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Xue P, Jin H, Zhou X, Cui Z, Cui D. The role of cytokine receptor-like factor 1 (CRLF1) in facet joint osteoarthritis pathogenesis. Exp Gerontol 2024; 195:112543. [PMID: 39128688 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facet joint osteoarthritis (FJOA) is a prevalent condition contributing to low back pain, particularly in the elderly population. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of Cytokine Receptor-like Factor 1 (CRLF1) in FJOA pathogenesis and its therapeutic implications. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis was utilized to identify CRLF1 as the target gene, followed by quantification of CRLF1 expression levels and joint degeneration degree using immunohistochemistry (IHC). In primary chondrocytes, the inhibition of CRLF1 expression by siRNA was performed, and Western blot analysis was conducted to evaluate the involvement of the extracellular matrix and MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Flow cytometry was employed to assess the apoptosis rate of chondrocytes, while immunofluorescence (IF) was utilized to evaluate the localization of CRLF1, cleaved-caspase3, MMP13, COL2A1, and ERK. RESULTS The expression of CRLF1 was found to be significantly elevated in FJOA tissues compared to normal tissues. Through the use of loss-of-function assays, it was determined that CRLF1 not only enhanced the rate of apoptosis in chondrocytes, but also facilitated the degradation of the extracellular matrix in vitro. Furthermore, CRLF1 was found to activate the ERK1/2 pathways. The pro-arthritic effects elicited by CRLF1 were mitigated by treatment with the MEK inhibitor U0126 in chondrocytes. CONCLUSION These results suggest that CRLF1 enhances chondrocytes apoptosis and extracellular matrix degration in FJOA and thus may therefore be a potential therapeutic target for FJOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xue
- Department of orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China; Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Huricha Jin
- Department of orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhou
- Department of orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Zhiming Cui
- Department of orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Daoran Cui
- Department of orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
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Lu Z, Wang D, Sun Y, Dai Y. ENO1 regulates IL-1β-induced chondrocyte inflammation, apoptosis and matrix degradation possibly through the potential binding to CRLF1. Tissue Cell 2024; 90:102504. [PMID: 39116531 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we aim to investigate the role of enolase 1 (ENO1) in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenic process and to uncover the underlying mechanism. To this end, we used IL-1β to induce an in vitro OA‑like chondrocyte model in human immortalized chondrocyte C-28/I2 cells. We manipulated the expression of ENO1 and cytokine receptor-like factor 1 (CRLF1) in IL-1β-induced C-28/I2 cells using siRNA and/or overexpression and tested their effects on IL-1β-induced pathologies including cell viability, apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-6 and TNF-α), and the expression of extracellular matrix-related enzymes and major mediators in the NF-κB signaling pathway (p-p65, p65, p-IκBα and IκBα). We used co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence imaging to study a possible binding between ENO1 and CRLF1. Our data showed that IL-1β induction elevated ENO1 and CRLF1 expression in C-28/I2 cells. Silencing ENO1 or CRLF1 inhibited the IL-1β-induced cell viability damage, apoptosis, inflammation, and extracellular matrix degradation. The inhibitory effect of silencing ENO1 was reversed by CRLF1 overexpression, suggesting a functional connection between ENO1 and CRLF1, which could be attributed to a binding between these two partners. Our study could help validate the role of ENO1 in OA pathogenies and identify novel therapeutic targets for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Lu
- Medical School, Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, China; Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China
| | - Yuzhe Sun
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China
| | - Yan Dai
- Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China; Medical Research Center, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, China.
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Zhang F, Clair AJ, Dankert JF, Lee YJ, Campbell KA, Kirsch T. Cytokine Receptor-like Factor 1 (CRLF1) and Its Role in Osteochondral Repair. Cells 2024; 13:757. [PMID: 38727293 PMCID: PMC11083199 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since cytokine receptor-like factor 1 (CRLF1) has been implicated in tissue regeneration, we hypothesized that CRLF1 released by mesenchymal stem cells can promote the repair of osteochondral defects. METHODS The degree of a femoral osteochondral defect repair in rabbits after intra-articular injections of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) that were transduced with empty adeno-associated virus (AAV) or AAV containing CRLF1 was determined by morphological, histological, and micro computer tomography (CT) analyses. The effects of CRLF1 on chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs or catabolic events of interleukin-1beta-treated chondrocyte cell line TC28a2 were determined by alcian blue staining, gene expression levels of cartilage and catabolic marker genes using real-time PCR analysis, and immunoblot analysis of Smad2/3 and STAT3 signaling. RESULTS Intra-articular injections of BMSCs overexpressing CRLF1 markedly improved repair of a rabbit femoral osteochondral defect. Overexpression of CRLF1 in BMSCs resulted in the release of a homodimeric CRLF1 complex that stimulated chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs via enhancing Smad2/3 signaling, whereas the suppression of CRLF1 expression inhibited chondrogenic differentiation. In addition, CRLF1 inhibited catabolic events in TC28a2 cells cultured in an inflammatory environment, while a heterodimeric complex of CRLF1 and cardiotrophin-like Cytokine (CLC) stimulated catabolic events via STAT3 activation. CONCLUSION A homodimeric CRLF1 complex released by BMSCs enhanced the repair of osteochondral defects via the inhibition of catabolic events in chondrocytes and the stimulation of chondrogenic differentiation of precursor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Zhang
- Department of Urology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA;
| | | | - John F. Dankert
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA; (J.F.D.); (Y.J.L.); (K.A.C.)
| | - You Jin Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA; (J.F.D.); (Y.J.L.); (K.A.C.)
| | - Kirk A. Campbell
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA; (J.F.D.); (Y.J.L.); (K.A.C.)
