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Alhassani G, Clothier PJ, Liston MB, Schabrun SM. Interhemispheric Inhibition Between Primary Motor Cortices is Not Altered in Individuals With Chronic Lateral Epicondylalgia. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2024; 25:284-292. [PMID: 37648043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Lateral epicondylalgia (LE), commonly referred to as tennis elbow, is a musculoskeletal condition characterized by pain and sensorimotor dysfunction. In some individuals with chronic unilateral LE, sensorimotor symptoms develop on the unaffected side despite no evidence of tissue damage. Altered interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) is one mechanism that could underpin this phenomenon. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine IHI between the primary motor cortices (M1) in individuals with chronic LE and healthy controls. In 20 individuals with chronic LE and 20 healthy participants, transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to assess 1) short and long-latency IHI from the affected (corresponding to the injured side) to the unaffected M1 and 2) corticomotor excitability of the affected and unaffected M1. Sensorimotor function was evaluated bilaterally at the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle using pressure pain threshold, grip strength, 2-point discrimination, and temporal summation tests. Short- and long-latency IHI from the affected to the unaffected M1 and corticomotor excitability of the affected and unaffected M1 were not altered in individuals with LE compared with healthy participants. No differences in sensorimotor function were observed for the affected or unaffected extensor carpi radialis brevis muscles when individuals with LE were compared with healthy participants. IHI is not altered in individuals with chronic LE. Further studies are required to determine the mechanisms that underpin the development of bilateral sensorimotor symptoms in unilateral LE. PERSPECTIVE: IHI is unaltered from the affected M1 (corresponding to the painful muscle) to unaffected M1 in individuals with LE compared to healthy controls. The absence of bilateral sensorimotor dysfunction and low pain severity in this cohort of individuals with LE may explain this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghufran Alhassani
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter J Clothier
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew B Liston
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Kings College, Strand, London, UK
| | - Siobhan M Schabrun
- School of Physical Therapy, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; The Gray Centre for Mobility and Activity, Parkwood Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Vucic S, Stanley Chen KH, Kiernan MC, Hallett M, Benninger DH, Di Lazzaro V, Rossini PM, Benussi A, Berardelli A, Currà A, Krieg SM, Lefaucheur JP, Long Lo Y, Macdonell RA, Massimini M, Rosanova M, Picht T, Stinear CM, Paulus W, Ugawa Y, Ziemann U, Chen R. Clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation in neurological disorders. Updated report of an IFCN committee. Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 150:131-175. [PMID: 37068329 PMCID: PMC10192339 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The review provides a comprehensive update (previous report: Chen R, Cros D, Curra A, Di Lazzaro V, Lefaucheur JP, Magistris MR, et al. The clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation: report of an IFCN committee. Clin Neurophysiol 2008;119(3):504-32) on clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in neurological diseases. Most TMS measures rely on stimulation of motor cortex and recording of motor evoked potentials. Paired-pulse TMS techniques, incorporating conventional amplitude-based and threshold tracking, have established clinical utility in neurodegenerative, movement, episodic (epilepsy, migraines), chronic pain and functional diseases. Cortical hyperexcitability has emerged as a diagnostic aid in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Single-pulse TMS measures are of utility in stroke, and myelopathy even in the absence of radiological changes. Short-latency afferent inhibition, related to central cholinergic transmission, is reduced in Alzheimer's disease. The triple stimulation technique (TST) may enhance diagnostic utility of conventional TMS measures to detect upper motor neuron involvement. The recording of motor evoked potentials can be used to perform functional mapping of the motor cortex or in preoperative assessment of eloquent brain regions before surgical resection of brain tumors. TMS exhibits utility in assessing lumbosacral/cervical nerve root function, especially in demyelinating neuropathies, and may be of utility in localizing the site of facial nerve palsies. TMS measures also have high sensitivity in detecting subclinical corticospinal lesions in multiple sclerosis. Abnormalities in central motor conduction time or TST correlate with motor impairment and disability in MS. Cerebellar stimulation may detect lesions in the cerebellum or cerebello-dentato-thalamo-motor cortical pathways. Combining TMS with electroencephalography, provides a novel method to measure parameters altered in neurological disorders, including cortical excitability, effective connectivity, and response complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Vucic
- Brain, Nerve Research Center, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Kai-Hsiang Stanley Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Matthew C Kiernan
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney; and Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Australia
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - David H Benninger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Switzerland
| | - Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo M Rossini
- Department of Neurosci & Neurorehab IRCCS San Raffaele-Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Benussi
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alfredo Berardelli
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli; Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Currà
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Alfredo Fiorini Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Terracina, LT, Italy
| | - Sandro M Krieg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Technical University Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, EA4391, ENT, Créteil, France; Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Henri Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Yew Long Lo
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, and Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | | | - Marcello Massimini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Rosanova
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Thomas Picht
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Cluster of Excellence: "Matters of Activity. Image Space Material," Humboldt University, Berlin Simulation and Training Center (BeST), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Cathy M Stinear
- Department of Medicine Waipapa Taumata Rau, University of Auckland, Auckland, Aotearoa, New Zealand
| | - Walter Paulus
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Yoshikazu Ugawa
- Department of Human Neurophysiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
| | - Ulf Ziemann
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany; Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Chen
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital-UHN, Division of Neurology-University of Toronto, Toronto Canada
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3
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Recovery of Patients With Upper Limb Paralysis Due to Stroke Who Underwent Intervention Using Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined With Occupational Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Neuromodulation 2023:S1094-7159(23)00104-6. [PMID: 36932028 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The combination of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and motor practice is based on the theory of neuromodulation and use-dependent plasticity. Predictive planning of occupational therapy (OT) is important for patients with rTMS conditioning. Recovery characteristics based on the severity of pretreatment upper extremity paralysis can guide the patient's practice plan for using the paretic hand. Therefore, we evaluated the recovery of patients with upper limb paralysis due to stroke who underwent a novel intervention of rTMS combined with OT (NEURO) according to the severity of upper limb paralysis based on the scores of the Fugl-Meyer assessment for upper extremity (FMA-UE) with recovery in proximal upper extremity, wrist, hand, and coordination. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, the recovery of 1397 patients with upper limb paralysis was analyzed by severity at six hospitals that were accredited by the Japanese Stimulation Therapy Society for treatment. The delta values of the FMA-UE scores before and after NEURO were compared among the groups with severe, moderate, and mild paralysis using the generalized linear model. RESULTS NEURO significantly improved the FMA-UE total score according to the severity of paralysis (severe = 5.3, moderate = 6.0, and mild = 2.9). However, when the FMA-UE subscores were analyzed separately, the results indicated specific improvements in shoulder/elbow, wrist, fingers, and coordination movements, depending on the severity. CONCLUSIONS This study had enough patients who were divided according to severity and stratified by lesion location and handedness parameters. Our results suggest that independently of these factors, the extent of recovery of upper limb motor parts after NEURO varies according to the severity of paralysis.
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Van Malderen S, Hehl M, Verstraelen S, Swinnen SP, Cuypers K. Dual-site TMS as a tool to probe effective interactions within the motor network: a review. Rev Neurosci 2023; 34:129-221. [PMID: 36065080 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation (ds-TMS) is well suited to investigate the causal effect of distant brain regions on the primary motor cortex, both at rest and during motor performance and learning. However, given the broad set of stimulation parameters, clarity about which parameters are most effective for identifying particular interactions is lacking. Here, evidence describing inter- and intra-hemispheric interactions during rest and in the context of motor tasks is reviewed. Our aims are threefold: (1) provide a detailed overview of ds-TMS literature regarding inter- and intra-hemispheric connectivity; (2) describe the applicability and contributions of these interactions to motor control, and; (3) discuss the practical implications and future directions. Of the 3659 studies screened, 109 were included and discussed. Overall, there is remarkable variability in the experimental context for assessing ds-TMS interactions, as well as in the use and reporting of stimulation parameters, hindering a quantitative comparison of results across studies. Further studies examining ds-TMS interactions in a systematic manner, and in which all critical parameters are carefully reported, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanti Van Malderen
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Heverlee 3001, Belgium.,Neuroplasticity and Movement Control Research Group, Rehabilitation Research Institute (REVAL), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek 3590, Belgium
| | - Melina Hehl
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Heverlee 3001, Belgium.,Neuroplasticity and Movement Control Research Group, Rehabilitation Research Institute (REVAL), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek 3590, Belgium
| | - Stefanie Verstraelen
- Neuroplasticity and Movement Control Research Group, Rehabilitation Research Institute (REVAL), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek 3590, Belgium
| | - Stephan P Swinnen
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Heverlee 3001, Belgium.,KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Cuypers
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Heverlee 3001, Belgium.,Neuroplasticity and Movement Control Research Group, Rehabilitation Research Institute (REVAL), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek 3590, Belgium
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5
