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Isom M, Desaire H. Skin Surface Sebum Analysis by ESI-MS. Biomolecules 2024; 14:790. [PMID: 39062504 PMCID: PMC11274890 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin surface is an important sample source that the metabolomics community has only just begun to explore. Alterations in sebum, the lipid-rich mixture coating the skin surface, correlate with age, sex, ethnicity, diet, exercise, and disease state, making the skin surface an ideal sample source for future noninvasive biomarker exploration, disease diagnosis, and forensic investigation. The potential of sebum sampling has been realized primarily via electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), an ideal approach to assess the skin surface lipidome. However, a better understanding of sebum collection and subsequent ESI-MS analysis is required before skin surface sampling can be implemented in routine analyses. Challenges include ambiguity in definitive lipid identification, inherent biological variability in sebum production, and methodological, technical variability in analyses. To overcome these obstacles, avoid common pitfalls, and achieve reproducible, robust outcomes, every portion of the workflow-from sample collection to data analysis-should be carefully considered with the specific application in mind. This review details current practices in sebum sampling, sample preparation, ESI-MS data acquisition, and data analysis, and it provides important considerations in acquiring meaningful lipidomic datasets from the skin surface. Forensic researchers investigating sebum as a means for suspect elimination in lieu of adequate fingerprint ridge detail or database matches, as well as clinical researchers interested in noninvasive biomarker exploration, disease diagnosis, and treatment monitoring, can use this review as a guide for developing methods of best-practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather Desaire
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
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2
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Role of Omega-Hydroxy Ceramides in Epidermis: Biosynthesis, Barrier Integrity and Analyzing Method. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24055035. [PMID: 36902463 PMCID: PMC10003399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Attached to the outer surface of the corneocyte lipid envelope (CLE), omega-hydroxy ceramides (ω-OH-Cer) link to involucrin and function as lipid components of the stratum corneum (SC). The integrity of the skin barrier is highly dependent on the lipid components of SC, especially on ω-OH-Cer. Synthetic ω-OH-Cer supplementation has been utilized in clinical practice for epidermal barrier injury and related surgeries. However, the mechanism discussion and analyzing methods are not keeping pace with its clinical application. Though mass spectrometry (MS) is the primary choice for biomolecular analysis, method modifications for ω-OH-Cer identification are lacking in progress. Therefore, finding conclusions on ω-OH-Cer biological function, as well as on its identification, means it is vital to remind further researchers of how the following work should be done. This review summarizes the important role of ω-OH-Cer in epidermal barrier functions and the forming mechanism of ω-OH-Cer. Recent identification methods for ω-OH-Cer are also discussed, which could provide new inspirations for study on both ω-OH-Cer and skin care development.
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3
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Berdyshev E, Bronova I, Leung DYM, Goleva E. Methodological Considerations for Lipid and Polar Component Analyses in Human Skin Stratum Corneum. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:659-668. [PMID: 34264438 PMCID: PMC8551066 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-01016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Collection of skin very top layer, called stratum corneum, by tape stripping and the analysis of stratum corneum components by mass spectrometry provides multiple advantages for clinical studies that aim to understand the origins of allergic skin diseases and food allergy. However, such a methodology has multiple challenges on the way of complex stratum corneum analysis when molecules of different polarity are needed to be analyzed from minimal amount of skin tape strips. This review provides an overview of current knowledge about lipid and polar molecules in the skin, discusses challenging aspects of sample processing when dealing with skin tape strips, and provides some guidance towards approaches that generate complex, quantitative, normalized to total sample protein data that fit best the purpose of analysis of stratum corneum components for the purpose of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Berdyshev
- National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Goodman Building, K924b, Denver, CO, 80206, USA.
