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Chen H, Zhang L, Du S, Yang D, Cui X, Zhao H, Zhang J. Triptolide mitigates the inhibition of osteogenesis induced by TNF-α in human periodontal ligament stem cells via the p-IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway: an in-vitro study. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:113. [PMID: 38448925 PMCID: PMC10916329 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04408-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triptolide is a widely utilized natural anti-inflammatory drug in clinical practice. Aim of this study was to evaluate effects of triptolide on hPDLSCs osteogenesis in an inflammatory setting and to investigate underlying mechanisms. METHODS Using the tissue block method to obtain hPDLSCs from extracted premolar or third molar. Flow cytometry, osteogenic and adipogenic induction were carried out in order to characterise the features of the cells acquired. hPDLSC proliferative activity was assessed by CCK-8 assay to determine the effect of TNF-α and/or triptolide. The impact of triptolide on the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs was investigated by ALP staining and quantification. Osteogenesis-associated genes and proteins expression level were assessed through PCR and Western blotting assay. Finally, BAY-117,082 was used to study the NF-κB pathway. RESULTS In the group treated with TNF-α, there was an elevation in inflammation levels while osteogenic ability and the expression of both osteogenesis-associated genes and proteins decreased. In the group co-treated with TNF-α and triptolide, inflammation levels were reduced and osteogenic ability as well as the expression of both osteogenesis-associated genes and proteins were enhanced. At the end of the experiment, both triptolide and BAY-117,082 exerted similar inhibitory effects on the NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION The osteogenic inhibition of hPDLSCs by TNF-α can be alleviated through triptolide, with the involvement of the p-IκBα/NF-κB pathway in this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Committee of Shenzhen Municipality, Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, A301 Virtual University Park in South District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518063, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Simeng Du
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Daiwei Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaobin Cui
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huadong Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China.
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Sanz JL, López-García S, García-Bernal D, Rodríguez-Lozano FJ, Forner L, Lozano A, Murcia L. Comparative bioactivity and immunomodulatory potential of the new Bioroot Flow and AH Plus Bioceramic sealer: An in vitro study on hPDLSCs. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:195. [PMID: 38441709 PMCID: PMC10914906 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the cytocompatibility, bioactivity, and anti-inflammatory potential of the new pre-mixed calcium silicate cement-based sealers Bioroot Flow (BrF) and AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer (AHPbcs) on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) compared to the epoxy resin-based sealer AH Plus (AHP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Standardized discs and 1:1, 1:2, and 1:4 eluates of BrF, AHPbcs and AHP after setting were prepared. The following assays were performed: cell attachment and morphology via SEM, cell viability via a MTT assay, cell migration/proliferation via a wound-healing assay, cytoskeleton organization via immunofluorescence staining; cytokine release via ELISA; osteo/cemento/odontogenic marker expression via RT-qPCR, and cell mineralized nodule formation via Alizarin Red S staining. HPDLSCs were isolated from extracted third molars from healthy patients. Comparisons were made with hPDLSCs cultured in unconditioned (negative control) or osteogenic (positive control) culture media. Statistical significance was established at p < 0.05. RESULTS Both BrF and AHPbcs showed significantly positive results in the cytocompatibility assays (cell metabolic activity, migration, attachment, morphology, and cytoskeleton organization) compared with a negative control group, while AHP showed significant negative results. BrF exhibited an upregulation of at least one osteo/cementogenic marker compared to the negative and positive control groups. BrF showed a significantly higher calcified nodule formation than AHPbcs, the negative and positive control groups, while AHPbcs was higher than the negative control group. Both were also significantly higher than AHP group. CONCLUSION BrF and AHPbcs exhibit adequate and comparable cytocompatibility on hPDLSCs. BrF also promoted the osteo/cementogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. Both calcium silicate-based sealers favored the downregulation of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and the calcified nodule formation from hPDLSCs. BrF exerted a significantly higher influence on cell mineralization than AHPbcs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This is the first study to elucidate the biological properties and immunomodulatory potential of Bioroot Flow and AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer. The results act as supporting evidence for their use in root canal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Sanz
- Departament d'Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergio López-García
- Departament d'Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - David García-Bernal
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB), 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lozano
- Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30008, Murcia, Spain.
- School of Dentistry, Hospital Morales Meseguer2 Pl.Av. Marqués de los Vélez, S/NUniversity of Murcia, 30008, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Leopoldo Forner
- Departament d'Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Adrián Lozano
- Departament d'Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Murcia
- Department of Health Sciences, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, 30107, Murcia, Spain
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Purbantoro SD, Taephatthanasagon T, Purwaningrum M, Hirankanokchot T, Peralta S, Fiani N, Sawangmake C, Rattanapuchpong S. Trends of regenerative tissue engineering for oral and maxillofacial reconstruction in veterinary medicine. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1325559. [PMID: 38450027 PMCID: PMC10915013 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1325559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral and maxillofacial (OMF) defects are not limited to humans and are often encountered in other species. Reconstructing significant tissue defects requires an excellent strategy for efficient and cost-effective treatment. In this regard, tissue engineering comprising stem cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules is emerging as an innovative approach to treating OMF defects in veterinary patients. This review presents a comprehensive overview of OMF defects and tissue engineering principles to establish proper treatment and achieve both hard and soft tissue regeneration in veterinary practice. Moreover, bench-to-bedside future opportunities and challenges of tissue engineering usage are also addressed in this literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Dwi Purbantoro
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teeanutree Taephatthanasagon
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Medania Purwaningrum
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Thanyathorn Hirankanokchot
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Santiago Peralta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Nadine Fiani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Chenphop Sawangmake
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Regenerative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Rattanapuchpong
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Academic Affairs, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Salari Sedigh H, Saffarpour A, Jamshidi S, Ashouri M, Nassiri SM, Dehghan MM, Ranjbar E, Shafieian R. In vitro investigation of canine periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal stem cells: A possibility of promising tool for periodontal regeneration. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:403-411. [PMID: 37113531 PMCID: PMC10127137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Recent investigations indicate that canine periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (cPDLSCs) may reveal a reliable strategy for repair of periodontal tissues via cell-based tissue engineering approaches. Due to limited research, this study aimed to demonstrate the phenotypic characterization of cPDLSc in comparison with canine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cBMSCs) in vitro. Methods Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were obtained from PDL and BM of five male adult Mongrel dogs. In vitro isolation and expansion as well as biologic characterization including colony unit formation (CFU), osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, flow cytometric analysis of CD34 and CD44, and RT-PCR of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), periostin (POSTN) and S100A4 were performed. Furthermore, electron microscopy analysis was done to complement the comparative research. Results CFU assay revealed that colonies of cPDLSCs presented 70% confluency with a more finite lifespan than BM-MSCs, showing a significant increase in cPDLSCs. Both types of MSCs showed osteogenic and adipogenic phenotypic characterized with clusters of mineralized depositions and lipid vacuoles, respectively. Both types of MSCs expressed CD44 with limited expression of CD34. RT-PCR of cPDLSCs revealed that expression of ALP, POSTN, OCN and S100A4 genes were significantly higher than those of BMSCs. In addition, comparison of SEM and revealed that cPDLSCs expressed more extracellular collagen fibers. Conclusions The current study indicated that cPDLSCs show potency as a novel cellular therapy for periodontal regeneration a large animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Salari Sedigh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Anna Saffarpour
- Department of Periodontology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Jamshidi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ashouri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Nassiri
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan
- Department of Surgery & Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmail Ranjbar
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Shafieian
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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5
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Deng X, Kato H, Taguchi Y, Nakata T, Umeda M. Intracellular glucose starvation inhibits osteogenic differentiation in human periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:607-620. [PMID: 36883427 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), as mesenchymal cells in the oral cavity, are closely linked to periodontal tissue regeneration. However, the effect of local glucose deficiency on periodontal tissue regeneration, such as immediately post-surgery, remains unknown. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we investigated the effect of a low-glucose environment on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of PDLCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used media with five glucose concentrations (100, 75, 50, 25, and 0 mg/dL) and focused on the effects of a low-glucose environment on the proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and autophagy of PDLCs. Additionally, we focused on changes in lactate production in a low-glucose environment and investigated the involvement of lactate with AZD3965, a monocarboxylate transporter-1 (MCT-1) inhibitor. RESULTS The low-glucose environment inhibited PDLCs proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation, and induced the expression of the autophagy-related factors LC3 and p62. Lactate and ATP production were decreased under low-glucose conditions. The addition of AZD3965 (MCT-1 inhibitor) in normal glucose conditions caused a similar trend as in low-glucose conditions on PDLCs. CONCLUSION Our results suggest lactate production through glucose metabolism in the osteogenic differentiation of PDLCs. A low-glucose environment decreased lactate production, inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation and inducing autophagy in PDLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Deng
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirohito Kato
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Taguchi
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takaya Nakata
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Umeda
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
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Botanicals and Oral Stem Cell Mediated Regeneration: A Paradigm Shift from Artificial to Biological Replacement. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182792. [PMID: 36139367 PMCID: PMC9496740 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are a well-known autologous pluripotent cell source, having excellent potential to develop into specialized cells, such as brain, skin, and bone marrow cells. The oral cavity is reported to be a rich source of multiple types of oral stem cells, including the dental pulp, mucosal soft tissues, periodontal ligament, and apical papilla. Oral stem cells were useful for both the regeneration of soft tissue components in the dental pulp and mineralized structure regeneration, such as bone or dentin, and can be a viable substitute for traditionally used bone marrow stem cells. In recent years, several studies have reported that plant extracts or compounds promoted the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of different oral stem cells. This review is carried out by following the PRISMA guidelines and focusing mainly on the effects of bioactive compounds on oral stem cell-mediated dental, bone, and neural regeneration. It is observed that in recent years studies were mainly focused on the utilization of oral stem cell-mediated regeneration of bone or dental mesenchymal cells, however, the utility of bioactive compounds on oral stem cell-mediated regeneration requires additional assessment beyond in vitro and in vivo studies, and requires more randomized clinical trials and case studies.
