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Nitta N, Tajima Y, Yamamoto Y, Moriya M, Matsudaira A, Hoshino Y, Nishio Y, Usuda Y. Fermentative production of enantiopure (S)-linalool using a metabolically engineered Pantoea ananatis. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:54. [PMID: 33653319 PMCID: PMC7923825 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01543-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Linalool, an acyclic monoterpene alcohol, is extensively used in the flavor and fragrance industries and exists as two enantiomers, (S)- and (R)-linalool, which have different odors and biological properties. Linalool extraction from natural plant tissues suffers from low product yield. Although linalool can also be chemically synthesized, its enantioselective production is difficult. Microbial production of terpenes has recently emerged as a novel, environmental-friendly alternative. Stereoselective production can also be achieved using this approach via enzymatic reactions. We previously succeeded in producing enantiopure (S)-linalool using a metabolically engineered Pantoea ananatis, a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family of bacteria, via the heterologous mevalonate pathway with the highest linalool titer ever reported from engineered microbes. Results Here, we genetically modified a previously developed P. ananatis strain expressing the (S)-linalool synthase (AaLINS) from Actinidia arguta to further improve (S)-linalool production. AaLINS was mostly expressed as an insoluble form in P. ananatis; its soluble expression level was increased by N-terminal fusion of a halophilic β-lactamase from Chromohalobacter sp. 560 with hexahistidine. Furthermore, in combination with elevation of the precursor supply via the mevalonate pathway, the (S)-linalool titer was increased approximately 1.4-fold (4.7 ± 0.3 g/L) in comparison with the original strain (3.4 ± 0.2 g/L) in test-tube cultivation with an aqueous-organic biphasic fermentation system using isopropyl myristate as the organic solvent for in situ extraction of cytotoxic and semi-volatile (S)-linalool. The most productive strain, IP04S/pBLAAaLINS-ispA*, produced 10.9 g/L of (S)-linalool in “dual-phase” fed-batch fermentation, which was divided into a growth-phase and a subsequent production-phase. Thus far, this is the highest reported titer in the production of not only linalool but also all monoterpenes using microbes. Conclusions This study demonstrates the potential of our metabolically engineered P. ananatis strain as a platform for economically feasible (S)-linalool production and provides insights into the stereoselective production of terpenes with high efficiency. This system is an environmentally friendly and economically valuable (S)-linalool production alternative. Mass production of enantiopure (S)-linalool can also lead to accurate assessment of its biological properties by providing an enantiopure substrate for study. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-021-01543-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhisa Nitta
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Tajima
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yoko Yamamoto
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Mika Moriya
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Akiko Matsudaira
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hoshino
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yousuke Nishio
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Usuda
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
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Paraskevopoulou V, Falcone FH. Polyionic Tags as Enhancers of Protein Solubility in Recombinant Protein Expression. Microorganisms 2018; 6:microorganisms6020047. [PMID: 29882886 PMCID: PMC6027335 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms6020047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the introduction of recombinant protein expression in the second half of the 1970s, the growth of the biopharmaceutical field has been rapid and protein therapeutics has come to the foreground. Biophysical and structural characterisation of recombinant proteins is the essential prerequisite for their successful development and commercialisation as therapeutics. Despite the challenges, including low protein solubility and inclusion body formation, prokaryotic host systems and particularly Escherichia coli, remain the system of choice for the initial attempt of production of previously unexpressed proteins. Several different approaches have been adopted, including optimisation of growth conditions, expression in the periplasmic space of the bacterial host or co-expression of molecular chaperones, to assist correct protein folding. A very commonly employed approach is also the use of protein fusion tags that enhance protein solubility. Here, a range of experimentally tested peptide tags, which present specific advantages compared to protein fusion tags and the concluding remarks of these experiments are reviewed. Finally, a concept to design solubility-enhancing peptide tags based on a protein’s pI is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Paraskevopoulou
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Franco H Falcone
