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Yang Y, Guo Y, Xia S, Ma X, Wu X. Metal-organic framework sensors based on triazole carboxylic acid ligands for ion sensing and dye adsorption. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lionetto L, Guglielmetti M, Cipolla F, Bernardini S, Koehler BE, Capi M, De Bernardini D, Curto M, Manetti R, Nicoletti F, Simmaco M, Martelletti P. Polyamines serum levels in episodic and chronic migraine. Expert Rev Neurother 2020; 21:249-254. [PMID: 33295216 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2021.1862650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background: Previous studies focused on food as the trigger of a migraine attack did not consider polyamines as possible activators and sensitizers of the trigeminal-vascular system through their interaction with NMDA glutamate receptors. Therefore, this study aimed to assess serum levels of nine polyamines and to evaluate their role as possible triggers and crisis maintainers in episodic and chronic migraine patients. Materials and methods: The study included 50 patients with episodic migraine (EM), 50 patients with chronic migraine (CM) and 50 healthy controls (HC). Serum levels of nine polyamines have been determined by Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry. Specifically, agmatine, spermidine, spermine, putrescine, cadaverine, arginine, ornithine, citrulline and lysine levels were studied. Results: Agmatine serum levels resulted reduced in EC patients with respect to CM and HC. Compared to HC subjects, serum levels of spermine and spermidine were statistically significantly increased both in CM and EM patients. Conclusions: The authors suggest that alterations of polyamines levels might contribute to the understanding of migraine external activation and help to clarify the potential role of NMDA receptor polyamines site antagonists in migraine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Lionetto
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Section, Sant'Andrea University Hospital , Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Guglielmetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome, Italy.,Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari , Sassari, Italy
| | - Fabiola Cipolla
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Section, Sant'Andrea University Hospital , Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Bernardini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome, Italy
| | | | - Matilde Capi
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Section, Sant'Andrea University Hospital , Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella De Bernardini
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Section, Sant'Andrea University Hospital , Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Curto
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University , Rome, Italy.,Bipolar & Psychotic Disorders Program, McLean Hospital , Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Roberto Manetti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari , Sassari, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University , Rome, Italy.,I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed , Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Maurizio Simmaco
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Section, Sant'Andrea University Hospital , Rome, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Advanced Molecular Diagnostic Unit (Dima), Sant'Andrea Hospital-Sapienza University , Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Martelletti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome, Italy
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LC-MS/MS quantification of asymmetric dimethyl arginine and symmetric dimethyl arginine in plasma using surrogate matrix and derivatization with fluorescamine. Bioanalysis 2020; 12:1607-1619. [PMID: 33151745 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2020-0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: A novel LC-MS/MS method using a surrogate matrix and derivatization with fluorescamine was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of asymmetric dimethyl arginine and symmetric dimethyl arginine. Methods & results: Asymmetric dimethyl arginine, symmetric dimethyl arginine and corresponding internal standards were extracted using protein precipitation and derivatization with fluorescamine followed by SPE. Derivatives were analyzed by turbo ion spray LC-MS/MS in the positive ion mode. Methodology was successfully transferred across multiple preclinical species and utilized in the support of several investigative studies. Conclusion: A new LC-MS/MS analytical methodology that utilizes a surrogate matrix and derivatization with fluorescamine was successfully developed and validated.
