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Rodiouchkina K, Rodushkin I, Goderis S, Vanhaecke F. A comprehensive evaluation of sulfur isotopic analysis (δ 34S and δ 33S) using multi-collector ICP-MS with characterization of reference materials of geological and biological origin. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1240:340744. [PMID: 36641153 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur isotope ratios are often used as biogeochemical tracers to gain understanding of abiotic and biological processes involved in the sulfur cycle in both modern and ancient environments. There is however a lack of matrix-matched well-characterized isotopic reference materials that are essential for controlling the accuracy and precision. This study therefore focused on expanding and complementing the currently available sulfur isotope ratio data by providing the bulk sulfur isotopic composition, as determined using multi-collector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), for a comprehensive set of commercially and/or readily available biological and geological reference materials. A total 7 isotopic reference materials and 41 elemental reference materials were studied. These reference materials include standards of terrestrial and marine animal origin, terrestrial plant origin, human origin, and geological origin. Different sample preparation protocols, including digestion and subsequent chromatographic isolation of S, were evaluated and the optimum approach selected for each matrix type. For achieving enhanced robustness, the sample preparation and sulfur isotope ratio measurements were done at two different laboratories for selected reference materials, while at one of the laboratories the measurements were additionally performed using two different MC-ICP-MS instruments. Determined δ34SVCDT and δ33SVCDT values compared well between the different laboratories, as well as between the different generation MC-ICP-MS instruments, and for standards that were previously characterized, our data are similar to literature values. The δ34SVCDT ranges determined for the different categories of the reference materials - terrestrial animal origin: +2 to +9‰, marine animal origin: +15 to +20‰, human origin: +6 to +10‰, terrestrial plant origin: -20 to +7‰, and geological origin: -12 to +21‰ - fit the expected values based on previous studies of similar types of matrices well. No significant mass-independent fractionation is observed when considering the expanded uncertainties for Δ33SV-CDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Rodiouchkina
- Ghent University, Department of Chemistry, Atomic and Mass Spectrometry (A&MS) Research Group, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Chemistry; Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC) Research Group, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ilia Rodushkin
- ALS Scandinavia AB, ALS Laboratory Group, Aurorum 10, S-977 75, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Steven Goderis
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Chemistry; Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC) Research Group, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frank Vanhaecke
- Ghent University, Department of Chemistry, Atomic and Mass Spectrometry (A&MS) Research Group, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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2
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Spangenberg JE, Saintilan NJ, Palinkaš SS. Safe, accurate, and precise sulfur isotope analyses of arsenides, sulfarsenides, and arsenic and mercury sulfides by conversion to barium sulfate before EA/IRMS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:2163-2179. [PMID: 35066601 PMCID: PMC8821489 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03854-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe stable isotope ratios of sulfur (δ34S relative to Vienna Cañon Diablo Troilite) in sulfates and sulfides determined by elemental analysis and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA/IRMS) have been proven to be a remarkable tool for studies of the (bio)geochemical sulfur cycles in modern and ancient environments. However, the use of EA/IRMS to measure δ34S in arsenides and sulfarsenides may not be straightforward. This difficulty can lead to potential health and environmental hazards in the workplace and analytical problems such as instrument contamination, memory effects, and a non-matrix-matched standardization of δ34S measurements with suitable reference materials. To overcome these practical and analytical challenges, we developed a procedure for sulfur isotope analysis of arsenides, which can also be safely used for EA/IRMS analysis of arsenic sulfides (i.e., realgar, orpiment, arsenopyrite, and arsenian pyrite), and mercury sulfides (cinnabar). The sulfur dioxide produced from off-line EA combustion was trapped in an aqueous barium chloride solution in a leak-free system and precipitated as barium sulfate after quantitative oxidation of hydrogen sulfite by hydrogen peroxide. The derived barium sulfate was analyzed by conventional EA/IRMS, which bracketed the δ34S values of the samples with three international sulfate reference materials. The protocol (BaSO4-EA/IRMS) was validated by analyses of reference materials and laboratory standards of sulfate and sulfides and achieved accuracy and precision comparable with those of direct EA/IRMS. The δ34S values determined by BaSO4-EA/IRMS in sulfides (arsenopyrite, arsenic, and mercury sulfides) samples from different origins were comparable to those obtained by EA/IRMS, and no sulfur isotope fractionations were introduced during sample preparation. We report the first sulfur isotope data of arsenides obtained by BaSO4-EA/IRMS.
Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge E Spangenberg
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics (IDYST), University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Nicolas J Saintilan
- Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sabina Strmić Palinkaš
- Department of Geosciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway in Tromsø, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
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Leyden E, Farkas J, Gilbert S, Hutson J, Mosley LM. A simple and rapid ICP-MS/MS determination of sulfur isotope ratios ( 34S/ 32S) in complex natural waters: A new tool for tracing seawater intrusion in coastal systems. Talanta 2021; 235:122708. [PMID: 34517581 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Conventional sulfur isotope measurements in complex natural liquid or solid samples via GS-IRMS are complicated, time consuming and relatively expensive. Here we assessed a novel 'collision cell' based ICP-MS/MS approach which can determine the sulfur isotope abundances (i.e., 34S/32S ratios, expressed as δ34S) in complex coastal waters rapidly, accurately and with minimal sample preparation. The approach was validated via repeated ICP-MS/MS measurement of S isotope certified reference materials (CRM) providing accurate and reproducible results, with a typical uncertainty on δ34S of around 1.1-1.5‰ (1SD). This novel approach is suitable for water samples with sulfur concentrations at or above 2 μg/mL (ppm). Matrix matching between samples and the CRM was necessary when seawater-like solutions were analysed addressing common matrix related errors. The ICP-MS/MS approach was used to investigate δ34S signature of porewaters from a variety of coastal systems in South Australia (including acid sulfate soils), and how they responded to progressive seawater inundation. Importantly, inundation induced a shift in S isotope ratio in affected porewaters in which δ34S approached that of seawater. The simple sample preparation, with rapid and accurate δ34S determination of complex natural waters using the ICP MS/MS approach, greatly increases the applicability of sulfur isotope tracing studies to identify and monitor sources and bio-geochemical pathways of S in coastal and near-surface environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Leyden
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Juraj Farkas
- School of Physical Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Metal Isotope Group (MIG), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sarah Gilbert
- Adelaide Microscopy, Division of Research and Innovation, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - John Hutson
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Luke M Mosley
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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4
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Yang C, Lu G, Xie Y, Guo L, Chen M, Ge L, Dang Z. Sulfate migration and transformation characteristics in paddy soil profile affected by acid mine drainage. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111732. [PMID: 34324849 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
SO42-, a major component of acid mine drainage (AMD), plays an important role in study environment of AMD. We investigated the distribution and adsorption-desorption mechanisms of SO42- and the variation of stable isotope of sulfur (δ34S) values in the soil profile polluted by AMD. Results showed that the species and 34S values of SO42- differed significantly among different soil depths. In the surface soil (0-20 cm), native water-soluble SO42- (WSS) in the range ~85 % total SO42- was the dominant species. There was a peak of adsorption, which correlated significantly with amorphous oxide Fe, indicating that iron oxides and pH was fundamentally proportional to SO42- forms. The high concentrations of Cu2+ and Pb2+ also played important roles in form of SO42- in soil profile. Desorption kinetics of explained three SO42--bound forms. The trend mean δ34S values of WSS and AS in soil vertical profile was very similar with increasing from surface to subsurface, and have lower δ34S values than those of total sulfur, indicating that mineralization of organic sulfur should produce SO42- that was more depleted in δ34S. SO42- desorbed and trend δ34S values could provide reasonable explanation for the migration of SO42-. In the AMD irrigation scope, the higher SO42- concentration was reserved by immobilized as organic sulfur, and then main approach of SO42- migration was desorption and organic sulfur mineralize in now stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfang Yang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, 221000, PR China
| | - Guining Lu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Yingying Xie
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, 521041, China
| | - Li Guo
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, 221000, PR China
| | - Meiqin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemicial Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Lingya Ge
