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Hilliam K, Floerl O, Treml EA. Priorities for improving predictions of vessel-mediated marine invasions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:171162. [PMID: 38401736 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Nonindigenous marine species are impacting the integrity of marine ecosystems worldwide. The invasion rate is increasing, and vessel traffic, the most significant human-assisted transport pathway for marine organisms, is predicted to double by 2050. The ability to predict the transfer of marine species by international and domestic maritime traffic is needed to develop cost-effective proactive and reactive interventions that minimise introduction, establishment and spread of invasive species. However, despite several decades of research into vessel-mediated species transfers, some important knowledge gaps remain, leading to significant uncertainty in model predictions, often limiting their use in decision making and management planning. In this review, we discuss the sequential ecological process underlying human-assisted biological invasions and adapt it in a marine context. This process includes five successive stages: entrainment, transport, introduction, establishment, and the subsequent spread. We describe the factors that influence an organism's progression through these stages in the context of maritime vessel movements and identify key knowledge gaps that limit our ability to quantify the rate at which organisms successfully pass through these stages. We then highlight research priorities that will address these knowledge gaps and improve our capability to manage biosecurity risks at local, national and international scales. We identified four major data and knowledge gaps: (1) quantitative rates of entrainment of organisms by vessels; (2) the movement patterns of vessel types lacking maritime location devices; (3) quantifying the release (introduction) of organisms as a function of vessel behaviour (e.g. time spent at port); and (4) the influence of a species' life history on establishment success, for a given magnitude of propagule pressure. We discuss these four research priorities and how they can be addressed in collaboration with industry partners and stakeholders to improve our ability to predict and manage vessel-mediated biosecurity risks over the coming decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Hilliam
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Marine Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia; Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, Nelson 7010, New Zealand.
| | - O Floerl
- Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, Nelson 7010, New Zealand; LWP Ltd, 212 Antigua Street, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - E A Treml
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Marine Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia; Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) and UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, MO96, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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2
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Castro N, Gestoso I, Ramalhosa P, Lopes E, Almeida C, Costa A, Parente M, Cacabelos E, Herrera R, Costa JL, Canning-Clode J. Testing differences of marine non-indigenous species diversity across Macaronesia using a standardised approach. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 192:115021. [PMID: 37209662 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of non-indigenous species (NIS) induces severe impacts on marine biodiversity and ecosystems. Macaronesia is an ecologically relevant region where several NIS were detected recently. For the first time, a standard experimental approach was designed to examine biofouling assemblages and investigate NIS across the region. In this context, sessile biofouling assemblages were examined in four recreational marinas in all the Macaronesian archipelagos from 2018 to 2020: the Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands, and Cabo Verde. We hypothesised that NIS numbers, abundance, and recruitment differed in each location due to abiotic and biotic features. From the Azores (higher latitudes) to Cabo Verde (lower latitudes), NIS recruitment and percentage cover decreased following a partial latitude gradient. The present study unveiled 25 NIS, with new records for the Azores (two cryptogenic species), Canary Islands (one NIS and two cryptogenic species), and Cabo Verde (three NIS and three cryptogenic species). The present research represents a pioneer and relevant step in advancing our current understanding of marine biological invasions in Macaronesia, employing a standard and low-cost approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Castro
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Ignacio Gestoso
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences of University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA
| | - Patrício Ramalhosa
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Evandro Lopes
- ISECMAR-UTA, Instituto de Engenharias e Ciências do Mar da Universidade Técnica do Atlântico, CP 163 Mindelo, São Vicente, Cabo Verde; CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos Açores - Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologias, Universidade dos Açores, R. Mãe de Deus 13A, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Corrine Almeida
- ISECMAR-UTA, Instituto de Engenharias e Ciências do Mar da Universidade Técnica do Atlântico, CP 163 Mindelo, São Vicente, Cabo Verde
| | - Ana Costa
- InBIO Associate Laboratory, CIBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal; Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Manuela Parente
- InBIO Associate Laboratory, CIBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal; Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Eva Cacabelos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal; Hydrosphere S.L Environmental laboratory for the study of aquatic ecosystems, Vigo, Spain; Marine Research Institute (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | - Rogélio Herrera
- Viceconsejería de Medio Ambiente del Gobierno de Canarias, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - José L Costa
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Canning-Clode
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA
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3
