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Schramm J, Cronin I, McCarter R, Mandell JG, Downing T, Kanter J, Cross R, Olivieri L. Cardiac magnetic resonance haemodynamics in paediatric heart transplant patients: fick oximetry versus cardiac magnetic resonance phase contrast. Cardiol Young 2024; 34:262-267. [PMID: 37317547 PMCID: PMC10721722 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951123001440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifetime radiation exposure for paediatric orthotopic heart transplant (OHT) patients is significant with cardiac catheterisation as the dominant source. Interventional cardiac magnetic resonance is utilised to obtain simultaneous, radiation-free haemodynamics and flow/function measurements. We sought to compare invasive haemodynamic measurements and radiation exposure in traditional cardiac catheterisation, to comprehensive interventional cardiac magnetic resonance. METHODS Twenty-eight OHT patients who underwent 67 interventional cardiac magnetic resonance procedures at Children's National Hospital were identified. Both invasive oximetry with peripheral oxygen saturation (Fick) and cardiac magnetic resonance phase contrast measurements of pulmonary and systemic blood flow were performed. Systemic and pulmonary blood flow from the two modalities was compared using Bland-Altman, concordance analysis, and inter-reader correlation. A mixed model was implemented to account for confounding variables and repeat encounters. Radiation dosage data were collected for a contemporaneous cohort of orthotopic heart transplant patients undergoing standard, X-ray-guided catheterisation. RESULTS Simultaneous cardiac magnetic resonance and Fick have poor agreement in our study based on Lin's correlation coefficient of 0.68 and 0.73 for pulmonary and systemic blood flow, respectively. Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated a consistent over estimation of cardiac magnetic resonance cardiac output by Fick. The average indexed dose area product for patients undergoing haemodynamics with endomyocardial biopsy was 0.73 (SD ±0.6) Gy*m2/kg. With coronary angiography added, the indexed dose area product was 14.6 (SD ± 7.8) Gy*m2/kg. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac magnetic resonancemeasurements of cardiac output/index in paediatric orthotopic heart transplant patients have poor concordance with Fick estimates; however, cardiac magnetic resonance has good internal validity and inter-reader reliability. Radiation doses are small for haemodynamics with biopsy and increase exponentially with angiography, identifying a new target for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Schramm
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ileen Cronin
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Jason G Mandell
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Tacy Downing
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Joshua Kanter
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Russell Cross
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Laura Olivieri
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, One Children's Hospital DrivePittsburgh, PA, USA
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Treutlein C, Zeilinger MG, Dittrich S, Roth JP, Wetzl M, Heiss R, Wuest W, May MS, Uder M, Rompel O. Free-Breathing and Single-Breath Hold Compressed Sensing Real-Time MRI of Right Ventricular Function in Children with Congenital Heart Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2403. [PMID: 37510147 PMCID: PMC10377861 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13142403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Purpose: to compare right ventricular (RV) functional parameters in children with surgically repaired congenital heart disease (CHD) using single/double breath hold (BH) and free-breathing (FB) real-time compressed sensing (CS) cine cardiac magnetic resonance (cMRI) with standard retrospective segmented multi breath hold (RMB) cine cMRI. (2) Methods: Twenty patients with CHD underwent BH and FB, as well as RMB cine cMRI, at 3T to obtain a stack of continuous axial images of the RV. Two radiologists independently performed qualitative analysis of the image quality (rated on a 5-point scale; 1 = non-diagnostic to 5 = excellent) and quantitative analysis of the RV volume measurements. (3) Results: The best image quality was provided by RMB (4.5; range 2-5) compared to BH (3.9; range 3-5; p = 0.04) and FB (3.6; range 3-5; p < 0.01). The RV functional parameters were comparable among BH, FB, and RMB with a difference of less than 5%. The scan times for BH (44 ± 38 s, p < 0.01) and FB (24 ± 7 s, p < 0.01) were significantly reduced compared to for RMB (261 ± 68 s). (4) Conclusions: CS-FB and CS-BH real-time cine cMRI in children with CHD provides diagnostic image quality with excellent accuracy for measuring RV function with a significantly reduced scan time compared to RMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Treutlein
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Georg Zeilinger
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Dittrich
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Roth
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Wetzl
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rafael Heiss
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Stefan May
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Uder
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Rompel