| | - I Bronova
- National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Goodman Building, K924b, Denver, CO, 80206, USA
| | - D Y M Leung
- National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Goodman Building, K924b, Denver, CO, 80206, USA
| | - E Goleva
- National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Goodman Building, K924b, Denver, CO, 80206, USA
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4
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Kim BK, Shon JC, Seo HS, Liu KH, Lee JW, Ahn SK, Hong SP. Decrease of ceramides with long-chain fatty acids in psoriasis: Possible inhibitory effect of interferon gamma on chain elongation. Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:122-132. [PMID: 34270128 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Reportedly, decreases in fatty acid (FA) chain length of ceramide (CER) are associated with interferon-γ (IFN-γ), which shows increased expression in psoriasis. However, the underlying mechanism of this association remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to clarify this association between FA chain length of CER, IFN-γ, and the major transcriptional factors involving psoriasis. CER profiling according to FA chain length and class was performed in murine epidermis (n = 10 BALB/c mice topically treated with imiquimod, n = 10 controls) and human stratum corneum (SC) (n = 12 psoriasis, n = 11 controls). The expression of lipid synthetic enzymes, including elongases (ELOVLs), in murine epidermis was also measured using RT-PCR. Furthermore, the association of IFN-γ with various enzymes and transcription factors involved in the generation of long-chain CERs was also investigated using in vitro keratinocyte. A significant decrease in the percentage of long-chain CERs was observed in psoriasis-like murine epidermis and human psoriatic SC. Additionally, the expression levels of ELOVL1, ELOVL4, and ceramide synthase3 (CerS3) were significantly decreased in psoriasis-like murine epidermis and IFN-γ-treated keratinocyte. There was also a significant decrease in the expression of transcriptional factors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), in IFN-γ treated keratinocyte. Thus, it could be suggested that IFN-γ may regulate ELOVL and CerS levels by down-regulating the transcriptional factors. Additionally, given the possible involvement of PPARs or liver X receptor agonist in the CER elongation process, they may serve as potential therapeutic agents for lengthening the CER FAs in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Kyung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Cheol Shon
- BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seok Seo
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyeon Liu
- BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ku Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Phil Hong
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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5
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Smirnov VV, Egorenkov EA, Myasnikova TN, Petukhov AE, Gegechkori VI, Sukhanova AM, Ramenskaya GV. Lipidomic analysis as a tool for identifying susceptibility to various skin diseases. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1871-1874. [PMID: 32952993 PMCID: PMC7478151 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00364a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review is about the significance of the use of lipidomic analysis for identifying susceptibility to skin diseases. Exactly this article describes the use of lipidomic analysis in different studies to detect abnormalities in the lipid composition of the skin to diagnose and prevent various dermatological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy V Smirnov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University) , 119991 Moscow , Russia .
- NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia , 115478 Moscow , Russia
| | | | | | - Alexey E Petukhov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University) , 119991 Moscow , Russia .
| | - Vladimir I Gegechkori
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University) , 119991 Moscow , Russia .
| | - Anna M Sukhanova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University) , 119991 Moscow , Russia .
| | - Galina V Ramenskaya
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University) , 119991 Moscow , Russia .
