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Furuta S. Microbiome-Stealth Regulator of Breast Homeostasis and Cancer Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:3040. [PMID: 39272898 PMCID: PMC11394247 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16173040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cumulative evidence attests to the essential roles of commensal microbes in the physiology of hosts. Although the microbiome has been a major research subject since the time of Luis Pasteur and William Russell over 140 years ago, recent findings that certain intracellular bacteria contribute to the pathophysiology of healthy vs. diseased tissues have brought the field of the microbiome to a new era of investigation. Particularly, in the field of breast cancer research, breast-tumor-resident bacteria are now deemed to be essential players in tumor initiation and progression. This is a resurrection of Russel's bacterial cause of cancer theory, which was in fact abandoned over 100 years ago. This review will introduce some of the recent findings that exemplify the roles of breast-tumor-resident microbes in breast carcinogenesis and metastasis and provide mechanistic explanations for these phenomena. Such information would be able to justify the utility of breast-tumor-resident microbes as biomarkers for disease progression and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Furuta
- MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Alba C, Arroyo R, Fernández L, Narbad A, Rodríguez JM. Characterization of a Ligilactobacillus salivarius Strain Isolated from a Cheese Seal Which Was Last Used in 1936. Foods 2024; 13:2005. [PMID: 38998510 PMCID: PMC11241558 DOI: 10.3390/foods13132005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cheesemaking played a pivotal role in the life of the Pyrenean villages where cheese was a most prized commodity and the subject of much local competition. In one of them (Sasa de Sobrepuerto), Mrs. Sebastiana Palacio decided in 1877 to label all the cheeses made in her household with a seal to differentiate them from those made by other local producers. The cheese seal was last used in 1936 and, since then, it has been kept under excellent storage conditions. Since well-preserved cheese seals are rare, and bacterial cells may survive desiccation for long periods, the objective of this work was to isolate and characterize any lactic acid bacteria that survived in the seal. Analysis of the milky crust material revealed the presence of sheep caseins. Culture-based analysis led to the isolation of a strain of Bacillus licheniformis and a strain of Ligilactobacillus salivarius (L. salivarius SP36). The latter was characterized in vitro for safety and dairy-related functional properties. Its genome encodes several genes involved in protein, peptide, and amino acid catabolism, and flavor. Overall, the phenotypic and genetic features of this strain support a high potential for being used as adjunct culture in cheesemaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Alba
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Rebeca Arroyo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Leónides Fernández
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Arjan Narbad
- Food Microbiome and Health Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Rosalind Franklin Road, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK;
| | - Juan M. Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.A.); (R.A.)
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Vélez-Ixta JM, Juárez-Castelán CJ, Ramírez-Sánchez D, Lázaro-Pérez NDS, Castro-Arellano JJ, Romero-Maldonado S, Rico-Arzate E, Hoyo-Vadillo C, Salgado-Mancilla M, Gómez-Cruz CY, Krishnakumar A, Piña-Escobedo A, Benitez-Guerrero T, Pizano-Zárate ML, Cruz-Narváez Y, García-Mena J. Post Natal Microbial and Metabolite Transmission: The Path from Mother to Infant. Nutrients 2024; 16:1990. [PMID: 38999737 PMCID: PMC11243545 DOI: 10.3390/nu16131990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The entero-mammary pathway is a specialized route that selectively translocates bacteria to the newborn's gut, playing a crucial role in neonatal development. Previous studies report shared bacterial and archaeal taxa between human milk and neonatal intestine. However, the functional implications for neonatal development are not fully understood due to limited evidence. This study aimed to identify and characterize the microbiota and metabolome of human milk, mother, and infant stool samples using high-throughput DNA sequencing and FT-ICR MS methodology at delivery and 4 months post-partum. Twenty-one mothers and twenty-five infants were included in this study. Our results on bacterial composition suggest vertical transmission of bacteria through breastfeeding, with major changes occurring during the first 4 months of life. Metabolite chemical characterization sheds light on the growing complexity of the metabolites. Further data integration and network analysis disclosed the interactions between different bacteria and metabolites in the biological system as well as possible unknown pathways. Our findings suggest a shared bacteriome in breastfed mother-neonate pairs, influenced by maternal lifestyle and delivery conditions, serving as probiotic agents in infants for their healthy development. Also, the presence of food biomarkers in infants suggests their origin from breast milk, implying selective vertical transmission of these features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Vélez-Ixta
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Carmen Josefina Juárez-Castelán
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Daniela Ramírez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Noemí Del Socorro Lázaro-Pérez
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - José Javier Castro-Arellano
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Silvia Romero-Maldonado
- Unidad de Cuidados Intermedios al Recién Nacido, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Enrique Rico-Arzate
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Carlos Hoyo-Vadillo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Marisol Salgado-Mancilla
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Carlos Yamel Gómez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Aparna Krishnakumar
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Alberto Piña-Escobedo
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Tizziani Benitez-Guerrero
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - María Luisa Pizano-Zárate
- Coordinación de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
- Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 4, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Yair Cruz-Narváez
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Jaime García-Mena
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
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Abramov VM, Kosarev IV, Machulin AV, Deryusheva EI, Priputnevich TV, Panin AN, Chikileva IO, Abashina TN, Manoyan AM, Ahmetzyanova AA, Ivanova OE, Papazyan TT, Nikonov IN, Suzina NE, Melnikov VG, Khlebnikov VS, Sakulin VK, Samoilenko VA, Gordeev AB, Sukhikh GT, Uversky VN. Ligilactobacillus salivarius 7247 Strain: Probiotic Properties and Anti- Salmonella Effect with Prebiotics. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1535. [PMID: 37887236 PMCID: PMC10604316 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12101535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ligilactobacillus salivarius 7247 (LS7247) strain, originally isolated from a healthy woman's intestines and reproductive system, has been studied for its probiotic potential, particularly against Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) and Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) as well as its potential use in synbiotics. LS7247 showed high tolerance to gastric and intestinal stress and effectively adhered to human and animal enterocyte monolayers, essential for realizing its probiotic properties. LS7247 showed high anti-Salmonella activity. Additionally, the cell-free culture supernatant (CFS) of LS7247 exhibited anti-Salmonella activity, with a partial reduction upon neutralization with NaOH (p < 0.05), suggesting the presence of anti-Salmonella factors such as lactic acid (LA) and bacteriocins. LS7247 produced a high concentration of LA, reaching 124.0 ± 2.5 mM after 48 h of cultivation. Unique gene clusters in the genome of LS7247 contribute to the production of Enterolysin A and metalloendopeptidase. Notably, LS7247 carries a plasmid with a gene cluster identical to human intestinal strain L. salivarius UCC118, responsible for class IIb bacteriocin synthesis, and a gene cluster identical to porcine strain L. salivarius P1ACE3, responsible for nisin S synthesis. Co-cultivation of LS7247 with SE and ST pathogens reduced their viability by 1.0-1.5 log, attributed to cell wall damage and ATP leakage caused by the CFS. For the first time, the CFS of LS7247 has been shown to inhibit adhesion of SE and ST to human and animal enterocytes (p < 0.01). The combination of Actigen prebiotic and the CFS of LS7247 demonstrated a significant combined effect in inhibiting the adhesion of SE and ST to human and animal enterocytes (p < 0.001). These findings highlight the potential of using the LS7247 as a preventive strategy and employing probiotics and synbiotics to combat the prevalence of salmonellosis in animals and humans caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of SE and ST pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav M. Abramov
- Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor) Federal State Budgetary Institution “The Russian State Center for Animal Feed and Drug Standardization and Quality” (FGBU VGNKI), 123022 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.K.)
