1
|
Zhu LB, Zhu HD, Huang ZH, Cao HH, Ayaz S, Yang JY, Chen XY, Zhang Y, Liu SH, Xu JP. BmNPV p35 regulates apoptosis in Bombyx mori via a novel target of interaction with the BmVDAC2-BmRACK1 complex. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 169:104125. [PMID: 38616030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2) is an important channel protein that plays a crucial role in the host response to viral infection. The receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) is also a key host factor involved in viral replication. Our previous research revealed that Bombyx mori VDAC2 (BmVDAC2) and B. mori RACK1 (BmRACK1) may interact with Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), though the specific molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the interaction between BmVDAC2 and BmRACK1 in the mitochondria was determined by various methods. We found that BmNPV p35 interacts directly with BmVDAC2 rather than BmRACK1. BmNPV infection significantly reduced the expression of BmVDAC2, and activated the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Overexpression of BmVDAC2 in BmN cells inhibited BmNPV-induced cytochrome c (cyto c) release, decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential as well as apoptosis. Additionally, the inhibition of cyto c release by BmVDAC2 requires the involvement of BmRACK1 and protein kinase C. Interestingly, overexpression of p35 inhibited cyto c release during mitochondrial apoptosis in a RACK1 and VDAC2-dependent manner. Even the mutant p35, which loses Caspase inhibitory activity, could still bind to VDAC2 and inhibit cyto c release. In summary, our results indicated that BmNPV p35 interacts with the VDAC2-RACK1 complex to regulate apoptosis by inhibiting cyto c release. These findings confirm the interaction between BmVDAC2 and BmRACK1, the interaction between p35 and the VDAC2-RACK1 complex, and a novel target that BmNPV p35 regulates apoptosis in Bombyx mori via interaction with the BmVDAC2-BmRACK1 complex. The result provide an initial exploration of the function of this interaction in the BmNPV-induced mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Bao Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China; Institute of Sericulture and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Han-Dan Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Huang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hui-Hua Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Sadaf Ayaz
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jia-Yue Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xi-Ya Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shi-Huo Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Jia-Ping Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang JZ, Ong SE, Baker D, Maly DJ. Single-cell signaling analysis reveals that Major Vault Protein facilitates RasG12C inhibitor resistance. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.02.560617. [PMID: 37873412 PMCID: PMC10592919 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.02.560617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Recently developed covalent inhibitors for RasG12C provide the first pharmacological tools to target mutant Ras-driven cancers. However, the rapid development of resistance to current clinical Ras G12C inhibitors is common. Presumably, a subpopulation of RasG12C-expressing cells adapt their signaling to evade these inhibitors and the mechanisms for this phenomenon are unclear due to the lack of tools that can measure signaling with single-cell resolution. Here, we utilized recently developed Ras sensors to profile the environment of active Ras and to measure the activity of endogenous Ras in order to pair structure (Ras signalosome) to function (Ras activity), respectively, at a single-cell level. With this approach, we identified a subpopulation of KRasG12C cells treated with RasG12C-GDP inhibitors underwent oncogenic signaling and metabolic changes driven by WT Ras at the golgi and mutant Ras at the mitochondria, respectively. Our Ras sensors identified Major Vault Protein (MVP) as a mediator of Ras activation at both compartments by scaffolding Ras signaling pathway components and metabolite channels. We found that recently developed RasG12C-GTP inhibitors also led to MVP-mediated WT Ras signaling at the golgi, demonstrating that this a general mechanism RasG12C inhibitor resistance. Overall, single-cell analysis of structure-function relationships enabled the discovery of a RasG12C inhibitor-resistant subpopulation driven by MVP, providing insight into the complex and heterogenous rewiring occurring during drug resistance in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Z. Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Shao-En Ong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - David Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Dustin J. Maly
