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Long L, Lin Q, Wang J, Ding S. Microbial α-L-arabinofuranosidases: diversity, properties, and biotechnological applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:84. [PMID: 38294733 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03882-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Arabinoxylans (AXs) are hemicellulosic polysaccharides consisting of a linear backbone of β-1,4-linked xylose residues branched by high content of α-L-arabinofuranosyl (Araf) residues along with other side-chain substituents, and are abundantly found in various agricultural crops especially cereals. The efficient bioconversion of AXs into monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and/or other chemicals depends on the synergism of main-chain enzymes and de-branching enzymes. Exo-α-L-arabinofuranosidases (ABFs) catalyze the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing α-1,2-, α-1,3- or α-1,5- linked α-L-Araf residues from arabinose-substituted polysaccharides or oligosaccharides. ABFs are critically de-branching enzymes in bioconversion of agricultural biomass, and have received special attention due to their application potentials in biotechnological industries. In recent years, the researches on microbial ABFs have developed quickly in the aspects of the gene mining, properties of novel members, catalytic mechanisms, methodologies, and application technologies. In this review, we systematically summarize the latest advances in microbial ABFs, and discuss the future perspectives of the enzyme research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangkun Long
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-Based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qunying Lin
- Nanjing Institute for the Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, China CO-OP, Nanjing, 211111, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojun Ding
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-Based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
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Villa-Rivera MG, Cano-Camacho H, López-Romero E, Zavala-Páramo MG. The Role of Arabinogalactan Type II Degradation in Plant-Microbe Interactions. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:730543. [PMID: 34512607 PMCID: PMC8424115 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.730543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arabinogalactans (AGs) are structural polysaccharides of the plant cell wall. A small proportion of the AGs are associated with hemicellulose and pectin. Furthermore, AGs are associated with proteins forming the so-called arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), which can be found in the plant cell wall or attached through a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor to the plasma membrane. AGPs are a family of highly glycosylated proteins grouped with cell wall proteins rich in hydroxyproline. These glycoproteins have important and diverse functions in plants, such as growth, cellular differentiation, signaling, and microbe-plant interactions, and several reports suggest that carbohydrate components are crucial for AGP functions. In beneficial plant-microbe interactions, AGPs attract symbiotic species of fungi or bacteria, promote the development of infectious structures and the colonization of root tips, and furthermore, these interactions can activate plant defense mechanisms. On the other hand, plants secrete and accumulate AGPs at infection sites, creating cross-links with pectin. As part of the plant cell wall degradation machinery, beneficial and pathogenic fungi and bacteria can produce the enzymes necessary for the complete depolymerization of AGs including endo-β-(1,3), β-(1,4) and β-(1,6)-galactanases, β-(1,3/1,6) galactanases, α-L-arabinofuranosidases, β-L-arabinopyranosidases, and β-D-glucuronidases. These hydrolytic enzymes are secreted during plant-pathogen interactions and could have implications for the function of AGPs. It has been proposed that AGPs could prevent infection by pathogenic microorganisms because their degradation products generated by hydrolytic enzymes of pathogens function as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) eliciting the plant defense response. In this review, we describe the structure and function of AGs and AGPs as components of the plant cell wall. Additionally, we describe the set of enzymes secreted by microorganisms to degrade AGs from AGPs and its possible implication for plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Guadalupe Villa-Rivera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Irapuato, Mexico
| | - Horacio Cano-Camacho
- Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología, FMVZ, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Mexico
| | - Everardo López-Romero
- División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe Zavala-Páramo
- Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología, FMVZ, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Mexico
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3
