative substrates, in particular 4-coumaroyl-anthranilate. Thus, caffeoyl-shikimate appears unlikely to be an intermediate in monolignol biosynthesis in non-seed vascular plants, including ferns. The best substrate for CYP98A34 from the moss Physcomitrella patens was also 4-coumaroyl-anthranilate, while 4-coumaroyl-shikimate was converted to lower extents. Despite having in vitro activity with 4-coumaroyl-shikimate, CYP98A34 was unable to complement the Arabidopsis thaliana cyp98a3 loss-of-function phenotype, suggesting distinct properties also in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette V Alber
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Department of Biology and Centre for Forest Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Hugues Renault
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Jean-Etienne Bassard
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pascaline Ullmann
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnès Lesot
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric Bihel
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR CNRS 7200, Illkirch, France
| | - Martine Schmitt
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR CNRS 7200, Illkirch, France
| | | | - Jürgen Ehlting
- Department of Biology and Centre for Forest Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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Li Q, Sun M, Wan Z, Liang J, Betti M, Hrynets Y, Xue X, Wu L, Wang K. Bee Pollen Extracts Modulate Serum Metabolism in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury Mice with Anti-Inflammatory Effects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7855-7868. [PMID: 31274310 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Bee pollen (BP) collected from different floras possesses various potential bioactivities, but the mechanism-related research on anti-inflammatory effects is limited. Here, three types of BP originating from Camellia sinensis L. (BP-Cs), Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (BP-Nn), and Brassica campestris L. (BP-Bc) were assessed using molecular and metabolomics methods to determine their anti-inflammatory effects. The differences in polyphenolic abundance of three types of BP extracts were determined by HPLC-DAD/Q-TOF-MS. In vitro anti-inflammatory effects of three BP extracts were evaluated in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells model. BP-Cs extract with the most abundant polyphenols was found to be the most effective in reducing inflammation by downregulating inflammatory-related genes expression and blocking the activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Polyphenol-rich BP-Cs was further evaluated for their in vivo anti-inflammatory effect in a LPS-induced acute lung injury mouse model. An UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based metabolomics approach was applied to analyze metabolite changes in mouse serum. Weshowed that the pretreated BP-Cs extract alleviated inflammation and regulated glycerophospholipid metabolism significantly. Our findings provide a foundation for developing and justifying BP as a potential anti-inflammatory ingredient in functional foods or nutraceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Li
- Institute of Apicultural Research , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , China
| | - Minghui Sun
- Institute of Apicultural Research , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , China
| | - Zhengrui Wan
- Institute of Apicultural Research , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , China
| | - Junshi Liang
- Beijing Laboratory Animal Research Center , Beijing 100012 , China
| | - Mirko Betti
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life & Environmental Sciences , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2P5 , Canada
| | - Yuliya Hrynets
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life & Environmental Sciences , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2P5 , Canada
| | - Xiaofeng Xue
- Institute of Apicultural Research , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , China
| | - Liming Wu
- Institute of Apicultural Research , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Apicultural Research , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , China
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14
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Kuś PM, Okińczyc P, Jakovljević M, Jokić S, Jerković I. Development of supercritical CO 2 extraction of bioactive phytochemicals from black poplar (Populus nigra L.) buds followed by GC-MS and UHPLC-DAD-QqTOF-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 158:15-27. [PMID: 29852355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) extraction process of black poplar (Populus nigra L.) buds was optimized (pressure, temperature) based on the yields of major phytochemicals (volatiles and non-volatiles). The optimal settings were 30 MPa/60 °C. Major volatiles determined by GC-MS in the optimized SC-CO2 extract (mg of benzyl salicylate equivalent (BSE) per 100 g of buds) were: pinostrobin chalcone (1574.2), β-eudesmol (640.8), α-eudesmol (581.9), 2-methyl-2-butenyl-p-coumarate (289.9), pentyl-p-coumarate (457.0), γ-eudesmol (294.4), and benzyl salicylate (289.2). Partial qualitative similarity was observed between SC-CO2 extracts and corresponding hydrodistilled essential oil dominated by sesquiterpenes, but with lower yields. Major compounds (mg per 100 g of buds) identified by UHPLC-DAD-QqTOF-MS in the optimized SC-CO2 extract were: pinostrobin (751.7), pinocembrin (485.6), 3-O-pinobanksin acetate and methyl-butenyl-p-coumarate (290.2; 144.9 of pinobanksin and p-coumaric acid equivalents, respectively). SC-CO2 extraction was found useful for green, efficient and simultaneous extraction of both volatile/non-volatile, bioactive phytochemicals of poplar buds - precursors of poplar-type propolis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr M Kuś
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Wrocław Medical University, ul. Borowska 211a, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Piotr Okińczyc
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Wrocław Medical University, ul. Borowska 211a, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Martina Jakovljević
- Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, 31000, Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Stela Jokić
- Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, 31000, Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Igor Jerković
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, R. Boškovića 35, 21000, Split, Croatia.
