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Su Y, Sharma NS, John JV, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK, Gombart AF, Xie J. Engineered Exosomes Containing Cathelicidin/LL-37 Exhibit Multiple Biological Functions. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200849. [PMID: 35930707 PMCID: PMC9588668 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes show great potential in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Inspired by the human innate immune defense, herein, we report engineered exosomes derived from monocytic cells treated with immunomodulating compounds 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and CYP24A1 inhibitor VID400 which are slowly released from electrospun nanofiber matrices. These engineered exosomes contain significantly more cathelicidin/LL-37 when compared with exosomes derived from either untreated cells or Cathelicidin Human Tagged ORF Clone transfected cells. In addition, such exosomes exhibit multiple biological functions evidenced by killing bacteria, facilitating human umbilical vein endothelial cell tube formation, and enhancing skin cell proliferation and migration. Taken together, the engineered exosomes developed in this study can be used as therapeutics alone or in combination with other biomaterials for effective infection management, wound healing, and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Su
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, 68198, USA
| | - Navatha Shree Sharma
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, 68198, USA
| | - Johnson V John
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, 68198, USA
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - Arup K Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA
| | - Adrian F Gombart
- Linus Pauling Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, 68198, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, USA
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2
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Bhattacharya N, Indra AK, Ganguli-Indra G. Selective Ablation of BCL11A in Epidermal Keratinocytes Alters Skin Homeostasis and Accelerates Excisional Wound Healing In Vivo. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132106. [PMID: 35805190 PMCID: PMC9265695 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional regulator BCL11A plays a crucial role in coordinating a suite of developmental processes including skin morphogenesis, barrier functions and lipid metabolism. There is little or no reports so far documenting the role of BCL11A in postnatal adult skin homeostasis and in the physiological process of tissue repair and regeneration. The current study establishes for the first time the In Vivo role of epidermal BCL11A in maintaining adult epidermal homeostasis and as a negative regulator of cutaneous wound healing. Conditional ablation of Bcl11a in skin epidermal keratinocytes (Bcl11aep−/−mice) enhances the keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation program, suggesting its critical role in epidermal homeostasis of adult murine skin. Further, loss of keratinocytic BCL11A promotes rapid closure of excisional wounds both in a cell autonomous manner likely via accelerating wound re-epithelialization and in a non-cell autonomous manner by enhancing angiogenesis. The epidermis specific Bcl11a knockout mouse serves as a prototype to gain mechanistic understanding of various downstream pathways converging towards the manifestation of an accelerated healing phenotype upon its deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilika Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Arup K. Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Linus Pauling Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Dermatology, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Correspondence: (A.K.I.); (G.G.-I.)
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
- OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Correspondence: (A.K.I.); (G.G.-I.)
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3
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Carpenter EL, Wyant MB, Indra A, Ito S, Wakamatsu K, Merrill GF, Moos PJ, Cassidy PB, Leachman SA, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. Thioredoxin Reductase 1 Modulates Pigmentation and Photobiology of Murine Melanocytes in vivo. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:1903-1911.e5. [PMID: 35031135 PMCID: PMC10771865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pigment-producing melanocytes overcome frequent oxidative stress in their physiological role of protecting the skin against the deleterious effects of solar UV irradiation. This is accomplished by the activity of several endogenous antioxidant systems, including the thioredoxin antioxidant system, in which thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1) plays an important part. To determine whether TR1 contributes to the redox regulation of melanocyte homeostasis, we have generated a selective melanocytic Txnrd1-knockout mouse model (Txnrd1mel‒/‒), which exhibits a depigmentation phenotype consisting of variable amelanotic ventral spotting and reduced pigmentation on the extremities (tail tip, ears, and paws). The antioxidant role of TR1 was further probed in the presence of acute neonatal UVB irradiation, which stimulates melanocyte activation and introduces a spike in oxidative stress in the skin microenvironment. Interestingly, we observed a significant reduction in overall melanocyte count and proliferation in the absence of TR1. Furthermore, melanocytes exhibited an elevated level of UV-induced DNA damage in the form of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine after acute UVB treatment. We also saw an engagement of compensatory antioxidant mechanisms through increased nuclear localization of transcription factor NRF2. Altogether, these data indicate that melanocytic TR1 positively regulates melanocyte homeostasis and pigmentation during development and protects against UVB-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan L Carpenter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Mark B Wyant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Aaryan Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Corvallis High School, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Gary F Merrill
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, College of Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Philip J Moos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Pamela B Cassidy
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Sancy A Leachman
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Arup K Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, College of Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
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Su Y, Ganguli-Indra G, Bhattacharya N, Logan IE, Indra AK, Gombart AF, Wong SL, Xie J. Codelivery of 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 and CYP24A1 Inhibitor VID400 by Nanofiber Dressings Promotes Endogenous Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 Induction. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:974-984. [PMID: 35179903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Surgical site infections represent a significant clinical problem. Herein, we report a nanofiber dressing for topical codelivery of immunomodulating compounds including 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and VID400, a CYP24A1 inhibitor in a sustained manner, for inducing the expression of the endogenous cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) gene encoding the hCAP18 protein, which is processed into the LL-37 peptide. Nanofiber wound dressings with coencapsulation of 1,25(OH)2D3 and VID400 were generated by electrospinning. Both 1,25(OH)2D3 and VID400 were coencapsulated into nanofibers with loading efficiencies higher than 90% and exhibited a prolonged release from nanofiber membranes longer than 28 days. Incubation with 1,25(OH)2D3/VID400-coencapsulated poly(ϵ-caprolactone) nanofiber membranes greatly induced the hCAP18/LL-37 gene expression in monocytes, neutrophils, and keratinocytes in vitro. Moreover, the administration of 1,25(OH)2D3/VID400-coencapsulated nanofiber membranes dramatically promoted the hCAP18/LL-37 expression in dermal wounds created in both human CAMP transgenic mice and human skin tissues. The 1,25(OH)2D3- and VID400-coencapsulated nanofiber dressings enhanced innate immunity via the more effective induction of antimicrobial peptide than the free drug alone or 1,25(OH)2D3-loaded nanofibers. Together, 1,25(OH)2D3/VID400-embedded nanofiber dressings presented in this study show potential in preventing surgical site infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Su
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Nilika Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Isabelle E Logan
- Linus Pauling Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Arup K Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States.,Linus Pauling Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Adrian F Gombart
- Linus Pauling Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Shannon L Wong