| | - Thorsten Kirsch
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA; (J.F.D.); (Y.J.L.); (K.A.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY 10010, USA
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Gerwin N, Scotti C, Halleux C, Fornaro M, Elliott J, Zhang Y, Johnson K, Shi J, Walter S, Li Y, Jacobi C, Laplanche N, Belaud M, Paul J, Glowacki G, Peters T, Wharton KA, Vostiar I, Polus F, Kramer I, Guth S, Seroutou A, Choudhury S, Laurent D, Gimbel J, Goldhahn J, Schieker M, Brachat S, Roubenoff R, Kneissel M. Angiopoietin-like 3-derivative LNA043 for cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis: a randomized phase 1 trial. Nat Med 2022; 28:2633-2645. [PMID: 36456835 PMCID: PMC9800282 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-02059-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common, debilitating, chronic disease with no disease-modifying drug approved to date. We discovered LNA043-a derivative of angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3)-as a potent chondrogenesis inducer using a phenotypic screen with human mesenchymal stem cells. We show that LNA043 promotes chondrogenesis and cartilage matrix synthesis in vitro and regenerates hyaline articular cartilage in preclinical OA and cartilage injury models in vivo. LNA043 exerts at least part of these effects through binding to the fibronectin receptor, integrin α5β1 on mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes. In a first-in-human (phase 1), randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose, single-center trial ( NCT02491281 ; sponsored by Novartis Pharmaceuticals), 28 patients with knee OA were injected intra-articularly with LNA043 or placebo (3:1 ratio) either 2 h, 7 d or 21 d before total knee replacement. LNA043 met its primary safety endpoint and showed short serum pharmacokinetics, cartilage penetration and a lack of immunogenicity (secondary endpoints). Post-hoc transcriptomics profiling of cartilage revealed that a single LNA043 injection reverses the OA transcriptome signature over at least 21 d, inducing the expression of hyaline cartilage matrix components and anabolic signaling pathways, while suppressing mediators of OA progression. LNA043 is a novel disease-modifying OA drug candidate that is currently in a phase 2b trial ( NCT04864392 ) in patients with knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Gerwin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | | | - Mara Fornaro
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jimmy Elliott
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yunyu Zhang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Jian Shi
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Walter
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yufei Li
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Jacobi
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nelly Laplanche
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Magali Belaud
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Thomas Peters
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Igor Vostiar
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florine Polus
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ina Kramer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Guth
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Didier Laurent
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jörg Goldhahn
- Institute for Translational Medicine, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Sophie Brachat
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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CRLF1 and CLCF1 in Development, Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020992. [PMID: 35055176 PMCID: PMC8780587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines and their receptors have a vital function in regulating various processes such as immune function, inflammation, haematopoiesis, cell growth and differentiation. The interaction between a cytokine and its specific receptor triggers intracellular signalling cascades that lead to altered gene expression in the target cell and consequent changes in its proliferation, differentiation, or activation. In this review, we highlight the role of the soluble type I cytokine receptor CRLF1 (cytokine receptor-like factor-1) and the Interleukin (IL)-6 cytokine CLCF1 (cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1) during development in physiological and pathological conditions with particular emphasis on Crisponi/cold-induced sweating syndrome (CS/CISS) and discuss new insights, challenges and possibilities arising from recent studies.
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Xu H, Ding C, Guo C, Xiang S, Wang Y, Luo B, Xiang H. Suppression of CRLF1 promotes the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem and protects cartilage tissue from damage in osteoarthritis via activation of miR-320. Mol Med 2021; 27:116. [PMID: 34551709 PMCID: PMC8456664 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00369-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent chronic joint disease, and is hard to be cured at present. Cytokine receptor-like factor 1 (CRLF1) has been identified as an upregulated gene in OA cartilage. However, the precise identities and functions of CRLF1 in OA progression have remained to be fully elucidated. METHODS We used a murine model of injury-induced OA (destabilization of medial meniscus, DMM) and BMSCs to investigate the specific biological functions and mechanisms of CRLF1. RESULTS We found that CRLF1 was significantly increased in the DMM surgery-induced OA model and was down-regulated during chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Luciferase reporter assays showed that CRLF1 was a direct target of miR-320 in BMSCs. miR-320 can reverse the effect of CRLF1 on cell proliferation, apoptosis and chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Furthermore, knockdown of CRLF1 or over-expression of miR-320 can inhibit the apoptosis of primary chondrocytes. CONCLUSION Suppression of CRLF1 promotes the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs and protects cartilage tissue from damage in osteoarthritis via activation of miR-320.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Changrong Ding
- Department of ECG Diagnosis, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Cuicui Guo
- Department of Sports Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shuai Xiang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yingzhen Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Bing Luo
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Hongfei Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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7
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Yao Y, Chu X, Ma M, Ye J, Wen Y, Li P, Cheng B, Cheng S, Zhang L, Liu L, Qi X, Liang C, Kafle OP, Wu C, Wang S, Wang X, Ning Y, Zhang F. Evaluate the effects of serum urate level on bone mineral density: a genome-wide gene-environment interaction analysis in UK Biobank cohort. Endocrine 2021; 73:702-711. [PMID: 34046847 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02760-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Serum urate is associated with BMD and may be a protective factor. However, the exact association and mechanism are still unclear. We performed a genome-wide gene-environmental interaction study (GWGEIS) to explore the interaction effects between gene and urate on BMD, using data from the UK Biobank cohort. METHODS A total of 4575 participants for femur total BMD, 4561 participants for L1-L4 BMD, and 237799 participants for heel BMD were included in the present study. Linear regression models were used to test for associations between urate and BMD (femur total BMD, L1-L4 BMD, heel BMD) by R software. GWGEIS was conducted by PLINK 2.0 using a generalize linear model, adjusted for age, sex, weight, smoking behavior, drinking behavior, physical activity and 10 principle components for population structure. RESULTS Results showed that urate was positively associated with femur total BMD, L1-L4 BMD and heel BMD and similar findings were observed in both the male and female subgroups. GWGEIS identified 261 genome-wide significant (P < 5.00 × 10-8) SNP × urate interaction effects for femur total BMD (rs8192585 in NOTCH4, rs116080577 in PBX1, rs9409991 in COL5A1), 17 genome-wide significant SNP × urate interaction effects for heel BMD (rs145344540 in PDE11A and rs78485379 in DKK2), 17 suggestive genome-wide SNP × urate interaction effects (P < 1.00 × 10-5) for L1-L4 BMD (rs10977015 in PTPRD). We also detected genome-wide significant and suggestive SNP × urate interaction effects for BMD in both the male and female subgroups. CONCLUSIONS This study reported several novel candidate genes, and strengthen the evidence of the interactive effects between gene and urate on the variations of BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaomeng Chu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bolun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chujun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Om Prakash Kafle
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cuiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujie Ning
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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8
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Influences of the IL-6 cytokine family on bone structure and function. Cytokine 2021; 146:155655. [PMID: 34332274 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The IL-6 family of cytokines comprises a large group of cytokines that all act via the formation of a signaling complex that includes the glycoprotein 130 (gp130) receptor. Despite this, many of these cytokines have unique roles that regulate the activity of bone forming osteoblasts, bone resorbing osteoclasts, bone-resident osteocytes, and cartilage cells (chondrocytes). These include specific functions in craniofacial development, longitudinal bone growth, and the maintenance of trabecular and cortical bone structure, and have been implicated in musculoskeletal pathologies such as craniosynostosis, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and heterotopic ossifications. This review will work systematically through each member of this family and provide an overview and an update on the expression patterns and functions of each of these cytokines in the skeleton, as well as their negative feedback pathways, particularly suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3). The specific cytokines described are interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 11 (IL-11), oncostatin M (OSM), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), cardiotrophin 1 (CT-1), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 (CLCF1), neuropoietin, humanin and interleukin 27 (IL-27).
