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Pu T, Kong Y, Kang S, Wang S, Guo J, Jia J, Wu K, Shi X, Wang K, Sun S, Li W. Mercury export from a glacier-fed river of Mt. Meili, southeastern Tibetan Plateau. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135306. [PMID: 39067291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg), a global contaminant, can sink into cryosphere and be released into runoff through meltwater. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) has been witnessing ongoing shrinkage of alpine glaciers. However, the export of Hg from melting glacier is still sparsely reported. From October 16, 2020 to October 15, 2021, we conducted daily observations to study the variation in total Hg concentrations and its export to the Mingyong River, a glacier-fed river in southeastern TP. Results showed that the Hg concentrations were high during the monsoon season but low during the non-monsoon period. The Hg in runoff correlated with the concentrations of total suspended particulates (TSP) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) during both monsoon and non-monsoon seasons (p < 0.01), and the correlation of Hg with other parameters showed seasonal variations. The input from meltwater, precipitation, and groundwater to riverine Hg were 8.3 g, 264.4 g, and 71.0 g, respectively, and the total export was 211.0 g (yield: 4.3 g/km2/year) in the hydrological year, indicating that Mingyong catchment act as a sink for Hg. For the entire TP, the annual export of Hg from glacier runoff was estimated to be 947.7 kg/year. Our study highlights the necessity for further investigations on Hg dynamics to understand the changes in the Hg cycle within glaciated aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Pu
- Yulong Snow Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development Field Science Observation and Research Station/Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yanlong Kong
- Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Shichang Kang
- Yulong Snow Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development Field Science Observation and Research Station/Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shijin Wang
- Yulong Snow Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development Field Science Observation and Research Station/Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junming Guo
- Yulong Snow Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development Field Science Observation and Research Station/Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jia Jia
- College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Kunpeng Wu
- Yunnan University, Kunming 650000, China
| | - Xiaoyi Shi
- College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shiwei Sun
- Yulong Snow Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development Field Science Observation and Research Station/Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing, Beijing 100029, China
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Feng M, Varliero G, Qi W, Stierli B, Edwards A, Robinson S, van der Heijden MGA, Frey B. Microbial dynamics in soils of the Damma glacier forefield show succession in the functional genetic potential. Environ Microbiol 2023; 25:3116-3138. [PMID: 37688461 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Glacier retreat is a visible consequence of climate change worldwide. Although taxonomic change of the soil microbiomes in glacier forefields have been widely documented, how microbial genetic potential changes along succession is little known. Here, we used shotgun metagenomics to analyse whether the soil microbial genetic potential differed between four stages of soil development (SSD) sampled along three transects in the Damma glacier forefield (Switzerland). The SSDs were characterized by an increasing vegetation cover, from barren soil, to biological soil crust, to sparsely vegetated soil and finally to vegetated soil. Results suggested that SSD significantly influenced microbial genetic potential, with the lowest functional diversity surprisingly occurring in the vegetated soils. Overall, carbohydrate metabolism and secondary metabolite biosynthesis genes overrepresented in vegetated soils, which could be partly attributed to plant-soil feedbacks. For C degradation, glycoside hydrolase genes enriched in vegetated soils, while auxiliary activity and carbohydrate esterases genes overrepresented in barren soils, suggested high labile C degradation potential in vegetated, and high recalcitrant C degradation potential in barren soils. For N-cycling, organic N degradation and synthesis genes dominated along succession, and gene families involved in nitrification were overrepresented in barren soils. Our study provides new insights into how the microbial genetic potential changes during soil formation along the Damma glacier forefield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maomao Feng
- Rhizosphere Processes Group, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gilda Varliero
- Rhizosphere Processes Group, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Weihong Qi
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics SIB, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Beat Stierli
- Rhizosphere Processes Group, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Arwyn Edwards
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Serina Robinson
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG), Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beat Frey
- Rhizosphere Processes Group, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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