1
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Deng L, Kumar J, Rose R, McIntyre W, Fabris D. Analyzing RNA posttranscriptional modifications to decipher the epitranscriptomic code. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:5-38. [PMID: 36052666 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of RNA silencing has revealed that non-protein-coding sequences (ncRNAs) can cover essential roles in regulatory networks and their malfunction may result in severe consequences on human health. These findings have prompted a general reassessment of the significance of RNA as a key player in cellular processes. This reassessment, however, will not be complete without a greater understanding of the distribution and function of the over 170 variants of the canonical ribonucleotides, which contribute to the breathtaking structural diversity of natural RNA. This review surveys the analytical approaches employed for the identification, characterization, and detection of RNA posttranscriptional modifications (rPTMs). The merits of analyzing individual units after exhaustive hydrolysis of the initial biopolymer are outlined together with those of identifying their position in the sequence of parent strands. Approaches based on next generation sequencing and mass spectrometry technologies are covered in depth to provide a comprehensive view of their respective merits. Deciphering the epitranscriptomic code will require not only mapping the location of rPTMs in the various classes of RNAs, but also assessing the variations of expression levels under different experimental conditions. The fact that no individual platform is currently capable of meeting all such demands implies that it will be essential to capitalize on complementary approaches to obtain the desired information. For this reason, the review strived to cover the broadest possible range of techniques to provide readers with the fundamental elements necessary to make informed choices and design the most effective possible strategy to accomplish the task at hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Deng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - J Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - R Rose
- Department of Advanced Research Technologies, New York University Langone Health Center, New York, USA
| | - W McIntyre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Daniele Fabris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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2
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Hiefner J, Rische J, Bunders MJ, Worthmann A. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry based method for the quantification of adenosine nucleotides and NAD precursors and products in various biological samples. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1250762. [PMID: 37799723 PMCID: PMC10548204 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1250762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenine nucleotides (AN) are ubiquitous metabolites that regulate cellular energy metabolism and modulate cell communication and inflammation. To understand how disturbances in AN balance arise and affect cellular function, robust quantification techniques for these metabolites are crucial. However, due to their hydrophilicity, simultaneous quantification of AN across various biological samples has been challenging. Here we present a hydrophilic interaction high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) based method for the quantification of 26 adenosine nucleotides and precursors as well as metabolic products of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in plasma, liver, and adipose tissue samples as well as cell culture supernatants and cells. Method validation was performed with regard to linearity, accuracy, precision, matrix effects, and carryover. Finally, analysis of cell culture supernatants derived from intestinal organoids and RAW 264.7 cells illustrates that the here described method is a reliable and easy-to-use tool to quantify AN and opens up new avenues to understand the role of AN generation and breakdown for cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Hiefner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johann Rische
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Madeleine J. Bunders
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Research Department of Virus Immunology, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center of Translational Immunology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Worthmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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3
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Lan C, Zhao B, Yang L, Zhou Y, Guo S, Zhang X, Zhang J. Determination of UDP-Glucose and UDP-Galactose in Maize by Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography and Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2022; 2022:7015311. [PMID: 35800972 PMCID: PMC9256458 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7015311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotide sugars, the activated forms of monosaccharides, are important intermediates of carbohydrate metabolism in all organisms. Here, we describe a method for the detection and quantification of UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose in maize in order to compare their metabolism in both wild-type and mutated plants. Triple quadrupole operating in a multiple reaction monitoring mode was used to quantify nucleotide sugars. The limits of detection for UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose were 0.50 and 0.70 ng·mL-1, respectively. The recoveries of the method ranged from 98.3% to 103.6% with the relative standard deviations less than 6.3%. To prove the applicability of this method, we analyzed several sets of maize extracts obtained from different cultivars grown under standardized greenhouse conditions. All the results demonstrated the suitability of the developed method to quantify UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose in maize extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yusen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Siyi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Junli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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4
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Pei C, Lu D, Liu D, Pang G. Development of a nanozyme-based electrochemical sensor for detection of stringent response. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1201:339602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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5
