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Liu S, Han Z, Zhu D, Luan X, Deng L, Dong L, Yang M, Zhang Y. Field-based evidence for the enrichment of intrinsic antibiotic resistome stimulated by plant-derived fertilizer in agricultural soil. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 135:728-740. [PMID: 37778843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Animal manures have been demonstrated to enhance antibiotic resistance in agricultural soils. However, little is known about the effects of plant-derived fertilizer on soil antibiotic resistome. Herein, metagenomic sequencing was used to investigate the effects of a plant-derived fertilizer processed from sugarcane and beet on soil antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in a soybean field along crop growth stages. ARG profiles in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer were compared with those in the soils amended by chicken manure. The abundance and diversity of total ARGs in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer were significantly (P < 0.05) elevated at the sprout stage, to a level comparable to that in the manured soils. Whereas, unlike chicken manure mainly introducing manure-borne ARGs to soil, the plant-derived fertilizer was indicated to mainly enrich multidrug resistance genes in soil by nourishing indigenous bacteria. ARGs with abundances in amended soils significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in unamended soils at the sprout stage of soybean were considered as enriched ARGs. Decrease in the abundance of the enriched ARGs was observed in both the amended soils from the sprout to the harvest. Network analysis further identified Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes as the primary bacterial taxa involved in the temporal variation of the enriched ARGs in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer, while in manured soils were Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. As revealed by multivariate statistical analyses, variation of the enriched ARGs in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer was majorly attributed to the response of co-occurred bacteria to depleting nutrients, which was different from the failed establishment of manure-borne bacteria in the manured soils. Our study provided field-based evidence that plant-derived fertilizer stimulated the intrinsic antibiotic resistome, and proposed attention to the un-perceived risk since some clinically relevant ARGs originate and evolve from natural resistome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ziming Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiao Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Liujie Deng
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Harmless Treatment and Resource Utilization of Antibiotic Residues, Khorgos 835007, China
| | - Liping Dong
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Harmless Treatment and Resource Utilization of Antibiotic Residues, Khorgos 835007, China
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Tang T, Liu M, Du Y, Chen Y. Mechanism of action of single and mixed antibiotics during anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater: Microbial functional diversity and gene expression analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 219:115119. [PMID: 36549483 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism by which antibiotics in swine wastewater affect anaerobic digestion (AD) remains unclear. Herein, we investigated how single and mixed antibiotics affect AD in swine wastewater. Both single and mixed antibiotics stimulated methane production at actual concentrations of 0.5-2 mg/L. Low-dose antibiotics (0.5 mg/L) exerted the most significant stimulatory effect on methane production, which increased by 211.63% (single) and 60.93% (mixed), respectively. However, an increased dose decreased the stimulatory effect on methane production. Overall, single antibiotics were more beneficial for methane production than mixed antibiotics since single antibiotics could promote the conversion of propionic and butyric acid, while mixed antibiotics inhibited the process. Microbial community analysis showed that single and mixed antibiotics could also lead to large changes in functional acidogens, ultimately leading to changes in methanogenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Tang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Min Liu
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Ye Du
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Ying Chen
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China.
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Yuan Z, Xu W, He Z, Shen H. Poplar Sawdust Stack Self-Heating Properties and Variations of Internal Microbial Communities. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15031114. [PMID: 35161059 PMCID: PMC8840308 DOI: 10.3390/ma15031114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The heat accumulation generated by microbial metabolic activities during the storage of the sawdust may lead to spontaneous combustion accidents. This paper studied the Critical Ambient Temperature (CAT) variation of poplar sawdust at different stack dimensions and investigated the physicochemical properties as well as microbial community dynamics during the self-heating process of poplar sawdust stacks. From the self-heating substances test experiments and Frank-Kamenetskii (FK) theory, it was found that the CAT of poplar sawdust stacks would decrease from 158.27 °C to 102.46 °C with the increase of stack size from 0.1 m to 3.2 m. From the sawdust stack self-heating experiments, microbial metabolic activities were enhanced with the increasing moisture content (by watering) and oxygen (by turning over), which led to a remarkable increase of the sawdust stack temperature and the rapid decomposition of biochemical components (especially cellulose and hemicellulose). From the microbiological community analysis, at the thermophilic stage (around 60 °C, large amounts of heat release in compost bin), the existence of thermostable bacteria (such as Brevibacillus thermoruber, Bacillus thermoamylovorans and Paenibacillus barengoltzii belonging to Firmicutes) played an important role in degrading organic substances. The heat generated by the microbial metabolic activities might lead to spontaneous combustion eventually if sawdust stack is large enough. Therefore, the sawdust should be stacked in a cool and dry area while avoiding large amounts of storage in high humidity environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitao Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control & Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (W.X.); (Z.H.)
