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Chades T, Le Fèvre R, Chebbi I, Blondeau K, Guyot F, Alphandéry E. Set-up of a pharmaceutical cell bank of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR1 magnetotactic bacteria producing highly pure magnetosomes. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:70. [PMID: 38419080 PMCID: PMC10903015 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02313-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
We report the successful fabrication of a pharmaceutical cellular bank (PCB) containing magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), which belong to the Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR1 species. To produce such PCB, we amplified MTB in a minimal growth medium essentially devoid of other heavy metals than iron and of CMR (Carcinogenic, mutagenic and reprotoxic) products. The PCB enabled to acclimate MTB to such minimal growth conditions and then to produce highly pure magnetosomes composed of more than 99.9% of iron. The qualification of the bank as a PCB relies first on a preserved identity of the MTB compared with the original strain, second on genetic bacterial stability observed over 100 generations or under cryo-preservation for 16 months, third on a high level of purity highlighted by an absence of contaminating microorganisms in the PCB. Furthermore, the PCB was prepared under high-cell load conditions (9.108 cells/mL), allowing large-scale bacterial amplification and magnetosome production. In the future, the PCB could therefore be considered for commercial as well as research orientated applications in nanomedicine. We describe for the first-time conditions for setting-up an effective pharmaceutical cellular bank preserving over time the ability of certain specific cells, i.e. Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR1 MTB, to produce nano-minerals, i.e. magnetosomes, within a pharmaceutical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théo Chades
- Nanobacterie SARL, 36 Boulevard Flandrin, 75116, Paris, France
- Institut de biologie intégrative de la cellule, UMR 9198, Université Paris Saclay, 1 Av. de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | | | - Imène Chebbi
- Nanobacterie SARL, 36 Boulevard Flandrin, 75116, Paris, France
| | - Karine Blondeau
- Institut de biologie intégrative de la cellule, UMR 9198, Université Paris Saclay, 1 Av. de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - François Guyot
- Institut de minéralogie de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie UMR 7590, Sorbonne Université, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Edouard Alphandéry
- Nanobacterie SARL, 36 Boulevard Flandrin, 75116, Paris, France.
- Institut de minéralogie de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie UMR 7590, Sorbonne Université, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
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Qi J, Wang Z, Wen X, Tan W, Yuan Y, Yue T. Nanosilver Embedded in a Magnetosome Nanoflower to Enhance Antibacterial Activity for Wound Dressing Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:48882-48891. [PMID: 37823552 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The natural biofilm on magnetosomes obtained from the biomineralization of magnetotactic bacteria, which replaced a complex chemical modification process on the surface of Fe3O4, can be used as the organic component and copper(II) ions as the inorganic component to form organic-inorganic nanoflowers in phosphate systems. Characterization by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and vibrating-sample magnetometry proved that magnetic nanoflowers loaded with silver ions (Ag/MN-Cu×NFs) were successfully fabricated. In vitro antibacterial experiments demonstrated that Ag/MN-Cu×NFs displayed strong antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 10 and 80 μg/mL, respectively. Ag/MN-Cu×NFs, which possessed good biocompatibility as confirmed by cytotoxicity and hemolysis tests, were able to promote wound healing in the face of bacterial infection in vivo without causing toxicity to major organs. Therefore, magnetosomes as a natural carrier have great application potential in the synthesis of multifunctional magnetosomes by direct hybridization with a target substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrui Qi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zewei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xin Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Weiteng Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
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Qi J, Zhao H, Ning M, Wang K, Yuan Y, Yue T. Strategy for Avoiding Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius Contamination of Apple Juice by Adding Magnetosomes/Antibacterial Peptide Composites. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:12819-12828. [PMID: 37596994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The survival of Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius (A. acidocaldarius) in fruit juice after pasteurization results in high economic losses due to unpalatability. The present work addressed this issue by inhibiting the growth of A. acidocaldarius in apple juice by the addition of MN@IDR-1018 composites formed of innate defense regulator 1018 (IDR-1018) antibacterial peptides that are coupled on the surfaces of magnetosomes (MN) via amidation reactions. MN@IDR-1018 was demonstrated to provide excellent antibacterial activity against A. acidoterrestris with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 100 μg mL-1, which led to cell death via membrane dissolution and rupture. In addition, this concentration of MN@IDR-1018 was proved to present low toxicity in mice and had no discernible effect on the color, flavor, and aroma of apple juice. This enables the active material to be extracted from the apple juice by the application of a magnetic field, thereby avoiding the development of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrui Qi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hongfan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Mengge Ning
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
