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Poonia M, Morder CJ, Schorr HC, Schultz ZD. Raman and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Detection in Flowing Solutions for Complex Mixture Analysis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2024; 17:411-432. [PMID: 38382105 PMCID: PMC11254575 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061522-035207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Raman scattering provides a chemical-specific and label-free method for identifying and quantifying molecules in flowing solutions. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the application of Raman spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to flowing liquid samples. We summarize developments in online and at-line detection using Raman and SERS analysis, including the design of microfluidic devices, the development of unique SERS substrates, novel sampling interfaces, and coupling these approaches to fluid-based chemical separations (e.g., chromatography and electrophoresis). The article highlights the challenges and limitations associated with these techniques and provides examples of their applications in a variety of fields, including chemistry, biology, and environmental science. Overall, this review demonstrates the utility of Raman and SERS for analysis of complex mixtures and highlights the potential for further development and optimization of these techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Poonia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA;
| | - Courtney J Morder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA;
| | - Hannah C Schorr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA;
| | - Zachary D Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA;
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2
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Jinachandran A, Kokulnathan T, Wang TJ, Kumar KMA, Kumar J, Panneerselvam R. Silver nanopopcorns decorated on flexible membrane for SERS detection of nitrofurazone. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:347. [PMID: 38802574 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06421-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of three-dimensional silver nanopopcorns (Ag NPCs) onto a flexible polycarbonate membrane (PCM) for the detection of nitrofurazone (NFZ) on the fish surface by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is presented. The proposed flexible Ag-NPCs/PCM SERS substrate exhibits significant Raman signal intensity enhancement with the measured enhancement factor of 2.36 × 106. This is primarily attributed to the hotspots created on Ag NPCs, including numerous nanoscale protrusions and internal crevices distributed across the surface of Ag NPCs. The detection of NFZ by this flexible SERS substrate demonstrates a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.7 × 10-9 M and uniform and reproducible Raman signal intensities with a relative standard deviation below 8.34%. It also exhibits excellent stability, retaining 70% of its efficacy even after 10 days of storage. Notably, the practical detection of NFZ in tap water, honey water, and fish surfaces achieves LOD values of 1.35 × 10-8 M, 5.76 × 10-7 M, and 3.61 × 10-8 M, respectively, which highlights its effectiveness across different sample types. The developed Ag-NPCs/PCM SERS substrate presents promising potential for sensitive SERS detection of toxic substances in real-world samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Jinachandran
- Raman Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, SRM University-AP, Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati, 522503, India
| | - Thangavelu Kokulnathan
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Jiann Wang
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan.
| | | | - Jayasree Kumar
- Raman Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, SRM University-AP, Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati, 522503, India
| | - Rajapandiyan Panneerselvam
- Raman Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, SRM University-AP, Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati, 522503, India.
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3
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Lo HY, Wink K, Nitz H, Kästner M, Belder D, Müller JA, Kaster AK. scMAR-Seq: a novel workflow for targeted single-cell genomics of microorganisms using radioactive labeling. mSystems 2023; 8:e0099823. [PMID: 37982643 PMCID: PMC10734494 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00998-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE A central question in microbial ecology is which member of a community performs a particular metabolism. Several sophisticated isotope labeling techniques are available for analyzing the metabolic function of populations and individual cells in a community. However, these methods are generally either insufficiently sensitive or throughput-limited and thus have limited applicability for the study of complex environmental samples. Here, we present a novel approach that combines highly sensitive radioisotope tracking, microfluidics, high-throughput sorting, and single-cell genomics to simultaneously detect and identify individual microbial cells based solely on their in situ metabolic activity, without prior information on community structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yu Lo
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-5), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Konstantin Wink
- Institute for Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Henrike Nitz
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Kästner
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute for Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jochen A. Müller
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-5), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne-Kristin Kaster
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-5), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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4