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Rad MR, Atarbasi-Moghadam F, Khodayari P, Sijanivandi S. Periodontal ligament stem cell isolation protocol: A systematic review. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 17:537-563. [PMID: 35088677 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666220128114825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the plethora of literature regarding isolation and characterization of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), due to the existence of controversies in the results, in this comprehensive review, we aimed to summarize and compare the effect of isolation methods on PDLSC properties, including clonogenicity, viability/proliferation, markers expression, cell morphology, differentiation, and regeneration. Moreover, the outcomes of included studies, considering various parameters such as teeth developmental stages, donor age, periodontal ligament health status, and part of the teeth root from which PDLSCs were derived, have been systematically discussed. It has been shown that from included studies PDLSCs can be isolated from teeth from any developmental stages, any health status condition, and any donor age. Also, a non-enzymatic digestion method, named as an explant or outgrowth technique, is a suitable protocol for of PDLSCs isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rezai Rad
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fazele Atarbasi-Moghadam
- Department of Periodontics, Dental School of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouya Khodayari
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soran Sijanivandi
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Y Baena AR, Casasco A, Monti M. Hypes and Hopes of Stem Cell Therapies in Dentistry: a Review. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1294-1308. [PMID: 35015212 PMCID: PMC8748526 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10326-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the most exciting advances in life science research is the development of 3D cell culture systems to obtain complex structures called organoids and spheroids. These 3D cultures closely mimic in vivo conditions, where cells can grow and interact with their surroundings. This allows us to better study the spatio-temporal dynamics of organogenesis and organ function. Furthermore, physiologically relevant organoids cultures can be used for basic research, medical research, and drug discovery. Although most of the research thus far focuses on the development of heart, liver, kidney, and brain organoids, to name a few, most recently, these structures were obtained using dental stem cells to study in vitro tooth regeneration. This review aims to present the most up-to-date research showing how dental stem cells can be grown on specific biomaterials to induce their differentiation in 3D. The possibility of combining engineering and biology principles to replicate and/or increase tissue function has been an emerging and exciting field in medicine. The use of this methodology in dentistry has already yielded many interesting results paving the way for the improvement of dental care and successful therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Rodriguez Y Baena
- Program in Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Andrea Casasco
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Histology and Embryology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Dental & Face Center, CDI, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Monti
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Histology and Embryology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. .,Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
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Zhang PP, Liang SX, Wang HL, Yang K, Nie SC, Zhang TM, Tian YY, Xu ZY, Chen W, Yan YB. Differences in the biological properties of mesenchymal stromal cells from traumatic temporomandibular joint fibrous and bony ankylosis: a comparative study. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2021; 25:296-311. [PMID: 34745436 PMCID: PMC8567918 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2021.1978543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the functional characteristics of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from a sheep model of traumatic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) fibrous and bony ankylosis. A sheep model of bilateral TMJ trauma-induced fibrous ankylosis on one side and bony ankylosis on the contralateral side was used. MSCs from fibrous ankylosed callus (FA-MSCs) or bony ankylosed callus (BA-MSCs) at weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8 after surgery were isolated and cultured. MSCs derived from the bone marrow of the mandibular condyle (BM-MSCs) were used as controls. The MSCs from the different sources were characterized morphologically, phenotypically, and functionally. Adherence and trilineage differentiation potential were presented in the ovine MSCs. These cell populations highly positively expressed MSC-associated specific markers, namely CD29, CD44, and CD166, but lacked CD31 and CD45 expressions. The BA-MSCs had higher clonogenic and proliferative potentials than the FA-MSCs. The BA-MSCs also showed higher osteogenic and chondrogenic potentials, but lower adipogenic capacity than the FA-MSCs. In addition, the BA-MSCs demonstrated higher chondrogenic, but lower osteogenic capacity than the BM-MSCs. Our study suggests that inhibition of the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiations of MSCs might be a promising strategy for preventing bony ankylosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Xia Liang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital; Hospital of Stomatology, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Lun Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jining Stomatological Hospital, Jining, ShanDong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital; Hospital of Stomatology, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Chen Nie
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital; Hospital of Stomatology, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong-Mei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital; Hospital of Stomatology, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital; Hospital of Stomatology, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Yuan Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital; Hospital of Stomatology, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital; Hospital of Stomatology, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Bin Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital; Hospital of Stomatology, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Enhancement of Osteoblast Differentiation Using No-Ozone Cold Plasma on Human Periodontal Ligament Cells. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111542. [PMID: 34829771 PMCID: PMC8615272 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that leads to periodontal tissue destruction and bone resorption. Proliferation and differentiation of cells capable of differentiating into osteoblasts is important for reconstructing periodontal tissues destroyed by periodontitis. In this study, the effects of the nozone (no-ozone) cold plasma (NCP) treatment on osteoblastic differentiation in periodontal ligament (PDL) cells were investigated. To test the toxicity of NCP on PDL cells, various NCP treatment methods and durations were tested, and time-dependent cell proliferation was analyzed using a water-soluble tetrazolium salts-1 assay. To determine the effect of NCP on PDL cell differentiation, the cells were provided with osteogenic media immediately after an NCP treatment to induce differentiation; the cells were then analyzed using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, an ALP activity assay, real time PCR, and Alizarin Red S staining. The NCP treatment without toxicity on PDL cells was the condition of 1-min NCP treatment immediately followed by the replacement with fresh media. NCP increased ALP, osteocalcin, osteonectin, and osteopontin expression, as well as mineralization nodule formation. NCP treatment promotes osteoblastic differentiation of PDL cells; therefore, it may be beneficial for treating periodontitis.
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Pharmacological Approaches and Regeneration of Bone Defects with Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:4593322. [PMID: 34630573 PMCID: PMC8494572 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4593322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone defects in the craniomaxillofacial skeleton vary from small periodontal defects to extensive bone loss, which are difficult to restore and can lead to extensive damage of the surrounding structures, deformities, and limited functions. Plenty of surgical regenerative procedures have been developed to reconstruct or prevent alveolar defects, based on guided bone regeneration involving the use of autogenous bone grafts or bone substituents. However, these techniques have limitations in the restoration of morphological and functional reconstruction, thus stopping disease progression but not regenerating lost tissue. Most promising candidates for regenerative therapy of maxillofacial bone defects represent postnatal stem cells, because of their replication potential in the undifferentiated state and their ability to differentiate as well. There is an increased need for using various orofacial sources of stem cells with comparable properties to mesenchymal stem cells because they are more easily available with minimally invasive procedures. In addition to the source of MSCs, another aspect affects the regeneration outcomes. Thermal, mechanical, and chemical stimuli after surgical procedures have the ability to generate pain, usually managed with pharmacological agents, mostly nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Some studies revealed that NSAIDs have no significant cytotoxic effect on bone marrow stem cells from mice, while other studies showed regulation of osteogenic and chondrogenic marker genes in MSC cells by NSAIDs and paracetamol, but no effect was observed in connection with diclofenac use. Therefore, there is a need to focus on such pharmacotherapy, capable of affecting the characteristics and properties of implanted MSCs.
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Shoushrah SH, Transfeld JL, Tonk CH, Büchner D, Witzleben S, Sieber MA, Schulze M, Tobiasch E. Sinking Our Teeth in Getting Dental Stem Cells to Clinics for Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6387. [PMID: 34203719 PMCID: PMC8232184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental stem cells have been isolated from the medical waste of various dental tissues. They have been characterized by numerous markers, which are evaluated herein and differentiated into multiple cell types. They can also be used to generate cell lines and iPSCs for long-term in vitro research. Methods for utilizing these stem cells including cellular systems such as organoids or cell sheets, cell-free systems such as exosomes, and scaffold-based approaches with and without drug release concepts are reported in this review and presented with new pictures for clarification. These in vitro applications can be deployed in disease modeling and subsequent pharmaceutical research and also pave the way for tissue regeneration. The main focus herein is on the potential of dental stem cells for hard tissue regeneration, especially bone, by evaluating their potential for osteogenesis and angiogenesis, and the regulation of these two processes by growth factors and environmental stimulators. Current in vitro and in vivo publications show numerous benefits of using dental stem cells for research purposes and hard tissue regeneration. However, only a few clinical trials currently exist. The goal of this review is to pinpoint this imbalance and encourage scientists to pick up this research and proceed one step further to translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Edda Tobiasch
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig- Strasse. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (S.H.S.); (J.L.T.); (C.H.T.); (D.B.); (S.W.); (M.A.S.); (M.S.)