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Masó-Martínez M, Fryer B, Aubert D, Peacock B, Lees R, Rance GA, Fay MW, Topham PD, Fernández-Castané A. Evaluation of cell disruption technologies on magnetosome chain length and aggregation behaviour from Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1172457. [PMID: 37214292 PMCID: PMC10192567 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1172457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetosomes are biologically-derived magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) naturally produced by magnetotactic bacteria (MTB). Due to their distinctive characteristics, such as narrow size distribution and high biocompatibility, magnetosomes represent an attractive alternative to existing commercially-available chemically-synthesized MNPs. However, to extract magnetosomes from the bacteria, a cell disruption step is required. In this study, a systematic comparison between three disruption techniques (enzymatic treatment, probe sonication and high-pressure homogenization) was carried out to study their effect on the chain length, integrity and aggregation state of magnetosomes isolated from Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1 cells. Experimental results revealed that all three methodologies show high cell disruption yields (>89%). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and, for the first time, nano-flow cytometry (nFCM) were employed to characterize magnetosome preparations after purification. TEM and DLS showed that high-pressure homogenization resulted in optimal conservation of chain integrity, whereas enzymatic treatment caused higher chain cleavage. The data obtained suggest that nFCM is best suited to characterize single membrane-wrapped magnetosomes, which can be particularly useful for applications that require the use of individual magnetosomes. Magnetosomes were also successfully labelled (>90%) with the fluorescent CellMask™ Deep Red membrane stain and analysed by nFCM, demonstrating the promising capacity of this technique as a rapid analytical tool for magnetosome quality assurance. The results of this work contribute to the future development of a robust magnetosome production platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Masó-Martínez
- Energy and Bioproducts Research Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Fryer
- Energy and Bioproducts Research Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Graham A. Rance
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC), University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Michael W. Fay
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC), University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D. Topham
- Aston Institute of Materials Research, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Davenport B, Hallam SJ. Emerging enzyme surface display systems for waste resource recovery. Environ Microbiol 2023; 25:241-249. [PMID: 36369958 PMCID: PMC10100002 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The current century marks an inflection point for human progress, as the developed world increasingly comes to recognize that the ecological and socioeconomic impacts of resource extraction must be balanced with more sustainable modes of growth that are less reliant on non-renewable sources of energy and materials. This has opened a window of opportunity for cross-sector development of biotechnologies that harness the metabolic problem-solving power of microbial communities. In this context, recovery has emerged as an organizing principal to create value from industrial and municipal waste streams, and the search is on for new enzymes and platforms that can be used for waste resource recovery at scale. Enzyme surface display on cells or functionalized materials has emerged as a promising platform for waste valorization. Typically, surface display involves the use of substrate binding or catalytic domains of interest translationally fused with extracellular membrane proteins in a microbial chassis. Novel display systems with improved performance features include S-layer display with increased protein density, spore display with increased resistance to harsh conditions, and intracellular inclusions including DNA-free cells or nanoparticles with improved social licence for in situ applications. Combining these display systems with advances in bioprinting, electrospinning and high-throughput functional screening have potential to transform outmoded extractive paradigms into 'trans-metabolic" processes for remediation and waste resource recovery within an emerging circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Davenport
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steven J Hallam
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Genome Science and Technology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Bradshaw Research Institute for Minerals and Mining, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- ECOSCOPE Training Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Large-Scale Cultivation of Magnetotactic Bacteria and the Optimism for Sustainable and Cheap Approaches in Nanotechnology. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020060. [PMID: 36827100 PMCID: PMC9961000 DOI: 10.3390/md21020060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), a diverse group of marine and freshwater microorganisms, have attracted the scientific community's attention since their discovery. These bacteria biomineralize ferrimagnetic nanocrystals, the magnetosomes, or biological magnetic nanoparticles (BMNs), in a single or multiple chain(s) within the cell. As a result, cells experience an optimized magnetic dipolar moment responsible for a passive alignment along the lines of the geomagnetic field. Advances in MTB cultivation and BMN isolation have contributed to the expansion of the biotechnological potential of MTB in recent decades. Several studies with mass-cultured MTB expanded the possibilities of using purified nanocrystals and whole cells in nano- and biotechnology. Freshwater MTB were primarily investigated in scaling up processes for the production of BMNs. However, marine MTB have the potential to overcome freshwater species applications due to the putative high efficiency of their BMNs in capturing molecules. Regarding the use of MTB or BMNs in different approaches, the application of BMNs in biomedicine remains the focus of most studies, but their application is not restricted to this field. In recent years, environment monitoring and recovery, engineering applications, wastewater treatment, and industrial processes have benefited from MTB-based biotechnologies. This review explores the advances in MTB large-scale cultivation and the consequent development of innovative tools or processes.