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Zhang H, Li Y, Li Z, Lam CWK, Zhu P, Wang C, Zhou H, Zhang W. MTBSTFA derivatization-LC-MS/MS approach for the quantitative analysis of endogenous nucleotides in human colorectal carcinoma cells. J Pharm Anal 2022; 12:77-86. [PMID: 35573880 PMCID: PMC9073140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous ribonucleotides (RNs) and deoxyribonucleotides (dRNs) are important metabolites related to the pathogenesis of many diseases. In light of their physiological and pathological significances, a novel and sensitive pre-column derivatization method with N-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA) was developed to determine RNs and dRNs in human cells using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). A one-step extraction of cells with 85% methanol followed by a simple derivatization reaction within 5 min at room temperature contributed to shortened analysis time. The derivatives of 22 nucleoside mono-, di- and triphosphates were retained on the typical C18 column and eluted by ammonium acetate and acetonitrile in 9 min. Under these optimal conditions, good linearity was achieved in the tested calibration ranges. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) was determined to be 0.1-0.4 μM for the tested RNs and 0.001-0.1 μM for dRNs. In addition, the precision (CV) was <15% and the RSD of stability was lower than 10.4%. Furthermore, this method was applied to quantify the endogenous nucleotides in human colorectal carcinoma cell lines HCT 116 exposed to 10-hydroxycamptothecin. In conclusion, our method has proven to be simple, rapid, sensitive, and reliable. It may be used for specific expanded studies on intracellular pharmacology in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Christopher Wai-Kei Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
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6
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Wei-Qi K, Yuan Z, Yu Z, Xue-Song F. An Overview of Pretreatment and Analysis of Nucleotides in Different Samples (Update since 2010). Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 52:1624-1643. [PMID: 33840326 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1907173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotides, which are important low-molecular-weight compounds present in organisms, are precursors of nucleic acids and participate in various regulatory and metabolic functions. Sensitive and valid methods for monitoring and determining nucleotides and nucleosides in different samples are urgently required. Due to the presence of numerous endogenous interferences in complex matrices and the high polarity of the molecules of the phosphate moiety, the determination of nucleotide content is challenging. This review summarizes the pretreatment and analysis methods of nucleotides in different samples. Advanced pretreatment methods, including different microextraction methods, solid-phase extraction based on novel materials, QuEChERS, are clearly displayed, and continuous progress which has been made in LC, LC-MS/MS and capillary electrophoresis methods are discussed. Moreover, the strengths and weaknesses of different methods are discussed and compared. Highlight:Advanced pretreatment and detection methods of nucleotides were critically reviewed.Microextraction technology was one of the trends of nucleotides pretreatment in the future.Applications of novel materials and supercritical fluid were highlighted.The evolution and advance of HRMS analyzers were in detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wei-Qi
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhang Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhou Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Xue-Song
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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7
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Jiao P, Wei Y, Zhang X, Wang P, Zong L, Fan W, Zhang Z, Yang L, Li Y, Yuan X. Separation of Cytidine 5′-Monophosphate and Guanosine 5′-Monophosphate Based on the Hyper-Cross-Linked Resin XDA-1 with pH Gradient Elution. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b05055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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8
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Burgos-Gil R, Peris-García E, Ruiz-Angel M, Baeza-Baeza J, García-Alvarez-Coque M. Protocol to compare column performance applied to hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.103973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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Galeano Garcia P, Zimmermann BH, Carazzone C. Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry and Multivariate Analysis of the De Novo Pyrimidine Pathway Metabolites. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080328. [PMID: 31370321 PMCID: PMC6722987 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we describe the optimization of a Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS) method for the evaluation of 14 metabolites related to the de novo synthesis of pyrimidines (dnSP) while using multivariate analysis, which is the metabolic pathway for pyrimidine nucleotide production. A multivariate design was used to set the conditions of the column temperature, flow of the mobile phase, additive concentration, gradient rate, and pH of the mobile phase in order to attain higher peak resolution and ionization efficiency in shorter analysis times. The optimization process was carried out while using factorial fractional designs, Box–Behnken design and central composite design while using two zwitterionic columns, ZIC-p-HILIC and ZIC-HILIC, polymeric, and silica-based columns, respectively. The factors were evaluated while using resolution (R), retention factor (k), efficiency of the column (N), and peak height (h) as the response variables. The best optimized conditions were found with the ZIC-p-HILIC column: elution gradient rate 2 min, pH 7.0, temperature 45 °C, mobile phase flow of 0.35 mL min−1, and additive (ammonium acetate) concentration of 6 mM. The total analysis time was 28 min. The ZIC-p-HILIC LC-MS method yielded satisfactory results for linearity of calibration curves, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ). The method has been shown to be appropriate for the analysis of dnSP on samples of tomato plants that were infected with Phytophthora infestans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Galeano Garcia
- Laboratory of Advanced Analytical Techniques in Natural Products, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia.