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Wang L, Tu B, Xu W, Fu Y, Zheng Y. Uranyl Organic Framework as a Highly Selective and Sensitive Turn-on and Turn-off Luminescent Sensor for Dual Functional Detection Arginine and MnO 4. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:5004-5017. [PMID: 32207299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Five new uranyl coordination polymers were prepared by the hydrothermal method based on 5-nitroisophthalic acid (H2nip) as (UO2)(nip)(2,2'-bpy) (1), (H24,4'-bpy)·[(UO2)3(nip)4]·(4,4'-bpy) (2), (H2bpe)·[(UO2)0.5(nip)] (3), (H2 bpp)·[(UO2)2-(nip)3]·H2O (4), and (H2tmp)·[(UO2)(nip)2](5) [2,2'-bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, 4,4'-bpy = 4,4'-bipyridine, bpe = 4,4'-vinylenedipyridine, bpp = 4,4' -trimethylenedipyridine, tmp = tetramethylpyrazine]. All of these synthesized complexes have been characterized by single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, IR spectra, thermogravimetric analysis, elemental analysis, and luminescent properties. In particular, it is found that compounds 1 and 4 can be used as a luminescent sensor to efficiently detect arginine in aqueous solution by means of "turn-on"; the detection limits were 1.06 × 10-6 and 6.42 × 10-6 mol/L, respectively. Moreover, 4 can also be used as a bifunctional sensor for selective sensing of MnO4- anion by "turn-off". The detection limit of MnO4- in water was 1.79 × 10-6 mol/L; the Ksv was 1.88 × 104. The sensing effect of arginine in simulated grape juice samples and MnO4- in simulated river water samples was also investigated by this sensing system with high recovery. In addition, the possible mechanism of sensing arginine and MnO4- in the aqueous solution was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Chemistry Institute for Synthesis and Green Application, School of Materials Science & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Bingtian Tu
- State Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- Chemistry Institute for Synthesis and Green Application, School of Materials Science & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Yu Fu
- Chemistry Institute for Synthesis and Green Application, School of Materials Science & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Yueqing Zheng
- Chemistry Institute for Synthesis and Green Application, School of Materials Science & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
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Sotgia S, Zinellu A, Paliogiannis P, Pinna GA, Mangoni AA, Milanesi L, Carru C. A diethylpyrocarbonate-based derivatization method for the LC-MS/MS measurement of plasma arginine and its chemically related metabolites and analogs. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 492:29-36. [PMID: 30731087 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in NO metabolism correlate with cardiovascular risk factors and are associated with endothelial dysfunction. NO availability is regulated by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and arginine and some chemically related metabolites and analogs have the capacity to alter NOS activity. Hence the need for analytical methods for the simultaneous assessment of these analytes. METHODS Analytes (L-arginine (Arg), NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (MMA), L-homoarginine (hArg), asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethyl-L-arginine (SDMA), and L-citrulline (CIT)) were isolated from human plasma by thermal coagulation of plasma followed by a derivatization with diethylpyrocarbonate. Carbetoxy derivatives were separated on a C18 reversed-phase column in <10 min using an aqueous solution of 0.4% v/v formic acid and acetonitrile (95:5, v/v) mixture as a mobile phase. Positive electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry in combination with specific multiple reaction monitoring transitions were used for detection of analytes and three deuterated forms of the analytes used as internal standards. RESULTS Intra- and inter-day precision %RSD values ranged between 3 and 5.5% and percentage recoveries were close to 100% for all analytes. Plasma concentrations in 20 healthy male volunteers were 58.62 ± 8.81 μmol/L for Arg, 105.08 ± 21.66 nmol/L for MMA, 1.88 ± 0.57 μmol/L for hArg, 0.612 ± 0.140 μmol/L for ADMA, 0.581 ± 0.172 μmol/L for SDMA, and 28.62 ± 11.60 μmol/L for Cit, respectively. CONCLUSION This LC-MS/MS method provides the capacity to quantify the plasma concentrations of arginine and some of its chemically related metabolites. Sample preparation was simple, inexpensive and effortless. Overall, given the short sample preparation and chromatographic run time, the method may be suitable for the fast and reproducible quantitative determination of the analytes in large clinical trials and routine analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Sotgia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Panagiotis Paliogiannis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gerard A Pinna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Arduino A Mangoni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Luciano Milanesi