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor V. Kosarev
- Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor) Federal State Budgetary Institution “The Russian State Center for Animal Feed and Drug Standardization and Quality” (FGBU VGNKI), 123022 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.K.)
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Machulin
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of Russian Academy of Science”, Russian Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Evgenia I. Deryusheva
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of Russian Academy of Science”, Russian Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Tatiana V. Priputnevich
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Panin
- Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor) Federal State Budgetary Institution “The Russian State Center for Animal Feed and Drug Standardization and Quality” (FGBU VGNKI), 123022 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.K.)
| | - Irina O. Chikileva
- Laboratory of Cell Immunity, Blokhin National Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health RF, 115478 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Tatiana N. Abashina
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of Russian Academy of Science”, Russian Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Ashot M. Manoyan
- Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor) Federal State Budgetary Institution “The Russian State Center for Animal Feed and Drug Standardization and Quality” (FGBU VGNKI), 123022 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.K.)
| | - Anna A. Ahmetzyanova
- Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor) Federal State Budgetary Institution “The Russian State Center for Animal Feed and Drug Standardization and Quality” (FGBU VGNKI), 123022 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.K.)
| | - Olga E. Ivanova
- Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor) Federal State Budgetary Institution “The Russian State Center for Animal Feed and Drug Standardization and Quality” (FGBU VGNKI), 123022 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.K.)
| | | | - Ilia N. Nikonov
- Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology Named after K.I. Skryabin, 109472 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliya E. Suzina
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of Russian Academy of Science”, Russian Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav G. Melnikov
- Gabrichevsky Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, 125212 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vadim K. Sakulin
- Institute of Immunological Engineering, 142380 Lyubuchany, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Samoilenko
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of Russian Academy of Science”, Russian Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Alexey B. Gordeev
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady T. Sukhikh
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
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Safi E, Haddad M, Hasan M, Al-Dalain SY, Proestos C, Siddiqui SA. Characterization of Potential Probiotic Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Camel Colostrum by Biochemical and Molecular Methods. Vet Med Int 2023; 2023:8334152. [PMID: 37841508 PMCID: PMC10576644 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8334152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 60 isolates of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from Jordanian camel colostrum using biochemical and molecular methods. Two dominant species were identified, and they were Lactobacillus salivarius and Enterococcus faecium. The entire 60 isolated LAB were tested for their acidity and bile tolerance, antimicrobial activity, and antibiotic sensitivity to test their potential probiotic activity. All 60 isolates were tolerant to different pH concentrations (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10) with different survival rates (%). The entire isolates were also tolerant to different bile salt concentrations (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 2, and 3) with different bile resistance (%). All isolates have a different range of antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, and Salmonella typhimurium. The 60 isolates were almost sensitive to ampicillin, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin when different concentrations were used except some isolates of intermediate resistance. Only 6% of the isolates were resistant to clarithromycin at a concentration of 15 µg per disc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas Safi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Moawiya Haddad
- Department of Nutrition and Food Processing, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Al-Balqa Applied University, P.O. Box 206, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Maen Hasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Sati Y. Al-Dalain
- Department of Medical Support, Al-Karak University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Salt, Jordan
| | - Charalampos Proestos
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Shahida A. Siddiqui
- Technical University of Munich, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Essigberg 3, Straubing 94315, Germany
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-von-Klitzing Str. 7, D-Quakenbrück 49610, Germany
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Xin WG, Li XD, Lin YC, Jiang YH, Xu MY, Zhang QL, Wang F, Lin LB. Whole genome analysis of host-associated lactobacillus salivarius and the effects on hepatic antioxidant enzymes and gut microorganisms of Sinocyclocheilus grahami. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1014970. [PMID: 36386721 PMCID: PMC9648147 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1014970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As a fish unique to Yunnan Province in China, Sinocyclocheilus grahami hosts abundant potential probiotic resources in its intestinal tract. However, the genomic characteristics of the probiotic potential bacteria in its intestine and their effects on S. grahami have not yet been established. In this study, we investigated the functional genomics and host response of a strain, Lactobacillus salivarius S01, isolated from the intestine of S. grahami (bred in captivity). The results revealed that the total length of the genome was 1,737,623 bp (GC content, 33.09%), comprised of 1895 genes, including 22 rRNA operons and 78 transfer RNA genes. Three clusters of antibacterial substances related genes were identified using antiSMASH and BAGEL4 database predictions. In addition, manual examination confirmed the presence of functional genes related to stress resistance, adhesion, immunity, and other genes responsible for probiotic potential in the genome of L. salivarius S01. Subsequently, the probiotic effect of L. salivarius S01 was investigated in vivo by feeding S. grahami a diet with bacterial supplementation. The results showed that potential probiotic supplementation increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and POD) in the hepar and reduced oxidative damage (MDA). Furthermore, the gut microbial community and diversity of S. grahami from different treatment groups were compared using high-throughput sequencing. The diversity index of the gut microbial community in the group supplemented with potential probiotics was higher than that in the control group, indicating that supplementation with potential probiotics increased gut microbial diversity. At the phylum level, the abundance of Proteobacteria decreased with potential probiotic supplementation, while the abundance of Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, and Bacteroidota increased. At the genus level, there was a decrease in the abundance of the pathogenic bacterium Aeromonas and an increase in the abundance of the potential probiotic bacterium Bifidobacterium. The results of this study suggest that L. salivarius S01 is a promising potential probiotic candidate that provides multiple benefits for the microbiome of S. grahami.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Gang Xin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Xin-Dong Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Yi-Cen Lin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Yu-Hang Jiang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Mei-Yu Xu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Qi-Lin Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Lian-Bing Lin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, China
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Garvicins AG1 and AG2: Two Novel Class IId Bacteriocins of Lactococcus garvieae Lg-Granada. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094685. [PMID: 35563074 PMCID: PMC9101539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactococcus garvieae causes infectious diseases in animals and is considered an emerging zoonotic pathogen involved in human clinical conditions. In silico analysis of plasmid pLG50 of L. garvieae Lg-Granada, an isolate from a patient with endocarditis, revealed the presence of two gene clusters (orf46–47 and orf48–49), each one encoding a novel putative bacteriocin, i.e., garvicin AG1 (GarAG1; orf46) and garvicin AG2 (GarAG2; orf48), and their corresponding immunity proteins (orf47 and orf49). The chemically synthesised bacteriocins GarAG1 and GarAG2 presented inhibitory activity against pathogenic L. garvieae strains, with AG2 also being active against Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria ivanovii and Enterococcus faecalis. Genetic organisation, amino acid sequences and antimicrobial activities of GarAG1 and GarAG2 indicate that they belong to linear non-pediocin-like one-peptide class IId bacteriocins. Gram-positive bacteria that were sensitive to GarAG2 were also able to ferment mannose, suggesting that this bacteriocin could use the mannose phosphotransferase transport system (Man-PTS) involved in mannose uptake as a receptor in sensitive strains. Intriguingly, GarAG1 and GarAG2 were highly active against their own host, L. garvieae Lg-Granada, which could be envisaged as a new strategy to combat pathogens via their own weapons.