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9
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Zheng Z, Ao X, Li P, Lian Z, Jiang T, Zhang Z, Wang L. CRLF1 Is a Key Regulator in the Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:858. [PMID: 33072735 PMCID: PMC7533558 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum (HLF) is one of the common causes of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). The key molecules and mechanisms responsible for HLF remain unclear. Here, we used an integrated transcriptome and proteomics analysis of human ligamentum flavum (LF), and subsequent immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR assays, to show upregulation of CRLF1 to be the dominant response to HLF. TGF-β1 significantly increased mRNA expression of CRLF1 through SMAD3 pathway. CRLF1 enhanced LF fibrosis via ERK signaling pathway at the post-transcriptional level and was required for the pro-fibrotic effect of TGF-β1. Knockdown of CRLF1 was shown here to reduce fibrosis caused by inflammatory cytokines and mechanical stress. Furthermore, we found that bipedal standing posture can cause HLF and upregulation of CRLF1 expression in mice LF. Overexpression of CRLF1 was indicated to cause HLF in vivo, whereas CRLF1 knockdown impeded the formation of HLF in bipedal standing mice. These results revealed a crucial role of CRLF1 in LF hypertrophy. We propose that inhibition of CRLF1 is a potential therapeutic strategy to treat HLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengnan Lian
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongmin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopadics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Shihan MH, Kanwar M, Wang Y, Jackson EE, Faranda AP, Duncan MK. Fibronectin has multifunctional roles in posterior capsular opacification (PCO). Matrix Biol 2020; 90:79-108. [PMID: 32173580 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Fibrotic posterior capsular opacification (PCO), one of the major complications of cataract surgery, occurs when lens epithelial cells (LCs) left behind post cataract surgery (PCS) undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transition, migrate into the optical axis and produce opaque scar tissue. LCs left behind PCS robustly produce fibronectin, although its roles in fibrotic PCO are not known. In order to determine the function of fibronectin in PCO pathogenesis, we created mice lacking the fibronectin gene (FN conditional knock out -FNcKO) from the lens. While animals from this line have normal lenses, upon lens fiber cell removal which models cataract surgery, FNcKO LCs exhibit a greatly attenuated fibrotic response from 3 days PCS onward as assessed by a reduction in surgery-induced cell proliferation, and fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) production and deposition. This is correlated with less upregulation of Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) and integrin signaling in FNcKO LCs PCS concomitant with sustained Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling and elevation of the epithelial cell marker E cadherin. Although the initial fibrotic response of FNcKO LCs was qualitatively normal at 48 h PCS as measured by the upregulation of fibrotic marker protein αSMA, RNA sequencing revealed that the fibrotic response was already quantitatively attenuated at this time, as measured by the upregulation of mRNAs encoding molecules that control, and are controlled by, TGFβ signaling, including many known markers of fibrosis. Most notably, gremlin-1, a known regulator of TGFβ superfamily signaling, was upregulated sharply in WT LCs PCS, while this response was attenuated in FNcKO LCs. As exogenous administration of either active TGFβ1 or gremlin-1 to FNcKO lens capsular bags rescued the attenuated fibrotic response of fibronectin null LCs PCS including the loss of SMAD2/3 phosphorylation, this suggests that fibronectin plays multifunctional roles in fibrotic PCO development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahbubul H Shihan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Mallika Kanwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Erin E Jackson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Adam P Faranda
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Melinda K Duncan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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11
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Buers I, Persico I, Schöning L, Nitschke Y, Di Rocco M, Loi A, Sahi PK, Utine GE, Bayraktar‐Tanyeri B, Zampino G, Crisponi G, Rutsch F, Crisponi L. Crisponi/cold‐induced sweating syndrome: Differential diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment concepts. Clin Genet 2019; 97:209-221. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Insa Buers
- Department of General PediatricsMünster University Children's Hospital Münster Germany
| | - Ivana Persico
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e BiomedicaConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Cagliari Italy
| | - Lara Schöning
- Department of General PediatricsMünster University Children's Hospital Münster Germany
| | - Yvonne Nitschke
- Department of General PediatricsMünster University Children's Hospital Münster Germany
| | - Maja Di Rocco
- Unit of Rare Diseases, Department of PediatricsGaslini Institute Genoa Italy
| | - Angela Loi
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e BiomedicaConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Cagliari Italy
| | - Puneet Kaur Sahi
- Department of PediatricsMaulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital New Delhi India
| | - Gulen Eda Utine
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Department of PediatricsHacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Ankara Turkey
| | | | - Giuseppe Zampino
- Department of Woman and Child Health, Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Institute of PediatricsFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Rome Italy
| | | | - Frank Rutsch
- Department of General PediatricsMünster University Children's Hospital Münster Germany
| | - Laura Crisponi
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e BiomedicaConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Cagliari Italy
- Department of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of Sassari Sassari Italy
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12
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Housman G, Havill LM, Quillen EE, Comuzzie AG, Stone AC. Assessment of DNA Methylation Patterns in the Bone and Cartilage of a Nonhuman Primate Model of Osteoarthritis. Cartilage 2019; 10:335-345. [PMID: 29457464 PMCID: PMC6585300 DOI: 10.1177/1947603518759173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) affects humans and several other animals. Thus, the mechanisms underlying this disorder, such as specific skeletal tissue DNA methylation patterns, may be evolutionary conserved. However, associations between methylation and OA have not been readily studied in nonhuman animals. Baboons serve as important models of disease and develop OA at rates similar to those in humans. Therefore, this study investigated the associations between methylation and OA in baboons to advance the evolutionary understanding of OA. DESIGN Trabecular bone and cartilage was collected from the medial condyles of adult female baboon femora, 5 with and 5 without knee OA. The Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip (450K array) was used to identify DNA methylation patterns in these tissues. RESULTS Approximately 44% of the 450K array probes reliably align to the baboon genome, contain a CpG site of interest, and maintain a wide distribution throughout the genome. Of the 2 filtering methods tested, both identified significantly differentially methylated positions (DMPs) between healthy and OA individuals in cartilage tissues, and some of these patterns overlap with those previously identified in humans. Conversely, no DMPs were found between tissue types or between disease states in bone tissues. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the 450K array can be used to measure genome-wide DNA methylation in baboon tissues and identify significant associations with complex traits. The results of this study indicate that some DNA methylation patterns associated with OA are evolutionarily conserved, while others are not. This warrants further investigation in a larger and more phylogenetically diverse sample set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Housman
- School of Human Evolution and Social
Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA,Center for Evolution and Medicine,
Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA,Genevieve Housman, Section of Genetic
Medicine, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, CLSC 317, Chicago, IL
60637, USA.