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15
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Strategy for non-target ionic analysis by capillary electrophoresis with ultraviolet detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 409:1067-1077. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-0025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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16
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Maack A, Pegard A. Populus nigra (Salicaceae) absolute rich in phenolic acids, phenylpropanoïds and flavonoids as a new potent tyrosinase inhibitor. Fitoterapia 2016; 111:95-101. [PMID: 27091790 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tyrosinase inhibitory capacity of Populus nigra buds absolute (PBA) and compare it to kojic acid (KA), controversial reference tyrosinase inhibitor. Populus nigra buds were extracted with hexane and ethanol to obtain PBA. The inhibitory effect of this absolute was first tested on the mushroom Agaricus bisporus tyrosinase. Then the depigmenting potential of PBA was tested on B16F10 murine melanocytes by assaying the activity of tyrosinase and melanin content. Consecutively, a microscopic analysis of intracellular melanin granules was performed. Finally, melanised reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) were used to assess the lightening potential activity of this PBA on human skin. Results show that PBA inhibits A. bisporus tyrosinase (IC50=77±8ppm) and inhibits melanocytes B16F10 tyrosinase (IC50=27±1ppm). PBA decreases intracellular melanin levels, with 50% loss at 39±9ppm. Finally, PBA at 1000ppm lightens RHE and decreases their melanin content of 20%. PBA is a strong inhibitor of tyrosinase and reduces melanogenesis in melanocytes B16F10. Thus, PBA has potential applications in skin-lightening cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maack
- Aromacosmetic Laboratory, Robertet SA, 37 avenue Sidi Brahim, 06130 Grasse, France.
| | - A Pegard
- Aromacosmetic Laboratory, Robertet SA, 37 avenue Sidi Brahim, 06130 Grasse, France.
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Valenzuela-Barra G, Castro C, Figueroa C, Barriga A, Silva X, de Las Heras B, Hortelano S, Delporte C. Anti-inflammatory activity and phenolic profile of propolis from two locations in Región Metropolitana de Santiago, Chile. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 168:37-44. [PMID: 25835370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Propolis has long been used as a popular folk medicine due to its wide spectrum of alleged biological and pharmaceutical properties. In Chile, propolis is widely used by folklore medicine as an anti-inflammatory agent; however, this property has not been demonstrated by scientific methods. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity in vivo and in vitro and to establish the phenolic profile of propolis collected in two localities in Región Metropolitana de Santiago (RM), Chile. MATERIALS AND METHODS Propolis was collected in the areas of Caleu and Buin, RM Chile. Following that, the samples were unwaxed to obtain the global ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEPs) and, from these, the serial extracts of dichloromethane (EEP-DCMs) and ethanol (EEP-EtOHs). The topic anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated through mice ear edema induced by arachidonic acid (AA) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) at a dose of 3 mg/ear. Nitric oxide (NO) measurements were determined spectrophotometrically (Greiss reagent) by the accumulation of nitrite in the medium of macrophages RAW 264.7 stimulated with the lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 μg/mL) for 20 h at different concentrations of the EEPs, EEP-DCMs and EEP-EtOHs (6.25-50.00 μg/mL). The content of total phenols and flavonoids were determined through the methods of Folin-Ciocalteau and AlCl3, respectively. The profile of phenolic compounds was determined by HPLC-UV-ESI-MS/MS. RESULTS The EEP-EtOH (64%) and EEP (59%) of Buin were the most active in the inflammation induced by TPA and AA respectively, being the anti-inflammatory effect stronger than the same Caleu extracts. Regarding the release of NO, all the extracts from the Buin propolis inhibited significantly its release in a concentration-dependent manner, this inhibition was stronger than the extracts from Caleu propolis. CONCLUSIONS Our research shows for the first time a comparative study of the topical in vivo activity of two Chilean propolis. Both propolis showed in vivo topical anti-inflammatory activity against AA and TPA, the most active was Buin propolis and this difference is due in part to the variations in total phenols and flavonoids content and the phenolic profile. The phenols and flavonoids content of Buin propolis was higher than Caleu propolis. The extracts from Buin propolis result in a lower release of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Valenzuela-Barra
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Consuelo Castro
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Catalina Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Andrés Barriga
- Unidad de espectrometría de masas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Ximena Silva
- Unidad de Pruebas Biológicas, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Marathon 1000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Beatriz de Las Heras
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonsoles Hortelano
- Unidad de Inflamación y Cáncer, Área de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda-Pozuelo, Km 2.200, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carla Delporte
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile.