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Xu J, Ma S, Zhang W, Jia L, Zheng H, Bo P, Bai X, Sun H, Qi L, Zhang T, Chen C, Li F, Arai F, Tian J, Feng L. In vitro magnetosome remineralization for silver-magnetite hybrid magnetosome biosynthesis and used for healing of the infected wound. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:364. [PMID: 35933359 PMCID: PMC9356440 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01532-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Magnetosomes (BMPs) are organelles of magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) that are responsible for mineralizing iron to form magnetite. In addition, BMP is an ideal biomaterial that is widely used in bio- and nano-technological applications, such as drug delivery, tumor detection and therapy, and immunodetection. The use of BMPs to create multifunctional nanocomposites would further expand the range of their applications. Results In this study, we firstly demonstrate that the extracted BMP can remineralize in vitro when it is exposed to AgNO3 solution, the silver ions (Ag+) were transported into the BMP biomembrane (MM) and mineralized into a silver crystal on one crystal plane of Fe3O4. Resulting in the rapid synthesis of an Ag-Fe3O4 hybrid BMP (BMP-Ag). The synergy between the biomembrane, Fe3O4 crystal, and unmineralized iron enabled the remineralization of BMPs at an Ag+ concentration ≥ 1.0 mg mL−1. The BMP-Ag displayed good biocompatibility and antibacterial activity. At a concentration of 2.0 mg/mL, the BMP-Ag and biomembrane removed Ag-Fe3O4 NPs inhibited the growth of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Thus using BMP-Ag as a wound dressing can effectively enhance the contraction of infected wounds. Conclusions This study represents the first successful attempt to remineralize organelles ex vivo, realizing the biosynthesis of hybrid BMP and providing an important advancement in the synthesis technology of multifunctional biological nanocomposites. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01532-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shijiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lina Jia
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Haolan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Pang Bo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xue Bai
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Tongwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chuanfang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Fumihito Arai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Jiesheng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Lin Feng
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Ma S, Gu C, Xu J, He J, Li S, Zheng H, Pang B, Wen Y, Fang Q, Liu W, Tian J. Strategy for Avoiding Protein Corona Inhibition of Targeted Drug Delivery by Linking Recombinant Affibody Scaffold to Magnetosomes. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:665-680. [PMID: 35185331 PMCID: PMC8847798 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s338349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Nanoparticles (NPs) decorated with functional ligands are promising candidates for cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, numerous studies have shown that chemically coupled targeting moieties on NPs lose their targeting capability in the biological milieu because they are shielded or covered by a "protein corona". Herein, we construct a functional magnetosome that recognizes and targets cancer cells even in the presence of protein corona. METHODS Magnetosomes (BMPs) were extracted from magnetotactic bacteria, M. gryphiswaldense (MSR-1), and decorated with trastuzumab (TZ) via affibody (RA) and glutaraldehyde (GA). The engineered BMPs are referred to as BMP-RA-TZ and BMP-GA-TZ. Their capacities to combine HER2 were detected by ELISA, the quantity of plasma corona proteins was analyzed using LC-MS. The efficiencies of targeting SK-BR-3 were demonstrated by confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry. RESULTS Both engineered BMPs contain up to ~0.2 mg TZ per mg of BMP, while the quantity of HER2 binding to BMP-RA-TZ is three times higher than that binding to BMP-GA-TZ. After incubation with normal human plasma or IgG-supplemented plasma, GA-TZ-containing BMPs have larger hydrated radii and more surface proteins in comparison with RA-TZ-containing BMPs. The TZ-containing BMPs all can be targeted to and internalized in the HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cell line SK-BR-3; however, their targeting efficiencies vary considerably: 50-75% for RA-TZ-containing BMPs and 9-19% for GA-TZ-containing BMPs. BMPs were incubated with plasma (100%) and cancer cells to simulate human in vivo environment. In this milieu, BMP-RA-TZ uptake efficiency of SK-BR-3 reaches nearly 80% (slightly lower than for direct interaction with BMP-RA-TZ), whereas the BMP-GA-TZ uptake efficiency is <17%. CONCLUSION Application of the RA scaffold promotes and orients the arrangement of targeting ligands and reduces the shielding effect of corona proteins. This strategy improves the targeting capability and drug delivery of NP in a simulated in vivo milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinxin He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haolan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiaojun Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiesheng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People’s Republic of China
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Correa T, Presciliano R, Abreu F. Why Does Not Nanotechnology Go Green? Bioprocess Simulation and Economics for Bacterial-Origin Magnetite Nanoparticles. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:718232. [PMID: 34489907 PMCID: PMC8418543 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.718232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnological developments, including fabrication and use of magnetic nanomaterials, are growing at a fast pace. Magnetic nanoparticles are exciting tools for use in healthcare, biological sensors, and environmental remediation. Due to better control over final-product characteristics and cleaner production, biogenic nanomagnets are preferable over synthetic ones for technological use. In this sense, the technical requirements and economic factors for setting up industrial production of magnetotactic bacteria (MTB)-derived nanomagnets were studied in the present work. Magnetite fabrication costs in a single-stage fed-batch and a semicontinuous process were US$ 10,372 and US$ 11,169 per kilogram, respectively. Depending on the variations of the production process, the minimum selling price for biogenic nanomagnets ranged between US$ 21 and US$ 120 per gram. Because these prices are consistently below commercial values for synthetic nanoparticles, we suggest that microbial production is competitive and constitutes an attractive alternative for a greener manufacturing of magnetic nanoparticles nanotools with versatile applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarcisio Correa