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Yamada H, Kubo S, Kunishige Y, Azuma H, Kotani Y, Handa S, Nakazawa M, Ueda M, Hasegawa Y, Sakamoto T. Homogalacturonan and xylogalacturonan region specificity of self-cloning vector-expressed pectin methylesterases (AoPME1-3) in Aspergillus oryzae. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 150:109894. [PMID: 34489047 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus oryzae is a safe microorganism that is commonly used in food production. We constructed a self-cloning vector capable of high expression in A. oryzae. Using the vector, three putative pectin methylesterase (PME) genes belonging to Carbohydrate Esterase family 8 derived from A. oryzae were expressed, and several characteristics of the gene products were examined. The effects of temperature and pH on the three enzymes (AoPME1, 2, and 3) were similar, with optimal reaction temperatures of 50 - 60 °C and optimal reaction pH range of 5 - 6. The specific activities of AoPME1, 2, and 3 for apple pectin were significantly different (34, 7,601, and 2 U/mg, respectively). When the substrate specificity was examined, AoPME1 showed high activity towards pectin derived from soybean and pea. Although AoPME2 showed little activity towards these pectins, it showed very high activity towards apple- and citrus-derived pectins. AoPME3 showed low specific activity towards all substrates tested. Sugar composition analysis revealed that apple- and citrus-derived pectins were rich in homogalacturonan, while soybean- and pea-derived pectins were rich in xylogalacturonan. When pea pectin was treated with endo-polygalacturonase or endo-xylogalacturonase in the presence of each PME, specific synergistic actions were observed (endo-polygalacturonase with AoPME1 or AoPME2 and endo-xylogalacturonase with AoPME1 or AoPME3). Thus, AoPME1 and AoPME3 hydrolyzed the methoxy group in xylogalacturonan. This is the first report of this activity in microbial enzymes. Our findings on the substrate specificity of PMEs should lead to the determination of the distribution of methoxy groups in pectin and the development of new applications in the field of food manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamada
- General Research Laboratory, Ozeki Corporation, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8227, Japan
| | - Shoko Kubo
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Yuika Kunishige
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hotaru Azuma
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Yuka Kotani
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Satoshi Handa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Masami Nakazawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Ueda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuji Sakamoto
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
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4
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Yan R, Wang W, Vuong TV, Xiu Y, Skarina T, Di Leo R, Gatenholm P, Toriz G, Tenkanen M, Stogios PJ, Master ER. Structural characterization of the family GH115 α-glucuronidase from Amphibacillus xylanus yields insight into its coordinated action with α-arabinofuranosidases. N Biotechnol 2021; 62:49-56. [PMID: 33486119 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The coordinated action of carbohydrate-active enzymes has mainly been evaluated for the purpose of complete saccharification of plant biomass (lignocellulose) to sugars. By contrast, the coordinated action of accessory hemicellulases on xylan debranching and recovery is less well characterized. Here, the activity of two family GH115 α-glucuronidases (SdeAgu115A from Saccharophagus degradans, and AxyAgu115A from Amphibacillus xylanus) on spruce arabinoglucuronoxylan (AGX) was evaluated in combination with an α-arabinofuranosidase from families GH51 (AniAbf51A, aka E-AFASE from Aspergillus niger) and GH62 (SthAbf62A from Streptomyces thermoviolaceus). The α-arabinofuranosidases boosted (methyl)-glucuronic acid release by SdeAgu115A by approximately 50 % and 30 %, respectively. The impact of the α-arabinofuranosidases on AxyAgu115A activity was comparatively low, motivating its structural characterization. The crystal structure of AxyAgu115A revealed increased length and flexibility of the active site loop compared to SdeAgu115A. This structural difference could explain the ability of AxyAgu115A to accommodate more highly substituted arabinoglucuronoxylan, and inform enzyme selections for improved AGX recovery and use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Weijun Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Thu V Vuong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Yang Xiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Tatiana Skarina
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Rosa Di Leo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Paul Gatenholm
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wallenberg Wood Science Center and Biopolymer Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 4, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden
| | - Guillermo Toriz
- Department of Wood, Cellulose and Paper Research, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, 44100, Mexico
| | - Maija Tenkanen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Peter J Stogios
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Emma R Master
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada; Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, FI-00076, Aalto, Kemistintie 1, Espoo, Finland.