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Sharan P, Daddi-Moussa-Ider A, Agudo-Canalejo J, Golestanian R, Simmchen J. Pair Interaction between Two Catalytically Active Colloids. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300817. [PMID: 37165719 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to the intrinsically complex non-equilibrium behavior of the constituents of active matter systems, a comprehensive understanding of their collective properties is a challenge that requires systematic bottom-up characterization of the individual components and their interactions. For self-propelled particles, intrinsic complexity stems from the fact that the polar nature of the colloids necessitates that the interactions depend on positions and orientations of the particles, leading to a 2d - 1 dimensional configuration space for each particle, in d dimensions. Moreover, the interactions between such non-equilibrium colloids are generically non-reciprocal, which makes the characterization even more complex. Therefore, derivation of generic rules that enable us to predict the outcomes of individual encounters as well as the ensuing collective behavior will be an important step forward. While significant advances have been made on the theoretical front, such systematic experimental characterizations using simple artificial systems with measurable parameters are scarce. Here, two different contrasting types of colloidal microswimmers are studied, which move in opposite directions and show distinctly different interactions. To facilitate the extraction of parameters, an experimental platform is introduced in which these parameters are confined on a 1D track. Furthermore, a theoretical model for interparticle interactions near a substrate is developed, including both phoretic and hydrodynamic effects, which reproduces their behavior. For subsequent validation, the degrees of freedom are increased to 2D motion and resulting trajectories are predicted, finding remarkable agreement. These results may prove useful in characterizing the overall alignment behavior of interacting self-propelling active swimmer and may find direct applications in guiding the design of active-matter systems involving phoretic and hydrodynamic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharan
- Chair of Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Jaime Agudo-Canalejo
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPIDS), 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ramin Golestanian
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPIDS), 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Juliane Simmchen
- Chair of Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Pure and applied chemistry, University of Strathclyde, G11XL, Glasgow
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5
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Jurina T, Sokač Cvetnić T, Šalić A, Benković M, Valinger D, Gajdoš Kljusurić J, Zelić B, Jurinjak Tušek A. Application of Spectroscopy Techniques for Monitoring (Bio)Catalytic Processes in Continuously Operated Microreactor Systems. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13040690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last twenty years, the application of microreactors in chemical and biochemical industrial processes has increased significantly. The use of microreactor systems ensures efficient process intensification due to the excellent heat and mass transfer within the microchannels. Monitoring the concentrations in the microchannels is critical for a better understanding of the physical and chemical processes occurring in micromixers and microreactors. Therefore, there is a growing interest in performing in-line and on-line analyses of chemical and/or biochemical processes. This creates tremendous opportunities for the incorporation of spectroscopic detection techniques into production and processing lines in various industries. In this work, an overview of current applications of ultraviolet–visible, infrared, Raman spectroscopy, NMR, MALDI-TOF-MS, and ESI-MS for monitoring (bio)catalytic processes in continuously operated microreactor systems is presented. The manuscript includes a description of the advantages and disadvantages of the analytical methods listed, with particular emphasis on the chemometric methods used for spectroscopic data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Jurina
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva ul. 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tea Sokač Cvetnić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva ul. 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anita Šalić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Benković
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva ul. 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Valinger
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva ul. 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasenka Gajdoš Kljusurić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva ul. 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bruno Zelić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department for Packaging, Recycling and Environmental Protection, University North, Trg dr. Žarka Dolinara 1, 48 000 Koprivnica, Croatia
| | - Ana Jurinjak Tušek
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva ul. 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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6
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Das A, Fehse S, Polack M, Panneerselvam R, Belder D. Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Probing in Digital Microfluidics through a Microspray Hole. Anal Chem 2023; 95:1262-1272. [PMID: 36577121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel approach for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection in digital microfluidics (DMF). This is made possible by a microspray hole (μSH) that uses an electrostatic spray (ESTAS) for sample transfer from inside the chip to an external SERS substrate. To realize this, a new ESTAS-compatible stationary SERS substrate was developed and characterized for sensitive and reproducible SERS measurements. In a proof-of-concept study, we successfully applied the approach to detect various analyte molecules using the DMF chip and achieved micro-molar detection limits. Moreover, this technique was exemplarily employed to study an organic reaction occurring in the DMF device, providing vibrational spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Das