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Magnetotaxia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rogério Presciliano
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Magnetotaxia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Abreu
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Magnetotaxia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Fernández-Castané A, Li H, Joseph S, Ebeler M, Franzreb M, Bracewell DG, Overton TW, Thomas OR. Nanoparticle tracking analysis as a process analytical tool for characterising magnetosome preparations. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Rosenfeldt S, Mickoleit F, Jörke C, Clement JH, Markert S, Jérôme V, Schwarzinger S, Freitag R, Schüler D, Uebe R, Schenk AS. Towards standardized purification of bacterial magnetic nanoparticles for future in vivo applications. Acta Biomater 2021; 120:293-303. [PMID: 32721577 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial magnetosomes (MS) are well-defined membrane-enveloped single-domain iron oxide (magnetite) nanoparticles, which are susceptible to genetic and chemical engineering. Additionally, the possibility to manipulate these particles by external magnetic fields facilitates their application in biomedicine and biotechnology, e.g. as magnetic resonance imaging probes or for drug delivery purposes. However, current purification protocols are poorly characterized, thereby hampering standardized and reproducible magnetosome production and thus, reliable testing for in vivo applications. In that context, the establishment of reproducible particle isolation procedures as well as the identification of high quality control parameters and the evaluation of potential cytotoxic effects of purified particles are of major importance. In this study, we characterize a multi-step purification protocol for MS with regard to purity, iron content, size and polydispersity of magnetite particles. In addition, we address potential cytotoxic effects of isolated MS when incubated with mammalian cells. Overall, we provide a detailed overview of the process-structure relationship during the isolation of MS and thus, identify prerequisites for high-yield MS production and their future application in the biomedical and biotechnological field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Magnetic nanoparticles are of increasing interest for a variety of biomedical and biotechnological applications. Due to their unprecedented material characteristics, bacterial magnetosomes represent a promising alternative to chemically synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles. As applications require well-defined, highly purified and fully characterized nanoparticles, reliable protocols are necessary for efficient and reproducible magnetosome isolation. In our study, we evaluate an improved magnetosome extraction procedure and monitor quality parameters such as particle size distribution, membrane integrity and purity of the suspension by a combination of physicochemical and biochemical methods. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the isolated magnetosomes is assessed using different cell lines. In summary, our study helps to establish prerequisites for many real-world applications of magnetosomes in the field of biotechnology and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Rosenfeldt
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany; Physical Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Frank Mickoleit
- Dept. Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Cornelia Jörke
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Jena University Hospital, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Joachim H Clement
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Jena University Hospital, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Simon Markert
- Physical Chemistry - Colloidal Systems, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Valérie Jérôme
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Stephan Schwarzinger
- Northern Bavarian NMR Centre (NBNC) - research group Authenticity and Quality of Food and Materials, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ruth Freitag
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Dirk Schüler
- Dept. Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - René Uebe
- Dept. Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Anna S Schenk
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany; Physical Chemistry - Colloidal Systems, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
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Basit A, Wang J, Guo F, Niu W, Jiang W. Improved methods for mass production of magnetosomes and applications: a review. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:197. [PMID: 33081818 PMCID: PMC7576704 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01455-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria have the unique ability to synthesize magnetosomes (nano-sized magnetite or greigite crystals arranged in chain-like structures) in a variety of shapes and sizes. The chain alignment of magnetosomes enables magnetotactic bacteria to sense and orient themselves along geomagnetic fields. There is steadily increasing demand for magnetosomes in the areas of biotechnology, biomedicine, and environmental protection. Practical difficulties in cultivating magnetotactic bacteria and achieving consistent, high-yield magnetosome production under artificial environmental conditions have presented an obstacle to successful development of magnetosome applications in commercial areas. Here, we review information on magnetosome biosynthesis and strategies for enhancement of bacterial cell growth and magnetosome formation, and implications for improvement of magnetosome yield on a laboratory scale and mass-production (commercial or industrial) scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Basit
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, 56130 Pakistan