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (H.S.)
| | - Wenbin Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control & Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (W.X.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zili He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control & Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (W.X.); (Z.H.)
| | - Hao Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire Science and Technology, School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (H.S.)
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Genome Sequence of the Thermophilic Soil Bacterium Ureibacillus terrenus ATCC BAA-384 T. Microbiol Resour Announc 2021; 10:e0105421. [PMID: 34854732 PMCID: PMC8638579 DOI: 10.1128/mra.01054-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ureibacillus terrenus TH9AT (=ATCC BAA-384T) was isolated from uncultivated soil in Italy in 1995. We present a draft genome sequence for the type strain, with a predicted genome length of 2,936,851 bp, containing 2,766 protein-coding genes, 82 RNA genes, and 5 CRISPR arrays, with a G+C content of 42.5%.
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Giambra IJ, Jahan Y, Yin T, Engel P, Weimann C, Brügemann K, König S. Identification of Thermophilic Aerobic Sporeformers in Bedding Material of Compost-Bedded Dairy Cows Using Microbial and Molecular Methods. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102890. [PMID: 34679911 PMCID: PMC8532821 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Compost-bedded pack barns (CBP) reflect a novel dairy cattle housing system with favourable effects on animal health and animal behavior but can promote the growth of thermophilic aerobic sporeformers (TAS) in the composting lying surface. In our study, we determined a medium–high mean TAS concentration across all bedding samples of four different CBP groups. Six different TAS species were identified based on their 16S rRNA-gene sequence, with Bacillus licheniformis being the predominant species. Season, the moisture content of the bedding material and the relative humidity above the bedding material had significant influences on the amount of TAS in the bedding material of the CBP. In addition, the moisture content and the relative humidity above the bedding material significantly influenced the concentration of TAS species each. Other characteristics such as the bedding temperature, the bedded area/cow and the usage time of the bedding material had slight effects on the TAS species occurrence. Due to the negative effect of TAS on milk product quality, considering all identified farm characteristics to optimise TAS contents will contribute to sustainable CBP farming. Abstract Compost-bedded pack barns (CBP) are of increasing interest in dairy farming due to their positive effect on animal welfare. The temperature and the moisture content of the bedding material characterising the composting process can promote the growth of thermophilic aerobic sporeformers (TAS). Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine CBP bedding material characteristics, such as moisture content and temperature, and to determine TAS species. The dilution, the heat inactivation of all non-TAS species and the incubation of 13 bedding samples from four CBP groups resulted in a mean TAS amount over all samples of 4.11 log10 cfu/g bedding material. Based on the subsequent sequencing of parts of the 16S rRNA-gene of 99 TAS colonies, the TAS species Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus, Bacillus licheniformis, Geobacillus thermodenitrificans, Laceyella sacchari, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris and Ureibacillus thermosphaericus were identified. The moisture content of the bedding material, the relative humidity above the bedding material and the sampling season significantly affected the amount of TAS. The moisture content or relative humidity above the bedding material significantly influenced the concentration of Ureibacillus thermophaericus or Laceyella sacchari. Consequently, an optimal CBP management including a dry lying surface and an optimal composting process will contribute to a moderate microbial, especially TAS amount, and TAS species distribution.
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Zhou G, Qiu X, Zhang J, Tao C. Effects of seaweed fertilizer on enzyme activities, metabolic characteristics, and bacterial communities during maize straw composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 286:121375. [PMID: 31030066 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate microbial responses when seaweed fertilizer was added to maize straw compost. The metabolic characteristics and bacterial communities were assessed using 16S rRNA sequencing and Biolog analysis. Results showed that the urease, dehydrogenase, and metabolic activities improved on day 21 after the addition of seaweed fertilizer. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla in the compost. The relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were increased by addition of seaweed fertilizer during the early composting stage. Temperature, NH4+-N, NO3--N concentrations, and carbon source metabolism had close relationships with bacterial community variation during composting. A network analysis revealed that NO3--N content had a positive association with Aeromicrobium, and seaweed fertilizer application improved the growth of keystone species related to N cycling. These results suggested that seaweed fertilizer influenced bacterial community succession through its effects on N concentrations during the composting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixiang Zhou
- Poyang Lake Eco-economy Research Center, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiuwen Qiu
- Poyang Lake Eco-economy Research Center, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China; Office of Mountain-River-Lake Development Committee of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330046, China.