- "Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales Amazónicos", Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de la Amazonia, Florencia 180002, Colombia.
| | - Barbara H Zimmermann
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Chiara Carazzone
- Laboratory of Advanced Analytical Techniques in Natural Products, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia.
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10
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Kartsova LA, Bessonova EA, Somova VD. Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934819050058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Abstract
Cyclofructans are cyclic oligosaccharides made of β-2,1-linked fructofuranose units. They have been utilized as chiral selectors, usually after derivatization, with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). The focus herein will be directed to their development and applications as chiral selectors in various chiral separation techniques. Discussion of their use in hydrophilic liquid interaction chromatography (HILIC) will be limited. Their use in liquid chromatography, especially their improvements with the use of superficially porous particles (SPPs) will be emphasized. Method parameters and future directions are also discussed.
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12
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Li Z, Zhang HX, Li Y, Lam CWK, Wang CY, Zhang WJ, Wong VKW, Pang SS, Yao MC, Zhang W. Method for Quantification of Ribonucleotides and Deoxyribonucleotides in Human Cells Using (Trimethylsilyl)diazomethane Derivatization Followed by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2018; 91:1019-1026. [PMID: 30525455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Investigation into intracellular ribonucleotides (RNs) and deoxyribonucleotides (dRNs) is important for studies of the mechanism of many biological processes, such as RNA and DNA synthesis and DNA repair, as well as metabolic and therapeutic efficacy of nucleoside analogues. However, current methods are still unsatisfactory for determination of nucleotides in complex matrixes. Here we describe a novel method for the determination of RN and dRN pools in cells based on fast derivatization with (trimethylsilyl)diazomethane (TMSD) followed by quantification using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Derivatization was accomplished in 3 min, and each derivatized nucleotide not only had a sufficient retention on reversed-phase column by introduction of methyl groups but also exhibited a unique ion transition which consequently eliminated mutual interference in LC-MS/MS. Chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column with a simple acetonitrile-water gradient elution system, which avoided contamination and ion suppression caused by ion-pairing reagents. The developed method was fully validated and applied to the analysis of RNs and dRNs in cell samples. Moreover, results demonstrated that the applicability of this method could be extended to nucleoside analogues and their metabolites and could facilitate many applications in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa , Macau , China
| | - Hui-Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa , Macau , China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa , Macau , China
| | - Christopher Wai Kei Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa , Macau , China
| | - Cai-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa , Macau , China
| | - Wei-Jia Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guang Zhou 510275 , China
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa , Macau , China
| | - Su-Seng Pang
- Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803 , United States
| | - Mei-Cun Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guang Zhou 510275 , China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa , Macau , China
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13
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Tsay FR, Haidar Ahmad IA, Henderson D, Schiavone N, Liu Z, Makarov AA, Mangion I, Regalado EL. Generic anion-exchange chromatography method for analytical and preparative separation of nucleotides in the development and manufacture of drug substances. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1587:129-135. [PMID: 30591245 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotides are among the most frequently used chemical building blocks in the research, development and manufacture of drug substances. They are composed of three highly polar subunit molecules (a nucleobase, a sugar, and at least one phosphate group), which makes their separation and analysis very challenging by conventional liquid chromatography techniques. Herein, we describe a simple, efficient, and cost-effective ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) method for the separation and purification of over 20 nucleotides. This method combines the use of a Tosoh TSKgel SuperQ-5P W resin in conjunction with a fully aqueous eluent profile (ammonium bicarbonate-based) that allows for a straightforward scale-up transition and convenient drying process with minimal environmental impact. This generic method was optimized using chromatography simulation software (ACD Labs/LC Simulator) and successfully applied to the preparative purification of multicomponent nucleotide mixtures using readily available Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC) instrumentation. These IEC method conditions can be effectively applied as the starting point for method development and isolation of other highly polar nucleotide species beyond those investigated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuh-Rong Tsay
- Process Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Imad A Haidar Ahmad
- Process Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Derek Henderson
- Process Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Nicole Schiavone
- Process Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Zhijian Liu
- Process Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Alexey A Makarov
- Process Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Ian Mangion
- Process Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Erik L Regalado
- Process Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
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14