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate, Italy
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; Quality Control Unit, University Hospital of Sassari (AOU-SS), Sassari, Italy
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Ghorai A, Mondal J, Patra GK. A new Schiff base and its metal complex as colorimetric and fluorescent–colorimetric sensors for rapid detection of arginine. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj02787j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new Schiff base (L) and its Pb2+-complex have been utilized for rapid detection of arginine in aqueous medium.Lexhibits an excellent selective colorimetric response whereas its Pb2+-complex exploits fluorescent-colorimetric response towards arginine with very low detection limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry
- Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya
- Bilaspur (C.G)
- India
| | - Jahangir Mondal
- Department of Chemistry
- Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya
- Bilaspur (C.G)
- India
| | - Goutam K. Patra
- Department of Chemistry
- Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya
- Bilaspur (C.G)
- India
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Martens-Lobenhoffer J, Bode-Böger SM. Mass spectrometric quantification of L-arginine and its pathway related substances in biofluids: the road to maturity. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 964:89-102. [PMID: 24210895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The amino acid L-arginine together with its metabolites and related substances is in the center of many biologically important pathways, especially the urea cycle and the nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. Therefore, the concentrations of these substances in various biological fluids are of great interest as predictive markers for health and disease. Yet, they provide major analytical difficulties as they are very polar in nature and therefore not easily to be separated on standard reversed phase HPLC stationary phases. Furthermore, as endogenous substances, no analyte-free matrix is available, a fact that results in complicated calibration procedures. This review evaluates the analytical literature for the determination of L-arginine, symmetric dimethylarginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine, monomethylarginine, L-citrulline, L-ornithine, L-homoarginine, agmatine and dimethylguanidinovaleric acid in biological fluids. Papers are discussed, which were published since 2007 and describe methods applying capillary electrophoresis (CE), gas chromatography (GC), reversed phase HPLC or polar phase HPLC, coupled to mass spectrometric quantification. Nowadays, many carefully developed and validated methods for L-arginine and its related substances are available to the scientific community. The use of stable isotope labeled internal standards enables high precision and accuracy in mass spectrometry-based quantitative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefanie M Bode-Böger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Martens-Lobenhoffer J, Bode-Böger SM. Quantification of L-arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine and symmetric dimethylarginine in human plasma: a step improvement in precision by stable isotope dilution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 904:140-3. [PMID: 22884474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The amino acid L-arginine and its metabolites ADMA and SDMA are important markers for a range of diseases in humans. Increased levels of ADMA and SDMA in plasma point to endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, renal impairment and other pathological states. We present here a method to quantify L-arginine, ADMA and SDMA in human plasma, which is suitable to support clinical research in this field. Sample preparation consisted only of protein precipitation and the analytes were separated using a silica based HILIC column. The analytes were detected by ESI MS/MS, providing high selectivity and sensitivity. The calibration functions were linear in the ranges of 7.5-150 μmol/l for l-arginine, 0.15-3 μmol/l for ADMA and 0.2-4 μmol/l for SDMA. These ranges cover the concentrations encountered in healthy and pathological human plasma. The method employs (13)C(6)-arginine, D(7)-ADMA and, for the first time in LC-MS/MS, D(6)-SDMA as internal standards for L-arginine, ADMA and SDMA. Therefore, matrix independency and a high intra-day precision of 0.82% for L-arginine, 2.12% for ADMA and 2.83% for SDMA, were achieved at basal plasma concentrations. The respective inter-day precision values were 4.01% for l-arginine, 3.77% for ADMA and 3.86% for SDMA.