| | - Lorena M. Havill
- Southwest National Primate Research
Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ellen E. Quillen
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical
Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Anthony G. Comuzzie
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical
Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Anne C. Stone
- School of Human Evolution and Social
Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA,Center for Evolution and Medicine,
Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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13
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Freidin M, Kraatari M, Skarp S, Määttä J, Kettunen J, Niinimäki J, Karppinen J, Williams F, Männikkö M. Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies genetic locus on chromosome 9 associated with Modic changes. J Med Genet 2019; 56:420-426. [PMID: 30808802 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) is a common disabling condition. Lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) may be a contributing factor for LBP. Modic change (MC), a distinct phenotype of LDD, is presented as a pathological bone marrow signal change adjacent to vertebral endplate on MRI. It is strongly associated with LBP and has heritability around 30%. Our objective was to identify genetic loci associated with MC using a genome-wide meta-analysis. METHODS Presence of MC was evaluated in lumbar MRI in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (n=1182) and TwinsUK (n=647). Genome-wide association analyses were carried out using linear regression model. Inverse-variance weighting approach was used in the meta-analysis. RESULTS A locus associated with MC (p<5e-8) was found on chromosome 9 with the lead SNP rs1934268 in an intron of the PTPRD gene. It is located in the binding region of BCL11A, SPI1 and PBX3 transcription factors. The SNP was nominally associated with LBP in TwinsUK (p=0.001) but not associated in the UK Biobank (p=0.914). Suggestive signals (p<1e-5) were identified near XKR4, SCIN, MGMT, DLG2, ZNF184 and OPRK1. CONCLUSION PTPRD is a novel candidate gene for MC that may act via the development of cartilage or nervous system; further work is needed to define the mechanisms underlying the pathways leading to development of MC. This is the first genome-wide meta-analysis of MC, and the results pave the way for further studies on the genetic factors underlying the various features of spine degeneration and LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Freidin
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Minna Kraatari
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sini Skarp
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juhani Määttä
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johannes Kettunen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Niinimäki
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaro Karppinen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu, Finland
| | - Frances Williams
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Minna Männikkö
- Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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14
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den Hollander W, Pulyakhina I, Boer C, Bomer N, van der Breggen R, Arindrarto W, Couthino de Almeida R, Lakenberg N, Sentner T, Laros JFJ, ‘t Hoen PAC, Slagboom EPE, Nelissen RGHH, van Meurs J, Ramos YFM, Meulenbelt I. Annotating Transcriptional Effects of Genetic Variants in Disease-Relevant Tissue: Transcriptome-Wide Allelic Imbalance in Osteoarthritic Cartilage. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019; 71:561-570. [PMID: 30298554 PMCID: PMC6593438 DOI: 10.1002/art.40748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) conferring susceptibility to osteoarthritis (OA) mark imbalanced expression of positional genes in articular cartilage, reflected by unequally expressed alleles among heterozygotes (allelic imbalance [AI]). We undertook this study to explore the articular cartilage transcriptome from OA patients for AI events to identify putative disease-driving genetic variation. METHODS AI was assessed in 42 preserved and 5 lesioned OA cartilage samples (from the Research Arthritis and Articular Cartilage study) for which RNA sequencing data were available. The count fraction of the alternative alleles among the alternative and reference alleles together (φ) was determined for heterozygous individuals. A meta-analysis was performed to generate a meta-φ and P value for each SNP with a false discovery rate (FDR) correction for multiple comparisons. To further validate AI events, we explored them as a function of multiple additional OA features. RESULTS We observed a total of 2,070 SNPs that consistently marked AI of 1,031 unique genes in articular cartilage. Of these genes, 49 were found to be significantly differentially expressed (fold change <0.5 or >2, FDR <0.05) between preserved and paired lesioned cartilage, and 18 had previously been reported to confer susceptibility to OA and/or related phenotypes. Moreover, we identified notable highly significant AI SNPs in the CRLF1, WWP2, and RPS3 genes that were related to multiple OA features. CONCLUSION We present a framework and resulting data set for researchers in the OA research field to probe for disease-relevant genetic variation that affects gene expression in pivotal disease-affected tissue. This likely includes putative novel compelling OA risk genes such as CRLF1, WWP2, and RPS3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irina Pulyakhina
- Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, The Netherlands, and Wellcome Trust Centre for Human GeneticsOxfordUK
| | - Cindy Boer
- Erasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Nils Bomer
- Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Thom Sentner
- Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
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15
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Montagne K, Onuma Y, Ito Y, Aiki Y, Furukawa KS, Ushida T. High hydrostatic pressure induces pro-osteoarthritic changes in cartilage precursor cells: A transcriptome analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183226. [PMID: 28813497 PMCID: PMC5558982 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the high water content of cartilage, hydrostatic pressure is likely one of the main physical stimuli sensed by chondrocytes. Whereas, in the physiological range (0 to around 10 MPa), hydrostatic pressure exerts mostly pro-chondrogenic effects in chondrocyte models, excessive pressures have been reported to induce detrimental effects on cartilage, such as increased apoptosis and inflammation, and decreased cartilage marker expression. Though some genes modulated by high pressure have been identified, the effects of high pressure on the global gene expression pattern have still not been investigated. In this study, using microarray technology and real-time PCR validation, we analyzed the transcriptome of ATDC5 chondrocyte progenitors submitted to a continuous pressure of 25 MPa for up to 24 h. Several hundreds of genes were found to be modulated by pressure, including some not previously known to be mechano-sensitive. High pressure markedly increased the expression of stress-related genes, apoptosis-related genes and decreased that of cartilage matrix genes. Furthermore, a large set of genes involved in the progression of osteoarthritis were also induced by high pressure, suggesting that hydrostatic pressure could partly mimic in vitro some of the genetic alterations occurring in osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Montagne
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (TU); (KM)
| | - Yasuko Onuma
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Ito
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Aiki
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Katsuko S. Furukawa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Ushida
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (TU); (KM)
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16
