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Kumar V, Pallavi P, Sen SK, Raut S. Harnessing the potential of white rot fungi and ligninolytic enzymes for efficient textile dye degradation: A comprehensive review. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2024; 96:e10959. [PMID: 38204323 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The contamination of wastewater with textile dyes has emerged as a pressing environmental concern due to its persistent nature and harmful effects on ecosystems. Conventional dye treatment methods have proven inadequate in effectively breaking down complex dye molecules. However, a promising alternative for textile dye degradation lies in the utilization of white rot fungi, renowned for their remarkable lignin-degrading capabilities. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the potential of white rot fungi in degrading textile dyes, with a particular focus on their ligninolytic enzymes, specifically examining the roles of lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP), and laccase in the degradation of lignin and their applications in textile dye degradation. The primary objective of this paper is to elucidate the enzymatic mechanisms involved in dye degradation, with a spotlight on recent research advancements in this field. Additionally, the review explores factors influencing enzyme production, including culture conditions and genetic engineering approaches. The challenges associated with implementing white rot fungi and their ligninolytic enzymes in textile dye degradation processes are also thoroughly examined. Textile dye contamination poses a significant environmental threat due to its resistance to conventional treatment methods. White rot fungi, known for their ligninolytic capabilities, offer an innovative approach to address this issue. The review delves into the intricate mechanisms through which white rot fungi and their enzymes, including LiP, MnP, and laccase, break down complex dye molecules. These enzymes play a pivotal role in lignin degradation, a process that can be adapted for textile dye removal. The review also emphasizes recent developments in this field, shedding light on the latest findings and innovations. It discusses how culture conditions and genetic engineering techniques can influence the production of these crucial enzymes, potentially enhancing their efficiency in textile dye degradation. This highlights the potential for tailored enzyme production to address specific dye contaminants effectively. The paper also confronts the challenges associated with integrating white rot fungi and their ligninolytic enzymes into practical textile dye degradation processes. These challenges encompass issues like scalability, cost-effectiveness, and regulatory hurdles. By acknowledging these obstacles, the review aims to pave the way for practical and sustainable applications of white rot fungi in wastewater treatment. In conclusion, this comprehensive review offers valuable insights into how white rot fungi and their ligninolytic enzymes can provide a sustainable solution to the urgent problem of textile dye-contaminated wastewater. It underscores the enzymatic mechanisms at play, recent research breakthroughs, and the potential of genetic engineering to optimize enzyme production. By addressing the challenges of implementation, this review contributes to the ongoing efforts to mitigate the environmental impact of textile dye pollution. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Ligninolytic enzymes from white rot fungi, like LiP, MnP, and laccase, are crucial for degrading textile dyes. Different dyes and enzymatic mechanisms is vital for effective wastewater treatment. Combine white rot fungi-based strategies with mediator systems, co-culturing, or sequential treatment approaches to enhance overall degradation efficiency. Emphasize the broader environmental impact of textile dye pollution and position white rot fungi as a promising avenue for contributing to mitigation efforts. This aligns with the overarching goal of sustainable wastewater treatment practices and environmental conservation. Consider scalability, cost-effectiveness, and regulatory compliance to pave the way for sustainable applications that can effectively mitigate the environmental impact of textile dye pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar
- Centre for Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Preeti Pallavi
- Centre for Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Sangeeta Raut
- Centre for Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
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Wang S, Wang X, Penttinen L, Luo H, Zhang Y, Liu B, Yao B, Hakulinen N, Zhang W, Su X. Patulin Detoxification by Recombinant Manganese Peroxidase from Moniliophthora roreri Expressed by Pichia pastoris. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14070440. [PMID: 35878178 PMCID: PMC9324453 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14070440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The fungal secondary metabolite patulin is a mycotoxin widespread in foods and beverages which poses a serious threat to human health. However, no enzyme was known to be able to degrade this mycotoxin. For the first time, we discovered that a manganese peroxidase (MrMnP) from Moniliophthora roreri can efficiently degrade patulin. The MrMnP gene was cloned into pPICZα(A) and then the recombinant plasmid was transformed into Pichia pastoris X-33. The recombinant strain produced extracellular manganese peroxidase with an activity of up to 3659.5 U/L. The manganese peroxidase MrMnP was able to rapidly degrade patulin, with hydroascladiol appearing as a main degradation product. Five mg/L of pure patulin were completely degraded within 5 h. Moreover, up to 95% of the toxin was eliminated in a simulated patulin-contaminated apple juice after 24 h. Using Escherichia coli as a model, it was demonstrated that the deconstruction of patulin led to detoxification. Collectively, these traits make MrMnP an intriguing candidate useful in enzymatic detoxification of patulin in foods and beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (B.L.)