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9
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Gough MS, Morgan MAM, Mack CM, Darling DC, Frasier LM, Doolin KP, Apostolakos MJ, Stewart JC, Graves BT, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Mooney RA, Frampton MW, Pietropaoli AP. The ratio of arginine to dimethylarginines is reduced and predicts outcomes in patients with severe sepsis. Crit Care Med 2011; 39:1351-8. [PMID: 21378552 PMCID: PMC3292345 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0b013e318212097c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Arginine deficiency may contribute to microvascular dysfunction, but previous studies suggest that arginine supplementation may be harmful in sepsis. Systemic arginine availability can be estimated by measuring the ratio of arginine to its endogenous inhibitors, asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine. We hypothesized that the arginine-to-dimethylarginine ratio is reduced in patients with severe sepsis and associated with severity of illness and outcomes. DESIGN Case-control and prospective cohort study. SETTING Medical and surgical intensive care units of an academic medical center. PATIENTS AND SUBJECTS One hundred nine severe sepsis and 50 control subjects. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Plasma and urine were obtained in control subjects and within 48 hrs of diagnosis in severe sepsis patients. The arginine-to-dimethylarginine ratio was higher in control subjects vs. sepsis patients (median, 95; interquartile range, 85-114; vs. median, 34; interquartile range, 24-48; p < .001) and in hospital survivors vs. nonsurvivors (median, 39; interquartile range, 26-52; vs. median, 27; interquartile range, 19-32; p = .004). The arginine-to-dimethylarginine ratio was correlated with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (Spearman's correlation coefficient [ρ] = - 0.40; p < .001) and organ-failure free days (ρ = 0.30; p = .001). A declining arginine-to-dimethylarginine ratio was independently associated with hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.63 per quartile; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-2.65; p = .048) and risk of death over the course of 6 months (hazard ratio, 1.41 per quartile; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.98; p = .043). The arginine-to-dimethylarginine ratio was correlated with the urinary nitrate-to-creatinine ratio (ρ = 0.46; p < .001). CONCLUSIONS The arginine-to-dimethylarginine ratio is associated with severe sepsis, severity of illness, and clinical outcomes. The arginine-to-dimethylarginine ratio may be a useful biomarker, and interventions designed to augment systemic arginine availability in severe sepsis may still be worthy of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Gough
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Mary Anne M. Morgan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Cynthia M. Mack
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
- Department of Nursing, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Denise C. Darling
- Department of Respiratory Care, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Lauren M. Frasier
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Kathleen P. Doolin
- Department of Nursing, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Michael J. Apostolakos
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Judith C. Stewart
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Brian T. Graves
- Department of Nursing, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Erland Arning
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Robert A. Mooney
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Mark W. Frampton
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Anthony P. Pietropaoli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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Desiderio C, Rossetti DV, Messana I, Giardina B, Castagnola M. Analysis of arginine and methylated metabolites in human plasma by field amplified sample injection capillary electrophoresis tandem mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:1894-902. [PMID: 20432477 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A CE ion trap tandem MS method was optimised for the analysis of arginine, monomethyl- and (symmetric and asymmetric) dimethylarginines in human plasma after a very reduced sample pretreatment step involving a simple protein precipitation with ACN. Several parameters affecting the analytes MS ionization and the capillary electrophoretic separation were carefully studied and optimised. The complete separation of arginine, monomethylarginine and symmetric and asymmetric dimethylarginine was obtained in formic acid BGE in short analysis time with high specificity due to MS(2) detection of specific analytes fragments. In order to achieve the detection sensitivity suitable for the analysis of asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine in human plasma, the field amplified sample injection was applied. Due to stacking effects, this methodology allowed to operate a consistent on-line preconcentration of the analytes before running the electrophoresis. The method was validated for linearity, repeatability, recovery and accuracy and applied to the quantitative analysis of arginine, monomethyl- and dimethylarginines in human plasma of healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Desiderio
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
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Davis JS, Darcy CJ, Piera K, McNeil YR, Woodberry T, Anstey NM. Ex-vivo changes in amino acid concentrations from blood stored at room temperature or on ice: implications for arginine and taurine measurements. BMC Clin Pathol 2009; 9:10. [PMID: 19941666 PMCID: PMC2785822 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6890-9-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Determination of the plasma concentrations of arginine and other amino acids is important for understanding pathophysiology, immunopathology and nutritional supplementation in human disease. Delays in processing of blood samples cause a change in amino acid concentrations, but this has not been precisely quantified. We aimed to describe the concentration time profile of twenty-two amino acids in blood from healthy volunteers, stored at room temperature or on ice. Methods Venous blood was taken from six healthy volunteers and stored at room temperature or in an ice slurry. Plasma was separated at six time points over 24 hours and amino acid levels were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results Median plasma arginine concentrations decreased rapidly at room temperature, with a 6% decrease at 30 minutes, 25% decrease at 2 hours and 43% decrease at 24 hours. Plasma ornithine increased exponentially over the same period. Plasma arginine was stable in blood stored on ice, with a < 10% change over 24 hours. Plasma taurine increased by 100% over 24 hours, and this change was not prevented by ice. Most other amino acids increased over time at room temperature but not on ice. Conclusion Plasma arginine concentrations in stored blood fall rapidly at room temperature, but remain stable on ice for at least 24 hours. Blood samples taken for the determination of plasma amino acid concentrations either should be placed immediately on ice or processed within 30 minutes of collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S Davis
- International Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0810, Australia.
