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Potortì AG, Lopreiato V, Nava V, Litrenta F, Lo Turco V, Santini A, Liotta L, Di Bella G. The use of olive cake in the diet of dairy cows improves the mineral elements of Provola cheese. Food Chem 2024; 436:137713. [PMID: 37857194 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Mineral elements (Ca, Na, K, Mg, Zn, Ti, Sr, Fe, Ni, Ba, Cr, Mn, Cu, Se, Cd, Mo, B, V, As, Pb and Hg) in Provola cheeses obtained from dairy cows fed with two different integrated diets (Biotrak) and without olive cake (Control) were determined to discriminate between the two different cheeses. The results showed that cheeses from the Biotrak group presented higher values of essential elements. Selenium (Se) was found to be the most interesting: in Biotrak cheeses the content of Se was in the range of 0.112 to 0.281 mg/kg, about twice the content of Se in cheeses from the Control group. Among the toxic elements, only Cd was found in the samples, but at low levels (in average lower than 0.11 mg/kg). Therefore, the use of olive cake in animal feed is a good strategy to improve the mineral profile of the product obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Giorgia Potortì
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Palatucci 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lopreiato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nava
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Palatucci 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Litrenta
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Palatucci 13, 98168 Messina, Italy; Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci 13, 98168 Messina, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Lo Turco
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Palatucci 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80049 Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Liotta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Di Bella
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Palatucci 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
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2
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Di Bella G, Porretti M, Cafarelli M, Litrenta F, Potortì AG, Turco VL, Albergamo A, Xhilari M, Faggio C. Screening of phthalate and non-phthalate plasticizers and bisphenols in Sicilian women's blood. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 100:104166. [PMID: 37268242 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The plastic accumulation and its degradation into microplastics is an environmental issue not only for their ubiquity, but also for the release of intrinsic chemicals, such as phthalates (PAEs), non-phthalate plasticizers (NPPs), and bisphenols (BPs), which may reach body organs and tissues, and act as endocrine disruptors. Monitoring plastic additives in biological matrices, such as blood, may help in deriving relationships between human exposure and health outcomes. In this work, the profile of PAEs, NPPs and BPs was determined in Sicilian women's blood with different ages (20-60 years) and interpreted by chemometrics. PAEs (DiBP and DEPH), NPPs (DEHT and DEHA), BPA and BPS were at higher frequencies and greater levels in women's blood and varied in relation to age. According to statistical analysis, younger females' blood had higher contents of plasticizers than older women, probably due to a more frequent use of higher quantities of plastic products in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppa Di Bella
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Miriam Porretti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Mirea Cafarelli
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Federica Litrenta
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Angela Giorgia Potortì
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Lo Turco
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Ambrogina Albergamo
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | | | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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3
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Monitoring Moroccan Honeys: Physicochemical Properties and Contamination Pattern. Foods 2023; 12:foods12050969. [PMID: 36900486 PMCID: PMC10000722 DOI: 10.3390/foods12050969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The physicochemical traits and an array of organic and inorganic contaminants were monitored in monofloral honeys (i.e., jujube [Ziziphus lotus], sweet orange [Citrus sinensis], PGI Euphorbia [Euphorbia resinifera] and Globularia alyphum) from the Moroccan Béni Mellal-Khénifra region (i.e., Khénifra, Beni Méllal, Azlal and Fquih Ben Salah provinces). Moroccan honeys were in line with the physicochemical standards set by the European Union. However, a critical contamination pattern has been outlined. In fact, jujube, sweet orange, and PGI Euphorbia honeys contained pesticides, such as acephate, dimethoate, diazinon, alachlor, carbofuran and fenthion sulfoxide, higher than the relative EU Maximum Residue Levels. The banned 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB118) and 2,2',3,4,4',5,5'-heptachlorobiphenyl (PCB180) were detected in all samples and quantified in jujube, sweet orange and PGI Euphorbia honeys; while polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as chrysene and fluorene, stood out for their higher contents in jujube and sweet orange honeys. Considering plasticizers, all honeys showed an excessive amount of dibutyl phthalate (DBP), when (improperly) considering the relative EU Specific Migration Limit. Furthermore, sweet orange, PGI Euphorbia and G. alypum honeys were characterized by Pb exceeding the EU Maximum Level. Overall, data from this study may encourage Moroccan governmental bodies to strengthen their monitoring activity in beekeeping and to find suitable solutions for implementing more sustainable agricultural practices.
