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Marques SS, Ramos II, Silva C, Barreiros L, Domingues MR, Segundo MA. Lab-on-Valve Automated and Miniaturized Assessment of Nanoparticle Concentration Based on Light-Scattering. Anal Chem 2023; 95:4619-4626. [PMID: 36802495 PMCID: PMC10018450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) concentration directly impacts the dose delivered to target tissues by nanocarriers. The evaluation of this parameter is required during NPs developmental and quality control stages, for setting dose-response correlations and for evaluating the reproducibility of the manufacturing process. Still, faster and simpler procedures, dismissing skilled operators and post-analysis conversions are needed to quantify NPs for research and quality control operations, and to support result validation. Herein, a miniaturized automated ensemble method to measure NPs concentration was established under the lab-on-valve (LOV) mesofluidic platform. Automatic NPs sampling and delivery to the LOV detection unit were set by flow programming. NPs concentration measurements were based on the decrease in the light transmitted to the detector due to the light scattered by NPs when passing through the optical path. Each analysis was accomplished in 2 min, rendering a determination throughput of 30 h-1 (6 samples h-1 for n = 5) and only requiring 30 μL (≈0.03 g) of NPs suspension. Measurements were performed on polymeric NPs, as these represent one of the major classes of NPs under development for drug-delivery aims. Determinations for polystyrene NPs (of 100, 200, and 500 nm) and for NPs made of PEGylated poly-d,l-lactide-co-glycolide (PEG-PLGA, a biocompatible FDA-approved polymer) were accomplished within 108-1012 particles mL-1 range, depending on the NPs size and composition. NPs size and concentration were maintained during analysis, as verified for NPs eluted from the LOV by particle tracking analysis (PTA). Moreover, concentration measurements for PEG-PLGA NPs loaded with an anti-inflammatory drug, methotrexate (MTX), after their incubation in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids were successfully achieved (recovery values of 102-115%, as confirmed by PTA), showing the suitability of the proposed method to support the development of polymeric NPs targeting intestinal delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S Marques
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês I Ramos
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Silva
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimarães Portugal
| | - Luisa Barreiros
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.,School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria R Domingues
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.,Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marcela A Segundo
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Qu Q, Wang J, Zeng C, Wang M, Qi W, He Z. AuNP array coated substrate for sensitive and homogeneous SERS-immunoassay detection of human immunoglobulin G. RSC Adv 2021; 11:22744-22750. [PMID: 35480431 PMCID: PMC9034334 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02404c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the high sensitivity, fast responsiveness and high specificity, immunoassays using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) as the readout signal displayed great potential in disease diagnosis. In this study, we developed a SERS-immunoassay method for the detection of human immunoglobulin G (HIgG). Upon involving well-ordered AuA on a SERSIA substrate, the LSPR effect was further enhanced to generate a strong and uniform Raman signal through the formation of sandwich structure with the addition of target HIgG and SERSIA tag. Optimization of the assay provided a wide linear range (0.1–200 μg mL−1) and low limit of detection (0.1 μg mL−1). In addition, the SERS-immunoassay method displayed excellent specificity and was homogeneous, which guaranteed the practical use of this method in the quantitative detection of HIgG. To validate this assay, human serum was analysed, which demonstrated the potential advantages of SERS-immunoassay technology in clinical diagnostics. An AuNP array coated substrate was developed for the SERS-immunoassay detection of human immunoglobulin G.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Chuan Zeng
- Technical Center of Zhuhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Zhuhai P. R. China
| | - Mengfan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Wei Qi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China .,The Co-Innovation Centre of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin Tianjin 300072 P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Zhimin He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