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Silvennoinen K, Säisänen L, Hyppönen J, Rissanen SM, Karjalainen PA, D'Ambrosio S, Jimenez‐Jimenez D, Zagaglia S, Rothwell JC, Balestrini S, Sisodiya SM, Julkunen P, Mervaala E, Kälviäinen R. Short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition in EPM1 is related to genotype. Epilepsia 2023; 64:208-217. [PMID: 36398398 PMCID: PMC10107775 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 1 (EPM1) is caused by biallelic alterations in the CSTB gene, most commonly dodecamer repeat expansions. Although transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-induced long-interval intracortical inhibition (LICI) was previously reported to be normal in EPM1, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) was reduced. We explored the association between these measures and the clinical and genetic features in a separate group of patients with EPM1. METHODS TMS combined with electromyography was performed under neuronavigation. LICI was induced with an inter-stimulus interval (ISI) of 100 ms, and SICI with ISIs of 2 and 3 ms, and their means (mSICIs) were expressed as the ratio of conditioned to unconditioned stimuli. LICI and mSICI were compared between patients and controls. Nonparametric correlation was used to study the association between inhibition and parameters of clinical severity, including the Unified Myoclonus Rating Scale (UMRS); among patients with EPM1 due to biallelic expansion repeats, also the association with the number of repeats was assessed. RESULTS The study protocol was completed in 19 patients (15 with biallelic expansion repeats and 4 compound heterozygotes), and 7 healthy, age- and sex-matched control participants. Compared to controls, patients demonstrated significantly less SICI (median mSICI ratio 1.18 vs 0.38; p < .001). Neither LICI nor SICI was associated with parameters of clinical severity. In participants with biallelic repeat expansions, the number of repeats in the more affected allele (greater repeat number [GRN]) correlated with LICI (rho = 0.872; p < .001) and SICI (rho = 0.689; p = .006). SIGNIFICANCE Our results strengthen the finding of deranged γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic inhibition in EPM1. LICI and SICI may have use as markers of GABAergic impairment in future trials of disease-modifying treatment in this condition. Whether a higher number of expansion repeats leads to greater GABAergic impairment warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katri Silvennoinen
- Kuopio Epilepsy Center, NeurocenterMember of ERN EpiCARE, Kuopio University HospitalKuopioFinland
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- Chalfont Centre for EpilepsyUK
| | - Laura Säisänen
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio Epilepsy Center, NeurocenterMember of ERN EpiCARE, Kuopio University HospitalKuopioFinland
- Department of Applied PhysicsUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Jelena Hyppönen
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio Epilepsy Center, NeurocenterMember of ERN EpiCARE, Kuopio University HospitalKuopioFinland
| | - Saara M. Rissanen
- Department of Applied PhysicsUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | | | - Sasha D'Ambrosio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche "L. Sacco"Università degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Diego Jimenez‐Jimenez
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
| | - Sara Zagaglia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
| | - John C. Rothwell
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement DisordersUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
| | - Simona Balestrini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- Chalfont Centre for EpilepsyUK
- Neuroscience DepartmentMember of ERN EpiCARE, Meyer Children HospitalFlorenceItaly
| | - Sanjay M. Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- Chalfont Centre for EpilepsyUK
| | - Petro Julkunen
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio Epilepsy Center, NeurocenterMember of ERN EpiCARE, Kuopio University HospitalKuopioFinland
- Department of Applied PhysicsUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Esa Mervaala
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio Epilepsy Center, NeurocenterMember of ERN EpiCARE, Kuopio University HospitalKuopioFinland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Reetta Kälviäinen
- Kuopio Epilepsy Center, NeurocenterMember of ERN EpiCARE, Kuopio University HospitalKuopioFinland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
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Shirahige L, Leimig B, Baltar A, Bezerra A, de Brito CVF, do Nascimento YSO, Gomes JC, Teo WP, Dos Santos WP, Cairrão M, Fonseca A, Monte-Silva K. Classification of Parkinson's disease motor phenotype: a machine learning approach. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2022; 129:1447-1461. [PMID: 36335541 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-022-02552-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To assess the cortical activity in people with Parkinson's disease (PwP) with different motor phenotype (tremor-dominant-TD and postural instability and gait difficulty-PIGD) and to compare with controls. Twenty-four PwP (during OFF and ON medication) and twelve age-/sex-/handedness-matched healthy controls underwent electrophysiological assessment of spectral ratio analysis through electroencephalography (EEG) at resting state and during the hand movement. We performed a machine learning method with 35 attributes extracted from EEG. To verify the efficiency of the proposed phenotype-based EEG classification the random forest and random tree were tested (performed 30 times, using a tenfolds cross validation in Weka environment). The analyses based on phenotypes indicated a slowing down of cortical activity during OFF medication state in PwP. PD with TD phenotype presented this characteristic at resting and the individuals with PIGD presented during the hand movement. During the ON state, there is no difference between phenotypes at resting nor during the hand movement. PD phenotypes may influence spectral activity measured by EEG. Random forest machine learning provides a slightly more accurate, sensible and specific approach to distinguish different PD phenotypes. The phenotype of PD might be a clinical characteristic that could influence cortical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Shirahige
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, w/n Jornalista Aníbal Fernandes Avenue, Recife, PE, 50740-560, Brazil.,Post-graduation Program of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Brenda Leimig
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, w/n Jornalista Aníbal Fernandes Avenue, Recife, PE, 50740-560, Brazil
| | - Adriana Baltar
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, w/n Jornalista Aníbal Fernandes Avenue, Recife, PE, 50740-560, Brazil.,Post-graduation Program of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Amanda Bezerra
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, w/n Jornalista Aníbal Fernandes Avenue, Recife, PE, 50740-560, Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliana Carneiro Gomes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Wei-Peng Teo
- Physical Education and Sports Science Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Marcelo Cairrão
- Neurodynamics Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - André Fonseca
- Center of Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kátia Monte-Silva
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, w/n Jornalista Aníbal Fernandes Avenue, Recife, PE, 50740-560, Brazil.
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7
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Compton CT, Lockyer EJ, Benson RJ, Power KE. Interhemispheric inhibition is different during arm cycling than a position- and intensity-matched tonic contraction. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:2425-2434. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06413-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Gerges AN, Hordacre B, Pietro FD, Moseley GL, Berryman C. Do Adults with Stroke have Altered Interhemispheric Inhibition? A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Helling RM, Shmuely S, Bauer PR, Tolner EA, Visser GH, Thijs RD. Tracking cortical excitability dynamics with transcranial magnetic stimulation in focal epilepsy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:540-551. [PMID: 35297209 PMCID: PMC8994988 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The lack of reliable biomarkers constrain epilepsy management. We assessed the potential of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation with electromyography (TMS-EMG) to track dynamical changes in cortical excitability on a within-subject basis. METHODS We recruited people with refractory focal epilepsy who underwent video-EEG monitoring and drug tapering as part of the presurgical evaluation. We performed daily TMS-EMG measurements with additional postictal assessments 1-6 h following seizures to assess resting motor threshold (rMT), and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) with single- and paired-pulse protocols. Anti-seizure medication (ASM) regimens were recorded for the day before each measurement and expressed in proportion to the dosage before tapering. Additional measurements were performed in healthy controls to evaluate day-to-day rMT variability. RESULTS We performed 77 (58 baseline, 19 postictal) measurements in 16 people with focal epilepsy and 35 in seven healthy controls. Controls showed minimal day-to-day rMT variation. Withdrawal of ASMs was associated with a lower rMT without affecting MEPs of single- and paired-pulse TMS-EMG paradigms. Postictal measurements following focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures demonstrated unaltered rMT and increased short interval intracortical inhibition, while measurements following focal seizures with impaired awareness showed decreased rMT's and reduced short and long interval intracortical inhibition. CONCLUSION Serial within-subject rMT measurements yielded reproducible, stable results in healthy controls. ASM tapering and seizures had distinct effects on TMS-EMG excitability indices in people with epilepsy. Drug tapering decreased rMT, indicating increased overall corticospinal excitability, whereas seizures affected intracortical inhibition with contrasting effects between seizure types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Helling
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands
| | - Sharon Shmuely
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands.,NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Prisca R Bauer
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Germany
| | - Else A Tolner
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerhard H Visser
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands
| | - Roland D Thijs
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands.,NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK.,Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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10
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Impact of interhemispheric inhibition on bimanual movement control in young and old. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:687-701. [PMID: 35020040 PMCID: PMC8858275 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-021-06258-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Interhemispheric interactions demonstrate a crucial role for directing bimanual movement control. In humans, a well-established paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation paradigm enables to assess these interactions by means of interhemispheric inhibition (IHI). Previous studies have examined changes in IHI from the active to the resting primary motor cortex during unilateral muscle contractions; however, behavioral relevance of such changes is still inconclusive. In the present study, we evaluated two bimanual tasks, i.e., mirror activity and bimanual anti-phase tapping, to examine behavioral relevance of IHI for bimanual movement control within this behavioral framework. Two age groups (young and older) were evaluated as bimanual movement control demonstrates evident behavioral decline in older adults. Two types of IHI with differential underlying mechanisms were measured; IHI was tested at rest and during a motor task from the active to the resting primary motor cortex. Results demonstrate an association between behavior and short-latency IHI in the young group: larger short-latency IHI correlated with better bimanual movement control (i.e., less mirror activity and better bimanual anti-phase tapping). These results support the view that short-latency IHI represents a neurophysiological marker for the ability to suppress activity of the contralateral side, likely contributing to efficient bimanual movement control. This association was not observed in the older group, suggesting age-related functional changes of IHI. To determine underlying mechanisms of impaired bimanual movement control due to neurological disorders, it is crucial to have an in-depth understanding of age-related mechanisms to disentangle disorder-related mechanisms of impaired bimanual movement control from age-related ones.