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Sebastian Fehse
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Matthias Polack
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Rajapandiyan Panneerselvam
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, Leipzig 04103, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, SRM University AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522502, India
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, Leipzig 04103, Germany
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7
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Emonds-Alt G, Malherbe C, Kasemiire A, Avohou HT, Hubert P, Ziemons E, Monbaliu JCM, Eppe G. Development and validation of an integrated microfluidic device with an in-line Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) detection of glyphosate in drinking water. Talanta 2022; 249:123640. [PMID: 35716473 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glyphosate, also known as N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, is one of the most widely used herbicides in the world. However, the controversy surrounding the toxicity of glyphosate and its main breakdown product, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), remains a serious public concern. Therefore, there is a clear need to develop a rapid, sensitive and automated alternative method for the quantification of glyphosate and AMPA. In this context, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) coupled with a microfluidic system for the determination of glyphosate in tap water was developed, optimized and validated. The design of the microfluidic configuration for this application was built constructed to integrate the synthesis of the SERS substrate through to the detection of the analyte. To optimize the microfluidic setup, a design of experiments approach was used to maximize the SERS signal of glyphosate. Subsequently, an approach based on the European guideline document SANTE/11312/2021 was used to validate the method in the range of 78-480 μg/L using the normalized band intensities. The limit of detection and quantification obtained for glyphosate were 40 and 78 μg/L, respectively. Recoveries were in the range 76-117%, while repeatability and intra-day reproducibility were ≤17%. Finally, the method was also tested for the determination of AMPA in tap water matrix and for the simultaneous detection of AMPA and glyphosate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauthier Emonds-Alt
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, B4000, Liège, Belgium; Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, B4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Cedric Malherbe
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, B4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alice Kasemiire
- University of Liege (ULiege), CIRM, ViBra-Sante Hub, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Hermane T Avohou
- University of Liege (ULiege), CIRM, ViBra-Sante Hub, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Philippe Hubert
- University of Liege (ULiege), CIRM, ViBra-Sante Hub, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Eric Ziemons
- University of Liege (ULiege), CIRM, ViBra-Sante Hub, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe M Monbaliu
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, B4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gauthier Eppe
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, B4000, Liège, Belgium.
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8
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Raman Spectroscopy for Food Quality Assurance and Safety Monitoring: A Review. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Panneerselvam R, Sadat H, Höhn EM, Das A, Noothalapati H, Belder D. Microfluidics and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, a win-win combination? LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:665-682. [PMID: 35107464 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc01097b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the continuous development in nanoscience and nanotechnology, analytical techniques like surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) render structural and chemical information of a variety of analyte molecules in ultra-low concentration. Although this technique is making significant progress in various fields, the reproducibility of SERS measurements and sensitivity towards small molecules are still daunting challenges. In this regard, microfluidic surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (MF-SERS) is well on its way to join the toolbox of analytical chemists. This review article explains how MF-SERS is becoming a powerful tool in analytical chemistry. We critically present the developments in SERS substrates for microfluidic devices and how these substrates in microfluidic channels can improve the SERS sensitivity, reproducibility, and detection limit. We then introduce the building materials for microfluidic platforms and their types such as droplet, centrifugal, and digital microfluidics. Finally, we enumerate some challenges and future directions in microfluidic SERS. Overall, this article showcases the potential and versatility of microfluidic SERS in overcoming the inherent issues in the SERS technique and also discusses the advantage of adding SERS to the arsenal of microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajapandiyan Panneerselvam
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, SRM University AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522502, India.
