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Zhang F, Boonmee S, Monkai J, Yang XY, Xiao W. Drechslerelladaliensis and D.xiaguanensis (Orbiliales, Orbiliaceae), two new nematode-trapping fungi from Yunnan, China. Biodivers Data J 2022; 10:e96642. [PMID: 36761641 PMCID: PMC9836436 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.10.e96642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nematode-trapping fungi are a highly specialised group in fungi and are essential regulators of natural nematode populations. At present, more than 130 species have been discovered in Zygomycota (Zoopagaceae), Basidiomycota (Nematoctonus), and Ascomycota (Orbiliaceae). Amongst them, nematode-trapping fungi in Orbiliaceae have become the research focus of carnivorous fungi due to their abundant species. During the investigation of carnivorous fungi in Yunnan, China, four fungal strains isolated from burned forest soil were identified as two new nematode-trapping species in Drechslerella (Orbiliaceae), based on multigene phylogenetic analysis and morphological characters. New information Drechslerelladaliensis sp. nov. is characterised by its ellipsoid, 1-2-septate macroconidia, clavate or bottle-shaped, 0-1-septate microconidia and unbranched, simple conidiophores. D.xiaguanensis sp. nov. is characterised by fusiform or spindle-shaped, 2-4-septate conidia and unbranched, simple conidiophores. Both of them produce constricting rings to capture nematodes. The phylogenetic analysis, based on combined ITS, TEF1-α and RPB2 sequences, determined their placement in Drechslerella. D.daliensis forms a basal lineage closely nested with D.hainanensis (YMF1.03993). D.xiaguanensis forms a sister lineage with D.bembicodes (1.01429), D.aphrobrocha (YMF1.00119) and D.coelobrocha (FWY03-25-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa Zhang
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand,Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, ChinaInstitute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali UniversityDaliChina,School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, ThailandSchool of Science, Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand
| | - Saranyaphat Boonmee
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand,School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, ThailandSchool of Science, Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand
| | - Jutamart Monkai
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand
| | - Xiao-Yan Yang
- Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, ChinaInstitute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali UniversityDaliChina,Key Laboratory of Yunnan State Education Department on Er’hai Lake Basin Protection and the Sustainable Development Research, Dali University, Dali, ChinaKey Laboratory of Yunnan State Education Department on Er’hai Lake Basin Protection and the Sustainable Development Research, Dali UniversityDaliChina,The provincial innovation team of biodiversity conservation and utility of the three parallel rivers from Dali University, Dali University, Dali, ChinaThe provincial innovation team of biodiversity conservation and utility of the three parallel rivers from Dali University, Dali UniversityDaliChina
| | - Wen Xiao
- Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, ChinaInstitute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali UniversityDaliChina,Key Laboratory of Yunnan State Education Department on Er’hai Lake Basin Protection and the Sustainable Development Research, Dali University, Dali, ChinaKey Laboratory of Yunnan State Education Department on Er’hai Lake Basin Protection and the Sustainable Development Research, Dali UniversityDaliChina,The provincial innovation team of biodiversity conservation and utility of the three parallel rivers from Dali University, Dali University, Dali, ChinaThe provincial innovation team of biodiversity conservation and utility of the three parallel rivers from Dali University, Dali UniversityDaliChina
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Senanayake IC, Pem D, Rathnayaka AR, Wijesinghe SN, Tibpromma S, Wanasinghe DN, Phookamsak R, Kularathnage ND, Gomdola D, Harishchandra D, Dissanayake LS, Xiang MM, Ekanayaka AH, McKenzie EHC, Hyde KD, Zhang HX, Xie N. Predicting global numbers of teleomorphic ascomycetes. FUNGAL DIVERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-022-00498-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AbstractSexual reproduction is the basic way to form high genetic diversity and it is beneficial in evolution and speciation of fungi. The global diversity of teleomorphic species in Ascomycota has not been estimated. This paper estimates the species number for sexual ascomycetes based on five different estimation approaches, viz. by numbers of described fungi, by fungus:substrate ratio, by ecological distribution, by meta-DNA barcoding or culture-independent studies and by previous estimates of species in Ascomycota. The assumptions were made with the currently most accepted, “2.2–3.8 million” species estimate and results of previous studies concluding that 90% of the described ascomycetes reproduce sexually. The Catalogue of Life, Species Fungorum and published research were used for data procurement. The average value of teleomorphic species in Ascomycota from all methods is 1.86 million, ranging from 1.37 to 2.56 million. However, only around 83,000 teleomorphic species have been described in Ascomycota and deposited in data repositories. The ratio between described teleomorphic ascomycetes to predicted teleomorphic ascomycetes is 1:22. Therefore, where are the undiscovered teleomorphic ascomycetes? The undescribed species are no doubt to be found in biodiversity hot spots, poorly-studied areas and species complexes. Other poorly studied niches include extremophiles, lichenicolous fungi, human pathogens, marine fungi, and fungicolous fungi. Undescribed species are present in unexamined collections in specimen repositories or incompletely described earlier species. Nomenclatural issues, such as the use of separate names for teleomorph and anamorphs, synonyms, conspecific names, illegitimate and invalid names also affect the number of described species. Interspecies introgression results in new species, while species numbers are reduced by extinctions.