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Martínez-Laiz G, MacLeod CD, Hesketh AV, Konecny CA, Ros M, Guerra-García JM, Harley CDG. The journey of hull-fouling mobile invaders: basibionts and boldness mediate dislodgement risk during transit. BIOFOULING 2022; 38:837-851. [PMID: 36317602 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2138754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vessel hull-fouling is responsible for most bioinvasion events in the marine environment, yet it lacks regulation in most countries. Although experts advocate a preventative approach, research efforts on pre-arrival processes are limited. The performance of mobile epifauna during vessel transport was evaluated via laboratory simulations, using the well-known invasive Japanese skeleton shrimp (Caprella mutica), and its native congener C. laeviuscula as case study. The invader did not possess any advantage in terms of inherent resistance to drag. Instead, its performance was conditioned by the complexity of secondary substrate. Dislodgement risk was significantly reduced when sessile fouling basibionts were added, which provided refugia and boosted the probability of C. mutica remaining attached from 7 to 65% in flow exposure trials. Interestingly, the invader exhibited significantly higher exploratory tendency and motility than its native congener at zero-flow conditions. Implications in terms of en-route survivorship, invasion success and macrofouling management are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Martínez-Laiz
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Colin D MacLeod
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Amelia V Hesketh
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Cassandra A Konecny
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Macarena Ros
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Department of Biology, CASEM, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - José M Guerra-García
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Christopher D G Harley
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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4
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Castro N, Gestoso I, Marques CS, Ramalhosa P, Monteiro JG, Costa JL, Canning-Clode J. Anthropogenic pressure leads to more introductions: Marine traffic and artificial structures in offshore islands increases non-indigenous species. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 181:113898. [PMID: 35843167 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic pressures such as the introduction of non-indigenous species (NIS) have impacted global biodiversity and ecosystems. Most marine species spreading outside their natural biogeographical limits are promoted and facilitated by maritime traffic through ballast water and hull biofouling. Propagule pressure plays a primary role in invasion success mixed with environmental conditions of the arrival port. Moreover, with the current ocean sprawl, new substrates are offered for potential NIS recruits. Here, differences in the fouling assemblages thriving inside three different ports/marinas facilities in Madeira Island were assessed for comparison. The locations showed significant differences concerning assemblage structure. Most NIS were detected in plastic floating pontoons. Funchal harbour receives most of the marine traffic in Madeira, acting as the main hub for primary NIS introductions, being recreational boating involved in NIS secondary transfers. Our results highlight the need for future management actions in island ecosystems, particularly monitoring and sampling of recreational boating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Castro
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Ignacio Gestoso
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences of University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA
| | - Carolina S Marques
- Centro de Estatística e Aplicações, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrício Ramalhosa
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal; OOM - Oceanic Observatory of Madeira, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - João G Monteiro
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - José L Costa
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Canning-Clode
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA
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5
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Luoma E, Nevalainen L, Altarriba E, Helle I, Lehikoinen A. Developing a conceptual influence diagram for socio-eco-technical systems analysis of biofouling management in shipping - A Baltic Sea case study. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 170:112614. [PMID: 34175696 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ship hulls create a vector for the transportation of harmful non-indigenous species (NIS) all over the world. To sustainably prevent NIS introductions, the joint consideration of environmental, economic and social aspects in the search of optimal biofouling management strategies is needed. This article presents a multi-perspective soft systems analysis of the biofouling management problem, based on an extensive literature review and expert knowledge collected in the Baltic Sea area during 2018-2020. The resulting conceptual influence diagram (CID) reveals the multidimensionality of the problem by visualizing the causal relations between the key elements and demonstrating the entanglement of social, ecological and technical aspects. Seen as a boundary object, we suggest the CID can support open dialogue and better risk communication among stakeholders by providing an illustrative and directly applicable starting point for the discussions. It also provides a basis for quantitative management optimization in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Luoma
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; Kotka Maritime Research Centre, Kotka, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Lauri Nevalainen
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; Kotka Maritime Research Centre, Kotka, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Elias Altarriba
- South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences (Xamk), Logistics and Seafaring, Kotka, Finland; Kotka Maritime Research Centre, Kotka, Finland.
| | - Inari Helle
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; Kotka Maritime Research Centre, Kotka, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Finland; Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Annukka Lehikoinen
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; Kotka Maritime Research Centre, Kotka, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Finland.