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Dubbioso R, Pellegrino G, Ranieri F, Di Pino G, Capone F, Dileone M, Iodice R, Ruggiero L, Tozza S, Uncini A, Manganelli F, Di Lazzaro V. BDNF polymorphism and inter hemispheric balance of motor cortex excitability: a preliminary study. J Neurophysiol 2021; 127:204-212. [PMID: 34936818 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00268.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical studies have demonstrated that Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) plays a crucial role in the homeostatic regulation of cortical excitability and excitation/inhibition balance. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) techniques we investigated whether BDNF polymorphism could influence cortical excitability of the left and right primary motor cortex in healthy humans. Twenty-nine participants were recruited and genotyped for the presence of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism, namely homozygous for the valine allele (Val/Val), heterozygotes (Val/Met), and homozygous for the methionine allele (Met/Met). Blinded to the latter, we evaluated inhibitory and facilitatory circuits of the left (LH) and right motor cortex (RH) by measuring resting (RMT) and active motor threshold (AMT), short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF). For each neurophysiological metric we also considered the inter-hemispheric balance expressed by the Laterality Index (LI). Val/Val participants (n= 21) exhibited an overall higher excitability of the LH compared to the RH, as probed by lower motor thresholds, lower SICI and higher ICF. Val/Val participants displayed positive LI, especially for AMT and ICF (all p< 0.05), indicating higher LH excitability and more pronounced inter-hemispheric excitability imbalance as compared to Met carriers. Our preliminary results suggest that BDNF Val66Met polymorphism might influence interhemispheric balance of motor cortex excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Dubbioso
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pellegrino
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Federico Ranieri
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Pino
- Research Unit of Neurophysiology and Neuroengineering of Human-Technology Interaction (NeXTlab), Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Fioravante Capone
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Dileone
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla La Mancha, Talavera de la Reina, Spain
| | - Rosa Iodice
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Ruggiero
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Tozza
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonino Uncini
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Fiore Manganelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
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12
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Tisseyre J, Amarantini D, Tallet J. Behavioural and cerebral asymmetries of mirror movements are specific to rhythmic task and related to higher attentional and executive control. Behav Brain Res 2021; 412:113429. [PMID: 34175358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mirror movements (MM) refer to the involuntary movements or contractions occurring in homologous muscles contralateral to the unilateral voluntary movements. This behavioural manifestation increases in elderly. In right-handed adults, some studies report asymmetry in MM production, with greater MM in the right dominant hand during voluntary movements of the left non-dominant hand than the opposite. However, other studies report contradictory results, suggesting that MM asymmetry could depend on the characteristics of the task. The present study investigates the behavioural asymmetry of MM and its associated cerebral correlates during a rhythmic task and a non-rhythmic task using low-force contractions (i.e., 25 % MVC). We determined the quantity and the intensity of MM using electromyography (EMG) and cerebral correlates through electroencephalography (EEG) in right-handed healthy young and middle-aged adults during unimanual rhythmic vs. non-rhythmic tasks. Overall, results revealed (1) behavioural asymmetry of MM specific to the rhythmic task and irrespective of age, (2) cerebral asymmetry of motor activations specific to the rhythmic task and irrespective of age and (3) greater attentional and executive activations in the rhythmic task compared to the non-rhythmic task. In line with our hypotheses, behavioural and cerebral motor asymmetries of MM seem to be specific to the rhythmic task. Results are discussed in terms of cognitive-motor interactions: greater attentional and executive control required in the rhythmic tasks could contribute to the increased occurrence of involuntary movements in both young and middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Tisseyre
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - David Amarantini
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jessica Tallet
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
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13
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Transcranial static magnetic stimulation over the motor cortex can facilitate the contralateral cortical excitability in human. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5370. [PMID: 33686102 PMCID: PMC7940605 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84823-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial static magnetic stimulation (tSMS) has been focused as a new non-invasive brain stimulation, which can suppress the human cortical excitability just below the magnet. However, the non-regional effects of tSMS via brain network have been rarely studied so far. We investigated whether tSMS over the left primary motor cortex (M1) can facilitate the right M1 in healthy subjects, based on the hypothesis that the functional suppression of M1 can cause the paradoxical functional facilitation of the contralateral M1 via the reduction of interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) between the bilateral M1. This study was double-blind crossover trial. We measured the corticospinal excitability in both M1 and IHI from the left to right M1 by recording motor evoked potentials from first dorsal interosseous muscles using single-pulse and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation before and after the tSMS intervention for 30 min. We found that the corticospinal excitability of the left M1 decreased, while that of the right M1 increased after tSMS. Moreover, the evaluation of IHI revealed the reduced inhibition from the left to the right M1. Our findings provide new insights on the mechanistic understanding of neuromodulatory effects of tSMS in human.
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14
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Ammann C, Dileone M, Pagge C, Catanzaro V, Mata-Marín D, Hernández-Fernández F, Monje MHG, Sánchez-Ferro Á, Fernández-Rodríguez B, Gasca-Salas C, Máñez-Miró JU, Martínez-Fernández R, Vela-Desojo L, Alonso-Frech F, Oliviero A, Obeso JA, Foffani G. Cortical disinhibition in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2021; 143:3408-3421. [PMID: 33141146 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease, striatal dopamine depletion produces profound alterations in the neural activity of the cortico-basal ganglia motor loop, leading to dysfunctional motor output and parkinsonism. A key regulator of motor output is the balance between excitation and inhibition in the primary motor cortex, which can be assessed in humans with transcranial magnetic stimulation techniques. Despite decades of research, the functional state of cortical inhibition in Parkinson's disease remains uncertain. Towards resolving this issue, we applied paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation protocols in 166 patients with Parkinson's disease (57 levodopa-naïve, 50 non-dyskinetic, 59 dyskinetic) and 40 healthy controls (age-matched with the levodopa-naïve group). All patients were studied OFF medication. All analyses were performed with fully automatic procedures to avoid confirmation bias, and we systematically considered and excluded several potential confounding factors such as age, gender, resting motor threshold, EMG background activity and amplitude of the motor evoked potential elicited by the single-pulse test stimuli. Our results show that short-interval intracortical inhibition is decreased in Parkinson's disease compared to controls. This reduction of intracortical inhibition was obtained with relatively low-intensity conditioning stimuli (80% of the resting motor threshold) and was not associated with any significant increase in short-interval intracortical facilitation or intracortical facilitation with the same low-intensity conditioning stimuli, supporting the involvement of cortical inhibitory circuits. Short-interval intracortical inhibition was similarly reduced in levodopa-naïve, non-dyskinetic and dyskinetic patients. Importantly, intracortical inhibition was reduced compared to control subjects also on the less affected side (n = 145), even in de novo drug-naïve patients in whom the less affected side was minimally symptomatic (lateralized Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III = 0 or 1, n = 23). These results suggest that cortical disinhibition is a very early, possibly prodromal feature of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ammann
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michele Dileone
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Pagge
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentina Catanzaro
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Mata-Marín
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Frida Hernández-Fernández
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.,Universidad Europea de Madrid, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariana H G Monje
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sánchez-Ferro
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Gasca-Salas
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge U Máñez-Miró
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul Martínez-Fernández
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lydia Vela-Desojo
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Alonso-Frech
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José A Obeso
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guglielmo Foffani
- CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
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15
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Filippini T, Fiore M, Tesauro M, Malagoli C, Consonni M, Violi F, Arcolin E, Iacuzio L, Oliveri Conti G, Cristaldi A, Zuccarello P, Zucchi E, Mazzini L, Pisano F, Gagliardi I, Patti F, Mandrioli J, Ferrante M, Vinceti M. Clinical and Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Population-Based Case-Control Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030857. [PMID: 32019087 PMCID: PMC7037077 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disease of the motor neurons. The etiology of ALS remains largely unknown, particularly with reference to the potential environmental determinants. Methods: We performed a population-based case-control study in four provinces from both Northern and Southern Italy in order to assess non-genetic ALS risk factors by collecting through tailored questionnaires information about clinical and lifestyle factors. We estimated ALS risk by calculating odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) using unconditional logistic regression models adjusted for sex, age and educational attainment. Results: We recruited 230 participants (95 cases and 135 controls). We found a possible positive association of ALS risk with trauma, particularly head trauma (OR = 2.61, 95% CI 1.19–5.72), electric shock (OR = 2.09, 95% CI 0.62–7.06), and some sports, although at a competitive level only. In addition, our results suggest an increased risk for subjects reporting use of private wells for drinking water (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 0.73–2.27) and for use of herbicides during gardening (OR = 1.95, 95% CI 0.88–2.27). Conversely, there was a suggestion of an inverse association with overall fish consumption (OR = 0.27, 95% CI 0.12–0.60), but with no dose-response relation. Consumption of some dietary supplements, namely those containing amino acids and, in the Southern Italy population, vitamins and minerals such as selenium, seemed associated with a statistically imprecise increased risk. Conclusions: Our results suggest a potential etiologic role a number of clinical and lifestyle factors with ALS risk. However, caution is needed due to some study limitations. These include the small sample size and the low number of exposed subjects, which affect statistical precision of risk estimates, the potential for exposure misclassification, and the uncertainties about mechanisms underpinning the possible association between these factors and disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Fiore
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Marina Tesauro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Carlotta Malagoli
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
| | - Michela Consonni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Federica Violi
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisa Arcolin
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
| | - Laura Iacuzio
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
- Department of Public Health, Local Health Unit, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Gea Oliveri Conti
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Antonio Cristaldi
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Pietro Zuccarello
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Elisabetta Zucchi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- ALS Centre Department of Neurology, ‘Maggiore della Carità’ University Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; (L.M.); (I.G.)
| | - Fabrizio Pisano
- Neurological Rehabilitation Division, Policlinico San Marco di Zingonia, 24046 Zingonia (BG), Italy;
| | - Ileana Gagliardi
- ALS Centre Department of Neurology, ‘Maggiore della Carità’ University Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; (L.M.); (I.G.)
