1
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Ikbal MDA, Kang S, Chen X, Gu L, Wang C. Picomolar-Level Sensing of Cannabidiol by Metal Nanoparticles Functionalized with Chemically Induced Dimerization Binders. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4696-4706. [PMID: 38084058 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Simple and fast detection of small molecules is critical for health and environmental monitoring. Methods for chemical detection often use mass spectrometers or enzymes; the former relies on expensive equipment, and the latter is limited to those that can act as enzyme substrates. Affinity reagents like antibodies can target a variety of small-molecule analytes, but the detection requires the successful design of chemically conjugated targets or analogs for competitive binding assays. Here, we developed a generalizable method for the highly sensitive and specific in-solution detection of small molecules, using cannabidiol (CBD) as an example. Our sensing platform uses gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with a pair of chemically induced dimerization (CID) nanobody binders (nanobinders), where CID triggers AuNP aggregation and sedimentation in the presence of CBD. Despite moderate binding affinities of the two nanobinders to CBD (equilibrium dissociation constants KD of ∼6 and ∼56 μM), a scheme consisting of CBD-AuNP preanalytical incubation, centrifugation, and electronic detection (ICED) was devised to demonstrate a high sensitivity (limit of detection of ∼100 picomolar) in urine and saliva, a relatively short sensing time (∼2 h), a large dynamic range (5 logs), and a sufficiently high specificity to differentiate CBD from its analog, tetrahydrocannabinol. The high sensing performance was achieved with the multivalency of AuNP sensing, the ICED scheme that increases analyte concentrations in a small assay volume, and a portable electronic detector. This sensing system is readily applicable for wide molecular diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Ashif Ikbal
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Centre for Photonic Innovation, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Shoukai Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Center of Excellence in Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Xiahui Chen
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Centre for Photonic Innovation, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Liangcai Gu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Center of Excellence in Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Centre for Photonic Innovation, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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2
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Lafi Z, Gharaibeh L, Nsairat H, Asha N, Alshaer W. Aptasensors: employing molecular probes for precise medical diagnostics and drug monitoring. Bioanalysis 2023; 15:1439-1460. [PMID: 37847048 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2023-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate detection and monitoring of therapeutic drug levels are vital for effective patient care and treatment management. Aptamers, composed of single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules, are integral components of biosensors designed for both qualitative and quantitative detection of biological samples. Aptasensors play crucial roles in target identification, validation, detection of drug-target interactions and screening potential of drug candidates. This review focuses on the pivotal role of aptasensors in early disease detection, particularly in identifying biomarkers associated with various diseases such as cancer, infectious diseases and cardiovascular disorders. Aptasensors have demonstrated exceptional potential in enhancing disease diagnostics and monitoring therapeutic drug levels. Aptamer-based biosensors represent a transformative technology in the field of healthcare, enabling precise diagnostics, drug monitoring and disease detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Lafi
- Pharmacological & Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
| | - Lobna Gharaibeh
- Pharmacological & Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
| | - Hamdi Nsairat
- Pharmacological & Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
| | - Nisreen Asha
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Walhan Alshaer
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
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3
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Ikbal MDA, Kang S, Chen X, Gu L, Wang C. Picomolar-Level Sensing of Cannabidiol by Metal Nanoparticles Functionalized with Chemically Induced Dimerization Binders. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.13.557660. [PMID: 37745324 PMCID: PMC10515952 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.13.557660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Simple and fast detection of small molecules is critical to health and environmental monitoring. Methods for chemical detection often use mass spectrometers or enzymes; the former relies on expensive equipment and the latter is limited to those that can act as enzyme substrates. Affinity reagents like antibodies can target a variety of small-molecule analytes, but the detection requires successful design of chemically conjugated targets or analogs for competitive binding assays. Here, we developed a generalizable method for highly sensitive and specific in-solution detection of small molecules, using cannabidiol (CBD) as an example. Our sensing platform uses gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with a pair of chemically induced dimerization (CID) nanobody binders (nano-binders), where CID triggers AuNPs aggregation and sedimentation in the presence of CBD. Despite moderate binding affinities of the two nano-binders to CBD (KDs of ~6 and ~56 μM), a scheme consisting of CBD-AuNP pre-analytical incubation, centrifugation, and electronic detection (ICED) was devised to demonstrate a high sensitivity (limit of detection of ~100 picomolar) in urine and saliva, a relatively short assay time (~2 hours), a large dynamic range (5 logs), and a sufficiently high specificity to differentiate CBD from its analog, tetrahydrocannabinol. The high sensing performance was achieved with the multivalency of AuNP sensing, the ICED scheme that increases analyte concentrations in a small assay volume, and a portable electronic detector. This sensing system is readily coupled to other binders for wide molecular diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- MD Ashif Ikbal