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Zhou D, Xu J, Dong J, Li H, Wang D, Gu J, Zhang KQ, Zhang Y. Historical Differentiation and Recent Hybridization in Natural Populations of the Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora in China. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1919. [PMID: 34576814 PMCID: PMC8465350 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining the effects of nematode-trapping fungi (NTF) agents in order to control plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) in different ecological environments has been a major challenge in biological control applications. To achieve such an objective, it is important to understand how populations of the biocontrol agent NTF are geographically and ecologically structured. A previous study reported evidence for ecological adaptation in the model NTF species Arthrobotrys oligospora. However, their large-scale geographic structure, patterns of gene flow, their potential phenotypic diversification, and host specialization remain largely unknown. In this study, we developed a new panel of 20 polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR) markers and analyzed 239 isolates of A. oligospora from 19 geographic populations in China. In addition, DNA sequences at six nuclear gene loci and strain mating types (MAT) were obtained for these strains. Our analyses suggest historical divergence within the A. oligospora population in China. The genetically differentiated populations also showed phenotypic differences that may be related to their ecological adaptations. Interestingly, our analyses identified evidence for recent dispersion and hybridization among the historically subdivided geographic populations in nature. Together, our results indicate a changing population structure of A. oligospora in China and that care must be taken in selecting the appropriate strains as biocontrol agents that can effectively reproduce in agriculture soil while maintaining their nematode-trapping ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanyong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China; (D.Z.); (J.D.); (H.L.); (D.W.)
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China;
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Xingyi Normal University for Nationalities, Xingyi 562400, China
| | - Jianping Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China; (D.Z.); (J.D.); (H.L.); (D.W.)
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Jianyong Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China; (D.Z.); (J.D.); (H.L.); (D.W.)
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China;
| | - Haixia Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China; (D.Z.); (J.D.); (H.L.); (D.W.)
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China;
| | - Da Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China; (D.Z.); (J.D.); (H.L.); (D.W.)
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China;
| | - Juan Gu
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China;
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China; (D.Z.); (J.D.); (H.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China; (D.Z.); (J.D.); (H.L.); (D.W.)
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High Predatory Capacity of a Novel Arthrobotrys oligospora Variety on the Ovine Gastrointestinal Nematode Haemonchus contortus (Rhabditomorpha: Trichostrongylidae). Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10070815. [PMID: 34209763 PMCID: PMC8308572 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10070815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the worldwide development of anthelmintic resistance, new alternative approaches for controlling gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep are urgently required. In this work, we identified and characterized native nematode-trapping fungi. We collected seven isolates of fungi with the capacity to form adhesive, three-dimensional networks as the main mechanism to capture, kill, and consume nematodes. The nematode-trapping fungi were classified into two groups; the first group includes the R2-13 strain, showing faster growth, abundant aerial hyphae, scarce conidia production, bigger conidia, and it formed a clade with Arthrobotrys oligospora sensu stricto. The second comprises the A6, A12, A13, R2-1, R2-6, and R2-14 strains, showing a growth adhering to the culture medium, forming little aerial hyphae, smaller conidia, and these formed a sister clade to A. oligospora. Except for the R2-6 strain, conidia production was induced by light. In all the strains, the predatory capacity against the sheep gastrointestinal nematode Haemonchus contortus was greater than 58% compared with the control group. The A6 and A13 strains were the most active against the infective H. contortus third instar (L3) larvae, with an average capture capacity of 91%. Altogether, our results support evidence for a novel A. oligospora variety with high nematode-trapping activity and promissory in helminthic control.