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Pena-Pereira F, Bendicho C, Pavlović DM, Martín-Esteban A, Díaz-Álvarez M, Pan Y, Cooper J, Yang Z, Safarik I, Pospiskova K, Segundo MA, Psillakis E. Miniaturized analytical methods for determination of environmental contaminants of emerging concern - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1158:238108. [PMID: 33863416 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The determination of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in environmental samples has become a challenging and critical issue. The present work focuses on miniaturized analytical strategies reported in the literature for the determination of CECs. The first part of the review provides brief overview of CECs whose monitoring in environmental samples is of particular significance, namely personal care products, pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors, UV-filters, newly registered pesticides, illicit drugs, disinfection by-products, surfactants, high technology rare earth elements, and engineered nanomaterials. Besides, an overview of downsized sample preparation approaches reported in the literature for the determination of CECs in environmental samples is provided. Particularly, analytical methodologies involving microextraction approaches used for the enrichment of CECs are discussed. Both solid phase- and liquid phase-based microextraction techniques are highlighted devoting special attention to recently reported approaches. Special emphasis is placed on newly developed materials used for extraction purposes in microextraction techniques. In addition, recent contributions involving miniaturized analytical flow techniques for the determination of CECs are discussed. Besides, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of point of need and portable devices have been identified and critically compared with chromatographic methods coupled to mass chromatography. Finally, challenging aspects regarding miniaturized analytical methods for determination of CECs are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Pena-Pereira
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Analítica e Alimentaria, Grupo QA2, Edificio CC Experimentais, Campus de Vigo, As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Carlos Bendicho
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Analítica e Alimentaria, Grupo QA2, Edificio CC Experimentais, Campus de Vigo, As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Dragana Mutavdžić Pavlović
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev Trg 19, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Antonio Martín-Esteban
- Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Agronomía, INIA, Carretera de A Coruña Km 7.5, Madrid, E-28040, Spain
| | - Myriam Díaz-Álvarez
- Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Agronomía, INIA, Carretera de A Coruña Km 7.5, Madrid, E-28040, Spain
| | - Yuwei Pan
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, United Kingdom; School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8LT, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Cooper
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8LT, United Kingdom
| | - Zhugen Yang
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, United Kingdom
| | - Ivo Safarik
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Biology Centre, ISB, CAS, Na Sadkach 7, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Department of Magnetism, Institute of Experimental Physics, SAS, Watsonova 47, 040 01, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Kristyna Pospiskova
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Biology Centre, ISB, CAS, Na Sadkach 7, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela A Segundo
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elefteria Psillakis
- Laboratory of Aquatic Chemistry, School of Environmental Engineering, Polytechnioupolis, Technical University of Crete, GR-73100, Chania, Crete, Greece
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Carl P, Ramos II, Segundo MA, Schneider RJ. Antibody conjugation to carboxyl-modified microspheres through N-hydroxysuccinimide chemistry for automated immunoassay applications: A general procedure. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218686. [PMID: 31242246 PMCID: PMC6594677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunochemical techniques are the workhorse for sample enrichment and detection of a large variety of analytes. In contrast to classical microtiter plate-based assays, microparticles are a next generation solid support, as they promote automation of immunoassays using flow-based techniques. Antibody immobilization is a crucial step, as these reagents are expensive, and inefficient coupling can result in low sensitivities. This paper proposes a general procedure for efficient immobilization of antibodies onto TentaGel particles, via N-hydroxysuccinimide chemistry. The goal was the preparation of solid supports with optimum immunorecognition, while increasing the sustainability of the process. The influence of buffer composition, activation and coupling time, as well as the amount of antibody on the immobilization efficiency was investigated, resorting to fluorophore-labeled proteins and fluorescence imaging. Buffer pH and activation time are the most important parameters for efficient coupling. It is demonstrated, that the hydrolysis of N-hydroxysuccinimide esters occurs at similar rates as in solution, limiting the utilizable time for coupling. Finally, applicability of the generated material for automated affinity extraction is demonstrated on the mesofluidic platform lab-on-valve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Carl
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inês I. Ramos
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marcela A. Segundo
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rudolf J. Schneider
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
- Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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