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13
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Kaempferol promotes proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Life Sci 2020; 258:118143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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14
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Sabbagh J, Ghassibe-Sabbagh M, Fayyad-Kazan M, Al-Nemer F, Fahed JC, Berberi A, Badran B. Differences in osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs and SHED. J Dent 2020; 101:103413. [PMID: 32585262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are types of human dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that have emerged as an interesting and promising source of stem cells in the field of tissue engineering. The aim of this work is to isolate stem cells from DPSCs and SHED, cultivate them in vitro and compare their odontogenic differentiation potential. METHODS DPSCs and SHED were extracted from molars, premolars and canines of six healthy subjects aged 5-29 years. The cells were characterized, using flow cytometry, for mesenchymal stem cell surface markers. MTT colorimetric assay was applied to assess cell viability. Alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot were carried out to determine DPSCs and SHED osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation. RESULTS DPSCs express higher STRO-1 and CD44 levels compared to SHED. Moreover, the cells differentiate and acquire columnar shape with a level of calcium deposition and mineralization that is the same between DPSCs and SHED. ALP activity, ALP, COLI, DMP-1, DSPP, OC, and RUNX2 (osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation markers) expression levels were higher in DPSCs. CONCLUSIONS DPSCs and SHED express MSCs markers. Although both cell types had calcium deposits, DPSCs presented a higher ALP activity level. In addition, DPSCs showed higher levels of osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation markers such as COLI, DSPP, OC, RUNX2, and DMP-1. These results suggest that DPSCs are closer to the phenotype of odontoblasts than SHED and may improve the efficacy of human dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells therapeutic protocols. 'CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE' DPSCs are closer than t SHED to the phenotype of odontoblasts. This would be helpful to enable better therapeutic decisions when applying MSCs-based therapy in the field of dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Sabbagh
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Michella Ghassibe-Sabbagh
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Mohammad Fayyad-Kazan
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Hadath- Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Fatima Al-Nemer
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Hadath- Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Jean Claude Fahed
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Antoine Berberi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Bassam Badran
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Hadath- Beirut, Lebanon.
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15
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Takeuchi T, Masuno K, Umeda M, Tanaka A, Tominaga K. Palmitate induces apoptosis and inhibits osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 112:104681. [PMID: 32070866 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of palmitate on human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). DESIGN PDLSCs were isolated from the third molars of healthy adult donors, and cultured in normal or osteogenic medium supplemented with palmitate (0, 100, or 250 μM) for 21 days. Cell proliferation was evaluated by measuring the amount of formazan at 6, 24, 48, and 72 h. Apoptosis was detected by ELISA and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay at days 3 and 7. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by measuring the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, production of procollagen type I C-peptide and osteocalcin, mineralization, and mRNA expression of Runx2 at days 3, 7, 14, and 21. In addition, mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-8 was measured at day 3. RESULTS Palmitate inhibited the proliferation, ALP activity, production of procollagen type I C-peptide and osteocalcin, mineralization, and mRNA expression of Runx2 in the cultured PDLSCs. Palmitate also induced apoptosis and mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in the PDLSCs. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study demonstrate that palmitate induces apoptosis and inhibits osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. These findings may help clarify the relationship between palmitate and periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Takeuchi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Masuno
- Department of Innovations in Dental Education, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Umeda
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akio Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Tominaga
- Department of Oral Pathology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
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16
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Zhao B, Xiong Y, Zhang Y, Jia L, Zhang W, Xu X. Rutin promotes osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells through the GPR30-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:552-561. [PMID: 32036685 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220903463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rutin is one of the flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables. Recent reports have revealed that rutin is a major player in proliferation and bone development. However, data on how rutin regulates the proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), as well as the differentiation of osteogenic cells are scanty. Here, our findings showed that rutin enhanced PDLSCs proliferation, increased ALP activity, and matrix mineralization. Moreover, rutin significantly promoted the expression of osteogenic genes and elevated phosphorylated AKT and mTOR. Treatment with LY294002 reversed these effects by inhibiting PI3K. We also found that the expression levels of GPR30 were increased by rutin. Interestingly, this upregulation was not altered after the addition of LY294002. In addition, G15, a selective antagonist of GPR30, could reduce the beneficial effects induced by rutin and interfere with the modulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal transduction. Collectively, our findings revealed that rutin increased proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs through GPR30-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal transduction. Therefore, it could be deduced that rutin as a certain flavonoid possesses therapeutic value for periodontal bone regeneration and tissue engineering. Impact statement In our study, the effects and mechanisms of rutin on the osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of PDLSCs were investigated. Our findings might provide basic knowledge and guidance to understand and use rutin in the bioengineering of the periodontal tissues and regeneration of bones. The following is a short description of the main findings: rutin promotes the osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of PDLSCs; PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway mediates the effects of rutin on PDLSCs; rutin activates PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway via GPR30.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yixuan Xiong
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250012, P.R. China.,Department of Oral Implantology, the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 100191, P.R. China
| | - Linglu Jia
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
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17
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Qiu J, Wang X, Zhou H, Zhang C, Wang Y, Huang J, Liu M, Yang P, Song A. Enhancement of periodontal tissue regeneration by conditioned media from gingiva-derived or periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal stem cells: a comparative study in rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:42. [PMID: 32014015 PMCID: PMC6998241 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1546-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence has demonstrated conditioned medium (CM) from periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) improved periodontal regeneration. Gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) have been considered an alternative strategy for regenerative medicine. To determine whether GMSC-CM could promote periodontal wound healing, we compared the effects of GMSC-CM and PDLSC-CM on periodontal regeneration and the underlying mechanisms in rat periodontal defects. METHODS Cell-free CMs were collected from PDLSCs, GMSCs, and gingival fibroblasts (GFs) using ultracentrifugation (100-fold concentration). Periodontal defects were created on the buccal side of the first molar in the left mandible of 90 rats by a surgical method. Collagen membranes loaded with concentrated CMs (α-MEM, GF-CM, GMSC-CM, PDLSC-CM) were transplanted into periodontal defects. After 1, 2, and 4 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and specimens including the first molar and the surrounding tissues were separated and decalcified. Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to evaluate periodontal regeneration. Immunohistochemical staining for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-10 was conducted to analyze inflammation. Immunohistochemistry of BSP-II and Runx2 was performed to analyze osteoblast differentiation. RESULTS Histological analysis showed the amount of newly formed periodontal tissue was significantly higher in both the GMSC-CM and PDLSC-CM groups than in the other groups, with no significant difference between these two groups. At 1 and 2 weeks, the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly lower in the GMSC-CM and PDLSC-CM groups than in the other three groups, while there was no significant difference between these two groups. IL-10 expression was significantly higher in the GMSC-CM group than in the PDLSC-CM group and the other three groups. At 1, 2, and 4 weeks, BSP-II and Runx2 expressions were significantly higher in the GMSC-CM and PDLSC-CM groups than in the other three groups, with no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that GMSC-CM transplantation can significantly promote periodontal regeneration in rats and achieve the same effect as PDLSC-CM. The mechanism of periodontal regeneration may involve the regulation of inflammatory factors and the promotion of osteogenic differentiation of bone progenitor cells in the wound region by CMs from MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiling Qiu
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Haowen Zhou
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chunshu Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yijia Wang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Pishan Yang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Aimei Song
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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18
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Park CH. Biomaterial-Based Approaches for Regeneration of Periodontal Ligament and Cementum Using 3D Platforms. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4364. [PMID: 31491973 PMCID: PMC6770383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, various tissue engineering strategies have been developed for multiple tissue regeneration and integrative structure formations as well as single tissue formation in musculoskeletal complexes. In particular, the regeneration of periodontal tissues or tooth-supportive structures is still challenging to spatiotemporally compartmentalize PCL (poly-ε-caprolactone)-cementum constructs with micron-scaled interfaces, integrative tissue (or cementum) formations with optimal dimensions along the tooth-root surfaces, and specific orientations of engineered periodontal ligaments (PDLs). Here, we discuss current advanced approaches to spatiotemporally control PDL orientations with specific angulations and to regenerate cementum layers on the tooth-root surfaces with Sharpey's fiber anchorages for state-of-the-art periodontal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Ho Park
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea.
- Institute for Biomaterials Research and Development, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea.