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Zhang Y, Qiao M, Baral HO, Xu J, Zhang KQ, Yu ZF. Morphological and molecular characterization of Orbilia pseudopolybrocha and O. tonghaiensis, two new species of Orbiliaceae from China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:2664-2676. [PMID: 32238230 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined over 20 fungal specimens of the Orbiliaceae (Orbiliomycetes) from different regions in China. Our analyses based on morphological traits and the ITS rDNA sequences revealed two new Orbilia species with drechslerella-like asexual morphs. These new species are able to trap nematodes with constricting rings. In addition, Orbilia cf. orientalis is reported as a new cryptic Chinese variant of European collections of O. orientalis. All three species are described and illustrated in detail in this paper. Their phylogenetic relationships with other orbiliaceous species were identified based on their ITS sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, and Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650032, PR China
| | - Min Qiao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, and Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650032, PR China
| | - H O Baral
- Blaihofstrasse 42, Germany, D-72074 Tübingen
| | - Jianping Xu
- Department of Biology, McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, and Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650032, PR China
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, and Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650032, PR China
| | - Ze-Fen Yu
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650032, PR China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, and Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650032, PR China
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Chang F, Jia F, Lv R, Zhen L, Li Y, Wang Y. Changes in structure and function of bacterial and fungal communities in open composting of Chinese herb residues. Can J Microbiol 2019; 66:194-205. [PMID: 31790274 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2019-0347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, dynamic changes in bacterial and fungal communities, metabolic characteristics, and trophic modes in Chinese herb residues open composting for 30 days were analyzed by using high-throughput sequencing, PICRUSt, and FUNGuild, respectively. Bacillaceae and Basidiomycota predominated at the early composting stage, while Proteobacteria and Ascomycota became the dominant phyla during the active phase. Aerobic composting had a significant effect on bacterial metabolic characteristics and fungal trophic modes over the composting time. The function of the bacterial communities changed from environmental information processing to metabolism. Fungal communities changed as well, with the pathogenic fungi decreasing and wood saprotrophs increasing. These results indicated that open composting of Chinese herb residues not only influenced microbial community structure but also changed metabolic characteristics and trophic modes, which became the internal dynamics of composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Chang
- Research Center for Metabolites, Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, 76 Xiying Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710043, P.R. China.,Research Center for Metabolites, Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, 76 Xiying Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710043, P.R. China
| | - Fengan Jia
- Research Center for Metabolites, Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, 76 Xiying Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710043, P.R. China.,Research Center for Metabolites, Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, 76 Xiying Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710043, P.R. China
| | - Rui Lv
- Research Center for Metabolites, Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, 76 Xiying Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710043, P.R. China.,Research Center for Metabolites, Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, 76 Xiying Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710043, P.R. China
| | - Lisha Zhen
- Research Center for Metabolites, Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, 76 Xiying Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710043, P.R. China.,Research Center for Metabolites, Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, 76 Xiying Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710043, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Research Center for Metabolites, Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, 76 Xiying Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710043, P.R. China.,Research Center for Metabolites, Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, 76 Xiying Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710043, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Research Center for Metabolites, Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, 76 Xiying Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710043, P.R. China.,Research Center for Metabolites, Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, 76 Xiying Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710043, P.R. China
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Wu B, Hussain M, Zhang W, Stadler M, Liu X, Xiang M. Current insights into fungal species diversity and perspective on naming the environmental DNA sequences of fungi. Mycology 2019; 10:127-140. [PMID: 31448147 PMCID: PMC6691916 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2019.1614106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The global bio-diversity of fungi has been extensively investigated and their species number has been estimated. Notably, the development of molecular phylogeny has revealed an unexpected fungal diversity and utilisation of culture-independent approaches including high-throughput amplicon sequencing has dramatically increased number of fungal operational taxonomic units. A number of novel taxa including new divisions, classes, orders and new families have been established in last decade. Many cryptic species were identified by molecular phylogeny. Based on recently generated data from culture-dependent and -independent survey on same samples, the fungal species on the earth were estimated to be 12 (11.7-13.2) million compared to 2.2-3.8 million species recently estimated by a variety of the estimation techniques. Moreover, it has been speculated that the current use of high-throughput sequencing techniques would reveal an even higher diversity than our current estimation. Recently, the formal classification of environmental sequences and permission of DNA sequence data as fungal names' type were proposed but strongly objected by the mycologist community. Surveys on fungi in unusual niches have indicated that many previously regarded "unculturable fungi" could be cultured on certain substrates under specific conditions. Moreover, the high-throughput amplicon sequencing, shotgun metagenomics and a single-cell genomics could be a powerful means to detect novel taxa. Here, we propose to separate the fungal types into physical type based on specimen, genome DNA (gDNA) type based on complete genome sequence of culturable and uncluturable fungal specimen and digital type based on environmental DNA sequence data. The physical and gDNA type should have priority, while the digital type can be temporal supplementary before the physical type and gDNA type being available. The fungal name based on the "digital type" could be assigned as the "clade" name + species name. The "clade" name could be the name of genus, family or order, etc. which the sequence of digital type affiliates to. Facilitating future cultivation efforts should be encouraged. Also, with the advancement in knowledge of fungi inhabiting various environments mostly because of rapid development of new detection technologies, more information should be expected for fungal diversity on our planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Muzammil Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Marc Stadler
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Xingzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meichun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Devi G. Utilization of Nematode Destroying Fungi for Management of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes-A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.13005/bbra/2642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nematode destroying fungi are potential biocontrol agent for management of plant-parasitic nematodes. They inhibit nematode population through trapping devices or by means of enzymes and metabolic products. They regulate nematode behavior by interfering plant-nematode recognition, and promote plant growth. For more effective biocontrol, thorough understanding of the biology of nematode destroying fungi, targeted nematode pest and the soil ecology and environmental condition in the field is necessary. This review highlights different types of nematode destroying fungi, their mode of action as well as commercial products based on reports published in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitanjali Devi
- Department of Nematology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-785013, Assam, India
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