1
|
Zhao M, Zhu Y, Wang H, Zhang W, Mu W. Recent advances on N-acetylneuraminic acid: Physiological roles, applications, and biosynthesis. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2023; 8:509-519. [PMID: 37502821 PMCID: PMC10369400 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
N-Acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), the most common type of Sia, generally acts as the terminal sugar in cell surface glycans, glycoconjugates, oligosaccharides, lipo-oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides, thus exerting numerous physiological functions. The extensive applications of Neu5Ac in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries make large-scale production of this chemical desirable. Biosynthesis which is associated with important application potential and environmental friendliness has become an indispensable approach for large-scale synthesis of Neu5Ac. In this review, the physiological roles of Neu5Ac was first summarized in detail. Second, the safety evaluation, regulatory status, and applications of Neu5Ac were discussed. Third, enzyme-catalyzed preparation, whole-cell biocatalysis, and microbial de novo synthesis of Neu5Ac were comprehensively reviewed. In addition, we discussed the main challenges of Neu5Ac de novo biosynthesis, such as screening and engineering of key enzymes, identifying exporters of intermediates and Neu5Ac, and balancing cell growth and biosynthesis. The corresponding strategies and systematic strategies were proposed to overcome these challenges and facilitate Neu5Ac industrial-scale production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Bloomage Biotechnology Corp., Ltd., Jinan, Shandong, 250010, PR China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tan Z, Li J, Hou J, Gonzalez R. Designing artificial pathways for improving chemical production. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 64:108119. [PMID: 36764336 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic engineering exploits manipulation of catalytic and regulatory elements to improve a specific function of the host cell, often the synthesis of interesting chemicals. Although naturally occurring pathways are significant resources for metabolic engineering, these pathways are frequently inefficient and suffer from a series of inherent drawbacks. Designing artificial pathways in a rational manner provides a promising alternative for chemicals production. However, the entry barrier of designing artificial pathway is relatively high, which requires researchers a comprehensive and deep understanding of physical, chemical and biological principles. On the other hand, the designed artificial pathways frequently suffer from low efficiencies, which impair their further applications in host cells. Here, we illustrate the concept and basic workflow of retrobiosynthesis in designing artificial pathways, as well as the most currently used methods including the knowledge- and computer-based approaches. Then, we discuss how to obtain desired enzymes for novel biochemistries, and how to trim the initially designed artificial pathways for further improving their functionalities. Finally, we summarize the current applications of artificial pathways from feedstocks utilization to various products synthesis, as well as our future perspectives on designing artificial pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaigao Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Department of Bioengineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Department of Bioengineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ramon Gonzalez
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Q, Wei G, Yang P, Wang C, Chen K, Ouyang P, Zhang A. One-pot biosynthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid from chitin via combination of chitin-degrading enzymes, N-acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase, and N-neuraminic acid aldolase. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1156924. [PMID: 37025634 PMCID: PMC10072123 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1156924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) possesses the ability to promote mental health and enhance immunity and is widely used in both medicine and food fields as a supplement. Enzymatic production of Neu5Ac using N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) as substrate was significant. However, the high-cost GlcNAc limited its development. In this study, an in vitro multi-enzyme catalysis was built to produce Neu5Ac using affordable chitin as substrate. Firstly, exochitinase SmChiA from Serratia proteamaculans and N-acetylglucosaminosidase CmNAGase from Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis SYBC-H1 were screened and combined to produce GlcNAc, effectively. Then, the chitinase was cascaded with N-acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase (AGE) and N-neuraminic acid aldolase (NanA) to produce Neu5Ac; the optimal conditions of the multi-enzyme catalysis system were 37°C and pH 8.5, the ratio of AGE to NanA (1:4) and addition of pyruvate (70 mM), respectively. Finally, 9.2 g/L Neu5Ac could be obtained from 20 g/L chitin within 24 h along with two supplementations with pyruvate. This work will lay a good foundation for the production of Neu5Ac from cheap chitin resources.