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, 221000, PR China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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Concomitant oral intake of purified clinoptilolite tuff (G-PUR) reduces enteral lead uptake in healthy humans. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14796. [PMID: 34285282 PMCID: PMC8292361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94245-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead exposure can cause substantial organ damage. Enteral lead absorption may be reduced by concomitant intake of clinoptilolite tuff, a zeolite from natural sources. This study aimed to assess the effect of purified clinoptilolite tuff (G-PUR) on enteral lead uptake in adults using stable lead isotope 204Pb as a tracer. In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study, 42 healthy participants were randomized to receive oral G-PUR 2.0 g, 2 * 2.0 g, or placebo, together with 2.5 µg of 204Pb in water. The enrichment of 204Pb caused by the tracer in blood and urine was measured by mass spectrometry. G-PUR was well tolerated. The mean maximum 204Pb enrichment of 0.505% of total blood lead was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in the placebo group compared to G-PUR 2.0 g (0.073%) or G-PUR 2 * 2.0 g (0.057%) group. Normalized 204Pb AUC0-192 was 86.5, 11.9, and 8.5% * h without and with G-PUR 2.0 g, and G-PUR 2 * 2.0 g, respectively (p < 0.0001 vs. placebo). This smaller 204Pb exposure was paralleled by a reduced urinary excretion in subjects receiving G-PUR. Concomitant oral intake of purified clinoptilolite tuff reduced enteral uptake of 204Pb in healthy humans by approximately 90%. The reduced bioavailability is demonstrable by a decrease of 204Pb tracer enrichment in blood and urine.Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04138693, registered 24/10/2019.
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Martinez M, Garcia-Alonso JI, Parat C, Encinar JR, Hécho IL. Anion-Specific Sulfur Isotope Analysis by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Multicollector ICPMS. Anal Chem 2019; 91:10088-10094. [PMID: 31295999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An accurate method has been developed to measure, in a single analytical run, δ34S in sulfite, sulfate and thiosulfate in water samples by liquid chromatography combined with multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS). The method is based on the anionic exchange separation of sulfur species prior to their online isotope ratio determination by MC-ICPMS. Mass bias correction was accomplished by a novel approach based on the addition of an internal sulfur-containing standard to the sample. This innovative approach was compared to the sample-standard bracketing procedure. On-column isotopic fractionation was observed and therefore corrected by external calibration. Isotopic ratios were calculated by linear regression slope (LRS), an advantageous method for transient signals, leading to a combined uncertainty of δ34S below 0.25‰ and a reproducibility below 0.5‰ for the injection of 1 μg of S. The method was successfully applied to the measurement of δ34S in synthetic solutions and environmental water samples. Matrix effects leading to δ34S overestimation were observed for sulfate in some samples with high sodium/sulfate mass ratios. The developed analytical procedure simplifies the δ34S analysis of liquid environmental samples since preparation steps are no longer required and allows the analysis of several sulfur-containing species in a single run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Martinez
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR/E2S UPPA , Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux , UMR5254 , 64000 Pau , France
| | - Jose Ignacio Garcia-Alonso
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry , University of Oviedo , Julián Clavería 8 , 33006 , Oviedo , Spain
| | - Corinne Parat
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR/E2S UPPA , Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux , UMR5254 , 64000 Pau , France
| | - Jorge Ruiz Encinar
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry , University of Oviedo , Julián Clavería 8 , 33006 , Oviedo , Spain
| | - Isabelle Le Hécho
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR/E2S UPPA , Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux , UMR5254 , 64000 Pau , France
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7
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Yang LW, Liu C, Yang T. An evaluation on the extraction capability of anion exchange membranes for high-precision sulfur isotope measurement by multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. RSC Adv 2019; 9:31224-31232. [PMID: 35527964 PMCID: PMC9072498 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04121d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are adept at extracting sulfate for sulfur isotope analyses by multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) from natural samples typically with low sulfate concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Willow Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Chenhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
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Hanousek O, Prohaska T, Kulhanek M, Balik J, Tejnecky V, Berger TW. Fractionation of sulfur (S) in beech ( Fagus sylvatica) forest soils in relation to distance from the stem base as useful tool for modeling S biogeochemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 3:1065-1079. [PMID: 28848804 PMCID: PMC5570529 DOI: 10.1007/s40808-017-0353-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The investigation of the fractionation of S compounds in forest soils is a powerful tool for interpreting S dynamics and S biogeochemistry in forest ecosystems. Beech stands on high pH (nutrient-rich) sites on Flysch and on low pH (nutrient-poor) sites on Molasse were selected for testing the influence of stemflow, which represents a high input of water and dissolved elements to the soil, on spatial patterns of sulfur (S) fractions. Soil cores were taken at six distances from a beech stem per site at 55 cm uphill and at 27, 55, 100, 150 and 300 cm downhill from the stem. The cores were divided into the mineral soil horizons 0-3, 3-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-50 cm. Soil samples were characterized for pH, Corg, pedogenic Al and Fe oxides and S fractions. Sequential extraction