| | - Francesco Patti
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, S. Agostino Estense Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, 41126 Modena, Italy;
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Correspondence:
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16
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Cuypers K, Verstraelen S, Maes C, Hermans L, Hehl M, Heise KF, Chalavi S, Mikkelsen M, Edden R, Levin O, Sunaert S, Meesen R, Mantini D, Swinnen SP. Task-related measures of short-interval intracortical inhibition and GABA levels in healthy young and older adults: A multimodal TMS-MRS study. Neuroimage 2019; 208:116470. [PMID: 31863914 PMCID: PMC9652063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Establishing the associations between magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)-assessed gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-derived ‘task-related’ modulations in GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition and how these associations change with advancing age is a topic of interest in the field of human neuroscience. In this study, we identified the relationship between GABA levels and task-related modulations in GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition in the dominant (left) and non-dominant (right) sensorimotor (SM) cortices. GABA levels were measured using edited MRS and task-related GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition was measured using a short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) TMS protocol during the preparation and premotor period of a choice reaction time (CRT) task in 25 young (aged 18–33 years) and 25 older (aged 60–74 years) adults. Our results demonstrated that GABA levels in both SM voxels were lower in older adults as compared to younger adults; and higher SM GABA levels in the dominant as compared to the non-dominant SM voxel pointed to a lateralization effect, irrespective of age group. Furthermore, older adults showed decreased GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition in the preparation phase of the CRT task within the dominant primary motor cortex (M1), as compared to young adults. Finally, results from an exploratory correlation analysis pointed towards positive relationships between MRS-assessed GABA levels and TMS-derived task-related SICI measures. However, after correction for multiple comparisons none of the correlations remained significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Cuypers
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium; REVAL Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Building A, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - S Verstraelen
- REVAL Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Building A, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - C Maes
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - L Hermans
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - M Hehl
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - K-F Heise
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - S Chalavi
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - M Mikkelsen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - O Levin
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - S Sunaert
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Gasthuisberg, UZ, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Meesen
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium; REVAL Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Building A, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - D Mantini
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium; Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - S P Swinnen
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium; KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium
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17
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Chagas AP, Monteiro M, Mazer V, Baltar A, Marques D, Carneiro M, Rodrigues de Araújo MDG, Piscitelli D, Monte-Silva K. Cortical excitability variability: Insights into biological and behavioral characteristics of healthy individuals. J Neurol Sci 2018; 390:172-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Liao WW, Whitall J, Barton JE, McCombe Waller S. Neural motor control differs between bimanual common-goal vs. bimanual dual-goal tasks. Exp Brain Res 2018; 236:1789-1800. [PMID: 29663024 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-018-5261-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Coordinating bimanual movements is essential for everyday activities. Two common types of bimanual tasks are common goal, where two arms share a united goal, and dual goal, which involves independent goals for each arm. Here, we examine how the neural control mechanisms differ between these two types of bimanual tasks. Ten non-disabled individuals performed isometric force tasks of the elbow at 10% of their maximal voluntary force in both bimanual common and dual goals as well as unimanual conditions. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation, we concurrently examined the intracortical inhibitory modulation (short-interval intracortical inhibition, SICI) as well as the interlimb coordination strategies utilized between common- vs. dual-goal tasks. Results showed a reduction of SICI in both hemispheres during dual-goal compared to common-goal tasks (dominant hemisphere: P = 0.04, non-dominant hemisphere: P = 0.03) and unimanual tasks (dominant hemisphere: P = 0.001, non-dominant hemisphere: P = 0.001). For the common-goal task, a reduction of SICI was only seen in the dominant hemisphere compared to unimanual tasks (P = 0.03). Behaviorally, two interlimb coordination patterns were identified. For the common-goal task, both arms were organized into a cooperative "give and take" movement pattern. Control of the non-dominant arm affected stabilization of bimanual force (R2 = 0.74, P = 0.001). In contrast, for the dual-goal task, both arms were coupled together in a positive fashion and neither arm affected stabilization of bimanual force (R2 = 0.31, P = 0.1). The finding that intracortical inhibition and interlimb coordination patterns were different based on the goal conceptualization of bimanual tasks has implications for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Wen Liao
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, 100 Penn Street, Allied Health Building, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jill Whitall
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, 100 Penn Street, Allied Health Building, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Joseph E Barton
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, 100 Penn Street, Allied Health Building, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sandy McCombe Waller
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, 100 Penn Street, Allied Health Building, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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19
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He JL, Fuelscher I, Enticott PG, Teo WP, Barhoun P, Hyde C. Interhemispheric Cortical Inhibition Is Reduced in Young Adults With Developmental Coordination Disorder. Front Neurol 2018; 9:179. [PMID: 29628909 PMCID: PMC5876243 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction While the etiology of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is yet to be established, brain-behavior modeling provides a cogent argument that neuropathology may subserve the motor difficulties typical of DCD. We argue that a number of the core behavioral features of the DCD profile (such as poor surround inhibition, compromised motor inhibition, and the presence of mirror movements) are consistent with difficulties regulating inhibition within the primary motor cortex (M1). This study aimed to be the first account of the integrity of cortical inhibition in motor cortices in DCD. Method The sample consisted of eight adults with DCD aged (18–30 years) and 10 aged matched neurotypical controls. Participants received a common battery of single and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation from which a series of neurophysiological measures classically used to measure intra- [e.g., short-interval cortical inhibition (SICI), long-interval cortical inhibition (LICI), and cortical silent period] and inter hemispheric [e.g., ipsilateral silent period (ISP)] cortical inhibition of the M1 at rest were recorded. Results While no group differences were observed for any measure of intrahemispheric cortical inhibition, individuals with DCD demonstrated significantly reduced interhemispheric cortical inhibition relative to controls, shown by consistently lower ISPratios. Conclusion Our findings are consistent with the view that regulation of cortical inhibition of M1 activity may be atypical in individuals with DCD, indicating differential GABAergic operation. This effect, however, appears to be select to cortical inhibition. Importantly, our data support the notion that reduced interhemispheric M1 cortical inhibition may at least partly explain commonly reported difficulties with bimanual motor control in DCD. The neurochemical implications and limitations of this evidence will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason L He
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Ian Fuelscher
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter G Enticott
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Wei-Peng Teo
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Pamela Barhoun
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Christian Hyde
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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20
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Mondini V, Mangia AL, Cappello A. Single-session tDCS over the dominant hemisphere affects contralateral spectral EEG power, but does not enhance neurofeedback-guided event-related desynchronization of the non-dominant hemisphere's sensorimotor rhythm. PLoS One 2018. [PMID: 29513682 PMCID: PMC5841755 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and neurofeedback-guided motor imagery (MI) have attracted considerable interest in neurorehabilitation, given their ability to influence neuroplasticity. As tDCS has been shown to modulate event-related desynchronization (ERD), the neural signature of motor imagery detected for neurofeedback, a combination of the techniques was recently proposed. One limitation of this approach is that the area targeted for stimulation is the same from which the signal for neurofeedback is acquired. As tDCS may interfere with proximal electroencephalographic (EEG) electrodes, in this study our aim was to test whether contralateral tDCS could have interhemispheric effects on the spectral power of the unstimulated hemisphere, possibly mediated by transcallosal connection, and whether such effects could be used to enhance ERD magnitudes. A contralateral stimulation approach would indeed facilitate co-registration, as the stimulation electrode would be far from the recording sites. METHODS Twenty right-handed healthy volunteers (aged 21 to 32) participated in the study: ten assigned to cathodal, ten to anodal versus sham stimulation. We applied stimulation over the dominant (left) hemisphere, and assessed ERD and spectral power over the non-dominant (right) hemisphere. The effect of tDCS was evaluated over time. Spectral power was assessed in theta, alpha and beta bands, under both rest and MI conditions, while ERD was evaluated in alpha and beta bands. RESULTS Two main findings emerged: (1) contralateral alpha-ERD was reduced after anodal (p = 0.0147), but not enhanced after cathodal tDCS; (2) both stimulations had remote effects on the spectral power of the contralateral hemisphere, particularly in theta and alpha (significant differences in the topographical t-value maps). CONCLUSION The absence of contralateral cathodal ERD enhancement suggests that the protocol is not applicable in the context of MI training. Nevertheless, ERD results of anodal and spectral power results of both stimulations complement recent findings on the distant tDCS effects between functionally related areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Mondini
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Lisa Mangia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Angelo Cappello
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
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21
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Ciechanski P, Zewdie E, Kirton A. Developmental profile of motor cortex transcallosal inhibition in children and adolescents. J Neurophysiol 2017; 118:140-148. [PMID: 28381485 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00076.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcallosal fibers facilitate interhemispheric networks involved in motor tasks. Despite their clinical relevance, interhemispheric motor control systems have not been completely defined in the developing brain. The objective of this study was to examine the developmental profile of transcallosal inhibition in healthy children and adolescents. Nineteen typically developing right-handed participants were recruited. Two transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) paradigms assessed transcallosal inhibition: ipsilateral silent periods (iSP) and paired-pulse interhemispheric inhibition (IHI). TMS was applied to the motor hotspot of the first dorsal interosseous muscle. Resting motor threshold (RMT), iSP latency, duration and suppression strength, and paired-pulse IHI were measured from both hemispheres. The Purdue Pegboard Test assessed unimanual motor function. Hemispheric differences were evident for RMT and iSP latency and suppression strength, where the left hemisphere had a lower RMT, prolonged latency, and greater suppression strength. iSP duration showed hemispheric symmetry. RMT and iSP latency decreased with age, whereas iSP suppression strength increased. Girls showed shorter iSP latency. Children typically displayed IHI, although hemispheric differences were observed. iSP suppression strength was uniquely associated with IHI within individuals. iSP duration correlated with motor performance. TMS can characterize transcallosal inhibition in normal children and adolescents with effects of age, directionality, sex, and motor performance. Establishing this developmental profile of interhemispheric interactions may advance understanding and therapeutic strategies for pediatric motor disorders such as cerebral palsy.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here we demonstrate that transcranial magnetic stimulation can characterize transcallosal inhibition in normal children and adolescents with effects of age, directionality, handedness, and motor performance. Interestingly, we also demonstrated sex effects, possibly related to the differing developmental profiles of boys and girls. Establishing this developmental profile of interhemispheric interactions may advance understanding and therapeutic strategies for pediatric motor disorders such as cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Ciechanski
