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Burgos CF, Cikutovic R, Alarcón M. MicroRNA expression in male infertility. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022; 34:805-818. [PMID: 35760398 DOI: 10.1071/rd21131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is a multifactorial disorder that involves different physiopathological mechanisms and multiple genes. In this sense, we analyse the role of miRNAs in this pathology. Gene expression analysis can provide relevant information to detect biomarkers, signalling pathways, pathologic mechanisms, and potential therapeutic targets for the disease. In this review, we describe four miRNA microarrays related to patients who present infertility diseases, including azoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and oligoasthenozoospermic. We selected 13 miRNAs with altered expressions in testis tissue (hsa-miR-122-5p, hsa-miR-145-5p, hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-193a-3p, hsa-miR-19a-3p, hsa-miR-23a-3p, hsa-miR-30b-5p, hsa-miR-34b-5p, hsa-miR-34c-5p, hsa-miR-374b-5p, hsa-miR-449a, hsa-miR-574-3p and hsa-miR-92a-3p), and systematically examine the mechanisms of four relevant miRNAs (hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-19a-3p, hsa-miR-92a-3p and hsa-miR-30b-5p) which we found that regulated a large number of proteins. An interaction network was generated, and its connections allowed us to identify signalling pathways and interactions between proteins associated with male infertility. In this way, we confirm that the most affected and relevant pathway is the PI3K-Akt signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Burgos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepcion, Chile
| | - R Cikutovic
- Universidad de Talca, Talca, 360000 Maule, Chile
| | - M Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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2
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Khanehzad M, Nourashrafeddin SM, Abolhassani F, Kazemzadeh S, Madadi S, Shiri E, Khanlari P, Khosravizadeh Z, Hedayatpour A. MicroRNA-30a-5p promotes differentiation in neonatal mouse spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:85. [PMID: 34108007 PMCID: PMC8188658 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00758-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in spermatogenesis is crucial and intrinsic factors and extrinsic signals mediate fate decisions of SSCs. Among endogenous regulators, microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical role in spermatogenesis. However, the mechanisms which individual miRNAs regulate self- renewal and differentiation of SSCs are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of miRNA-30a-5p inhibitor on fate determinations of SSCs. METHODS SSCs were isolated from testes of neonate mice (3-6 days old) and their purities were performed by flow cytometry with ID4 and Thy1 markers. Cultured cells were transfected with miRNA- 30a-5p inhibitor. Evaluation of the proliferation (GFRA1, PLZF and ID4) and differentiation (C-Kit & STRA8) markers of SSCs were accomplished by immunocytochemistry and western blot 48 h after transfection. RESULTS Based on the results of flow cytometry with ID4 and Thy1 markers, percentage of purity of SSCs was about 84.3 and 97.4 % respectively. It was found that expression of differentiation markers after transfection was significantly higher in miRNA-30a- 5p inhibitor group compared to other groups. The results of proliferation markers evaluation also showed decrease of GFRA1, PLZF and ID4 protein in SSCs transfected with miRNA-30a-5p inhibitor compared to the other groups. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that inhibition of miRNA-30a-5p by overexpression of differentiation markers promotes differentiation of Spermatogonial Stem Cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khanehzad
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Nourashrafeddin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Abolhassani
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokoofeh Kazemzadeh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Madadi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran
| | - Elham Shiri
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Parastoo Khanlari
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Khosravizadeh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azim Hedayatpour
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Herst PM, Dalvai M, Lessard M, Charest PL, Navarro P, Joly-Beauparlant C, Droit A, Trasler JM, Kimmins S, MacFarlane AJ, Benoit-Biancamano MO, Bailey JL. Folic acid supplementation reduces multigenerational sperm miRNA perturbation induced by in utero environmental contaminant exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2019; 5:dvz024. [PMID: 31853372 PMCID: PMC6911352 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) can induce epigenetic changes in the paternal germline. Here, we report that folic acid (FA) supplementation mitigates sperm miRNA profiles transgenerationally following in utero paternal exposure to POPs in a rat model. Pregnant founder dams were exposed to an environmentally relevant POPs mixture (or corn oil) ± FA supplementation and subsequent F1-F4 male descendants were not exposed to POPs and were fed the FA control diet. Sperm miRNA profiles of intergenerational (F1, F2) and transgenerational (F3, F4) lineages were investigated using miRNA deep sequencing. Across the F1-F4 generations, sperm miRNA profiles were less perturbed with POPs+FA compared to sperm from descendants of dams treated with POPs alone. POPs exposure consistently led to alteration of three sperm miRNAs across two generations, and similarly one sperm miRNA due to POPs+FA; which was in common with one POPs intergenerationally altered sperm miRNA. The sperm miRNAs that were affected by POPs alone are known to target genes involved in mammary gland and embryonic organ development in F1, sex differentiation and reproductive system development in F2 and cognition and brain development in F3. When the POPs treatment was combined with FA supplementation, however, these same miRNA-targeted gene pathways were perturbed to a lesser extend and only in F1 sperm. These findings suggest that FA partially mitigates the effect of POPs on paternally derived miRNA in a intergenerational manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Herst
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - M Dalvai
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - M Lessard
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - P L Charest
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - P Navarro
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - C Joly-Beauparlant
- Computational Biology Laboratory Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - A Droit