- Department of Surgery-Plastic Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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Bhattacharya N, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. CTIP2 and lipid metabolism: regulation in skin development and associated diseases. Expert Rev Proteomics 2021; 18:1009-1017. [PMID: 34739354 PMCID: PMC9119322 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2021.2003707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COUP-TF INTERACTING PROTEIN 2 (CTIP2) is a crucial transcription factor exhibiting its control through coupled modulation of epigenetic modification and transcriptional regulation of key genes related to skin, immune, and nervous system development. Previous studies have validated the essential role of CTIP2 in skin development and maintenance, propagating its effects in epidermal permeability barrier (EPB) homeostasis, wound healing, inflammatory diseases, and epithelial cancers. Lipid metabolism dysregulation, on the other hand, has also established its independent emerging role over the years in normal skin development and various skin-associated ailments. This review focuses on the relatively unexplored connections between CTIP2-mediated control of lipid metabolism and alteration of EPB homeostasis, delayed wound healing, inflammatory diseases exacerbation, and cancer promotion and progression. AREAS COVERED Here we have discussed the intricate interplay of various endogenous lipids and lipoproteins accompanying skin development and associated disease processes and the possible link to CTIP2-mediated regulation of lipid metabolism. EXPERT OPINION Establishing the link between CTIP2 and lipid metabolism alterations in the context of skin morphogenesis and diverse types of skin diseases including cancer can help us identify novel targets for effective therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilika Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University (OSU), Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University (OSU), Corvallis, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR, USA
| | - Arup K. Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University (OSU), Corvallis, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, OSU, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Linus Pauling Science Center, OSU, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Department of Dermatology, OHSU, Portland, OR, USA
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6
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Lowry MB, Guo C, Zhang Y, Fantacone ML, Logan IE, Campbell Y, Zhang W, Le M, Indra AK, Ganguli-Indra G, Xie J, Gallo RL, Koeffler HP, Gombart AF. A mouse model for vitamin D-induced human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide gene expression. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 198:105552. [PMID: 31783153 PMCID: PMC7089838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In humans and other primates, 1,25(OH)2vitamin D3 regulates the expression of the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) gene via toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling that activates the vitamin D pathway. Mice and other mammals lack the vitamin D response element (VDRE) in their CAMP promoters. To elucidate the biological importance of this pathway, we generated transgenic mice that carry a genomic DNA fragment encompassing the entire human CAMP gene and crossed them with Camp knockout (KO) mice. We observed expression of the human transgene in various tissues and innate immune cells. However, in mouse CAMP transgenic macrophages, TLR activation in the presence of 25(OH)D3 did not induce expression of either CAMP or CYP27B1 as would normally occur in human macrophages, reinforcing important species differences in the actions of vitamin D. Transgenic mice did show increased resistance to colonization by Salmonella typhimurium in the gut. Furthermore, the human CAMP gene restored wound healing in the skin of Camp KO mice. Topical application of 1,25(OH)2vitamin D3 to the skin of CAMP transgenic mice induced CAMP expression and increased killing of Staphylococcus aureus in a wound infection model. Our model can help elucidate the biological importance of the vitamin D-cathelicidin pathway in both pathogenic and non-pathogenic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm B Lowry
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Chunxiao Guo
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Nutrition Graduate Program, School of Biological & Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health & Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Mary L Fantacone
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Isabelle E Logan
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Yan Campbell
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Weijian Zhang
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Mai Le
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Arup K Indra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Surgery, Transplant & Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Richard L Gallo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - H Phillip Koeffler
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Adrian F Gombart
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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7
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Bhattacharya N, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. Transcriptional control and transcriptomic analysis of lipid metabolism in skin barrier formation and atopic dermatitis (AD). Expert Rev Proteomics 2019; 16:627-645. [PMID: 31322970 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2019.1646128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial ailment associated with barrier breach and intense systemic inflammation. Several studies over the years have shown the complex interplay of a large number of factors in governing the progression and outcome of AD. In addition to the diverse types of AD resulting due to variation in the intrinsic mechanisms giving rise to AD such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), epigenetic alterations or transcriptional changes, extrinsic factors such as age, ancestry, ethnicity, immunological background of the subject, the interactions of the subject with environmental stimuli and existing microbiome in the periphery surrounding the subject account for further heterogeneity in the clinical manifestations of the disease. Areas covered: Here we have selectively discussed transcriptional regulation of genes associated with skin lipid metabolism in the context of AD. Transcriptional control and transcriptomic changes are just one face of this multifaceted disease known to affect humans and a detailed study concerning those will enable us to develop targeted therapies to deal with the disease. Expert opinion: Large-scale integration of different omics approaches (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, lipidomics, proteomics, metabolomics, effect of exposome) will help identify the potential candidate gene(s) associated with the development of various endotypes of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilika Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, OSU , Corvallis , OR , USA
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, OSU , Corvallis , OR , USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) , Portland , OR , USA
| | - Arup K Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, OSU , Corvallis , OR , USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) , Portland , OR , USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, OSU , Corvallis , OR , USA.,Linus Pauling Science Center, Oregon State University (OSU) , Corvallis , OR , USA.,Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) , Portland , OR , USA
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8
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Carpenter EL, Chagani S, Nelson D, Cassidy PB, Laws M, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. Mitochondrial complex I inhibitor deguelin induces metabolic reprogramming and sensitizes vemurafenib-resistant BRAF V600E mutation bearing metastatic melanoma cells. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1680-1690. [PMID: 31211467 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Treatment with vemurafenib, a potent and selective inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling downstream of the BRAFV600E oncogene, elicits dramatic clinical responses in patients with metastatic melanoma. Unfortunately, the clinical utility of this drug is limited by a high incidence of drug resistance. Thus, there is an unmet need for alternative therapeutic strategies to treat vemurafenib-resistant metastatic melanomas. We have conducted high-throughput screening of two bioactive compound libraries (Siga and Spectrum libraries) against a metastatic melanoma cell line (A2058) and identified two structurally analogous compounds, deguelin and rotenone, from a cell viability assay. Vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cell lines, A2058R and A375R (containing the BRAFV600E mutation), also showed reduced proliferation when treated with these two compounds. Deguelin, a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, was noted to significantly inhibit oxygen consumption in cellular metabolism assays. Mechanistically, deguelin treatment rapidly activates AMPK signaling, which results in inhibition of mTORC1 signaling and differential phosphorylation of mTORC1's downstream effectors, 4E-BP1 and p70S6 kinase. Deguelin also significantly inhibited ERK activation and Ki67 expression without altering Akt activation in the same timeframe in the vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells. These data posit that treatment with metabolic regulators, such as deguelin, can lead to energy starvation, thereby modulating the intracellular metabolic environment and reducing survival of drug-resistant melanomas harboring BRAF V600E mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan L Carpenter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.,Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Sharmeen Chagani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Dylan Nelson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Pamela B Cassidy