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Zinellu A, Carru C. Reply to the letter “Albumin from human serum does not contain asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA)” by Dimitrios Tsikas and Bibiana Beckmann. Clin Biochem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Martens-Lobenhoffer J, Schwedhelm E, Tsikas D. Quantification of arginine and its mono- and dimethylated analogs NMMA, ADMA and SDMA in biological fluids by LC–MS/MS: Is LC superfluous? J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:3261-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2008] [Revised: 03/18/2009] [Accepted: 07/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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D'Apolito O, Paglia G, Tricarico F, Garofalo D, Pilotti A, Lamacchia O, Cignarelli M, Corso G. Development and validation of a fast quantitative method for plasma dimethylarginines analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Biochem 2008; 41:1391-5. [PMID: 18793626 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2008.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2008] [Revised: 08/05/2008] [Accepted: 08/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this work was to implement a fast, accurate and simple method to quantify plasma ADMA and SDMA, in a run time suitable for routine analysis. DESIGN AND METHODS We developed and validated a hydrophilic interaction chromatographic method coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) for separation and simultaneous quantification of Arginine (Arg) and its dimethylarginines, ADMA and SDMA, with a short run time (less than 5 min) using a small volume of human plasma (0.02 mL). RESULTS Correlation coefficients (r) of the calibration curves ranged from 0.9926 to 0.9984. Within-day and between-day imprecision (CV%) and inaccuracy (%), carry-over and recovery were also evaluated for validation. Preliminary data of Arg, ADMA and SDMA from 30 apparently healthy subjects and type 2 diabetic patients (n=33) with and without kidney dysfunction were calculated and some statistical differences occurred among them (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Data from calibration curves and quality controls reveal that the method is accurate and precise. Healthy subjects and diabetic patients' values are in agreement with those reported in other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oceania D'Apolito
- Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine-University of Foggia, Viale L. Pinto, 1-71100 Foggia, Italy
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Simultaneous determination of L-arginine and 12 molecules participating in its metabolic cycle by gradient RP-HPLC method: application to human urine samples. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 605:205-17. [PMID: 18036385 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2007] [Revised: 10/18/2007] [Accepted: 10/19/2007] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We have developed and described a highly sensitive, accurate and precise reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of L-arginine and 12 molecules participating in its metabolic cycle in human urine samples. After pre-column derivatization with ortho-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) reagent containing 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3MPA), the fluorescent derivatives were separated by a gradient elution and detected by fluorescence measurement at 338 nm (excitation) and 455 nm (emission). L-Arginine (ARG) and its metabolites: L-glutamine (GLN), N(G)-hydroxy-L-arginine (NOHA), L-citrulline (CIT), N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMMA), L-homoarginine (HARG), asymmetric N(G),N(G)-dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA), symmetric N(G),N(G')-dimethyl-L-arginine (SDMA), L-ornithine (ORN), putrescine (PUT), agmatine (AGM), spermidine (SPERMD) and spermine (SPERM) were extracted in a cation-exchange solid-phase extraction (SPE) column and after derivatization separated in a Purospher STAR RP-18e analytical column. The calibration curves of analysed compounds are linear within the range of concentration: 45-825, 0.2-15, 16-225, 12-285, 0.1-32, 15-235, 0.1-12, 0.1-12, 10-205, 0.02-12, 0.1-24, 0.01-10 and 0.01-8 nmol mL(-1) for GLN, NOHA, CIT, ARG, NMMA, HARG, ADMA, SDMA, ORN, PUT, AGM, SPERMD and SPERM, respectively. The correlation coefficients are greater than 0.9980. Coefficients of variation are not higher than 6.0% for inter-day precision. The method has been determined or tested for limits of detection and quantification, linearity, precision, accuracy and recovery. All detection parameters of the method demonstrate that it is a reliable and efficient means of the comprehensive determination of ARG and its 12 main metabolites, making this approach suitable for routine clinical applications. The levels of analysed compounds in human urine can be successfully determined using this developed method with no matrix effect.