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Centre for Photonic Innovation, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Shoukai Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Center of Excellence in Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, WA 98195, USA
| | - Xiahui Chen
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Centre for Photonic Innovation, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Liangcai Gu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Center of Excellence in Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, WA 98195, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Centre for Photonic Innovation, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
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4
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Saiki T, Ogata G, Sawamura S, Asai K, Razvina O, Watanabe K, Kato R, Zhang Q, Akiyama K, Madhurantakam S, Ahmad NB, Ino D, Nashimoto H, Matsumoto Y, Moriyama M, Horii A, Kondo C, Ochiai R, Kusuhara H, Saijo Y, Einaga Y, Hibino H. A strategy for low-cost portable monitoring of plasma drug concentrations using a sustainable boron-doped-diamond chip. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15963. [PMID: 37234605 PMCID: PMC10205593 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
On-site monitoring of plasma drug concentrations is required for effective therapies. Recently developed handy biosensors are not yet popular owing to insufficient evaluation of accuracy on clinical samples and the necessity of complicated costly fabrication processes. Here, we approached these bottlenecks via a strategy involving engineeringly unmodified boron-doped diamond (BDD), a sustainable electrochemical material. A sensing system based on a ∼1 cm2 BDD chip, when analysing rat plasma spiked with a molecular-targeting anticancer drug, pazopanib, detected clinically relevant concentrations. The response was stable in 60 sequential measurements on the same chip. In a clinical study, data obtained with a BDD chip were consistent with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry results. Finally, the portable system with a palm-sized sensor containing the chip analysed ∼40 μL of whole blood from dosed rats within ∼10 min. This approach with the 'reusable' sensor may improve point-of-monitoring systems and personalised medicine while reducing medical costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Saiki
- Department of Medical Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Genki Ogata
- Department of Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Seishiro Sawamura
- Division of Glocal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kai Asai
- Department of Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Olga Razvina
- G-MedEx Project, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Kota Watanabe
- Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Rito Kato
- Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Qi Zhang
- Division of Glocal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Koei Akiyama
- Division of Glocal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Sasya Madhurantakam
- Division of Glocal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norzahirah Binti Ahmad
- Division of Glocal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ino
- Division of Glocal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruma Nashimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Matsumoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Masato Moriyama
- Department of Medical Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Arata Horii
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Chie Kondo
- Pharmaceuticals and Life Sciences Division, Shimadzu Techno-Research, Inc., 1, Nishinokyo-shimoai-cho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 604-8436, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ochiai
- Pharmaceuticals and Life Sciences Division, Shimadzu Techno-Research, Inc., 1, Nishinokyo-shimoai-cho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 604-8436, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kusuhara
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasuo Saijo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Einaga
- Department of Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hibino
- Division of Glocal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- AMED-CREST, AMED, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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5
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Design strategies, current applications and future perspective of aptasensors for neurological disease biomarkers. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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6
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Wu Y, Tehrani F, Teymourian H, Mack J, Shaver A, Reynoso M, Kavner J, Huang N, Furmidge A, Duvvuri A, Nie Y, Laffel L, Doyle FJ, Patti ME, Dassau E, Wang J, Arroyo-Currás N. Microneedle Aptamer-Based Sensors for Continuous, Real-Time Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Anal Chem 2022; 94:8335-8345. [PMID: 35653647 PMCID: PMC9202557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability to continuously monitor the concentration of specific molecules in the body is a long-sought goal of biomedical research. For this purpose, interstitial fluid (ISF) was proposed as the ideal target biofluid because its composition can rapidly equilibrate with that of systemic blood, allowing the assessment of molecular concentrations that reflect full-body physiology. In the past, continuous monitoring in ISF was enabled by microneedle sensor arrays. Yet, benchmark microneedle sensors can only detect molecules that undergo redox reactions, which limits the ability to sense metabolites, biomarkers, and therapeutics that are not redox-active. To overcome this barrier, here, we expand the scope of these devices by demonstrating the first use of microneedle-supported electrochemical, aptamer-based (E-AB) sensors. This platform achieves molecular recognition based on affinity interactions, vastly expanding the scope of molecules that can be sensed. We report the fabrication of microneedle E-AB sensor arrays and a method to regenerate them for multiple uses. In addition, we demonstrate continuous molecular measurements using these sensors in flow systems in vitro using single and multiplexed microneedle array configurations. Translation of the platform to in vivo measurements is possible as we demonstrate with a first E-AB measurement in the ISF of a rodent. The encouraging results reported in this work should serve as the basis for future translation of microneedle E-AB sensor arrays to biomedical research in preclinical animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wu