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chunyuan Tao
- Poyang Lake Eco-economy Research Center, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China
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Wang K, Chu C, Li X, Wang W, Ren N. Succession of bacterial community function in cow manure composing. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 267:63-70. [PMID: 30014999 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Succession of bacterial community, metabolism function and substrate utilization capacity in 60 days composting of cow manure were analyzed by 16S rRNA pyrosequencing, PICRUSt and Biolog method, respectively. The results showed that the number of bacterial OTUs increased from 176 in raw cow manure to 203 on Day-10, 220 on Day-30 and 313 on Day-60 of the composting, respectively. The PICRUSt analysis showed that the relative abundances of genes involved in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism increased by 28.5% and 22.4% during the incubation, respectively, but the abundances of the genes involved in nucleotide and amino acid metabolism decreased by 21.6% and 2.1%. Furthermore, the average well color development (AWCD) of carboxylic acids (0.99-0.48) and amino acids (1.61-0.89) in Biolog Eco-microplate displayed a steady downtrend through the composting process. Redundancy analysis showed that ORP, moisture and temperature could explain 68.1%, 17.6% and 14.2% of the variation in bacterial genera, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Chu Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Xiangkun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
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Huang MS, Cheng CC, Tseng SY, Lin YL, Lo HM, Chen PW. Most commensally bacterial strains in human milk of healthy mothers display multiple antibiotic resistance. Microbiologyopen 2018; 8:e00618. [PMID: 29577668 PMCID: PMC6341030 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent reports have shown that food‐borne or commensal bacteria can function as reservoirs of antibiotic resistance. However, the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates of most milk samples or the total bacterial counts (TBC) in human milk from healthy donors, are not fully understood in Taiwan. Thus, five healthy mothers were randomly recruited each month, and totally 30 mothers without any symptoms of infection were recruited over 6 months. Milk samples were then harvested and analyzed immediately after collection. The antibiotic susceptibility was analyzed in bacteria isolated from milk samples using nine clinically relevant antibiotics, such as oxacillin, ampicillin, cephalothin, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, clindamycin, gentamicin, and oxytetracycline. The Staphylococcus strains (48 isolates) found in milk resisted to 48.6 ± 20.1% selected antibiotics. Streptococcus‐related isolates (8 isolates) exhibited resistance to 41.7 ± 26.4% selected antibiotics. Acinetobacter isolates (5 isolates) were resistant to 66.7 ± 13.6% antibiotics, and Enterococcus isolates (5 isolates) were resistant to 73.3 ± 6.1% tested antibiotics. Rothia‐related isolates (4 isolates) were resisted to 58.2 ± 31.9% of tested antibiotics. In contrast, Corynebacterium isolates (5 isolates) were sensitive to 66%–100% of selected antibiotics. Furthermore, the TBC ranged from 40 to 710,000 CFU/ml, implying a wide spectrum of bacteria in milk from healthy mothers. Despite this, all milk donors were healthy during sampling, and they did not show any symptoms related to mastitis or subclinical mastitis. According to the previously described TBC criteria for the use of donated human milk, only 73% of the current milk samples could be accepted for the milk bank. In conclusion, the majority of the isolated bacterial strains from current human milk samples are multiresistant strains. In milk samples for preterm infants or milk banks, higher TBC levels or potentially antibiotic‐resistant bacteria in some milk samples have supported people using approaches to disinfect human milk partially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Sheng Huang
- Department of Medicine Laboratory, St. Mary's Hospital Luodong, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chang Cheng
- Laboratory Animal Service Center, Office of Research and Development, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ying Tseng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Lin
- Department of Obstetrics Central, St. Mary's Hospital Luodong, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min Lo
- Department of Nursing, St. Mary's Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wen Chen
- Department of Nursing, St. Mary's Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan, Taiwan