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Jin H, Lao YM, Zhou J, Zhang HJ, Cai ZH. A rapid UHPLC-HILIC method for algal guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate (ppGpp) and the potential separation mechanism. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1096:143-153. [PMID: 30170292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A fast and facile hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) method was developed and applied to quantify physiologically important ppGpp and its analogues in a tough sample, the astaxanthin-accumulating alga Hameatococcus pluvialis. The method is able to analyze simultaneously seven nucleotides, including ppGpp at the order of pmol g-1 cells within 12 min. Mechanism on the elution order was investigated. It was found that 1) phosphate salt competed for the amide groups on the HILIC column with the phosphate groups of the nucleotides; 2) intramolecular hydrogen bonds might contribute to the elution order by offsetting and reducing the number of free hydrogen acceptor/donor of the nucleotide molecules interacting with the amide groups. This is the first HILIC method for ppGpp, which is feasible and applicable to a wide range of samples, especially tough samples, e.g., algae and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jin
- Shenzhen Public Platform of Screening & Application of Marine Microbial Resources, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Dynamic and Environment, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Yong Min Lao
- Shenzhen Public Platform of Screening & Application of Marine Microbial Resources, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Dynamic and Environment, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Shenzhen Public Platform of Screening & Application of Marine Microbial Resources, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Dynamic and Environment, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Huai Jin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Zhong Hua Cai
- Shenzhen Public Platform of Screening & Application of Marine Microbial Resources, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Dynamic and Environment, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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15
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Jandera P, Janás P. Recent advances in stationary phases and understanding of retention in hydrophilic interaction chromatography. A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 967:12-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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16
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Mateos-Vivas M, Domínguez-Álvarez J, Rodríguez-Gonzalo E, Carabias-Martínez R. Capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry employing hexafluoro-2-propanol for the determination of nucleosides and nucleotide mono-, di- and tri-phosphates in baby foods. Food Chem 2017; 233:38-44. [PMID: 28530588 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The present work describes a method for the simultaneous determination of unmodified nucleosides and nucleotide mono-, di- and tri-phosphates by capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (CE-MS). The use of hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) in the separation medium, and as an additive to the sheath liquid of the electrospray interface (ESI), generated a highly efficient and sensitive method. Instrumental limits of detection in the range of 14-53ngmL-1 for nucleosides and 7-23, 20-49 and 64-124ngmL-1 for nucleotide mono-, di-, and tri-phosphates, respectively, were found. Sample treatment involved diluting an aliquot of baby food with ultra-high quality water and applying centrifugation-assisted ultrafiltration (CUF). The proposed method was validated and used to analyse a variety of baby food samples (16 in total) such as fish, meat, fruits, and baby dairy desserts that may endogenously contain these analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Mateos-Vivas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Javier Domínguez-Álvarez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | | | - Rita Carabias-Martínez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
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17
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Du Y, Li YJ, Hu XX, Deng X, Qian ZT, Li Z, Guo MZ, Tang DQ. Development and evaluation of a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-MS/MS method to quantify 19 nucleobases and nucleosides in rat plasma. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
| | - Yin-jie Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
- Department of Pharmacy; Jiangsu Provincial Xuzhou Pharmaceutical Vocational College; Xuzhou China
| | - Xun-xiu Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
| | - Xu Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
| | - Zeng-ting Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
| | - Zheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
| | - Meng-zhe Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
| | - Dao-quan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
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18
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Xie SM, Yuan LM. Recent progress of chiral stationary phases for separation of enantiomers in gas chromatography. J Sep Sci 2016; 40:124-137. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ming Xie
- Department of Chemistry; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming P. R. China
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming P. R. China
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19
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Qiao L, Shi X, Xu G. Recent advances in development and characterization of stationary phases for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Takahashi S, Iizuka H, Kuwabara R, Naito Y, Sakamoto T, Miyagi A, Onozato M, Ichiba H, Fukushima T. Determination ofl-tryptophan andl-kynurenine derivatized with (R)-4-(3-isothiocyanatopyrrolidin-1-yl)-7-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole by LC-MS/MS on a triazole-bonded column and their quantification in human serum. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:1481-6. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuuhei Takahashi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Toho University; 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi Chiba 274-8510 Japan
