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Ghanghav V, Chawathe A, Chauthe SK, Sharma N. Development of stability-indicating assay method and liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based structural characterization of the forced degradation products of alpelisib. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5813. [PMID: 38148302 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency approved alpelisib in 2019 for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. A thorough literature review revealed that a stability-indicating analytical method (SIAM) is not available for the quantification of alpelisib and its degradation products (DPs). In this study, per the comprehensive stress study recommended by the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH), alpelisib was exposed to hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis, and thermal stress. Degradation of the drug was observed under hydrolysis, oxidative, and photolysis conditions, whereas the drug was stable under thermal stress condition. We developed a SIAM for the separation of alpelisib and its major DPs that were formed under different stress conditions. The validation of the developed method was performed per ICH Q2(R1) guidelines. Five DPs were identified and characterized. Structure elucidation of all DPs was performed with the modern characterization tool of liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). The degradation pathway of the drug and its mechanisms were outlined, and in silico toxicity prediction was performed using the ProTox-II tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Ghanghav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, The National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, India
| | - Ashwini Chawathe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, The National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, India
| | - Siddheshwar Kisan Chauthe
- Department of Natural Products, The National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, India
| | - Nitish Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, The National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, India
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2
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Borioni A, Mammone FR, Risoluti R, Panusa A, Pierini M, Cirilli R. Insight into the photolytic degradation products of Rosuvastatin: Full chiral and structural elucidation and conversion kinetics by a combined chromatographic, spectroscopic and theoretical approach. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 236:115636. [PMID: 37657179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Rosuvastatin (RSV) is a well-established lipid-lowering drug. RSV is susceptible to degradation under various stress conditions and forms two cyclic derivatives by a radical-mediated photolytic mechanism. On a structural basis, these epimeric compounds (reported as FP-B in the European Pharmacopeia monograph Rosuvastatin tablets) retain the configuration of the stereogenic carbons of RSV (3R,5S) and have opposite absolute configurations at the third stereogenic center. Herein, we report the kinetics of formation and the complete structural characterization, including the assignment of the absolute configuration, of each epimer collected after HPLC separation on a chiral stationary phase. The stereochemistry of the epimers was determined by comparison of the experimental circular dichroism data with the corresponding theoretical values. Kinetic studies revealed that RSV degrades completely to FP-B within 3 h at room temperature. Furthermore, through a multi-disciplinary approach involving chromatography (HPLC and UHPLC), circular dichroism (CD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS), it was demonstrated that FP-B in turn degrades to the lactones under the mild acidic conditions of the chromatographic mobile phase. The ability of RSV to form multiple degradation products may affect the quantification of RSV-related substances and draw attention to potentially toxic RSV-like species in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Borioni
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Mammone
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, P.le A.Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Alessia Panusa
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Pierini
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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Thakkar H, Jain S, Kumar S, Bhalekar VS, Gangakhedkar S, Shah RP. Hyphenated liquid chromatography - diode array detection - charged aerosol detection - high resolution - multistage mass spectrometry with online hydrogen/deuterium exchange: One stop solution for pharmaceutical impurity profiling. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1689:463725. [PMID: 36586282 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hyphenation of different analytical techniques has always been advantageous in structural characterization as it saves time, money and resources. In the pharmaceutical sector, chromatography-based impurity profiling, including identification, characterization, and quantification in drug substances or finished products, is of utmost importance to comply with quality, patient safety and regulatory requirements. These impurities are monitored using LC-UV/DAD and identified and/or characterized using HRMS and MS/MS. LC analysis usually yields the area percent purity of the targeted peak, however, this is not sufficient for pharmaceutical purposes; where the regulatory requirement is to report impurities in percent weight by weight. Unfortunately, the non-availability of impurity standards and relative response factors at an early stage of drug development, risks the product quality due to the inability of the method to differentiate percent purity, and percent weight by weight. Hence, there is a need for a distinctive way of determining the relative response factor. In the current study, a unique hyphenation has been employed by integrating LC with DAD, CAD, and HRMSn with hydrogen-deuterium exchange. The LC flow, post-DAD detection has been diverted to CAD with an inverse gradient for relative response factor determination and MS Orbitrap for exact mass, and MSn fragmentation. A separate infusion pump has been incorporated to infuse D2O on a need basis, which can perform partial hydrogen deuterium exchange for determining the number of labile hydrogens in the impurity structure. This hyphenation has been validated with four model compounds and a total of nineteen chromatographic peaks. The technique provides ample information for their qualitative analysis along with percent weight-by-weight values, which fulfils the regulatory requirements and can be used as one-stop solution for impurity profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Thakkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research - Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Sonali Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research - Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research - Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Vijay S Bhalekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research - Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Shriya Gangakhedkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research - Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Ravi P Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research - Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India.