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Chen PW, Tseng SY, Huang MS. Antibiotic Susceptibility of Commensal Bacteria from Human Milk. Curr Microbiol 2016; 72:113-119. [PMID: 26494365 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-015-0925-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have focused on foodborne or commensal bacteria as vehicles of antibiotic resistance. However, the antibiotic resistance of milk bacteria from healthy donors is still vague in Taiwan. For this purpose, human milk samples were obtained from randomly recruited 19 healthy women between 3 and 360 days post-partum. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria from milk samples was determined. About 20 bacterial species were isolated from milk samples including Staphylococcus (6 species), Streptococcus (4 species), Enterococcus (2 species), Lactobacillus (1 species), and bacteria belonging to other genera (7 species). Some opportunistic or potentially pathogenic bacteria including Kluyvera ascorbata, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Actinomyces bovis, and Staphylococcus aureus were also isolated. Intriguingly, Staphylococcus isolates (22 strains) were resistant to 2–8 of 8 antibiotics, while Streptococcus isolates (3 strains) were resistant to 3–7 of 9 antibiotics, and members of the genus Enterococcus (5 strains) were resistant to 3–8 of 9 antibiotics. Notably, Staphylococcus lugdunensis, S. aureus, Streptococcus parasanguinis, Streptococcus pneumonia, and Enterococcus faecalis were resistant to vancomycin, which is considered as the last-resort antibiotic. Therefore, this study shows that most bacterial strains in human milk demonstrate mild to strong antibiotic resistance. Whether commensal bacteria in milk could serve as vehicles of antibiotic resistance should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Wen Chen
- Department of Nursing, St. Mary's Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Shu-Ying Tseng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mao-Sheng Huang
- Department of Medicine Laboratory, St. Mary's Hospital Luodong, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Comparison of characterization and microbial communities in rice straw- and wheat straw-based compost for Agaricus bisporus production. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 43:1249-60. [PMID: 27337959 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1799-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Rice straw (RS) is an important raw material for the preparation of Agaricus bisporus compost in China. In this study, the characterization of composting process from RS and wheat straw (WS) was compared for mushroom production. The results showed that the temperature in RS compost increased rapidly compared with WS compost, and the carbon (C)/nitrogen (N) ratio decreased quickly. The microbial changes during the Phase I and Phase II composting process were monitored using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. Bacteria were the dominant species during the process of composting and the bacterial community structure dramatically changed during heap composting according to the DGGE results. The bacterial community diversity of RS compost was abundant compared with WS compost at stages 4-5, but no distinct difference was observed after the controlled tunnel Phase II process. The total amount of PLFAs of RS compost, as an indicator of microbial biomass, was higher than that of WS. Clustering by DGGE and principal component analysis of the PLFA compositions revealed that there were differences in both the microbial population and community structure between RS- and WS-based composts. Our data indicated that composting of RS resulted in improved degradation and assimilation of breakdown products by A. bisporus, and suggested that the RS compost was effective for sustaining A. bisporus mushroom growth as well as conventional WS compost.
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Wang K, He C, You S, Liu W, Wang W, Zhang R, Qi H, Ren N. Transformation of organic matters in animal wastes during composting. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 300:745-753. [PMID: 26311195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The transformation of organic matters in swine, cow and chicken manures was compared and evaluated using elemental analysis, FTIR, (13)C NMR, pyrolysis/GC/MS, Biolog and multiple fluorochrome over 60 days composting. The results revealed that cow manure exhibited the greatest C/N and aromaticity, whereas chicken manure exhibited the highest nitrogen and sulfur contents. O-alkyl-C was predominant carbon structure in the three manures. Alkyl-C and carboxyl-C were decomposed dramatically in initial 10 days, and mineralization of O-alkyl-C dominated the curing stage. During pyrolysis of chicken, cow, and swine manures, the majority products were fatty acids, phenols and cholestene derivatives, respectively, however, phenols and cholestene derivatives were strongly reduced in the mature manures. Furthermore, microorganisms in the raw cow, chicken and swine manure demonstrated the highest degradation capabilities for carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids, respectively. Spatial differences in the contents of solid organics in the manure particles were negligible through detection by multiple staining methods during composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWER), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
| | - Chao He
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Shijie You
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWER), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
| | - Weijie Liu
- School of Life Science, The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWER), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Ruijun Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWER), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Huanhuan Qi
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Nanqi Ren