| | - Hideaki Iizuka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Toho University; 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi Chiba 274-8510 Japan
| | - Ryousuke Kuwabara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Toho University; 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi Chiba 274-8510 Japan
| | - Yoko Naito
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Toho University; 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi Chiba 274-8510 Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sakamoto
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Toho University; 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi Chiba 274-8510 Japan
| | - Aya Miyagi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Toho University; 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi Chiba 274-8510 Japan
| | - Mayu Onozato
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Toho University; 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi Chiba 274-8510 Japan
| | - Hideaki Ichiba
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Toho University; 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi Chiba 274-8510 Japan
| | - Takeshi Fukushima
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Toho University; 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi Chiba 274-8510 Japan
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21
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Breitbach ZS, Berthod A, Huang K, Armstrong DW. Mass spectrometric detection of trace anions: The evolution of paired-ion electrospray ionization (PIESI). MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2016; 35:201-218. [PMID: 25648413 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The negative-ion mode of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is intrinsically less sensitive than the positive-ion mode. The detection and quantitation of anions can be performed in positive-ion mode by forming specific ion-pairs during the electrospray process. The paired-ion electrospray ionization (PIESI) method uses specially synthesized multifunctional cations to form positively charged adducts with the anions to be analyzed. The adducts are detected in the positive-ion mode and at higher m/z ratios to produce excellent signal-to-noise ratios and limits of detection that often are orders of magnitude better than those obtained with native anions in the negative-ion mode. This review briefly summarizes the different analytical approaches to detect and separate anions. It focuses on the recently introduced PIESI method to present the most effective dicationic, tricationic, and tetracationic reagents for the detection of singly and multiply charged anions and some zwitterions. The mechanism by which specific structural molecular architectures can have profound effects on signal intensities is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary S Breitbach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Planetarium Place, Arlington, 76019, Texas
| | - Alain Berthod
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, University of Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne, 69100, France
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Planetarium Place, Arlington, 76019, Texas
| | - Daniel W Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Planetarium Place, Arlington, 76019, Texas
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22
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Chen J, Hou W, Han B, Liu G, Gong J, Li Y, Zhong D, Liao Q, Xie Z. Target-based metabolomics for the quantitative measurement of 37 pathway metabolites in rat brain and serum using hydrophilic interaction ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:2527-42. [PMID: 26873199 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids, neurotransmitters, purines, and pyrimidines are bioactive molecules that play fundamental roles in maintaining various physiological functions. Their metabolism is closely related to the health, growth, development, reproduction, and homeostasis of organisms. Most recently, comprehensive measurements of these metabolites have shown their potential as innovative approaches in disease surveillance or drug intervention. However, simultaneous measurement of these metabolites presents great difficulties. Here, we report a novel quantitative method that uses hydrophilic interaction ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-UPLC-MS/MS), which is highly selective, high throughput, and exhibits better chromatographic behavior than existing methods. The developed method enabled the rapid quantification of 37 metabolites, spanning amino acids, neurotransmitters, purines, and pyrimidines pathways, within 6.5 min. The compounds were separated on an ACQUITY UPLC® BEH Amide column. Serum and brain homogenate were extracted by protein precipitation. The intra- and interday precision of all of the analytes was less than 11.34 %, and the accuracy was between -11.74 and 11.51 % for all quality control (QC) levels. The extraction recoveries of serum ranged from 84.58 % to 116.43 % and those of brain samples from 80.80 % to 119.39 %, while the RSD was 14.61 % or less for all recoveries. This method was used to successfully characterize alterations in the rat brain and, in particular, their dynamics in serum. The following study was performed to simultaneously test global changes of these metabolites in a serotonin antagonist p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA)-induced anxiety and insomnia rat model to understand the effect and mechanism of PCPA. Taken together, these results show that the method is able to simultaneously monitor a large panel of metabolites and that this protocol may represent a metabolomic method to diagnose toxicological and pathophysiological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Waner Hou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Bo Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Guanghui Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Jin Gong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Yemeng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Danmin Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qiongfeng Liao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China.