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Boisard S, Le Ray AM, Landreau A, Kempf M, Cassisa V, Flurin C, Richomme P. Antifungal and antibacterial metabolites from a French poplar type propolis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:319240. [PMID: 25873978 PMCID: PMC4385655 DOI: 10.1155/2015/319240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
During this study, the in vitro antifungal and antibacterial activities of different extracts (aqueous and organic) obtained from a French propolis batch were evaluated. Antifungal activity was evaluated by broth microdilution on three pathogenic strains: Candida albicans, C. glabrata, and Aspergillus fumigatus. Antibacterial activity was assayed using agar dilution method on 36 Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains including Staphylococcus aureus. Organic extracts showed a significant antifungal activity against C. albicans and C. glabrata (MIC80 between 16 and 31 µg/mL) but only a weak activity towards A. fumigatus (MIC80 = 250 µg/mL). DCM based extracts exhibited a selective Gram-positive antibacterial activity, especially against S. aureus (SA) and several of its methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) strains (MIC100 30-97 µg/mL). A new and active derivative of catechin was also identified whereas a synergistic antimicrobial effect was noticed during this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Boisard
- EA 921 SONAS/SFR 4207 QUASAV, Université d'Angers, 16 boulevard Daviers, 49045 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Anne-Marie Le Ray
- EA 921 SONAS/SFR 4207 QUASAV, Université d'Angers, 16 boulevard Daviers, 49045 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Anne Landreau
- EA 921 SONAS/SFR 4207 QUASAV, Université d'Angers, 16 boulevard Daviers, 49045 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Marie Kempf
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Hygiène, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 4 rue Larrey, 49933 Angers Cedex 09, France
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers, 4 rue Larrey, 49933 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Viviane Cassisa
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Hygiène, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 4 rue Larrey, 49933 Angers Cedex 09, France
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers, 4 rue Larrey, 49933 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Flurin
- Ballot-Flurin Apiculteurs-Abeilles Santé, 75 place Lagardère, 65700 Maubourguet, France
| | - Pascal Richomme
- EA 921 SONAS/SFR 4207 QUASAV, Université d'Angers, 16 boulevard Daviers, 49045 Angers Cedex 01, France
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Zhang J, Cao X, Ping S, Wang K, Shi J, Zhang C, Zheng H, Hu F. Comparisons of ethanol extracts of chinese propolis (poplar type) and poplar gums based on the antioxidant activities and molecular mechanism. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:307594. [PMID: 25802536 PMCID: PMC4353659 DOI: 10.1155/2015/307594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The biological activities of propolis are varied from plant sources and the prominent antioxidant effects of Chinese propolis (poplar type) have been extensively reported. Oxidative stress is associated with inflammation and induces many diseases. In the study, to evaluate antioxidant capacities and clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms of ethanol extracts of Chinese propolis (EECP) and ethanol extracts of poplar gums (EEPG), we analyzed their compositions by HPLC, evaluating their free radical scavenging activities and reducing power by chemical analysis methods. Moreover, we studied the roles of EECP and EEPG on the elimination of ROS and expressions of antioxidant genes (HO-1, TrxR1, GCLM, and GCLC) in RAW264.7 cells. We further investigated the effects of MAPKs on the antioxidant genes expression by specific inhibitors. The nucleus translocation effects of Nrf2 were also measured by confocal microscopy analysis. The results indicated that EECP had higher TPC and FDC values but regarding TFC values were not significant. EECP also possessed more contents of 11 compounds than EEPG. Both phytochemical analysis and cell experiment reflected that EECP exerted stronger antioxidant activities than EEPG. EECP and EEPG enhanced endogenous antioxidant defenses by eliminating reactive oxygen species directly and activating Erk-Nrf2-HO1, GCLM, and TrxR1 signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianglin Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xueping Cao
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shun Ping
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinhu Shi
- Husbandry and Veterinary Technical Popularization Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310020, China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huoqing Zheng