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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Evaluation of rice tetraticopeptide domain-containing thioredoxin as a novel solubility-enhancing fusion tag in Escherichia coli. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 125:160-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Steinmetz EJ, Auldridge ME. Screening Fusion Tags for Improved Recombinant Protein Expression in E. coli with the Expresso® Solubility and Expression Screening System. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 90:5.27.1-5.27.20. [PMID: 29091274 DOI: 10.1002/cpps.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The simplicity, speed, and low cost of bacterial culture make E. coli the system of choice for most initial trials of recombinant protein expression. However, many heterologous proteins are either poorly expressed in bacteria, or are produced as incorrectly folded, insoluble aggregates that lack the activity of the native protein. In many cases, fusion to a partner protein can allow for improved expression and/or solubility of a difficult target protein. Although several different fusion partners have gained favor, none are universally effective, and identifying the one that best improves soluble expression of a given target protein is an empirical process. This unit presents a strategy for parallel screening of fusion partners for enhanced expression or solubility. The Expresso® Solubility and Expression Screening System includes a panel of seven distinct fusion partners and utilizes an extremely simple cloning strategy to enable rapid screening and identification of the most effective fusion partner. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Kumar S, Grewal J, Sadaf A, Hemamalini R, K. Khare S. Halophiles as a source of polyextremophilic α-amylase for industrial applications. AIMS Microbiol 2016. [DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2016.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Maffitt M, Auldridge M, Sen S, Floyd S, Krerowicz A, Uphoff M, Thompson J, Mead D, Steinmetz E. Rapid screening for protein solubility and expression. Nat Methods 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.f.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Arai S, Yonezawa Y, Okazaki N, Matsumoto F, Shibazaki C, Shimizu R, Yamada M, Adachi M, Tamada T, Kawamoto M, Tokunaga H, Ishibashi M, Blaber M, Tokunaga M, Kuroki R. Structure of a highly acidic β-lactamase from the moderate halophile Chromohalobacter sp. 560 and the discovery of a Cs(+)-selective binding site. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA. SECTION D, BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2015; 71:541-54. [PMID: 25760604 PMCID: PMC4356365 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004714027734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Environmentally friendly absorbents are needed for Sr(2+) and Cs(+), as the removal of the radioactive Sr(2+) and Cs(+) that has leaked from the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant is one of the most important problems in Japan. Halophilic proteins are known to have many acidic residues on their surface that can provide specific binding sites for metal ions such as Cs(+) or Sr(2+). The crystal structure of a halophilic β-lactamase from Chromohalobacter sp. 560 (HaBLA) was determined to resolutions of between 1.8 and 2.9 Å in space group P31 using X-ray crystallography. Moreover, the locations of bound Sr(2+) and Cs(+) ions were identified by anomalous X-ray diffraction. The location of one Cs(+)-specific binding site was identified in HaBLA even in the presence of a ninefold molar excess of Na(+) (90 mM Na(+)/10 mM Cs(+)). From an activity assay using isothermal titration calorimetry, the bound Sr(2+) and Cs(+) ions do not significantly affect the enzymatic function of HaBLA. The observation of a selective and high-affinity Cs(+)-binding site provides important information that is useful for the design of artificial Cs(+)-binding sites that may be useful in the bioremediation of radioactive isotopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Arai
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata-shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yonezawa
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata-shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Nobuo Okazaki
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata-shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Fumiko Matsumoto
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata-shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Chie Shibazaki
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata-shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Rumi Shimizu
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata-shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Yamada
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata-shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Motoyasu Adachi
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata-shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Taro Tamada
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata-shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Masahide Kawamoto
- Saga Prefectural Regional Industry Support Center, Kyushu Synchrotron Light Research Center, 8-7 Yayoigaoka, Tosu, Saga 841-0005, Japan
| | - Hiroko Tokunaga
- Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Matsujiro Ishibashi
- Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Michael Blaber
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata-shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, 1115 West Call Street, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4300, USA
| | - Masao Tokunaga
- Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Ryota Kuroki
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata-shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