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Gómez-Torres N, Sánchez-García L, Castro I, Arroyo R, Cabañas F, González-Sánchez R, López-Azorín M, Moral-Pumarega MT, Escuder-Vieco D, Cabañes-Alonso E, Rodríguez JM, Alba C, Pellicer A. Metataxonomic Analysis of Milk Samples From SARS-CoV-2-Positive and SARS-CoV-2-Negative Women. Front Nutr 2022; 9:853576. [PMID: 35369105 PMCID: PMC8971750 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.853576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection on the metataxonomic profile and its evolution during the first month of lactation. Methods Milk samples from 37 women with full-term pregnancies and mild SARS-CoV-2 infection and from 63 controls, collected in the first and fifth postpartum weeks, have been analyzed. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) both in cases and controls. After DNA extraction, the V3-V4 hypervariable region of the gene 16S rRNA was amplified and sequenced using the MiSeq system of Illumina. Data were submitted for statistical and bioinformatics analyses after quality control. Results All the 1st week and 5th week postpartum milk samples were negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Alpha diversity showed no differences between milk samples from the study and control group, and this condition was maintained along the observation time. Analysis of the beta-diversity also indicated that the study and control groups did not show distinct bacterial profiles. Staphyloccus and Streptococcus were the most abundant genera and the only ones that were detected in all the milk samples provided. Disease state (symptomatic or asymptomatic infection) did not affect the metataxonomic profile in breast milk. Conclusion These results support that in the non-severe SARS-CoV-2 pregnant woman infection the structure of the bacterial population is preserved and does not negatively impact on the human milk microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Gómez-Torres
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez-García
- Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Research Foundation-IDIPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Laura Sánchez-García,
| | - Irma Castro
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Arroyo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Cabañas
- Department of Neonatology, Quirónsalud Madrid University Hospital and Quirónsalud San José Hospital, Biomedical Research Foundation-IDIPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel González-Sánchez
- Department of Neonatology, Quirónsalud Madrid University Hospital and Quiroónsalud San José Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela López-Azorín
- Department of Neonatology, Quirónsalud Madrid University Hospital and Quiroónsalud San José Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Esther Cabañes-Alonso
- Department of Neonatology, Regional Human Milk Bank, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudio Alba
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Claudio Alba,
| | - Adelina Pellicer
- Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Research Foundation-IDIPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Laura Sánchez-García,
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Guerrero Sanchez M, Passot S, Campoy S, Olivares M, Fonseca F. Ligilactobacillus salivarius functionalities, applications, and manufacturing challenges. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 106:57-80. [PMID: 34889985 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11694-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ligilactobacillus salivarius is a lactic acid bacteria that has been gaining attention as a promising probiotic. Numerous strains exhibit functional properties with health benefits such as antimicrobial activity, immunological effects, and the ability to modulate the intestinal microbiota. However, just a small number of them are manufactured at an industrial scale and included in commercial products. The under exploitation of L. salivarius strains that remain in the freezer of companies is due to their incapacity to overcome the environmental stresses induced by production and stabilization processes.The present study summarizes the functionalities and applications of L. salivarius reported to date. It aims also at providing a critical evaluation of the literature available on the manufacturing steps of L. salivarius concentrates, the bacterial quality after each step of the process, and the putative degradation and preservation mechanisms. Here, we highlight the principal issues and future research challenges for improving the production and long-term preservation at the industrial scale of this microorganism, and probably of other probiotics.Key points• L. salivarius beneficial properties and commercialized products.• Production conditions and viability of L. salivarius after stabilization processes.• Prospects for identifying preservation mechanisms to improve L. salivarius stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Passot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - S Campoy
- R&D Department, Biosearch Life, 18004, Granada, Spain
| | - M Olivares
- R&D Department, Biosearch Life, 18004, Granada, Spain
| | - F Fonseca
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France.
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10
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The Gut‒Breast Axis: Programming Health for Life. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020606. [PMID: 33673254 PMCID: PMC7917897 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut is a pivotal organ in health and disease. The events that take place in the gut during early life contribute to the programming, shaping and tuning of distant organs, having lifelong consequences. In this context, the maternal gut plays a quintessence in programming the mammary gland to face the nutritional, microbiological, immunological, and neuroendocrine requirements of the growing infant. Subsequently, human colostrum and milk provides the infant with an impressive array of nutrients and bioactive components, including microbes, immune cells, and stem cells. Therefore, the axis linking the maternal gut, the breast, and the infant gut seems crucial for a correct infant growth and development. The aim of this article is not to perform a systematic review of the human milk components but to provide an insight of their extremely complex interactions, which render human milk a unique functional food and explain why this biological fluid still truly remains as a scientific enigma.
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11
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Application of Ligilactobacillus salivarius CECT5713 to Achieve Term Pregnancies in Women with Repetitive Abortion or Infertility of Unknown Origin by Microbiological and Immunological Modulation of the Vaginal Ecosystem. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010162. [PMID: 33419054 PMCID: PMC7825435 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the cervicovaginal environment of women with reproductive failure (repetitive abortion, infertility of unknown origin) was assessed and compared to that of healthy fertile women. Subsequently, the ability of Ligilactobacillus salivarius CECT5713 to increase pregnancy rates in women with reproductive failure was evaluated. Vaginal pH and Nugent score were higher in women with reproductive failure than in fertile women. The opposite was observed regarding the immune factors TGF-β 1, TFG-β 2, and VEFG. Lactobacilli were detected at a higher frequency and concentration in fertile women than in women with repetitive abortion or infertility. The metataxonomic study revealed that vaginal samples from fertile women were characterized by the high abundance of Lactobacillus sequences, while DNA from this genus was practically absent in one third of samples from women with reproductive failure. Daily oral administration of L. salivarius CECT5713 (~9 log10 CFU/day) to women with reproductive failure for a maximum of 6 months resulted in an overall successful pregnancy rate of 56%. The probiotic intervention modified key microbiological, biochemical, and immunological parameters in women who got pregnant. In conclusion, L. salivarius CECT5713 has proved to be a good candidate to improve reproductive success in women with reproductive failure.