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6
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Jamin EL, Jacques C, Jourdes L, Tabet JC, Borotra N, Bessou-Touya S, Debrauwer L, Duplan H. Identification of lipids of the stratum corneum by high performance thin layer chromatography and mass spectrometry. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2019; 25:278-290. [PMID: 30545248 DOI: 10.1177/1469066718815380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the epidermis, is the most important skin barrier against exogenous physical and chemical effects, in addition to protecting against dehydration. Ceramides are integral parts of the intercellular lipid lamellae of the stratum corneum and play an important role in the barrier function of mammalian skin. Ceramides are sphingolipids consisting of sphingoid bases linked to fatty acids by an amide bond. Typical sphingoid bases in the skin are composed of dihydrosphingosine, sphingosine, phytosphingosine, and 6-hydroxysphingosine, and the fatty acid acyl chains are composed of non-hydroxy fatty acid, α-hydroxy fatty acid, ω-hydroxy fatty acid, and esterified ω-hydroxy fatty acid. Analytical methods, such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, high performance thin layer chromatography with UV detection, and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, have been developed for the identification and quantification of ceramides in the stratum corneum. However, only a few publications relate to the mass fragmentation patterns specific to ceramide types to determine the structure of skin ceramides. Moreover, these studies provide very limited structural information and only for some ceramides. Therefore, the aim of our study was to develop a quick and easy method of quantification of ceramides, cholesterol, and free fatty acids by high performance thin layer chromatography with ultraviolet detection. High performance thin layer chromatography with ultraviolet detection was also coupled with mass spectrometry using negative ionization by electrospray and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for identification of ceramides' structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilien L Jamin
- 1 Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
- 2 Axiom Platform, MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Carine Jacques
- 3 Pierre Fabre Dermo-cosmétique, Pharmacology Unit, Toulouse, France
| | - Laëtitia Jourdes
- 3 Pierre Fabre Dermo-cosmétique, Pharmacology Unit, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Claude Tabet
- 4 Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse (SPI), Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, CEA, INRA, Université Paris Saclay, MetaboHUB, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- 5 Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Borotra
- 3 Pierre Fabre Dermo-cosmétique, Pharmacology Unit, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Laurent Debrauwer
- 1 Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
- 2 Axiom Platform, MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Hélène Duplan
- 3 Pierre Fabre Dermo-cosmétique, Pharmacology Unit, Toulouse, France
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7
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Gil A, van der Pol A, van der Meer P, Bischoff R. LC-MS analysis of key components of the glutathione cycle in tissues and body fluids from mice with myocardial infarction. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 160:289-296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Ludovici M, Kozul N, Materazzi S, Risoluti R, Picardo M, Camera E. Influence of the sebaceous gland density on the stratum corneum lipidome. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11500. [PMID: 30065281 PMCID: PMC6068117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29742-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin surface lipids (SSL) result from the blending of sebaceous and epidermal lipids, which derive from the sebaceous gland (SG) secretion and the permeability barrier of the stratum corneum (SC), respectively. In humans, the composition of the SSL is distinctive of the anatomical distribution of the SG. Thus, the abundance of sebum biomarkers is consistent with the density of the SG. Limited evidence on the influence that the SG exerts on the SC lipidome is available. We explored the differential amounts of sebaceous and epidermal lipids in areas at different SG density with lipidomics approaches. SC was sampled with adhesive patches from forearm, chest, and forehead of 10 healthy adults (8F, 2M) after mechanical removal of sebum with absorbing paper. Lipid extracts of SC were analysed by HPLC/(-)ESI-TOF-MS. In the untargeted approach, the naïve molecular features extraction algorithm was used to extract meaningful entities. Aligned and normalized data were evaluated by univariate and multivariate statistics. Quantitative analysis of free fatty acids (FFA) and cholesterol sulfate (CHS) was performed by targeted HPLC/(-)ESI-TOF-MS, whereas cholesterol and squalene were quantified by GC-MS. Untargeted approaches demonstrated that the relative abundance of numerous lipid species was distinctive of SC depending upon the different SG density. The discriminating species included FFA, CHS, and ceramides. Targeted analyses confirmed that sebaceous FFA and epidermal FFA were increased and decreased, respectively, in areas at high SG density. CHS and squalene, which are biomarkers of epidermal and sebaceous lipid matrices, respectively, were both significantly higher in areas at elevated SG density. Overall, results indicated that the SG secretion intervenes in shaping the lipid composition of the epidermal permeability barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ludovici