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Meinitzer A, Puchinger M, Winklhofer-Roob BM, Rock E, Ribalta J, Roob JM, Sundl I, Halwachs-Baumann G, März W. Reference values for plasma concentrations of asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA) and other arginine metabolites in men after validation of a chromatographic method. Clin Chim Acta 2007; 384:141-8. [PMID: 17689511 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2007.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2007] [Revised: 07/03/2007] [Accepted: 07/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to the growing number of reports in the literature on ADMA as a possibly useful marker of endothelial health, its use in the clinical laboratory is of increasing interest. Age dependency and the small, but statistically significant differences between healthy subjects and disease groups are difficult to interpret. Additionally, levels of ADMA in comparable patient groups of different studies vary widely, even when similar methods have been used. METHODS After analytical evaluation of a chromatographic method according to international guidelines, we analysed asymmetrical (ADMA) and symmetrical dimethyl arginine (SDMA), homo-arginine and arginine in EDTA plasma of 292 healthy males aged 20 to 75 years (y) who had passed strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. For statistical analysis, 4 age groups were formed. Group differences were identified with the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS Calibration curves were linear throughout the selected ranges; the standard deviation for the regression line, recovery, imprecision, and accuracy results were all highly satisfactory. The reference ranges of ADMA for the 4 age groups are presented as age (mean+/-SD of age group, y); number of subjects; median, 2.5th-97.5th percentile: group <35 y: 26.7+/-4.0 y; n=78; 0.58, 0.43-0.69 micromol/L; group 35-49 y: 41.6+/-4.0 y; n=93; 0.59, 0.45-0.73 micromol/L; group 50-65 y: 57.5+/-4.2 y; n=82; 0.61, 0.46-0.78 micromol/L; and group >65 y: 69.6+/-3.3 y; n=39; 0.64, 0.54-0.79 micromol/L. CONCLUSIONS Only highly precise methods are able to detect small differences between groups. The application of an evaluated method to a well defined group of healthy subjects should provide a basis for comparison of ADMA concentrations in different patient populations of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Meinitzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
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Toth J, Racz A, Kaminski PM, Wolin MS, Bagi Z, Koller A. Asymmetrical Dimethylarginine Inhibits Shear Stress–Induced Nitric Oxide Release and Dilation and Elicits Superoxide-Mediated Increase in Arteriolar Tone. Hypertension 2007; 49:563-8. [PMID: 17242303 DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.0000256764.86208.3d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
l-arginine is the substrate used by NO synthase to produce the vasodilator NO. However, in several human diseases, such as hyperhomocysteinemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension, there is an increase in serum levels of methylated l-arginines, such as asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA), which cannot be used by NO synthase to produce NO. Yet, the functional consequence of increased levels of ADMA on the vasomotor function of resistance vessels has not been delineated. We hypothesized that elevated levels of exogenous ADMA inhibit NO mediation of flow/shear stress-dependent dilation of isolated arterioles. In the presence of indomethacin, isolated arterioles from rat gracilis muscle (approximately 165 microm at 80 mm Hg) were incubated with ADMA (10(-4) mol/L), which eliminated the dilations to increases in intraluminal flow (control: from 164+/-5.4 to 188+/-3.8 microm versus ADMA: from 171+/-6.1 to 173+/-6.3 microm at 20 microL/min). ADMA did not affect dilations to nifedipine (10(-6) mol/L; control: 63.4+/-2%, ADMA: 65.8+/-3%) or 8-bromo cGMP (10(-4) mol/L; control: 51.2+/-2.1%, ADMA: 49.3+/-3.4%). In addition, ADMA elicited significant constriction of arterioles (from 173+/-17 microm to 138+/-16 microm at 80 mm Hg), which was prevented by previous incubation of arterioles with polyethylene-glycol (PEG) superoxide dismutase (SOD; 120 U/mL, control: 155+/-11 microm versus ADMA: 150+/-14 microm). Correspondingly, ADMA increased PEG-SOD reversible manner the production of vascular superoxide assessed by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence and ethidium bromide fluorescence. Thus, increased levels of ADMA in various diseases could inhibit the regulation of arteriolar resistance by shear stress-induced release of NO and elicit superoxide-mediated increase in basal tone, both of which favor the development of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janos Toth