| | - Zhiyong Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China. .,Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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23
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Eastwood H, Xia F, Lo MC, Zhou J, Jordan JB, McCarter J, Barnhart WW, Gahm KH. Development of a nucleotide sugar purification method using a mixed mode column & mass spectrometry detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 115:402-9. [PMID: 26279371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of nucleotide sugars, nucleoside di- and triphosphates and sugar-phosphates is an essential step in the process of understanding enzymatic pathways. A facile and rapid separation method was developed to analyze these compounds present in an enzymatic reaction mixture utilized to produce nucleotide sugars. The Primesep SB column explored in this study utilizes hydrophobic interactions as well as electrostatic interactions with the phosphoric portion of the nucleotide sugars. Ammonium formate buffer was selected due to its compatibility with mass spectrometry. Negative ion mode mass spectrometry was adopted for detection of the sugar phosphate (fucose-1-phophate), as the compound is not amenable to UV detection. Various mobile phase conditions such as pH, buffer concentration and organic modifier were explored. The semi-preparative separation method was developed to prepare 30mg of the nucleotide sugar. (19)F NMR was utilized to determine purity of the purified fluorinated nucleotide sugar. The collected nucleotide sugar was found to be 99% pure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Eastwood
- Department of Molecular Structure & Characterization, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, United States.
| | - Fang Xia
- ASK-Gene Pharma, Inc., Camarillo, CA 93012, United States
| | - Mei-Chu Lo
- Department of Molecular Structure & Characterization, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, United States
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Molecular Structure & Characterization, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, United States
| | - John B Jordan
- Department of Molecular Structure & Characterization, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, United States
| | - John McCarter
- Department of Molecular Structure & Characterization, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, United States
| | - Wesley W Barnhart
- Department of Molecular Structure & Characterization, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, United States
| | - Kyung-Hyun Gahm
- Department of Molecular Structure & Characterization, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, United States
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24
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Kamčeva T, Bjånes T, Svardal A, Riedel B, Schjøtt J, Eide T. Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantification of eight endogenous nucleotides and the intracellular gemcitabine metabolite dFdCTP in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 1001:212-20. [PMID: 26281773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of endogenous nucleotides is of interest for investigation of numerous cellular biochemical processes, such as energy metabolism and signal transduction, and may also be applied in cancer and antiretroviral therapies in which nucleoside analogues are used. For these purposes we developed and validated a sensitive and high accuracy ion-pair liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (IP LC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous quantification of eight endogenous nucleotides (ATP, CTP, GTP, UTP, dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP) and 2',2'-difluoro-2'-deoxycytidine triphosphate (dFdCTP), an intracellular metabolite of the nucleoside analogue gemcitabine. The assay was validated using 200μL aliquots of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (20×10(6)cells/ml, 4×10(6)cells) extracts, pretreated with activated charcoal and spiked with unlabeled nucleotides, deoxynucleotides and dFdCTP. Analytes were extracted by simple precipitation with cold 60% methanol containing isotope labeled internal standards and separated on a porous graphitic carbon column. For method validation, the concentration ranges were: 0.125-20.8pmol injected for deoxynucleotides, 0.25-312.5pmol injected for dFdCTP and 5-3200pmol injected for nucleotides. The highest coefficients of variation (CV) were 12.1% for within run assay and 11.4% for between run assay, both representing the precision at the lowest analyte concentrations. The method was applied to monitor dFdCTP and changes in endogenous nucleotides in patients who were receiving gemcitabine infusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Kamčeva
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Tormod Bjånes
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Asbjørn Svardal
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Bettina Riedel
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5020 Bergen, Norway; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Jan Schjøtt
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5020 Bergen, Norway; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Torunn Eide
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
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25
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Silica-based 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)-1,3-propanediol hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography stationary phase for separating cephalosporins and carbapenems. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:6217-20. [PMID: 26022095 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8779-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A silica-based stationary phase bearing both hydrophilic hydroxyl and amino groups was developed by covalently bonding a small molecular N,N-dimethylamino 1,3-propanediol moiety onto silica beads via copper(I)-catalyzed Huisgen azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC). This new stationary phase showed good HILIC characteristics and high column efficiency (the theoretical plate number is up to 37000 plates m(-1) in the case of inosine) in the separation of polar compounds, such as nucleosides and bases, organic acids, cephalosporins, and carbapenems.