Collapse
|
4
|
Pang M, Zheng D, Jia P, Cao L. Novel Water-in-Oil Emulsions for Co-Loading Sialic Acid and Chitosan: Formulation, Characterization, and Stability Evaluation. Foods 2022; 11:foods11060873. [PMID: 35327295 PMCID: PMC8951255 DOI: 10.3390/foods11060873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to co-load sialic acid (SA) and chitosan in a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion and investigated its characterization and stability. Emulsions were prepared using two different oils (olive oil and maize oil) and polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) alone or in combination with lecithin (LE) as emulsifiers. The results revealed that the aqueous phase of 5% (w/v) SA and 2% (w/v) chitosan could form a stable complex and make the aqueous phase into a transparent colloidal state. Increasing the concentration of PGPR and LE presented different effects on emulsion formation between olive oil-base and maize oil-base. Two stable W/O emulsions that were olive oil-based with 1.5% (w/v) PGPR+ 0.5% (w/v) LE and maize oil-based with 2% (w/v) PGPR+ 0% (w/v) LE were obtained. Initial droplet size distribution curves of the two stable emulsions displayed unimodal distribution, and the rheological curves displayed the characteristics of shear thinning and low static shear viscosity. Moreover, the storage stability showed that there was no significant change in droplet size distribution and Sauter mean diameter of the emulsions at room temperature (25 °C) for 30 days. These results indicated that the W/O emulsions could effectively co-load and protect sialic acid and chitosan and thus could be a novel method for increasing the stability of these water-soluble bioactive compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Pang
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (M.P.); (D.Z.); (P.J.)
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Donglei Zheng
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (M.P.); (D.Z.); (P.J.)
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Pengpeng Jia
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (M.P.); (D.Z.); (P.J.)
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Lili Cao
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (M.P.); (D.Z.); (P.J.)
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang H, Lu L, Chen X. An overview and future prospects of sialic acids. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 46:107678. [PMID: 33285252 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acids (Sias) are negatively charged functional monosaccharides present in a wide variety of natural sources (plants, animals and microorganisms). Sias play an important role in many life processes, which are widely applied in the medical and food industries as intestinal antibacterials, antivirals, anti-oxidative agents, food ingredients, and detoxification agents. Most Sias are composed of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, >99%), and Sia is its most commonly used name. In this article, we review Sias in terms of their structures, applications, determination methods, metabolism, and production strategies. In particular, we summarise and compare different production strategies, including extraction from natural sources, chemical synthesis, polymer decomposition, enzymatic synthesis, whole-cell catalysis, and de novo biosynthesis via microorganism fermentation. We also discuss research on their physiological functions and applications, barriers to efficient production, and strategies for overcoming these challenges. We focus on efficient de novo biosynthesis strategies for Neu5Ac via microbial fermentation using novel synthetic biology tools and methods that may be applied in future. This work provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances on Sias, and addresses future challenges regarding their functions, applications, and production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiquan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Liping Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; College of life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xianzhong Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mindt M, Walter T, Kugler P, Wendisch VF. Microbial Engineering for Production of N-Functionalized Amino Acids and Amines. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e1900451. [PMID: 32170807 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
N-functionalized amines play important roles in nature and occur, for example, in the antibiotic vancomycin, the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, the cytostatic actinomycin, the siderophore aerobactin, the cyanogenic glucoside linamarin, and the polyamine spermidine. In the pharmaceutical and fine-chemical industries N-functionalized amines are used as building blocks for the preparation of bioactive molecules. Processes based on fermentation and on enzyme catalysis have been developed to provide sustainable manufacturing routes to N-alkylated, N-hydroxylated, N-acylated, or other N-functionalized amines including polyamines. Metabolic engineering for provision of precursor metabolites is combined with heterologous N-functionalizing enzymes such as imine or ketimine reductases, opine or amino acid dehydrogenases, N-hydroxylases, N-acyltransferase, or polyamine synthetases. Recent progress and applications of fermentative processes using metabolically engineered bacteria and yeasts along with the employed enzymes are reviewed and the perspectives on developing new fermentative processes based on insight from enzyme catalysis are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Mindt