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Zhang C, Zhou J, Ma T, Guo W, Wei D, Tan Y, Deng Y. Advances in application of sensors for determination of phthalate esters. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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5
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Comparison of Two Extraction Procedures, SPE and DLLME, for Determining Plasticizer Residues in Hot Drinks at Vending Machines. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper would like to compare two extraction procedures for analyzing phthalates (PAEs) in hot drinks collected at vending machines, usually coffee and tea. The two analytical procedures are based on Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) using C18 cartridge and on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) assisted by ultrasound and vortex for improving the dispersion mechanically, with each followed by a routinary analytical method such as GC-FID. Seven phthalates (DMP, DEP, DiBP, DBP, DEHP, DOP, DDP) have been analyzed and determined. All the analytical parameters (i.e., recovery, limit of detection, limit of quantification, enrichment factors, repeatability, reproducibility) have been investigated and discussed, as has the matrix effect. The entire procedure has been applied to hot drink matrices, e.g., coffee, decaffeinated coffee, barley coffee, ginseng coffee and tea.
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Phthalic acid esters and adipates in herbal-based soft drinks: an eco-friendly method. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:2903-2912. [PMID: 33709193 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03219-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) and adipates are plasticizers with high applicability in several products and building materials (e.g. cosmetics, packing) very persistent in the environment, features which render them ubiquitous pollutants. These substances can contaminate food through the environment (water, air, and soil) and/or migration from packaging materials, which creates a health concern due to their toxicity. This paper describes an eco-friendly dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) procedure to extract five phthalates and bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) from bottled herbal-based beverages followed by GC-MS/MS quantification. The method showed low limits of detection (5.0-13 μg L-1) and quantification (20-35 μg L-1), good inter- and intraday precision (RSD < 19%), and recoveries ranging from 82 to 111%. It was applied to 16 real samples, of which 13 showed the presence of at least one of the analytes under study. Additionally, an exposure assessment was performed, and resulted in a hazard quotient less than 1 (HQ < 1) for all analytes. Therefore, PAEs and DEHA found in samples do not pose a health issue.
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Jebara A, Lo Turco V, Potortì AG, Bartolomeo G, Ben Mansour H, Di Bella G. Organic pollutants in marine samples from Tunisian coast: Occurrence and associated human health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116266. [PMID: 33370609 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
140 contaminants belonging to various classes (organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides, pyrethroid insecticides, carbamates, fungicides, acaricides, herbicides, synergists, insect growth regulators, polychlorobiphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) were simultaneously analysed by GC-MS/MS in marine sediments, aquatic plant leaves and fish tissues samples. A total of 260 samples from five stations along the coast of Tunisia were evaluated. The results highlight that only 28 residues (12 polychlorobiphenyls, 8 organochlorine pesticides, 7 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and triphenyl phosphate) were detected at levels higher than relative LOQ values. The amounts in sediment samples were compared with Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) showing that the values are acceptable and no toxic effect is expected on aquatic organisms. A little variation of contaminant residues in sediment samples among coastal stations was recorded. Namely, with respect to almost all polychlorobiphenyls and organochlorine pesticides, higher values were recorder in summer. With respect to almost all polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, higher values were recorder in autumn. Aquatic plant leaves showed a residue accumulation higher than that of other compartments of marine system. The data about fish samples (Sparus aurata and Sarpa salpa, the two most frequently caught fish species at five sites on the central coast of Tunisia) do not pose direct hazard to human health because values were lower than protection limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Jebara
- APAE Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Monastir, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Vincenzo Lo Turco
- BioMorf Department, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, Polo Universitario, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Giorgia Potortì
- BioMorf Department, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, Polo Universitario, 98168, Messina, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Bartolomeo
- BioMorf Department, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, Polo Universitario, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Hedi Ben Mansour
- APAE Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Monastir, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Giuseppa Di Bella
- BioMorf Department, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, Polo Universitario, 98168, Messina, Italy