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19
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Fan C, Ji Q, Zhang C, Xu S, Sun H, Li Z. TGF‑β induces periodontal ligament stem cell senescence through increase of ROS production. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3123-3130. [PMID: 31432132 PMCID: PMC6755147 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are vital for the regeneration of periodontal tissue. Transforming growth factor (TGF) β1, a potent stimulator of tissue regeneration, is extensive and abundant in the bone matrix. However, the effect of TGF‑β1 in periodontal differentiation remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of TGF‑β1 on human PDLSCs. PDLSCs were isolated using CD146 microbeads, and characterized by flow cytometry. The present study demonstrated that treatment with TGF‑β1 induced PDLSC senescence, characterized by increases in senescence‑associated beta‑galactosidase activity and elevation of both p16 and p21 expression. Furthermore, TGF‑β1 treatment demonstrated the capacity to induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Of note, addition of a ROS scavenger successfully rescued the TGF‑β1‑induced PDLSC senescence. Thus, the present results indicated that TGF‑β1 may serve a vital role in PDLSC senescence, and thus represent a potential target involved in the fabrication and formation of hard tissue for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Fan
- Department of Periodontology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Qiuxia Ji
- Department of Periodontology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Xu
- Department of Periodontology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Key Laboratory, Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
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20
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Francis M, Pandya M, Gopinathan G, Lyu H, Ma W, Foyle D, Nares S, Luan X. Histone Methylation Mechanisms Modulate the Inflammatory Response of Periodontal Ligament Progenitors. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:1015-1025. [PMID: 31218921 PMCID: PMC6661920 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory conditions affect periodontal ligament (PDL) homeostasis and diminish its regenerative capacity. The complexity of biological activities during an inflammatory response depends on genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. To characterize the epigenetic changes in response to periodontal pathogens we have focused on histone lysine methylation as a relatively stable chromatin modification involved in the epigenetic activation and repression of transcription and a prime candidate mechanism responsible for the exacerbated and prolonged response of periodontal cells and tissues to dental plaque biofilm. To determine the effect of inflammatory conditions on histone methylation profiles, related gene expression and cellular functions of human periodontal ligament (hPDL) progenitor cells, a hPDL cell culture system was subjected to bacterial cell wall toxin exposure [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)]. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-on-chip analysis revealed that healthy PDL cells featured high enrichment levels for the active H3K4me3 mark at COL1A1, COL3, and RUNX2 gene promoters, whereas there were high occupancy levels for the repressive H3K27me3 marks at DEFA4, CCL5, and IL-1β gene promoters. In response to LPS, H3K27me3 enrichment increased on extracellular matrix and osteogenesis lineage gene promoters, whereas H3K4me3 enrichment increased on the promoters of inflammatory response genes, suggestive of an involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in periodontal lineage differentiation and in the coordination of the periodontal inflammatory response. On a gene expression level, LPS treatment downregulated COL1A1, COL3A1, and RUNX2 expression and upregulated CCL5, DEFA4, and IL-1β gene expression. LPS also greatly affected PDL progenitor function, including a reduction in proliferation and differentiation potential and an increase in cell migration capacity. Confirming the role of epigenetic mechanisms in periodontal inflammatory conditions, our studies highlight the significant role of histone methylation mechanisms and modification enzymes in the inflammatory response to LPS bacterial cell wall toxins and periodontal stem cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marybeth Francis
- Department of Periodontics, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
- Department of Oral Biology, UIC College of Dentistry, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mirali Pandya
- Department of Periodontics, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Gokul Gopinathan
- Department of Periodontics, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Huling Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatological Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Deborah Foyle
- Department of Periodontics, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Salvadore Nares
- Department of Periodontics, UIC College of Dentistry, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xianghong Luan
- Department of Periodontics, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
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Yoo SY, Lee JS, Cha JK, Kim SK, Kim CS. Periodontal healing using a collagen matrix with periodontal ligament progenitor cells in a dehiscence defect model in beagle dogs. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2019; 49:215-227. [PMID: 31485372 PMCID: PMC6713806 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2019.49.4.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To histologically characterize periodontal healing at 8 weeks in surgically created dehiscence defects in beagle dogs that received a collagen matrix with periodontal ligament (PDL) progenitor cells. Methods The bilateral maxillary premolars and first molars in 6 animals were used. Standardized experimental dehiscence defects were made on the buccal side of 3 premolars, and primary culturing of PDL progenitor cells was performed on the molars. Collagen matrix was used as a scaffold and a delivery system for PDL progenitor cells. The experimental sites were grafted with collagen matrix (COL), PDL progenitor cells with collagen matrix (COL/CELL), or left without any material (CTL). Histologic and histomorphometric analyses were performed after 8 weeks. Results The defect height from the cementoenamel junction to the most apical point of cementum removal did not significantly differ across the CTL, COL, and COL/CELL groups, at 4.57±0.28, 4.56±0.41, and 4.64±0.27 mm (mean ± standard deviation), respectively; the corresponding values for epithelial adhesion were 1.41±0.51, 0.85±0.29, and 0.30±0.41 mm (P<0.05), the heights of new bone regeneration were 1.32±0.44, 1.65±0.52, and 1.93±0.61 mm (P<0.05), and the cementum regeneration values were 1.15±0.42, 1.81±0.46, and 2.57±0.56 mm (P<0.05). There was significantly more new bone formation in the COL/CELL group than in the CTL group, and new cementum length was also significantly higher in the COL/CELL group. However, there were no significant differences in the width of new cementum among the groups. Conclusions PDL progenitor cells carried by a synthetic collagen matrix may enhance periodontal regeneration, including cementum and new bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Yoon Yoo
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Seok Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Kook Cha
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seul-Ki Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Applied Life Science, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Sung Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Applied Life Science, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Iwasaki K, Komaki M, Akazawa K, Nagata M, Yokoyama N, Watabe T, Morita I. Spontaneous differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells into myofibroblast during ex vivo expansion. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:20377-20391. [PMID: 30963561 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is characterized by the chronic inflammation and destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. Periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC) is the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) population isolated from periodontal ligament, which is the key tissue for regeneration of periodontal tissues. Although transplantation of PDLSCs is proposed as novel regenerative therapy, limited information is available, regarding the characteristic change of PDLSCs during ex vivo expansion. In this study, we encountered morphological change of PDLSCs during standard cell culture and aimed to investigate the change of PDLSCs in stem cell characteristics and to search for the culture condition to maintain stem cell properties. Characteristics of PDLSCs were examined using in vitro osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation. Myofibroblast differentiation was confirmed using immunohistochemistry and collagen gel contraction assay. Replicative senescence was examined by β-gal staining. PDLSCs changed their morphology from spindle to flat and wide during ex vivo expansion. After the morphological change, PDLSCs showed several features of myofibroblast including extensive stress fiber formation, contraction activity, and myofibroblast marker expression. Upon the morphological change, osteoblastic and adipocyte differentiation capacity were reduced and expression of stem cell-related genes were decreased. β-Gal staining was not always correlated with the morphological change of PDLSCs. Moreover, exogenous addition of bFGF and PDGF-BB served to maintain spindle shape and osteoblastic differentiation potential of PDLSCs. This study demonstrates that spontaneous differentiation of PDLSCs during ex vivo expansion and may provide the important information of cell culture condition of PDLSCs for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Iwasaki
- Institute of Dental Research, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Nanomedicine (DNP), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motohiro Komaki
- Department of Nanomedicine (DNP), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,Yokohama Clinic, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keiko Akazawa
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mizuki Nagata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Yokoyama
- Biomaterial Laboratory, Research and Development Center, Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd., Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Watabe
- Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Rafatjou R, Amiri I, Janeshin A. Effect of Calcium-enriched Mixture (CEM) cement on increasing mineralization in stem cells from the dental pulps of human exfoliated deciduous teeth. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2018. [DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2018.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background.Stem cells isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are highly capable of proliferation and differentiation into odontogenic, osteogenic, adipose tissue and neural cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CEM cement on increasing mineralization in stem cells of exfoliated deciduous teeth. Methods.Dental pulps were isolated from extracted exfoliating primary teeth and immersed in a digestive solution. The dental pulp cells were immersed in α-MEM (modified culture medium) and 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) was added. The culture cells were used for mineral deposit formation after the third passage. The cells were cultured in osteogenic cell culture medium in the control group and in osteogenic culture medium supplemented with CEM cement in the case group. Alizarin red staining was used to evaluate the mineral deposit formation on day 21. Statistical significance was determined with t-test. Results.Quantification of alizarin red staining showed that cells exposed to CEM cement induced more mineralized nodules (P=0.03). Conclusion.Mineral deposit formation in SHEDs was stimulated by CEM cement. Based on these data it might be suggested that CEM could improve osteoblastic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Rafatjou
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Amiri
- Department of Anatomy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Atousa Janeshin
- Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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24
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Rafatjou R, Amiri I, Janeshin A. Effect of Calcium-enriched Mixture (CEM) cement on increasing mineralization in stem cells from the dental pulps of human exfoliated deciduous teeth. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2018; 12:233-237. [PMID: 30774787 PMCID: PMC6368943 DOI: 10.15171/jpid.2018.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Stem cells isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are highly capable of proliferation and differentiation into odontogenic, osteogenic, adipose tissue and neural cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CEM cement on increasing mineralization in stem cells of exfoliated deciduous teeth.
Methods. Dental pulps were isolated from extracted exfoliating primary teeth and immersed in a digestive solution. The dental pulp cells were immersed in α-MEM (modified culture medium) and 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) was added. The culture cells were used for mineral deposit formation after the third passage. The cells were cultured in osteogenic cell culture medium in the control group and in osteogenic culture medium supplemented with CEM cement in the case group. Alizarin red staining was used to evaluate the mineral deposit formation on day 21. Statistical significance was determined with t-test.
Results. Quantification of alizarin red staining showed that cells exposed to CEM cement induced more mineralized nodules (P=0.03).