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nina Kozul
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Camera
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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9
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Cubells-Baeza N, Gómez-Casado C, Tordesillas L, Ramírez-Castillejo C, Garrido-Arandia M, González-Melendi P, Herrero M, Pacios LF, Díaz-Perales A. Identification of the ligand of Pru p 3, a peach LTP. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 94:33-44. [PMID: 28299506 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-017-0590-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pru p 3, a peach LTP, is located in pollinated flower styles and secreting downy hairs, transporting a derivative of camptothecin bound to phytosphingosine. Pru p 3 may inhibit a second pollination and may keep away herbivores until seed maturation. The allergen Pru p 3, a peach lipid transfer protein, has been well studied. However, its physiological function remains to be elucidated. Our results showed that Pru p 3 usually carries a lipid ligand that play an essential role in its function in plants. Using ESI-qToF, we observed that the ligand was a derivative of camptothecin binding to phytosphingosine, wich that is inserted into the hydrophobic tunnel of the protein. In addition, the described ligand displayed topoisomerase I activity inhibition and self-fluorescence, both recognized as camptothecin properties. During flower development, the highest expression of Pru p 3 was detected in the styles of pollinated flowers, in contrast to its non-expression in unpollinated pistils, where expression decreased after anthesis. During ripening, the expression of Pru p 3 were observed mainly in peel but not in pulp. In this sense, Pru p 3 protein was also localized in trichomes covering the fruit epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Cubells-Baeza
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, ETSIAAB, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Carmen Ramírez-Castillejo
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, ETSIAAB, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Garrido-Arandia
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, ETSIAAB, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo González-Melendi
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, ETSIAAB, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Herrero
- Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis F Pacios
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Natural Systems and Resources, ETSI Montes, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Araceli Díaz-Perales
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, ETSIAAB, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Large-scale human skin lipidomics by quantitative, high-throughput shotgun mass spectrometry. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43761. [PMID: 28266621 PMCID: PMC5339821 DOI: 10.1038/srep43761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The lipid composition of human skin is essential for its function; however the simultaneous quantification of a wide range of stratum corneum (SC) and sebaceous lipids is not trivial. We developed and validated a quantitative high-throughput shotgun mass spectrometry-based platform for lipid analysis of tape-stripped SC skin samples. It features coverage of 16 lipid classes; total quantification to the level of individual lipid molecules; high reproducibility and high-throughput capabilities. With this method we conducted a large lipidomic survey of 268 human SC samples, where we investigated the relationship between sampling depth and lipid composition, lipidome variability in samples from 14 different sampling sites on the human body and finally, we assessed the impact of age and sex on lipidome variability in 104 healthy subjects. We found sebaceous lipids to constitute an abundant component of the SC lipidome as they diffuse into the topmost SC layers forming a gradient. Lipidomic variability with respect to sampling depth, site and subject is considerable, and mainly accredited to sebaceous lipids, while stratum corneum lipids vary less. This stresses the importance of sampling design and the role of sebaceous lipids in skin studies.
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Park KT, Shon JC, Kim JE, Park GH, Choi HJ, Liu KH. Sulfatides Primarily Exist in the Substantia Nigra Region of Mouse Brain Tissue. Lipids 2017; 52:179-187. [PMID: 28078602 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lipid distribution in the brain is important for many biological functions and has been associated with some brain diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate lipid distribution in different regions of brain tissue in mice. To this end, substantia nigra (SN), caudate putamen (CPu), hippocampus (Hip), hypothalamus (Hyp), and cortex (Cx) tissues of mice were analyzed using direct infusion nanoelectrospray-ion trap mass spectrometry and multivariate analyses. The SN, CPu, Hip, Hyp, and Cx groups showed clear differences in lipid distribution using principal component analysis and a partial least-squares discriminant analysis score plot, and lipid levels were significantly different in different brain regions. In particular, sulfatides were mainly distributed in the SN region. Our results could be used to help understand the functions and mechanisms of lipids in various brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kab-Tae Park
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea
| | - Jong Cheol Shon
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea
| | - Gyu Hwan Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, 13488, Korea.
| | - Kwang-Hyeon Liu
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea.