- Department of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Wanby P, Nilsson I, Brudin L, Nyhammar I, Gustafsson I, Carlsson M. Increased plasma levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine in patients with carotid stenosis: no evidence for the role of the common FABP2 A54T gene polymorphism. Acta Neurol Scand 2007; 115:90-6. [PMID: 17212611 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2006.00764.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), which is an inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and the fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) A54T gene polymorphism have been associated with cerebrovascular disease. The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of ADMA and the FABP2 A54T polymorphism in carotid atherosclerosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS 54 patients with severe carotid stenosis and 54 matched controls without significant carotid stenosis were compared. ADMA was analysed with an ELISA method. The FABP2 A54T polymorphism was determined with a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. RESULTS Patients with carotid stenosis had higher ADMA levels (0.76 +/- 0.16 micromol/l) than the controls (0.70 +/- 0.14 micromol/l, P < 0,01). Allele and genotype frequencies of the FABP2 polymorphism did not differ between patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS ADMA levels in subjects with carotid stenosis are increased which emphasize the role of ADMA as a novel risk factor for atherosclerosis and future cardiovascular risk. The FABP2 A54T polymorphism is not associated with severe carotid stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Wanby
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2007; 42:127-38. [PMID: 17199253 PMCID: PMC7166443 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In order to keep subscribers up‐to‐date with the latest developments in their field, John Wiley & Sons are providing a current awareness service in each issue of the journal. The bibliography contains newly published material in the field of mass spectrometry. Each bibliography is divided into 11 sections: 1 Books, Reviews & Symposia; 2 Instrumental Techniques & Methods; 3 Gas Phase Ion Chemistry; 4 Biology/Biochemistry: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins; Carbohydrates; Lipids; Nucleic Acids; 5 Pharmacology/Toxicology; 6 Natural Products; 7 Analysis of Organic Compounds; 8 Analysis of Inorganics/Organometallics; 9 Surface Analysis; 10 Environmental Analysis; 11 Elemental Analysis. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author (6 Weeks journals ‐ Search completed at 4th. Oct. 2006)
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2006; 41:1654-1665. [PMID: 17136768 DOI: 10.1002/jms.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Lücke T, Tsikas D, Kanzelmeyer N, Vaske B, Das AM. Elevated plasma concentrations of the endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine in citrullinemia. Metabolism 2006; 55:1599-603. [PMID: 17142130 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2006.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2006] [Accepted: 07/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Citrullinemia is an inborn error of the urea cycle with deficiency of the argininosuccinate synthase. It is characterized by elevated concentrations of l-citrulline and decreased levels of l-arginine in body fluids. Asymmetric dimethylarginine is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase that converts l-arginine to l-citrulline and nitric oxide (NO). Asymmetric dimethylarginine is hydrolyzed by the enzyme dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase to l-citrulline and dimethylamine. Elevation of l-citrulline in citrullinemia prompted us to study the l-arginine/NO pathway in this disorder. In 8 children with citrullinemia (3 days to 3 years of age), elevated plasma levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (P = .028) were found compared with age-matched healthy children. We hypothesize that the l-arginine/NO pathway plays a role in the pathophysiology of citrullinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lücke
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School of Hannover, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
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Horowitz JD, Heresztyn T. An overview of plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in health and disease and in clinical studies: methodological considerations. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2006; 851:42-50. [PMID: 17045556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2006] [Revised: 09/11/2006] [Accepted: 09/12/2006] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies among patients including those with known coronary disease demonstrate that small elevations in asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) concentrations in plasma are predictive of adverse outcomes. The precision of current methodologies for quantitation of ADMA such as HPLC, MS and ELISA is discussed with respect to many reports which appear to over-estimate ADMA levels and quote broad concentration ranges. While plasma ADMA concentrations tend to increase with age, the mean for a healthy population is between 0.4 and 0.6 microM. ADMA levels may fluctuate in normal subjects, and this needs to be considered in light of the relatively small differences in ADMA concentration between healthy normal subjects and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Horowitz
- Cardiology Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, 28 Woodville Road, Woodville South, SA, Australia.