- Computational Biology Laboratory Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - J M Trasler
- Departments of Pediatrics, Human Genetics and Pharmacology & Therapeutics, and The Montreal Children's Hospital and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - S Kimmins
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - A J MacFarlane
- Nutrition Research Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M-O Benoit-Biancamano
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal University, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - J L Bailey
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
- Correspondence address. Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Laval University, Pavillon Paul-Comtois, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture. Tel: +1-418-571-7034; Fax: +1-418- 656-3766; E-mail:
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4
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Yuan B, Wu W, Zhang H, Gu H, Guo D, Jiang J, Wang X. Adenomatous polyposis coli as a predictor of environmental chemical-induced transgenerational effects related to male infertility. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22331. [PMID: 30934153 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to toxic environmental chemicals during pregnancy is a ubiquitous threat to health with potentially transgenerational consequences. However, the underlying mechanism of how transgenerational effects occur as part of environmental chemical exposure are not well understood. We investigated the potential molecular changes associated with dibutyl phthalate exposure that induced transgenerational effects, using a rat model. Through the analysis of the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we found some similar studies of environmental exposure induced transgenerational effects. Then, we analyzed one of the studies and our results to identify the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. This gene participated the most of the pathways and was upregulated in both studies. We used the miRWALK data set to predict the microRNAs which targeted the APC gene. We confirmed the miR-30 family were significantly downregulated in F3 testis tissues and targeted the APC gene. In conclusion, the miR-30 family/APC interaction is a potential mechanism for the transgenerational effects induced by the environmental chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beilei Yuan
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huazhong Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Gu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Guo
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juncheng Jiang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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5
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Tao M, Zhou Y, Li S, Zhong H, Hu H, Yuan L, Luo M, Chen J, Ren L, Luo J, Zhang C, Liu S. MicroRNA Alternations in the Testes Related to the Sterility of Triploid Fish. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 20:739-749. [PMID: 30084009 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-018-9845-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of understanding the molecular traits of the sterile triploid fish is sparse. Herein, we analyzed the microRNA (miRNA) alternations in the testes of the sterile triploid fish produced by crossing the tetraploid fish with the diploid fish, compared with those of tetraploids and diploids used as the controls. A total of 136, 134, and 142 conserved miRNAs and 105, 112, and 119 novel miRNAs were identified in the diploid, triploid, and tetraploid fish, respectively. The genes targeted by the differentially expressed miRNAs were identified and were enriched in the GO term cell surface receptor signaling pathway, cellular process, G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway, and metabolic process. KEGG pathway enrichment was also assessed to evaluate the target genes with differentially expressed miRNAs and these genes were enriched in four pathways (synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, cyanoamino acid metabolic process, and ascorbate and aldarate metabolism). Nine differentially expressed miRNAs were verified by quantitative real-time PCR analysis (qPCR). The upregulated miRNAs in triploids, including miR-101a, miR-199-5p, miR-214, miR-222, and miR-193a, showed the same results with high-throughput sequencing. Among the selected downregulated miRNAs, miR-7b and miR-153b had significantly lower expression levels in triploids. Dnah3 and Tekt1 genes targeted by miR-199-5p showed lower expression in triploids by qPCR. These verified differentially expressed miRNAs may participate in testicular development and sperm activity by targeting functional genes, which were identified with differential expression in the triploid. This evidence provides insights into the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of sterility in triploid cyprinids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Huan Zhong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Hong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Liujiao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Mi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Li Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jing Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource and School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Shaojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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6
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Yang F, Guan J, Li R, Li X, Niu J, Shang R, Qi J, Wang X. miR-1388 regulates the expression of nectin2l in Paralichthys olivaceus. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2018; 28:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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7
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miR-30 Family: A Promising Regulator in Development and Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9623412. [PMID: 30003109 PMCID: PMC5996469 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9623412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate posttranscriptional expression of target genes. Accumulating evidences have demonstrated that the miR-30 family, as a member of microRNAs, played a crucial regulating role in the development of tissues and organs and the pathogenesis of clinical diseases, which indicated that it may be a promising regulator in development and disease. This review aims to clarify the current progress on the regulating role of miR-30 family in tissues and organs development and related disease and highlight their research prospective in the future.
