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Yeh KC, Hung CF, Lee HL, Hsieh TY, Wang SJ. Soybean Meal Extract Preserves Memory Ability by Increasing Presynaptic Function and Modulating Gut Microbiota in Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:1649-1664. [PMID: 35001354 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02669-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Age-related degenerative brain diseases frequently manifest as memory deficits. Dietary interventions or nutraceuticals may provide efficacious treatments through prevention and cure. Soybean meal, a byproduct of soy oil refining, has health benefits, but its effect on memory function is unknown. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of the oral administration of soybean meal extract (SME) for 2 weeks on memory function using the Morris water maze (MWM) test in healthy rats and investigated the possible underlying mechanisms. First, analysis of the composition revealed that SME is rich in isoflavones; SME did not exhibit hepatotoxicity or renal toxicity at the different doses tested. The MWM results revealed that the escape latency and movement distance of rats were significantly shorter in the SME group than in the control group, indicating that SME can help in memory preservation. In addition, SME increased the levels of presynaptic proteins such as synaptophysin, synaptobrevin, synaptotagmin, syntaxin, synapsin I, and 25-kDa synaptosome-associated protein as well as protein kinases and their phosphorylated expression, including extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), protein kinase C (PKC), and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the hippocampal nerve terminals (synaptosomes). Transmission electron microscopy also indicated that SME increased the number of synaptic vesicles in hippocampal synaptosomes. Furthermore, SME rats exhibited altered microbiota composition compared with control rats. Therefore, our data suggest that SME can increase presynaptic function and modulate gut microbiota, thus aiding in memory preservation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Chieh Yeh
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, No.510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, No.510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yang Hsieh
- P.H.D. Program in Neutrition & Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Su-Jane Wang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, No.510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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Radice M, Manfredini S, Ziosi P, Dissette V, Buso P, Fallacara A, Vertuani S. Herbal extracts, lichens and biomolecules as natural photo-protection alternatives to synthetic UV filters. A systematic review. Fitoterapia 2016; 114:144-162. [PMID: 27642040 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Besides the unquestionable positive effects of solar exposure for human health, UV rays have been widely investigated for toxicology aspects related to excessive UVB and UVA doses, which involve sunburns, skin aging, DNA skin damage and tumorigenesis. At present, synthetic and mineral sunscreens are used to protect against these damages but several natural molecules can provide UV protection, including also synergic effect or enhanced photo stability. Although a large number of herbal extracts and plant origin molecules can deserve potential applications, most of the study reported utilizes different method and different strategies of investigation, making thus difficult to understand the real versus claimed potential. This is possibly one of the reasons why, beside the large body of literature there are no officially approved natural commercial sun-filter but a consistent number of commercially available solar products (sunscreen) on the market that contain herbal derivatives. In this review we have evaluated the papers appeared in the last 15years and we have critically collected the most significant data. Several databases, namely Scifinder, Pubmed, Google Scholar, ISI-Web of Science and Scopus, were used as literature sources; excluding patents and symposium or congress papers. Only articles in the English language have been selected. New formulation, new skin delivery systems, skin penetration enhancers and boosters are most likely the next frontier of investigation in order to better understand the role of whole herbal extracts in exerting their photo protective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Radice
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Km 2 ½ Via Napo (paso lateral), Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- School of Pharmacy and Health Products, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; Ambrosialab Srl, Via Mortara 171, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Paola Ziosi
- Ambrosialab Srl, Via Mortara 171, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valeria Dissette
- School of Pharmacy and Health Products, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Piergiacomo Buso
- School of Pharmacy and Health Products, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Arianna Fallacara
- School of Pharmacy and Health Products, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- School of Pharmacy and Health Products, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; Ambrosialab Srl, Via Mortara 171, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Abstract