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Rai MF, Sandell LJ, Zhang B, Wright RW, Brophy RH. RNA Microarray Analysis of Macroscopically Normal Articular Cartilage from Knees Undergoing Partial Medial Meniscectomy: Potential Prediction of the Risk for Developing Osteoarthritis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155373. [PMID: 27171008 PMCID: PMC4865200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives (i) To provide baseline knowledge of gene expression in macroscopically normal articular cartilage, (ii) to test the hypothesis that age, body-mass-index (BMI), and sex are associated with cartilage RNA transcriptome, and (iii) to predict individuals at potential risk for developing “pre-osteoarthritis” (OA) based on screening of genetic risk-alleles associated with OA and gene transcripts differentially expressed between normal and OA cartilage. Design Healthy-appearing cartilage was obtained from the medial femoral notch of 12 knees with a meniscus tear undergoing arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. Cartilage had no radiographic, magnetic-resonance-imaging or arthroscopic evidence for degeneration. RNA was subjected to Affymetrix microarrays followed by validation of selected transcripts by microfluidic digital polymerase-chain-reaction. The underlying biological processes were explored computationally. Transcriptome-wide gene expression was probed for association with known OA genetic risk-alleles assembled from published literature and for comparison with gene transcripts differentially expressed between healthy and OA cartilage from other studies. Results We generated a list of 27,641 gene transcripts in healthy cartilage. Several gene transcripts representing numerous biological processes were correlated with age and BMI and differentially expressed by sex. Based on disease-specific Ingenuity Pathways Analysis, gene transcripts associated with aging were enriched for bone/cartilage disease while the gene expression profile associated with BMI was enriched for growth-plate calcification and OA. When segregated by genetic risk-alleles, two clusters of study patients emerged, one cluster containing transcripts predicted by risk studies. When segregated by OA-associated gene transcripts, three clusters of study patients emerged, one of which is remarkably similar to gene expression pattern in OA. Conclusions Our study provides a list of gene transcripts in healthy-appearing cartilage. Preliminary analysis into groupings based on OA risk-alleles and OA-associated gene transcripts reveals a subset of patients expressing OA transcripts. Prospective studies in larger cohorts are needed to assess whether these patterns are predictive for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq Rai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Linda J. Sandell
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Rick W. Wright
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Robert H. Brophy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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17
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Cytokine-Like Factor 1, an Essential Facilitator of Cardiotrophin-Like Cytokine:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Receptor α Signaling and sorLA-Mediated Turnover. Mol Cell Biol 2016; 36:1272-86. [PMID: 26858303 PMCID: PMC4836274 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00917-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiotrophin-like cytokine:cytokine-like factor-1 (CLC:CLF-1) is a heterodimeric neurotropic cytokine that plays a crucial role during neuronal development. Mice lacking CLC:CLF-1 die soon after birth due to a suckling defect and show reduced numbers of motor neurons. Humans carrying mutations in CLC:CLF-1 develop similar disorders, known as Sohar-Crisponi or cold-induced sweating syndrome, and have a high risk of early death. It is well known that CLC binds the ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor α (CNTFRα) and is a prerequisite for signaling through the gp130/leukemia inhibitory factor receptor β (LIFRβ) heterodimer, whereas CLF-1 serves to promote the cellular release of CLC. However, the precise role of CLF-1 is unclear. Here, we report that CLF-1, based on its binding site for CLC and on two additional and independent sites for CNTFRα and sorLA, is a key player in CLC and CNTFRα signaling and turnover. The site for CNTFRα enables CLF-1 to promote CLC:CNTFRα complex formation and signaling. The second site establishes a link between the endocytic receptor sorLA and the tripartite CLC:CLF-1:CNTFRα complex and allows sorLA to downregulate the CNTFRα pool in stimulated cells. Finally, sorLA may bind and concentrate the tripartite soluble CLC:CLF-1:CNTFRα complex on cell membranes and thus facilitate its signaling through gp130/LIFRβ.
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18
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Sims NA. Cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 (CLCF1) and neuropoietin (NP) signalling and their roles in development, adulthood, cancer and degenerative disorders. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Long D, Ulici V, Chubinskaya S, Loeser R. Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is increased in osteoarthritis and regulates chondrocyte catabolic and anabolic activities. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:1523-31. [PMID: 25937027 PMCID: PMC4558365 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We determined if the epidermal growth factor receptor ligand HB-EGF is produced in cartilage and if it regulates chondrocyte anabolic or catabolic activity. METHODS HB-EGF expression was measured by quantitative PCR using RNA isolated from mouse knee joint tissues and from normal and osteoarthritis (OA) human chondrocytes. Immunohistochemistry was performed on normal and OA human cartilage and meniscus sections. Cultured chondrocytes were treated with fibronectin fragments (FN-f) as a catabolic stimulus and osteogenic protein 1 (OP-1) as an anabolic stimulus. Effects of HB-EGF on cell signaling were analyzed by immunoblotting of selected signaling proteins. MMP-13 was measured in conditioned media, proteoglycan synthesis was measured by sulfate incorporation, and matrix gene expression by quantitative PCR. RESULTS HB-EGF expression was increased in 12-month old mice at 8 weeks after surgery to induce OA and increased amounts of HB-EGF were noted in human articular cartilage from OA knees. FN-f stimulated chondrocyte HB-EGF expression and HB-EGF stimulated chondrocyte MMP-13 production. However, HB-EGF was not required for FN-f stimulation of MMP-13 production. HB-EGF activated the ERK and p38 MAP kinases and stimulated phosphorylation of Smad1 at an inhibitory serine site which was associated with inhibition of OP-1 mediated proteoglycan synthesis and reduced aggrecan (ACAN) but not COL2A1 expression. CONCLUSION HB-EGF is a new factor identified in OA cartilage that promotes chondrocyte catabolic activity while inhibiting anabolic activity suggesting it could contribute to the catabolic-anabolic imbalance seen in OA cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.L. Long
- Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - V. Ulici
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - S. Chubinskaya
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - R.F. Loeser
- Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA,Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Corresponding author: Richard F. Loeser, MD, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Campus Box 7280, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7280, USA,
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20
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Ramos YFM, Meulenbelt I. Implementation of Functional Genomics for Bench-to-Bedside Transition in Osteoarthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2015; 17:53. [DOI: 10.1007/s11926-015-0528-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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21
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Stenberg J, de Windt TS, Synnergren J, Hynsjö L, van der Lee J, Saris DBF, Brittberg M, Peterson L, Lindahl A. Clinical Outcome 3 Years After Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation Does Not Correlate With the Expression of a Predefined Gene Marker Set in Chondrocytes Prior to Implantation but Is Associated With Critical Signaling Pathways. Orthop J Sports Med 2014; 2:2325967114550781. [PMID: 26535366 PMCID: PMC4555627 DOI: 10.1177/2325967114550781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is a need for tools to predict the chondrogenic potency of autologous cells for cartilage repair. Purpose: To evaluate previously proposed chondrogenic biomarkers and to identify new biomarkers in the chondrocyte transcriptome capable of predicting clinical success or failure after autologous chondrocyte implantation. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study and case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Five patients with clinical improvement after autologous chondrocyte implantation and 5 patients with graft failures 3 years after implantation were included. Surplus chondrocytes from the transplantation were frozen for each patient. Each chondrocyte sample was subsequently thawed at the same time point and cultured for 1 cell doubling, prior to RNA purification and global microarray analysis. The expression profiles of a set of predefined marker genes (ie, collagen type II α1 [COL2A1], bone morphogenic protein 2 [BMP2], fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 [FGFR3], aggrecan [ACAN], CD44, and activin receptor–like kinase receptor 1 [ACVRL1]) were also evaluated. Results: No significant difference in expression of the predefined marker set was observed between the success and failure groups. Thirty-nine genes were found to be induced, and 38 genes were found to be repressed between the 2 groups prior to autologous chondrocyte implantation, which have implications for cell-regulating pathways (eg, apoptosis, interleukin signaling, and β-catenin regulation). Conclusion: No expressional differences that predict clinical outcome could be found in the present study, which may have implications for quality control assessments of autologous chondrocyte implantation. The subtle difference in gene expression regulation found between the 2 groups may strengthen the basis for further research, aiming at reliable biomarkers and quality control for tissue engineering in cartilage repair. Clinical Relevance: The present study shows the possible limitations of using gene expression before transplantation to predict the chondrogenic and thus clinical potency of the cells. This result is especially important as the chondrogenic potential of the chondrocytes is currently part of quality control measures according to European and American legislations regarding advanced therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Stenberg