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6
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Edmiston CA, Cochlan WP, Ikeda CE, Chang AL. Impacts of a temperate to tropical voyage on the microalgal hull fouling community of an atypically-operated vessel. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 165:112112. [PMID: 33578188 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal communities that colonize the hulls of at-risk vessels - those which have the highest port residency times, lowest speeds, and most stationary time in water - are expected to change as a function of environmental factors during ocean voyages, but are rarely studied. The microalgal communities on the hull of an atypically operated ship, the T.S. Golden Bear, were quantified during the course of a voyage from San Francisco Bay to the South Pacific and back. Here we clearly demonstrate that microalgal communities can be highly resilient, and can survive physiologically strenuous journeys through extreme variation in salinity and temperature. A 42% reduction in microalgal biomass and a 62% reduction in algal cellular abundance indicated a community-wide negative reaction to an increase in both salinity and temperature after the ship left San Francisco Bay, CA and cruised southward to Long Beach, although in vivo cellular fluorescence capacity increased. Further reductions in biomass (36%) and cellular abundance (26%) occurred once the ship encountered high-temperature, high-salinity waters in Hawaii. A 17% reduction of cellular fluorescence capacity was also observed in Hawaii. Despite previous environmental stressors, upon return to temperate waters off Vallejo, CA, biomass increased 230%, cellular abundance remained stable, and cellular fluorescence capacity increased from 0.45 ± 0.26 to 0.60 ± 0.07. The methods used in the current research provide efficient, cost-effective procedures for analyzing microalgal (and macrofouling) communities, which can in turn aid regulators in creating such necessary thresholds for enforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Edmiston
- Estuary & Ocean Science Center, San Francisco State University, Tiburon, CA, USA.
| | - William P Cochlan
- Estuary & Ocean Science Center, San Francisco State University, Tiburon, CA, USA
| | - Christopher E Ikeda
- Estuary & Ocean Science Center, San Francisco State University, Tiburon, CA, USA
| | - Andrew L Chang
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Tiburon, CA, USA
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Goldsmit J, McKindsey CW, Stewart DB, Howland KL. Screening for High-Risk Marine Invaders in the Hudson Bay Region, Canadian Arctic. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.627497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Canadian Arctic is receiving increased ship traffic, largely related to non-renewable resource exploitation and facilitated by climate change. This traffic, much of which arrives in ballast, increases opportunities for the spread of aquatic invasive species (AIS). One of the regions at greatest risk is the Hudson Bay Complex. A horizon scanning exercise was conducted using the semi-quantitative Canadian Marine Invasive Screening Tool (CMIST) to identify AIS of potential concern to the region. This screening-level risk assessment tool, uses documented information to answer questions related to the likelihood and impact of invasion. Species were analyzed by ecological categories (zoobenthos, zooplankton, phytobenthos) and taxonomic groups, with 14 species (out of 31) identified as being of highest relative risk. Crabs, mollusks, macrozooplankton and macroalgae were the taxonomic groups with the highest overall risk scores, through a combination of higher likelihood of invasion and impact scores relative to other taxa. Species that may pose the highest AIS risk are currently mainly distributed on the east and west coasts of the North Atlantic Ocean. Their distributions coincide with source ports and shipping pathways that are well connected to the Hudson Bay Complex. This first horizon scan to identify potential high-risk AIS for the Canadian Arctic incorporated two novel approaches into the CMIST analysis: i) use of the tool to assess two new ecological categories (phytobenthos and zooplankton), and ii) use of averaged CMIST results to interpret general risk patterns of ecological categories. This study is also the first to use CMIST scores to highlight common source regions and connected ports for the highest risk species. In a scenario of climate change and increasing ship traffic, this information can be used to support management actions such as the creation of watch lists to inform adaptive management for preventing AIS establishment, and mitigating associated environmental and economic impacts.