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4
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Significance of stressor media on the stability of statins: a critical assessment. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02306-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Relative bioavailability enhancement of simvastatin via dry emulsion systems: comparison of spray drying and fluid bed layering technology. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 172:228-239. [PMID: 34942336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive comparisons of similar lipid based drug delivery systems produced by different technologies are scarce. Spray drying and fluid bed layering technologies were compared with respect to the process and product characteristics of otherwise similar simvastatin loaded dry emulsion systems. Fluid bed layering provided higher process yield (83.3% vs 71.5%), encapsulation efficiency (80.0% vs 68.4 %), relative one month product stability (93.8% vs 85.5%), larger and more circular particles (336 µm vs 56 µm) and lower median oil droplet size after product reconstitution in water (2.85 µm vs 4.27 µm), compared to spray drying. However, spray dried products exhibited higher drug content (22.2 mg/g vs 9.34 mg/g). An in-vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats was performed and a pharmacokinetic model was developed in order to compare the optimised simvastatin loaded dry emulsion systems, a simvastatin glyceride mimetic loaded in the dry emulsion and a simvastatin loaded SMEDDS with a reference physical mixture. Of the formulation tested, fluid bed layered pellets excelled and provided a 115% relative increase in bioavailability. Among the two technologies, fluid bed layering provided dry emulsion products with higher relative bioavailability and better product characteristics for further processing into final dosage forms.
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Dončević L, Svetličić E, Hozić A, Mihaljević B, Jarmużek D, Tartaro Bujak I, Pluskota-Karwatka D, Ozdanovac L, Džeba I, Cindrić M. NanoUPLC-QTOF-MS/MS Determination of Major Rosuvastatin Degradation Products Generated by Gamma Radiation in Aqueous Solution. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1160. [PMID: 34832942 PMCID: PMC8622667 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosuvastatin, a member of the statin family of drugs, is used to regulate high cholesterol levels in the human body. Moreover, rosuvastatin and other statins demonstrate a protective role against free radical-induced oxidative stress. Our research aimed to investigate the end-products of free radical-induced degradation of rosuvastatin. To induce the radical degradation, an aqueous solution of rosuvastatin was irradiated using different doses of gamma radiation (50-1000 Gy) under oxidative conditions. Rosuvastatin and related degradation products were separated on nanoC18 column under gradient elution, and identification was carried out on hyphenated nanoUPLC and nanoESI-QTOF mass spectrometer system. Elemental composition analysis using highly accurate mass measurements together with isotope fitting algorithm identified nine major degradation products. This is the first study of gamma radiation-induced degradation of rosuvastatin, where chemical structures, MS/MS fragmentation pathways and formation mechanisms of the resulting degradation products are detailly described. The presented results contribute to the understanding of the degradation pathway of rosuvastatin and possibly other statins under gamma radiation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucija Dončević
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.D.); (A.H.)
| | - Ema Svetličić
- Department of Biochemical Bioengineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Amela Hozić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.D.); (A.H.)
| | - Branka Mihaljević
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.M.); (I.T.B.); (I.D.)
| | - Dorota Jarmużek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (D.J.); (D.P.-K.)
| | - Ivana Tartaro Bujak
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.M.); (I.T.B.); (I.D.)
| | - Donata Pluskota-Karwatka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (D.J.); (D.P.-K.)
| | - Luka Ozdanovac
- Research and Development Ltd., PLIVA, Prilaz Baruna Filipovića 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Iva Džeba
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.M.); (I.T.B.); (I.D.)
| | - Mario Cindrić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.D.); (A.H.)