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Madeleine Laws
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Arup K Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.,Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon.,Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
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9
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Bhattacharya N, Sato WJ, Kelly A, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. Epidermal Lipids: Key Mediators of Atopic Dermatitis Pathogenesis. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:551-562. [PMID: 31054869 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The skin barrier keeps the 'inside in' and the 'outside out', forming a protective blanket against external insults. Epidermal lipids, such as ceramides, fatty acids (FAs), triglycerides, and cholesterol, are integral components driving the formation and maintenance of the epidermal permeability barrier (EPB). A breach in this lipid barrier sets the platform for the subsequent onset and progression of atopic dermatitis (AD). Such lipids are also important in the normal functioning of organisms, both plants and animals, and in diseases, including cancer. Given the doubling of the number of cases of AD in recent years and the chronic nature of this disorder, here we shed light on the multifaceted role of diverse types of lipid in mediating AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilika Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - William J Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Avalon Kelly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Arup K Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Linus Pauling Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; Departments of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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10
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Pinkham K, Park DJ, Hashemiaghdam A, Kirov AB, Adam I, Rosiak K, da Hora CC, Teng J, Cheah PS, Carvalho L, Ganguli-Indra G, Kelly A, Indra AK, Badr CE. Stearoyl CoA Desaturase Is Essential for Regulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis and Tumor Growth in Glioblastoma Cancer Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:712-727. [PMID: 30930246 PMCID: PMC6450460 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherent plasticity and various survival cues allow glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) to survive and proliferate under intrinsic and extrinsic stress conditions. Here, we report that GSCs depend on the adaptive activation of ER stress and subsequent activation of lipogenesis and particularly stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD1), which promotes ER homeostasis, cytoprotection, and tumor initiation. Pharmacological targeting of SCD1 is particularly toxic due to the accumulation of saturated fatty acids, which exacerbates ER stress, triggers apoptosis, impairs RAD51-mediated DNA repair, and achieves a remarkable therapeutic outcome with 25%-100% cure rate in xenograft mouse models. Mechanistically, divergent cell fates under varying levels of ER stress are primarily controlled by the ER sensor IRE1, which either promotes SCD1 transcriptional activation or converts to apoptotic signaling when SCD1 activity is impaired. Taken together, the dependence of GSCs on fatty acid desaturation presents an exploitable vulnerability to target glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Pinkham
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - David Jaehyun Park
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Arsalan Hashemiaghdam
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Aleksandar B Kirov
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Isam Adam
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Kamila Rosiak
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Cintia C da Hora
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jian Teng
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Pike See Cheah
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Litia Carvalho
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Avalon Kelly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Arup K Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Christian E Badr
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
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11
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Jiang J, Zhang Y, Indra AK, Ganguli-Indra G, Le MN, Wang H, Hollins RR, Reilly DA, Carlson MA, Gallo RL, Gombart AF, Xie J. 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3-eluting nanofibrous dressings induce endogenous antimicrobial peptide expression. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:1417-1432. [PMID: 29972648 PMCID: PMC6219435 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to develop a nanofiber-based dressing capable of local sustained delivery of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and augmenting human CAMP induction. MATERIALS & METHODS Nanofibrous wound dressings containing 1,25(OH)2D3 were successfully prepared by electrospinning, which were examined in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo. RESULTS 1,25(OH)2D3 was successfully loaded into nanofibers with encapsulation efficiency larger than 90%. 1,25(OH)2D3 showed a sustained release from nanofibers over 4 weeks. Treatment of U937 and HaCaT cells with 1,25(OH)2D3-loaded poly(ϵ-caprolactone) nanofibers significantly induced hCAP18/LL37 expression in monocytes and keratinocytes, skin wounds of humanized transgenic mice and artificial wounds of human skin explants. CONCLUSION 1,25(OH)2D3 containing nanofibrous dressings could enhance innate immunity by inducing antimicrobial peptide production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Transplant & Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Nutrition Graduate Program, School of Biological & Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health & Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Arup K Indra
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Mai N Le
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Surgery, Transplant & Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ronald R Hollins
- Department of Surgery – Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Debra A Reilly
- Department of Surgery – Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Mark A Carlson
- Department of Surgery – General Surgery & Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Surgery, VA Nebraska – Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Richard L Gallo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Adrian F Gombart
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Nutrition Graduate Program, School of Biological & Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health & Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Surgery, Transplant & Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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12
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Carpenter EL, Le MN, Miranda CL, Reed RL, Stevens JF, Indra AK, Ganguli-Indra G. Photoprotective Properties of Isothiocyanate and Nitrile Glucosinolate Derivatives From Meadowfoam ( Limnanthes alba) Against UVB Irradiation in Human Skin Equivalent. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:477. [PMID: 29867483 PMCID: PMC5962701 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation of the skin leads to numerous dermatological concerns including skin cancer and accelerated aging. Natural product glucosinolate derivatives, like sulforaphane, have been shown to exhibit chemopreventive and photoprotective properties. In this study, we examined meadowfoam (Limnanthes alba) glucosinolate derivatives, 3-methoxybenzyl isothiocyanate (MBITC) and 3-methoxyphenyl acetonitrile (MPACN), for their activity in protecting against the consequences of UV exposure. To that end, we have exposed human primary epidermal keratinocytes (HPEKs) and 3D human skin reconstructed in vitro (EpiDermTM FT-400) to UVB insult and investigated whether MBITC and MPACN treatment ameliorated the harmful effects of UVB damage. Activity was determined by the compounds’ efficacy in counteracting UVB-induced DNA damage, matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, and proliferation. We found that in monolayer cultures of HPEK, MBITC and MPACN did not protect against a UVB-induced loss in proliferation and MBITC itself inhibited cell proliferation. However, in human reconstructed skin-equivalents, MBITC and MPACN decrease epidermal cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and significantly reduce total phosphorylated γH2A.X levels. Both MBITC and MPACN inhibit UVB-induced MMP-1 and MMP-3 expression indicating their role to prevent photoaging. Both compounds, and MPACN in particular, showed activity against UVB-induced proliferation as indicated by fewer epidermal PCNA+ cells and prevented UVB-induced hyperplasia as determined by a reduction in reconstructed skin epidermal thickness (ET). These data demonstrate that MBITC and MPACN exhibit promising anti-photocarcinogenic and anti-photoaging properties in the skin microenvironment and could be used for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan L Carpenter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Mai N Le