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26
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Quantitation of endogenous nucleoside triphosphates and nucleosides in human cells by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:3693-704. [PMID: 25749797 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8588-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Nucleosides and nucleoside triphosphates are the building blocks of nucleic acids and important bioactive metabolites, existing in all living cells. In the present study, two liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry methods were developed to quantify both groups of compounds from the same sample with a shared extraction procedure. After a simple protein precipitation with methanol, the nucleosides were separated with reversed phase chromatography on an Atlantis T3 column while for the separation of the nucleoside triphosphates, an anion exchange column (BioBasic AX) was used. No addition of ion pair reagent was required. A 5500 QTrap was used as analyzer, operating as triple quadrupole. The analytical method for the nucleoside triphosphates has been validated according to the guidelines of the US Food and Drug Administration. The lower limit of quantification values were determined as 10 pg on column (0.5 ng/mL in the injection solution) for deoxyadenosine triphosphate and deoxyguanosine triphosphate, 20 pg (1 ng/mL) for deoxycytidine triphosphate and thymidine triphosphate, 100 pg (5 ng/mL) for cytidine triphosphate and guanosine triphosphate, and 500 pg (25 ng/mL) for adenosine triphosphate und uridine triphosphate respectively. This methodology has been applied to the quantitation of nucleosides and nucleoside triphosphates in primary human CD4 T lymphocytes and macrophages. As expected, the concentrations for ribonucleosides and ribonucleoside triphophates were considerably higher than those obtained for the deoxy derivatives. Upon T cell receptor activation, the levels of all analytes, with the notable exceptions of deoxyadenosine triphosphate and deoxyguanosine triphosphate, were found to be elevated in CD4 T cells.
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27
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Dolzan MD, Spudeit DA, Breitbach ZS, Barber WE, Micke GA, Armstrong DW. Comparison of superficially porous and fully porous silica supports used for a cyclofructan 6 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatographic stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1365:124-30. [PMID: 25260342 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A new HILIC stationary phase comprised of native cyclofructan-6 (CF6) bonded to superficially porous silica particles (2.7μm) was developed. Its performance was evaluated and compared to fully porous silica particles with 5μm (commercially available as FRULIC-N) and 3μm diameters. Faster and more efficient chromatography was achieved with the superficially porous particles (SPPs). The columns were also evaluated in the normal phase mode. The peak efficiency, analysis time, resolution, and overall separation capabilities in both HILIC and normal phase modes were compared. The analysis times using the superficially porous based column in HILIC mode were shorter and the theoretical plates/min were higher over the entire range of flow rates studied. The column containing the superficially porous particles demonstrated higher optimum flow rates than the fully porous particle packed columns. At higher flow rates, the advantages of the superficially porous particles was more pronounced in normal phase separations than in HILIC, clearly demonstrating the influence that the mode of chromatography has on band broadening. However, the minimum reduced plate heights (hmin) were typically lower in HILIC than in the normal phase mode. Overall, the superficially porous particle based CF6 column showed clear advantages over the fully porous particle columns, in terms of high throughput and efficient separations of polar compounds in the HILIC mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maressa D Dolzan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA; Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniel A Spudeit
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA; Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Zachary S Breitbach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - William E Barber
- Agilent Technologies Inc., 2850 Centerville Road, Wilmington, DE 19808, USA
| | - Gustavo A Micke
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniel W Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA; AZYP LLC, 700 Planetarium Place, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
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28
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Smuts JP, Hao XQ, Han Z, Parpia C, Krische MJ, Armstrong DW. Enantiomeric Separations of Chiral Sulfonic and Phosphoric Acids with Barium-Doped Cyclofructan Selectors via an Ion Interaction Mechanism. Anal Chem 2013; 86:1282-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ac403686a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P. Smuts
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Xin-Qi Hao
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Zhaobin Han
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Curran Parpia
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Michael J. Krische
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019, United States
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