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5
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McGregor NGS, Turkenburg JP, Mørkeberg Krogh KBR, Nielsen JE, Artola M, Stubbs KA, Overkleeft HS, Davies GJ. Structure of a GH51 α-L-arabinofuranosidase from Meripilus giganteus: conserved substrate recognition from bacteria to fungi. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2020; 76:1124-1133. [PMID: 33135683 PMCID: PMC7604909 DOI: 10.1107/s205979832001253x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
α-L-Arabinofuranosidases from glycoside hydrolase family 51 use a stereochemically retaining hydrolytic mechanism to liberate nonreducing terminal α-L-arabinofuranose residues from plant polysaccharides such as arabinoxylan and arabinan. To date, more than ten fungal GH51 α-L-arabinofuranosidases have been functionally characterized, yet no structure of a fungal GH51 enzyme has been solved. In contrast, seven bacterial GH51 enzyme structures, with low sequence similarity to the fungal GH51 enzymes, have been determined. Here, the crystallization and structural characterization of MgGH51, an industrially relevant GH51 α-L-arabinofuranosidase cloned from Meripilus giganteus, are reported. Three crystal forms were grown in different crystallization conditions. The unliganded structure was solved using sulfur SAD data collected from a single crystal using the I23 in vacuo diffraction beamline at Diamond Light Source. Crystal soaks with arabinose, 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-L-arabinitol and two cyclophellitol-derived arabinose mimics reveal a conserved catalytic site and conformational itinerary between fungal and bacterial GH51 α-L-arabinofuranosidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G. S. McGregor
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Johan P. Turkenburg
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jens Erik Nielsen
- Protein Biochemistry and Stability, Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark
| | - Marta Artola
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Keith A. Stubbs
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Herman S. Overkleeft
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gideon J. Davies
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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6
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Long L, Sun L, Lin Q, Ding S, St John FJ. Characterization and functional analysis of two novel thermotolerant α-L-arabinofuranosidases belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 51 from Thielavia terrestris and family 62 from Eupenicillium parvum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:8719-8733. [PMID: 32880690 PMCID: PMC7502447 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10867-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Arabinofuranose substitutions on xylan are known to interfere with enzymatic hydrolysis of this primary hemicellulose. In this work, two novel α-l-arabinofuranosidases (ABFs), TtABF51A from Thielavia terrestris and EpABF62C from Eupenicillium parvum, were characterized and functionally analyzed. From sequences analyses, TtABF51A and EpABF62C belong to glycoside hydrolase (GH) families 51 and 62, respectively. Recombinant TtABF51A showed high activity on 4-nitrophenyl-α-l-arabinofuranoside (83.39 U/mg), low-viscosity wheat arabinoxylan (WAX, 39.66 U/mg), high-viscosity rye arabinoxylan (RAX, 32.24 U/mg), and sugarbeet arabinan (25.69 U/mg), while EpABF62C preferred to degrade arabinoxylan. For EpABF62C, the rate of hydrolysis of RAX (94.10 U/mg) was 2.1 times that of WAX (45.46 U/mg). The optimal pH and reaction temperature for the two enzymes was between 4.0 and 4.5 and 65 °C, respectively. Calcium played an important role in the thermal stability of EpABF62C. TtABF51A and EpABF62C showed the highest thermal stabilities at pH 4.5 or 5.0, respectively. At their optimal pHs, TtABF51A and EpABF62C retained greater than 80% of their initial activities after incubation at 55 °C for 96 h or 144 h, respectively. 1H NMR analysis indicated that the two enzymes selectively removed arabinose linked to C-3 of mono-substituted xylose residues in WAX. Compared with the singular application of the GH10 xylanase EpXYN1 from E. parvum, co-digestions of WAX including TtABF51A and/or EpABF62C released 2.49, 3.38, and 4.81 times xylose or 3.38, 1.65, and 2.57 times of xylobiose, respectively. Meanwhile, the amount of arabinose released from WAX by TtABF51A with EpXYN1 was 2.11 times the amount with TtABF51A alone. Key points • Two novel α-l-arabinofuranosidases (ABFs) displayed high thermal stability. • The thermal stability of GH62 family EpABF62C was dependent on calcium. • Buffer pH affects the thermal stability of the two ABFs. • Both ABFs enhance the hydrolysis of WAX by a GH10 xylanase. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00253-020-10867-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangkun Long
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- Institute for Microbial and Biochemical Technology, Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Lu Sun
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Qunying Lin
- Nanjing Institute for the Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing, 211111, China
| | - Shaojun Ding
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Franz J St John
- Institute for Microbial and Biochemical Technology, Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI, 53726, USA.