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12
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Kim D, Lee NR, Park SY, Jun M, Lee K, Kim S, Park CS, Liu KH, Choi EH. As in Atopic Dermatitis, Nonlesional Skin in Allergic Contact Dermatitis Displays Abnormalities in Barrier Function and Ceramide Content. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 137:748-750. [PMID: 27826010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Donghye Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Noo Ri Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Sang-Yeon Park
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Myungsoo Jun
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Kyohoon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunki Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Seo Park
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyeon Liu
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eung Ho Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
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Structural identification of skin ceramides containing ω-hydroxy acyl chains using mass spectrometry. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:1426-1432. [PMID: 27432202 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0794-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The stratum corneum (SC) acts as a barrier that protects organisms against the environment and from transepidermal water loss. It consists of corneocytes embedded in a matrix of lipid metabolites (ceramides, cholesterol, and free fatty acids). Of these lipids, ceramides are sphingolipids consisting of sphingoid bases, linked to fatty acyl chains. Typical fatty acid acyl chains are composed of α-hydroxy fatty acids (A), esterified ω-hydroxy fatty acids (EO), non-hydroxy fatty acids (N), and ω-hydroxy fatty acids (O). Of these, O-type ceramides are ester-linked via their ω-hydroxyl group to proteins in the cornified envelope and can be released and extracted following mild alkaline hydrolysis. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis of O-type ceramides using chip-based direct infusion nanoelectrospray-ion trap mass spectrometry generated the characteristic fragmentation pattern of both acyl and sphingoid units, suggesting that this method could be applied to the structural identification of O-type ceramides. Based on the MS/MS fragmentation patterns of O-type ceramides, comprehensive fragmentation schemes are proposed. In addition, we have also developed a method for identifying and profiling O-type ceramides in the mouse and guinea pig SC. This information may be used to identify O-type ceramides in the SC of animal skin.
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Quantitative analysis of ceramides using a novel lipidomics approach with three dimensional response modelling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:1652-1661. [PMID: 27422369 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC), ceramides form a diverse and essential pool of lipids. Due to their diversity and the limited availability of synthetic standards it is challenging to quantitatively analyse all SC ceramides independently. We aim to perform a detailed analysis of ceramides on SC harvested from in vivo and ex vivo skin, therefore, a LC/MS method was developed in which all steps from sample acquisition until data analysis were examined and optimized. Improving extraction efficiency of ceramides resulted in an increase in efficiency from 71.5% to 99.3%. It was shown that sample harvesting by tape-stripping in vivo was accurate and precise. A full scan MS method was developed, compatible with all sample types, enabling simultaneously qualitative and quantitative data analysis. A novel three dimensional response model was constructed to quantify all detected ceramides from full scan data using a limited amount of synthetic ceramides. The application is demonstrated on various SC sample types. When ex vivo SC was regenerated during human skin culture, increases are observed in the amount of the ceramide sphingosine subclasses, in mono unsaturated ceramides (which have an cis-double bond in the acyl chain), and ceramides with a short C34 carbon chain (ceramides with a total carbon chain of 34 carbon atoms), compared with native human skin. These changes in ceramide levels are also often encountered in diseased skin.