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and
| | - Ephrem Zewdie
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and
| | - Adam Kirton
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and .,Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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22
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Hiraoka K, Igawa K, Kashiwagi M, Nakahara C, Oshima Y, Takakura Y. The laterality of stop and go processes of the motor response in left-handed and right-handed individuals. Laterality 2017; 23:51-66. [PMID: 28378624 DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2017.1311906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate whether the stop and go processes of the motor response are asymmetrical and whether the asymmetries are dependent on handedness and the response selection process that is engaged. Both right-handed and left-handed participants abducted either the left or right index finger in response to an imperative cue in the choice reaction time (choice RT) or the simple RT task. A stop cue was presented after the imperative cue with a probability of .25. When the stop cue was presented, the participants withheld the prepared response. On the choice RT task, left-handed participants had significantly shorter RT and stop signal reaction time (SSRT) with the left versus the right hand, whereas right-handers showed no difference between hands on either measure. In the simple RT task, the RT and SSRT were not significantly different between the groups or the response sides. These results indicate that both the stop and go processes of the prepared left-hand response are completed earlier than those of the right-hand response in left-handed individuals when the stimulus-response process involves a response selection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Hiraoka
- a College of Health and Human Sciences , Osaka Prefecture University , Habikino , Japan
| | - Kyudo Igawa
- a College of Health and Human Sciences , Osaka Prefecture University , Habikino , Japan
| | - Mina Kashiwagi
- a College of Health and Human Sciences , Osaka Prefecture University , Habikino , Japan
| | - Chisato Nakahara
- a College of Health and Human Sciences , Osaka Prefecture University , Habikino , Japan
| | - Yuki Oshima
- a College of Health and Human Sciences , Osaka Prefecture University , Habikino , Japan
| | - Yu Takakura
- a College of Health and Human Sciences , Osaka Prefecture University , Habikino , Japan
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23
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Grothe M, Doppl K, Roth C, Roschka S, Platz T, Lotze M. Changes in motor cortex excitability for the trained and non-trained hand after long-term unilateral motor training. Neurosci Lett 2017; 647:117-121. [PMID: 28330717 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive unilateral upper limb motor training does not only affect behavior but also increases excitability of the contralateral primary motor cortex (M1). The behavioral gain is partially transferred to the non-trained side. Changes in M1 intracortical facilitation (ICF) might as well be observed for both hand sides. We measured ICF of both left and right abductor pollicis brevis muscles (APB) before and after a two-week period of arm ability training (AAT) of the left hand in 13 strongly right handed healthy volunteers. Performance with AAT-tasks improved for both the left trained and right untrained hand. ICF for the untrained hand decreased over training while it remained unchanged for the left trained hand. Decrease of ICF for the right hand was moderately associated with an increase of AAT-performance for the untrained right hand. We conclude that ICF-imbalance between dominant and non-dominant hand is sensitive to long-term motor training: training of the non-dominant hand results in a decrease of ICF of the dominant hand. The ICF-decrease is associated with a transfer of training-induced improvement of performance from the non-dominant to the dominant hand.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karla Doppl
- Functional Imaging Unit, Center for Diagnostic Radiology, University of Greifswald, Germany
| | - Charlotte Roth
- Functional Imaging Unit, Center for Diagnostic Radiology, University of Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sybille Roschka
- BDH-Klinik Greifswald, Neurorehabilitation Centre and Spinal Cord Injury Unit, University of Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Platz
- BDH-Klinik Greifswald, Neurorehabilitation Centre and Spinal Cord Injury Unit, University of Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Lotze
- Functional Imaging Unit, Center for Diagnostic Radiology, University of Greifswald, Germany.
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24
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Shibuya K, Park SB, Howells J, Huynh W, Noto YI, Shahrizaila N, Matamala JM, Vucic S, Kiernan MC. Laterality of motor cortical function measured by transcranial magnetic stimulation threshold tracking. Muscle Nerve 2016; 55:424-427. [PMID: 27511622 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Threshold tracking paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TTTMS) examines cortical function and is useful for diagnosis of motor neuron disorders. Differences in cortical function have been identified between dominant and non-dominant limbs using constant stimulus methods, but they remain unclear, potentially due to methodological differences. In this study we aimed to clarify differences in cortical function between dominant and non-dominant limbs using TTTMS. METHODS Single-pulse TMS, TTTMS, and nerve conduction studies were performed in 25 healthy, right-handed participants by recording from the abductor pollicis brevis muscle. RESULTS There were no side-to-side differences observed in resting motor threshold, motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude, MEP latency, central motor conduction time, cortical silent period, short-interval intracortical inhibition and facilitation, compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude, CMAP latency, F-wave latency, or neurophysiological index. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that, when using TTTMS, there are no differences in cortical function between dominant and non-dominant hemispheres. Muscle Nerve 55: 424-427, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumoto Shibuya
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - Susanna B Park
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - James Howells
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - William Huynh
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia.,Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yu-Ichi Noto
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - Nortina Shahrizaila
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - José M Matamala
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - Steve Vucic
- Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew C Kiernan
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
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25
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Neural correlates of unihemispheric and bihemispheric motor cortex stimulation in healthy young adults. Neuroimage 2016; 140:141-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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26
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Iwata Y, Jono Y, Mizusawa H, Kinoshita A, Hiraoka K. Interhemispheric Inhibition Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over Primary Sensory Cortex. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:438. [PMID: 27630554 PMCID: PMC5006631 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated whether the long-interval interhemispheric inhibition (LIHI) is induced by the transcranial magnetic stimulation over the primary sensory area (S1-TMS) without activation of the conditioning side of the primary motor area (M1) contributing to the contralateral motor evoked potential (MEP), whether the S1-TMS-induced LIHI is dependent on the status of the S1 modulated by the tactile input, and whether the pathways mediating the LIHI are different from those mediating the M1-TMS-induced LIHI. In order to give the TMS over the S1 without eliciting the MEP, the intensity of the S1-TMS was adjusted to be the sub-motor-threshold level and the trials with the MEP response elicited by the S1-TMS were discarded online. The LIHI was induced by the S1-TMS given 40 ms before the test TMS in the participants with the attenuation of the tactile perception of the digit stimulation (TPDS) induced by the S1-TMS, indicating that the LIHI is induced by the S1-TMS without activation of the conditioning side of the M1 contributing to the contralateral MEP in the participants in which the pathways mediating the TPDS is sensitive to the S1-TMS. The S1-TMS-induced LIHI was positively correlated with the attenuation of the TPDS induced by the S1-TMS, indicating that the S1-TMS-induced LIHI is dependent on the effect of the S1-TMS on the pathways mediating the TPDS at the S1. In another experiment, the effect of the digit stimulation given before the conditioning TMS on the S1- or M1-TMS-induced LIHI was examined. The digit stimulation produces tactile input to the S1 causing change in the status of the S1. The S1-TMS-induced LIHI was enhanced when the S1-TMS was given in the period in which the tactile afferent volley produced by the digit stimulation just arrived at the S1, while the LIHI induced by above-motor-threshold TMS over the contralateral M1 was not enhanced by the tactile input. Thus, the S1-TMS-induced LIHI is dependent on the status of the S1 modulated by the tactile input, and the pathways mediating the sub-motor-threshold S1-TMS-induced LIHI are not the same as the pathways mediating the above-motor-threshold M1-TMS-induced LIHI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Iwata
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University Habikino, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Jono
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University Habikino, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mizusawa
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University Habikino, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kinoshita
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University Habikino, Japan
| | - Koichi Hiraoka
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University Habikino, Japan
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27
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Vaalto S, Julkunen P, Säïsänen L, Könönen M, Määttä S, Karhu J. Increased Inhibition in Non-Primary Motor Areas of String-Instrument Players: A Preliminary Study with Paired-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. Brain Plast 2016; 1:223-234. [PMID: 29765844 PMCID: PMC5928543 DOI: 10.3233/bpl-150015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The muscle representations in non-primary motor area (NPMA) are located in the dorsal premotor area (PMd) and in the border region between the premotor area and the supplementary motor area (SMA). Objective: We characterized the plasticity of intracortical inhibitory and excitatory circuits in muscle representations in primary motor cortex (M1) and in NPMA related to acquired fine motor skills. We compared local cortical inhibition and facilitation balance in M1 and in NPMA between control subjects (n = 6) and right-handed string-instrument players (n = 5). Methods: Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to compare motor thresholds (MTs), motor evoked potentials (MEPs), short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF) in non-dominant hand muscle representations in M1 and NPMA. Results: String-instrument players showed reduced SICI in M1 in the actively used left hand abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscle representation at 3 ms inter-stimulus interval (ISI) with a conditioning stimulus (CS) intensity of 80% of MT and increased SICI in NPMA in ADM representation at 2 ms ISI and CS intensity of 50% of MT in comparison with controls. No differences between string-instrument players and controls were found for the SICI in the left hand opponens pollicis (OP) muscle representation, which is a muscle not intensively trained in string-instrument players. Conclusions: These preliminary results indicate that the stronger inhibition in motor representations outside M1 in string-instrument players may be crucial when accurate movements of single muscles must be performed. In contrast, weaker inhibition in M1 in string-instrument players may benefit the performance of fast finger movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selja Vaalto
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petro Julkunen
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Laura Säïsänen
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mervi Könönen
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sara Määttä
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari Karhu
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Nexstim Plc., Elimäenkatu 9 B, Helsinki, Finland
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28
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Abe M. Neurophysiological correlates of motor deficits in patients in Benign Epilepsy with Centro-Temporal Spikes. Clin Neurophysiol 2015; 127:991-992. [PMID: 26525364 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsunari Abe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Japan
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29