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Biology and CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany.,BU Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Tatjana Walter
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Biology and CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Pierre Kugler
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Biology and CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Volker F Wendisch
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Biology and CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Multi-enzyme systems and recombinant cells for synthesis of valuable saccharides: Advances and perspectives. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
8
|
Microbial production of sialic acid and sialylated human milk oligosaccharides: Advances and perspectives. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:787-800. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
9
|
Kao CH, Chen YY, Wang LR, Lee YC. Production of N-acetyl-D-neuraminic Acid by Recombinant Single Whole Cells Co-expressing N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-2-epimerase and N-acetyl-D-neuraminic Acid Aldolase. Mol Biotechnol 2018; 60:427-434. [PMID: 29704158 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-018-0085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) is a costly precursor for many drugs such as anti-influenza antivirals. In a previous study, a whole-cell process for Neu5Ac production was developed using a combination of two Escherichia coli cells expressing Anabaena sp. CH1 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-2-epimerase (bage) and E. coli N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid aldolase (nanA), respectively. In this study, we constructed a bAGE and NanA co-expression system to improve Neu5Ac production. Two recombinant E. coli strains, E. coli BL21 (DE3) pET-bage-nanA (HA) and E. coli BL21 (DE3) pET-bage-2nanA (HAA), synchronously expressing bAGE and NanA were used as biocatalysts to generate Neu5Ac from N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and pyruvate. The HA biocatalysts produced 187.5 mM Neu5Ac within 8 h. The yield of GlcNAc was 15.6%, and the Neu5Ac production rate was 7.25 g/L/h. The most active HAA biocatalysts generated 412.6 mM Neu5Ac and a GlcNAc yield of 34.4%. HAA achieved a Neu5Ac production rate of 15.9 g/L/h, which surpassed those for all reported Neu5Ac production processes so far. The present study demonstrates that using recombinant E. coli cells synchronously expressing bAGE and NanA as biocatalysts could potentially be used in the industrial mass production of Neu5Ac.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Hung Kao
- Department of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung, 43302, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Bachelor Degree Program in Animal Healthcare, Hungkuang University, Taichung, 43302, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yih-Yuan Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Lian-Ren Wang
- Department of Bioagricultural Science, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Road, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yen-Chung Lee
- Department of Bioagricultural Science, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Road, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen X, Zhou J, Zhang L, Pu Z, Liu L, Shen W, Fan Y. Development of an Escherichia coli-based biocatalytic system for the efficient synthesis of N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid. Metab Eng 2018; 47:374-382. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
11
|
Molecular Characterization of a Novel N-Acetylneuraminate Lyase from a Deep-Sea Symbiotic Mycoplasma. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16030080. [PMID: 29510563 PMCID: PMC5867624 DOI: 10.3390/md16030080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) based novel pharmaceutical agents and diagnostic reagents are highly required in medical fields. However, N-acetylneuraminate lyase(NAL)for Neu5Ac synthesis is not applicable for industry due to its low catalytic efficiency. In this study, we biochemically characterized a deep-sea NAL enzyme (abbreviated form: MyNal) from a symbiotic Mycoplasma inhabiting the stomach of a deep-sea isopod, Bathynomus jamesi. Enzyme kinetic studies of MyNal showed that it exhibited a very low Km for both cleavage and synthesis activities compared to previously described NALs. Though it favors the cleavage process, MyNal out-competes the known NALs with respect to the efficiency of Neu5Ac synthesis and exhibits the highest kcat/Km values. High expression levels of recombinant MyNal could be achieved (9.56 mol L−1 culture) with a stable activity in a wide pH (5.0–9.0) and temperature (40–60 °C) range. All these features indicated that the deep-sea NAL has potential in the industrial production of Neu5Ac. Furthermore, we found that the amino acid 189 of MyNal (equivalent to Phe190 in Escherichia coli NAL), located in the sugar-binding domain, GX189DE, was also involved in conferring its enzymatic features. Therefore, the results of this study improved our understanding of the NALs from different environments and provided a model for protein engineering of NAL for biosynthesis of Neu5Ac.