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Fangfang Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, BJ People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
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13
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Abdelrazig S, Safo L, Rance GA, Fay MW, Theodosiou E, Topham PD, Kim DH, Fernández-Castané A. Metabolic characterisation of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1 using LC-MS-based metabolite profiling. RSC Adv 2020; 10:32548-32560. [PMID: 35516490 PMCID: PMC9056635 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05326k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetosomes are nano-sized magnetic nanoparticles with exquisite properties that can be used in a wide range of healthcare and biotechnological applications. They are biosynthesised by magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), such as Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1 (Mgryph). However, magnetosome bioprocessing yields low quantities compared to chemical synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles. Therefore, an understanding of the intracellular metabolites and metabolic networks related to Mgryph growth and magnetosome formation are vital to unlock the potential of this organism to develop improved bioprocesses. In this work, we investigated the metabolism of Mgryph using untargeted metabolomics. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was performed to profile spent medium samples of Mgryph cells grown under O2-limited (n = 6) and O2-rich conditions (n = 6) corresponding to magnetosome- and non-magnetosome producing cells, respectively. Multivariate, univariate and pathway enrichment analyses were conducted to identify significantly altered metabolites and pathways. Rigorous metabolite identification was carried out using authentic standards, the Mgryph-specific metabolite database and MS/MS mzCloud database. PCA and OPLS-DA showed clear separation and clustering of sample groups with cross-validation values of R2X = 0.76, R2Y = 0.99 and Q2 = 0.98 in OPLS-DA. As a result, 50 metabolites linked to 45 metabolic pathways were found to be significantly altered in the tested conditions, including: glycine, serine and threonine; butanoate; alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism; aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and; pyruvate and citric acid cycle (TCA) metabolisms. Our findings demonstrate the potential of LC-MS to characterise key metabolites in Mgryph and will contribute to further understanding the metabolic mechanisms that affect Mgryph growth and magnetosome formation. Metabolic pathways in Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1 are significantly altered under microaerobic (O2-limited) growth conditions enabling magnetosome formation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Abdelrazig
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK +44 (0)115 74 84697
| | - Laudina Safo
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK +44 (0)115 74 84697
| | - Graham A Rance
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Michael W Fay
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Eirini Theodosiou
- Aston Institute of Materials Research, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK +44 (0)121 204 4870
| | - Paul D Topham
- Aston Institute of Materials Research, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK +44 (0)121 204 4870
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK +44 (0)115 74 84697
| | - Alfred Fernández-Castané
- Aston Institute of Materials Research, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK +44 (0)121 204 4870.,Energy and Bioproducts Research Institute, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
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14
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Geng Y, Wang J, Wang X, Liu J, Zhang Y, Niu W, Basit A, Liu W, Jiang W. Growth-inhibitory effects of anthracycline-loaded bacterial magnetosomes against hepatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:1663-1680. [PMID: 31167626 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to develop anthracycline-loaded bacterial magnetosomes (BMs) with enhanced anticancer efficiency and elucidate their endocytosis mechanism. Methods: Drug-loaded BMs (DBMs) were successfully prepared and characterized. DBMs endocytosis was investigated within HepG2 cells. The anticancer effect of DBMs was studied both in vitro and in vivo. Results: Doxorubicin-BMs and daunorubicin-BMs showed enhanced growth inhibitory effect in vitro and in vivo with no notable toxicity to normal tissues. The DBMs were internalized into cells through caveolae-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis. The loaded drugs were released from DBMs in cytoplasm and entered the nucleus to exert their activity. Conclusion: Our findings offer promising candidates for improved cancer therapy with a clear mechanism of DBMs endocytosis and working principle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Geng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition & Human Health, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition & Human Health, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Junquan Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition & Human Health, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yunpeng Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition & Human Health, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Wei Niu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition & Human Health, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Abdul Basit
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition & Human Health, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Weiquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition & Human Health, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
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15