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Rio E, Kidgell D, Moseley GL, Gaida J, Docking S, Purdam C, Cook J. Tendon neuroplastic training: changing the way we think about tendon rehabilitation: a narrative review. Br J Sports Med 2015; 50:209-15. [PMID: 26407586 PMCID: PMC4752665 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-095215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Tendinopathy can be resistant to treatment and often recurs, implying that current treatment approaches are suboptimal. Rehabilitation programmes that have been successful in terms of pain reduction and return to sport outcomes usually include strength training. Muscle activation can induce analgesia, improving self-efficacy associated with reducing one's own pain. Furthermore, strength training is beneficial for tendon matrix structure, muscle properties and limb biomechanics. However, current tendon rehabilitation may not adequately address the corticospinal control of the muscle, which may result in altered control of muscle recruitment and the consequent tendon load, and this may contribute to recalcitrance or symptom recurrence. Outcomes of interest include the effect of strength training on tendon pain, corticospinal excitability and short interval cortical inhibition. The aims of this concept paper are to: (1) review what is known about changes to the primary motor cortex and motor control in tendinopathy, (2) identify the parameters shown to induce neuroplasticity in strength training and (3) align these principles with tendon rehabilitation loading protocols to introduce a combination approach termed as tendon neuroplastic training. Strength training is a powerful modulator of the central nervous system. In particular, corticospinal inputs are essential for motor unit recruitment and activation; however, specific strength training parameters are important for neuroplasticity. Strength training that is externally paced and akin to a skilled movement task has been shown to not only reduce tendon pain, but modulate excitatory and inhibitory control of the muscle and therefore, potentially tendon load. An improved understanding of the methods that maximise the opportunity for neuroplasticity may be an important progression in how we prescribe exercise-based rehabilitation in tendinopathy for pain modulation and potentially restoration of the corticospinal control of the muscle-tendon complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebonie Rio
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia The Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention, Ballarat Federation University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dawson Kidgell
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - G Lorimer Moseley
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia & Pain, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jamie Gaida
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Physiotherapy, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Australia
| | - Sean Docking
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia The Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention, Ballarat Federation University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Craig Purdam
- Department of Physical Therapies, Australian Institute of Sport, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Jill Cook
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia The Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention, Ballarat Federation University, Victoria, Australia
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30
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Rigoux L, Daunizeau J. Dynamic causal modelling of brain–behaviour relationships. Neuroimage 2015; 117:202-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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31
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Neva JL, Vesia M, Singh AM, Staines WR. Bilateral primary motor cortex circuitry is modulated due to theta burst stimulation to left dorsal premotor cortex and bimanual training. Brain Res 2015; 1618:61-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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32
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Devine MS, Pannek K, Coulthard A, McCombe PA, Rose SE, Henderson RD. Exposing asymmetric gray matter vulnerability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2015; 7:782-7. [PMID: 25844330 PMCID: PMC4375643 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Limb weakness in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is typically asymmetric. Previous studies have identified an effect of limb dominance on onset and spread of weakness, however relative atrophy of dominant and non-dominant brain regions has not been investigated. Our objective was to use voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to explore gray matter (GM) asymmetry in ALS, in the context of limb dominance. 30 ALS subjects were matched with 17 healthy controls. All subjects were right-handed. Each underwent a structural MRI sequence, from which GM segmentations were generated. Patterns of GM atrophy were assessed in ALS subjects with first weakness in a right-sided limb (n = 15) or left-sided limb (n = 15). Within each group, a voxelwise comparison was also performed between native and mirror GM images, to identify regions of hemispheric GM asymmetry. Subjects with ALS showed disproportionate atrophy of the dominant (left) motor cortex hand area, irrespective of the side of first limb weakness (p < 0.01). Asymmetric atrophy of the left somatosensory cortex and temporal gyri was only observed in ALS subjects with right-sided onset of limb weakness. Our VBM protocol, contrasting native and mirror images, was able to more sensitively detect asymmetric GM pathology in a small cohort, compared with standard methods. These findings indicate particular vulnerability of dominant upper limb representation in ALS, supporting previous clinical studies, and with implications for cortical organisation and selective vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Devine
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia ; School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kerstin Pannek
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia ; Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Digital Productivity & Services Flagship, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Alan Coulthard
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia ; Department of Medical Imaging, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Pamela A McCombe
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia ; School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Stephen E Rose
- Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Digital Productivity & Services Flagship, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Robert D Henderson
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
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Tzourio-Mazoyer N, Petit L, Zago L, Crivello F, Vinuesa N, Joliot M, Jobard G, Mellet E, Mazoyer B. Between-hand difference in ipsilateral deactivation is associated with hand lateralization: fMRI mapping of 284 volunteers balanced for handedness. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 9:5. [PMID: 25705184 PMCID: PMC4319399 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In right-handers (RH), an increase in the pace of dominant hand movement results in increased ipsilateral deactivation of the primary motor cortex (M1). By contrast, an increase in non-dominant hand movement frequency is associated with reduced ipsilateral deactivation. This pattern suggests that inhibitory processes support right hand dominance in right-handers and raises the issues of whether this phenomenon also supports left hand preference in left-handers (LH), and/or whether it relates to asymmetry of manual ability in either group. Thanks to the BIL&GIN, a database dedicated to the investigation of hemispheric specialization (HS), we studied the variation in M1 activity during right and left finger tapping tasks (FTT) in a sample of 284 healthy participants balanced for handedness. An M1 fMRI localizer was defined for each participant as an 8 mm diameter sphere centered on the motor activation peak. RH exhibited significantly larger deactivation of the ipsilateral M1 when moving their dominant hand than their non-dominant hand. In contrast, LH exhibited comparable ipsilateral M1 deactivation during either hand movement, reflecting a bilateral cortical specialization. This pattern is likely related to left-handers’ good performances with their right hand and consequent lower asymmetry in manual ability compared with RH. Finally, inter-individual analyses over the whole sample demonstrated that the larger the difference in manual skill across hands, the larger the difference in ipsilateral deactivation. Overall, we propose that difference in ipsilateral deactivation is a marker of difference in manual ability asymmetry reflecting differences in the strength of transcallosal inhibition when a given hand is moving.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L Petit
- GIN UMR5296, CNRS CEA Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France
| | - L Zago
- GIN UMR5296, CNRS CEA Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France
| | - F Crivello
- GIN UMR5296, CNRS CEA Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France
| | - N Vinuesa
- GIN UMR5296, CNRS CEA Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France
| | - M Joliot
- GIN UMR5296, CNRS CEA Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France
| | - G Jobard
- GIN UMR5296, CNRS CEA Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France
| | - E Mellet
- GIN UMR5296, CNRS CEA Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France
| | - B Mazoyer
- GIN UMR5296, CNRS CEA Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France
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Tazoe T, Endoh T, Kitamura T, Ogata T. Polarity specific effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on interhemispheric inhibition. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114244. [PMID: 25478912 PMCID: PMC4257682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been used as a useful interventional brain stimulation technique to improve unilateral upper-limb motor function in healthy humans, as well as in stroke patients. Although tDCS applications are supposed to modify the interhemispheric balance between the motor cortices, the tDCS after-effects on interhemispheric interactions are still poorly understood. To address this issue, we investigated the tDCS after-effects on interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) between the primary motor cortices (M1) in healthy humans. Three types of tDCS electrode montage were tested on separate days; anodal tDCS over the right M1, cathodal tDCS over the left M1, bilateral tDCS with anode over the right M1 and cathode over the left M1. Single-pulse and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulations were given to the left M1 and right M1 before and after tDCS to assess the bilateral corticospinal excitabilities and mutual direction of IHI. Regardless of the electrode montages, corticospinal excitability was increased on the same side of anodal stimulation and decreased on the same side of cathodal stimulation. However, neither unilateral tDCS changed the corticospinal excitability at the unstimulated side. Unilateral anodal tDCS increased IHI from the facilitated side M1 to the unchanged side M1, but it did not change IHI in the other direction. Unilateral cathodal tDCS suppressed IHI both from the inhibited side M1 to the unchanged side M1 and from the unchanged side M1 to the inhibited side M1. Bilateral tDCS increased IHI from the facilitated side M1 to the inhibited side M1 and attenuated IHI in the opposite direction. Sham-tDCS affected neither corticospinal excitability nor IHI. These findings indicate that tDCS produced polarity-specific after-effects on the interhemispheric interactions between M1 and that those after-effects on interhemispheric interactions were mainly dependent on whether tDCS resulted in the facilitation or inhibition of the M1 sending interhemispheric volleys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Tazoe
- Department of Rehabilitation for Movement Functions, Research Institute, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Tokorozawa, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Takashi Endoh
- Department of Rehabilitation for Movement Functions, Research Institute, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Tokorozawa, Japan
- Faculty of Child Development and Education, Uekusa Gakuen University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taku Kitamura
- Department of Rehabilitation for Movement Functions, Research Institute, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Tokorozawa, Japan
- Division of Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toru Ogata
- Department of Rehabilitation for Movement Functions, Research Institute, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Tokorozawa, Japan
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35
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Devine MS, Kiernan MC, Heggie S, McCombe PA, Henderson RD. Study of motor asymmetry in ALS indicates an effect of limb dominance on onset and spread of weakness, and an important role for upper motor neurons. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2014; 15:481-7. [DOI: 10.3109/21678421.2014.906617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S. Devine
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital,
Herston, QLD, Australia
- The University of Queensland,
St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Matthew C. Kiernan
- Neuroscience Research Australia,
Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales,
NSW, Australia
| | - Susan Heggie
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital,
Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Pamela A. McCombe
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital,
Herston, QLD, Australia
- The University of Queensland,
St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert D. Henderson
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital,
Herston, QLD, Australia
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36