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Cristobal L Miranda
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Ralph L Reed
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jan F Stevens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.,Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Arup K Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.,Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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13
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Chagani S, Wang R, Carpenter EL, Löhr CV, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. Ablation of epidermal RXRα in cooperation with activated CDK4 and oncogenic NRAS generates spontaneous and acute neonatal UVB induced malignant metastatic melanomas. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:736. [PMID: 29121869 PMCID: PMC5679438 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3714-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of cutaneous malignant melanoma is critical for improved diagnosis and treatment. Keratinocytic nuclear receptor Retinoid X Receptor α (RXRα) has a protective role against melanomagenesis and is involved in the regulation of keratinocyte and melanocyte homeostasis subsequent acute ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. METHODS We generated a trigenic mouse model system (RXRα ep-/- | Tyr-NRAS Q61K | CDK4 R24C/R24C ) harboring an epidermal knockout of Retinoid X Receptor α (RXRα ep-/- ), combined with oncogenic NRAS Q61K (constitutively active RAS) and activated CDK4 R24C/R24C (constitutively active CDK4). Those mice were subjected to a single neonatal dose of UVB treatment and the role of RXR α was evaluated by characterizing the molecular and cellular changes that took place in the untreated and UVB treated trigenic RXRα ep-/- mice compared to the control mice with functional RXRα. RESULTS Here we report that the trigenic mice develops spontaneous melanoma and exposure to a single neonatal UVB treatment reduces the tumor latency in those mice compared to control mice with functional RXRα. Melanomas from the trigenic RXRα ep-/- mice are substantial in size, show increased proliferation, exhibit increased expression of malignant melanoma markers and exhibit enhanced vascularization. Altered expression of several biomarkers including increased expression of activated AKT, p21 and cyclin D1 and reduced expression of pro-apoptotic marker BAX was observed in the tumor adjacent normal (TAN) skin of acute ultraviolet B treated trigenic RXRα ep-/- mice. Interestingly, we observed a significant increase in p21 and Cyclin D1 in the TAN skin of un-irradiated trigenic RXRα ep-/- mice, suggesting that those changes might be consequences of loss of functional RXRα in the melanoma microenvironment. Loss of RXRα in the epidermal keratinocytes in combination with oncogenic NRAS Q61K and CDK4 R24C/R24C mutations in trigenic mice led to significant melanoma invasion into the draining lymph nodes as compared to controls with functional RXRα. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the protective role of keratinocytic RxRα in (1) suppressing spontaneous and acute UVB-induced melanoma, and (2) preventing progression of the melanoma to malignancy in the presence of driver mutations like activated CDK4 R24C/R24C and oncogenic NRAS Q61K .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmeen Chagani
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, OSU, Corvallis, 97331, OR, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, OSU, Corvallis, 97331, OR, USA
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, OSU, Corvallis, 97331, OR, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, OSU, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Evan L Carpenter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, OSU, Corvallis, 97331, OR, USA
| | - Christiane V Löhr
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, OSU, Corvallis, 97331, OR, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, OSU, Corvallis, 97331, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, 97239, OR, USA
| | - Arup K Indra
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, OSU, Corvallis, 97331, OR, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, OSU, Corvallis, 97331, OR, USA.
- Linus Pauling Institute, OSU, Corvallis, OR, USA.
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, 97239, OR, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, OHSU, Portland, 97239, OR, USA.
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14
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Li S, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. Lipidomic analysis of epidermal lipids: a tool to predict progression of inflammatory skin disease in humans. Expert Rev Proteomics 2017; 13:451-6. [PMID: 27121756 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2016.1177462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lipidomics is the large-scale profiling and characterization of lipid species in a biological system using mass spectrometry. The skin barrier is mainly comprised of corneocytes and a lipid-enriched extracellular matrix. The major skin lipids are ceramides, cholesterol and free fatty acids (FFA). Lipid compositions are altered in inflammatory skin disorders with disrupted skin barrier such as atopic dermatitis (AD). AREAS COVERED Here we discuss some of the recent applications of lipidomics in human skin biology and in inflammatory skin diseases such as AD, psoriasis and Netherton syndrome. We also review applications of lipidomics in human skin equivalent and in pre-clinical animal models of skin diseases to gain insight into the pathogenesis of the skin disease. Expert commentary: Skin lipidomics analysis could be a fast, reliable and noninvasive tool to characterize the skin lipid profile and to monitor the progression of inflammatory skin diseases such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, OSU-OHSU , Corvallis , OR , USA
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, OSU-OHSU , Corvallis , OR , USA.,b Molecular Cell Biology Program , OSU, Corvallis , OR , USA
| | - Arup K Indra
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, OSU-OHSU , Corvallis , OR , USA.,b Molecular Cell Biology Program , OSU, Corvallis , OR , USA.,c Linus Pauling Science Institute, OSU , Corvallis , OR , USA.,d Department of Dermatology , Oregon Health & Science University , Portland , OR , USA.,e Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU , Portland , OR , USA
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15
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Li S, Villarreal M, Stewart S, Choi J, Ganguli-Indra G, Babineau DC, Philpot C, David G, Yoshida T, Boguniewicz M, Hanifin JM, Beck LA, Leung DY, Simpson EL, Indra AK. Altered composition of epidermal lipids correlates with Staphylococcus aureus colonization status in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:e125-e127. [PMID: 28244066 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University and Oregon Health and Science University, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A
| | | | - S Stewart
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University and Oregon Health and Science University, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A
| | - J Choi
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A
| | - G Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University and Oregon Health and Science University, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A
| | | | | | - G David
- Rho, Inc., Chapel Hill, NC, U.S.A
| | - T Yoshida
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, U.S.A
| | | | - J M Hanifin
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, U.S.A
| | - L A Beck
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, U.S.A
| | - D Y Leung
- National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, U.S.A
| | - E L Simpson
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, U.S.A
| | - A K Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University and Oregon Health and Science University, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A.,Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A.,Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, U.S.A.,Molecular Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, U.S.A
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16