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Beroukhim RS, Merlocco A, Gerardin JF, Tham E, Patel JK, Siddiqui S, Goot B, Farooqi K, Soslow J, Grotenhuis H, Hor K, Muthurangu V, Raimondi F. Multicenter research priorities in pediatric CMR: results of a collaborative wiki survey. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9022. [PMID: 37270629 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34720-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicenter studies in pediatric cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) improve statistical power and generalizability. However, a structured process for identifying important research topics has not been developed. We aimed to (1) develop a list of high priority knowledge gaps, and (2) pilot the use of a wiki survey to collect a large group of responses. Knowledge gaps were defined as areas that have been either unexplored or under-explored in the research literature. High priority goals were: (1) feasible and answerable from a multicenter research study, and (2) had potential for high impact on the field of pediatric CMR. Seed ideas were contributed by a working group and imported into a pairwise wiki survey format which allows for new ideas to be uploaded and voted upon ( https://allourideas.org ). Knowledge gaps were classified into 2 categories: 'Clinical CMR Practice' (16 ideas) and 'Disease Specific Research' (22 ideas). Over a 2-month period, 3,658 votes were cast by 96 users, and 2 new ideas were introduced. The 3 highest scoring sub-topics were myocardial disorders (9 ideas), translating new technology & techniques into clinical practice (7 ideas), and normal reference values (5 ideas). The highest priority gaps reflected strengths of CMR (e.g., myocardial tissue characterization; implementation of technologic advances into clinical practice), and deficiencies in pediatrics (e.g., data on normal reference values). The wiki survey format was effective and easy to implement, and could be used for future surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Beroukhim
- Department of Cardiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Anthony Merlocco
- Department of Cardiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jennifer F Gerardin
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Edythe Tham
- Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jyoti K Patel
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Saira Siddiqui
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Atlantic Health System, Morristown, NJ, USA
| | - Benjamin Goot
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kanwal Farooqi
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian-Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Soslow
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Heynric Grotenhuis
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Utrecht Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kan Hor
- Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Vivek Muthurangu
- Department of Cardiology, UCL Center for Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Francesca Raimondi
- Department of Cardiology, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Meyers B, Nyce J, Zhang J, Frank LH, Balaras E, Vlachos PP, Loke YH. Intracardiac Flow Analysis of the Right Ventricle in Pediatric Patients With Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot Using a Novel Color Doppler Velocity Reconstruction. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2023; 36:644-653. [PMID: 36822439 PMCID: PMC10247486 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repaired tetralogy of Fallot (RTOF) patients will develop right ventricular (RV) dysfunction from chronic pulmonary regurgitation (PR). Cardiac magnetic resonance sequences such as four-dimensional flow can demonstrate altered vorticity and flow energy loss (FEL); however, they are not as available as conventional echocardiography (echo). The study determined whether a novel, vendor-independent Doppler velocity reconstruction (DoVeR) could measure RV intracardiac flow in conventional echo of RTOF patients. The primary hypothesis was that DoVeR could detect increased vorticity and diastolic FEL in RTOF patients. METHODS Repaired tetralogy of Fallot patients with echo were retrospectively paired with age-/size-matched controls. Doppler velocity reconstruction employed the stream function-vorticity equation to approximate intracardiac flow fields from color Doppler. A velocity field of the right ventricle was reconstructed from the apical 4-chamber view. Vortex strength (VS, area integral of vorticity) and FEL were derived from DoVeR. Cardiac magnetic resonance and exercise stress parameters (performed within 1 year of echo) were collected for analysis. RESULTS Twenty RTOF patients and age-matched controls were included in the study. Mean regurgitant fraction was 40.5% ± 7.6%, and indexed RV end-diastolic volume was 158 ± 36 mL/m2. Repaired tetralogy of Fallot patients had higher total, mean diastolic, and peak diastolic VS (P = .0013, P = .0012, P = .0032, respectively) and higher total, mean diastolic, and peak diastolic body surface area-indexed FEL (P = .0016, P = .0022, P < .001, respectively). Peak diastolic indexed FEL and peak diastolic VS had weak-to-moderate negative correlation with RV ejection fraction (r = -0.52 [P = .019] and r = -0.49 [P = .030], respectively) and left ventricular ejection fraction (r = -0.47 [P = .034] and r = -0.64 [P = .002], respectively). Mean diastolic indexed FEL and VS had moderate-to-strong negative correlation with percent predicted maximal oxygen consumption (r = -0.69 [P = .012] and r = -0.75 [P = .006], respectively). CONCLUSIONS DoVeR can detect alterations to intracardiac flow in RTOF patients from conventional color Doppler imaging. Echo-based measures of diastolic VS and FEL correlated with ventricular function. DoVeR has the potential to provide serial evaluation of abnormal flow dynamics in RTOF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Meyers
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jonathan Nyce
- Department of Cardiology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, D.C
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Lowell H Frank
- Department of Cardiology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, D.C
| | - Elias Balaras
- School of Engineering & Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, D.C
| | - Pavlos P Vlachos
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Yue-Hin Loke
- Department of Cardiology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, D.C..