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Goldsmit J, McKindsey CW, Schlegel RW, Stewart DB, Archambault P, Howland KL. What and where? Predicting invasion hotspots in the Arctic marine realm. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:4752-4771. [PMID: 32407554 PMCID: PMC7496761 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The risk of aquatic invasions in the Arctic is expected to increase with climate warming, greater shipping activity and resource exploitation in the region. Planktonic and benthic marine aquatic invasive species (AIS) with the greatest potential for invasion and impact in the Canadian Arctic were identified and the 23 riskiest species were modelled to predict their potential spatial distributions at pan-Arctic and global scales. Modelling was conducted under present environmental conditions and two intermediate future (2050 and 2100) global warming scenarios. Invasion hotspots-regions of the Arctic where habitat is predicted to be suitable for a high number of potential AIS-were located in Hudson Bay, Northern Grand Banks/Labrador, Chukchi/Eastern Bering seas and Barents/White seas, suggesting that these regions could be more vulnerable to invasions. Globally, both benthic and planktonic organisms showed a future poleward shift in suitable habitat. At a pan-Arctic scale, all organisms showed suitable habitat gains under future conditions. However, at the global scale, habitat loss was predicted in more tropical regions for some taxa, particularly most planktonic species. Results from the present study can help prioritize management efforts in the face of climate change in the Arctic marine ecosystem. Moreover, this particular approach provides information to identify present and future high-risk areas for AIS in response to global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesica Goldsmit
- Fisheries and Oceans CanadaMaurice Lamontagne InstituteMont‐JoliQCCanada
- Department of Biology, Science and Engineering FacultyArcticNetTakuvikLaval UniversityQuebec CityQCCanada
- Fisheries and Oceans CanadaArctic Research DivisionFreshwater InstituteWinnipegMBCanada
| | | | | | | | - Philippe Archambault
- Department of Biology, Science and Engineering FacultyArcticNetTakuvikLaval UniversityQuebec CityQCCanada
| | - Kimberly L. Howland
- Fisheries and Oceans CanadaArctic Research DivisionFreshwater InstituteWinnipegMBCanada
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Leduc D. A new nematode species, Chromadorina tangaroa sp. nov. (Chromadorida: Chromadoridae) from the hull of a research vessel, New Zealand. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9233. [PMID: 32518732 PMCID: PMC7258931 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromadorina is a globally distributed, largely marine nematode genus frequently found on a variety of organisms, including macro- and microalgae and crustaceans, as well as artificial substrates such as settlement plates and ship hulls. Here, Chromadorina tangaroa sp. nov. is described from filamentous seaweed growing on the hull of RV Tangaroa anchored in Wellington, North Island of New Zealand. It is characterized by body length 763–1,086 μm, and pore of secretory-excretory system located at or near level of teeth. Males have spicules with rounded capitulum followed by a narrower shaft and blade tapered distally, a gubernaculum as long as the spicules, and three cup-shaped precloacal supplements, and females are characterized by a cuticularized prevulvar pad, vagina located at 46–48% of body length from anterior, and vagina anteriorly directed. Chromadorina tangaroa sp. nov. is the first species of the genus to be described from New Zealand, but it is unclear whether it is native to the region because it may have dispersed as part of ship hull biofouling communities. Long-distance transport of nematodes through ship hull biofouling may be a common occurrence, but too little is known about the occurrence of nematodes on ship hulls to gauge the potential effect of shipping on nematode species distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Leduc
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand
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10
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McCarthy AH, Peck LS, Hughes KA, Aldridge DC. Antarctica: The final frontier for marine biological invasions. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2019; 25:2221-2241. [PMID: 31016829 PMCID: PMC6849521 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Antarctica is experiencing significant ecological and environmental change, which may facilitate the establishment of non-native marine species. Non-native marine species will interact with other anthropogenic stressors affecting Antarctic ecosystems, such as climate change (warming, ocean acidification) and pollution, with irreversible ramifications for biodiversity and ecosystem services. We review current knowledge of non-native marine species in the Antarctic region, the physical and physiological factors that resist establishment of non-native marine species, changes to resistance under climate change, the role of legislation in limiting marine introductions, and the effect of increasing human activity on vectors and pathways of introduction. Evidence of non-native marine species is limited: just four marine non-native and one cryptogenic species that were likely introduced anthropogenically have been reported freely living in Antarctic or sub-Antarctic waters, but no established populations have been reported; an additional six species have been observed in pathways to Antarctica that are potentially at risk of becoming invasive. We present estimates of the intensity of ship activity across fishing, tourism and research sectors: there may be approximately 180 vessels and 500+ voyages in Antarctic waters annually. However, these estimates are necessarily speculative because relevant data are scarce. To facilitate well-informed policy and management, we make recommendations for future research into the likelihood of marine biological invasions in the Antarctic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlie H. McCarthy