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang Z, Zhuang W, Cheng J, Sun W, Wu J, Chen Y, Ying H. In Vivo Multienzyme Complex Coconstruction of N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Lyase and N-Acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase for Biosynthesis of N-Acetylneuraminic Acid. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:7467-7475. [PMID: 28791861 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic channeling enables efficient transfer of the intermediates by forming a multienzyme complex. To leverage the metabolic channeling for improved biosynthesis, we coexpressed N-acetylneuraminic acid lyase from C. glutamicum ATCC 13032 (CgNal) and N-acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase from Anabaena sp. CH1 (anAGE) in Escherichia coli and used the whole cell to synthesize N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) from N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and pyruvate. To get the multienzyme complex, polycistronic plasmid with high levels of CgNal and anAGE expression was constructed by tuning the orders of the genes. The Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence and aligned spacing (AS) distance were optimized. The E. coli Rosetta harboring the polycistronic plasmid pET-28a-SD2-AS1-CgNal-SD-AS-anAGE increased the production of Neu5Ac by 58.7% to 92.5 g/L in 36 h by whole-cell catalysis and by 21.9% up to 112.8 g/L in 24 h with the addition of Triton X-100.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University , No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University , No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University , No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University , No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jian Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University , No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Wujin Sun
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Jinglan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University , No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University , No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University , No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hanjie Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University , No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University , No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang P, Wang J, Pang Q, Zhang F, Wang J, Wang Q, Qi Q. Pathway optimization and key enzyme evolution of N-acetylneuraminate biosynthesis using an in vivo aptazyme-based biosensor. Metab Eng 2017; 43:21-28. [PMID: 28780284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
N-acetylneuraminate (NeuAc) biosynthesis has drawn much attention owing to its wide applications in many aspects. Previously, we engineered for the first time an artificial NeuAc biosynthetic pathway in Escherichia coli using glucose as sole substrate. However, rigorous requirements for the flux and cofactor balance make subsequent strain improvement rather difficult. In this study, an in vivo NeuAc biosensor was designed and applied for genetic screening the mutant library of NeuAc producer. Its NeuAc responsive manner was demonstrated using sfgfp as a reporter and a Ni2+-based selection system was developed to couple the cell growth with in vivo NeuAc concentration. Employing this selection system, the NeuAc biosynthesis pathway was optimized and the key enzyme NeuAc synthase was evolved, which improved the titer by 34% and 23%, respectively. The final strain produced up to 8.31g/L NeuAc in minimal medium using glucose as sole carbon source. This work demonstrated the effectiveness of NeuAc biosensor in genetic screening and great potential in metabolic engineering of other organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, National Glycoengineering Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, National Glycoengineering Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxiao Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, National Glycoengineering Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, National Glycoengineering Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Junshu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, National Glycoengineering Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, National Glycoengineering Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingsheng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, National Glycoengineering Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hönig M, Sondermann P, Turner NJ, Carreira EM. Enantioselective Chemo- and Biocatalysis: Partners in Retrosynthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8942-8973. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Hönig
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Philipp Sondermann
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Nicholas J. Turner
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology & School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Erick M. Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hönig M, Sondermann P, Turner NJ, Carreira EM. Enantioselektive Chemo- und Biokatalyse: Partner in der Retrosynthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201612462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Hönig
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Philipp Sondermann
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Nicholas J. Turner
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology & School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Erick M. Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Schmideder A, Schottroff F, Klermund L, Castiglione K, Weuster-Botz D. Studies on the enzymatic synthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid with continuously operated enzyme membrane reactors on a milliliter scale. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