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
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Miller R, Kent D, Boor K, Martin N, Wiedmann M. Different management practices are associated with mesophilic and thermophilic spore levels in bulk tank raw milk. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:4338-51. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-9406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Erickson MC, Liao J, Ma L, Jiang X, Doyle MP. Thermal and nonthermal factors affecting survival of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes in animal manure-based compost mixtures. J Food Prot 2014; 77:1512-8. [PMID: 25198842 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of enteric pathogens in animal manures before field application is essential for mitigating the risk of foodborne illness associated with produce. Aerobic composting of manures has been advocated as an effective treatment for reducing pathogen populations, and heat is a major factor contributing to pathogen inactivation. This study was initiated to determine the potential contribution of both thermal and nonthermal (pH, volatile acids, and ammonia) factors to pathogen inactivation during aerobic composting in bioreactors for mixtures containing manure from various sources (dairy, chicken, and swine). The test mixtures were formulated with an initial moisture content of 60% and a C:N ratio of 20:1, using straw and cottonseed meal as amendments. Mixtures were then inoculated with Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes labeled with green fluorescent protein at initial populations of ca. 10(7) CFU/g. Three replicate trials of each treatment were conducted. Temperatures within the bioreactors were recorded at 30-min intervals, and duplicate samples were withdrawn daily from two sampling locations within the bioreactor. Significant regression models were derived relating decreases in pathogen populations to the degree of heat generated in the mixture (cumulative heat) and the pH of the mixture on the day before the pathogen losses were calculated (P < 0.0002). Although pathogens in swine manure compost mixtures were inactivated by the third day of composting, very little heat was generated in these mixtures, which were characterized by significantly higher levels of volatile acids compared with the other two compost mixtures. Therefore, volatile acids could help achieve pathogen inactivation when temperatures are too low such as when heat is lost too quickly at the surface of static compost piles or during winter composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Erickson
- Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, Georgia 30223-1797, USA.
| | - J Liao
- Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, Georgia 30223-1797, USA
| | - L Ma
- National Institute of Microbial Forensics and Food and Agricultural Biosecurity, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
| | - X Jiang
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0316, USA
| | - M P Doyle
- Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, Georgia 30223-1797, USA
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Yang SH, Cho JK, Lee SY, Abanto OD, Kim SK, Ghosh C, Lim JS, Hwang SG. Isolation and Characterization of Novel Denitrifying Bacterium Geobacillus sp. SG-01 Strain from Wood Chips Composted with Swine Manure. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 26:1651-8. [PMID: 25049754 PMCID: PMC4093810 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nitrate contamination in ground and surface water is an increasingly serious environmental problem and only a few bacterial strains have been identified that have the ability to remove nitrogen pollutants from wastewater under thermophilic conditions. We therefore isolated thermophilic facultative bacterial strains from wood chips that had been composted with swine manure under aerated high temperature conditions so as to identify strains with denitrifying ability. Nine different colonies were screened and 3 long rod-shaped bacterial strains designated as SG-01, SG-02, and SG-03 were selected. The strain SG-01 could be differentiated from SG-02 and SG-03 on the basis of the method that it used for sugar utilization. The 16S rRNA genes of this strain also had high sequence similarity with Geobacillus thermodenitrificans 465T (99.6%). The optimal growth temperatures (55°C), pH values (pH 7.0), and NaCl concentrations (1%) required for the growth of strain SG-01 were established. This strain reduced 1.18 mM nitrate and 1.45 mM nitrite in LB broth after 48 h of incubation. These results suggest that the G. thermodenitrificans SG-01 strain may be useful in the removal of nitrates and nitrites from wastewater generated as a result of livestock farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hak Yang
- Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, R. D. A. Gyeonggi 441-706, Korea
| | - Jin-Kook Cho
- Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, R. D. A. Gyeonggi 441-706, Korea
| | - Soon-Youl Lee
- Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, R. D. A. Gyeonggi 441-706, Korea
| | - Oliver D Abanto
- Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, R. D. A. Gyeonggi 441-706, Korea
| | - Soo-Ki Kim
- Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, R. D. A. Gyeonggi 441-706, Korea