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Cann I, Pereira GV, Abdel-Hamid AM, Kim H, Wefers D, Kayang BB, Kanai T, Sato T, Bernardi RC, Atomi H, Mackie RI. Thermophilic Degradation of Hemicellulose, a Critical Feedstock in the Production of Bioenergy and Other Value-Added Products. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:e02296-19. [PMID: 31980431 PMCID: PMC7082577 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02296-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Renewable fuels have gained importance as the world moves toward diversifying its energy portfolio. A critical step in the biomass-to-bioenergy initiative is deconstruction of plant cell wall polysaccharides to their unit sugars for subsequent fermentation to fuels. To acquire carbon and energy for their metabolic processes, diverse microorganisms have evolved genes encoding enzymes that depolymerize polysaccharides to their carbon/energy-rich building blocks. The microbial enzymes mostly target the energy present in cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin, three major forms of energy storage in plants. In the effort to develop bioenergy as an alternative to fossil fuel, a common strategy is to harness microbial enzymes to hydrolyze cellulose to glucose for fermentation to fuels. However, the conversion of plant biomass to renewable fuels will require both cellulose and hemicellulose, the two largest components of the plant cell wall, as feedstock to improve economic feasibility. Here, we explore the enzymes and strategies evolved by two well-studied bacteria to depolymerize the hemicelluloses xylan/arabinoxylan and mannan. The sets of enzymes, in addition to their applications in biofuels and value-added chemical production, have utility in animal feed enzymes, a rapidly developing industry with potential to minimize adverse impacts of animal agriculture on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Cann
- Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Energy Biosciences Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Microbiome Metabolic Engineering Theme, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Gabriel V Pereira
- Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Energy Biosciences Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Microbiome Metabolic Engineering Theme, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Ahmed M Abdel-Hamid
- Energy Biosciences Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Microbiome Metabolic Engineering Theme, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Heejin Kim
- Microbiome Metabolic Engineering Theme, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniel Wefers
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Boniface B Kayang
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Tamotsu Kanai
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Sato
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, Japan
- JST, CREST, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rafael C Bernardi
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Haruyuki Atomi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, Japan
- JST, CREST, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Roderick I Mackie
- Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Energy Biosciences Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Microbiome Metabolic Engineering Theme, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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8
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Noguchi M, Hasegawa Y, Suzuki S, Nakazawa M, Ueda M, Sakamoto T. Determination of chemical structure of pea pectin by using pectinolytic enzymes. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 231:115738. [PMID: 31888846 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The chemical structure of pea pectin was delineated using pectin-degrading enzymes and biochemical methods. The molecular weight of the pea pectin preparation was 488,000, with 50 % arabinose content, and neutral sugar side chains attached to approximately 60 % of the rhamnose residues in rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I). Arabinan, an RG-I side chain, was highly branched, and the main chain was comprised of α-1,5-l-arabinan. Galactose and galactooligosaccharides were attached to approximately 35 % of the rhamnose residues in RG-I. Long chain β-1,4-galactan was also present. The xylose substitution rate in xylogalacturonan (XGA) was 63 %. The molar ratio of RG-I/homogalacturonan (HG)/XGA in the backbone of the pea pectin was approximately 3:3:4. When considering neutral sugar side chain content (arabinose, galactose, and xylose), the molar ratio of RG-I/HG/XGA regions in the pea pectin was 7:1:2. These data will help understand the properties of pea pectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Noguchi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | | | - Shiho Suzuki
- Center for Research and Development of Bioresources, Organization for Research Promotion, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan.