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Chagani S, Kyryachenko S, Yamamoto Y, Kato S, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. In Vivo Role of Vitamin D Receptor Signaling in UVB-Induced DNA Damage and Melanocyte Homeostasis. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:2108-2111. [PMID: 27328307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharmeen Chagani
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Sergiy Kyryachenko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Yoko Yamamoto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Kato
- Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Jyoban Hospital, Tokiwa Foundation, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Arup K Indra
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
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17
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Guha G, Lu W, Li S, Liang X, Kulesz-Martin MF, Mahmud T, Indra AK, Ganguli-Indra G. Novel Pactamycin Analogs Induce p53 Dependent Cell-Cycle Arrest at S-Phase in Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125322. [PMID: 25938491 PMCID: PMC4418703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pactamycin, although putatively touted as a potent antitumor agent, has never been used as an anticancer drug due to its high cytotoxicity. In this study, we characterized the effects of two novel biosynthetically engineered analogs of pactamycin, de-6MSA-7-demethyl-7-deoxypactamycin (TM-025) and 7-demethyl-7-deoxypactamycin (TM-026), in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines SCC25 and SCC104. Both TM-025 and TM-026 exert growth inhibitory effects on HNSCC cells by inhibiting cell proliferation. Interestingly, unlike their parent compound pactamycin, the analogs do not inhibit synthesis of nascent protein in a cell-based assay. Furthermore, they do not induce apoptosis or autophagy in a dose- or a time-dependent manner, but induce mild senescence in the tested cell lines. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated that both analogs significantly induce cell cycle arrest of the HNSCC cells at S-phase resulting in reduced accumulation of G2/M-phase cells. The pactamycin analogs induce expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins including master regulator p53, its downstream target p21Cip1/WAF1, p27kip21, p19, cyclin E, total and phospho Cdc2 (Tyr15) and Cdc25C. Besides, the analogs mildly reduce cyclin D1 expression without affecting expression of cyclin B, Cdk2 and Cdk4. Specific inhibition of p53 by pifithrin-α reduces the percentage of cells accumulated in S-phase, suggesting contribution of p53 to S-phase increase. Altogether, our results demonstrate that Pactamycin analogs TM-025 and TM-026 induce senescence and inhibit proliferation of HNSCC cells via accumulation in S-phase through possible contribution of p53. The two PCT analogs can be widely used as research tools for cell cycle inhibition studies in proliferating cancer cells with specific mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Guha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Wanli Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Xiaobo Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Molly F. Kulesz-Martin
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Taifo Mahmud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Arup Kumar Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GGI); (AKI)
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GGI); (AKI)
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18
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Coleman DJ, Chagani S, Hyter S, Sherman AM, Löhr CV, Liang X, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. Loss of keratinocytic RXRα combined with activated CDK4 or oncogenic NRAS generates UVB-induced melanomas via loss of p53 and PTEN in the tumor microenvironment. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 13:186-96. [PMID: 25189354 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind formation of melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer, is crucial for improved diagnosis and treatment. One key is to better understand the cross-talk between epidermal keratinocytes and pigment-producing melanocytes. Here, using a bigenic mouse model system combining mutant oncogenic NRAS(Q61K) (constitutively active RAS) or mutant activated CDK4(R24C/R24C) (prevents binding of CDK4 by kinase inhibitor p16(INK4A)) with an epidermis-specific knockout of the nuclear retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRα(ep-/-)) results in increased melanoma formation after chronic ultraviolet-B (UVB) irradiation compared with control mice with functional RXRα. Melanomas from both groups of bigenic RXRα(ep-/-) mice are larger in size with higher proliferative capacity, and exhibit enhanced angiogenic properties and increased expression of malignant melanoma markers. Analysis of tumor adjacent normal skin from these mice revealed altered expression of several biomarkers indicative of enhanced melanoma susceptibility, including reduced expression of tumor suppressor p53 and loss of PTEN, with concomitant increase in activated AKT. Loss of epidermal RXRα in combination with UVB significantly enhances invasion of melanocytic cells to draining lymph nodes in bigenic mice expressing oncogenic NRAS(Q61K) compared with controls with functional RXRα. These results suggest a crucial role of keratinocytic RXRα to suppress formation of UVB-induced melanomas and their progression to malignant cancers in the context of driver mutations such as activated CDK4(R24C/R24C) or oncogenic NRAS(Q61K). IMPLICATIONS These findings suggest that RXRα may serve as a clinical diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in melanoma progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Coleman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Sharmeen Chagani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Stephen Hyter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Anna M Sherman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. BioResource Research Program, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Christiane V Löhr
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Xiaobo Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Arup K Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon.
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Coleman DJ, Garcia G, Hyter S, Jang HS, Chagani S, Liang X, Larue L, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. Retinoid-X-receptors (α/β) in melanocytes modulate innate immune responses and differentially regulate cell survival following UV irradiation. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004321. [PMID: 24810760 PMCID: PMC4014444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms of ultraviolet (UV) induced melanoma formation is becoming crucial with more reported cases each year. Expression of type II nuclear receptor Retinoid-X-Receptor α (RXRα) is lost during melanoma progression in humans. Here, we observed that in mice with melanocyte-specific ablation of RXRα and RXRβ, melanocytes attract fewer IFN-γ secreting immune cells than in wild-type mice following acute UVR exposure, via altered expression of several chemoattractive and chemorepulsive chemokines/cytokines. Reduced IFN-γ in the microenvironment alters UVR-induced apoptosis, and due to this, the survival of surrounding dermal fibroblasts is significantly decreased in mice lacking RXRα/β. Interestingly, post-UVR survival of the melanocytes themselves is enhanced in the absence of RXRα/β. Loss of RXRs α/β specifically in the melanocytes results in an endogenous shift in homeostasis of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes in these cells and enhances their survival compared to the wild type melanocytes. Therefore, RXRs modulate post-UVR survival of dermal fibroblasts in a "non-cell autonomous" manner, underscoring their role in immune surveillance, while independently mediating post-UVR melanocyte survival in a "cell autonomous" manner. Our results emphasize a novel immunomodulatory role of melanocytes in controlling survival of neighboring cell types besides controlling their own, and identifies RXRs as potential targets for therapy against UV induced melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Coleman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Gloria Garcia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Stephen Hyter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Hyo Sang Jang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Sharmeen Chagani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Xiaobo Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Lionel Larue
- Developmental Genetics of Melanocytes, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Orsay, France; CNRS UMR3347, Orsay, France; INSERM U1021, Orsay, France