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Chew YL, Khor MA, Lim YY. Choices of chromatographic methods as stability indicating assays for pharmaceutical products: A review. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06553. [PMID: 33855234 PMCID: PMC8027279 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Stability indicating assay describes a technique which is used to analyse the stability of drug substance or active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in bulk drug and pharmaceutical products. Stability indicating assay must be properly validated as per ICH guidelines. The important components in a stability indicating assay include sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, reliability, reproducibility and robustness. A validated assay is able to measure the concentration changes of drug substance/API with time and make reliable estimation of the quantity of the degradation impurities. The drug substance is separated and resolved from the impurities. Pros and cons of HPLC, GC, HPTLC, CE and SFC were discussed and reviewed. Stability indicating assay may consist of the combination of chromatographic separation and spectroscopic detection techniques. Hyphenated system could demonstrate parallel quantitative and qualitative analysis of drug substances and impurities. Examples are HPLC-DAD, HPLC-FL, GC-MS, LC-MS and LC-NMR. The analytes in the samples are separated in the chromatography while the impurities are chemically characterised by the spectroscopy in the system. In this review, various chromatographic methods which had been employed as stability indicating assays for drug substance and pharmaceutical formulation were systematically reviewed, and the application of hyphenated techniques in impurities characterisation and identification were also discussed with supporting literatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yik-Ling Chew
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, No. 1 Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mei-Ann Khor
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, No. 1 Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yau-Yan Lim
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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8
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Critical review on establishment and availability of impurity and degradation product reference standards, challenges faced by the users, recent developments, and trends. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Wang S, Zhu Y, Shao Q, Wang Y, Fan X, Cheng Y. Identification of chemical constituents in two traditional Chinese medicine formulae by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and off-line nuclear magnetic resonance. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 117:255-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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Segalin J, Sirtori C, Jank L, Lima MFS, Livotto PR, Machado TC, Lansarin MA, Pizzolato TM. Identification of transformation products of rosuvastatin in water during ZnO photocatalytic degradation through the use of associated LC-QTOF-MS to computational chemistry. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 299:78-85. [PMID: 26093357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Rosuvastatin (RST), a synthetic statin, is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, with a number of pleiotropic properties, such as anti-inflammation, antioxidation and cardiac remodelling attenuation. According to IMS Health, rosuvastatin was the third best-selling drug in the United States in 2012. RST was recently found in European effluent samples at a detection frequency of 36%. In this study, we evaluate the identification process of major transformation products (TPs) of RST generated during the heterogeneous photocatalysis process with ZnO. The degradation of the parent molecule and the identification of the main TPs were studied in demineralised water. The TPs were monitored and identified by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS/MS). Ten TPs were tentatively identified and some of them originated from the hydroxylation suffered by the aromatic ring during the initial stages of the process. Structural elucidation of some of the most abundant or persistent TPs was evaluated by computational analysis, which demonstrated that this approach can be used as a tool to help the elucidation of structures of unknown molecules. The analysis of the parameters obtained from ab initio calculations for different isomers showed the most stable structures and, consequently, the most likely to be found.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla Sirtori
- Instituto de Química, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Louíse Jank
- Instituto de Química, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Tiele C Machado
- PPGEQ-UFRGS, Rua Engenheiro Luiz Englert, s/nº - Prédio 12204, 90040-040 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marla A Lansarin
- PPGEQ-UFRGS, Rua Engenheiro Luiz Englert, s/nº - Prédio 12204, 90040-040 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Abstract
The great impact of cardiovascular diseases in human health has led to the development of a huge number of drugs and therapies to improve the treatment of these diseases. Cardiovascular drug analysis in biological fluids constitutes an important challenge for analytical scientists. There is a clear need for reliable methods to carry out both qualitative and quantitative analysis in a short time of analysis. Different problems such as drug monitoring, analysis of metabolites, study of drugs interactions, drugs residues or degradation products, chiral separation, and screening and confirmation of drugs of abuse in doping control must be solved. New trends in sample preparation, instrumental and column technology advances in LC and innovations in MS are described in this work.
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12
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Singh DK, Sahu A, Handa T, Narayanam M, Singh S. Study of the forced degradation behavior of prasugrel hydrochloride by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography with NMR detection and prediction of the toxicity of the characterized degradation products. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:2995-3005. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Archana Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER); Sector 67 S.A.S. Nagar Punjab India
| | - Tarun Handa
- Biocon-BMS R&D Centre (BBRC); Biocon Park Bangalore India
| | | | - Saranjit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER); Sector 67 S.A.S. Nagar Punjab India
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Shah RP, Garg A, Putlur SP, Wagh S, Kumar V, Rao V, Singh S, Mandlekar S, Desikan S. Practical and Economical Implementation of Online H/D Exchange in LC-MS. Anal Chem 2013; 85:10904-12. [DOI: 10.1021/ac402339s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi P. Shah
- Analytical Research and Development, Pharmaceutical Development, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Syngene International Ltd., Bangalore, India
| | - Amit Garg
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Syngene International Ltd., Bangalore, India
| | - Siva Prasad Putlur
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Syngene International Ltd., Bangalore, India
| | - Santosh Wagh
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Syngene International Ltd., Bangalore, India
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Syngene International Ltd., Bangalore, India
| | - Venugopala Rao
- Analytical Research and Development, Pharmaceutical Development, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Syngene International Ltd., Bangalore, India
| | - Saranjit Singh
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, India
| | - Sandhya Mandlekar
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bristol-Myers Squibb India Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, India
| | - Sridhar Desikan
- Analytical Research and Development, Pharmaceutical Development, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bristol-Myers Squibb India Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, India
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14
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Singh S, Junwal M, Modhe G, Tiwari H, Kurmi M, Parashar N, Sidduri P. Forced degradation studies to assess the stability of drugs and products. Trends Analyt Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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