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12
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Fernández L, Pannaraj PS, Rautava S, Rodríguez JM. The Microbiota of the Human Mammary Ecosystem. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:586667. [PMID: 33330129 PMCID: PMC7718026 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.586667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk contains a dynamic and complex site-specific microbiome, which is not assembled in an aleatory way, formed by organized microbial consortia and networks. Presence of some genera, such as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Cutibacterium (formerly known as Propionibacterium), Lactobacillus, Lactococcus and Bifidobacterium, has been detected by both culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. DNA from some gut-associated strict anaerobes has also been repeatedly found and some studies have revealed the presence of cells and/or nucleic acids from viruses, archaea, fungi and protozoa in human milk. Colostrum and milk microbes are transmitted to the infant and, therefore, they are among the first colonizers of the human gut. Still, the significance of human milk microbes in infant gut colonization remains an open question. Clinical studies trying to elucidate the question are confounded by the profound impact of non-microbial human milk components to intestinal microecology. Modifications in the microbiota of human milk may have biological consequences for infant colonization, metabolism, immune and neuroendocrine development, and for mammary health. However, the factors driving differences in the composition of the human milk microbiome remain poorly known. In addition to colostrum and milk, breast tissue in lactating and non-lactating women may also contain a microbiota, with implications in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and in some of the adverse outcomes associated with breast implants. This and other open issues, such as the origin of the human milk microbiome, and the current limitations and future prospects are addressed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leónides Fernández
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pia S. Pannaraj
- Department of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Samuli Rautava
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, New Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juan M. Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Kang W, Pan L, Peng C, Dong L, Cao S, Cheng H, Wang Y, Zhang C, Gu R, Wang J, Zhou H. Isolation and characterization of lactic acid bacteria from human milk. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:9980-9991. [PMID: 32952010 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Human milk is the main source of nutrition for infants and the transmission of various microorganisms. The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in breast milk allow for the establishment of the gut microflora of infants. In this study, we aimed to assess the probiotic potential of LAB strains isolated from breast milk of healthy Chinese women. Two strains, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (formerly Lactobacillus rhamnosus) LHL6 and LHL7, were selected and identified through morphology observation, Gram staining, and 16S rDNA phylogenetic analysis. Using Limosilactobacillus fermentum (formerly Lactobacillus fermentum) CECT5716 as the standard reference strain, the screened strains were characterized for aspects of growth, production of lactic acid and H2O2, antibiotic susceptibility, survival under simulated gastrointestinal conditions, and tolerance to cadmium (Cd). In de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) broth, LHL6 and LHL7 showed longer lag phases than CECT5716 but higher specific growth rates. For the production of lactic acid and H2O2, LHL7 performed better than LHL6 and CECT5716, indicating better antimicrobial ability. Strain LHL7 generated 9.99 mg/L H2O2, considerably higher than 1.25 mg/L for LHL6 and 2.33 mg/L for CECT5716. According to European Food Safety Authority minimum inhibitory concentrations, all of the investigated strains were resistant to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and kanamycin. However, unlike LHL6 and CECT5716, LHL7 was susceptible to ampicillin and resistant to tetracycline. Resistance to azithromycin, cephalexin, and penicillin G were similar for all 3 strains, whereas CECT5716 was resistant to a higher concentration of roxithromycin. All 3 strains were able to survive in a simulated gastric-like solution, but a low percentage survived in the presence of 0.4% bile salt and 7% pancreatin. Encapsulation with protectants may enhance the survival rate. All 3 strains were tolerant to 500 mg/L Cd in MRS broth and to 1,000 mg/L Cd on MRS agar medium. In summary, 2 novel strains of LAB were obtained that have similar characteristics to the reference strain CECT5716. This work identified potential probiotic candidates for application in the food and pharmaceutical industries and facilitated identification of further probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Kang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China; Ausnutria Institute of Food and Nutrition, Ausnutria Dairy (China) Co. Ltd., Changsha 410200, Hunan, China
| | - Lina Pan
- Ausnutria Institute of Food and Nutrition, Ausnutria Dairy (China) Co. Ltd., Changsha 410200, Hunan, China
| | - Can Peng
- Ausnutria Institute of Food and Nutrition, Ausnutria Dairy (China) Co. Ltd., Changsha 410200, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Dong
- Ausnutria Institute of Food and Nutrition, Ausnutria Dairy (China) Co. Ltd., Changsha 410200, Hunan, China
| | - Sufang Cao
- Ausnutria Institute of Food and Nutrition, Ausnutria Dairy (China) Co. Ltd., Changsha 410200, Hunan, China
| | - Haina Cheng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruixia Gu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Ausnutria Institute of Food and Nutrition, Ausnutria Dairy (China) Co. Ltd., Changsha 410200, Hunan, China.
| | - Hongbo Zhou
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China.
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14
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Bahreini-Esfahani N, Moravejolahkami AR. Can Synbiotic Dietary Pattern Predict Lactobacillales Strains in Breast Milk? Breastfeed Med 2020; 15:387-393. [PMID: 32311272 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2019.0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Human milk potentially includes probiotic Lactobacillales, an order of gram-positive bacteria that have the ability to ferment sugars to lactic acid. These bioactive agents may be affected by maternal dietary patterns. This study aimed to find out significant dietary patterns and their relation with the current presence of available Lactobacillales levels in breast milk. Materials and Methods: This comparative study was done in a clinic in Isfahan, Iran. A total number of 345 healthy mothers were assessed for major dietary patterns. Among identified patterns, two main patterns (synbiotic, n = 41; Western, n = 132) were selected for comparison. Lactobacillales colonies were then counted in the breast milk samples. Analysis of covariance test was used to analyze the association between dietary patterns and breastfeeding. Results: Two significant dietary patterns (synbiotic and Western) were identified through the factor analysis method. These patterns accounted for 34.41% of the cumulative variance in food groups (synbiotic pattern, 12.77%; Western pattern, 21.64%). Synbiotic dietary pattern (syn.patt) was related to higher Lactobacillales counts (5.3 ± 1.4 log CFU/g), whereas the lower number of Lactobacillales were detected from Western dietary pattern (West.patt) (3.3 ± 1.9 log CFU/g; p < 0.05). Conclusion:Syn.patt and West.patt can affect the Lactobacillales population; so, probiotic strains especially Lactobacillales may be improved by healthy syn.patt. This association should be confirmed by clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimah Bahreini-Esfahani
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition and School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Moravejolahkami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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15