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Arup K. Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Dermatology Research Division, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing assay is important to address many key questions including (1) migration ability of different cells; (2) communication between the different cell types such as keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and immune cells; (3) understanding the cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous function(s) of the different cells; and (4) gene regulation in healing processes. Wound healing studies can be used to test new treatment modalities, function of new drugs/compounds, and stem cell-based therapies on the different stages of healing and for accelerating wound healing in patients with compromised healing. In this chapter, we have described a simple step-by-step protocol to generate full-thickness cutaneous wounds in the dorsal skin of mice, followed by collecting the post-wounding biopsied materials on specific days for histological and immunohistochemical analyses and for RNA and protein extractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 1601 SW Jefferson str, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA,
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21
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Hyter S, Coleman DJ, Ganguli-Indra G, Merrill GF, Ma S, Yanagisawa M, Indra AK. Endothelin-1 is a transcriptional target of p53 in epidermal keratinocytes and regulates ultraviolet-induced melanocyte homeostasis. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2013; 26:247-58. [PMID: 23279852 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Keratinocytes contribute to melanocyte activity by influencing their microenvironment, in part, through secretion of paracrine factors. Here, we discovered that p53 directly regulates Edn1 expression in epidermal keratinocytes and controls UV-induced melanocyte homeostasis. Selective ablation of endothelin-1 (EDN1) in murine epidermis (EDN1(ep-/-) ) does not alter melanocyte homeostasis in newborn skin but decreases dermal melanocytes in adult skin. Results showed that keratinocytic EDN1 in a non-cell autonomous manner controls melanocyte proliferation, migration, DNA damage, and apoptosis after ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation. Expression of other keratinocyte-derived paracrine factors did not compensate for the loss of EDN1. Topical treatment with EDN1 receptor (EDNRB) antagonist BQ788 abrogated UV-induced melanocyte activation and recapitulated the phenotype seen in EDN1(ep-/-) mice. Altogether, the present studies establish an essential role of EDN1 in epidermal keratinocytes to mediate UV-induced melanocyte homeostasis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Hyter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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22
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Wang Z, Zhang LJ, Guha G, Li S, Kyrylkova K, Kioussi C, Leid M, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. Selective ablation of Ctip2/Bcl11b in epidermal keratinocytes triggers atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammatory responses in adult mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51262. [PMID: 23284675 PMCID: PMC3527437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ctip2 is crucial for epidermal homeostasis and protective barrier formation in developing mouse embryos. Selective ablation of Ctip2 in epidermis leads to increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL), impaired epidermal proliferation, terminal differentiation, as well as altered lipid composition during development. However, little is known about the role of Ctip2 in skin homeostasis in adult mice. Methodology/Principal Findings To study the role of Ctip2 in adult skin homeostasis, we utilized Ctip2ep−/− mouse model in which Ctip2 is selectively deleted in epidermal keratinocytes. Measurement of TEWL, followed by histological, immunohistochemical, and RT-qPCR analyses revealed an important role of Ctip2 in barrier maintenance and in regulating adult skin homeostasis. We demonstrated that keratinocytic ablation of Ctip2 leads to atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin inflammation, characterized by alopecia, pruritus and scaling, as well as extensive infiltration of immune cells including T lymphocytes, mast cells, and eosinophils. We observed increased expression of T-helper 2 (Th2)-type cytokines and chemokines in the mutant skin, as well as systemic immune responses that share similarity with human AD patients. Furthermore, we discovered that thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) expression was significantly upregulated in the mutant epidermis as early as postnatal day 1 and ChIP assay revealed that TSLP is likely a direct transcriptional target of Ctip2 in epidermal keratinocytes. Conclusions/Significance Our data demonstrated a cell-autonomous role of Ctip2 in barrier maintenance and epidermal homeostasis in adult mice skin. We discovered a crucial non-cell autonomous role of keratinocytic Ctip2 in suppressing skin inflammatory responses by regulating the expression of Th2-type cytokines. It is likely that the epidermal hyperproliferation in the Ctip2-lacking epidermis may be secondary to the compensatory response of the adult epidermis that is defective in barrier functions. Our results establish an initiating role of epidermal TSLP in AD pathogenesis via a novel repressive regulatory mechanism enforced by Ctip2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Ling-juan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Gunjan Guha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Kateryna Kyrylkova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Chrissa Kioussi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Mark Leid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Arup K. Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wang Z, Kirkwood JS, Taylor AW, Stevens JF, Leid M, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. Transcription factor Ctip2 controls epidermal lipid metabolism and regulates expression of genes involved in sphingolipid biosynthesis during skin development. J Invest Dermatol 2012; 133:668-676. [PMID: 23096701 PMCID: PMC3556343 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The stratum corneum is composed of protein-enriched corneocytes embedded in an intercellular matrix of nonpolar lipids organized as lamellar layers and give rise to epidermal permeability barrier (EPB). EPB defects play an important role in the pathophysiology of skin diseases such as eczema. The transcriptional control of skin lipid metabolism is poorly understood. We have discovered that mouse lacking a transcription factor COUP-TF interacting protein 2 (Ctip2) exhibit EPB defects including altered keratinocyte terminal differentiation, delayed skin barrier development and interrupted neutral lipid distribution in the epidermis. We adapted herein a targeted lipidomic approach using mass spectrometry, and have determined that Ctip2−/− mice (germline deletion of Ctip2 gene) display altered composition of major epidermal lipids such as ceramides and sphingomyelins compared to wildtype at different stages of skin development. Interestingly, expressions of several genes involved in skin sphingolipid biosynthesis and metabolism were altered in mutant skin. Ctip2 was found to be recruited to the promoter region of a subset of those genes, suggesting their possible direct regulation by Ctip2. Our results confirm an important role of Ctip2 in regulating skin lipid metabolism and indicate that profiling of epidermal sphingolipid could be useful for designing effective strategies to improve barrier dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Jay S Kirkwood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Jan F Stevens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Mark Leid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Molecular Cell Biology Program, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Molecular Cell Biology Program, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Arup K Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Molecular Cell Biology Program, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
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Zhang LJ, Bhattacharya S, Leid M, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. Ctip2 is a dynamic regulator of epidermal proliferation and differentiation by integrating EGFR and Notch signaling. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:5733-44. [PMID: 23015591 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.108969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal morphogenesis results from a delicate balance between keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, and this balance is perturbed upon deletion of transcription factor Ctip2. Here we demonstrate that Ctip2, in a cell autonomous manner, controls keratinocyte proliferation and cytoskeletal organization, and regulates the onset and maintenance of differentiation in keratinocytes in culture. Ctip2 integrates keratinocyte proliferation and the switch to differentiation by directly and positively regulating EGFR transcription in proliferating cells and Notch1 transcription in differentiating cells. In proliferative cells, the EGFR promoter is occupied by Ctip2, whereas Ctip2 is only recruited to the Notch1 promoter under differentiating conditions. Activation of EGFR signaling downregulates Ctip2 at the transcript level, whereas high calcium signaling triggers SUMOylation, ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of Ctip2 at the protein level. Together, our findings demonstrate a novel mechanism(s) of Ctip2-mediated, coordinated control of epidermal proliferation and terminal differentiation, and identify a pathway of negative feedback regulation of Ctip2 during epidermal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-juan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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25