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Efficient Expression of Antibody Fragments with the Brevibacillus Expression System. Antibodies (Basel) 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/antib3020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Ishibashi M, Hayashi T, Yoshida C, Tokunaga M. Increase of salt dependence of halophilic nucleoside diphosphate kinase caused by a single amino acid substitution. Extremophiles 2013; 17:585-91. [PMID: 23609188 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-013-0541-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (HsNDK) from an extremely halophilic archaea, Halobacterium salinarum, is composed of a homo hexamer, assembled as a trimer of basic dimeric units. It requires >2 M NaCl for refolding, although it does not require NaCl for stability or enzymatic activity below 30 °C. A HisN111L mutant with an N-terminal extension sequence containing hexa-His tag, in which Asn111 was replaced with Leu, was designed to be less stable between basic dimeric units. This mutant can lose between 6 and 12 hydrogen bonds between basic dimeric units in the hexamer structure. The HisN111L mutant had enhanced salt requirements for enzymatic activity and refolding even though the secondary structure of the HisN111L mutant was confirmed to be similar to the control, HisNDK, in low and high salt solutions using circular dichroism. We reported previously that G114R and D148C mutants, which had enhanced interactions between basic dimeric units, showed facilitated refolding and stabilization in low salt solution. The results of this study help to elucidate the process for engineering industrial enzymes by controlling subunit-subunit interactions through mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matsujiro Ishibashi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
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Zheng Y, Humphry M, Maguire JJ, Bennett MR, Clarke MCH. Intracellular interleukin-1 receptor 2 binding prevents cleavage and activity of interleukin-1α, controlling necrosis-induced sterile inflammation. Immunity 2013; 38:285-95. [PMID: 23395675 PMCID: PMC3659285 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Necrosis can induce profound inflammation or be clinically silent. However, the mechanisms underlying such tissue specificity are unknown. Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) is a key danger signal released upon necrosis that exerts effects on both innate and adaptive immunity and is considered to be constitutively active. In contrast, we have shown that necrosis-induced IL-1α activity is tightly controlled in a cell type-specific manner. Most cell types examined expressed a cytosolic IL-1 receptor 2 (IL-1R2) whose binding to pro-IL-1α inhibited its cytokine activity. In cell types exhibiting a silent necrotic phenotype, IL-1R2 remained associated with pro-IL-1α. Cell types possessing inflammatory necrotic phenotypes either lacked IL-1R2 or had activated caspase-1 before necrosis, which degraded and dissociated IL-1R2 from pro-IL-1α. Full IL-1α activity required cleavage by calpain after necrosis, which increased its affinity for IL-1 receptor 1. Thus, we report a cell type-dependent process that fundamentally governs IL-1α activity postnecrosis and the mechanism allowing conditional release of this blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zheng
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
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Secretory production of single-chain antibody (scFv) in Brevibacillus choshinensis using novel fusion partner. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:8569-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4695-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Arakawa T, Tokunaga H, Ishibashi M, Tokunaga M. Halophilic Properties and their Manipulation and Application. Extremophiles 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118394144.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Distinct Characteristics of Single Starch-Binding Domain SBD1 Derived from Tandem Domains SBD1-SBD2 of Halophilic Kocuria varians Alpha-Amylase. Protein J 2012; 31:250-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-012-9400-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Yamaguchi R, Inoue Y, Tokunaga H, Ishibashi M, Arakawa T, Sumitani JI, Kawaguchi T, Tokunaga M. Halophilic characterization of starch-binding domain from Kocuria varians α-amylase. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 50:95-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Revised: 10/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Takenaka S, Yoshida N, Yoshida KI, Murakami S, Aoki K. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of two distinct halotolerant extracellular proteases from Bacillus subtilis FP-133. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2011; 75:148-51. [PMID: 21228481 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.100588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We cloned the genes encoding the two distinct extracellular halotolerant proteases of Bacillus subtilis FP-133 Expro-I and Expro-II, which were classified as alkaline serine and neutral proteases respectively. Three-dimensional modeling suggested that acidic and polar amino acid residues located on the surface stabilize protein structure in the presence of relatively high NaCl concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Takenaka
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
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Arakawa T, Tokunaga H, Yamaguchi R, Tokunaga M. High solubility supports efficient refolding of thermally unfolded β-lactamase. Int J Biol Macromol 2010; 47:706-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2010.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Salt-dependent thermo-reversible α-amylase: cloning and characterization of halophilic α-amylase from moderately halophilic bacterium, Kocuria varians. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 89:673-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2882-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Revised: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 09/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Tokunaga H, Arakawa T, Tokunaga M. Novel soluble expression technologies derived from unique properties of halophilic proteins. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 88:1223-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2832-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Revised: 08/07/2010] [Accepted: 08/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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