| | - Masami Nakazawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Ueda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Tatsuji Sakamoto
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
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9
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Kondo T, Nishimura Y, Matsuyama K, Ishimaru M, Nakazawa M, Ueda M, Sakamoto T. Characterization of three GH35 β-galactosidases, enzymes able to shave galactosyl residues linked to rhamnogalacturonan in pectin, from Penicillium chrysogenum 31B. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 104:1135-1148. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10299-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Phuengmaung P, Sunagawa Y, Makino Y, Kusumoto T, Handa S, Sukhumsirichart W, Sakamoto T. Identification and characterization of ferulic acid esterase from Penicillium chrysogenum 31B: de-esterification of ferulic acid decorated with l-arabinofuranoses and d-galactopyranoses in sugar beet pectin. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 131:109380. [PMID: 31615673 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We previously described the fungus Penicillium chrysogenum 31B, which has high performance to produce the ferulic acid esterase (FAE) for de-esterifying ferulic acids (FAs) from sugar beet pulp. However, the characteristics of this fungus have not yet been determined. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the molecular characteristics and natural substrate specificity of the Pcfae1 gene from Penicillium chrysogenum and examined its synergistic effects on sugar beet pectin. The Pcfae1 gene was cloned and overexpressed in Pichia pastoris KM71H, and the recombinant enzyme, named PcFAE1, was characterized. The 505 amino acids of PcFAE1 possessed a GCSTG motif (Gly164 to Gly168), characteristic of the serine esterase family. By comparing the amino acid sequence of PcFAE1 with that of the FAE (AoFaeB) of Aspergillus oryzae, Ser166, Asp379, and His419 were identified as the catalytic triad. PcFAE1 was purified through two steps using anion-exchange column chromatography. Its molecular mass without the signal peptide was 75 kDa. Maximum PcFAE1 activity was achieved at pH 6.0-7.0 and 50 °C. The enzyme was stable up to 37 °C and at a pH range of 3-8. PcFAE1 activity was only inhibited by Hg2+, and the enzyme had activity toward methyl FA, methyl caffeic acid, and methyl p-coumaric acid, with specific activities of 6.97, 4.65, and 9.32 U/mg, respectively, but not on methyl sinapinic acid. These results indicated that PcFAE1 acted similar to FaeB type according the Crepin classification. PcFAE1 de-esterified O-[6-O-feruloyl-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)]-d-galactopyranose, O-[2-O-feruloyl-α-l-arabinofuranosyl-(1→5)]-l-arabinofuranose, and O-[5-O-feruloyl-α-l-arabinofuranosyl-(1→3)]-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-d-xylopyranose, indicating that the enzyme could de-esterify FAs decorated with both β-d-galactopyranosidic and α-l-arabinofuranosidic residues in pectin and xylan. PcFAE1 acted in synergy with endo-α-1,5-arabinanase and α-l-arabinofuranosidase, which releases FA linked to arabinan, to digest the sugar beet pectin. Moreover, when PcFAE1 was allowed to act on sugar beet pectin together with Driselase, approximately 90% of total FA in the substrate was released. Therefore, PcFAE1 may be an interesting candidate for hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials and could have applications as a tool for production of FA from natural substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornpimol Phuengmaung
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
| | - Yoichi Sunagawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Makino
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Kusumoto
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Handa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Wasana Sukhumsirichart
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
| | - Tatsuji Sakamoto
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
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Tu T, Li X, Meng K, Bai Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Yao B, Luo H. A GH51 α-L-arabinofuranosidase from Talaromyces leycettanus strain JCM12802 that selectively drives synergistic lignocellulose hydrolysis. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:138. [PMID: 31426823 PMCID: PMC6699109 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1192-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of sustainable technologies for plant cell wall degradation greatly depends on enzymes with hydrolytic activities against carbohydrates. The waste by-products of agricultural cereals are important biomass sources because they contain large amounts of saccharides. Achieving efficient debranching and depolymerization are two important objectives for increasing the utilization of such renewable bioresources. GH51 α-l-arabinofuranosidases are important in biomass pretreatment because they act synergistically with other enzymes during hemicellulose hydrolysis. Results A GH51 α-l-arabinofuranosidase from Talaromyces leycettanus JCM12802 was heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115 and characterized. The recombinant α-l-arabinofuranosidase, TlAbf51, showed an optimum temperature and pH of 55–60 °C and 3.5–4.0, respectively, and remained stable at 50 °C and pH 3.0–9.0. TlAbf51 showed a higher catalytic efficiency (5712 mM−1 s−1) than most fungal α-l-arabinofuranosidases towards the substrate 4-nitrophenyl-α-l-arabinofuranoside. Moreover, TlAbf51 preferentially removed 1,2- or 1,3-linked arabinofuranose