| | - Chiranjit Ghosh
- Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, R. D. A. Gyeonggi 441-706, Korea
| | - Joung-Soo Lim
- Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, R. D. A. Gyeonggi 441-706, Korea
| | - Seong-Gu Hwang
- Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, R. D. A. Gyeonggi 441-706, Korea
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15
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Thermostable Hemicellulases of a Bacterium, Geobacillus sp. DC3, Isolated from the Former Homestake Gold Mine in Lead, South Dakota. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:3488-501. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-0784-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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16
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The impact of microbial biotransformation of catechin in enhancing the allelopathic effects of Rhododendron formosanum. PLoS One 2013; 8:e85162. [PMID: 24391991 PMCID: PMC3877349 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhododendron formosanum is distributed widely in the central mountains in Taiwan and the major allelopathic compound in the leaves has been identified as (-)-catechin, which is also a major allelochemical of an invasive spotted knapweed in North America. Soil microorganisms play key roles in ecosystems and influence various important processes, including allelopathy. However, no microorganism has been identified as an allelochemical mediator. This study focused on the role of microorganisms in the allelopathic effects of R. formosanum. The microorganism population in the rhizosphere of R. formosanum was investigated and genetic analysis revealed that the predominant genera of microorganisms in the rhizosphere of R. formosanum were Pseudomonas, Herbaspirillum, and Burkholderia. The dominant genera Pseudomonas utilized (-)-catechin as the carbon source and catalyzed the conversion of (-)-catechin into protocatechuic acid in vitro. The concentrations of allelochemicals in the soil were quantified by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry. The concentration of (-)-catechin in the soil increased significantly during the extreme rainfall in the summer season and suppressed total bacterial populations. Protocatechuic acid accumulation was observed while total bacterial populations increased abundantly in both laboratory and field studies. Allelopathic interactions were tested by evaluating the effects of different allelochemicals on the seed germination, radicle growth, and photosynthesis system II of lettuce. Protocatechuic acid exhibited higher phytotoxicity than (-)-catechin did and the effect of (-)-catechin on the inhibition of seed germination was enhanced by combining it with protocatechuic acid at a low concentration. This study revealed the significance of the allelopathic interactions between R. formosanum and microorganisms in the rhizosphere. These findings demonstrate that knowledge regarding the precise biotransformation process of (-)-catechin by microorganisms in the environment is necessary to increase our understanding of allelopathy.
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17
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Wang CM, Shia WY, Jhou YJ, Shyu CL. Occurrence and molecular characterization of reptilian Campylobacter fetus strains isolated in Taiwan. Vet Microbiol 2013; 164:67-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Ting ASY, Tay H, Peh KL, Tan WS, Tee CS. Novel isolation of thermophilic Ureibacillus terrenus from compost of empty fruit bunches (EFB) of oil palm and its enzymatic activities. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Maeda K, Hanajima D, Toyoda S, Yoshida N, Morioka R, Osada T. Microbiology of nitrogen cycle in animal manure compost. Microb Biotechnol 2011; 4:700-9. [PMID: 21375720 PMCID: PMC3815407 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2010.00236.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Composting is the major technology in the treatment of animal manure and is a source of nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas. Although the microbiological processes of both nitrification and denitrification are involved in composting, the key players in these pathways have not been well identified. Recent molecular microbiological methodologies have revealed the presence of dominant Bacillus species in the degradation of organic material or betaproteobacterial ammonia-oxidizing bacteria on nitrification on the surface, and have also revealed the mechanism of nitrous oxide emission in this complicated process to some extent. Some bacteria, archaea or fungi still would be considered potential key players, and the contribution of some pathways, such as nitrifier denitrification or heterotrophic nitrification, might be involved in composting. This review article discusses these potential microbial players in nitrification-denitrification within the composting pile and highlights the relevant unknowns through recent activities that focus on the nitrogen cycle within the animal manure composting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Maeda
- Hokkaido Research Subteam for Waste Recycling System, National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, National Agricultural and Food Research Organization, 1 Hitsujigaoka, Sapporo 062-8555, Japan.