The rise in solar ultraviolet radiation on the earth's surface has led to a depletion of stratospheric ozone over recent decades, thus accelerating the need to protect human skin against the harmful effects of UV radiation such as erythema, edema, hyperpigmentation, photoaging, and skin cancer. There are many different ways to protect skin against UV radiation's harmful effects. The most popular way to reduce the amount of UV radiation penetrating the skin is topical application of sunscreen products that contain UV absorbing or reflecting active molecules. Based on their protection mechanism, the active molecules in sunscreens are broadly divided into inorganic and organic agents. Inorganic sunscreens reflect and scatter UV and visible radiation, while organic sunscreens absorb UV radiation and then re-emit energy as heat or light. These synthetic molecules have limited concentration according to regulation concern. Several natural compounds with UV absorption property have been used to substitute for or to reduce the quantity of synthetic sunscreen agents. In addition to UV absorption property, most natural compounds were found to act as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory agents, which provide further protection against the damaging effects of UV radiation exposure. Compounds derived from natural sources have gained considerable attention for use in sunscreen products and have bolstered the market trend toward natural cosmetics. This adds to the importance of there being a wide selection of active molecules in sunscreen formulations. This paper summarizes a number of natural products derived from propolis, plants, algae, and lichens that have shown potential photoprotection properties against UV radiation exposure-induced skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisakorn Saewan
- School of Cosmetic Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Muang, Chiangrai, Thailand
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Ahmad A, Hayat I, Arif S, Masud T, Khalid N, Ahmed A. Mechanisms Involved in the Therapeutic Effects of Soybean (Glycine Max). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2012.714828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Liu W, Zhang HX, Wu ZL, Wang YJ, Wang LJ. Recovery of isoflavone aglycones from soy whey wastewater using foam fractionation and acidic hydrolysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:7366-72. [PMID: 23876068 DOI: 10.1021/jf401693m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to recover isoflavone aglycones from industrial soy whey wastewater, where the isoflavone aglycones mainly existed in the form of β-glycosides. First, foam fractionation was used for effectively concentrating the total soy isoflavones, including isoflavone aglycones and β-glycosides, from the wastewater. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated the existence of complexes of soy isoflavones and soy proteins. When soy proteins were used as the collectors, a high enrichment ratio of 3.68 was obtained under the optimal operating conditions of temperature of 50 °C, pH of 5.0, volumetric air flow rate of 100 mL/min, and loading liquid height of 400 mm. Subsequently, acidic hydrolysis was used for hydrolyzing β-glycosides in the foamate into aglycones. Using response surface methodology, a hydrolytic percentage could reach 96% under the optimum hydrolysis conditions of hydrolytic temperature of 80 °C, hydrochloric acid concentration of 1.37 mol/L, and hydrolytic time of 90 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300130, People's Republic of China
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Application of the Microwave-assisted Process to the Fast Extraction of Isoflavone from the Waste Residue of the Soybeans. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2009. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2009.30.11.2687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Chiu TM, Huang CC, Lin TJ, Fang JY, Wu NL, Hung CF. In vitro and in vivo anti-photoaging effects of an isoflavone extract from soybean cake. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 126:108-13. [PMID: 19679176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2008] [Revised: 06/22/2009] [Accepted: 07/31/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Soy has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years for its health and nutritional benefits, as well as to treat and care for the skin. Advanced skin care research has shown that soy isoflavone and genistein are effective in reducing damage to the skin from the sun. AIM OF THE STUDY To study the protective effects of isoflavone extract from soybean cake against the UVB-induced skin damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vitro effects and possible mechanisms of soybean extract on UVB protection were determined in HaCaT cells. In the in vivo study, ICR-Foxn/(nu) mice were irradiated with UVB. The epidermal thickness, catalase and the expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the isoflavone extract. RESULTS Our in vitro studies showed that UVB-induced HaCaT cell death and the phosphorylation of p38, JNK, and ERK1/2 decreased in the presence of isoflavone extract. In the in vivo studies, we found that the topical application of isoflavone extract before UVB irritation decreased the epidermal thickness and the expressions of COX-2 and PCNA and increased catalase concentration. These results showed anti-photoaging effect of isoflavone extract from soybean cake involved the inhibition of UVB-induced apoptosis and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS It is shown that isoflavone extract from soybean cake may be functional cosmeceutical candidate for skin photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsu-Man Chiu
- Department of Dermatology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua Hsien, Taiwan, ROC
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Han D, Tian M, Row KH. Isolation of Four Compounds from Herba Artemisiae Scopariae by Preparative Column HPLC. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070903188120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Han
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Inha University , Incheon, Korea
| | - Minglei Tian
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Inha University , Incheon, Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Row