residues from arabinoxylan and acted synergistically with the bifunctional xylanase/cellulase TcXyn10A at an activity ratio of 5:1. The highest yields of arabinose and xylooligosaccharides were obtained when TlAbf51 was added after TcXyn10A or when both enzymes were added simultaneously. High-performance anion-exchange chromatography analyses showed that (i) arabinose and xylooligosaccharides with low degrees of polymerization (DP1–DP5) and (ii) arabinose and xylooligosaccharides (DP1–DP3) were the major hydrolysates obtained during the hydrolysis of sodium hydroxide-pretreated cornstalk and corn bran, respectively. Conclusions In contrast to other fungal GH51 α-l-arabinofuranosidases, recombinant TlAbf51 showed excellent stability over a broad pH range and high catalytic efficiency. Moreover, TlAbf51 acted synergistically with another hemicellulase to digest arabino-polysaccharides. These favorable enzymatic properties make TlAbf51 attractive for biomass pretreatment and biofuel production. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-019-1192-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tu
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Meng
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingguo Bai
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yao
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiying Luo
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Sarch C, Suzuki H, Master ER, Wang W. Kinetics and regioselectivity of three GH62 α-L-arabinofuranosidases from plant pathogenic fungi. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:1070-1078. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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13
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Gao L, Li S, Xu Y, Xia C, Xu J, Liu J, Qin Y, Song X, Liu G, Qu Y. Mutation of a Conserved Alanine Residue in Transcription Factor AraR Leads to Hyperproduction of α‐l‐Arabinofuranosidases inPenicillium oxalicum. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1800643. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong University27 Binhai Road 266237 Qingdao China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai China
| | - Shiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong University27 Binhai Road 266237 Qingdao China
| | - Yanning Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong University27 Binhai Road 266237 Qingdao China
| | - Chengqiang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong University27 Binhai Road 266237 Qingdao China
| | - Jiadi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong University27 Binhai Road 266237 Qingdao China
- National Glycoengineering Research CenterShandong UniversityQingdao China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong University27 Binhai Road 266237 Qingdao China
| | - Yuqi Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong University27 Binhai Road 266237 Qingdao China
- National Glycoengineering Research CenterShandong UniversityQingdao China
| | - Xin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong University27 Binhai Road 266237 Qingdao China
| | - Guodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong University27 Binhai Road 266237 Qingdao China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai China
| | - Yinbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong University27 Binhai Road 266237 Qingdao China
- National Glycoengineering Research CenterShandong UniversityQingdao China
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14
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Highly thermostable GH51 α-arabinofuranosidase from Hungateiclostridium clariflavum DSM 19732. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3783-3793. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Maurício da Fonseca MJ, Jurak E, Kataja K, Master ER, Berrin JG, Stals I, Desmet T, Van Landschoot A, Briers Y. Analysis of the substrate specificity of α-L-arabinofuranosidases by DNA sequencer-aided fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:10091-10102. [PMID: 30267127 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9389-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-active enzyme discovery is often not accompanied by experimental validation, demonstrating the need for techniques to analyze substrate specificities of carbohydrate-active enzymes in an efficient manner. DNA sequencer-aided fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (DSA-FACE) is utmost appropriate for the analysis of glycoside hydrolases that have complex substrate specificities. DSA-FACE is demonstrated here to be a highly convenient method for the precise identification of the specificity of different α-L-arabinofuranosidases for (arabino)xylo-oligosaccharides ((A)XOS). The method was validated with two α-L-arabinofuranosidases (EC 3.2.1.55) with well-known specificity, specifically a GH62 α-L-arabinofuranosidase from Aspergillus nidulans (AnAbf62A-m2,3) and a GH43 α-L-arabinofuranosidase from Bifidobacterium adolescentis (BaAXH-d3). Subsequently, application of DSA-FACE revealed the AXOS specificity of two α-L-arabinofuranosidases with previously unknown AXOS specificities. PaAbf62A, a GH62 α-L-arabinofuranosidase from Podospora anserina strain S mat+, was shown to target the O-2 and the O-3 arabinofuranosyl monomers as side chain from mono-substituted β-D-xylosyl residues, whereas a GH43 α-L-arabinofuranosidase from a metagenomic sample (AGphAbf43) only removes an arabinofuranosyl monomer from the smallest AXOS tested. DSA-FACE excels ionic chromatography in terms of detection limit for (A)XOS (picomolar sensitivity), hands-on and analysis time, and the analysis of the degree of polymerization and binding site of the arabinofuranosyl substituent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edita Jurak