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tommy S de Windt
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jane Synnergren
- School of Life Sciences, System Biology Research Centre, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Lars Hynsjö
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Josefine van der Lee
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel B F Saris
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. ; MIRA Institute for Biotechnology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Mats Brittberg
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Peterson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Lindahl
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Abstract
The ATDC5 cell line is derived from mouse teratocarcinoma cells and characterized as a chondrogenic cell line which goes through a sequential process analogy to chondrocyte differentiation. Thus, it is regarded as a promising in vitro model to study the factors that influence cell behaviors during chondrogenesis. It also provides insights in exploring signaling pathways related to skeletal development as well as interactions with innovative materials. To date, over 200 studies have utilized ATDC5 to obtain lots of significant findings. In this review, we summarized the literature of ATDC5 related studies and emphasized the application of ATDC5 in chondrogenesis. In addition, the general introduction of ATDC5 including its derivation and characterization is covered in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchang Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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23
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Ramos YFM, den Hollander W, Bovée JVMG, Bomer N, van der Breggen R, Lakenberg N, Keurentjes JC, Goeman JJ, Slagboom PE, Nelissen RGHH, Bos SD, Meulenbelt I. Genes involved in the osteoarthritis process identified through genome wide expression analysis in articular cartilage; the RAAK study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103056. [PMID: 25054223 PMCID: PMC4108379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Identify gene expression profiles associated with OA processes in articular cartilage and determine pathways changing during the disease process. Methods Genome wide gene expression was determined in paired samples of OA affected and preserved cartilage of the same joint using microarray analysis for 33 patients of the RAAK study. Results were replicated in independent samples by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Profiles were analyzed with the online analysis tools DAVID and STRING to identify enrichment for specific pathways and protein-protein interactions. Results Among the 1717 genes that were significantly differently expressed between OA affected and preserved cartilage we found significant enrichment for genes involved in skeletal development (e.g. TNFRSF11B and FRZB). Also several inflammatory genes such as CD55, PTGES and TNFAIP6, previously identified in within-joint analyses as well as in analyses comparing preserved cartilage from OA affected joints versus healthy cartilage were among the top genes. Of note was the high up-regulation of NGF in OA cartilage. RT-qPCR confirmed differential expression for 18 out of 19 genes with expression changes of 2-fold or higher, and immunohistochemistry of selected genes showed a concordant change in protein expression. Most of these changes associated with OA severity (Mankin score) but were independent of joint-site or sex. Conclusion We provide further insights into the ongoing OA pathophysiological processes in cartilage, in particular into differences in macroscopically intact cartilage compared to OA affected cartilage, which seem relatively consistent and independent of sex or joint. We advocate that development of treatment could benefit by focusing on these similarities in gene expression changes and/or pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolande F. M. Ramos
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, sponsored by the NCHA, Leiden-Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Wouter den Hollander
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nils Bomer
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud van der Breggen
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nico Lakenberg
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jelle J. Goeman
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P. Eline Slagboom
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, sponsored by the NCHA, Leiden-Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob G. H. H. Nelissen
- Department of Orthopeadics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Steffan D. Bos
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, sponsored by the NCHA, Leiden-Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, sponsored by the NCHA, Leiden-Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Piras R, Chiappe F, Torraca IL, Buers I, Usala G, Angius A, Akin MA, Basel-Vanagaite L, Benedicenti F, Chiodin E, El Assy O, Feingold-Zadok M, Guibert J, Kamien B, Kasapkara ÇS, Kılıç E, Boduroğlu K, Kurtoglu S, Manzur AY, Onal EE, Paderi E, Roche CH, Tümer L, Unal S, Utine GE, Zanda G, Zankl A, Zampino G, Crisponi G, Crisponi L, Rutsch F. Expanding the Mutational Spectrum ofCRLF1in Crisponi/CISS1 Syndrome. Hum Mutat 2014; 35:424-33. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.22522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Piras
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Cagliari Italy
- Department of Public Health and Clinical and Molecular Medicine; University of Cagliari; Cagliari Italy
| | - Francesca Chiappe
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Cagliari Italy
| | - Ilaria La Torraca
- Istituto di Pediatria, Policlinico “A. Gemelli”; Università Cattolica del S. Cuore; Rome Italy
| | - Insa Buers
- Department of General Pediatrics; Münster University Children's Hospital; Münster Germany
| | - Gianluca Usala
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Cagliari Italy
| | - Andrea Angius
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Cagliari Italy
- CRS4 Center for Advanced Studies, Research and Development in Sardinia, Laboratorio di Bioinformatica; Parco tecnologico della Sardegna; Pula Italy
| | - Mustafa Ali Akin
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty; Erciyes University; Kayseri Turkey
| | - Lina Basel-Vanagaite
- Pediatric Genetics, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, and Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute; Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital; Petah Tikva 49100 Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Rabin Medical Center; Beilinson Campus; Petah Tikva 49100 Israel
| | - Francesco Benedicenti
- Genetic Counseling Service, Department of Pediatrics; Regional Hospital of Bolzano; Bolzano Italy
| | - Elisabetta Chiodin
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics; Regional Hospital of Bolzano; Bolzano Italy
| | - Osama El Assy
- Pediatric Department-NICU; Al-Hada Military Hospital; Taif Saudi Arabia
| | - Michal Feingold-Zadok
- Pediatric Genetics, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, and Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute; Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital; Petah Tikva 49100 Israel
| | - Javier Guibert
- Servicio de Pediatría; Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra; Pamplona Spain
| | - Benjamin Kamien
- Queensland Health Pathology; Royal Brisbane Hospital; Herston Australia
| | | | - Esra Kılıç
- Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital; Department of Pediatric Genetics; Ankara Turkey
| | - Koray Boduroğlu
- Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital; Department of Pediatric Genetics; Ankara Turkey
| | - Selim Kurtoglu
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty; Erciyes University; Kayseri Turkey
| | - Adnan Y Manzur
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Department of Neurosciences; Great Ormond Hospital for Children; London United Kingdom
| | - Eray Esra Onal
- Gazi University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics; Division of Neonatology Besevler; Ankara Turkey
| | - Enrica Paderi
- Unità Operativa Pediatria -Neonatologia - Nido; Ospedale San Martino; Oristano Italy