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Pan Y, Wang Y, Fan X, Wang W, Yang X, Cui D, Zhao M. Bacterial intracellular nanoparticles exhibiting antioxidant properties and the significance of their formation in ROS detoxification. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2019; 11:140-146. [PMID: 30623592 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biogenic magnetic nanoparticles (BMNPs) can be formed by numerous microorganisms. However, the significance of their formation and their possible functions have not been explored in detail. To explore a possible function of Fe3 O4 NPs in Burkholderia sp. strain YN01, we investigated their catalytic abilities in the elimination of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Changes in ROS content under different conditions were assessed and showed that low oxygen and high iron concentrations in the growth medium promoted ROS production. However, the levels of ROS gradually decreased with BMNP formation, suggesting that these particles possess intrinsic superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity and catalase (CAT)-like activity, as proven in this study. To ensure that the observed ROS decrease was not due to antioxidase overexpression caused by the oxidative stress response, SOD and CAT were inhibited in vivo to analyse the ROS variation and BMNP yield under microoxic and high-iron conditions respectively. The results demonstrated that the formation of these intracellular iron nanoparticles was required for the efficient scavenging of excess ROS, which was dependent on their antioxidase-like properties. This result reveals a novel physiological function of biogenic intracellular Fe3 O4 nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150022, China
| | - Yongming Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xingyuan Fan
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xiumin Yang
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150022, China
| | - Daizong Cui
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Min Zhao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
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16
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Yan L, Xing W. Methods to Study Magnetotactic Bacteria and Magnetosomes. J Microbiol Methods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mim.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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17
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Mosayebi J, Kiyasatfar M, Laurent S. Synthesis, Functionalization, and Design of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Theranostic Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28990364 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In order to translate nanotechnology into medical practice, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been presented as a class of non-invasive nanomaterials for numerous biomedical applications. In particular, MNPs have opened a door for simultaneous diagnosis and brisk treatment of diseases in the form of theranostic agents. This review highlights the recent advances in preparation and utilization of MNPs from the synthesis and functionalization steps to the final design consideration in evading the body immune system for therapeutic and diagnostic applications with addressing the most recent examples of the literature in each section. This study provides a conceptual framework of a wide range of synthetic routes classified mainly as wet chemistry, state-of-the-art microfluidic reactors, and biogenic routes, along with the most popular coating materials to stabilize resultant MNPs. Additionally, key aspects of prolonging the half-life of MNPs via overcoming the sequential biological barriers are covered through unraveling the biophysical interactions at the bio-nano interface and giving a set of criteria to efficiently modulate MNPs' physicochemical properties. Furthermore, concepts of passive and active targeting for successful cell internalization, by respectively exploiting the unique properties of cancers and novel targeting ligands are described in detail. Finally, this study extensively covers the recent developments in magnetic drug targeting and hyperthermia as therapeutic applications of MNPs. In addition, multi-modal imaging via fusion of magnetic resonance imaging, and also innovative magnetic particle imaging with other imaging techniques for early diagnosis of diseases are extensively provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Mosayebi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Urmia University; Urmia 5756151818 Iran
| | - Mehdi Kiyasatfar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Urmia University; Urmia 5756151818 Iran
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Laboratory of NMR and Molecular Imaging; University of Mons; Mons Belgium
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18
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Hamdous Y, Chebbi I, Mandawala C, Le Fèvre R, Guyot F, Seksek O, Alphandéry E. Biocompatible coated magnetosome minerals with various organization and cellular interaction properties induce cytotoxicity towards RG-2 and GL-261 glioma cells in the presence of an alternating magnetic field. J Nanobiotechnology 2017; 15:74. [PMID: 29041937 PMCID: PMC5646109 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-017-0293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Biologics magnetics nanoparticles, magnetosomes, attract attention because of their magnetic characteristics and potential applications. The aim of the present study was to develop and characterize novel magnetosomes, which were extracted from magnetotactic bacteria, purified to produce apyrogen magnetosome minerals, and then coated with Chitosan, Neridronate, or Polyethyleneimine. It yielded stable magnetosomes designated as M-Chi, M-Neri, and M-PEI, respectively. Nanoparticle biocompatibility was evaluated on mouse fibroblast cells (3T3), mouse glioblastoma cells (GL-261) and rat glioblastoma cells (RG-2). We also tested these nanoparticles for magnetic hyperthermia treatment of tumor in vitro on two tumor cell lines GL-261 and RG-2 under the application of an alternating magnetic field. Heating, efficacy and internalization properties were then evaluated. Results Nanoparticles coated with chitosan, polyethyleneimine and neridronate are apyrogen, biocompatible and stable in aqueous suspension. The presence of a thin coating in M-Chi and M-PEI favors an arrangement in chains of the magnetosomes, similar to that observed in magnetosomes directly extracted from magnetotactic bacteria, while the thick matrix embedding M-Neri leads to structures with an average thickness of 3.5 µm2 per magnetosome mineral. In the presence of GL-261 cells and upon the application of an alternating magnetic field, M-PEI and M-Chi lead to the highest specific absorption rates of 120–125 W/gFe. Furthermore, while M-Chi lead to rather low rates of cellular internalization, M-PEI strongly associate to cells, a property modulated by the application of an alternating magnetic field. Conclusions Coating of purified magnetosome minerals can therefore be chosen to control the interactions of nanoparticles with cells, organization of the minerals, as well as heating and cytotoxicity properties, which are important parameters to be considered in the design of a magnetic hyperthermia treatment of tumor. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-017-0293-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina Hamdous