- Department
of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, United States
| | - Farshad Tehrani
- Department
of Nanoengineering, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Hazhir Teymourian
- Department
of Nanoengineering, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - John Mack
- Biochemistry,
Cellular and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, United States
| | - Alexander Shaver
- Department
of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, United States
| | - Maria Reynoso
- Department
of Nanoengineering, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jonathan Kavner
- Department
of Nanoengineering, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Nickey Huang
- Department
of Nanoengineering, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Allison Furmidge
- Department
of Nanoengineering, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Andrés Duvvuri
- Department
of Nanoengineering, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Yuhang Nie
- Department
of Nanoengineering, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Lori
M. Laffel
- Joslin
Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Francis J. Doyle
- Harvard
John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, Massachusetts 02134, United States
| | - Mary-Elizabeth Patti
- Joslin
Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Eyal Dassau
- Harvard
John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, Massachusetts 02134, United States
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department
of Nanoengineering, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Netzahualcóyotl Arroyo-Currás
- Department
of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, United States
- Biochemistry,
Cellular and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, United States
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7
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Lanthanide (Eu 3+/Tb 3+)-Loaded γ-Cyclodextrin Nano-Aggregates for Smart Sensing of the Anticancer Drug Irinotecan. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126597. [PMID: 35743042 PMCID: PMC9223530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical use of anticancer drugs necessitates new technologies for their safe, sensitive, and selective detection. In this article, lanthanide (Eu3+ and Tb3+)-loaded γ-cyclodextrin nano-aggregates (ECA and TCA) are reported, which sensitively detects the anticancer drug irinotecan by fluorescence intensity changes. Fluorescent lanthanide (Eu3+ and Tb3+) complexes exhibit high fluorescence intensity, narrow and distinct emission bands, long fluorescence lifetime, and insensitivity to photobleaching. However, these lanthanide (Eu3+ and Tb3+) complexes are essentially hydrophobic, toxic, and non-biocompatible. Lanthanide (Eu3+ and Tb3+) complexes were loaded into naturally hydrophilic γ-cyclodextrin to form fluorescent nano-aggregates. The biological nontoxicity and cytocompatibility of ECA and TCA fluorescent nanoparticles were demonstrated by cytotoxicity experiments. The ECA and TCA fluorescence nanosensors can detect irinotecan selectively and sensitively through the change of fluorescence intensity, with detection limits of 6.80 μM and 2.89 μM, respectively. ECA can safely detect irinotecan in the cellular environment, while TCA can detect irinotecan intracellularly and is suitable for cell labeling.
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8
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Jiang W, Jones JC, Shankavaram U, Sproull M, Camphausen K, Krauze AV. Analytical Considerations of Large-Scale Aptamer-Based Datasets for Translational Applications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2227. [PMID: 35565358 PMCID: PMC9105298 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and advancement of aptamer technology has opened a new realm of possibilities for unlocking the biocomplexity available within proteomics. With ultra-high-throughput and multiplexing, alongside remarkable specificity and sensitivity, aptamers could represent a powerful tool in disease-specific research, such as supporting the discovery and validation of clinically relevant biomarkers. One of the fundamental challenges underlying past and current proteomic technology has been the difficulty of translating proteomic datasets into standards of practice. Aptamers provide the capacity to generate single panels that span over 7000 different proteins from a singular sample. However, as a recent technology, they also present unique challenges, as the field of translational aptamer-based proteomics still lacks a standardizing methodology for analyzing these large datasets and the novel considerations that must be made in response to the differentiation amongst current proteomic platforms and aptamers. We address these analytical considerations with respect to surveying initial data, deploying proper statistical methodologies to identify differential protein expressions, and applying datasets to discover multimarker and pathway-level findings. Additionally, we present aptamer datasets within the multi-omics landscape by exploring the intersectionality of aptamer-based proteomics amongst genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, alongside pre-existing proteomic platforms. Understanding the broader applications of aptamer datasets will substantially enhance current efforts to generate translatable findings for the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will Jiang
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, CRC, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (W.J.); (U.S.); (M.S.); (K.C.)
| | - Jennifer C. Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, NIH/NCI/CCR, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Uma Shankavaram
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, CRC, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (W.J.); (U.S.); (M.S.); (K.C.)
| | - Mary Sproull
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, CRC, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (W.J.); (U.S.); (M.S.); (K.C.)
| | - Kevin Camphausen
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, CRC, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (W.J.); (U.S.); (M.S.); (K.C.)
| | - Andra V. Krauze
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, CRC, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (W.J.); (U.S.); (M.S.); (K.C.)
