1
|
Rajagopalan V, Schmithorst V, El-Ali A, Reynolds W, Lee V, Wallace J, Weinberg J, Johnson J, Votava-Smith J, Adibi J, Panigrahy A. Associations between Maternal Risk Factors and Intrinsic Placental and Fetal Brain Functional Properties in Congenital Heart Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:15178. [PMID: 36499505 PMCID: PMC9738149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between maternal risk factors (MRFs) (particularly pre-gravid obesity, diabetes, and hypertension) and congenital heart disease (CHD) to placental and fetal brain outcomes is poorly understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that MRF and CHD would be associated with reduced intrinsic placental and fetal brain function using a novel non-invasive technique. Pregnant participants with and without MRF and fetal CHD were prospectively recruited and underwent feto-placental MRI. Using intrinsic properties of blood oxygen level dependent imaging (BOLD) we quantified spatiotemporal variance of placenta and fetal brain. MRFs and CHD were correlated with functional characteristics of the placenta and fetal brain. Co-morbid MRF (hypertension, diabetes, and obesity) reduced spatiotemporal functional variance of placenta and fetal brain (p < 0.05). CHD predicted reduced fetal brain temporal variance compared to non-CHD (p < 0.05). The presence of both MRF and CHD was associated with reduced intrinsic pBOLD temporal variance (p = 0.047). There were no significant interactions of MRFs and CHD status on either temporal or spatial variance of intrinsic brain BOLD. MRF and CHD reduced functional characteristic of placenta and brain in fetuses. MRF modification and management during pregnancy may have the potential to not only provide additional risk stratification but may also improve neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Rajagopalan
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd., MS #32, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Vanessa Schmithorst
- Pediatric Imaging Research Center, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 2, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PUH Suite E204, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Alexander El-Ali
- Department of Radiology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 2, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - William Reynolds
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, 5607 Baum Blvd., Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA
| | - Vincent Lee
- Department of Radiology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 2, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Julia Wallace
- Department of Radiology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 2, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Jacqueline Weinberg
- Department of Cardiology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 3, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Jennifer Johnson
- Department of Cardiology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 3, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Jodie Votava-Smith
- Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd., MS #71, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Jennifer Adibi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ashok Panigrahy
- Pediatric Imaging Research Center, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 2, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PUH Suite E204, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Radiology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 2, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| |
Collapse
|