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8
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Li Y, Li J, Fang C, Shi L, Tan J, Xiong Y, Bin Fan, Li C. Genome-wide differential expression of genes and small RNAs in testis of two different porcine breeds and at two different ages. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26852. [PMID: 27229484 PMCID: PMC4882596 DOI: 10.1038/srep26852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Some documented evidences proved small RNAs (sRNA) and targeted genes are involved in mammalian testicular development and spermatogenesis. However, the detailed molecular regulation mechanisms of them remain largely unknown so far. In this study, we obtained a total of 10,716 mRNAs, 67 miRNAs and 16,953 piRNAs which were differentially expressed between LC and LW pig breeds or between the two sexual maturity stages. Of which, we identified 16 miRNAs and 28 targeted genes possibly related to spermatogenesis; 14 miRNA and 18 targeted genes probably associated with cell adhesion related testis development. We also annotated 579 piRNAs which could potentially regulate cell death, nucleosome organization and other basic biology process, which implied that those piRNAs might be involved in sexual maturation difference. The integrated network analysis results suggested that some differentially expressed genes were involved in spermatogenesis through the ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, Wnt and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, some particular miRNAs have the negative regulation roles and some special piRNAs have the positive and negative regulation roles in testicular development. Our data provide novel insights into the molecular expression and regulation similarities and diversities of spermatogenesis and testicular development in different pig breeds at different stages of sexual maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Li
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialian Li
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Yangxiang Pig Gene Technology limited Company, Guigang, 537120, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengchi Fang
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Shi
- Guangxi Yangxiang Incorporated Company, Guigang, 537100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajian Tan
- Guangxi Yangxiang Incorporated Company, Guigang, 537100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanzhu Xiong
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Fan
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Yangxiang Pig Gene Technology limited Company, Guigang, 537120, People's Republic of China
| | - Changchun Li
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
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9
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Taguchi YH. Apparent microRNA-Target-specific Histone Modification in Mammalian Spermatogenesis. Evol Bioinform Online 2015; 11:13-26. [PMID: 25780334 PMCID: PMC4345942 DOI: 10.4137/ebo.s21832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetics is an important mRNA expression regulator. However, how distinct epigenetic factors, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and promoter methylation, cooperatively regulate mRNA expression is rarely discussed. Recently, apparent miRNA regulation of promoter methylation was identified by bioinformatic analysis; however, it has not yet been experimentally confirmed. If miRNA regulation of other epigenetic factors were identified, it would reveal another layer of epigenetic regulation. In this paper, histone modifications (H3K4me1, H3K4me3, H3K27me3, H3K27ac, H3K9ac, and H2AZ) during mammalian spermatogenesis were studied and the apparent miRNA-target-specific histone modification was investigated by bioinformatic analyses of publicly available datasets. RESULTS We identified several miRNAs’ target genes that are significantly associated with histone modification during mammalian spermatogenesis. MiRNAs that target genes associated with the most significant histone modifications are expressed before or during spermatogenesis; thus the results were convincing. CONCLUSIONS In this paper, we identified apparent miRNA regulation of histone modifications using a bioinformatics approach. The biological mechanisms of this effect should be further experimentally investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-H Taguchi
- Department of Physics, Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Abstract