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Martens-Lobenhoffer J, Bode-Böger SM. Chromatographic-mass spectrometric methods for the quantification of L-arginine and its methylated metabolites in biological fluids. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2006; 851:30-41. [PMID: 16949893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2006] [Revised: 07/17/2006] [Accepted: 07/20/2006] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
L-Arginine (Arg) and its methylated metabolites play a major role in the synthesis of the cell signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO). Arg serves as a substrate for the enzyme NO synthase (NOS), which produces NO, whereas monomethylarginine (L-NMMA) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) act as competitive inhibitors of NOS. Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) has virtually no inhibitory effect on NOS activity, but shares the pathway for cell entry and transport with Arg and ADMA. Accurate and reliable quantification of these substances in various biological fluids is essential for scientific research in this field. In this review, chromatographic-mass spectrometric methods for Arg and its methylated metabolites ADMA and SDMA are discussed. Mass spectrometric detection provides an intrinsic higher selectivity than detection by means of UV absorbance or fluorescence. Taking advantage of the high selectivity, approaches involving mass spectrometric detection require less laborious sample preparation and produce reliable results. A consensus emerges that the concentration values in plasma of young healthy volunteers are about 65 microM for Arg, 0.4 microM for ADMA and 0.5 microM for SDMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Martens-Lobenhoffer
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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Martens-Lobenhoffer J, Bode-Böger SM. Fast and Efficient Determination of Arginine, Symmetric Dimethylarginine, and Asymmetric Dimethylarginine in Biological Fluids by Hydrophilic-Interaction Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Clin Chem 2006; 52:488-93. [PMID: 16384887 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2005.060152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackground: Nitric oxide is synthesized from the amino acid Arg by the enzyme endothelial nitric oxide synthase, which is competitively inhibited by the arginine metabolite asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). In this way, increased concentrations of ADMA lead to reduced nitric oxide production associated with a range of cardiac diseases. Research in this field requires the measurement of Arg and of ADMA and its closely related substance, symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA).Methods: We quantified Arg, ADMA, and SDMA in human plasma, human urine, and cell culture supernatant by HPLC–electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Sample preparation required only protein precipitation. Separation was by liquid chromatography on a 150 × 3 mm silica column with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of water–acetonitrile–trifluoroacetic acid–propionic acid (10:90:0.025:1 by volume). The chromatographic run time was 7 min.Results: The chromatograms were interference-free in all matrices. In the low-concentration quality-control samples, the interassay CVs in plasma were 4.7% for Arg, 7.7% for ADMA, and 4.9% for SDMA. Similar values were obtained in urine and cell culture supernatants. The calibration functions were linear and covered the ranges of healthy and pathologic samples.Conclusion: The new method requires neither derivatization nor complete chromatographic separation between ADMA and SDMA for quantification of the 3 metabolites, has calibration functions that are independent of the sample matrix, and provides measured concentrations that agree with those reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Martens-Lobenhoffer
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, University Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and the risk for coronary heart disease: the multicenter CARDIAC study. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s00228-005-0014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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