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (H.L.); (B.Y.)
| | - Leena Penttinen
- Department of Chemistry, Joensuu Campus, University of Eastern Finland, FIN-80101 Joensuu, Finland; (L.P.); (N.H.)
| | - Huiying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (H.L.); (B.Y.)
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (B.L.)
| | - Bo Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (B.L.)
| | - Bin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (H.L.); (B.Y.)
| | - Nina Hakulinen
- Department of Chemistry, Joensuu Campus, University of Eastern Finland, FIN-80101 Joensuu, Finland; (L.P.); (N.H.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (B.L.)
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (X.S.)
| | - Xiaoyun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (H.L.); (B.Y.)
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (X.S.)
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Kontro J, Lyra C, Koponen M, Kuuskeri J, Kähkönen MA, Wallenius J, Wan X, Sipilä J, Mäkelä MR, Nousiainen P, Hildén K. Production of Recombinant Laccase From Coprinopsis cinerea and Its Effect in Mediator Promoted Lignin Oxidation at Neutral pH. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:767139. [PMID: 34858962 PMCID: PMC8630700 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.767139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Laccases are multi-copper oxidases that use molecular oxygen as the electron acceptor to oxidize phenolic and indirectly also non-phenolic substrates by mechanisms involving radicals. Due to their eco-friendliness and broad substrate specificity, laccases span a wide range of biotechnological applications. We have heterologously expressed a laccase from the coprophilic basidiomycete Coprinopsis cinerea (CcLcc9) in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. The recombinant CcLcc9 (rCcLcc9) oxidized 2,6-dimethoxyphenol in the neutral pH range, and showed thermostability up to 70°C. The rCcLcc9 efficiently oxidized veratryl alcohol to veratraldehyde in the presence of low molecular weight mediators syringyl nitrile, methyl syringate and violuric acid, which are syringyl-type plant phenolics that have shown potential as natural co-oxidants for lignocellulosic materials. In addition, rCcLcc9 is able to depolymerize biorefinery hardwood lignin in the presence of methyl syringate and syringyl nitrile as indicated by gel permeation chromatography, and infrared spectral and nucleic magnetic resonance analyses. Furthermore, we showed that several added-value aromatic compounds, such as vanillin, vanillic acid, syringaldehyde, syringic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, were formed during sequential biocatalytic chemical degradation of biorefinery lignin, indicating that rCcLcc9 harbors a great potential for sustainable processes of circular economy and modern biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussi Kontro
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christina Lyra
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Milla Koponen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Kuuskeri
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika A Kähkönen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janne Wallenius
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xing Wan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Sipilä
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miia R Mäkelä
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paula Nousiainen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Hildén
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Wallenius J, Kontro J, Lyra C, Kuuskeri J, Wan X, Kähkönen MA, Baig I, Kamer PCJ, Sipilä J, Mäkelä MR, Nousiainen P, Hildén K. Depolymerization of biorefinery lignin by improved laccases of the white-rot fungus Obba rivulosa. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:2140-2151. [PMID: 34310858 PMCID: PMC8449659 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal laccases are attracting enzymes for sustainable valorization of biorefinery lignins. To improve the lignin oxidation capacity of two previously characterized laccase isoenzymes from the white-rot fungus Obba rivulosa, we mutated their substrate-binding site at T1. As a result, the pH optimum of the recombinantly produced laccase variant rOrLcc2-D206N shifted by three units towards neutral pH. O. rivulosa laccase variants with redox mediators oxidized both the dimeric lignin model compound and biorefinery poplar lignin. Significant structural changes, such as selective benzylic α-oxidation, were detected by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, although no polymerization of lignin was observed by gel permeation chromatography. This suggests that especially rOrLcc2-D206N is a promising candidate for lignin-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Wallenius