| | | | - Leyla Tümer
- Gazi University Hospital; Pediatric Metabolism and Nutrition; Ankara Turkey
| | - Sezin Unal
- Gazi University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics; Division of Neonatology Besevler; Ankara Turkey
| | - Gülen Eda Utine
- Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital; Department of Pediatric Genetics; Ankara Turkey
| | - Giovanni Zanda
- Unità Operativa Pediatria -Neonatologia - Nido; Ospedale San Martino; Oristano Italy
| | - Andreas Zankl
- Discipline of Genetic Medicine; The University of Sydney; Sydney Australia
- Academic Department of Medical Genetics; The Children's Hospital at Westmead; Sydney Australia
| | - Giuseppe Zampino
- Istituto di Pediatria, Policlinico “A. Gemelli”; Università Cattolica del S. Cuore; Rome Italy
| | | | - Laura Crisponi
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Cagliari Italy
| | - Frank Rutsch
- Department of General Pediatrics; Münster University Children's Hospital; Münster Germany
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25
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Bateman JF, Rowley L, Belluoccio D, Chan B, Bell K, Fosang AJ, Little CB. Transcriptomics of wild-type mice and mice lacking ADAMTS-5 activity identifies genes involved in osteoarthritis initiation and cartilage destruction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:1547-60. [PMID: 23436205 DOI: 10.1002/art.37900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify changes in gene expression in mice with osteoarthritis (OA) in order to explore the mechanisms of the disease. METHODS Gene expression profiling was performed in cartilage from mice with surgically induced OA. We used wild-type (WT) mice and Adamts5Δcat mice, in which ADAMTS-5 activity is lacking and aggrecan loss and cartilage erosion are inhibited, to distinguish gene expression changes that are independent of ADAMTS-5 activity and cartilage breakdown. Mechanical instability was introduced into the knee joints of 10-week-old male mice via surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). Cartilage from the developing lesion in the destabilized medial meniscus and corresponding regions in sham-operated joints was harvested by microdissection at 1, 2, and 6 weeks postsurgery, and RNA was extracted, amplified, and hybridized to whole-genome microarrays. RESULTS Several previously identified OA-related genes, including Ptgs2, Crlf1, and Inhba, and novel genes, such as Phdla2 and Il11, were up-regulated in both WT mice and Adamts5Δcat mice, indicating that they are independent of ADAMTS-5 activity. The altered expression of other genes, including Col10a1, the sentinel marker of cartilage hypertrophy, and Wnt/β-catenin pathway genes, required ADAMTS-5 activity. Cell death pathway genes were dysregulated, and Tp53, Foxo4, and Xbp1 endoplasmic reticulum-stress transcriptional networks were activated. Analysis of degradome genes identified up-regulation of many proteases, including Mmp3, Capn2, and the novel cartilage proteases Prss46 and Klk8. Comparison with other studies identified 16 genes also dysregulated in rat and human OA as priorities for study. CONCLUSION We have identified, for the first time, several genes that have an ADAMTS-5-independent role in OA, identifying them as possible OA initiation candidates. This work provides new insights into the sequence of gene dysregulation and the molecular basis of cartilage destruction in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Bateman
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute and University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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26
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Yilmaz I, Gokay NS, Bircan R, Saracoglu GV, Dervisoglu S, Gokce A. How different methodologies of harvesting and analysing the samples affect the test results in determining joint mediators. ARTHRITIS 2013; 2013:631959. [PMID: 23509624 PMCID: PMC3590575 DOI: 10.1155/2013/631959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. This study has researched the affect of different methodologies of harvesting and analysing the samples in determining the mediators emerging after the rat articular cartilage injury. Materials and Methods. One hundred and forty-four male wistar rats were divided into 2 groups. Synovial fluid samples were taken from all of the rats. We entered into the right knees of the rats in group I (n = 36) under anaesthesia and took cartilage tissue samples from their distal femur. Samples were taken as reference values for enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and histopathological evaluations. We entered into the right knees of the rats in group II (n = 108) and formed complete layer of cartilage injury in their medial femoral condyles. At the end of the 15th day, the rats were sacrificed after taking synovial fluid samples from their right knees creating defect in the rats in group II. The molecular markers in the synovial fluid and cartilage tissue samples which were taken from the experimental and control groups (MMP-9, MMP-13, TIMP-1, TNF- α , and NO) were analysed by direct or indirect methodologies. SPSS 18.0 Package program was used in the statistical evaluation. Students t-test where the measurement variables between the experimental and control groups were compared was applied. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves were used in the determination of the diagnostic sufficiency from the tissue. Results. No difference was found between TIMP-1 (P = 0.67) and MMP-9 (P = 0.28) levels in synovial fluid and cartilage tissue. From the molecular markers, when MMP-9, MMP-13, NO, TIMP-1, TNF- α ', the area under ROC curve, and P values were examined, MMP-13 (P < 0.0001, 95% CI: 0.70-0.85), NO (P < 0.0001, 95% CI: 0.72-0.86), and TNF- α (P < 0.0001, 95% CI: 0.91-0.98) results were found to be statistically significant. Inferences. The indirect ELISA protocol which we apply for the cartilage tissue as an alternative to synovial lavage fluid is a reliable method which can be used in the determination of articular cartilage injury markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Yilmaz
- Tekirdag State Hospital, Turkish Republic Ministry of Health, 59100 Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Nevzat Selim Gokay
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Namik Kemal University School of Medicine, 59100 Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Rifat Bircan
- Department of Biology, Namik Kemal University School of Science, 59100 Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Gamze V. Saracoglu
- Department of Public Health, Namik Kemal University School of Medicine, 59100 Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Sergulen Dervisoglu
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, 34099 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alper Gokce
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Namik Kemal University School of Medicine, 59100 Tekirdag, Turkey
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Stefanovic L, Stefanovic B. Role of cytokine receptor-like factor 1 in hepatic stellate cells and fibrosis. World J Hepatol 2012; 4:356-64. [PMID: 23355913 PMCID: PMC3554799 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v4.i12.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To elucidate the role of cytokine receptor-like factor 1 (CRLF1) in hepatic stellate cells and liver fibrosis. METHODS Rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were isolated by Nykodenz gradient centrifugation and activated by culturing in vitro. Differentially expressed genes in quiescent and culture activated HSCs were identified using microarrays. Injections of carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) for 4 wk were employed to induce liver fibrosis. The degree of fibrosis was assessed by Sirius red staining. Adenovirus expressing CRLF1 was injected through tail vein into mice to achieve overexpression of CRLF1 in the liver. The same adenovirus was used to overexpress CRLF1 in quiescent HSCs cultured in vitro. Expression of CRLF1, CLCF1 and ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor (CNTFR) in hepatic stellate cells and fibrotic livers was analyzed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Expression of profibrotic cytokines and collagens was analyzed by the same method. RESULTS CRLF1 is a secreted cytokine with unknown function. Human mutations suggested a role in development of autonomous nervous system and a role of CRLF1 in immune response was implied by its similarity to interleukin (IL)-6. Here we show that expression of CRLF1 was undetectable in quiescent HSCs and was highly upregulated in activated HSCs. Likewise, expression of CRLF1 was very low in normal livers, but was highly upregulated in fibrotic livers, where its expression correlated with the degree of fibrosis. A cofactor of CLRF1, cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 (CLCF1), and the receptor which binds CRLF1/CLCF1 dimer, the CNTFR, were expressed to similar levels in quiescent and activated HSCs and in normal and fibrotic livers, indicating a constitutive expression. Overexpression of CLRF1 alone in the normal liver did not stimulate expression of profibrotic cytokines, suggesting that the factor itself is not pro-inflammatory. Ectopic expression in quiescent HSCs, however, retarded their activation into myofibroblasts and specifically decreased expression of type III collagen. Inhibition of type III collagen expression by CRLF1 was also seen in the whole liver. Our results suggest that CLRF1 is the only component of the CRLF1/CLCF1/CNTFR signaling system that is inducible by a profibrotic stimulus and that activation of this system by CLRF1 may regulate expression of type III collagen in fibrosis. CONCLUSION By regulating activation of HSCs and expression of type III collagen, CRLF1 may have an ability to change the composition of extracellular matrix in fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lela Stefanovic