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Arpna Kumari, Rajinder Kaur. Chromatographic Methods for the Determination of Phthalic Acid Esters in Different Samples. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934821010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Rivera-Pérez A, Romero-González R, Garrido Frenich A. Persistent organic pollutants (PCBs and PCDD/Fs), PAHs, and plasticizers in spices, herbs, and tea - A review of chromatographic methods from the last decade (2010-2020). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5224-5244. [PMID: 33563047 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1883546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Edible and highly demanded plant-derived products such as herbs, spices, and tea may be subjected to exogenous contamination of well-known chemical hazards such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and emerging ones such as plasticizers, affecting negatively the safety of these food commodities. This fact has led to the increasing analysis of exogenous compounds including priority POPs such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), as well as highly persistent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Currently, plasticizer residues are also considered an emerging issue because of the extensive use in food packaging and potential migration into foodstuffs. In this review, the studies published from 2010 to 2020 were discussed, including the main extraction methods applied for these contaminants from herbs, spices, and tea, and it was revealed the trend toward the use of less solvent-consuming and time-effective methods. Chromatographic methods were also described, which were mainly combined with detection techniques such as classical or mass spectrometry (MS) detection. Finally, a comprehensive overview of the occurrence of these selected exogenous compounds was presented in the studied matrices, showing that their monitoring should be further investigated to ensure food safety of highly consumed condiments and tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Rivera-Pérez
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
| | - Roberto Romero-González
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
| | - Antonia Garrido Frenich
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
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Jebara A, Albergamo A, Rando R, Potortì AG, Lo Turco V, Mansour HB, Di Bella G. Phthalates and non-phthalate plasticizers in Tunisian marine samples: Occurrence, spatial distribution and seasonal variation. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 163:111967. [PMID: 33486405 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.111967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Seawater, sediment, seagrass and fish from several sites along the Tunisian coast were monitored for several phthalate esters (PAEs) and non-phthalate plasticizers (NPPs) during 2018-2019. In water and sediment, NPPs were higher than PAEs, being di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP, 0.0717 and 4.59 μg/g), and di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT, 0.634 and 2.42 μg/g) most abundant. As expected, sediments acted as a sink for plasticizers, thus revealing a stronger contamination than water. Seagrass was less contaminated than fish, being DEHP (0.726 and 1.77 μg/g) and DEHT (9.19 and 23.2 μg/g) predominant. Biota poorly concentrated/accumulated plasticizers from water and sediment depending on the logKoct/wat and water solubility of single congeners. The spatial distribution of plasticizers was affected by the proximity to anthropogenic sources and the rate of coastal currents; whereas their seasonal variation may be related to the length of time of touristic/industrial inputs and factors such as rainfall and urban stormwater runoff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Jebara
- Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied to Environmental - APAE UR17ES32, Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ambrogina Albergamo
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Images Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina - Viale Annunziata, Messina, Italy.
| | - Rossana Rando
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Images Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina - Viale Annunziata, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Giorgia Potortì
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Images Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina - Viale Annunziata, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lo Turco
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Images Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina - Viale Annunziata, Messina, Italy
| | - Hedi Ben Mansour
- Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied to Environmental - APAE UR17ES32, Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Giuseppa Di Bella
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Images Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina - Viale Annunziata, Messina, Italy
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11
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Lestido-Cardama A, Sendón R, Bustos J, Lomo ML, Losada PP, de Quirós ARB. Dietary Exposure Estimation to Chemicals Transferred from Milk and Dairy Products Packaging Materials in Spanish Child and Adolescent Population. Foods 2020; 9:E1554. [PMID: 33121003 PMCID: PMC7694080 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Packaging materials are subject to risk assessment since they can transfer their components to the food, and they may constitute a risk for the consumers' health. Therefore, estimating the exposure to chemicals migrating from packaging is required. In this study, a novel approach based on a total diet study (TDS)-like investigation to evaluate the exposure to chemicals transferred from the packaging was presented. The proposed methodology involved a non-targeted gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method to identify potential migrants and the determination of the migrants in composite food samples. The method was applied to evaluate the dietary exposure to chemicals from food packaging materials used for milk and dairy products in the Spanish child and adolescent populations. Several migrants identified in packaging materials were selected to determine their concentration in composite food samples. These chemicals included diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), bis(2ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), benzophenone (BP), 1,3-diphenylpropane (1,3-DPP), and bis(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT). The method exhibited a good sensitivity (limit of detection, LOD ≤ 0.05 µg/g) and a satisfactory recovery (78.4-124%). Finally, the exposure was estimated using the Spanish national dietary survey ENALIA. Phthalates DBP and DEHP showed the highest mean exposure, ranging from 2.42 (10-17 years)-4.40 (12-35 months) and 1.35 (10-17 years)-4.07 (12-35 months) µg/kg bw/day for DBP and DEHP, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antía Lestido-Cardama
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.S.); (P.P.L.); (A.R.B.d.Q.)