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Liang X, Bhattacharya S, Bajaj G, Guha G, Wang Z, Jang HS, Leid M, Indra AK, Ganguli-Indra G. Delayed cutaneous wound healing and aberrant expression of hair follicle stem cell markers in mice selectively lacking Ctip2 in epidermis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29999. [PMID: 22383956 PMCID: PMC3283611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COUP-TF interacting protein 2 [(Ctip2), also known as Bcl11b] is an important regulator of skin homeostasis, and is overexpressed in head and neck cancer. Ctip2(ep-/-) mice, selectively ablated for Ctip2 in epidermal keratinocytes, exhibited impaired terminal differentiation and delayed epidermal permeability barrier (EPB) establishment during development, similar to what was observed in Ctip2 null (Ctip2(-/-)) mice. Considering that as an important role of Ctip2, and the fact that molecular networks which underlie cancer progression partially overlap with those responsible for tissue remodeling, we sought to determine the role of Ctip2 during cutaneous wound healing. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Full thickness excisional wound healing experiments were performed on Ctip2(L2/L2) and Ctip2(ep-/-) animals per time point and used for harvesting samples for histology, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunoblotting. Results demonstrated inherent defects in proliferation and migration of Ctip2 lacking keratinocytes during re-epithelialization. Mutant mice exhibited reduced epidermal proliferation, delayed keratinocyte activation, altered cell-cell adhesion and impaired ECM development. Post wounding, Ctip2(ep-/-) mice wounds displayed lack of E-Cadherin suppression in the migratory tongue, insufficient expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha SMA) in the dermis, and robust induction of K8. Importantly, dysregulated expression of several hair follicle (HF) stem cell markers such as K15, NFATc1, CD133, CD34 and Lrig1 was observed in mutant skin during wound repair. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Results confirm a cell autonomous role of keratinocytic Ctip2 to modulate cell migration, proliferation and/or differentiation, and to maintain HF stem cells during cutaneous wounding. Furthermore, Ctip2 in a non-cell autonomous manner regulated granulation tissue formation and tissue contraction during wound closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
| | - Shreya Bhattacharya
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Gaurav Bajaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
| | - Gunjan Guha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
| | - Zhixing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
| | - Hyo-Sang Jang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
| | - Mark Leid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Environmental Health Science Centre, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Arup Kumar Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Environmental Health Science Centre, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
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Niculescu C, Ganguli-Indra G, Pfister V, Dupé V, Messaddeq N, De Arcangelis A, Georges-Labouesse E. Conditional ablation of integrin alpha-6 in mouse epidermis leads to skin fragility and inflammation. Eur J Cell Biol 2011; 90:270-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2010.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Revised: 07/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Wang Z, Coleman DJ, Bajaj G, Liang X, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. RXRα ablation in epidermal keratinocytes enhances UVR-induced DNA damage, apoptosis, and proliferation of keratinocytes and melanocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2010; 131:177-87. [PMID: 20944655 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2010.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We show here that keratinocytic nuclear receptor retinoid X receptor-α (RXRα) regulates mouse keratinocyte and melanocyte homeostasis following acute UVR. Keratinocytic RXRα has a protective role in UVR-induced keratinocyte and melanocyte proliferation/differentiation, oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage, and cellular apoptosis. We discovered that keratinocytic RXRα, in a cell-autonomous manner, regulates mitogenic growth responses in skin epidermis through secretion of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, GM-CSF, IL-1α, and cyclooxygenase-2 and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. We identified altered expression of several keratinocyte-derived mitogenic paracrine growth factors such as endothelin 1, hepatocyte growth factor, α-melanocyte stimulating hormone, stem cell factor, and fibroblast growth factor-2 in skin of mice lacking RXRα in epidermal keratinocytes (RXRα(ep-/-) mice), which in a non-cell-autonomous manner modulated melanocyte proliferation and activation after UVR. RXRα(ep-/-) mice represent a unique animal model in which UVR induces melanocyte proliferation/activation in both epidermis and dermis. Considered together, the results of our study suggest that RXR antagonists, together with inhibitors of cell proliferation, can be effective in preventing solar UVR-induced photocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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Bajaj G, Hyo-Sang J, Savage T, Liang X, Leid M, Indra A, Ganguli-Indra G. Abstract B18: Expression of CTIP2/Bcl11b is linked to disease progression in head and neck cancer and is a critical mediator of epithelial cell migration and motility during wound healing processes. Clin Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.tcmusa10-b18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We have previously shown that transcriptional regulator Ctip2 controls epidermal homeostasis during skin morphogenesis and plays a crucial role in epidermal permeability barrier (EPB) formation (1,2). In a recent study we have shown that CTIP2 expression is upregulated in human head and neck tumors and in atopic dermatitis (3,4). It is known that “cancers are wounds that do not heal” and genes implicated in wound healing are known to influence cancer progression.
Interestingly, Ctip2 expression was also induced in mouse skin following tape stripping (mild injury by abrasion) and in cutaneous full thickness wounds. We therefore investigated function of Ctip2 during cutaneous wound healing using both in vitro scratch assay and in vivo full thickness wound healing assay. In the present study we looked at the Ctip2 expression levels by immunohistochemical (IHC) and western blot on wild-type mice skin after inducing mild abrasion injury by tape stripping and in full thickness wounds by punch biopsy. We have also analyzed the effect of Ctip2 deletion in the epidermis of mice skin using Ctip2ep-/- mice in these two processes using histology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blotting. Our data on in vitro scratch migration assay demonstrated a delay in keratinocyte migration and wound closure in mutant keratinocytes. Similarly, healing of cutaneous wounds was significantly delayed by 2-3 days in Ctip2ep-/- mice (selectively lacking the gene for Ctip2 in epidermal keratinocytes) in comparison to wild-type control (Ctip2L2/L2) mice where wounds closed much faster. Histological analyses of skin wounds revealed that the distance between the two migratory tongues of epithelial cells was larger in the mutant mice [1.2 fold (p<0.001)] compared to the wild-type controls (Ctip2L2/L2) suggesting a possible role of Ctip2 in re-epithelialization process probably effecting the keratinocyte migration similar to what was seen in our in vitro data on scratch migration assay. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting confirmed a persistant expression of PCNA and the delayed induction of both K16 and K6 (markers of activated keratinocytes) in the epidermal keratinocytes from the mutant wounds compared to control mice wounds suggesting a possible delay in the onset of restoration of differentiation in the newly formed epidermis of Ctip2ep-/- mutant mice. Altogether, we showed for the first time that keratinocytic Ctip2 modulated cutaneous wound healing by affecting the re- epithelialization and differentiation processes. Identification of genes regulated by Ctip2 during wound healing which are also involved in epithelial cancer progression is expected to improve diagnosis and treatment of human epithelial cancers.
References
1. Golonzhka O, Leid M, Indra G, Indra AK. Expression of COUP-TF- interacting protein 2 (CTIP2) in mouse skin during development and in adulthood. Gene Expr Patterns. 2007;7:754-60.
2. Golonzhka O, Liang X, Messaddeq N, Bornert JM, Campbell AL, Metzger D, Chambon P, Ganguli-Indra G, Leid M, Indra AK. Dual role of COUP-TF-interacting protein 2 in epidermal homeostasis and permeability barrier formation. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129:1459-70.