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- British Antarctic Survey, NERCCambridgeUK
| | | | | | - David C. Aldridge
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- BioRISC, St Catharine's CollegeCambridgeUK
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11
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Chan FT, Stanislawczyk K, Sneekes AC, Dvoretsky A, Gollasch S, Minchin D, David M, Jelmert A, Albretsen J, Bailey SA. Climate change opens new frontiers for marine species in the Arctic: Current trends and future invasion risks. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2019; 25:25-38. [PMID: 30295388 PMCID: PMC7379606 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and increased anthropogenic activities are expected to elevate the potential of introducing nonindigenous species (NIS) into the Arctic. Yet, the knowledge base needed to identify gaps and priorities for NIS research and management is limited. Here, we reviewed primary introduction events to each ecoregion of the marine Arctic realm to identify temporal and spatial patterns, likely source regions of NIS, and the putative introduction pathways. We included 54 introduction events representing 34 unique NIS. The rate of NIS discovery ranged from zero to four species per year between 1960 and 2015. The Iceland Shelf had the greatest number of introduction events (n = 14), followed by the Barents Sea (n = 11), and the Norwegian Sea (n = 11). Sixteen of the 54 introduction records had no known origins. The majority of those with known source regions were attributed to the Northeast Atlantic and the Northwest Pacific, 19 and 14 records, respectively. Some introduction events were attributed to multiple possible pathways. For these introductions, vessels transferred the greatest number of aquatic NIS (39%) to the Arctic, followed by natural spread (30%) and aquaculture activities (25%). Similar trends were found for introductions attributed to a single pathway. The phyla Arthropoda and Ochrophyta had the highest number of recorded introduction events, with 19 and 12 records, respectively. Recommendations including vector management, horizon scanning, early detection, rapid response, and a pan-Arctic biodiversity inventory are considered in this paper. Our study provides a comprehensive record of primary introductions of NIS for marine environments in the circumpolar Arctic and identifies knowledge gaps and opportunities for NIS research and management. Ecosystems worldwide will face dramatic changes in the coming decades due to global change. Our findings contribute to the knowledge base needed to address two aspects of global change-invasive species and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrah T. Chan
- Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic SciencesFisheries and Oceans CanadaBurlingtonOntarioCanada
| | - Keara Stanislawczyk
- Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic SciencesFisheries and Oceans CanadaBurlingtonOntarioCanada
| | | | - Alexander Dvoretsky
- Murmansk Marine Biological InstituteKola Scientific Centre Russian Academy of SciencesMurmanskRussia
| | | | - Dan Minchin
- Marine Organism InvestigationsKillaloeIreland
- Marine Science and Technology CentreKlaipėda UniversityKlaipėdaLithuania
| | - Matej David
- Dr. Matej David Consult d.o.o.IzolaSlovenia
- Faculty of Maritime StudiesUniversity of RijekaCroatia
| | | | | | - Sarah A. Bailey
- Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic SciencesFisheries and Oceans CanadaBurlingtonOntarioCanada
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12
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Combining morpho-taxonomy and metabarcoding enhances the detection of non-indigenous marine pests in biofouling communities. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16290. [PMID: 30389965 PMCID: PMC6215007 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34541-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine infrastructure can favor the spread of non-indigenous marine biofouling species by providing a suitable habitat for them to proliferate. Cryptic organisms or those in early life stages can be difficult to distinguish by conventional morphological taxonomy. Molecular tools, such as metabarcoding, may improve their detection. In this study, the ability of morpho-taxonomy and metabarcoding (18S rRNA and COI) using three reference databases (PR2, BOLD and NCBI) to characterize biodiversity and detect non-indigenous species (NIS) in biofouling was compared on 60 passive samplers deployed over summer and winter in a New Zealand marina. Highest resolution of metazoan taxa was identified using 18S rRNA assigned to PR2. There were higher assignment rates to NCBI reference sequences, but poorer taxonomic identification. Using all methods, 48 potential NIS were identified. Metabarcoding detected the largest proportion of those NIS: 77% via 18S rRNA/PR2 and NCBI and 35% via COI/BOLD and NCBI. Morpho-taxonomy detected an additional 14% of all identified NIS comprising mainly of bryozoan taxa. The data highlight several on-going challenges, including: differential marker resolution, primer biases, incomplete sequence reference databases, and variations in bioinformatic pipelines. Combining morpho-taxonomy and molecular analysis methods will likely enhance the detection of NIS from complex biofouling.