by NH4Cl, NH4H2PO4 and HCl yielded readily available sulfate-S (RAS), adsorbed sulfate-S (AS) and HCl-soluble sulfate-S (HCS). Organic sulfur (OS) was estimated as the difference between total sulfur (ToS) and inorganic sulfur (RAS + AS + HCS). Organic sulfur was further divided into ester sulfate-S (ES, HI-reduction) and carbon bonded sulfur (CS). On Flysch, RAS represented 3-6%, AS 2-12%, HCS 0-8% and OS 81-95% of ToS. On Molasse, RAS amounted 1-6%, AS 1-60%, HCS 0-8% and OS 37-95% of ToS. Spatial S distribution patterns with respect to the distance from the tree stem base could be clearly observed at all investigated sites. The presented data is a contribution to current reports on negative input-output S budgets of forest watersheds, suggesting that mineralization of OS on nutrient rich soils and desorption of historic AS on nutrient-poor soils are the dominant S sources, which have to be considered in future modeling of sulfur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Hanousek
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Forest Ecology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria.,VIRIS Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Thomas Prohaska
- VIRIS Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Martin Kulhanek
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Balik
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Tejnecky
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Torsten W Berger
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Forest Ecology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Hanousek O, Brunner M, Pröfrock D, Irrgeher J, Prohaska T. The performance of single and multi-collector ICP-MS instruments for fast and reliable 34S/ 32S isotope ratio measurements. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2016; 8:7661-7672. [PMID: 27812369 PMCID: PMC5087850 DOI: 10.1039/c6ay02177h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The performance and validation characteristics of different single collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers based on different technical principles (ICP-SFMS, ICP-QMS in reaction and collision modes, and ICP-MS/MS) were evaluated in comparison to the performance of MC ICP-MS for fast and reliable S isotope ratio measurements. The validation included the determination of LOD, BEC, measurement repeatability, within-lab reproducibility and deviation from certified values as well as a study on instrumental isotopic fractionation (IIF) and the calculation of the combined standard measurement uncertainty. Different approaches of correction for IIF applying external intra-elemental IIF correction (aka standard-sample bracketing) using certified S reference materials and internal inter-elemental IIF (aka internal standardization) correction using Si isotope ratios in MC ICP-MS are explained and compared. The resulting combined standard uncertainties of examined ICP-QMS systems were not better than 0.3-0.5% (uc,rel), which is in general insufficient to differentiate natural S isotope variations. Although the performance of the single collector ICP-SFMS is better (single measurement uc,rel = 0.08%), the measurement reproducibility (>0.2%) is the major limit of this system and leaves room for improvement. MC ICP-MS operated in the edge mass resolution mode, applying bracketing for correction of IIF, provided isotope ratio values with the highest quality (relative combined measurement uncertainty: 0.02%; deviation from the certified value: <0.002%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Hanousek
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Chemistry, VIRIS Laboratory, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, Institute of Forest Ecology, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marion Brunner
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Chemistry, VIRIS Laboratory, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Daniel Pröfrock
- Department of Marine Bioanalytical Chemistry, Institute of Coastal Research, Helmholtz-Centre for Materials and Coastal Research, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Johanna Irrgeher
- Department of Marine Bioanalytical Chemistry, Institute of Coastal Research, Helmholtz-Centre for Materials and Coastal Research, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Thomas Prohaska
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Chemistry, VIRIS Laboratory, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
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Diffusive gradients in thin films measurement of sulfur stable isotope variations in labile soil sulfate. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:8333-8341. [PMID: 27687185 PMCID: PMC5116312 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9949-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) technique, based on a strongly basic anion exchange resin (Amberlite IRA-400), was successfully tested for 34S/32S analysis in labile soil sulfate. Separation of matrix elements (Na, K, and Ca) that potentially cause non-spectral interferences in 34S/32S analysis by MC ICP-MS (multi-collector inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry) during sampling of sulfate was demonstrated. No isotopic fractionation caused by diffusion or elution of sulfate was observed below a resin gel disc loading of ≤79 μg S. Above this threshold, fractionation towards 34S was observed. The method was applied to 11 different topsoils and one mineral soil profile (0–100 cm depth) and compared with soil sulfate extraction by water. The S amount and isotopic ratio in DGT-S and water-extractable sulfate correlated significantly (r2 = 0.89 and r2 = 0.74 for the 11 topsoils, respectively). The systematically lower 34S/32S isotope ratios of the DGT-S were ascribed to mineralization of organic S.