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Inha University , Incheon, Korea
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Wang BF, Wang JS, Lu JF, Kao TH, Chen BH. Antiproliferation effect and mechanism of prostate cancer cell lines as affected by isoflavones from soybean cake. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:2221-32. [PMID: 19292464 DOI: 10.1021/jf8037715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the antiproliferation effect of prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and PC-3 as affected by 4 isoflavone fractions prepared from soybean cake and isoflavone standards genistein and daidzein. With the MTT test, most treatments were effective in inhibiting prostate cancer cell growth at a low dose of 5 and 10 mug/mL. In cell cycle analysis, the fractions of aglycon, a mixture of acetylglucoside and aglycon, as well as genistein and a combination of genistein and daidzein standards exhibited a high G2/M ratio for LNCaP, as did the acetylglucoside, genistein and a combination of genistein and daidzein standards for PC-3. Results of Western blotting revealed an increase in p53 protein expression of LNCaP following treatments of the aglycon fraction, genistein and a combination of genistein and daidzein standards. However, all the treatments did not affect Bcl-2 protein expression significantly in both LNCaP and PC-3 cells. A decline in cyclin B1 expression of LNCaP was observed for all the treatments, with the mixture of acetylglucoside and aglycon possessing the most pronounced effect. But for PC-3, a decrease in cyclin B1 expression was shown for all the isoflavones, with the exception of malonylglucoside, glucoside and acetylglucoside fractions. The outcome of this study may provide a basis for possible production of functional food in the future with soybean cake as raw material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai Fu Wang
- Department of Urology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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Kao TH, Chien JT, Chen BH. Extraction yield of isoflavones from soybean cake as affected by solvent and supercritical carbon dioxide. Food Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kao TH, Wu WM, Hung CF, Wu WB, Chen BH. Anti-inflammatory effects of isoflavone powder produced from soybean cake. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:11068-79. [PMID: 18052238 DOI: 10.1021/jf071851u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Soybean cake, a byproduct obtained during the processing of soybean oil, has been shown to be a rich source of isoflavones. The objectives of this study were to use soybean cake as raw material for processing into powder and to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity. Eleven treatments, including powders of malonylglucoside, glucoside, acetylglucoside, aglycone, ISO-1, and ISO-2, as well as genistein standard, gamma-PGA, control, normal, and PDTC, were used for evaluation. A total of 77 mice were each provided daily with tube feeding for 4 weeks at a dose of 0.3 mL of aqueous solution from each treatment, and inflammation was induced with intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg/kg of body weight lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results showed that all of the isoflavone powders and genistein standard were effective in inhibiting LPS-induced inflammation, lowering leukocyte number in mice blood and reducing production of IL-1beta, IL-6, NO, and PGE2 in both peritoneal exudate cell supernatant and peritoneal exudate fluid. All of the isoflavone treatments failed to retard T cell proliferation; however, both ISO-1 and ISO-2 could inhibit B cell proliferation. The difference in anti-inflammatory activity was minor between any of the isoflavone treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Kao
- Graduate Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Antiproliferation of Hepatoma Cell and Progression of Cell Cycle as Affected by Isoflavone Extracts from Soybean Cake. Int J Mol Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.3390/i8111092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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UVB-Protective Effects of Isoflavone Extracts from Soybean Cake in Human Keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.3390/i8070651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Kao TH, Chen BH. Effects of different carriers on the production of isoflavone powder from soybean cake. Molecules 2007; 12:917-31. [PMID: 17851444 PMCID: PMC6149415 DOI: 10.3390/12040917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2007] [Revised: 04/24/2007] [Accepted: 04/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to use soybean cake as the raw material for the production of isoflavone powder and compare the effects of different carriers as well as drying methods on the powder quality. Results showed that with spray drying, a level of 40% maltodextrin as carrier produced the highest yield (mass) of isoflavone powder, followed by 10% gelatin and 1% sodium alginate. However, a reversed trend was observed for the isoflavone content. With 1% sodium alginate, freeze drying generated the greatest yield of isoflavone powder, followed by vacuum drying and spray drying. The isoflavone content also exhibited the same tendency. With poly-gamma-glutamic acid (gamma-PGA) as carrier, all six levels studied (0.57, 0.28, 0.14, 0.028, 0.014 and 0.003%) were capable of forming powder containing high amounts of total isoflavone, which was comparable to that using 1% sodium alginate by freeze drying. Both high- and low-molecular-weight gamma-PGA showed similar effects in terms of powder yield and isoflavone content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bing-Huei Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Fu Jen University, Taipei 242, Taiwan
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