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Lyons KE, Ryan CA, Dempsey EM, Ross RP, Stanton C. Breast Milk, a Source of Beneficial Microbes and Associated Benefits for Infant Health. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1039. [PMID: 32283875 PMCID: PMC7231147 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human breast milk is considered the optimum feeding regime for newborn infants due to its ability to provide complete nutrition and many bioactive health factors. Breast feeding is associated with improved infant health and immune development, less incidences of gastrointestinal disease and lower mortality rates than formula fed infants. As well as providing fundamental nutrients to the growing infant, breast milk is a source of commensal bacteria which further enhance infant health by preventing pathogen adhesion and promoting gut colonisation of beneficial microbes. While breast milk was initially considered a sterile fluid and microbes isolated were considered contaminants, it is now widely accepted that breast milk is home to its own unique microbiome. The origins of bacteria in breast milk have been subject to much debate, however, the possibility of an entero-mammary pathway allowing for transfer of microbes from maternal gut to the mammary gland is one potential pathway. Human milk derived strains can be regarded as potential probiotics; therefore, many studies have focused on isolating strains from milk for subsequent use in infant health and nutrition markets. This review aims to discuss mammary gland development in preparation for lactation as well as explore the microbial composition and origins of the human milk microbiota with a focus on probiotic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katríona E. Lyons
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork P61 C996, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - C. Anthony Ryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
- Department of Neonatology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork T12 YE02, Ireland
| | - Eugene M. Dempsey
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
- Department of Neonatology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork T12 YE02, Ireland
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 DFK4, Ireland
| | - R. Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork P61 C996, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
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16
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Ruiz L, García-Carral C, Rodriguez JM. Unfolding the Human Milk Microbiome Landscape in the Omics Era. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1378. [PMID: 31293535 PMCID: PMC6604669 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies conducted in the last years have demonstrated that human milk represents a continuous supply of beneficial bacteria to the infant gut, which contribute to the maturation of the digestive and immune functions in the developing infant. Nevertheless, the origin of bacterial populations in milk is not fully understood yet and they have been proposed to originate from maternal skin, infant’s mouth, and (or) endogenously, from the maternal digestive tract through a mechanism involving immune cells. Understanding the composition, functions and assembly of the human milk microbiota has important implications not only for the infant gut microbiota establishment, but also for the mammary health since dysbiosis in the milk bacteria may lead to mastitis. Besides, host, microbial, medical and environmental factors may affect the composition of the human milk microbiome, with implications for the mother-infant health. Application of both culture-dependent and -independent techniques to assess the milk microbiome faces some practical limitations but, together, have allowed providing novel and complementary views on its origin, composition and functioning as summarized in this minireview. In the next future, the application of the ultimate advances in next-generation sequencing and omics approaches, including culturomics, will allow a detailed and comprehensive understanding of the composition and functions of these microbial communities, including their interactions with other milk components, expanding the opportunities to design novel microbiome-based modulation strategies for this ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Ruiz
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Carral
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Rodriguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Ninkina N, Kukharsky MS, Hewitt MV, Lysikova EA, Skuratovska LN, Deykin AV, Buchman VL. Stem cells in human breast milk. Hum Cell 2019; 32:223-230. [PMID: 30972555 PMCID: PMC6570695 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-019-00251-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that breast milk contains a population of cells displaying many of the properties typical of stem cells. This review outlines progress made in this newly emerging field of stem cell biology and provides an analysis of the available data on purification, propagation and differentiation of certain types of progenitor cells from breast milk. The possible fates of breast milk cells, including microchimerism caused by their transmission to the distant organs of the infant, are also discussed. Unique properties of breast milk-derived stem cells, such as their unusually low tumorigenic potential and their negligible ability to form teratomas, are highlighted as obvious advantages for using these cells in regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ninkina
- Institute of Physiology Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severnyj Proezd, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation.
- Cardiff University, Life Sciences Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3AX, UK.
| | - Michail S Kukharsky
- Institute of Physiology Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severnyj Proezd, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovitianova str 1, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Maria V Hewitt
- Institute of Physiology Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severnyj Proezd, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina A Lysikova
- Institute of Physiology Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severnyj Proezd, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation
| | - Larissa N Skuratovska
- The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya st., Moscow, 125315, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey V Deykin
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str., 34/5, Moscow, 19334, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir L Buchman
- Institute of Physiology Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severnyj Proezd, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation
- Cardiff University, Life Sciences Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3AX, UK
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18
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Martín V, Cárdenas N, Ocaña S, Marín M, Arroyo R, Beltrán D, Badiola C, Fernández L, Rodríguez JM. Rectal and Vaginal Eradication of Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) in Pregnant Women by Using Lactobacillus salivarius CECT 9145, A Target-specific Probiotic Strain. Nutrients 2019; 11:E810. [PMID: 30974819 PMCID: PMC6521265 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococci, GBS) can cause severe neonatal sepsis. The recto-vaginal GBS screening of pregnant women and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) to positive ones is one of the main preventive options. However, such a strategy has some limitations and there is a need for alternative approaches. Initially, the vaginal microbiota of 30 non-pregnant and 24 pregnant women, including the assessment of GBS colonization, was studied. Among the Lactobacillus isolates, 10 Lactobacillus salivarius strains were selected for further characterization. In vitro characterization revealed that L. salivarius CECT 9145 was the best candidate for GBS eradication. Its efficacy to eradicate GBS from the intestinal and vaginal tracts of pregnant women was evaluated in a pilot trial involving 57 healthy pregnant women. All the volunteers in the probiotic group (n = 25) were GBS-positive and consumed ~9 log10 cfu of L. salivarius CECT 9145 daily from week 26 to week 38. At the end of the trial (week 38), 72% and 68% of the women in this group were GBS-negative in the rectal and vaginal samples, respectively. L. salivarius CECT 9145 seems to be an efficient method to reduce the number of GBS-positive women during pregnancy, decreasing the number of women receiving IAP during delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Martín
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nivia Cárdenas
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sara Ocaña
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Unidad de Reproducción, Fundación Hospital Alcorcón, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain.