- Fungal Genetics and BiotechnologyDepartment of MicrobiologyUniversity of HelsinkiUniversity of HelsinkiBiocenter 1 PO Box 56 Viikinkaari 9HelsinkiFI‐00014Finland
| | - Jussi Kontro
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiP.O. Box 55 A. I. Virtasen Aukio 1HelsinkiFI‐00014Finland
| | - Christina Lyra
- Fungal Genetics and BiotechnologyDepartment of MicrobiologyUniversity of HelsinkiUniversity of HelsinkiBiocenter 1 PO Box 56 Viikinkaari 9HelsinkiFI‐00014Finland
| | - Jaana Kuuskeri
- Fungal Genetics and BiotechnologyDepartment of MicrobiologyUniversity of HelsinkiUniversity of HelsinkiBiocenter 1 PO Box 56 Viikinkaari 9HelsinkiFI‐00014Finland
| | - Xing Wan
- Fungal Genetics and BiotechnologyDepartment of MicrobiologyUniversity of HelsinkiUniversity of HelsinkiBiocenter 1 PO Box 56 Viikinkaari 9HelsinkiFI‐00014Finland
| | - Mika A. Kähkönen
- Fungal Genetics and BiotechnologyDepartment of MicrobiologyUniversity of HelsinkiUniversity of HelsinkiBiocenter 1 PO Box 56 Viikinkaari 9HelsinkiFI‐00014Finland
| | - Irshad Baig
- EaStCHEMSchool of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsFifeUK
- Present address:
Department of Organic Synthesis and Process ChemistryCSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology500 007Tarnaka, HyderabadIndia
| | | | - Jussi Sipilä
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiP.O. Box 55 A. I. Virtasen Aukio 1HelsinkiFI‐00014Finland
| | - Miia R. Mäkelä
- Fungal Genetics and BiotechnologyDepartment of MicrobiologyUniversity of HelsinkiUniversity of HelsinkiBiocenter 1 PO Box 56 Viikinkaari 9HelsinkiFI‐00014Finland
| | - Paula Nousiainen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiP.O. Box 55 A. I. Virtasen Aukio 1HelsinkiFI‐00014Finland
| | - Kristiina Hildén
- Fungal Genetics and BiotechnologyDepartment of MicrobiologyUniversity of HelsinkiUniversity of HelsinkiBiocenter 1 PO Box 56 Viikinkaari 9HelsinkiFI‐00014Finland
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5
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Kontro J, Maltari R, Mikkilä J, Kähkönen M, Mäkelä MR, Hildén K, Nousiainen P, Sipilä J. Applicability of Recombinant Laccases From the White-Rot Fungus Obba rivulosa for Mediator-Promoted Oxidation of Biorefinery Lignin at Low pH. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:604497. [PMID: 33392170 PMCID: PMC7773891 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.604497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Utilization of lignin-rich side streams has been a focus of intensive studies recently. Combining biocatalytic methods with chemical treatments is a promising approach for sustainable modification of lignocellulosic waste streams. Laccases are catalysts in lignin biodegradation with proven applicability in industrial scale. Laccases directly oxidize lignin phenolic components, and their functional range can be expanded using low-molecular-weight compounds as mediators to include non-phenolic lignin structures. In this work, we studied in detail recombinant laccases from the selectively lignin-degrading white-rot fungus Obba rivulosa for their properties and evaluated their potential as industrial biocatalysts for the modification of wood lignin and lignin-like compounds. We screened and optimized various laccase mediator systems (LMSs) using lignin model compounds and applied the optimized reaction conditions to biorefinery-sourced technical lignin. In the presence of both N-OH-type and phenolic mediators, the O. rivulosa laccases were shown to selectively oxidize lignin in acidic reaction conditions, where a cosolvent is needed to enhance lignin solubility. In comparison to catalytic iron(III)-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) oxidation systems, the syringyl-type lignin units were preferred in mediated biocatalytic oxidation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussi Kontro
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chemicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riku Maltari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chemicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joona Mikkilä
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chemicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Kähkönen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miia R. Mäkelä
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Hildén
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paula Nousiainen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chemicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Sipilä