| | - Hasan Sadat
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Höhn
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anish Das
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hemanth Noothalapati
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
- Raman Project Center for Medical and Biological Applications, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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10
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From lab to field: Surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based sensing strategies for on-site analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Cirillo AI, Tomaiuolo G, Guido S. Membrane Fouling Phenomena in Microfluidic Systems: From Technical Challenges to Scientific Opportunities. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:820. [PMID: 34357230 PMCID: PMC8305447 DOI: 10.3390/mi12070820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The almost ubiquitous, though undesired, deposition and accumulation of suspended/dissolved matter on solid surfaces, known as fouling, represents a crucial issue strongly affecting the efficiency and sustainability of micro-scale reactors. Fouling becomes even more detrimental for all the applications that require the use of membrane separation units. As a matter of fact, membrane technology is a key route towards process intensification, having the potential to replace conventional separation procedures, with significant energy savings and reduced environmental impact, in a broad range of applications, from water purification to food and pharmaceutical industries. Despite all the research efforts so far, fouling still represents an unsolved problem. The complex interplay of physical and chemical mechanisms governing its evolution is indeed yet to be fully unraveled and the role played by foulants' properties or operating conditions is an area of active research where microfluidics can play a fundamental role. The aim of this review is to explore fouling through microfluidic systems, assessing the fundamental interactions involved and how microfluidics enables the comprehension of the mechanisms characterizing the process. The main mathematical models describing the fouling stages will also be reviewed and their limitations discussed. Finally, the principal dynamic investigation techniques in which microfluidics represents a key tool will be discussed, analyzing their employment to study fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Iginio Cirillo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, University of Naples Federico, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.I.C.); (S.G.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Tomaiuolo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, University of Naples Federico, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.I.C.); (S.G.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Guido
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, University of Naples Federico, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.I.C.); (S.G.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80131 Naples, Italy
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12
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Jiang L, Hassan MM, Ali S, Li H, Sheng R, Chen Q. Evolving trends in SERS-based techniques for food quality and safety: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Schneider S, Gruner D, Richter A, Loskill P. Membrane integration into PDMS-free microfluidic platforms for organ-on-chip and analytical chemistry applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:1866-1885. [PMID: 33949565 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00188d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Membranes play a crucial role in many microfluidic systems, enabling versatile applications in highly diverse research fields. However, the tight and robust integration of membranes into microfluidic systems requires complex fabrication processes. Most integration approaches, so far, rely on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as base material for the microfluidic chips. Several limitations of PDMS have resulted in the transition of many microfluidic approaches to PDMS-free systems using alternative materials such as thermoplastics. To integrate membranes in those PDMS-free systems, novel alternative approaches are required. This review provides an introduction into microfluidic systems applying membrane technology for analytical systems and organ-on-chip as well as a comprehensive overview of methods for the integration of membranes into PDMS-free systems. The overview and examples will provide a valuable resource and starting point for any researcher that is aiming at implementing membranes in microfluidic systems without using PDMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schneider
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Denise Gruner
- Institut für Halbleiter- und Mikrosystemtechnik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany and Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsmedizin, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Richter
- Institut für Halbleiter- und Mikrosystemtechnik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Loskill
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. and NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
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14
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Ng HY, Lee WC, Kung CT, Li LC, Lee CT, Fu LM. Recent Advances in Microfluidic Devices for Contamination Detection and Quality Inspection of Milk. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:558. [PMID: 34068982 PMCID: PMC8156775 DOI: 10.3390/mi12050558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Milk is a necessity for human life. However, it is susceptible to contamination and adulteration. Microfluidic analysis devices have attracted significant attention for the high-throughput quality inspection and contaminant analysis of milk samples in recent years. This review describes the major proposals presented in the literature for the pretreatment, contaminant detection, and quality inspection of milk samples using microfluidic lab-on-a-chip and lab-on-paper platforms in the past five years. The review focuses on the sample separation, sample extraction, and sample preconcentration/amplification steps of the pretreatment process and the determination of aflatoxins, antibiotics, drugs, melamine, and foodborne pathogens in the detection process. Recent proposals for the general quality inspection of milk samples, including the viscosity and presence of adulteration, are also discussed. The review concludes with a brief perspective on the challenges facing the future development of microfluidic devices for the analysis of milk samples in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwee-Yeong Ng
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (H.-Y.N.); (W.-C.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-T.L.)
| | - Wen-Chin Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (H.-Y.N.); (W.-C.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-T.L.)
| | - Chia-Te Kung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
| | - Lung-Chih Li
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (H.-Y.N.); (W.-C.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-T.L.)
| | - Chien-Te Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (H.-Y.N.); (W.-C.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-T.L.)