17
|
Phosphate-catalyzed epimerization of N -acetyl- d -glucosamine to N -acetyl- d -mannosamine for the synthesis of N -acetylneuraminic acid. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2016.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
18
|
Esteban-Torres M, Reverón I, Santamaría L, Mancheño JM, de Las Rivas B, Muñoz R. The Lp_3561 and Lp_3562 Enzymes Support a Functional Divergence Process in the Lipase/Esterase Toolkit from Lactobacillus plantarum. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1118. [PMID: 27486450 PMCID: PMC4949240 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus plantarum species is a good source of esterases since both lipolytic and esterase activities have been described for strains of this species. No fundamental biochemical difference exists among esterases and lipases since both share a common catalytic mechanism. L. plantarum WCFS1 possesses a protein, Lp_3561, which is 44% identical to a previously described lipase, Lp_3562. In contrast to Lp_3562, Lp_3561 was unable to degrade esters possessing a chain length higher than C4 and the triglyceride tributyrin. As in other L. plantarum esterases, the electrostatic potential surface around the active site in Lp_3561 is predicted to be basic, whereas it is essentially neutral in the Lp_3562 lipase. The fact that the genes encoding both proteins were located contiguously in the L. plantarum WCFS1 genome, suggests that they originated by tandem duplication, and therefore are paralogs as new functions have arisen during evolution. The presence of the contiguous lp_3561 and lp_3562 genes was studied among L. plantarum strains. They are located in a 8,903 bp DNA fragment that encodes proteins involved in the catabolism of sialic acid and are predicted to increase bacterial adaptability under certain growth conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Esteban-Torres
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición, ICTAN-CSIC Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Reverón
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición, ICTAN-CSIC Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Santamaría
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición, ICTAN-CSIC Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Mancheño
- Departamento de Cristalografía y Biología Estructural, Instituto de Química-Física "Rocasolano," IQFR-CSIC Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca de Las Rivas
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición, ICTAN-CSIC Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición, ICTAN-CSIC Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Klermund L, Riederer A, Hunger A, Castiglione K. Protein engineering of a bacterial N-acyl-d-glucosamine 2-epimerase for improved stability under process conditions. Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 87-88:70-8. [PMID: 27178797 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic cascade reactions, i.e. the combination of several enzyme reactions in one pot without isolation of intermediates, have great potential for the establishment of sustainable chemical processes. However, many cascade reactions suffer from cross-inhibitions and enzyme inactivation by components of the reaction system. This study focuses on the two-step enzymatic synthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) using an N-acyl-d-glucosamine 2-epimerase from Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413 (AvaAGE) in combination with an N-acetylneuraminate lyase (NAL) from Escherichia coli. AvaAGE epimerizes N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) to N-acetyl-d-mannosamine (ManNAc), which then reacts with pyruvate in a NAL-catalyzed aldol condensation to form Neu5Ac. However, AvaAGE is inactivated by high pyruvate concentrations, which are used to push the NAL reaction toward the product side. A biphasic inactivation was observed in the presence of 50-800mM pyruvate resulting in activity losses of the AvaAGE of up to 60% within the first hour. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that pyruvate modifies one of the four lysine residues in the ATP-binding site of AvaAGE. Because ATP is an allosteric activator of the epimerase and the binding of the nucleotide is crucial for its catalytic properties, saturation mutagenesis at position K160 was performed to identify the most compatible amino acid exchanges. The best variants, K160I, K160N and K160L, showed no inactivation by pyruvate, but significantly impaired kinetic parameters. For example, depending on the mutant, the turnover number kcat was reduced by 51-68% compared with the wild-type enzyme. A mechanistic model of the Neu5Ac synthesis was established, which can be used to select the AvaAGE variant that is most favorable for a given process condition. The results show that mechanistic models can greatly facilitate the choice of the right enzyme for an enzymatic cascade reaction with multiple cross-inhibitions and inactivation phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig Klermund
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Amelie Riederer
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Annique Hunger
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Kathrin Castiglione
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhou J, Chen X, Lu L, Govender A, Yang H, Shen W. Enhanced production of N -acetyl- d -neuraminic acid by whole-cell bio-catalysis of Escherichia coli. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
21
|
Wu J, Ke X, Zhang X, Zhuang W, Zhou J, Ying H. Ion-exchange equilibrium of N-acetyl-d-neuraminic acid on a strong anionic exchanger. Food Chem 2015; 183:259-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
22
|