- Lela Stefanovic, Branko Stefanovic, Department of Biomedical sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
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Schmal H, Niemeyer P, Südkamp NP, Gerlach U, Dovi-Akue D, Mehlhorn AT. Pain perception in knees with circumscribed cartilage lesions is associated with intra-articular IGF-1 expression. Am J Sports Med 2011; 39:1989-96. [PMID: 21617253 DOI: 10.1177/0363546511406851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circumscribed cartilage defects are considered as prearthritic lesions and lead to differential intra-articular cytokine expression. Mechanisms of associated pain development and influence of smoking behavior are not yet fully understood in humans. PURPOSE This study aimed to reveal relations between synovial cytokine levels in knees with circumscribed cartilage defects and pain sensation. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS In a clinical trial, knee lavage fluids of 42 patients with circumscribed cartilage lesions treated by either microfracturing (n = 19) or by autologous chondrocyte implantation (n = 23) and fluids of 5 healthy control individuals were prospectively collected. Preoperative knee pain was evaluated according to frequency and strength; subjective knee function was assessed using a visual analog scale and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score. Synovial concentrations of aggrecan, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-1β, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, and BMP-7 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Pain strength showed a highly significant association with intra-articular IGF-1 levels (ρ = .48, P < .01), but no correlation with synovial concentrations of aggrecan, bFGF, IL-1β, BMP-2, and BMP-7. Although pain strength and frequency demonstrated a statistically significant relationship, no substantial association between pain frequency and any of the examined cytokine levels was found. Intra-articular IGF-1 concentrations significantly correlated with the area of cartilage damage (ρ = .35, P < .02); the other investigated cytokines failed to show this association. Neither of the determined intra-articular mediators demonstrated statistically significant correlations with subjective knee function or IKDC score. Only intra-articular concentrations of IGF-1 and BMP-2 statistically significantly correlated with age; total protein content was negatively associated with body mass index (P < .05). In smokers, synovial expression of total protein content, IGF-1, and bFGF was significantly diminished compared to nonsmokers (P < .05). CONCLUSION Insulin-like growth factor-I is present in knees with circumscribed cartilage lesions in a size-dependent manner. IGF-1 levels correlated with indicators of pain perception; smoking negatively influenced synovial cytokine expression related to cartilage metabolism, but pain perception was not altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagen Schmal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
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29
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Cytokine-like factor 1 (CLF1): life after development? Cytokine 2011; 55:325-9. [PMID: 21715184 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2011.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 05/22/2011] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine-like factor 1 (CLF1) is a secreted receptor belonging to the interleukin-6 family of cytokines. CLF1 and its physiologic partner, cardiotrophin-like cytokine (CLC) are secreted as a heterodimer and engage the tripartite signaling complex of ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor (CNTFR), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIFR) and gp130. Ligation of this receptor complex leads to activation of the STAT3 and MAPK pathways and mediates survival pathways in neurons. Mutations in CLF1, CLC, or CNTFR in mice lead to the birth of mice that die on post-natal day 1 because of an inability to nurse. These animals exhibit significant decreases in the number of motor neurons in the facial nucleus and the spinal cord. CLF1 or CLC deficiency is associated with the development of the human cold-induced sweating syndromes. A growing body of research suggests that CLF1 expression may be associated with several post-natal disease processes. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of CLF1 expression and suggest future studies to understand the potentially important role of CLF1 in postnatal life and disease.
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30
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Zhou Z, Sheng X, Zhang Z, Zhao K, Zhu L, Guo G, Friedenberg SG, Hunter LS, Vandenberg-Foels WS, Hornbuckle WE, Krotscheck U, Corey E, Moise NS, Dykes NL, Li J, Xu S, Du L, Wang Y, Sandler J, Acland GM, Lust G, Todhunter RJ. Differential genetic regulation of canine hip dysplasia and osteoarthritis. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13219. [PMID: 20949002 PMCID: PMC2952589 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 09/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canine hip dysplasia (HD) is a common polygenic trait characterized by hip malformation that results in osteoarthritis (OA). The condition in dogs is very similar to developmental dysplasia of the human hip which also leads to OA. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A total of 721 dogs, including both an association and linkage population, were genotyped. The association population included 8 pure breeds (Labrador retriever, Greyhounds, German Shepherd, Newfoundland, Golden retriever, Rottweiler, Border Collie and Bernese Mountain Dog). The linkage population included Labrador retrievers, Greyhounds, and their crosses. Of these, 366 dogs were genotyped at ∼22,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci and a targeted screen across 8 chromosomes with ∼3,300 SNPs was performed on 551 dogs (196 dogs were common to both sets). A mixed linear model approach was used to perform an association study on this combined association and linkage population. The study identified 4 susceptibility SNPs associated with HD and 2 SNPs associated with hip OA. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE The identified SNPs included those near known genes (PTPRD, PARD3B, and COL15A1) reported to be associated with, or expressed in, OA in humans. This suggested that the canine model could provide a unique opportunity to identify genes underlying natural HD and hip OA, which are common and debilitating conditions in both dogs and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengkui Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Xihui Sheng
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwu Zhang
- Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Keyan Zhao
- Department of Computational Biology and Statistics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Lan Zhu
- Department of Statistics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Gang Guo
- Department of Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Steve G. Friedenberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Linda S. Hunter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Wendy S. Vandenberg-Foels
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - William E. Hornbuckle
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Ursula Krotscheck
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Corey
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Nancy S. Moise
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Nathan L. Dykes
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Junya Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shangzhong Xu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Du
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yachun Wang
- Department of Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jody Sandler
- Guiding Eyes for the Blind, Yorktown Heights, New York, United States of America
| | - Gregory M. Acland
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - George Lust
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Rory J. Todhunter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
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