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Kim Kataja
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Emma R Master
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean-Guy Berrin
- INRA, Aix Marseille Université, UMR1163 BBF, Marseille, France
| | - Ingeborg Stals
- Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Desmet
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Yves Briers
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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16
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dos Santos CR, de Giuseppe PO, de Souza FHM, Zanphorlin LM, Domingues MN, Pirolla RAS, Honorato RV, Tonoli CCC, de Morais MAB, de Matos Martins VP, Fonseca LM, Büchli F, de Oliveira PSL, Gozzo FC, Murakami MT. The mechanism by which a distinguishing arabinofuranosidase can cope with internal di-substitutions in arabinoxylans. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:223. [PMID: 30127853 PMCID: PMC6087011 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1212-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arabinoxylan is an abundant polysaccharide in industrially relevant biomasses such as sugarcane, corn stover and grasses. However, the arabinofuranosyl di-substitutions that decorate the xylan backbone are recalcitrant to most known arabinofuranosidases (Abfs). RESULTS In this work, we identified a novel GH51 Abf (XacAbf51) that forms trimers in solution and can cope efficiently with both mono- and di-substitutions at terminal or internal xylopyranosyl units of arabinoxylan. Using mass spectrometry, the kinetic parameters of the hydrolysis of 33-α-l-arabinofuranosyl-xylotetraose and 23,33-di-α-l-arabinofuranosyl-xylotetraose by XacAbf51 were determined, demonstrating the capacity of this enzyme to cleave arabinofuranosyl linkages of internal mono- and di-substituted xylopyranosyl units. Complementation studies of fungal enzyme cocktails with XacAbf51 revealed an increase of up to 20% in the release of reducing sugars from pretreated sugarcane bagasse, showing the biotechnological potential of a generalist GH51 in biomass saccharification. To elucidate the structural basis for the recognition of internal di-substitutions, the crystal structure of XacAbf51 was determined unveiling the existence of a pocket strategically arranged near to the - 1 subsite that can accommodate a second arabinofuranosyl decoration, a feature not described for any other GH51 Abf structurally characterized so far. CONCLUSIONS In summary, this study reports the first kinetic characterization of internal di-substitution release by a GH51 Abf, provides the structural basis for this activity and reveals a promising candidate for industrial processes involving plant cell wall depolymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Ramos dos Santos
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Priscila Oliveira de Giuseppe
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Flávio Henrique Moreira de Souza
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Letícia Maria Zanphorlin
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Mariane Noronha Domingues
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Renan Augusto Siqueira Pirolla
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Vargas Honorato
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Celisa Caldana Costa Tonoli
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Mariana Abrahão Bueno de Morais
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Vanesa Peixoto de Matos Martins
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Lucas Miranda Fonseca
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Fernanda Büchli
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Paulo Sergio Lopes de Oliveira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Fábio Cesar Gozzo
- Dalton Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-861 Brazil
| | - Mário Tyago Murakami
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
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17
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Wang W, Andric N, Sarch C, Silva BT, Tenkanen M, Master ER. Constructing arabinofuranosidases for dual arabinoxylan debranching activity. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 115:41-49. [PMID: 28868788 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic conversion of arabinoxylan requires α-L-arabinofuranosidases able to remove α-L-arabinofuranosyl residues (α-L-Araf) from both mono- and double-substituted D-xylopyranosyl residues (Xylp) in xylan (i.e., AXH-m and AXH-d activity). Herein, SthAbf62A (a family GH62 α-L-arabinofuranosidase with AXH-m activity) and BadAbf43A (a family GH43 α-L-arabinofuranosidase with AXH-d3 activity), were fused to create SthAbf62A_BadAbf43A and BadAbf43A_SthAbf62A. Both fusion enzymes displayed dual AXH-m,d and synergistic activity toward native, highly branched wheat arabinoxylan (WAX). When using a customized arabinoxylan substrate comprising mainly α-(1 → 3)-L-Araf and α-(1 → 2)-L-Araf substituents attached to disubstituted Xylp (d-2,3-WAX), the specific activity of the fusion enzymes was twice that of enzymes added as separate proteins. Moreover, the SthAbf62A_BadAbf43A fusion removed 83% of all α-L-Araf from WAX after a 20 hr treatment. 1 H NMR analyses further revealed differences in SthAbf62A_BadAbf43 rate of removal of specific α-L-Araf substituents from WAX, where 9.4 times higher activity was observed toward d-α-(1 → 3)-L-Araf compared to m-α-(1 → 3)-L-Araf positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nikola Andric