Conclusion. Mineral deposit formation in SHEDs was stimulated by CEM cement. Based on these data it might be suggested that CEM could improve osteoblastic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Rafatjou
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Amiri
- Department of Anatomy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Atousa Janeshin
- Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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25
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Gugjoo MB, Amarpal. Mesenchymal stem cell research in sheep: Current status and future prospects. Small Rumin Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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26
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Xiang L, Zhang X, Yu H, Wang B, Lin Z, Gong P. Overexpression of αCGRP promotes osteogenesis of periodontal ligament cells by regulation of YAP signaling. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5077-5085. [PMID: 30256408 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Department of Oral Implantology West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Department of Oral Implantology West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Hui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Department of Oral Implantology West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Zhihui Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Department of Oral Implantology West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Ping Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Department of Oral Implantology West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
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27
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Chopra H, Liao C, Zhang CF, Pow EHN. Lapine periodontal ligament stem cells for musculoskeletal research in preclinical animal trials. J Transl Med 2018; 16:174. [PMID: 29929550 PMCID: PMC6013849 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1551-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) have been shown to be a reliable source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). On the other hand, rabbits have been commonly used in preclinical trials for musculoskeletal research. However, there is a lack of sufficient data on using rabbit periodontal ligament stem cells (rPDLSCs) for regenerative dentistry. This study, for the first time, comprehensively compared rPDLSCs against hPDLSCs in terms of clonogenicity, growth potential, multi-differential capacity and surface antigens. Methods Periodontal ligament (PDL) was obtained from the rabbit and human teeth. rPDL and hPDL cells were isolated from PDL using enzymatic digestion method. After culturing for 2 weeks, the cells were first analyzed microscopically. STRO-1+CD146+ PDLSCs were then sorted from PDL cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) followed by examination of CD34, CD45, CD90, vimentin and desmin markers. The cells were also evaluated by immunohistocytochemical and multi-differentiation potential tests. The clonogenicity and growth of PDL cells were analyzed by Independent T test and 2-way repeated measures ANOVA respectively. Results rPDL cells were broader and less elongated as compared to hPDL cells. STRO-1+CD146+ hPDLSCs were isolated from hPDL cells but not from the rPDL cells. Therefore, heterogeneous population of rabbit and human PDL cells were subsequently used for latter comparative studies. FACS analysis and immunohistocytochemistry revealed that rPDL cells were partially positive for STRO-1 as compared to hPDL cells. Furthermore, both rPDL cells and hPDL cells were positive for CD146, CD90, vimentin, and desmin, while negative for CD34 and CD45. No difference in clonogenicity between rPDL and hPDL cells was found (p > 0.05). The proliferative potential of rPDL cells displayed significantly slower growth as compared to hPDL cells (p < 0.05). Osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation potential was comparatively less in rPDL cells than that of hPDL cells, but the neurogenic differential potential was similar. Conclusion Although rPDL cells manifested variable differences in expression of stem cell markers and multi-differential potential as compared to hPDL cells, they demonstrated the attributes of stemness. Further studies are also required to validate if the regenerative potential of rPDL cells is similar to rPDLSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chopra
- Discipline of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - C Liao
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - C F Zhang
- Discipline of Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - E H N Pow
- Discipline of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China. .,3/F, The Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China.
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28
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He Y, Gan X, Zhang L, Liu B, Zhu Z, Li T, Zhu J, Chen J, Yu H. CoCl 2 induces apoptosis via a ROS-dependent pathway and Drp1-mediated mitochondria fission in periodontal ligament stem cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 315:C389-C397. [PMID: 29768044 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00248.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen deficiency is associated with various oral diseases, including chronic periodontitis, age-related alveolar bone loss, and mechanical stress-linked cell injury from orthodontic appliances. Nevertheless, our understanding of the impact of hypoxia on periodontal tissues and its biochemical mechanism is still rudimentary. The purpose of this research was to elucidate the effects of hypoxia on the apoptosis of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in vitro and the underlying mechanism. Herein, we showed that cobalt chloride (CoCl2) triggered cell dysfunction in human PDLSCs in a concentration-dependent manner and resulted in cell apoptosis and oxidative stress overproduction and accumulation in PDLSCs. In addition, CoCl2 promoted mitochondrial fission in PDLSCs. Importantly, CoCl2 increased the expression of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), the major regulator in mitochondrial fission, in PDLSCs. Mitochondrial division inhibitor-1, pharmacological inhibition of Drp1, not only inhibited mitochondrial fission but also protected against CoCl2-induced PDLSC dysfunction, as shown by increased mitochondrial membrane potential, increased ATP level, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and decreased apoptosis. Furthermore, N-acety-l-cysteine, a pharmacological inhibitor of ROS, also abolished CoCl2-induced expression of Drp1 and protected against CoCl2-induced PDLSC dysfunction, as shown by restored mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP level, inhibited mitochondrial fission, and decreased apoptosis. Collectively, our data provide new insights into the role of the ROS-Drp1-dependent mitochondrial pathway in CoCl2-induced apoptosis in PDLSCs, indicating that ROS and Drp1 are promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of CoCl2-induced PDLSC dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China.,West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqi Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Beilei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuoli Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Junfei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Junsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
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29
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Zeuner MT, Didenko NN, Humphries D, Stergiadis S, Morash TM, Patel K, Grimm WD, Widera D. Isolation and Characterization of Neural Crest-Derived Stem Cells From Adult Ovine Palatal Tissue. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:39. [PMID: 29696142 PMCID: PMC5904732 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult mammalian craniofacial tissues contain limited numbers of post-migratory neural crest-derived stem cells. Similar to their embryonic counterparts, these adult multipotent stem cells can undergo multi-lineage differentiation and are capable of contributing to regeneration of mesodermal and ectodermal cells and tissues in vivo. In the present study, we describe for the first time the presence of Nestin-positive neural crest-derived stem cells (NCSCs) within the ovine hard palate. We show that these cells can be isolated from the palatal tissue and are able to form neurospheres. Ovine NCSCs express the typical neural crest markers Slug and Twist, exhibit high proliferative and migratory activity and are able to differentiate into α smooth muscle cells and β-III-tubulin expressing ectodermal cells. Finally, we demonstrate that oNCSCs are capable of differentiating into osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic cells. Taken together, our results suggest that oNCSCs could be used as model cells to assess the efficacy and safety of autologous NCSC transplantation in a large animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Theres Zeuner
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolai N Didenko
- Stem Cell Lab, Department for Personalized Medicine, Scientific Innovation Centre, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia
| | - David Humphries
- Centre for Dairy Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Sokratis Stergiadis
- Animal, Dairy and Food Chain Sciences Research Group, Centre for Dairy Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Taryn M Morash
- Skeletal Muscle Development Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Ketan Patel
- Skeletal Muscle Development Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Wolf-Dieter Grimm
- Stem Cell Lab, Department for Personalized Medicine, Scientific Innovation Centre, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia.,Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Darius Widera
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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30
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Jia L, Gu W, Zhang Y, Jiang B, Qiao X, Wen Y. Activated Yes-Associated Protein Accelerates Cell Cycle, Inhibits Apoptosis, and Delays Senescence in Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:1241-1250. [PMID: 30123063 PMCID: PMC6097269 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.25115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To provide insight into the biological effects of activated Yes-associated protein (YAP) on the proliferation, apoptosis, and senescence of human periodontal ligament stem cells (h-PDLSCs). Methods: h-PDLSCs were isolated by the limiting dilution method, and their surface markers were quantified by flow cytometry. Enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP)-labeled lentiviral vector was used to activate YAP in h-PDLSCs, then qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to evaluate the expression level of YAP. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the location of YAP in h-PDLSCs. The proliferation activity was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), and the cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry. Apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin V-APC staining. Cell senescence was detected by β-galactosidase staining. Proteins in ERK, Bcl-2, and p53 signaling pathways were detected by Western blotting. Results: h-PDLSCs were isolated successfully and were positive for human mesenchymal stem cell surface markers. After YAP was activated by lentiviral vector, the mRNA and protein of YAP were highly expressed, and more YAP translocated into the nucleus. When YAP was overexpressed in h-PDLSCs, proliferation activity was improved; early and late apoptosis rates decreased (P<0.05); the proportion of cells in G2/M phases increased (P<0.05), while that in G0/G1 phase decreased (P<0.05); cellular senescence was delayed (P<0.01); the expression of P-MEK, P-ERK, P-P90RSK and P-Msk increased, while the expression of Bcl-2 family members (Bak, Bid and Bik) decreased. Conclusions: Activated YAP promotes proliferation, inhibits apoptosis, and delays senescence of h-PDLSCs. The Hippo-YAP signaling pathway can influence ERK and Bcl-2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglu Jia
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Weiting Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Baoqi Jiang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Xu Qiao
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Wen
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration, Jinan, China
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31
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Fawzy El-Sayed KM, Dörfer CE. Animal Models for Periodontal Tissue Engineering: A Knowledge-Generating Process. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2017; 23:900-925. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2017.0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karim M. Fawzy El-Sayed
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christof E. Dörfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
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32
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Barrera-Ortega CC, Hoz-Rodríguez L, Arzate H, Fonseca-García A, Pérez-Alvarez J, Rodil SE. Comparison of the osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic and cementogenic differentiation potential of periodontal ligament cells cultured on different biomaterials. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 76:1075-1084. [PMID: 28482471 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that the cellular responses such as adhesion, proliferation and differentiation are influenced by the surface properties, such as the topography or the surface energy. However, less is known about the effect of the chemical composition and type of material on the differentiation potential. The objective of the present paper is to compare the differentiation potential of periodontal ligament cells (HPLC) into adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondroblasts and cementoblasts of three type of materials (metals, ceramics and polymers) without using any biological induction media, but keeping the average roughness values within a limited range of 2.0-3.0μm. The samples were produced as discs of 14×2mm; (n=30 for each type of material). Two samples of each type were chosen; stainless-steel 316L and commercially pure titanium for the metallic samples. The polymers were polymethyl methacrylate and high-density polyethylene, and finally for the ceramics; zirconia and dental porcelain were used. The surfaces properties of the samples (wettability, chemical composition and point of zero charge, PZC) were measured in order to correlate them with the biological response. To evaluate the potential of differentiation, human periodontal ligament cells obtained from extracted teeth were used since they are a promising source for periodontal tissue regeneration. Cell proliferation was initially tested to assure non-toxic effects using a viability colorimetric assay. Finally, the differentiation pattern was evaluated using real time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction for 5, 10 and 15days without adding any induction medium. The results indicated that the relative expression of genes related to a particular phenotype were different for each surface. However, not clear correlation between the type of material or their surface properties (morphology, chemical composition, wettability or point of zero charge) and the expression pattern could be identified. For example, bone markers were mainly expressed on cpTi and PMMA; one metallic hydrophobic and one polymeric hydrophilic sample which have similar Ra values but presented different topographical features, although both samples have in common a PZC below 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Barrera-Ortega
- Laboratorio de Biología Periodontal, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México CDMX, México; Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, UNAM, Unidad de Posgrado, Zona Cultural de Ciudad Universitaria, México CDMX 04510, México
| | - L Hoz-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Biología Periodontal, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México CDMX, México
| | - H Arzate
- Laboratorio de Biología Periodontal, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México CDMX, México
| | - A Fonseca-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México CDMX, México; Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, UNAM, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio C, Piso 1, Zona Cultural de CU, México CDMX 04510, México
| | - J Pérez-Alvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México CDMX, México
| | - S E Rodil
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México CDMX, México.