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Tsutsumi R, Hanajima R, Terao Y, Shirota Y, Ohminami S, Shimizu T, Tanaka N, Ugawa Y. Effects of the motor cortical quadripulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (QPS) on the contralateral motor cortex and interhemispheric interactions. J Neurophysiol 2014; 111:26-35. [DOI: 10.1152/jn.00515.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Corpus callosum connects the bilateral primary motor cortices (M1s) and plays an important role in motor control. Using the paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) paradigm, we can measure interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) and interhemispheric facilitation (IHF) as indexes of the interhemispheric interactions in humans. We investigated how quadripulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (QPS), one form of repetitive TMS (rTMS), on M1 affects the contralateral M1 and the interhemispheric interactions. QPS is able to induce bidirectional plastic changes in M1 depending on the interstimulus intervals (ISIs) of TMS pulses: long-term potentiation (LTP)-like effect by QPS-5 protocol, and long-term depression-like effect by QPS-50, whose numbers indicate the ISI (ms). Twelve healthy subjects were enrolled. We applied QPS over the left M1 and recorded several parameters before and 30 min after QPS. QPS-5, which increased motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) induced by left M1 activation, also increased MEPs induced by right M1 activation. Meanwhile, QPS-50, which decreased MEPs elicited by left M1 activation, did not induce any significant changes in MEPs elicited by right M1 activation. None of the resting motor threshold, active motor threshold, short-interval intracortical inhibition, long-interval intracortical inhibition, intracortical facilitation, and short-interval intracortical inhibition in right M1 were affected by QPS. IHI and IHF from left to right M1 significantly increased after left M1 QPS-5. The degree of left first dorsal interosseous MEP amplitude change by QPS-5 significantly correlated with the degree of IHF change. We suppose that the LTP-like effect on the contralateral M1 may be produced by some interhemispheric interactions through the corpus callosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Tsutsumi
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Ritsuko Hanajima
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Yasuo Terao
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Yuichiro Shirota
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Shinya Ohminami
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Takahiro Shimizu
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Nobuyuki Tanaka
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Yoshikazu Ugawa
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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37
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Uehara K, Morishita T, Kubota S, Hirano M, Funase K. Functional difference in short- and long-latency interhemispheric inhibitions from active to resting hemisphere during a unilateral muscle contraction. J Neurophysiol 2014; 111:17-25. [DOI: 10.1152/jn.00494.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is a functional difference in short-latency (SIHI) and long-latency (LIHI) interhemispheric inhibition from the active to the resting primary motor cortex (M1) with paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation during a unilateral muscle contraction. In nine healthy right-handed participants, IHI was tested from the dominant to the nondominant M1 and vice versa under resting conditions or during performance of a sustained unilateral muscle contraction with the right or left first dorsal interosseous muscle at 10% and 30% maximum voluntary contraction. To obtain measurements of SIHI and LIHI, a conditioning stimulus (CS) was applied over the M1 contralateral to the muscle contraction, followed by a test stimulus over the M1 ipsilateral to the muscle contraction at short (10 ms) and long (40 ms) interstimulus intervals. We used four CS intensities to investigate SIHI and LIHI from the active to the resting M1 systematically. The amount of IHI during the unilateral muscle contractions showed a significant difference between SIHI and LIHI, but the amount of IHI during the resting condition did not. In particular, SIHI during the muscle contractions, but not LIHI, significantly increased with increase in CS intensity compared with the resting condition. Laterality of IHI was not detected in any of the experimental conditions. The present study provides novel evidence that a functional difference between SIHI and LIHI from the active to the resting M1 exists during unilateral muscle contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Uehara
- Human Motor Control Laboratory, Division of Human Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takuya Morishita
- Human Motor Control Laboratory, Division of Human Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinji Kubota
- Human Motor Control Laboratory, Division of Human Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masato Hirano
- Human Motor Control Laboratory, Division of Human Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kozo Funase
- Human Motor Control Laboratory, Division of Human Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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38
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Perez MA, Butler JE, Taylor JL. Modulation of transcallosal inhibition by bilateral activation of agonist and antagonist proximal arm muscles. J Neurophysiol 2013; 111:405-14. [PMID: 24155008 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00322.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcallosal inhibitory interactions between proximal representations in the primary motor cortex remain poorly understood. In this study, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation to examine the ipsilateral silent period (iSP; a measure of transcallosal inhibition) in the biceps and triceps brachii during unilateral and bilateral isometric voluntary contractions. Healthy volunteers performed 10% of maximal isometric voluntary elbow flexion or extension with one arm while the contralateral arm remained at rest or performed 30% of maximal isometric voluntary elbow flexion or extension. The iSP was measured in the arm performing 10% contractions, and electromyographic (EMG) recordings were comparable across conditions. The iSP onset and duration in the biceps and triceps brachii were comparable. In both muscles, the iSP depth and area were increased during bilateral contractions of homologous agonist muscles (extension-extension and flexion-flexion) compared with a unilateral contraction, whereas during bilateral contractions of nonhomologous antagonist muscles (extension-flexion and flexion-extension), the iSP depth and area were decreased compared with a unilateral contraction, and sometimes facilitation of EMG was seen. This effect was never observed during bilateral activation of homologous muscles. The size of responses evoked by cervicomedullary electrical stimulation in the arm that made 10% contractions remained unchanged across conditions. Thus transcallosal inhibition targeting triceps and biceps brachii is upregulated by voluntary contraction of the contralateral agonist muscle and downregulated by voluntary contraction of the contralateral antagonist muscle. We speculate that these reciprocal task-dependent interactions between bilateral flexor and extensor arm regions of the motor cortex may contribute to coupling between the arms during motor behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica A Perez
- Neuroscience Research Australia and the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; and
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Davidson T, Tremblay F. Hemispheric differences in corticospinal excitability and in transcallosal inhibition in relation to degree of handedness. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70286. [PMID: 23936180 PMCID: PMC3723808 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined hemispheric differences in corticospinal excitability and in transcallosal inhibition in a selected group of young adults (n = 34) grouped into three handedness categories (RH: strongly right-handed, n = 17; LH: strongly left-handed, n = 10; MH: mixed-handed, n = 7) based on laterality quotients (LQ) derived from the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory. Performance measures were also used to derive a laterality index reflecting right-left asymmetries in manual dexterity (Dextli) and in finger tapping speed (Speedli). Corticospinal excitability was assessed in each hemisphere by means of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) using the first dorsal interosseus as the target muscle. TMS measures consisted of resting motor threshold (rMT), motor evoked potential (MEP) recruitment curve (RC) and the contralateral silent period (cSP) with the accompanying MEP facilitation. Hemispheric interactions were assessed by means of the ipsilateral silent period (iSP) to determine the onset latency and the duration of transcallosal inhibition (i.e., LTI and DTI). Analysis of hemispheric variations in measures of corticospinal excitability revealed no major asymmetries in relation to degrees of laterality or handedness, with the exception of a rightward increase in rMTs in the LH group. Similarly, no clear asymmetries were found when looking at hemispheric variations in measures of transcallosal inhibition. However, a large group effect was detected for LTI measures, which were found to be significantly shorter in the MH group than in either the LH or RH group. MH participants also tended to show longer DTI than the other participants. Further inspection of overall variations in LTI and DTI measures as a function of LQs revealed that both variables followed a non-linear relationship, which was best described by a 2nd order polynomial function. Overall, these findings provide converging evidence for a link between mixed-handedness and more efficient interhemispheric communication when compared to either right- or left-handedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis Davidson
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - François Tremblay
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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40
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41
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Davidson T, Tremblay F. Age and hemispheric differences in transcallosal inhibition between motor cortices: an ispsilateral silent period study. BMC Neurosci 2013; 14:62. [PMID: 23800346 PMCID: PMC3695846 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-14-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, we investigated age and hemispheric differences in transcallosal inhibition (TCI) in the context of active contraction using the ipsilateral silent period (iSP). We also examined whether age-related changes in TCI would be related to corresponding changes in manual performance with age. Participants consisted of right-handed individuals from two age groups (young adults, n=13; seniors, n=17). The iSP was measured for each hemisphere using suprathreshold TMS pulses delivered over the primary motor cortex ipsilateral to the maximally contracting hand while the homologue muscles of the opposite hand were lightly contracting (~15% of the maximum). Manual performance was assessed bilaterally for both grip strength and fine dexterity. Results Our results yielded two main findings. First, TCI measures derived from iSP were strongly influenced by age, whereas differences between hemispheres were only minor. Second, correlation analyses revealed that age-related variations in TCI measures were related to changes in manual performance, so that left-to-right TCI correlated with right hand performance and vice-versa for the opposite hand/hemisphere. Conclusion Overall, these results concur with other recent reports indicating that mutual inhibition between motor cortices tends to decline with age. In this respect, our observations are in line with the notion that the balance of normally predominantly inhibitory interactions between motor cortices is shifted toward excitatory processes with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis Davidson
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Montpetit Hall, 125 University Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
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42
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Revisiting human hemispheric specialization with neuroimaging. Trends Cogn Sci 2013; 17:69-80. [PMID: 23317751 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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43
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Motor control and neural plasticity through interhemispheric interactions. Neural Plast 2012; 2012:823285. [PMID: 23326685 PMCID: PMC3541646 DOI: 10.1155/2012/823285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The corpus callosum, which is the largest white matter structure in the human brain, connects the 2 cerebral hemispheres. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the independent processing of the hemispheres and in integrating information between both hemispheres. The functional integrity of interhemispheric interactions can be tested electrophysiologically in humans by using transcranial magnetic stimulation, electroencephalography, and functional magnetic resonance imaging. As a brain structural imaging, diffusion tensor imaging has revealed the microstructural connectivity underlying interhemispheric interactions. Sex, age, and motor training in addition to the size of the corpus callosum influence interhemispheric interactions. Several neurological disorders change hemispheric asymmetry directly by impairing the corpus callosum. Moreover, stroke lesions and unilateral peripheral impairments such as amputation alter interhemispheric interactions indirectly. Noninvasive brain stimulation changes the interhemispheric interactions between both motor cortices. Recently, these brain stimulation techniques were applied in the clinical rehabilitation of patients with stroke by ameliorating the deteriorated modulation of interhemispheric interactions. Here, we review the interhemispheric interactions and mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these interactions and propose rehabilitative approaches for appropriate cortical reorganization.