Ji W, Sun W, Feng J, Song T, Zhang D, Ouyang P, Gu Z, Xie J. Characterization of a novel N-acetylneuraminic acid lyase favoring industrial N-acetylneuraminic acid synthesis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9341. [PMID: 25799411 PMCID: PMC5380162 DOI: 10.1038/srep09341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
N-Acetylneuraminic acid lyase (NAL, E.C. number 4.1.3.3) is a Class I aldolase that catalyzes the reversible aldol cleavage of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) from pyruvate and N-acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc). Due to the equilibrium favoring Neu5Ac cleavage, the enzyme catalyzes the rate-limiting step of two biocatalytic reactions producing Neu5Ac in industry. We report the biochemical characterization of a novel NAL from a “GRAS” (General recognized as safe) strain C. glutamicum ATCC 13032 (CgNal). Compared to all previously reported NALs, CgNal exhibited the lowest kcat/Km value for Neu5Ac and highest kcat/Km values for ManNAc and pyruvate, which makes CgNal favor Neu5Ac synthesis the most. The recombinant CgNal reached the highest expression level (480 mg/L culture), and the highest reported yield of Neu5Ac was achieved (194 g/L, 0.63 M). All these unique properties make CgNal a promising biocatalyst for industrial Neu5Ac biosynthesis. Additionally, although showing the best Neu5Ac synthesis activity among the NAL family, CgNal is more related to dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DHDPS) by phylogenetic analysis. The activities of CgNal towards both NAL's and DHDPS' substrates are fairly high, which indicates CgNal a bi-functional enzyme. The sequence analysis suggests that CgNal might have adopted a unique set of residues for substrates recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Ji
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, PR China [2] College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China [3] National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wujin Sun
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, United States
| | - Jinmei Feng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianshun Song
- College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Dalu Zhang
- International Cooperation Division, China National Center for Biotechnology Development, Beijing, PR China
| | - Pingkai Ouyang
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, PR China [2] College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China [3] National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, United States
| | - Jingjing Xie
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, PR China [2] College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China [3] National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Klermund L, Riederer A, Groher A, Castiglione K. High-level soluble expression of a bacterial N-acyl-d-glucosamine 2-epimerase in recombinant Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif 2015; 111:36-41. [PMID: 25804337 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
N-Acyl-d-glucosamine 2-epimerase (AGE) is an important enzyme for the biocatalytic synthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac). Due to the wide range of biological applications of Neu5Ac and its derivatives, there has been great interest in its large-scale synthesis. Thus, suitable strategies for achieving high-level production of soluble AGE are needed. Several AGEs from various organisms have been recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli. However, the soluble expression level was consistently low with an excessive formation of inclusion bodies. In this study, the effects of different solubility-enhancement tags, expression temperatures, chaperones and host strains on the soluble expression of the AGE from the freshwater cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413 (AvaAGE) were examined. The optimum combination of tag, expression temperature, co-expression of chaperones and host strain (His6-tag, 37°C, GroEL/GroES, E. coli BL21(DE3)) led to a 264-fold improvement of the volumetric epimerase activity, a measure of the soluble expression, compared to the starting conditions (His6-maltose-binding protein-tag, 20°C, without chaperones, E. coli BL21(DE3)). A maximum yield of 22.5mg isolated AvaAGE per liter shake flask culture was obtained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig Klermund
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Amelie Riederer
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Anna Groher
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Castiglione
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
First functional and mutational analysis of group 3 N-acetylneuraminate lyases from Lactobacillus antri and Lactobacillus sakei 23K. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96976. [PMID: 24817128 PMCID: PMC4016182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
N-acetyl neuraminate lyases (NALs) catalyze the reversible aldol cleavage of N-acetyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) to pyruvate and N-acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc). Previous phylogenetic studies divided NALs into four different groups. Groups 1 and 2 have been well characterized at both kinetic and molecular levels, but no NAL from group 3 has been studied to date. In this work, a functional characterization of two group 3 members was performed using the recombinant NALs from Lactobacillus antri and Lactobacillus sakei 23K, revealing an optimal pH of between 6.0 and 7.0, low stability at basic pHs (>8.0), low optimal temperatures and, especially, low catalytic efficiency compared with their counterparts in group 1 and 2. The mutational analysis carried out showed that a plausible molecular reason for the low activity shown by Lactobacillus antri and Lactobacillus sakei 23k NALs compared with group 1 and 2 NALs could be the relatively small sugar-binding pocket they contain. A functional divergence analysis concluding that group 3 is more closely related to group 2 than to group 1.