| | - Lung-Ming Fu
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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15
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Abstract
Miniaturization is an important trend in modern analytical instrument development, including miniaturized gas chromatography and liquid chromatography, as well as micro bore columns and capillary-to-microfluidics-based platforms. Apart from the miniaturization of the separation column, which is the core part of a chromatographic system, other parts of the system, including the sampler, pumping system, gradient generation, and detection systems, have been miniaturized. Miniaturized liquid chromatography significantly reduces solvent and sample consumption while providing comparable or even better separation efficiency. When liquid chromatography is coupled with mass spectroscopy, a low flow rate can increase the ionization efficiency, leading to enhanced sensitivity of the mass spectrometer. In contrast, normal-scale liquid chromatography suffers from its relatively high volumetric flow rate, which challenges the scanning frequency of the mass spectrometer. On the other hand because of the small sample size, other detection strategies such as spectrometric methods cannot provide sufficient sensitivity and limits of detection. In this sense, mass spectrometry has become the detection method of choice for micro-scale liquid-phase chromatography. Miniaturized liquid chromatography can diminish sample dilution efficiently when extremely small amounts of samples are used. The main driving force for this miniaturization trend, especially in liquid-phase separations, is the desperate need for microscale analyses of biological and clinical samples, given these samples are precious and the sample size is usually very small. At present, microscale liquid-phase chromatography is the only method of choice for such small, precious, and highly informative samples. The miniaturization of liquid chromatography systems, especially chromatographic columns, would be advantageous to the modularization and integration of liquid chromatography instrumental systems. Chip liquid chromatography is an integration of chromatography columns, liquid control systems, and detection methods on a single microfluidic chip. Chip liquid chromatography is an excellent format for the miniaturization of liquid chromatography systems, and it has already attracted significant attention from academia and industry. However, this attempt is challenging, and great effort is required on fundamental techniques, such as the substrate material of the microfluidic chip, structure of the micro-chromatography column, fluid control method, and detection methods, in order to make the chips suitable for liquid chromatography. Currently, the major problem in chip liquid chromatography is that the properties of the chip substrate materials cannot meet the requirements for further miniaturization and integration of chip liquid chromatography. The strength of the existing chip substrate materials is generally below 60 MPa, and the material properties limit further advances in the miniaturization and integration of chromatographic chips. Therefore, new chip substrate materials and the standard of chip channel design such as channel size and channel structure should be the key for further development of chip liquid chromatography. Mainstream instrumentation companies as well as new start-up innovation companies are now undertaking efforts toward the development of microchip liquid chromatographic products. Agilent, the first instrumentation company that introduced commercial microchip liquid chromatographic columns to the market, has led this field. Apart from microchip-based columns, Agilent introduced trap columns for different kinds of biological molecules as well as gradient generation systems for microchip-based liquid phase chromatography. Recently, another start-up company introduced microchip columns based on the in situ microfabrication of the column bed rather than packing the column with a particulate material. Such developments in microfabrication may further propel the advancement of micro-scale liquid-phase chromatography to an unprecedented level, which is beyond the conventional components and materials employed in normal-scale liquid chromatography. This review introduces the recent research progress in microchip liquid chromatography technologies, and briefly discusses the current state of commercialization of microchips for liquid chromatography by major instrumentation companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanrong WEN
- 厦门大学化学化工学院, 福建 厦门 361005
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jue ZHU
- 厦门大学化学化工学院, 福建 厦门 361005
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Bo ZHANG
- 厦门大学化学化工学院, 福建 厦门 361005
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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16
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Krafft B, Tycova A, Urban RD, Dusny C, Belder D. Microfluidic device for concentration and SERS-based detection of bacteria in drinking water. Electrophoresis 2020; 42:86-94. [PMID: 32391575 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is a constant need for the development of easy-to-operate systems for the rapid and unambiguous identification of bacterial pathogens in drinking water without the requirement for time-consuming culture processes. In this study, we present a disposable and low-cost lab-on-a-chip device utilizing a nanoporous membrane, which connects two stacked perpendicular microfluidic channels. Whereas one of the channels supplies the sample, the second one attracts it by potential-driven forces. Surface-enhanced Raman spectrometry (SERS) is employed as a reliable detection method for bacteria identification. To gain the effect of surface enhancement, silver nanoparticles were added to the sample. The pores of the membrane act as a filter trapping the bodies of microorganisms as well as clusters of nanoparticles creating suitable conditions for sensitive SERS detection. Therein, we focused on the construction and characterization of the device performance. To demonstrate the functionality of the microfluidic chip, we analyzed common pathogens (Escherichia coli DH5α and Pseudomonas taiwanensis VLB120) from spiked tap water using the optimized experimental parameters. The obtained results confirmed our system to be promising for the construction of a disposable optical platform for reliable and rapid pathogen detection which couples their electrokinetic concentration on the integrated nanoporous membrane with SERS detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Krafft
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Tycova
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Raphael D Urban
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Dusny
- Department Solar Materials, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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