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13
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Ardura A, Clusa L, Zaiko A, Garcia-Vazquez E, Miralles L. Stress related epigenetic changes may explain opportunistic success in biological invasions in Antipode mussels. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10793. [PMID: 30018391 PMCID: PMC6050280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Different environmental factors could induce epigenetic changes, which are likely involved in the biological invasion process. Some of these factors are driven by humans as, for example, the pollution and deliberate or accidental introductions and others are due to natural conditions such as salinity. In this study, we have analysed the relationship between different stress factors: time in the new location, pollution and salinity with the methylation changes that could be involved in the invasive species tolerance to new environments. For this purpose, we have analysed two different mussels' species, reciprocally introduced in antipode areas: the Mediterranean blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and the New Zealand pygmy mussel Xenostrobus securis, widely recognized invaders outside their native distribution ranges. The demetylathion was higher in more stressed population, supporting the idea of epigenetic is involved in plasticity process. These results can open a new management protocols, using the epigenetic signals as potential pollution monitoring tool. We could use these epigenetic marks to recognise the invasive status in a population and determine potential biopollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Ardura
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, C/Julian Claveria s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Laura Clusa
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, C/Julian Claveria s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Anastasija Zaiko
- Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson, 7042, New Zealand
- Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, H. Manto 84, Klaipeda, 92294, Lithuania
| | - Eva Garcia-Vazquez
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, C/Julian Claveria s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Laura Miralles
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, C/Julian Claveria s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
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14
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Ricciardi A, Blackburn TM, Carlton JT, Dick JT, Hulme PE, Iacarella JC, Jeschke JM, Liebhold AM, Lockwood JL, MacIsaac HJ, Pyšek P, Richardson DM, Ruiz GM, Simberloff D, Sutherland WJ, Wardle DA, Aldridge DC. Invasion Science: A Horizon Scan of Emerging Challenges and Opportunities. Trends Ecol Evol 2017; 32:464-474. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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15
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Chan FT, Briski E. An overview of recent research in marine biological invasions. MARINE BIOLOGY 2017; 164:121. [PMID: 28579642 PMCID: PMC5415580 DOI: 10.1007/s00227-017-3155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Topical Collection on Invasive Species includes 50 articles addressing many tenets of marine invasion ecology. The collection covers important topics relating to propagule pressure associated with transport vectors, species characteristics, attributes of recipient ecosystems, invasion genetics, biotic interactions, testing of invasion hypotheses, invasion dynamics and spread, and impacts of nonindigenous species. This article summarizes some of the collection's highlights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrah T. Chan
- Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1 Canada
| | - Elizabeta Briski
- GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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16
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Darling JA, Galil BS, Carvalho GR, Rius M, Viard F, Piraino S. Recommendations for developing and applying genetic tools to assess and manage biological invasions in marine ecosystems. MARINE POLICY 2017; 85:56-64. [PMID: 29681680 PMCID: PMC5909192 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) aims to adopt integrated ecosystem management approaches to achieve or maintain "Good Environmental Status" for marine waters, habitats and resources, including mitigation of the negative effects of non-indigenous species (NIS). The Directive further seeks to promote broadly standardized monitoring efforts and assessment of temporal trends in marine ecosystem condition, incorporating metrics describing the distribution and impacts of NIS. Accomplishing these goals will require application of advanced tools for NIS surveillance and risk assessment, particularly given known challenges associated with surveying and monitoring with traditional methods. In the past decade, a host of methods based on nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) analysis have been developed or advanced that promise to dramatically enhance capacity in assessing and managing NIS. However, ensuring that these rapidly evolving approaches remain accessible and responsive to the needs of resource managers remains a challenge. This paper provides recommendations for future development of these genetic tools for assessment and management of NIS in marine systems, within the context of the explicit requirements of the MSFD. Issues considered include technological innovation, methodological standardization, data sharing and collaboration, and the critical importance of shared foundational resources, particularly integrated taxonomic expertise. Though the recommendations offered here are not exhaustive, they provide a basis for future intentional (and international) collaborative development of a genetic toolkit for NIS research, capable of fulfilling the immediate and long term goals of marine ecosystem and resource conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A. Darling
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, United States Environmental
Protection Agency, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711,
USA
- Corresponding author.
(J.A. Darling)
| | - Bella S. Galil
- The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Israel National Center for
Biodiversity Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | | | - Marc Rius
- Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, University of
Southampton, UK
- Centre for Ecological Genomics and Wildlife Conservation, University
of Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Frédérique Viard
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR
7144 AD2M, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff,
France
| | - Stefano Piraino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali,
Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare
(CoNISMa), Roma, Italy
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