- Nanobacterie, 36 boulevard Flandrin, 75116, Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Imagerie et Modélisation en Neurobiologie et Cancérologie (IMNC), Campus Universitaire, Bât. 440, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91406, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Imène Chebbi
- Nanobacterie, 36 boulevard Flandrin, 75116, Paris, France
| | - Chalani Mandawala
- Nanobacterie, 36 boulevard Flandrin, 75116, Paris, France.,Institut de Minéralogie de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, UMR 7590, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Le Fèvre
- Nanobacterie, 36 boulevard Flandrin, 75116, Paris, France.,Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 7154, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, 1 rue Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - François Guyot
- Institut de Minéralogie de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, UMR 7590, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Seksek
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie et Modélisation en Neurobiologie et Cancérologie (IMNC), Campus Universitaire, Bât. 440, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91406, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Edouard Alphandéry
- Nanobacterie, 36 boulevard Flandrin, 75116, Paris, France. .,Institut de Minéralogie de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, UMR 7590, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
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19
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Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria derive their magnetic orientation from magnetosomes, which are unique organelles that contain nanometre-sized crystals of magnetic iron minerals. Although these organelles have evident potential for exciting biotechnological applications, a lack of genetically tractable magnetotactic bacteria had hampered the development of such tools; however, in the past decade, genetic studies using two model Magnetospirillum species have revealed much about the mechanisms of magnetosome biogenesis. In this Review, we highlight these new insights and place the molecular mechanisms of magnetosome biogenesis in the context of the complex cell biology of Magnetospirillum spp. Furthermore, we discuss the diverse properties of magnetosome biogenesis in other species of magnetotactic bacteria and consider the value of genetically 'magnetizing' non-magnetotactic bacteria. Finally, we discuss future prospects for this highly interdisciplinary and rapidly advancing field.
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20
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Murugan K, Wei J, Alsalhi MS, Nicoletti M, Paulpandi M, Samidoss CM, Dinesh D, Chandramohan B, Paneerselvam C, Subramaniam J, Vadivalagan C, Wei H, Amuthavalli P, Jaganathan A, Devanesan S, Higuchi A, Kumar S, Aziz AT, Nataraj D, Vaseeharan B, Canale A, Benelli G. Magnetic nanoparticles are highly toxic to chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, dengue virus (DEN-2), and their mosquito vectors. Parasitol Res 2016; 116:495-502. [PMID: 27815736 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A main challenge in parasitology is the development of reliable tools to prevent or treat mosquito-borne diseases. We investigated the toxicity of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) produced by Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense (strain MSR-1) on chloroquine-resistant (CQ-r) and sensitive (CQ-s) Plasmodium falciparum, dengue virus (DEN-2), and two of their main vectors, Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti, respectively. MNP were studied by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. They were toxic to larvae and pupae of An. stephensi, LC50 ranged from 2.563 ppm (1st instar larva) to 6.430 ppm (pupa), and Ae. aegypti, LC50 ranged from 3.231 ppm (1st instar larva) to 7.545 ppm (pupa). MNP IC50 on P. falciparum were 83.32 μg ml-1 (CQ-s) and 87.47 μg ml-1 (CQ-r). However, the in vivo efficacy of MNP on Plasmodium berghei was low if compared to CQ-based treatments. Moderate cytotoxicity was detected on Vero cells post-treatment with MNP doses lower than 4 μg ml-1. MNP evaluated at 2-8 μg ml-1 inhibited DEN-2 replication inhibiting the expression of the envelope (E) protein. In conclusion, our findings represent the first report about the use of MNP in medical and veterinary entomology, proposing them as suitable materials to develop reliable tools to combat mosquito-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadarkarai Murugan
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jiang Wei
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohamad Saleh Alsalhi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Research Chair in Laser Diagnosis of Cancer, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Marcello Nicoletti
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Manickam Paulpandi
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Christina Mary Samidoss
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Devakumar Dinesh
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balamurugan Chandramohan
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Jayapal Subramaniam
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chithravel Vadivalagan
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hui Wei
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350013, China
| | - Pandiyan Amuthavalli
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anitha Jaganathan
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sandhanasamy Devanesan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Research Chair in Laser Diagnosis of Cancer, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Akon Higuchi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300 Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Al Thabiani Aziz
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Devaraj Nataraj