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Wolf M, Lossdörfer S, Marciniak J, Römer P, Kirschneck C, Craveiro R, Deschner J, Jäger A. CD8+ T cells mediate the regenerative PTH effect in hPDL cells via Wnt10b signaling. Innate Immun 2017; 22:674-681. [PMID: 28071181 DOI: 10.1177/1753425916669417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It was the aim of the present investigation to examine whether the stimulating effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cell proliferation and differentiation would be enhanced by hPDL/T-cell interaction involving Wnt10b signaling as a mediating pathway. hPDL cells were cultured from healthy premolar tissues of three adolescent orthodontic patients and exposed to PTH(1-34) in monocultures or co-cultures with CD8+ T cells. At harvest, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase-specific activity (ALP), and osteocalcin production were determined by immunofluorescence cytochemistry, real-time PCR, biochemical assay, and ELISA. Wnt10b signaling was analyzed by the use of a specific WNT10b neutralizing antibody. PTH(1-34) stimulation of T cells significantly increased Wnt10b expression and production. Wnt10b exposure of hPDL cells enhanced proliferation and differentiation. PDL cells co-cultured with T cells showed a Wnt10b-dependent regulation of proliferation and differentiation parameters. The addition of a Wnt10b-neutralizing Ab to the co-culture medium resulted in a significant inhibition of the PTH(1-34) effect on proliferation, ALP-specific activity, and osteocalcin protein expression. Our findings provide novel insight into the mechanism of action of PTH on hPDL cells and establish the interplay of T cells and hPDL cells via the Wnt10b pathway as a modulating factor for the anabolic properties of the hormone in periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wolf
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, Germany.,2 Department of Orthodontics, University of Jena, Germany
| | | | - Jana Marciniak
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Piero Römer
- 3 Department of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Rogerio Craveiro
- 4 Clinic for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - James Deschner
- 5 Experimental Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Jäger
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, Germany
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Hao Y, Ge Y, Li J, Hu Y, Wu B, Fang F. Identification of MicroRNAs by Microarray Analysis and Prediction of Target Genes Involved in Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. J Periodontol 2017; 88:1105-1113. [PMID: 28598283 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2017.170079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) remain largely unexplored. In this study, the underlying molecular mechanism of osteogenic differentiation in hPDLSCs is investigated using miRNA profiling. METHODS The miRNA expression profile during osteogenic differentiation was analyzed using a microarray. Target genes of miRNAs with at least two-fold change in expression (P <0.05) were predicted by bioinformatics. Six miRNAs with osteogenesis-related target genes were validated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Expression of 116 miRNAs was found to be altered after osteoinduction, with 30 upregulated and 86 downregulated. Thirty-one of these miRNAs (26.7%) had osteogenesis-related target genes. Changes in expression levels of six of the 31 miRNAs (miR-654-3p, miR-4288, miR-34c-5p, miR-218-5p, miR-663a, and miR-874-3p) were validated by qRT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS Significant alterations in miRNA expression profiles were observed during osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. These results imply that miRNAs may have regulatory effects on this process by targeting osteogenesis-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Hao
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihong Ge
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjia Li
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanwei Hu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuchun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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35
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Trubiani O, D'Arcangelo C, Di Iorio D, Di Nardo Di Maio F, Caputi S. Dental Pulp Stem Cells Bioadhesivity: Evaluation on Mineral-Trioxide-Aggregate. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2017; 20:81-6. [PMID: 17897508 DOI: 10.1177/039463200702001s16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the capacity to self-renew. They have been discovered in many adult tissues, including teeth. Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells (DP-MSCs) are involved in dental repair by activation of growth factors, released after caries and have the ability to regenerate a dentin-pulp-like complex. The molecular/cellular research gives the possibility to grow new tissues and biological structures for clinical applications, providing cells for therapies including cell transplantation and tissue engineering. In this study DP-MSCs were derived from dental pulp of 10 donors. To evaluate material toxicity, after in vitro isolation, the cells were seeded on mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Initial light microscopy investigation of cells revealed no signs of cell death due to toxicity or infection, on the contrary the scaffolds supplied an excellent support for cell structures, the cells proliferated and adhered to substrate. Similar observation was seen in scanning electron microscopy, in particular the cells had proliferated and spread, covering a considerable part of the surface of the biomaterials investigated, with an elaborate form of attachment, in fact, the cells formed a continuous layer on the upper surface of the MTA. In conclusion, the aim of this study is to demonstrate that DP-MSCs combined with MTA could be a potential source for regenerative medicine, encouraging further study to evaluate the new dentin formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Trubiani
- Department of Stomatology and Oral Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
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36
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Tassi SA, Sergio NZ, Misawa MYO, Villar CC. Efficacy of stem cells on periodontal regeneration: Systematic review of pre-clinical studies. J Periodontal Res 2017; 52:793-812. [PMID: 28394043 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review aims to evaluate mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) periodontal regenerative potential in animal models. MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS databases were searched for quantitative pre-clinical controlled animal model studies that evaluated the effect of local administration of MSC on periodontal regeneration. The systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement guidelines. Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Periodontal defects were surgically created in all studies. In seven studies, periodontal inflammation was experimentally induced following surgical defect creation. Differences in defect morphology were identified among the studies. Autogenous, alogenous and xenogenous MSC were used to promote periodontal regeneration. These included bone marrow-derived MSC, periodontal ligament (PDL)-derived MSC, dental pulp-derived MSC, gingival margin-derived MSC, foreskin-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, adipose tissue-derived MSC, cementum-derived MSC, periapical follicular MSC and alveolar periosteal cells. Meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneities in study designs. In most of the studies, local MSC implantation was not associated with adverse effects. The use of bone marrow-derived MSC for periodontal regeneration yielded conflicting results. In contrast, PDL-MSC consistently promoted increased PDL and cementum regeneration. Finally, the adjunct use of MSC improved the regenerative outcomes of periodontal defects treated with membranes or bone substitutes. Despite the quality level of the existing evidence, the current data indicate that the use of MSC may provide beneficial effects on periodontal regeneration. The various degrees of success of MSC in periodontal regeneration are likely to be related to the use of heterogeneous cells. Thus, future studies need to identify phenotypic profiles of highly regenerative MSC populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Tassi
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - N Z Sergio
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Y O Misawa
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C C Villar
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Dental School, San Antonio, TX, USA
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37
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Ovine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Morphologic, Phenotypic and Functional Characterization for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171231. [PMID: 28141815 PMCID: PMC5283731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Knowledge of ovine mesenchymal stromal cells (oMSCs) is currently expanding. Tissue engineering combining scaffolding with oMSCs provides promising therapies for the treatment of osteochondral diseases. PURPOSE The aim was to isolate and characterize oMSCs from bone marrow aspirates (oBMSCs) and to assess their usefulness for osteochondral repair using β-tricalcium phosphate (bTCP) and type I collagen (Col I) scaffolds. METHODS Cells isolated from ovine bone marrow were characterized morphologically, phenotypically, and functionally. oBMSCs were cultured with osteogenic medium on bTCP and Col I scaffolds. The resulting constructs were evaluated by histology, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy studies. Furthermore, oBMSCs were cultured on Col I scaffolds to develop an in vitro cartilage repair model that was assessed using a modified International Cartilage Research Society (ICRS) II scale. RESULTS oBMSCs presented morphology, surface marker pattern and multipotent capacities similar to those of human BMSCs. oBMSCs seeded on Col I gave rise to osteogenic neotissue. Assessment by the modified ICRS II scale revealed that fibrocartilage/hyaline cartilage was obtained in the in vitro repair model. CONCLUSIONS The isolated ovine cells were demonstrated to be oBMSCs. oBMSCs cultured on Col I sponges successfully synthesized osteochondral tissue. The data suggest that oBMSCs have potential for use in preclinical models prior to human clinical studies.