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Sehm B, Schäfer A, Kipping J, Margulies D, Conde V, Taubert M, Villringer A, Ragert P. Dynamic modulation of intrinsic functional connectivity by transcranial direct current stimulation. J Neurophysiol 2012; 108:3253-63. [DOI: 10.1152/jn.00606.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique capable of modulating cortical excitability and thereby influencing behavior and learning. Recent evidence suggests that bilateral tDCS over both primary sensorimotor cortices (SM1) yields more prominent effects on motor performance in both healthy subjects and chronic stroke patients than unilateral tDCS over SM1. To better characterize the underlying neural mechanisms of this effect, we aimed to explore changes in resting-state functional connectivity during both stimulation types. In a randomized single-blind crossover design, 12 healthy subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging at rest before, during, and after 20 min of unilateral, bilateral, and sham tDCS stimulation over SM1. Eigenvector centrality mapping (ECM) was used to investigate tDCS-induced changes in functional connectivity patterns across the whole brain. Uni- and bilateral tDCS over SM1 resulted in functional connectivity changes in widespread brain areas compared with sham stimulation both during and after stimulation. Whereas bilateral tDCS predominantly modulated changes in primary and secondary motor as well as prefrontal regions, unilateral tDCS affected prefrontal, parietal, and cerebellar areas. No direct effect was seen under the stimulating electrode in the unilateral condition. The time course of changes in functional connectivity in the respective brain areas was nonlinear and temporally dispersed. These findings provide evidence toward a network-based understanding regarding the underpinnings of specific tDCS interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Sehm
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; and
- Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Schäfer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; and
| | - Judy Kipping
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; and
| | - Daniel Margulies
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; and
| | - Virginia Conde
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; and
| | - Marco Taubert
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; and
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; and
- Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Patrick Ragert
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; and
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Tsutsumi R, Shirota Y, Ohminami S, Terao Y, Ugawa Y, Hanajima R. Conditioning intensity-dependent interaction between short-latency interhemispheric inhibition and short-latency afferent inhibition. J Neurophysiol 2012; 108:1130-7. [DOI: 10.1152/jn.00300.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between sensory and transcallosal inputs into the motor cortex may be important in motor performance, but it has not been well studied, especially in humans. The aim of this study was to reveal this relationship by investigating the interaction between short-latency interhemispheric inhibition (SIHI) and short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) in humans with transcranial magnetic stimulation. SIHI is the inhibition of the primary motor cortex (M1) elicited by contralateral M1 stimulation given ∼10 ms before, and it reflects transcallosal inhibition. SAI is the inhibition of M1 elicited by contralateral median nerve stimulation preceding M1 stimulation by ∼20 ms. In this investigation, we studied the intensity dependence of SIHI and SAI and the interaction between SIHI and SAI in various conditioning intensities. Subjects were 11 normal volunteers. The degree of effects was evaluated by comparing motor evoked potential sizes recorded from the first dorsal interosseous muscle between a certain condition and control condition. Both SIHI and SAI were potentiated by increment of the conditioning stimulus intensity and saturated at 1.4 times resting motor threshold for SIHI and 3 times sensory threshold for SAI. No significant interaction was observed when either of their intensities was subthreshold for the inhibition on its own. Only when both intensities were strong enough for their inhibition did the presence of one inhibition lessen the other one. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that interneurons mediating SIHI and SAI have mutual, direct, and inhibitory interaction in a conditioning intensity-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Tsutsumi
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Yuichiro Shirota
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Shinya Ohminami
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Yasuo Terao
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Yoshikazu Ugawa
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Hanajima
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
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Morishita T, Uehara K, Funase K. Changes in interhemispheric inhibition from active to resting primary motor cortex during a fine-motor manipulation task. J Neurophysiol 2012; 107:3086-94. [DOI: 10.1152/jn.00888.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of performance of a sensorimotor task on the interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) induced from the active primary motor cortex (M1) to the resting M1 was examined in 10 right-handed subjects. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was performed to produce motor evoked potentials (MEP) in the resting right (Rt)-first dorsal interosseous (FDI). For the paired-TMS paradigm, a conditioning stimulus (CS) was delivered to the Rt-M1, and its intensity was adjusted from 0.6 to 1.4 times the resting motor threshold of the MEP in the left (Lt)-FDI in 0.2 steps. The test stimulus was delivered to the Lt-M1, and its intensity was adjusted to evoke similar MEP amplitudes in the Rt-FDI among the task conditions. The interstimulus interval was fixed at 10 ms. As a sensorimotor task, a fine-motor manipulation (FM) task (using chopsticks to pick up, transport, and release glass balls) was adopted. In addition, an isometric abduction (IA) task was also performed as a control task. These tasks were carried out with the left hand. The IHI from the active to the resting M1 observed during the FM task was markedly increased compared with that induced during the IA task, and this effect was not dependent on the MEP amplitude evoked in the active Lt-FDI by the CS. The present findings suggest that the increased IHI from the active to the resting M1 observed during the FM task was linked to reductions in the activity of the ipsilateral intracortical inhibitory circuit, as we reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Morishita
- Human Motor Control Laboratory, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Uehara
- Human Motor Control Laboratory, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kozo Funase
- Human Motor Control Laboratory, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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Reid CS, Serrien DJ. Handedness and the excitability of cortical inhibitory circuits. Behav Brain Res 2012; 230:144-8. [PMID: 22343128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 01/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitory processes play a significant role in the control of goal-directed actions. To increase insights into these mechanisms as a function of handedness, we measured the transient inhibition of volitional motor activity induced by single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation during bimanual isometric contractions with symmetrical and asymmetrical force demands. Here, we assess the cortical silent period (cSP), which associates with intrahemispheric inhibition, and the ipsilateral silent period (iSP), which provides an estimation of interhemispheric inhibition. The data showed that inhibitory processes support the functional regulation of bimanual motor output. Furthermore, right-handers demonstrated asymmetries in intra- and interhemispheric inhibition due to asymmetrical force requirements and hand dominance, whereas left-handers did not show marked differences. In particular, right-handers demonstrated increased inhibitory processing that favoured control of the dominant (left) hemisphere whereas both motor cortices exhibited equal capabilities in left-handers. These observations were specific to the bimanual nature of the task. The present results underline distinct organisational mechanisms of coordinated behaviour in right- and left-handers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Campbell S Reid
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Sommer M, Gileles E, Knappmeyer K, Rothkegel H, Polania R, Paulus W. Carbamazepine reduces short-interval interhemispheric inhibition in healthy humans. Clin Neurophysiol 2012; 123:351-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2011.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Revised: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Floel A, Warnecke T, Duning T, Lating Y, Uhlenbrock J, Schneider A, Vogt G, Laage R, Koch W, Knecht S, Schäbitz WR. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in stroke patients with concomitant vascular disease--a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19767. [PMID: 21625426 PMCID: PMC3100298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background G-CSF has been shown in animal models of stroke to promote functional and structural regeneration of the central nervous system. It thus might present a therapy to promote recovery in the chronic stage after stroke. Methods Here, we assessed the safety and tolerability of G-CSF in chronic stroke patients with concomitant vascular disease, and explored efficacy data. 41 patients were studied in a double-blind, randomized approach to either receive 10 days of G-CSF (10 µg/kg body weight/day), or placebo. Main inclusion criteria were an ischemic infarct >4 months prior to inclusion, and white matter hyperintensities on MRI. Primary endpoint was number of adverse events. We also explored changes in hand motor function for activities of daily living, motor and verbal learning, and finger tapping speed, over the course of the study. Results Adverse events (AEs) were more frequent in the G-CSF group, but were generally graded mild or moderate and from the known side-effect spectrum of G-CSF. Leukocyte count rose after day 2 of G-CSF dosing, reached a maximum on day 8 (mean 42/nl), and returned to baseline 1 week after treatment cessation. No significant effect of treatment was detected for the primary efficacy endpoint, the test of hand motor function. Conclusions These results demonstrate the feasibility, safety and reasonable tolerability of subcutaneous G-CSF in chronic stroke patients. This study thus provides the basis to explore the efficacy of G-CSF in improving chronic stroke-related deficits. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00298597
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Floel
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail: (AF); (W-FS)
| | - Tobias Warnecke
- Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Duning
- Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Yvonne Lating
- Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jan Uhlenbrock
- Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Stefan Knecht
- Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wolf-Rüdiger Schäbitz
- Department of Neurology, Bethel, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Bielefeld (EVKB), Bielefeld, Germany
- * E-mail: (AF); (W-FS)
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van den Berg FE, Swinnen SP, Wenderoth N. Involvement of the primary motor cortex in controlling movements executed with the ipsilateral hand differs between left- and right-handers. J Cogn Neurosci 2011; 23:3456-69. [PMID: 21452954 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Unimanual motor tasks, specifically movements that are complex or require high forces, activate not only the contralateral primary motor cortex (M1) but evoke also ipsilateral M1 activity. This involvement of ipsilateral M1 is asymmetric, such that the left M1 is more involved in motor control with the left hand than the right M1 in movements with the right hand. This suggests that the left hemisphere is specialized for movement control of either hand, although previous experiments tested mostly right-handed participants. In contrast, research on hemispheric asymmetries of ipsilateral M1 involvement in left-handed participants is relatively scarce. In the present study, left- and right-handed participants performed complex unimanual movements, whereas TMS was used to disrupt the activity of ipsilateral M1 in accordance with a "virtual lesion" approach. For right-handed participants, more disruptions were induced when TMS was applied over the dominant (left) M1. For left-handed participants, two subgroups could be distinguished, such that one group showed more disruptions when TMS was applied over the nondominant (left) M1, whereas the other subgroup showed more disruptions when the dominant (right) M1 was stimulated. This indicates that functional asymmetries of M1 involvement during ipsilateral movements are influenced by both hand dominance as well as left hemisphere specialization. We propose that the functional asymmetries in ipsilateral M1 involvement during unimanual movements are primarily attributable to asymmetries in the higher-order areas, although the contribution of transcallosal pathways and ipsilateral projections cannot be completely ruled out.
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