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Malik C, Ghosh S. A mutation in the S6 segment of the KvAP channel changes the secondary structure and alters ion channel activity in a lipid bilayer membrane. Amino Acids 2022; 54:1461-1475. [PMID: 35896819 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-022-03188-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The peptide segment S6 is known to form the inner lining of the voltage-gated K+ channel KvAP (potassium channel of archaea-bacterium, Aeropyrum pernix). In our previous work, it has been demonstrated that S6 itself can form an ion channel on a bilayer lipid membrane (BLM). In the present work, the role of a specific amino acid sequence 'LIG' in determining the secondary structure of S6 has been investigated. For this purpose, 22-residue synthetic peptides named S6-Wild (S6W) and S6-Mutant (S6M) were used. Sequences of these peptides are similar except that the two amino acids isoleucine and glycine of the wild peptide interchanged in the mutant peptide. Channel forming capabilities of both the peptides were checked electro-physiologically on BLM composed of DPhPC and cholesterol. Bilayer electrophysiological experiments showed that the conductance of S6M is higher than that of S6W. Significant differences in the current versus voltage (I-V) plot, open probability, and gating characteristics were observed. Interestingly, two sub-types of channels, S6M Type 1 and Type 2, were identified in S6M differing in conductances and open probability patterns. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy indicated that the secondary structures of the two peptides are different in phosphatidyl choline/asolectin liposomes and 1% SDS detergent. Reduced helicity of S6M was also noticed in membrane mimetic liposomes and 1% SDS detergent micelles. These results are interpreted in view of the difference in hydrophobicity of the two amino acids, isoleucine and glycine. It is concluded that the 'LIG' stretch regulates the structure and pore-forming ability of the S6 peptide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Malik
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Subhendu Ghosh
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Koren TDT, Shrivastava R, Siddiqui SI, Ghosh S. Calmodulin Modulates the Gating Properties of Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel from Rat Brain Mitochondria. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:4857-4871. [PMID: 35758767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c10322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) is a key signaling protein that plays a decisive role in mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis and signaling and modulates the mitochondrial membrane properties. We propose that voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), one of the most abundant outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) proteins, could be its possible target or site of action. VDAC1 is known to play a crucial role in the mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling mechanism. Bilayer electrophysiology experiments show that CaM significantly reduces VDAC1's conductivity and modulates its gating as well as permeability properties. Also, spectrofluorimetric analysis indicates the possibility of binding CaM with VDAC1. Theoretical analysis of fluorescence data shows that the aforementioned protein-protein interaction is not linear, but rather it is a complex nonlinear process. In VDAC1, CaM binding site has been predicted using various bioinformatics tools. It is proposed that CaM could interact with VDAC1's outer-loop region and regulate its gating properties. Our findings suggest that VDAC1-CaM interaction could play a crucial role in the transport of ions and metabolites through the OMM and the regulation of the mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling mechanism through alteration of VDAC1's gating and conductive properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajan Shrivastava
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | | | - Subhendu Ghosh
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Homocysteine-Thiolactone Modulates Gating of Mitochondrial Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel (VDAC) and Protects It from Induced Oxidative Stress. J Membr Biol 2022; 255:79-97. [PMID: 35103807 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-022-00215-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The gating of the Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel (VDAC) is linked to oxidative stress through increased generation of mitochondrial ROS with increasing mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). It has been already reported that H2O2 increases the single-channel conductance of VDAC on a bilayer lipid membrane. On the other hand, homocysteine (Hcy) has been reported to induce mitochondria-mediated cell death. It is argued that the thiol-form of homocysteine, HTL could be the plausible molecule responsible for the alteration in the function of proteins, such as VDAC. It is hypothesized that HTL interacts with VDAC that causes functional abnormalities. An investigation was undertaken to study the interaction of HTL with VDAC under H2O2 induced oxidative stress through biophysical and electrophysiological methods. Fluorescence spectroscopic studies indicate that HTL interacts with VDAC, but under induced oxidative stress the effect is prevented partially. Similarly, bilayer electrophysiology studies suggest that HTL shows a reduction in VDAC single-channel conductance, but the effects are partially prevented under an oxidative environment. Gly172 and His181 are predicted through bioinformatics tools to be the most plausible binding residues of HTL in Rat VDAC. The binding of HTL and H2O2 with VDAC appears to be cooperative as per our analysis of experimental data in the light of the Hill-Langmuir equation. The binding energies are estimated to be - 4.7 kcal mol-1 and - 2.8 kcal mol-1, respectively. The present in vitro studies suggest that when mitochondrial VDAC is under oxidative stress, the effects of amino acid metabolites like HTL are suppressed.
Collapse
|