| | - María Marín
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Arroyo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - David Beltrán
- Centro de Diagnóstico Médico, Ayuntamiento de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carlos Badiola
- Laboratorios Casen Recordati S.L., Vía de las Dos Castillas, 33, 28224 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Leónides Fernández
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan M Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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19
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Cárdenas N, Martín V, Arroyo R, López M, Carrera M, Badiola C, Jiménez E, Rodríguez JM. Prevention of Recurrent Acute Otitis Media in Children Through the Use of Lactobacillus salivarius PS7, a Target-Specific Probiotic Strain. Nutrients 2019; 11:E376. [PMID: 30759799 PMCID: PMC6413216 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common bacterial infections in children. Empiric antibiotherapy leads to increasing antimicrobial resistance rates among otopathogens and may impair the correct development of the microbiota in early life. In this context, probiotics seem to be an attractive approach for preventing recurrent AOM (rAOM) through the restoration of the middle ear and nasopharyngeal microbiota. The aim of this study was the selection of a probiotic strain (Lactobacillus salivarius PS7), specifically tailored for its antagonism against otopathogens. Since L. salivarius PS7 was safe and displayed a strong antimicrobial activity against otopathogens, its efficacy in preventing rAOM was assessed in a trial involving 61 children suffering from rAOM. Children consumed daily ~1 × 10⁸ CFU of L. salivarius PS7, and the number of AOM episodes were registered and compared with that observed in the previous 6 and 12 months. The microbiota of samples collected from the external auditory canal samples was quantitatively and qualitatively assessed. The number of AOM episodes during the intervention period decreased significantly (84%) when compared to that reported during the 6 months period before the probiotic intervention. In conclusion, L. salivarius PS7 is a promising strain for the prevention of rAOM in infants and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivia Cárdenas
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Virginia Martín
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Arroyo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mario López
- Centro de Salud Bermeo, Tonpoi Kalea, s/n, 48370 Bermeo, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Marta Carrera
- Centro de Salud Silvano, Av. de Machupichu, 58, 28043 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carlos Badiola
- Laboratorios Casen Recordati S.L., Vía de las Dos Castillas, 33, 28224 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Esther Jiménez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan M Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Fernández L, Ruiz L, Jara J, Orgaz B, Rodríguez JM. Strategies for the Preservation, Restoration and Modulation of the Human Milk Microbiota. Implications for Human Milk Banks and Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2676. [PMID: 30473683 PMCID: PMC6237971 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies carried in the last years have revealed that human milk contains a site-specific microbiota and constitutes a source of potentially beneficial bacteria to the infant gut. Once in the infant gut, these bacteria contribute to the assembly of a physiological gut microbiota and may play several functions, contributing to infant metabolism, protection against infections, immunomodulation or neuromodulation. Many preterm neonates are fed with pasteurized donor’s human milk (DHM) or formula and, therefore, are devoid of contact with human milk microbes. As a consequence, new strategies are required to allow the exposition of a higher number of preterm infants to the human milk microbiota early in life. The first strategy would be to promote and to increase the use of own mother’s milk (OMM) in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). Even small quantities of OMM can be very valuable since they would be added to DHM in order to microbiologically “customize” it. When OMM is not available, a better screening of donor women, including routine cytomegalovirus (CMV) screening of milk, may help to avoid the pasteurization of the milk provided by, at least, a relevant proportion of donors. Finally, when pasteurized DHM or formula are the only feeding option, their supplementation with probiotic bacteria isolated from human milk, such as lactic acid bacteria or bifidobacteria, may be an alternative to try to restore a human milk-like microbiota before feeding the babies. In the future, the design of human milk bacterial consortia (minimal human milk microbiotas), including well characterized strains representative of a healthy human milk microbiota, may be an attractive strategy to provide a complex mix of strains specifically tailored to this target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leónides Fernández
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Ruiz
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - Josué Jara
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Orgaz
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - Juan M Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Flórez AB, Mayo B. Genome Analysis of Lactobacillus plantarum LL441 and Genetic Characterisation of the Locus for the Lantibiotic Plantaricin C. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1916. [PMID: 30174666 PMCID: PMC6107846 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized peptides produced by bacteria with antimicrobial activity. The bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) may inhibit food-borne pathogens and spoilage organisms, and therefore have potential as natural preservatives. Lactobacillus plantarum LL441 produces a lantibiotic bacteriocin known as plantaricin C, a pore-forming antimicrobial peptide containing modified amino acids that inhibits cell wall synthesis by forming a complex with the peptidoglycan precursor lipid II. The present work describes the genome sequencing of L. plantarum LL441 and the characterisation of the plantaricin C locus. The draft genome sequence of L. plantarum LL441 consisted of 170 contigs and had a total 3,124,603 bp; the GC content was 44.52%. The plantaricin C locus was found in an 18 kbp-long contig, and consisted of six genes organized in an operon-like arrangement. This locus included the bacteriocin structural gene (plnC), followed by a gene encoding a LanM-like protein thought to be involved in the maturation of plantaricin C, and four downstream genes encoding ABC-type transporter components, probably belonging to its putative immunity and export machinery. plnC encodes a precursor of the bacteriocin, i.e., a 58-amino acid peptide containing a 31-amino acid double-glycine leader peptide and a 27-amino acid core peptide. In silico analysis and hybridisation experiments placed the plantaricin C locus to be located on pLL441-1, a large plasmid of L. plantarum LL441. Joining up the gaps between the contigs by conventional PCR, sequencing of the amplicons, and sequence assemblage, allowed the complete 55.3 kbp pLL441-1 molecule to be established. A portion of pLL441-1 larger than 34 kbp, which included the plantaricin C region, was identified in a plasmid-derived contig from the L. plantarum Nizo 3893 genome. Further, the plantaricin C coding locus (about 8.7 kbp) was shown to share 91% nucleotide identity with a portion of the plasmids pPECL-6 from Pediococcus claussenii ATCC BAA-344 and pL11995-4 from Lactobacillus paracollinoides TMW 1.1995. Knowledge of the sequence of the plantaricin C coding region will help in studying its molecular components and allow their involvement in bacteriocin synthesis to be investigated, facilitating the use of the bacteriocin or its genetic elements in new biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Flórez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - Baltasar Mayo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Villaviciosa, Spain
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22
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Vieira Borba V, Sharif K, Shoenfeld Y. Breastfeeding and autoimmunity: Programing health from the beginning. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 79. [PMID: 29083070 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast milk is not only a completely adapted nutrition source for the newborn but also an impressive array of immune-active molecules that afford protection against infections and shape mucosal immune responses. Decisive imprinting events might be modulated during the first months of life with potential health long-term effects, enhancing the importance of breastfeeding as a major influence on the immune system correct development and modifying disease susceptibility. The aim of this review was to clarify the link between breastfeeding and autoimmune diseases, inquiring the related mechanisms, based on data available in the literature. Being breastfed was associated with a lower incidence of diabetes, celiac disease, multiple sclerosis and asthma, explained by the protection against early infections, anti-inflammatory properties, antigen-specific tolerance induction, and regulation of infant's microbiome. The protective role of human milk in idiopathic juvenile arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel diseases remains controversial. On the other hand, the breastfeeding mother faces a health-challenging period in life. High levels of prolactin may lead either to the development of autoimmune diseases in susceptible mothers or exacerbations of current immune-mediated disorders. These features raise the question if mothers with autoimmune diseases, mainly systemic lupus erythematosus, should avoid breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Vieira Borba
- Department 'A' of Internal Medicine, Coimbra University Hospital Centre, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Kassem Sharif
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Department 'B' of Internal Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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23
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Witkowska-Zimny M, Kaminska-El-Hassan E. Cells of human breast milk. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2017; 22:11. [PMID: 28717367 PMCID: PMC5508878 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-017-0042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human milk is a complex fluid that has developed to satisfy the nutritional requirements of infants. In addition to proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and other biologically active components, breast milk contains a diverse microbiome that is presumed to colonize the infant gastrointestinal tract and a heterogeneous population of cells with unclear physiological roles and health implications. Noteworthy cellular components of breast milk include progenitor/stem cells. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of breast milk cells, including leukocytes, epithelial cells, stem cells and potentially probiotic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Witkowska-Zimny
- Department of Biophysics and Human Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaminska-El-Hassan
- Department of Biophysics and Human Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
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24
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Chaves BD, Brashears MM, Nightingale KK. Applications and safety considerations of Lactobacillus salivarius as a probiotic in animal and human health. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 123:18-28. [PMID: 28256040 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The goals of this review are to summarize the current knowledge on the application of Lactobacillus salivarius as a probiotic in animals and humans, and to address safety concerns with its use on live hosts. Overall, several strains of L. salivarius are well established probiotics with multiple applications in animal health, particularly to reduce colonization by gastrointestinal pathogens, and to a lesser extent, as a production and quality aid. In humans, L. salivarius has been used to prevent and treat a variety of chronic diseases, including asthma, cancer, atopic dermatitis and halitosis, and to a much limited extent, to prevent or treat infections. Based on the results from primary research evidence, it seems that L. salivarius does not pose a health risk to animals or humans in the doses currently used for a variety of applications; however, there is a systematic lack of studies assuring the safety of many of the strains intended for clinical use. This review provides researchers in the field with up-to-date information regarding applications and safety of L. salivarius. Furthermore, it helps researchers identify knowledge gaps and potential opportunities for microbiological and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Chaves
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, International Center for Food Industry Excellence, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - M M Brashears
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, International Center for Food Industry Excellence, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - K K Nightingale
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, International Center for Food Industry Excellence, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
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25
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The Isolation, Identification and Analyses of Lactobacillus Genus Bacteria with Probiotic Potential. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016. [PMID: 26566644 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2015_5008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
103 strains of lactic acid bacteria of Lactobacillus genus were isolated from natural sources and identified for genus and species level with API tests and 16S rRNA sequencing. However, only 27 strains from isolated cultures demonstrated a high stability to gastric stress and from that - only 15 strains were highly resistant to intestinal stress. Results indicated that only some isolated cultures of lactobacilli possessed potential probiotical properties and could serve as new probiotics for dairy industry with high resistance to gastro-intestinal stresses.