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cody Sarch
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bruno T Silva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maija Tenkanen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emma R Master
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
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18
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Towards enzymatic breakdown of complex plant xylan structures: State of the art. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:1260-1274. [PMID: 27620948 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Significant progress over the past few years has been achieved in the enzymology of microbial degradation and saccharification of plant xylan, after cellulose being the most abundant natural renewable polysaccharide. Several new types of xylan depolymerizing and debranching enzymes have been described in microorganisms. Despite the increasing variety of known glycoside hydrolases and carbohydrate esterases, some xylan structures still appear quite recalcitrant. This review focuses on the mode of action of different types of depolymerizing endoxylanases and their cooperation with β-xylosidase and accessory enzymes in breakdown of complex highly branched xylan structures. Emphasis is placed on the enzymatic hydrolysis of alkali-extracted deesterified polysaccharide as well as acetylated xylan isolated from plant cell walls under non-alkaline conditions. It is also shown how the combination of selected endoxylanases and debranching enzymes can determine the nature of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides or lead to complete hydrolysis of the polysaccharide. The article also highlights the possibility for discovery of novel xylanolytic enzymes, construction of multifunctional chimeric enzymes and xylanosomes in parallel with increasing knowledge on the fine structure of the polysaccharide.
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Koutaniemi S, Tenkanen M. Action of three GH51 and one GH54 α-arabinofuranosidases on internally and terminally located arabinofuranosyl branches. J Biotechnol 2016; 229:22-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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20
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Wilkens C, Andersen S, Petersen BO, Li A, Busse-Wicher M, Birch J, Cockburn D, Nakai H, Christensen HEM, Kragelund BB, Dupree P, McCleary B, Hindsgaul O, Hachem MA, Svensson B. An efficient arabinoxylan-debranching α-l-arabinofuranosidase of family GH62 from Aspergillus nidulans contains a secondary carbohydrate binding site. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:6265-6277. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7417-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Shinozaki A, Hosokawa S, Nakazawa M, Ueda M, Sakamoto T. Identification and characterization of three Penicillium chrysogenum α-l-arabinofuranosidases (PcABF43B, PcABF51C, and AFQ1) with different specificities toward arabino-oligosaccharides. Enzyme Microb Technol 2015; 73-74:65-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Biochemical Characterization and Overexpression of an Endo-rhamnogalacturonan Lyase from Penicillium chrysogenum. Mol Biotechnol 2015; 57:539-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-015-9847-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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23
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A novel GH43 α-l-arabinofuranosidase of Penicillium chrysogenum that preferentially degrades single-substituted arabinosyl side chains in arabinan. Enzyme Microb Technol 2014; 58-59:80-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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β-xylosidases and α-L-arabinofuranosidases: accessory enzymes for arabinoxylan degradation. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 32:316-32. [PMID: 24239877 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Arabinoxylan (AX) is among the most abundant hemicelluloses on earth and one of the major components of feedstocks that are currently investigated as a source for advanced biofuels. As global research into these sustainable biofuels is increasing, scientific knowledge about the enzymatic breakdown of AX advanced significantly over the last decade. This review focuses on the exo-acting AX hydrolases, such as α-arabinofuranosidases and β-xylosidases. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the diverse substrate specificities and corresponding structural features found in the different glycoside hydrolase families. A careful review of the available literature reveals a marked difference in activity between synthetically labeled and naturally occurring substrates, often leading to erroneous enzymatic annotations. Therefore, special attention is given to enzymes with experimental evidence on the hydrolysis of natural polymers.
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Ohta K, Fujii S, Higashida C. Characterization of a glycoside hydrolase family-51 α-l-arabinofuranosidase gene from Aureobasidium pullulans ATCC 20524 and its encoded product. J Biosci Bioeng 2013; 116:287-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sakamoto T, Nishimura Y, Makino Y, Sunagawa Y, Harada N. Biochemical characterization of a GH53 endo-β-1,4-galactanase and a GH35 exo-β-1,4-galactanase from Penicillium chrysogenum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 97:2895-906. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4154-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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