Collapse
|
25
|
Klermund L, Groher A, Castiglione K. New N-acyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerases from cyanobacteria with high activity in the absence of ATP and low inhibition by pyruvate. J Biotechnol 2013; 168:256-63. [PMID: 23850800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
N-Acetylneuraminic acid, an important component of glycoconjugates with various biological functions, can be produced from N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and pyruvate using a one-pot, two-enzyme system consisting of N-acyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerase (AGE) and N-acetylneuraminate lyase (NAL). In this system, the epimerase catalyzes the conversion of GlcNAc into N-acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc). However, all currently known AGEs have one or more disadvantages, such as a low specific activity, substantial inhibition by pyruvate and strong dependence on allosteric activation by ATP. Therefore, four novel AGEs from the cyanobacteria Acaryochloris marina MBIC 11017, Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413, Nostoc sp. PCC 7120, and Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102 were characterized. Among these enzymes, the AGE from the Anabaena strain showed the most beneficial characteristics. It had a high specific activity of 117±2 U mg(-1) at 37 °C (pH 7.5) and an up to 10-fold higher inhibition constant for pyruvate as compared to other AGEs indicating a much weaker inhibitory effect. The investigation of the influence of ATP revealed that the nucleotide has a more pronounced effect on the Km for the substrate than on the enzyme activity. At high substrate concentrations (≥200 mM) and without ATP, the enzyme reached up to 32% of the activity measured with ATP in excess.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig Klermund
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Enhanced production of N-acetyl-d-neuraminic acid by multi-approach whole-cell biocatalyst. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:4775-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4754-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
27
|
Sun W, Ji W, Li N, Tong P, Cheng J, He Y, Chen Y, Chen X, Wu J, Ouyang P, Xie J, Ying H. Construction and expression of a polycistronic plasmid encoding N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase and N-acetylneuraminic acid lyase simultaneously for production of N-acetylneuraminic acid. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 130:23-9. [PMID: 23280182 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) from N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and pyruvate was carried out by constructing and expressing a polycistronic plasmid encoding an N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase (AGE) gene and an N-acetylneuraminic acid lyase (Nal) gene simultaneously. Nal from Escherichia coli K12 and AGEs from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (snAGE) and Anabaena sp. CH1 (anAGE) were used. And four polycistronic plasmids were constructed in which the positions of AGE gene differed with respect to Nal gene. Among these plasmids, pET-28a-Nal-anAGE with anAGE gene located next to Nal gene caused the production of the highest amount of Neu5Ac, generating 61.3g/L in 60h by whole-cell catalysis without the addition of ATP as AGE activator. And pET-28a-Nal-anAGE lowered anAGE's expression level, allowing it to fold properly. Thus, an inclusion-body-free E. coli strain capable of producing Neu5Ac by whole-cell catalysis with high yield and low cost was constructed in the present study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wujin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mechanistic model for the synthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid using N-acetylneuraminate lyase from Escherichia coli K12. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2012.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
29
|
Innovative use of a bacterial enzyme involved in sialic acid degradation to initiate sialic acid biosynthesis in glycoengineered insect cells. Metab Eng 2012; 14:642-52. [PMID: 23022569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2012.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The baculovirus/insect cell system is widely used for recombinant protein production, but it is suboptimal for recombinant glycoprotein production because it does not provide sialylation, which is an essential feature of many glycoprotein biologics. This problem has been addressed by metabolic engineering, which has extended endogenous insect cell N-glycosylation pathways and enabled glycoprotein sialylation by baculovirus/insect cell systems. However, further improvement is needed because even the most extensively engineered baculovirus/insect cell systems require media supplementation with N-acetylmannosamine, an expensive sialic acid precursor, for efficient recombinant glycoprotein sialylation. Our solution to this problem focused on E. coli N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate 2'-epimerase (GNPE), which normally functions in bacterial sialic acid degradation. Considering that insect cells have the product, but not the substrate for this enzyme, we hypothesized that GNPE might drive the reverse reaction in these cells, thereby initiating sialic acid biosynthesis in the absence of media supplementation. We tested this hypothesis by isolating transgenic insect cells expressing E. coli GNPE together with a suite of mammalian genes needed for N-glycoprotein sialylation. Various assays showed that these cells efficiently produced sialic acid, CMP-sialic acid, and sialylated recombinant N-glycoproteins even in growth media without N-acetylmannosamine. Thus, this study demonstrated that a eukaryotic recombinant protein production platform can be glycoengineered with a bacterial gene, that a bacterial enzyme which normally functions in sialic acid degradation can be used to initiate sialic acid biosynthesis, and that insect cells expressing this enzyme can produce sialylated N-glycoproteins without N-acetylmannosamine supplementation, which will reduce production costs in glycoengineered baculovirus/insect cell systems.