| | - Raquel Sendón
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.S.); (P.P.L.); (A.R.B.d.Q.)
| | - Juana Bustos
- National Food Center, Spanish Agency of Food Safety and Nutrition, E-28220 Majadahonda, Spain; (J.B.); (M.L.L.)
| | - Mª Luisa Lomo
- National Food Center, Spanish Agency of Food Safety and Nutrition, E-28220 Majadahonda, Spain; (J.B.); (M.L.L.)
| | - Perfecto Paseiro Losada
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.S.); (P.P.L.); (A.R.B.d.Q.)
| | - Ana Rodríguez Bernaldo de Quirós
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.S.); (P.P.L.); (A.R.B.d.Q.)
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12
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Alnaimat AS, Barciela-Alonso MC, Bermejo-Barrera P. Development of a sensitive method for the analysis of four phthalates in tea samples: Tea bag contribution to the total amount in tea infusion. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2020; 37:1719-1729. [PMID: 32706309 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1786170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive, precise and selective method for the analysis of butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and dimethyl phthalate (DMP) in tea samples has been applied. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Solid Phase Extraction (MIP-SPE) has been used for the separation and preconcentration of these compounds. Phthalates extracted by SPE were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS). The method was sensitive (LOD < 2 µg L-1), precise (RSD <10%) and accurate with recovery percentages ranging from 84% to 97%. Finally, the developed method was applied for the analysis of these phthalates in several tea samples marketed in bags. Migration studies were also performed to evaluate the concentration of phthalates released from the bags into the infusions, and teabag filters were analysed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The migration study shows that tea filter bags contribute to the total phthalates concentration in tea infusion, and this contribution varies between 1.8 to 93.5 % of the total phthalates' concentrations. Tea filter bags release higher DBP than BBP, DMP, and DEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alá S Alnaimat
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition, and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade De Santiago De Compostela , Santiago De Compostela, Spain.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University , Ma'an, Jordan
| | - María Carmen Barciela-Alonso
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition, and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade De Santiago De Compostela , Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Pilar Bermejo-Barrera
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition, and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade De Santiago De Compostela , Santiago De Compostela, Spain
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13
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von Eyken A, Ramachandran S, Bayen S. Suspected-target screening for the assessment of plastic-related chemicals in honey. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Jiang X, Xie Y, Wan D, Zheng F, Wang J. Enrichment-Free Rapid Detection of Phthalates in Chinese Liquor with Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20030901. [PMID: 32046225 PMCID: PMC7038971 DOI: 10.3390/s20030901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A non-invasive real-time detection technique for phthalates in Chinese liquor is proposed in this paper. This method is based on the measurement of Faradaic impedance in the presence of a redox probe, [Fe(CN)6]3−/4−, upon the absorption of phthalates to the graphene electrode surface. This absorption activity is according to the π–π stacking interactions between phthalates and the graphene working electrode which allows direct sampling and analyte preconcentration. The absorption of phthalates retards the interfacial electron-transfer kinetics and increases the charge-transfer resistance (Rct). Numerical values of Rct were extracted from a simulation of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) spectra with the corresponding equivalent circuit. Cathodic polarization was employed prior to EIS measurements to effectively eliminate the metal ion interference. The results yielded a detection limit of 0.024 ng/L for diethyl phthalate (DEP) with a linear range from 2.22 ng to 1.11 µg. These results indicate a possibility of developing a household sensor for phthalate determination in Chinese liquor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Jiang
- School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China;
| | - Yuqun Xie
- School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Duanji Wan
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China;
| | - Fuping Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China;
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (J.W.)