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fuliang Hu
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Wang K, Zhang J, Ping S, Ma Q, Chen X, Xuan H, Shi J, Zhang C, Hu F. Anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extracts of Chinese propolis and buds from poplar (Populus×canadensis). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:300-311. [PMID: 24882729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Propolis is used widely in a number of cultures as a folk medicine and is gaining wider recognition for its potential therapeutic use, due to its wide range of biological properties and pharmacological activities, especially its anti-inflammatory effects. Despite an increasing number of studies focused on the biological activities of propolis together with its botanical sources, studies on Chinese propolis are insufficient. This study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of ethanol extracts from Chinese propolis (EECP) and poplar buds (EEPB) from Populus×canadensis Moench (Salicaceae family). MATERIALS AND METHODS Phytochemical analysis of EECP and EEPB was performed via total phenolic and flavonoid content measurements followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. DPPH and ABTS free-radical scavenging methods were used to evaluate their anti-oxidant properties. The anti-inflammatory effects of EECP and EEPB were investigated in vitro by evaluating their modulating effects on the key inflammatory cytokines and mediators in LPS/IFN-γ co-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and by measuring nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation in TNF-α or IL-1β stimulation HEK 293 cells using reporter gene assays. Their effects on acute inflammatory symptoms (LPS-induced endotoxemia and acute pulmonary damage) were also examined in mice. RESULTS EECP and EEPB exhibited strong free-radical scavenging activity and significant in vitro anti-inflammatory effects by modulating key inflammatory mediators of mRNA transcription, inhibiting the production of specific inflammatory cytokines, and blocking the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB. The administration of EECP and EEPB (25 and 100 mg/kg) provided significant protective effects by attenuating lung histopathological changes and suppressing the secretion of LPS-stimulated inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, MCP-1, TNF-α and IL-12p70 production in endotoxemic mice. CONCLUSIONS The results presented here reveal the potent anti-inflammatory properties of Chinese propolis and poplar buds, and provide biological information for developing suitable substitute(s) for propolis in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianglin Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shun Ping
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Quanxin Ma
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Hongzhuan Xuan
- School of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Jinhu Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Husbandry and veterinary technical popularization center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310020, China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fuliang Hu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Boisard S, Le Ray AM, Gatto J, Aumond MC, Blanchard P, Derbré S, Flurin C, Richomme P. Chemical composition, antioxidant and anti-AGEs activities of a French poplar type propolis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:1344-1351. [PMID: 24443994 DOI: 10.1021/jf4053397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation in tissues and serum of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) plays an important role in pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease or, in the event of complications of diabetes, atherosclerosis or renal failure. Therefore, there is a potential therapeutic interest in compounds able to lower intra and extracellular levels of AGEs. Among them, natural antioxidants (AO) with true anti-AGEs capabilities would represent good candidates for development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the AO and anti-AGEs potential of a propolis batch and then to identify the main compounds responsible for these effects. In vivo, protein glycation and oxidative stress are closely related. Thus, AO and antiglycation activities were evaluated using both DPPH and ORAC assays, respectively, as well as a newly developed automated anti-AGEs test. Several propolis extracts exhibited very good AO and anti-AGEs activities, and a bioguided fractionation allowed us to identify pinobanksin-3-acetate as the most active component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Boisard
- EA 921 SONAS/SFR 4207 QUASAV, Université d'Angers , 16 Boulevard Daviers, 49045 Angers cedex 01, France
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