Collapse
|
30
|
A systematic synthesis and design methodology to achieve process intensification in (bio) chemical processes. Comput Chem Eng 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2011.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
31
|
Tao F, Zhang Y, Ma C, Xu P. One-pot bio-synthesis: N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid production by a powerful engineered whole-cell catalyst. Sci Rep 2011; 1:142. [PMID: 22355659 PMCID: PMC3216623 DOI: 10.1038/srep00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole cell biocatalysis is an important tool for pharmaceutical intermediates synthesis, although it is hindered by some shortcomings, such as high cost and toxicity of inducer, mass transfer resistance caused by cell membrane and side reactions. Whole-cell catalysis using N-acetyl-d-glucosamine 2-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.8) and N-acetyl-d-neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) aldolase (EC 4.1.3.3) is a promising approach for the production of Neu5Ac, a potential precursor of many anti-viral drugs. A powerful catalyst was developed by packaging the enzymes in an engineered bacterium and using a safe temperature-induced vector. Since the mass transfer resistance and the side reactions were substantially reduced, a high Neu5Ac amount (191 mM) was achieved. An efficient method was also presented, which allows one-pot synthesis of Neu5Ac with a safe and economic manner. The results highlight the promise of large-scale Neu5Ac synthesis and point at a potential of our approach as a general strategy to improve whole-cell biocatalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chemoenzymatic synthesis of N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid from N-acetyl-D-glucosamine by using the spore surface-displayed N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid aldolase. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:7080-3. [PMID: 21821765 DOI: 10.1128/aem.05601-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoenzymatic synthesis of N-acetyl-d-neuraminic acid from N-acetyl-d-glucosamine using the spore surface-displayed N-acetyl-d-neuraminic acid aldolase at a high concentration (53.9 g liter(-1)) was achieved in this study. Thus, displaying a target enzyme on the surface of spores might be an alternative for integration of biocatalytic conversion into chemical synthesis.
Collapse
|
33
|
Production of N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid by use of an efficient spore surface display system. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:3197-201. [PMID: 21441321 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00151-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) via biocatalysis is traditionally conducted using isolated enzymes or whole cells. The use of isolated enzymes is restricted by the time-consuming purification process, whereas the application of whole cells is limited by the permeability barrier presented by the microbial cell membrane. In this study, a novel type of biocatalyst, Neu5Ac aldolase presented on the surface of Bacillus subtilis spores, was used for the production of Neu5Ac. Under optimal conditions, Neu5Ac at a high concentration (54.7 g liter⁻¹) and a high yield (90.2%) was obtained under a 5-fold excess of pyruvate over N-acetyl-D-mannosamine. The novel biocatalyst system, which is able to express and immobilize the target enzyme simultaneously on the surface of B. subtilis spores, represents a suitable alternative for value-added chemical production.
Collapse
|
34
|
Onaga S, Chinen K, Ito S, Taira T. Highly thermostable chitinase from pineapple: Cloning, expression, and enzymatic properties. Process Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2010.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
35
|
Ishikawa M, Koizumi S. Microbial production of N-acetylneuraminic acid by genetically engineered Escherichia coli. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:2605-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|