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Angelo Canale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
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21
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Jacob JJ, Suthindhiran K. Magnetotactic bacteria and magnetosomes - Scope and challenges. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 68:919-928. [PMID: 27524094 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Geomagnetism aided navigation has been demonstrated by certain organisms which allows them to identify a particular location using magnetic field. This attractive technique to recognize the course was earlier exhibited in numerous animals, for example, birds, insects, reptiles, fishes and mammals. Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are one of the best examples for magnetoreception among microorganisms as the magnetic mineral functions as an internal magnet and aid the microbe to move towards the water columns in an oxic-anoxic interface (OAI). The ability of MTB to biomineralize the magnetic particles (magnetosomes) into uniform nano-sized, highly crystalline structure with uniform magnetic properties has made the bacteria an important topic of research. The superior properties of magnetosomes over chemically synthesized magnetic nanoparticles made it an attractive candidate for potential applications in microbiology, biophysics, biochemistry, nanotechnology and biomedicine. In this review article, the scope of MTB, magnetosomes and its challenges in research and industrial application have been discussed in brief. This article mainly focuses on the application based on the magnetotactic behaviour of MTB and magnetosomes in different areas of modern science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jobin John Jacob
- Marine Biotechnology and Bioproducts Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India
| | - K Suthindhiran
- Marine Biotechnology and Bioproducts Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India.
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22
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Magnetotactic bacteria as potential sources of bioproducts. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:389-430. [PMID: 25603340 PMCID: PMC4306944 DOI: 10.3390/md13010389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) produce intracellular organelles called magnetosomes which are magnetic nanoparticles composed of magnetite (Fe3O4) or greigite (Fe3S4) enveloped by a lipid bilayer. The synthesis of a magnetosome is through a genetically controlled process in which the bacterium has control over the composition, direction of crystal growth, and the size and shape of the mineral crystal. As a result of this control, magnetosomes have narrow and uniform size ranges, relatively specific magnetic and crystalline properties, and an enveloping biological membrane. These features are not observed in magnetic particles produced abiotically and thus magnetosomes are of great interest in biotechnology. Most currently described MTB have been isolated from saline or brackish environments and the availability of their genomes has contributed to a better understanding and culturing of these fastidious microorganisms. Moreover, genome sequences have allowed researchers to study genes related to magnetosome production for the synthesis of magnetic particles for use in future commercial and medical applications. Here, we review the current information on the biology of MTB and apply, for the first time, a genome mining strategy on these microorganisms to search for secondary metabolite synthesis genes. More specifically, we discovered that the genome of the cultured MTB Magnetovibrio blakemorei, among other MTB, contains several metabolic pathways for the synthesis of secondary metabolites and other compounds, thereby raising the possibility of the co-production of new bioactive molecules along with magnetosomes by this species.
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23
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Alphandéry E. Applications of magnetosomes synthesized by magnetotactic bacteria in medicine. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2014; 2:5. [PMID: 25152880 PMCID: PMC4126476 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2014.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria belong to a group of bacteria that synthesize iron oxide nanoparticles covered by biological material that are called magnetosomes. These bacteria use the magnetosomes as a compass to navigate in the direction of the earth’s magnetic field. This compass helps the bacteria to find the optimum conditions for their growth and survival. Here, we review several medical applications of magnetosomes, such as those in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic hyperthermia, and drug delivery. Different methods that can be used to prepare the magnetosomes for these applications are described. The toxicity and biodistribution results that have been published are summarized. They show that the magnetosomes can safely be used provided that they are prepared in specific conditions. The advantageous properties of the magnetosomes compared with those of chemically synthesized nanoparticles of similar composition are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Alphandéry
- Nanobacterie SARL , Paris , France † ; Institut de Minéralogie et de Physique des Milieux Condensés, Université Pierre et Marie Curie , Paris , France
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Alphandéry E, Chebbi I, Guyot F, Durand-Dubief M. Use of bacterial magnetosomes in the magnetic hyperthermia treatment of tumours: A review. Int J Hyperthermia 2013; 29:801-9. [DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2013.821527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Alphandéry E, Amor M, Guyot F, Chebbi I. The effect of iron-chelating agents on Magnetospirillum magneticum strain AMB-1: stimulated growth and magnetosome production and improved magnetosome heating properties. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 96:663-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4199-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Guo FF, Yang W, Jiang W, Geng S, Peng T, Li JL. Magnetosomes eliminate intracellular reactive oxygen species in Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1. Environ Microbiol 2012; 14:1722-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2012.02707.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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