Hybrid male sterility is a common reproductive isolating barrier between species. Yet, little is known about the actual developmental causes of this phenomenon, especially in naturally hybridizing species. We sought to evaluate the developmental causes of hybrid male sterility, using spadefoot toads as our study system. Plains spadefoot toads (Spea bombifrons) and Mexican spadefoot toads (S. multiplicata) hybridize where they co-occur in the southwestern USA. Hybrids are viable, but hybrid males suffer reduced fertility. We compared testes size and developmental stages of sperm cell maturation between hybrid males and males of each species. We found that testes of hybrid males did not differ in mean size from pure-species males. However, hybrids showed a greater range of within-individual variation in testes size than pure-species males. Moreover, although hybrids produced similar numbers of early stage sperm cells, hybrids produced significantly fewer mature spermatozoids than pure-species males. Interestingly, an introgressed individual produced numbers of live sperm comparable to pure-species males, but the majority of these sperm cells were abnormally shaped and non-motile. These results indicate that hybrid incompatibilities in late sperm development serve as a reproductive isolating barrier between species. The nature of this breakdown highlights the possibilities that hybrid males may vary in fertility and that fertility could possibly be recovered in introgressed males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K. Wünsch
- Department of Animal Physiology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 5, D-72076, Germany
- Department of Biology, CB# 3280, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 25799-3280, USA
| | - Karin S. Pfennig
- Department of Biology, CB# 3280, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 25799-3280, USA
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Fullston T, Ohlsson Teague EMC, Palmer NO, DeBlasio MJ, Mitchell M, Corbett M, Print CG, Owens JA, Lane M. Paternal obesity initiates metabolic disturbances in two generations of mice with incomplete penetrance to the F2 generation and alters the transcriptional profile of testis and sperm microRNA content. FASEB J 2013; 27:4226-43. [PMID: 23845863 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-224048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 373] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is highly prevalent, and its incidence is increasing. The previous study showing a major effect of paternal obesity on metabolic health of offspring is confounded by comorbidity with diabetes. Therefore, we investigated the effect of diet-induced paternal obesity, in the absence of diabetes, on the metabolic health of two resultant generations and the molecular profiles of the testes and sperm. Founder (F0) male C57BL6 mice were fed either a high-fat diet (HFD) or a control diet (CD); n = 10/diet for a period of 10 wk. Testis expression of mRNA/microRNAs was analyzed by microarray and qPCR and sperm microRNA abundance by qPCR. Two subsequent generations were generated by mating F0 and then F1 mice to CD mice, and their metabolic health was investigated. All mice, other than F0 males, were maintained on a CD. HFD feeding induced paternal obesity with a 21% increase in adiposity, but not overt diabetes, and initiated intergenerational transmission of obesity and insulin resistance in two generations of offspring. This distinct phenotypic constellation is either partially or fully transmitted to both female and male F1 offspring and further transmitted through both parental lineages to the F2 generation, with a heightened effect on female F1 offspring (+67% in adiposity) and their F2 sons (+24% in adiposity). Founder male obesity altered the testes expression of 414 mRNAs by microarray and 11 microRNAs by qPCR, concomitant with alterations in sperm microRNA content and a 25% reduction in global methylation of germ cell DNA. Diet-induced paternal obesity modulates sperm microRNA content and germ cell methylation status, which are potential signals that program offspring health and initiate the transmission of obesity and impaired metabolic health to future generations. This study implicates paternal obesity in the transgenerational amplification of obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tod Fullston
- 1Level 3 Medical School South, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia 5005.
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12
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Novel genes from formation to function. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY 2012; 2012:821645. [PMID: 22811949 PMCID: PMC3395120 DOI: 10.1155/2012/821645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The study of the evolution of novel genes generally focuses on the formation of new coding sequences. However, equally important in the evolution of novel functional genes are the formation of regulatory regions that allow the expression of the genes and the effects of the new genes in the organism as well. Herein, we discuss the current knowledge on the evolution of novel functional genes, and we examine in more detail the youngest genes discovered. We examine the existing data on a very recent and rapidly evolving cluster of duplicated genes, the Sdic gene cluster. This cluster of genes is an excellent model for the evolution of novel genes, as it is very recent and may still be in the process of evolving.
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