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Chalisserry EP, Nam SY, Park SH, Anil S. Therapeutic potential of dental stem cells. J Tissue Eng 2017; 8:2041731417702531. [PMID: 28616151 PMCID: PMC5461911 DOI: 10.1177/2041731417702531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell biology has become an important field in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering therapy since the discovery and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells. Stem cell populations have also been isolated from human dental tissues, including dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, stem cells from apical papilla, dental follicle progenitor cells, and periodontal ligament stem cells. Dental stem cells are relatively easily obtainable and exhibit high plasticity and multipotential capabilities. The dental stem cells represent a gold standard for neural-crest-derived bone reconstruction in humans and can be used for the repair of body defects in low-risk autologous therapeutic strategies. The bioengineering technologies developed for tooth regeneration will make substantial contributions to understand the developmental process and will encourage future organ replacement by regenerative therapies in a wide variety of organs such as the liver, kidney, and heart. The concept of developing tooth banking and preservation of dental stem cells is promising. Further research in the area has the potential to herald a new dawn in effective treatment of notoriously difficult diseases which could prove highly beneficial to mankind in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elna Paul Chalisserry
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung Yun Nam
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sang Hyug Park
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sukumaran Anil
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are a unique population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that demonstrate the capacity to generate cementum- and periodontal ligament-like structures in vivo. As such, PDLSCs represent a promising cell-based therapy in reconstructive dentistry for the treatment of periodontal disease. The present chapter describes two methods for isolating PDLSCs from human PDL tissue including traditional plastic adherence, and immunomagnetic selection based on the expression of MSC-associated surface markers STRO-1 antigen, CD146 (MUC-18), CD29 (Integrin β-1), CD44, and CD106 (VCAM-1). Although no single antibody demonstrates specificity for MSCs, isolation based on expression of individual markers results in homogenous preparations of PDLSCs. Methods to further characterize the immunophenotype and multipotent capacity of PDLSCs to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblast-, and cementoblast-like cells in vitro, and cementum- and periodontal ligament-like tissues in vivo, are also described.
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Wen Y, Ji Y, Zhang Y, Jiang B, Tang C, Wang Q, Chen X, Jia L, Gu W, Xu X. Knockdown of Yes-Associated Protein Induces the Apoptosis While Inhibits the Proliferation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells through Crosstalk between Erk and Bcl-2 Signaling Pathways. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:1231-1240. [PMID: 29104479 PMCID: PMC5666556 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.20504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide an insight into the biological effects of knockdown Yes-associated protein (YAP) on the proliferation and apoptosis of human periodontal ligament stem cells (h-PDLSCs). Methods: Immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to evaluate Hippo-YAP signaling expression level. Enhanced green fluorescence protein lentiviral vector was constructed to down-regulate YAP in h-PDLSCs. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the interfering efficiency of YAP expression. The proliferation activity was detected by EdU staining. Analysis of apoptosis in h-PDLSCs was done through Annexin V-APC staining, while cell cycle analysis was detected by flow cytometry. Cellular senescence was analyzed by β-galactosidase activity detection. The expression of elements in signaling pathways related with proliferation and apoptosis was detected by Western blot. Results: YAP was located in nucleus and cytoplasm. After the lentivirus transfection, the expression of YAP mRNA and protein was significantly reduced (P<0.001). When YAP was knocked down, the proliferation activity of h-PDLSCs was inhibited; the early & late apoptosis rates increased; the proportion of cells in G1 phases increased (P<0.05), while that in G2 and S phase decreased (P<0.05); cellular senescence was accelerated (P<0.01); ERK and its target proteins P-P90RSK and P-MEK were reduced while Bcl-2 family members increased. Conclusion: Knockdown of YAP inhibits the proliferation activity and induces apoptosis of h-PDLSCs with the involvement of Hippo pathway and has a crosstalk between Erk and Bcl-2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wen
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration , Jinan, China
| | - Yawen Ji
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration , Jinan, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration , Jinan, China
| | - Baoqi Jiang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration , Jinan, China
| | - Cuizhu Tang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration , Jinan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration , Jinan, China
| | - Xiyan Chen
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration , Jinan, China
| | - Linglu Jia
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration , Jinan, China
| | - Weiting Gu
- Qilu hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration , Jinan, China
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41
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Huang L, Salmon B, Yin X, Helms JA. From restoration to regeneration: periodontal aging and opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Periodontol 2000 2016; 72:19-29. [PMID: 27501489 PMCID: PMC6190904 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
With the march of time our bodies start to wear out: eyesight fades, skin loses its elasticity, teeth and bones become more brittle and injuries heal more slowly. These universal features of aging can be traced back to our stem cells. Aging has a profound effect on stem cells: DNA mutations naturally accumulate over time and our bodies have evolved highly specialized mechanisms to remove these damaged cells. Whilst obviously beneficial, this repair mechanism also reduces the pool of available stem cells and this, in turn, has a dramatic effect on tissue homeostasis and on our rate of healing. Simply put: fewer stem cells means a decline in tissue function and slower healing. Despite this seemingly intractable situation, research over the past decade now demonstrates that some of the effects of aging are reversible. Nobel prize-winning research demonstrates that old cells can become young again, and lessons learned from these experiments-in-a-dish are now being translated into human therapies. Scientists and clinicians around the world are identifying and characterizing methods to activate stem cells to reinvigorate the body's natural regenerative process. If this research in dental regenerative medicine pans out, the end result will be tissue homeostasis and healing back to the levels we appreciated when we were young.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Huang
- Orthodontic Department, Stomatology Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and Biomedical Sciences; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Benjamin Salmon
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Dental School, University Paris Descartes PRES Sorbonne Paris Cite, EA 2496, Montrouge, France and AP-HP Odontology Department Bretonneau, Hopitaux Universitaires Paris Nord Val de Seine, Paris, France
| | - Xing Yin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jill A. Helms
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
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Pisciolaro RL, Duailibi MT, Novo NF, Juliano Y, Pallos D, Yelick PC, Vacanti JP, Ferreira LM, Duailibi SE. Tooth Tissue Engineering: The Importance of Blood Products as a Supplement in Tissue Culture Medium for Human Pulp Dental Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 21:2639-48. [PMID: 26414682 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the goals in using cells for tissue engineering (TE) and cell therapy consists of optimizing the medium for cell culture. The present study compares three different blood product supplements for improved cell proliferation and protection against DNA damage in cultured human dental pulp stem cells for tooth TE applications. Human cells from dental pulp were first characterized as adult stem cells (ectomesenchymal mixed origin) by flow cytometry. Next, four different cell culture conditions were tested: I, supplement-free; II, supplemented with fetal bovine serum; III, allogeneic human serum; and IV, autologous human serum. Cultured cells were then characterized for cell proliferation, mineralized nodule formation, and colony-forming units (CFU) capability. After 28 days in culture, the comet assay was performed to assess possible damage in cellular DNA. Our results revealed that Protocol IV achieved higher cell proliferation than Protocol I (p = 0.0112). Protocols II and III resulted in higher cell proliferation than Protocol I, but no statistical differences were found relative to Protocol IV. The comet assay revealed less cell damage in cells cultured using Protocol IV as compared to Protocols II and III. The damage percentage observed on Protocol II was significantly higher than all other protocols. CFUs capability was highest using Protocol IV (p = 0.0018) and III, respectively, and the highest degree of mineralization was observed using Protocol IV as compared to Protocols II and III. Protocol IV resulted in significantly improved cell proliferation, and no cell damage was observed. These results demonstrate that human blood product supplements can be used as feasible supplements for culturing adult human dental stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Luiz Pisciolaro
- 1 CTCMol, Center of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil .,2 Translational Surgery, Surgery Department, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Talarico Duailibi
- 1 CTCMol, Center of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil .,2 Translational Surgery, Surgery Department, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil .,3 National Institute of Science and Technology, Biofabrication Institute, BIOFABRIS, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Neil Ferreira Novo
- 2 Translational Surgery, Surgery Department, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil .,4 Health Science Department, UNISA, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yara Juliano
- 2 Translational Surgery, Surgery Department, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil .,4 Health Science Department, UNISA, São Paulo, Brazil .,5 Dentistry Department, UNISA, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Pamela Crotty Yelick
- 6 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph Phillip Vacanti
- 7 Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Organ Fabrication, Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Surgery, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Silvio Eduardo Duailibi
- 1 CTCMol, Center of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil .,2 Translational Surgery, Surgery Department, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil .,3 National Institute of Science and Technology, Biofabrication Institute, BIOFABRIS, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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43
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Dias RP, Teixeira MF, Costa EC, Farias AC, Azevedo DA, Aguiar TD, Pinheiro MA. Potential for in vitro mesoderm differentiation of Wharton's jelly cells from ovine umbilical cord isolated in different culture media. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2016001300012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract: The mammalian Wharton's jelly of umbilical cord (WJUC) is a promising source of multipotent cells, providing advantages due to ethical implications, ease of collection and the absence of teratomas in pre-clinical trials. Ovine multipotent cells have already been isolated from various tissues, however there are no reports using umbilical cords in this species. This study aimed to investigate the best medium to transport the umbilical cord, to isolate and maintain ovine WJUC cells and to compare in vitro growth and mesodermal differentiation potential. Eight ovine umbilical cords were obtained during parturition, sectioned and transported in six different media: MEM, low glucose DMEM, M199, RPMI 1640, PBS and saline. For each transportation medium, four culture media were used and the tissue was explanted in 24-well plates and cultured in MEM, low glucose DMEM, M199 and RPMI 1640, all with 10% FBS. Every experiment was conducted with low-passage (P2), investigating MTT viability during four days and adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenesis differentiation was induced in vitro. The most effective transport medium (p<0.1) was low glucose DMEM. There was no bacterial or fungal contamination from collection. Cells from Wharton's jelly of ovine umbilical cords collected at natural birth possess fibroblastic morphology and the capacity for in vitro differentiation into adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic cell lines. MTT tests and in vitro differentiation experiments revealed that cell culture medium modulates the behavior of cells and is an important factor for proliferation and maintenance of multipotency. Low glucose DMEM was the most suitable medium for the isolation of cells from Wharton's jelly of ovine umbilical cord.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Edmara C. Costa
- Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Brazil
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44
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An Y, Liu W, Xue P, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Jin Y. Increased autophagy is required to protect periodontal ligament stem cells from apoptosis in inflammatory microenvironment. J Clin Periodontol 2016; 43:618-25. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying An
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Center for Tissue Engineering; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Wenjia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Center for Tissue Engineering; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Peng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Center for Tissue Engineering; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Center for Tissue Engineering; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Qintao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Center for Tissue Engineering; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi China
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Amorim BR, Silvério KG, Casati MZ, Sallum EA, Kantovitz KR, Nociti FH. Neuropilin Controls Endothelial Differentiation by Mesenchymal Stem Cells From the Periodontal Ligament. J Periodontol 2016; 87:e138-47. [PMID: 26962679 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal ligament (PDL) has been reported to be a source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).New vascular networks from undifferentiated cells are essential for repair/regeneration of specialized tissues, including PDL. The current study aims to determine potential of CD105(+)-enriched cell subsets of periodontal ligament cells (PDLSCs) to differentiate into endothelial cell (EC)-like cells and to give insights into the mechanism involved. METHODS CD105(+)-enriched PDLSCs were induced to EC differentiation by endothelial growth medium 2 (EGM-2) for 3, 7, 14, and 21 days, with mRNA/protein levels and functional activity assessed by: 1) real-time polymerase chain reaction; 2) Western blotting; 3) fluorescence-activated cell sorting; 4) immunohistochemistry; 5) immunofluorescence; 6) matrigel; and 7) small interfering RNA assays. RESULTS Data analyses demonstrated that EGM-2 treated PDLSCs presented increased expression of EC markers, including: 1) CD105; 2) kinase domain-containing receptor; and 3) Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1, and were able to form cord/tube-like structures. Gene and protein expression analysis showed that neuropilin 2 (NRP2), a key factor for vascular development, was significantly downregulated during EC differentiation. NRP2 was constitutively expressed in mouse PDL tissues by immunohistochemistry analysis, and NRP2 knockdown in CD105(+)-enriched PDLSCs resulted in increased cord/tube-like structures in a matrigel assay. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated the potential of CD105(+)-enriched PDLSCs to support angiogenesis, and NRP2 as a pivotal factor regulating this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna R Amorim
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina G Silvério
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio Z Casati
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Enilson A Sallum
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco H Nociti
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Odontogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells on Hydrogel Scaffolds Derived from Decellularized Bone Extracellular Matrix and Collagen Type I. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148225. [PMID: 26882351 PMCID: PMC4755593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on hydrogel scaffolds derived from bone extracellular matrix (bECM) in comparison to those seeded on collagen I (Col-I), one of the main components of dental pulp ECM. METHODS DPSCs isolated from human third molars were characterized for surface marker expression and odontogenic potential prior to seeding into bECM or Col-I hydrogel scaffolds. The cells were then seeded onto bECM and Col-I hydrogel scaffolds and cultured under basal conditions or with odontogenic and growth factor (GF) supplements. DPSCs cultivated on tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) with and without supplements were used as controls. Gene expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP-1) and matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE) was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and mineral deposition was observed by Von Kossa staining. RESULTS When DPSCs were cultured on bECM hydrogels, the mRNA expression levels of DSPP, DMP-1 and MEPE genes were significantly upregulated with respect to those cultured on Col-I scaffolds or TCPS in the absence of extra odontogenic inducers. In addition, more mineral deposition was observed on bECM hydrogel scaffolds as demonstrated by Von Kossa staining. Moreover, DSPP, DMP-1 and MEPE mRNA expressions of DPSCs cultured on bECM hydrogels were further upregulated by the addition of GFs or osteo/odontogenic medium compared to Col-I treated cells in the same culture conditions. SIGNIFICANCE These results demonstrate the potential of the bECM hydrogel scaffolds to stimulate odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs.
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Mao L, Liu J, Zhao J, Chang J, Xia L, Jiang L, Wang X, Lin K, Fang B. Effect of micro-nano-hybrid structured hydroxyapatite bioceramics on osteogenic and cementogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cell via Wnt signaling pathway. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:7031-44. [PMID: 26648716 PMCID: PMC4648603 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s90343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface structure of bioceramic scaffolds is crucial for its bioactivity and osteoinductive ability, and in recent years, human periodontal ligament stem cells have been certified to possess high osteogenic and cementogenic differential ability. In the present study, hydroxyapatite (HA) bioceramics with micro-nano-hybrid surface (mnHA [the hybrid of nanorods and microrods]) were fabricated via hydrothermal reaction of the α-tricalcium phosphate granules as precursors in aqueous solution, and the effects of mnHA on the attachment, proliferation, osteogenic and cementogenic differentiations of human periodontal ligament stem cells as well as the related mechanisms were systematically investigated. The results showed that mnHA bioceramics could promote cell adhesion, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and expression of osteogenic/cementogenic-related markers including runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), ALP, osteocalcin (OCN), cementum attachment protein (CAP), and cementum protein (CEMP) as compared to the HA bioceramics with flat and dense surface. Moreover, mnHA bioceramics stimulated gene expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) and β-catenin, which are the key genes of canonical Wnt signaling. Moreover, the stimulatory effect on ALP activity and osteogenic and cementogenic gene expression, including that of ALP, OCN, CAP, CEMP, and Runx2 of mnHA bioceramics could be repressed by canonical Wnt signaling inhibitor dickkopf1 (Dkk1). The results suggested that the HA bioceramics with mnHA could act as promising grafts for periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Mao
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Top Priority Clinical Medical Center of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiang Liu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Top Priority Clinical Medical Center of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinglei Zhao
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Top Priority Clinical Medical Center of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lunguo Xia
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Top Priority Clinical Medical Center of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingyong Jiang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Top Priority Clinical Medical Center of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaili Lin
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Fang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Top Priority Clinical Medical Center of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Kato H, Taguchi Y, Tominaga K, Kimura D, Yamawaki I, Noguchi M, Yamauchi N, Tamura I, Tanaka A, Umeda M. High Glucose Concentrations Suppress the Proliferation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells and Their Differentiation Into Osteoblasts. J Periodontol 2015; 87:e44-51. [PMID: 26537370 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.150474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for periodontal disease and affects various cellular functions. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) play an important role in periodontal tissue regeneration; however, the effect of hyperglycemia on PDLSCs is unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate whether hyperglycemia affects periodontal tissue regeneration, using human PDLSCs and high-glucose medium as a model of DM. METHODS PDLSCs were obtained from healthy adult human mandibular third molars. Cell proliferation, osteoblastic differentiation, and proinflammatory cytokine expression were investigated by culturing PDLSCs in media supplemented with four different glucose concentrations representative of control patients (5.5 mM), patients with postprandial or controlled DM (8.0 mM), and patients with uncontrolled DM (12.0 and 24.0 mM). The molecular effects of hyperglycemia on PDLSC physiology were examined with a focus on the nuclear factor (NF)-(κB signaling pathway. The involvement of NF-κB was investigated with a specific NF-κB inhibitor in PDLSCs under hyperglycemic conditions. RESULTS High glucose levels inhibited PDLSC proliferation and differentiation into osteoblasts but induced NF-κB activation and subsequent interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 expression. Treatment with an NF-κB inhibitor rescued the defects in cell proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation and inhibited the IL-6 expression caused by the high-glucose environment. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate that hyperglycemia inhibits human PDLSC proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Kato
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Taguchi
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Kimura
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Isao Yamawaki
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Noguchi
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Isao Tamura
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Osaka Dental University
| | - Akio Tanaka
- Department of Oral Pathology, Osaka Dental University
| | - Makoto Umeda
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
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Zaccara IM, Ginani F, Mota-Filho HG, Henriques ÁCG, Barboza CAG. Effect of low-level laser irradiation on proliferation and viability of human dental pulp stem cells. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:2259-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1803-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Zheng W, Wang S, Wang J, Jin F. Periodontitis promotes the proliferation and suppresses the differentiation potential of human periodontal ligament stem cells. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:915-22. [PMID: 26310866 PMCID: PMC4564090 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the periodontitis-associated changes in the number, proliferation and differentiation potential of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Cultures of human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) were established from healthy donors and donors with periodontitis. The numbers of stem cell were characterized using flow cytometry. PDLSCs were isolated from the PDLCs by immunomagnetic bead selection. Colony-forming abilities, osteogenic and adipogenic potential, gene expression of cementoblast phenotype, alkaline phosphatase activity and in vivo differentiation capacities were then evaluated. Periodontitis caused an increase in the proliferation of PDLSCs and a decrease in the commitment to the osteoblast lineage. This is reflected by changes in the expression of osteoblast markers. When transplanted into immunocompromised mice, PDLSCs from the healthy donors exhibited the capacity to produce cementum PDL-like structures, whereas, the inflammatory PDLSCs transplants predominantly formed connective tissues. In conclusion, the data from the present study suggest that periodontitis affects the proliferation and differentiation potential of human PDLSCs in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Department of Orthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin 300041, P.R. China
| | - Shi Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300041, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin 300041, P.R. China
| | - Fang Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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