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9
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Lasserre P, Balansethupathy B, Vezza VJ, Butterworth A, Macdonald A, Blair EO, McAteer L, Hannah S, Ward AC, Hoskisson PA, Longmuir A, Setford S, Farmer ECW, Murphy ME, Flynn H, Corrigan DK. SARS-CoV-2 Aptasensors Based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Low-Cost Gold Electrode Substrates. Anal Chem 2022; 94:2126-2133. [PMID: 35043638 PMCID: PMC8790822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic practices broadly involve either quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based nucleic amplification of viral sequences or antigen-based tests such as lateral flow assays (LFAs). Reverse transcriptase-qPCR can detect viral RNA and is the gold standard for sensitivity. However, the technique is time-consuming and requires expensive laboratory infrastructure and trained staff. LFAs are lower in cost and near real time, and because they are antigen-based, they have the potential to provide a more accurate indication of a disease state. However, LFAs are reported to have low real-world sensitivity and in most cases are only qualitative. Here, an antigen-based electrochemical aptamer sensor is presented, which has the potential to address some of these shortfalls. An aptamer, raised to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, was immobilized on a low-cost gold-coated polyester substrate adapted from the blood glucose testing industry. Clinically relevant detection levels for SARS-CoV-2 are achieved in a simple, label-free measurement format using sample incubation times as short as 15 min on nasopharyngeal swab samples. This assay can readily be optimized for mass manufacture and is compatible with a low-cost meter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perrine Lasserre
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow East, Glasgow G4 0NW, U.K.
| | | | - Vincent J. Vezza
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow East, Glasgow G4 0NW, U.K.
| | - Adrian Butterworth
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow East, Glasgow G4 0NW, U.K.
| | - Alexander Macdonald
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow East, Glasgow G4 0NW, U.K.
| | - Ewen O. Blair
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow East, Glasgow G4 0NW, U.K.
| | - Liam McAteer
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow East, Glasgow G4 0NW, U.K.
| | - Stuart Hannah
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow East, Glasgow G4 0NW, U.K.
| | - Andrew C. Ward
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow G1 1XJ, U.K.
| | - Paul A. Hoskisson
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K.
| | - Alistair Longmuir
- LifeScan
Scotland Ltd, Beechwood Park North, Inverness IV2 3ED, U.K.
| | - Steven Setford
- LifeScan
Scotland Ltd, Beechwood Park North, Inverness IV2 3ED, U.K.
| | - Eoghan C. W. Farmer
- NHS GGC,
Department of Microbiology, Glasgow Royal
Infirmary, NEW Lister Building, Glasgow G31 2ER, United Kingdom
| | - Michael E. Murphy
- NHS GGC,
Department of Microbiology, Glasgow Royal
Infirmary, NEW Lister Building, Glasgow G31 2ER, United Kingdom
- School
of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, College of Medical Veterinary
& Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Harriet Flynn
- Aptamer
Group, Suite 2.78−2.91,
Bio Centre, Innovation Way, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, U.K.
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral
Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Damion K. Corrigan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow East, Glasgow G4 0NW, U.K.
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Ong JJ, Pollard TD, Goyanes A, Gaisford S, Elbadawi M, Basit AW. Optical biosensors - Illuminating the path to personalized drug dosing. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 188:113331. [PMID: 34038838 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Optical biosensors are low-cost, sensitive and portable devices that are poised to revolutionize the medical industry. Healthcare monitoring has already been transformed by such devices, with notable recent applications including heart rate monitoring in smartwatches and COVID-19 lateral flow diagnostic test kits. The commercial success and impact of existing optical sensors has galvanized research in expanding its application in numerous disciplines. Drug detection and monitoring seeks to benefit from the fast-approaching wave of optical biosensors, with diverse applications ranging from illicit drug testing, clinical trials, monitoring in advanced drug delivery systems and personalized drug dosing. The latter has the potential to significantly improve patients' lives by minimizing toxicity and maximizing efficacy. To achieve this, the patient's serum drug levels must be frequently measured. Yet, the current method of obtaining such information, namely therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), is not routinely practiced as it is invasive, expensive, time-consuming and skilled labor-intensive. Certainly, optical sensors possess the capabilities to challenge this convention. This review explores the current state of optical biosensors in personalized dosing with special emphasis on TDM, and provides an appraisal on recent strategies. The strengths and challenges of optical biosensors are critically evaluated, before concluding with perspectives on the future direction of these sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jie Ong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas D Pollard
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Alvaro Goyanes
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Simon Gaisford
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Elbadawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Abdul W Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom.
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