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chemicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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6
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Liu S, Xu X, Kang Y, Xiao Y, Liu H. Degradation and detoxification of azo dyes with recombinant ligninolytic enzymes from Aspergillus sp. with secretory overexpression in Pichia pastoris. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:200688. [PMID: 33047030 PMCID: PMC7540776 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ligninolytic enzymes, including laccase (Lac), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP), have attracted much attention in the degradation of contaminants. Genes of Lac (1827 bp), MnP (1134 bp) and LiP (1119 bp) were cloned from Aspergillus sp. TS-A, and the recombinant Lac (69 kDa), MnP (45 kDa) and LiP (35 kDa) were secretory expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115, with enzyme activities of 34, 135.12 and 103.13 U l-1, respectively. Dyes of different structures were treated via the recombinant ligninolytic enzymes under the optimal degradation conditions, and the result showed that the decolourization rate of Lac on Congo red (CR) in 5 s was 45.5%. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and toxicity tests further proved that the ligninolytic enzymes could destroy the dyes, both those with one or more azo bonds, and the degradation products were non-toxic. Moreover, the combined ligninolytic enzymes could degrade CR more completely compared with the individual enzyme. Remarkably, besides azo dyes, ligninolytic enzymes could also degrade triphenylmethane and anthracene dyes. This suggests that ligninolytic enzymes from Aspergillus sp. TS-A have the potential for application in the treatment of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, People's Republic of China
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Rueda AM, López de los Santos Y, Vincent AT, Létourneau M, Hernández I, Sánchez CI, Molina V. D, Ospina SA, Veyrier FJ, Doucet N. Genome sequencing and functional characterization of a Dictyopanus pusillus fungal enzymatic extract offers a promising alternative for lignocellulose pretreatment of oil palm residues. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227529. [PMID: 32730337 PMCID: PMC7392265 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The pretreatment of biomass remains a critical requirement for bio-renewable fuel production from lignocellulose. Although current processes primarily involve chemical and physical approaches, the biological breakdown of lignin using enzymes and microorganisms is quickly becoming an interesting eco-friendly alternative to classical processes. As a result, bioprospection of wild fungi from naturally occurring lignin-rich sources remains a suitable method to uncover and isolate new species exhibiting ligninolytic activity. In this study, wild species of white rot fungi were collected from Colombian forests based on their natural wood decay ability and high capacity to secrete oxidoreductases with high affinity for phenolic polymers such as lignin. Based on high activity obtained from solid-state fermentation using a lignocellulose source from oil palm as matrix, we describe the isolation and whole-genome sequencing of Dictyopanus pusillus, a wild basidiomycete fungus exhibiting ABTS oxidation as an indication of laccase activity. Functional characterization of a crude enzymatic extract identified laccase activity as the main enzymatic contributor to fungal extracts, an observation supported by the identification of 13 putative genes encoding for homologous laccases in the genome. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first report of an enzymatic extract exhibiting laccase activity in the Dictyopanus genera, offering means to exploit this species and its enzymes for the delignification process of lignocellulosic by-products from oil palm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés M. Rueda
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones Ambientales, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Yossef López de los Santos
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
| | - Antony T. Vincent
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
| | - Myriam Létourneau
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
| | - Inés Hernández
- Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones Ambientales, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Clara I. Sánchez
- Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones Ambientales, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Daniel Molina V.
- Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Sonia A. Ospina
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Frédéric J. Veyrier
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
| | - Nicolas Doucet
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
- PROTEO, Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Québec, Canada
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Mikkilä J, Trogen M, Koivu KAY, Kontro J, Kuuskeri J, Maltari R, Dekere Z, Kemell M, Mäkelä MR, Nousiainen PA, Hummel M, Sipilä J, Hildén K. Fungal Treatment Modifies Kraft Lignin for Lignin- and Cellulose-Based Carbon Fiber Precursors. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:6130-6140. [PMID: 32226896 PMCID: PMC7098016 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The kraft lignin's low molecular weight and too high hydroxyl content hinder its application in bio-based carbon fibers. In this study, we were able to polymerize kraft lignin and reduce the amount of hydroxyl groups by incubating it with the white-rot fungus Obba rivulosa. Enzymatic radical oxidation reactions were hypothesized to induce condensation of lignin, which increased the amount of aromatic rings connected by carbon-carbon bonds. This modification is assumed to be beneficial when aiming for graphite materials such as carbon fibers. Furthermore, the ratio of remaining aliphatic hydroxyls to phenolic hydroxyls was increased, making the structure more favorable for carbon fiber production. When the modified lignin was mixed together with cellulose, the mixture could be spun into intact precursor fibers by using dry-jet wet spinning. The modified lignin leaked less to the spin bath compared with the unmodified lignin starting material, making the recycling of spin-bath solvents easier. The stronger incorporation of modified lignin in the precursor fibers was confirmed by composition analysis, thermogravimetry, and mechanical testing. This work shows how white-rot fungal treatment can be used to modify the structure of lignin to be more favorable for the production of bio-based fiber materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joona Mikkilä
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- .
Tel.: +358504413086
| | - Mikaela Trogen
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, Espoo FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Klaus A. Y. Koivu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Kontro
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Kuuskeri
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riku Maltari
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zane Dekere
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marianna Kemell
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miia R. Mäkelä
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paula A. Nousiainen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael Hummel
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, Espoo FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Jussi Sipilä
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Hildén
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, Helsinki FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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9
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Functional Expression and One-Step Protein Purification of Manganese Peroxidase 1 (rMnP1) from Phanerochaete chrysosporium Using the E. coli-Expression System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020416. [PMID: 31936493 PMCID: PMC7013543 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese peroxidases (MnP) from the white-rot fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium catalyse the oxidation of Mn2+ to Mn3+, a strong oxidizer able to oxidize a wide variety of organic compounds. Different approaches have been used to unravel the enzymatic properties and potential applications of MnP. However, these efforts have been hampered by the limited production of native MnP by fungi. Heterologous expression of MnP has been achieved in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic expression systems, although with limited production and many disadvantages in the process. Here we described a novel molecular approach for the expression and purification of manganese peroxidase isoform 1 (MnP1) from P. chrysosporium using an E. coli-expression system. The proposed strategy involved the codon optimization and chemical synthesis of the MnP1 gene for optimised expression in the E. coli T7 shuffle host. Recombinant MnP1 (rMnP1) was expressed as a fusion protein, which was recovered from solubilised inclusion bodies. rMnP1 was purified from the fusion protein using intein-based protein purification techniques and a one-step affinity chromatography. The designated strategy allowed production of an active enzyme able to oxidize guaiacol or Mn2+.
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10
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Laccase isoform diversity in basidiomycete Lentinus strigosus 1566: Potential for phenylpropanoid polymerization. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 137:1199-1210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Chaurasia SK, Bhardwaj NK. Biobleaching - An ecofriendly and environmental benign pulp bleaching technique: A review. J Carbohydr Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2019.1581888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nishi K. Bhardwaj
- Avantha Centre for Industrial Research and Development, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
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12
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Marinović M, Aguilar-Pontes MV, Zhou M, Miettinen O, de Vries RP, Mäkelä MR, Hildén K. Temporal transcriptome analysis of the white-rot fungus Obba rivulosa shows expression of a constitutive set of plant cell wall degradation targeted genes during growth on solid spruce wood. Fungal Genet Biol 2017; 112:47-54. [PMID: 28754284 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The basidiomycete white-rot fungus Obba rivulosa, a close relative of Gelatoporia (Ceriporiopsis) subvermispora, is an efficient degrader of softwood. The dikaryotic O. rivulosa strain T241i (FBCC949) has been shown to selectively remove lignin from spruce wood prior to depolymerization of plant cell wall polysaccharides, thus possessing potential in biotechnological applications such as pretreatment of wood in pulp and paper industry. In this work, we studied the time-course of the conversion of spruce by the genome-sequenced monokaryotic O. rivulosa strain 3A-2, which is derived from the dikaryon T241i, to get insight into transcriptome level changes during prolonged solid state cultivation. During 8-week cultivation, O. rivulosa expressed a constitutive set of genes encoding putative plant cell wall degrading enzymes. High level of expression of the genes targeted towards all plant cell wall polymers was detected at 2-week time point, after which majority of the genes showed reduced expression. This implicated non-selective degradation of lignin by the O. rivulosa monokaryon and suggests high variation between mono- and dikaryotic strains of the white-rot fungi with respect to their abilities to convert plant cell wall polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Marinović
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Victoria Aguilar-Pontes
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miaomiao Zhou
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Otto Miettinen
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ronald P de Vries
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, Helsinki, Finland; Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miia R Mäkelä
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Hildén
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, Helsinki, Finland.