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11
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Hanousek O, Mason S, Santner J, Chowdhury MMA, Berger TW, Prohaska T. Novel diffusive gradients in thin films technique to assess labile sulfate in soil. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:6759-67. [PMID: 27491301 PMCID: PMC5012258 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9801-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique for sampling labile soil sulfate was developed, based on a strong basic anion exchange resin (Amberlite IRA-400) for sulfate immobilization on the binding gel. For reducing the sulfate background on the resin gels, photopolymerization was applied instead of ammonium persulfate-induced polymerization. Agarose cross-linked polyacrylamide (APA) hydrogels were used as diffusive layer. The sulfate diffusion coefficient in APA gel was determined as 9.83 × 10−6 ± 0.35 × 10-6 cm2 s−1 at 25 °C. The accumulated sulfate was eluted in 1 mol L−1 HNO3 with a recovery of 90.9 ± 1.6 %. The developed method was tested against two standard extraction methods for soil sulfate measurement. The obtained low correlation coefficients indicate that DGT and conventional soil test methods assess differential soil sulfate pools, rendering DGT a potentially important tool for measuring labile soil sulfate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Hanousek
- Department of Chemistry - VIRIS Laboratory, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
- Institute of Forest Ecology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sean Mason
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide and the Waite Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Jakob Santner
- Division of Agronomy, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria.
| | - Md Mobaroqul Ahsan Chowdhury
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide and the Waite Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Torsten W Berger
- Institute of Forest Ecology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Prohaska
- Department of Chemistry - VIRIS Laboratory, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
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12
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Liu C, Bian XP, Yang T, Lin AJ, Jiang SY. Matrix effects of calcium on high-precision sulfur isotope measurement by multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Talanta 2016; 151:132-140. [PMID: 26946020 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) has been successfully applied in the rapid and high-precision measurement for sulfur isotope ratios in recent years. During the measurement, the presence of matrix elements would affect the instrumental mass bias for sulfur and these matrix-induced effects have aroused a lot of researchers' interest. However, these studies have placed more weight on highlighting the necessity for their proposed correction protocols (e.g., chemical purification and matrix-matching) while less attention on the key property of the matrix element gives rise to the matrix effects. In this study, four groups of sulfate solutions, which have different concentrations of sulfur (0.05-0.60mM) but a constant sequence of atomic calcium/sulfur ratios (0.1-50), are investigated under wet (solution) and dry (desolvation) plasma conditions to make a detailed evaluation on the matrix effects from calcium on sulfur isotope measurement. Based on a series of comparative analyses, we indicated that, the matrix effects of calcium on both measured sulfur isotope ratios and detected (32)S signal intensities are dependent mainly on the absolute calcium concentration rather than its relative concentration ratio to sulfur (i.e., atomic calcium/sulfur ratio). Also, for the same group of samples, the matrix effects of calcium under dry plasma condition are much more significant than that of wet plasma. This research affords the opportunity to realize direct and relatively precise sulfur isotope measurement for evaporite gypsum, and further provides some suggestions with regard to sulfur isotope analytical protocols for sedimentary pore water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Xiao-Peng Bian
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China; Beijing SHRIMP Center, Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 102206, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
| | - An-Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China; Thermo Fisher Scientific China Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510030, PR China
| | - Shao-Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Faculty of Earth Resources and Collaborative Innovation Center for Scarce and Strategic Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
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