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26
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Espinosa-Martos I, Jiménez E, de Andrés J, Rodríguez-Alcalá LM, Tavárez S, Manzano S, Fernández L, Alonso E, Fontecha J, Rodríguez JM. Milk and blood biomarkers associated to the clinical efficacy of a probiotic for the treatment of infectious mastitis. Benef Microbes 2016; 7:305-18. [PMID: 26925605 DOI: 10.3920/bm2015.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown the efficacy of oral administration of selected lactobacilli strains to treat mastitis. The objective of this study was to find microbiological, biochemical and/or immunological biomarkers of the probiotic effect. Women with (n=23) and without (n=8) symptoms of mastitis received three daily doses (10(9) cfu) of Lactobacillus salivarius PS2 for 21 days. Samples of milk, blood and urine were collected before and after the probiotic intervention, and screened for a wide spectrum of microbiological, biochemical and immunological parameters. In the mastitis group, L. salivarius PS2 intake led to a reduction in milk bacterial counts, milk and blood leukocyte counts and interleukin (IL)-8 level in milk, an increase in those of immunoglobulin (Ig)E, IgG3, epidermal growth factor and IL-7, a modification of the milk electrolyte profile, and a reduction of some oxidative stress biomarkers. Such biomarkers will be useful in future clinical studies involving a larger cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Espinosa-Martos
- 1 Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,2 Probisearch, C/Santiago Grisolía 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - E Jiménez
- 1 Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,2 Probisearch, C/Santiago Grisolía 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - J de Andrés
- 1 Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L M Rodríguez-Alcalá
- 3 Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, C/Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Tavárez
- 4 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Av. Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - S Manzano
- 2 Probisearch, C/Santiago Grisolía 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - L Fernández
- 1 Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,2 Probisearch, C/Santiago Grisolía 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - E Alonso
- 4 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Av. Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - J Fontecha
- 3 Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, C/Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Rodríguez
- 1 Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,2 Probisearch, C/Santiago Grisolía 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
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27
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Addis MF, Tanca A, Uzzau S, Oikonomou G, Bicalho RC, Moroni P. The bovine milk microbiota: insights and perspectives from -omics studies. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:2359-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00217j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent findings and future perspectives of -omics studies on the bovine milk microbiota, focusing on its impact on animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. F. Addis
- Porto Conte Ricerche
- SP 55 Porto Conte/Capo Caccia
- 07041 Alghero
- Italy
| | - A. Tanca
- Porto Conte Ricerche
- SP 55 Porto Conte/Capo Caccia
- 07041 Alghero
- Italy
| | - S. Uzzau
- Porto Conte Ricerche
- SP 55 Porto Conte/Capo Caccia
- 07041 Alghero
- Italy
- Università degli Studi di Sassari
| | - G. Oikonomou
- Epidemiology and Population Health
- Institute of Infection and Global Health
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool
- UK
| | - R. C. Bicalho
- Cornell University
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Ithaca
- USA
| | - P. Moroni
- Cornell University
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Ithaca
- USA
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28
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Jost T, Lacroix C, Braegger C, Chassard C. Impact of human milk bacteria and oligosaccharides on neonatal gut microbiota establishment and gut health. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:426-37. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuu016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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29
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Cárdenas N, Laiño JE, Delgado S, Jiménez E, Juárez del Valle M, Savoy de Giori G, Sesma F, Mayo B, Fernández L, LeBlanc JG, Rodríguez JM. Relationships between the genome and some phenotypical properties of Lactobacillus fermentum CECT 5716, a probiotic strain isolated from human milk. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:4343-53. [PMID: 25661998 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6429-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus fermentum CECT 5716, isolated from human milk, has immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-infectious properties, as revealed by several in vitro and in vivo assays, which suggests a strong potential as a probiotic strain. In this work, some phenotypic properties of L. fermentum CECT 5716 were evaluated, and the genetic basis for the obtained results was searched for in the strain genome. L. fermentum CECT 5716 does not contain plasmids and showed neither bacteriocin nor biogenic amine biosynthesis ability but was able to produce organic acids, glutathione, riboflavin, and folates and to moderately stimulate the maturation of mouse dendritic cells. No prophages could be induced, and the strain was sensitive to all antibiotics proposed by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) standards, while no transmissible genes potentially involved in antibiotic resistance were detected in its genome. Globally, there was an agreement between the phenotype properties of L. fermentum CECT 5716 and the genetic information contained in its genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivia Cárdenas
- Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Avda. Puerta de Hierro, s/n., 28040, Madrid, Spain
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30
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Fernández L, Arroyo R, Espinosa I, Marín M, Jiménez E, Rodríguez JM. Probiotics for human lactational mastitis. Benef Microbes 2014; 5:169-83. [PMID: 24463206 DOI: 10.3920/bm2013.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of culture-dependent and -independent techniques to study the human milk microbiota and microbiome has revealed a complex ecosystem with a much greater diversity than previously anticipated. The potential role of the milk microbiome appears to have implications not only for short- and long-term infant health but also for mammary health. In fact, mammary disbiosis, which may be triggered by a variety of host, microbial and medical factors, often leads to acute, subacute or subclinical mastitis, a condition that represents the first medical cause for undesired weaning. Multiresistance to antibiotics, together with formation of biofilms and mechanisms for evasion of the host immune response, is a common feature among the bacterial agents involved. This explains why this condition uses to be elusive to antibiotic therapy and why the development of new strategies for mastitis management based on probiotics is particularly appealing. In fact, selected lactobacilli strains isolated from breast milk have already shown a high efficacy for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fernández
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain Probisearch SL, C/ Santiago Grisolía 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - R Arroyo
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Espinosa
- Probisearch SL, C/ Santiago Grisolía 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - M Marín
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Jiménez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain Probisearch SL, C/ Santiago Grisolía 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
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31
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Rodríguez JM. The origin of human milk bacteria: is there a bacterial entero-mammary pathway during late pregnancy and lactation? Adv Nutr 2014; 5:779-84. [PMID: 25398740 PMCID: PMC4224214 DOI: 10.3945/an.114.007229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human milk is a source of bacteria to the infant gut; however, the origin of milk bacteria, as well as their impact on neonatal gut microbiota establishment, remains largely unknown. In the past years, results provided by different research groups suggest that certain bacteria from the maternal gastrointestinal tract could translocate through a mechanism involving mononuclear immune cells, migrate to the mammary glands via an endogenous cellular route (the bacterial entero-mammary pathway), and subsequently colonize the gastrointestinal tract of the breast-fed neonate. If such findings are confirmed in the future, we could exert a positive influence on infant health by modulating the maternal gut microbiota.