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Abstract
Laccases are multi-copper oxidoreductases which catalyze the oxidation of a wide range of substrates during the simultaneous reduction of oxygen to water. These enzymes, originally found in fungi, plants, and other natural sources, have many industrial and biotechnological applications. They are used in the food, textile, pulp, and paper industries, as well as for bioremediation purposes. Although natural hosts can provide relatively high levels of active laccases after production optimization, heterologous expression can bring, moreover, engineered enzymes with desired properties, such as different substrate specificity or improved stability. Hence, diverse hosts suitable for laccase production are reviewed here, while the greatest emphasis is placed on yeasts which are commonly used for industrial production of various proteins. Different approaches to optimize the laccase expression and activity are also discussed in detail here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Antošová
- Department of Membrane Transport, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Sychrová
- Department of Membrane Transport, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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14
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Ergün BG, Çalık P. Lignocellulose degrading extremozymes produced by Pichia pastoris: current status and future prospects. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:1-36. [PMID: 26497303 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1476-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this review article, extremophilic lignocellulosic enzymes with special interest on xylanases, β-mannanases, laccases and finally cellulases, namely, endoglucanases, exoglucanases and β-glucosidases produced by Pichia pastoris are reviewed for the first time. Recombinant lignocellulosic extremozymes are discussed from the perspectives of their potential application areas; characteristics of recombinant and native enzymes; the effects of P. pastoris expression system on recombinant extremozymes; and their expression levels and applied strategies to increase the enzyme expression yield. Further, effects of enzyme domains on activity and stability, protein engineering via molecular dynamics simulation and computational prediction, and site-directed mutagenesis and amino acid modifications done are also focused. Superior enzyme characteristics and improved stability due to the proper post-translational modifications and better protein folding performed by P. pastoris make this host favourable for extremozyme production. Especially, glycosylation contributes to the structure, function and stability of enzymes, as generally glycosylated enzymes produced by P. pastoris exhibit better thermostability than non-glycosylated enzymes. However, there has been limited study on enzyme engineering to improve catalytic efficiency and stability of lignocellulosic enzymes. Thus, in the future, studies should focus on protein engineering to improve stability and catalytic efficiency via computational modelling, mutations, domain replacements and fusion enzyme technology. Also metagenomic data need to be used more extensively to produce novel enzymes with extreme characteristics and stability.
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15
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Abstract
We report here the first genome sequence of the white-rot fungus Obba rivulosa (Polyporales, Basidiomycota), a polypore known for its lignin-decomposing ability. The genome is based on the homokaryon 3A-2 originating in Finland. The genome is typical in size and carbohydrate active enzyme (CAZy) content for wood-decomposing basidiomycetes.