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Patel SG, Husain N, Rigsby CK, Robinson JD. Safety and Efficacy of Regadenoson for Pediatric Stress Perfusion Cardiac MRI with Quantification of Myocardial Blood Flow. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9091332. [PMID: 36138640 PMCID: PMC9497237 DOI: 10.3390/children9091332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial stress perfusion magnetic resonance imaging is a non-invasive tool to assess for myocardial ischemia and viability. Pediatric myocardial stress perfusion MRI can be challenging due to multiple intravenous lines, sedation, inadequate breath holding, fast heart rates, and complex anatomy. We performed a retrospective analysis in 39 children to evaluate safety and efficacy of regadenoson, a coronary vasodilator administered via a single intravenous line (6−10 mcg/kg), with respiratory motion correction (MOCO) and semi-quantitative blood flow analysis. Stress response data and adverse events were recorded, and image quality compared between native and MOCO reconstructions, assessing for perfusion deficits. Semi-quantitative analysis compared myocardial perfusion reserve index (MPRI) between patients who had a focal perfusion defect, patients who had undergone an orthotopic heart transplant, and non-transplant patients with no focal defects. Stress perfusion was completed in 38/39 patients (median age 15 years with a 41 ± 27% rise in heart rate (p < 0.005). Fifteen out of thirty-eight had transient minor side effects with no major adverse events. MOCO image quality was better than non-MOCO (4.63 vs. 4.01 at rest, p < 0.005: 4.41 vs. 3.84 at stress, p < 0.005). Reversible perfusion defects were seen in 4/38 patients with lower segmental mean MPRI in the area of the perfusion defect, nearing statistical significance when compared to non-transplant patients with no defects (0.78 ± 0.22 vs. 0.99 ± 0.36, p = 0.07). The global MPRI of the 16 patients who had undergone orthotopic heart transplant was significantly lower than the non-transplant patients (0.75 ± 0.22 vs. 0.92 ± 0.23, p = 0.03). Regadenoson is a safe and effective coronary vasodilator for pediatric stress perfusion MRI with MOCO producing better image quality and allowing for semi-quantitative assessment of perfusion deficits that correlate with qualitative assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani G. Patel
- Division of Cardiology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Nazia Husain
- Division of Cardiology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Cynthia K. Rigsby
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Medical Imaging, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Joshua D. Robinson
- Division of Cardiology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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6
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Ramirez-Suarez KI, Tierradentro-García LO, Otero HJ, Rapp JB, White AM, Partington SL, Harris MA, Vatsky SA, Whitehead KK, Fogel MA, Biko DM. Optimizing neonatal cardiac imaging (magnetic resonance/computed tomography). Pediatr Radiol 2022; 52:661-675. [PMID: 34657169 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-021-05201-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT perform an important role in the evaluation of neonates with congenital heart disease (CHD) when echocardiography is not sufficient for surgical planning or postoperative follow-up. Cardiac MRI and cardiac CT have complementary applications in the evaluation of cardiovascular disease in neonates. This review focuses on the indications and technical aspects of these modalities and special considerations for imaging neonates with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen I Ramirez-Suarez
- Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 734 Schuylkill Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA. .,Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Luis Octavio Tierradentro-García
- Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 734 Schuylkill Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA.,Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hansel J Otero
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jordan B Rapp
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ammie M White
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sara L Partington
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew A Harris
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Seth A Vatsky
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin K Whitehead
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark A Fogel
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David M Biko
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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