3. Ganguli-Indra G, Liang X, Hyter S, Leid M, Hanifin J, Indra AK. Expression of COUP-TF-interacting protein 2 (CTIP2) in human atopic dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis skin. Exp Dermatol. 2009;18:994-6.
4. Ganguli-Indra G, Wasylyk C, Liang X, Millon R, Leid M, Wasylyk B, Abecassis J, Indra A. CTIP2 expression in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is linked to poorly differentiated tumor status. PLoS ONE. 2009;4:e5367.
Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(14 Suppl):B18.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mark Leid
- 1Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
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29
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Hyter S, Bajaj G, Liang X, Barbacid M, Ganguli-Indra G, Indra AK. Loss of nuclear receptor RXRα in epidermal keratinocytes promotes the formation of Cdk4-activated invasive melanomas. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2010; 23:635-48. [PMID: 20629968 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-148x.2010.00732.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Keratinocytes contribute to melanocyte transformation by affecting their microenvironment, in part through the secretion of paracrine factors. Here we report a loss of expression of nuclear receptor RXRα in epidermal keratinocytes during human melanoma progression. In the absence of keratinocytic RXRα, in combination with mutant Cdk4, cutaneous melanoma was generated that metastasized to lymph nodes in a bigenic mouse model. Expression of several keratinocyte-derived mitogenic growth factors (Et-1, Hgf, Scf, α-MSH and Fgf 2 ) was elevated in skin of bigenic mice, whereas Fas, E-cadherin and Pten, implicated in apoptosis, cellular invasion and melanomagenesis, respectively, were downregulated within the microdissected melanocytic tumors. We demonstrated that RXRα is recruited on the proximal promoter of both Et-1 and Hgf, possibly directly regulating their transcription in keratinocytes. These studies demonstrate the contribution of keratinocytic paracrine signaling during the cellular transformation and malignant conversion of melanocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Hyter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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30
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Ganguli-Indra G, Wasylyk C, Liang X, Millon R, Leid M, Wasylyk B, Abecassis J, Indra A. CTIP2 expression in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is linked to poorly differentiated tumor status. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5367. [PMID: 19399189 PMCID: PMC2671404 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2008] [Accepted: 03/31/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We have demonstrated earlier that CTIP2 is highly expressed in mouse skin during embryogenesis and in adulthood. CTIP2 mutant mice die at birth with epidermal differentiation defects and a compromised epidermal permeability barrier suggesting its role in skin development and/or homeostasis. CTIP2 has also been suggested to function as tumor suppressor in cells, and several reports have described a link between chromosomal rearrangements of CTIP2 and human T cell acute lymphoblast leukemia (T-ALL). The aim of the present study was to look into the pattern of CTIP2 expression in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). Methodology/Principal Findings In the present study, we analyzed CTIP2 expression in human HNSCC cell lines by western blotting, in paraffin embedded archival specimens by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and in cDNA samples of human HNSCC by qRT-PCR. Elevated levels of CTIP2 protein was detected in several HNSCC cell lines. CTIP2 staining was mainly detected in the basal layer of the head and neck normal epithelium. CTIP2 expression was found to be significantly elevated in HNSCC (p<0.01), and increase in CTIP2 expression was associated with poorly differentiated tumor status. Nuclear co-localization of CTIP2 protein and cancer stem cell (CSC) marker BMI1 was observed in most, if not all of the cells expressing BMI1 in moderately and poorly differentiated tumors. Conclusions/Significance We report for the first time expression of transcriptional regulator CTIP2 in normal human head and neck epithelia. A statistically significant increase in the expression of CTIP2 was detected in the poorly differentiated samples of the human head and neck tumors. Actual CTIP2, rather than the long form of CTIP2 (CTIP2L) was found to be more relevant to the differentiation state of the tumors. Results demonstrated existence of distinct subsets of cancer cells, which express CTIP2 and underscores the use of CTIP2 and BMI1 co-labeling to distinguish tumor initiating cells or cancer stem cells (CSCs) from surrounding cancer cells.
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MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Line, Tumor
- DNA Primers/genetics
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Gene Expression
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/metabolism
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology
- Humans
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Polycomb Repressive Complex 1
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GGI); (AI)
| | - Christine Wasylyk
- IGBMC, Inserm U596 and CNRS UMR 7104, Illkirch, France
- Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France
| | - Xiaobo Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | | | - Mark Leid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Bohdan Wasylyk
- IGBMC, Inserm U596 and CNRS UMR 7104, Illkirch, France
- Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Arup Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GGI); (AI)
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Ganguli-Indra G, Liang X, Hyter S, Leid M, Hanifin J, Indra AK. Expression of COUP-TF-interacting protein 2 (CTIP2) in human atopic dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis skin. Exp Dermatol 2009; 18:994-6. [PMID: 19366371 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.00876.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor-interacting protein 2 (CTIP2) is a transcriptional regulator that is highly expressed in skin during mouse development, as well as in proliferating cells of adult mouse skin. We investigated expression of CTIP2 along with proliferation marker Ki-67 in normal human skin, and in skin from atopic dermatitis (AD), and in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC). We discovered for the first time that CTIP2 was expressed in proliferating basal and suprabasal layer in normal human epidermis. CTIP2 expression was dramatically increased in the epidermis from the AD and ACD samples compared with normal samples, and was labelled in both proliferating basal and suprabasal layers. Altogether our results suggest that CTIP2 expression could be linked to disease progression and/or maintenance in AD and ACD patients.
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32
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Golonzhka O, Liang X, Messaddeq N, Bornert JM, Campbell AL, Metzger D, Chambon P, Ganguli-Indra G, Leid M, Indra AK. Dual role of COUP-TF-interacting protein 2 in epidermal homeostasis and permeability barrier formation. J Invest Dermatol 2008; 129:1459-70. [PMID: 19092943 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2008.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
COUP-TF-interacting protein 2 (CTIP2; also known as Bcl11b) is a transcription factor that plays key roles in the development of the central nervous and immune systems. CTIP2 is also highly expressed in the developing epidermis, and at lower levels in the dermis and in adult skin. Analyses of mice harboring a germline deletion of CTIP2 revealed that the protein plays critical roles in skin during development, particularly in keratinocyte proliferation and late differentiation events, as well as in the development of the epidermal permeability barrier. At the core of all of these actions is a relatively large network of genes, described herein, that is regulated directly or indirectly by CTIP2. The analysis of conditionally null mice, in which expression of CTIP2 was ablated specifically in epidermal keratinocytes, suggests that CTIP2 functions in both cell and non-cell autonomous contexts to exert regulatory influence over multiple phases of skin development, including barrier establishment. Considered together, our results suggest that CTIP2 functions as a top-level regulator of skin morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Golonzhka
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
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