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16
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Homologous and Heterologous Expression of Basidiomycete Genes Related to Plant Biomass Degradation. Fungal Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-27951-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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An H, Xiao T, Fan H, Wei D. Molecular characterization of a novel thermostable laccase PPLCC2 from the brown rot fungus Postia placenta MAD-698-R. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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18
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Zhuo R, He F, Zhang X, Yang Y. Characterization of a yeast recombinant laccase rLAC-EN3-1 and its application in decolorizing synthetic dye with the coexistence of metal ions and organic solvents. Biochem Eng J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Biochemical and molecular characterization of a novel laccase from selective lignin-degrading white-rot fungus Echinodontium taxodii 2538. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Gu C, Zheng F, Long L, Wang J, Ding S. Engineering the expression and characterization of two novel laccase isoenzymes from Coprinus comatus in Pichia pastoris by fusing an additional ten amino acids tag at N-terminus. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93912. [PMID: 24710109 PMCID: PMC3977997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The detail understanding of physiological/biochemical characteristics of individual laccase isoenzymes in fungi is necessary for fundamental and application purposes, but our knowledge is still limited for most of fungi due to difficult to express laccases heterologously. In this study, two novel laccase genes, named lac3 and lac4, encoding proteins of 547 and 532-amino acids preceded by 28 and 16-residue signal peptides, respectively, were cloned from the edible basidiomycete Coprinus comatus. They showed 70% identity but much lower homology with other fungal laccases at protein level (less than 58%). Two novel laccase isoenzymes were successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris by fusing an additional 10 amino acids (Thr-Pro-Phe-Pro-Pro-Phe-Asn-Thr-Asn-Ser) tag at N-terminus, and the volumetric activities could be dramatically enhanced from undetectable level to 689 and 1465 IU/l for Lac3 and Lac4, respectively. Both laccases possessed the lowest Km and highest kcat/Km value towards syringaldazine, followed by ABTS, guaiacol and 2,6-dimethylphenol similar as the low redox potential laccases from other microorganisms. Lac3 and Lac4 showed resistant to SDS, and retained 31.86% and 43.08% activity in the presence of 100 mM SDS, respectively. Lac3 exhibited higher decolorization efficiency than Lac4 for eleven out of thirteen different dyes, which may attribute to the relatively higher catalytic efficiency of Lac3 than Lac4 (in terms of kcat/Km) towards syringaldazine and ABTS. The mild synergistic decolorization by two laccases was observed for triphenylmethane dyes but not for anthraquinone and azo dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjuan Gu
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Zheng
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liangkun Long
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaojun Ding
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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21
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Wang HW, Zhu H, Liang XF, Du W, Dai CC. Molecular cloning and expression of a novel laccase showing thermo- and acid-stability from the endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambari and its potential for growth promotion of plants. Biotechnol Lett 2013; 36:167-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-013-1347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Christensen NJ, Kepp KP. Stability Mechanisms of Laccase Isoforms using a Modified FoldX Protocol Applicable to Widely Different Proteins. J Chem Theory Comput 2013; 9:3210-23. [PMID: 26583998 DOI: 10.1021/ct4002152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A recent computational protocol that accurately predicts and rationalizes protein multisite mutant stabilities has been extended to handle widely different isoforms of laccases. We apply the protocol to four isoenzymes of Trametes versicolor laccase (TvL) with variable lengths (498-503 residues) and thermostability (Topt ∼ 45-80 °C) and with 67-77% sequence identity. The extended protocol uses (i) statistical averaging, (ii) a molecular-dynamics-validated "compromise" homology model to minimize bias that causes proteins close in sequence to a structural template to be too stable due to having the benefits of the better sampled template (typically from a crystal structure), (iii) correction for hysteresis that favors the input template to overdestabilize, and (iv) a preparative protocol to provide robust input sequences of equal length. The computed ΔΔG values are in good agreement with the major trends in experimental stabilities; that is, the approach may be applicable for fast estimates of the relative stabilities of proteins with as little as 70% identity, something that is currently extremely challenging. The computed stability changes associated with variations are Gaussian-distributed, in good agreement with experimental distributions of stability effects from mutation. The residues causing the differential stability of the four isoforms are consistent with a range of compiled laccase wild type data, suggesting that we may have identified general drivers of laccase stability. Several sites near Cu, notably 79, 241, and 245, or near substrate, mainly 265, are identified that contribute to stability-function trade-offs, of relevance to the search for new proficient and stable variants of these important industrial enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels J Christensen
- Technical University of Denmark , DTU Chemistry, Kemitorvet 206, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kasper P Kepp
- Technical University of Denmark , DTU Chemistry, Kemitorvet 206, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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