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Li S, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. Lipidomic analysis of epidermal lipids: a tool to predict progression of inflammatory skin disease in humans. Expert Rev Proteomics 2016; 13:451-6. [PMID: 27121756 PMCID: PMC4939172 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2016.1177462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lipidomics is the large-scale profiling and characterization of lipid species in a biological system using mass spectrometry. The skin barrier is mainly comprised of corneocytes and a lipid-enriched extracellular matrix. The major skin lipids are ceramides, cholesterol and free fatty acids (FFA). Lipid compositions are altered in inflammatory skin disorders with disrupted skin barrier such as atopic dermatitis (AD). AREAS COVERED Here we discuss some of the recent applications of lipidomics in human skin biology and in inflammatory skin diseases such as AD, psoriasis and Netherton syndrome. We also review applications of lipidomics in human skin equivalent and in pre-clinical animal models of skin diseases to gain insight into the pathogenesis of the skin disease. Expert commentary: Skin lipidomics analysis could be a fast, reliable and noninvasive tool to characterize the skin lipid profile and to monitor the progression of inflammatory skin diseases such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, OSU-OHSU
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, OSU-OHSU
- Molecular Cell Biology Program
| | - Arup K. Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, OSU-OHSU
- Molecular Cell Biology Program
- Linus Pauling Science Institute, OSU, Corvallis, OR
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, OR
- Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, OR
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Wu Z, Shon JC, Lee D, Park KT, Park CS, Lee T, Lee HS, Liu KH. Lipidomic platform for structural identification of skin ceramides with α-hydroxyacyl chains. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:2069-82. [PMID: 26815554 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Skin ceramides are sphingolipids consisting of sphingoid bases, which are linked to fatty acids via an amide bond. Typical fatty acid acyl chains are composed of α-hydroxy fatty acid (A), esterified ω-hydroxy fatty acid (EO), non-hydroxy fatty acid (N), and ω-hydroxy fatty acid (O). We recently established a lipidomic platform to identify skin ceramides with non-hydroxyacyl chains using tandem mass spectrometry. We expanded our study to establish a lipidomic platform to identify skin ceramides with α-hydroxyacyl chains. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis of A-type ceramides using chip-based direct infusion nanoelectrospray-mass spectrometry showed the characteristic fragmentation pattern of both acyl and sphingoid units, which can be applied for structural identification of ceramides. Based on the tandem mass spectrometry fragmentation patterns of A-type ceramides, comprehensive fragmentation schemes were proposed. Our results may be useful for identifying A-type ceramides in the stratum corneum of human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhexue Wu
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Cheol Shon
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Doohyun Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kab-Tae Park
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Seo Park
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, 26 Pil-dong 3-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Suk Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok 2-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 420-743, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Hyeon Liu
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea.
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Lanzini J, Dargère D, Regazzetti A, Tebani A, Laprévote O, Auzeil N. Changing in lipid profile induced by the mutation of Foxn1 gene: A lipidomic analysis of Nude mice skin. Biochimie 2015; 118:234-43. [PMID: 26427556 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Nude mice carry a spontaneous mutation affecting the gene Foxn1 mainly expressed in the epidermis. This gene is involved in several skin functions, especially in the proliferation and the differentiation of keratinocytes which are key cells of epithelial barrier. The skin, a protective barrier for the body, is essentially composed of lipids. Taking into account these factors, we conducted a lipidomic study to search for any changes in lipid composition of skin possibly related to Foxn1 mutation. Lipids were extracted from skin biopsies of Nude and BALB/c mice to be analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to a high resolution mass spectrometer (HRMS). Multivariate and univariate data analyses were carried out to compare lipid extracts. Identification was performed using HRMS data, retention time and mass spectrometry fragmentation study. These results indicate that mutation of Foxn1 leads to significant modifications in the lipidome in Nude mice skin. An increase in cholesterol sulfate, phospholipids, sphingolipids and fatty acids associated with a decrease in glycerolipids suggest that the lipidome in mice skin is regulated by the Foxn1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Lanzini
- UMR CNRS 8638, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, 4 Avenue de L'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Delphine Dargère
- UMR CNRS 8638, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, 4 Avenue de L'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Anne Regazzetti
- UMR CNRS 8638, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, 4 Avenue de L'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Abdellah Tebani
- UMR CNRS 8638, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, 4 Avenue de L'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Laprévote
- UMR CNRS 8638, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, 4 Avenue de L'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France; AP-HP, Service de Toxicologie Biologique, Hôpital Lariboisière, 4 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
| | - Nicolas Auzeil
- UMR CNRS 8638, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, 4 Avenue de L'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France.
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Advances in sample preparation and analytical techniques for lipidomics study of clinical samples. Trends Analyt Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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