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20
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Hoyles L, Honda H, Logan NA, Halket G, La Ragione RM, McCartney AL. Recognition of greater diversity of Bacillus species and related bacteria in human faeces. Res Microbiol 2011; 163:3-13. [PMID: 22041546 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2011.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In a study looking at culturable aerobic Actinobacteria associated with the human gastrointestinal tract, the vast majority of isolates obtained from dried human faeces belonged to the genus Bacillus and related bacteria. A total of 124 isolates were recovered from the faeces of 10 healthy adult donors. 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses showed the majority belonged to the families Bacillaceae (n=81) and Paenibacillaceae (n=3), with Bacillus species isolated from all donors. Isolates tentatively identified as Bacillus clausii (n=32) and Bacillus licheniformis (n=28) were recovered most frequently, with the genera Lysinibacillus, Ureibacillus, Oceanobacillus, Ornithinibacillus and Virgibacillus represented in some donors. Phenotypic data confirmed the identities of isolates belonging to well-characterized species. Representatives of the phylum Actinobacteria were recovered in much lower numbers (n=11). Many of the bacilli exhibited antimicrobial activity against one or more strains of Clostridium difficile, Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, with some (n=12) found to have no detectable cytopathic effect on HEp-2 cells. This study has revealed greater diversity within gut-associated aerobic spore-formers than previous studies, and suggests that bacilli with potential as probiotics could be isolated from the human gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley Hoyles
- Microbial Ecology and Health Group, Food Microbial Sciences Unit, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, Berkshire, UK.
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21
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Hayes D, Izzard L, Seviour R. Microbial ecology of autothermal thermophilic aerobic digester (ATAD) systems for treating waste activated sludge. Syst Appl Microbiol 2011; 34:127-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2010.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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ABDEL-MOHSEIN HS, SASAKI T, TADA C, NAKAI Y. Characterization and partial purification of a bacteriocin-like substance produced by thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis H1 isolated from cow manure compost. Anim Sci J 2011; 82:340-51. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2010.00835.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Xiao Y, Zeng GM, Yang ZH, Shi WJ, Huang C, Fan CZ, Xu ZY. Continuous thermophilic composting (CTC) for rapid biodegradation and maturation of organic municipal solid waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:4807-4813. [PMID: 19487122 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Revised: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Fewer and fewer municipal solid wastes are treated by composting in China because of the disadvantages of enormous investment, long processing cycle and unstable products in a conventional composting treatment. In this study, a continuous thermophilic composting (CTC) method, only a thermophilic phase within the process, has been applied to four bench-scale composting runs, and further compared with a conventional composting run by assessing the indexes of pH, total organic carbon (TOC), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), C/N ratio, germination index (GI), specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dehydrogenase activity. After composting for 14 days, 16 days, 18 days and 19 days in the four CTC runs, respectively, mature compost products were obtained, with quality similar to or better than which had been stabilized for 28 days in run A. The products from the CTC runs also showed favorable stability in room temperature environment after the short-term composting at high temperature. The study suggested CTC as a novel method for rapid degradation and maturation of organic municipal solid wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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24
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Székely AJ, Sipos R, Berta B, Vajna B, Hajdú C, Márialigeti K. DGGE and T-RFLP analysis of bacterial succession during mushroom compost production and sequence-aided T-RFLP profile of mature compost. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2009; 57:522-533. [PMID: 18654815 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-008-9424-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2008] [Accepted: 06/30/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The amount of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) harvested from compost is largely affected by the microbial processes taking place during composting and the microbes inhabiting the mature compost. In this study, the microbial changes during the stages of this specific composting process were monitored, and the dominant bacteria of the mature compost were identified to reveal the microbiological background of the favorable properties of the heat-treated phase II mushroom compost. 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA)-based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) molecular fingerprinting methods were used to track the succession of microbial communities in summer and winter composting cycles. DNA from individual DGGE bands were reamplified and subjected to sequence analysis. Principal component analysis of fingerprints of the composting processes showed intensive changes in bacterial community during the 22-day procedure. Peak temperature samples grouped together and were dominated by Thermus thermophilus. Mature compost patterns were almost identical by both methods (DGGE, T-RFLP). To get an in-depth analysis of the mature compost bacterial community, the sequence data from cultivation of the bacteria and cloning of environmental 16S rDNA were uniquely coupled with the output of the environmental T-RFLP fingerprints (sequence-aided T-RFLP). This method revealed the dominance of a supposedly cellulose-degrading consortium composed of phylotypes related to Pseudoxanthomonas, Thermobifida, and Thermomonospora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Székely
- Department of Microbiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
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25
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Wang CM, Shyu CL, Ho SP, Chiou SH. Characterization of a novel thermophilic, cellulose-degrading bacterium Paenibacillus sp. strain B39. Lett Appl Microbiol 2008; 47:46-53. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2008.02385.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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