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15
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Lo Turco V, Potortì AG, Ben Mansour H, Dugo G, Di Bella G. Plasticizers and BPA in spices and aromatic herbs of Mediterranean areas. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:87-92. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1591403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Lo Turco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Giorgia Potortì
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Hedi Ben Mansour
- Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied to Environmental –APAE UR17ES32, Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Giacomo Dugo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Di Bella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Beltifa A, Belaid A, Lo Turco V, Machreki M, Ben Mansour H, Di Bella G. Preliminary evaluation of plasticizer and BPA in Tunisian cosmetics and investigation of hazards on human skin cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2018; 28:491-501. [PMID: 30010399 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2018.1489528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 18 plasticizer (phthalates, adipates, sebacates, and others) and BPA residues in some cosmetic samples collected from Tunisian market are evaluated by micro-matrix solid-phase dispersion combined with GC-MS. In parallel, the impact of these molecules and the cosmetics in the human epithelial cell lines is investigated. The cytotoxic activity of cosmetic extracts is evaluated in vitro against B16 and Hep-2 human skin cell lines using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. This study shows that the tested cosmetic products could constitute a hazard to the consumer health and wellness and that strict safety analysis on cosmetic products needs to be carried out before they are marketed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Beltifa
- a Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied to Environmental -APAE UR17ES32 Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
- b Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques , Physiques et Naturelles Université Tunis ElManar , Tunis , Tunisia
| | - Afifa Belaid
- a Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied to Environmental -APAE UR17ES32 Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Vincenzo Lo Turco
- c Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche , Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali of the University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Monia Machreki
- a Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied to Environmental -APAE UR17ES32 Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Hedi Ben Mansour
- a Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied to Environmental -APAE UR17ES32 Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Giuseppa Di Bella
- c Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche , Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali of the University of Messina , Messina , Italy
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Di Bella G, Ben Mansour H, Ben Tekaya A, Beltifa A, Potortì AG, Saiya E, Bartolomeo G, Dugo G, Lo Turco V. Plasticizers and BPA Residues in Tunisian and Italian Culinary Herbs and Spices. J Food Sci 2018; 83:1769-1774. [PMID: 29786850 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, 18 plasticizers and residues in 10 different Tunisian and Italian culinary herbs and spices (black pepper, mint, caraway, coriander, oregano, rosemary, thyme, fennel, verbena, and laurel) were determined by GC/MS. Di-methylphthalate, di-(2-methylpropyl)adipate, di-n-butyladipate, di-propylphthalate, benzylbenzoate, di-phenylphthalate, and bisphenol A were lower than their LOQ in all 118 samples. Among the Tunisian samples, di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate was found in all types of samples and di-butylphthalate in 50% of types; all other phthalates were rarely dectected. Among the adipates, only di-methyladipate was found in 90% of types; di-ethyladipate was seldom found and di-(2-ethylhexyl)adipate only in samples of caraway. Di-(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalate was found in all types of samples; di-(2-ethylhexyl)sebacate was detected rarely but with high values. Among the Sicilian samples, di-ethylphthalate and di-(2-methylpropyl)phthalate were detected only in samples of mint; di-methyladipate, di-butylphthalate, and benzylbutylphthalate were identified in oregano and laurel; di-(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalate and di-(2-ethylhexyl)sebacate only in oregano. In any case, the results suggested that intake of these contaminants through spices and herbs is not a dangerous risk to the consumers. Probably, as already observed for the other food, these contaminants could result from pollution of the environment (air, water, and/or soil) and/or farming methods. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Plasticizers and BPA in Tunisian and Italian spices were determined by GC/MS. Tunisian spices seem to contain more residues than Italian samples. Intake of these contaminants by spices is not a dangerous risk to the consumers. These pollutants could result from environmental pollution or agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hedi Ben Mansour
- Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied to Environmental -APAE UR17ES32 Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia, Univ. of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Asma Ben Tekaya
- Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied to Environmental -APAE UR17ES32 Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia, Univ. of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Asma Beltifa
- Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied to Environmental -APAE UR17ES32 Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia, Univ. of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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Li H, Cao Z, Cao X, Jiang Z, Abd El-Aty AM, Qi Y, Shao H, Jin F, Zheng L, Wang J. Magnetic solid-phase extraction using a mixture of two types of nanoparticles followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of six phthalic acid esters in various water samples. RSC Adv 2018; 8:39641-39649. [PMID: 35558051 PMCID: PMC9090721 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08643e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A mixture of Fe3O4@MIL-100 and Fe3O4@SiO2@polythiophene nanoparticles exhibit high extraction efficiency for PAEs in water.
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Amelin VG, Lavrukhina OI. Food safety assurance using methods of chemical analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934817010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lo Turco V, Di Bella G, Potortì AG, Tropea A, Casale EK, Fede MR, Dugo G. Determination of plasticisers and BPA in Sicilian and Calabrian nectar honeys by selected ion monitoring GC/MS. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 33:1693-1699. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1239030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Lo Turco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Di Bella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Giorgia Potortì
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessia Tropea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Ermina Katia Casale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Fede
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Dugo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
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