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32
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Reid G, Brigidi P, Burton JP, Contractor N, Duncan S, Fargier E, Hill C, Lebeer S, Martín R, McBain AJ, Mor G, O'Neill C, Rodríguez JM, Swann J, van Hemert S, Ansell J. Microbes central to human reproduction. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 73:1-11. [PMID: 25250861 PMCID: PMC4282787 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As studies uncover the breadth of microbes associated with human life, opportunities will emerge to manipulate and augment their functions in ways that improve health and longevity. From involvement in the complexities of reproduction and fetal/infant development, to delaying the onset of disease, and indeed countering many maladies, microbes offer hope for human well-being. Evidence is emerging to suggest that microbes may play a beneficial role in body sites traditionally viewed as being sterile. Although further evidence is required, we propose that much of medical dogma is about to change significantly through recognition and understanding of these hitherto unrecognized microbe–host interactions. A meeting of the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics held in Aberdeen, Scotland (June 2014), presented new views and challenged established concepts on the role of microbes in reproduction and health of the mother and infant. This article summarizes some of the main aspects of these discussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Reid
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada; Departments of Microbiology & Immunology and Surgery, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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33
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Development of a potential probiotic fresh cheese using two Lactobacillus salivarius strains isolated from human milk. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:801918. [PMID: 24971351 PMCID: PMC4058156 DOI: 10.1155/2014/801918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cheeses have been proposed as a good alternative to other fermented milk products for the delivery of probiotic bacteria to the consumer. The objective of this study was to assess the survival of two Lactobacillus salivarius strains (CECT5713 and PS2) isolated from human milk during production and storage of fresh cheese for 28 days at 4°C. The effect of such strains on the volatile compounds profile, texture, and other sensorial properties, including an overall consumer acceptance, was also investigated. Both L. salivarius strains remained viable in the cheeses throughout the storage period and a significant reduction in their viable counts was only observed after 21 days. Globally, the addition of the L. salivarius strains did not change significantly neither the chemical composition of the cheese nor texture parameters after the storage period, although cheeses manufactured with L. salivarius CECT5713 presented significantly higher values of hardness. A total of 59 volatile compounds were identified in the headspace of experimental cheeses, and some L. salivarius-associated differences could be identified. All cheeses presented good results of acceptance after the sensory evaluation. Consequently, our results indicated that fresh cheese can be a good vehicle for the two L. salivarius strains analyzed in this study.
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34
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Radšel A, Andlovic A, Neubauer D, Osredkar D. Infant botulism: first two confirmed cases in Slovenia and literature review. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2013; 17:651-6. [PMID: 23707631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In Europe, infant botulism is a rare but probably under-diagnosed disease. With the intent to spread the awareness of this potentially life-threatening disease, we present a review of the literature with the emphasis on European epidemiology and a practical approach to diagnosis. We also report the first two confirmed cases of infant botulism in Slovenia and describe our way to the final diagnosis in a clinical setting where all appropriate diagnostic tests and treatment options are not readily available. The second case is particularly interesting, presenting with profound diarrhea following initial constipation, an unlikely symptom for an infant with botulism and possibly caused by Bacteroides fragilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Radšel
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia
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35
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Diaz MA, Bik EM, Carlin KP, Venn-Watson SK, Jensen ED, Jones SE, Gaston EP, Relman DA, Versalovic J. Identification of Lactobacillus strains with probiotic features from the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). J Appl Microbiol 2013; 115:1037-51. [PMID: 23855505 PMCID: PMC4063339 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Aims In order to develop complementary health management strategies for marine mammals, we used culture-based and culture-independent approaches to identify gastrointestinal lactobacilli of the common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus. Methods and Results We screened 307 bacterial isolates from oral and rectal swabs, milk and gastric fluid, collected from 38 dolphins in the U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program, for potentially beneficial features. We focused our search on lactobacilli and evaluated their ability to modulate TNF secretion by host cells and inhibit growth of pathogens. We recovered Lactobacillus salivarius strains which secreted factors that stimulated TNF production by human monocytoid cells. These Lact. salivarius isolates inhibited growth of selected marine mammal and human bacterial pathogens. In addition, we identified a novel Lactobacillus species by culture and direct sequencing with 96·3% 16S rDNA sequence similarity to Lactobacillus ceti. Conclusions Dolphin-derived Lact. salivarius isolates possess features making them candidate probiotics for clinical studies in marine mammals. Significance and Impact of the Study This is the first study to isolate lactobacilli from dolphins, including a novel Lactobacillus species and a new strain of Lact. salivarius, with potential for veterinary probiotic applications. The isolation and identification of novel Lactobacillus spp. and other indigenous microbes from bottlenose dolphins will enable the study of the biology of symbiotic members of the dolphin microbiota and facilitate the understanding of the microbiomes of these unique animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Diaz
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Complete genome sequence of Streptococcus salivarius PS4, a strain isolated from human milk. J Bacteriol 2012; 194:4466-7. [PMID: 22843595 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00896-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus salivarius is a commensal species commonly found in the human oropharyngeal tract. Some strains of this species have been developed for use as oral probiotics, while others have been associated with a variety of opportunistic human infections. Here, we report the complete sequence of strain PS4, which was isolated from breast milk of a healthy woman.
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The human milk microbiota: origin and potential roles in health and disease. Pharmacol Res 2012; 69:1-10. [PMID: 22974824 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 501] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Human milk has been traditionally considered sterile; however, recent studies have shown that it represents a continuous supply of commensal, mutualistic and/or potentially probiotic bacteria to the infant gut. Culture-dependent and -independent techniques have revealed the dominance of staphylococci, streptococci, lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in this biological fluid, and their role on the colonization of the infant gut. These bacteria could protect the infant against infections and contribute to the maturation of the immune system, among other functions. Different studies suggest that some bacteria present in the maternal gut could reach the mammary gland during late pregnancy and lactation through a mechanism involving gut monocytes. Thus, modulation of maternal gut microbiota during pregnancy and lactation could have a direct effect on infant health. On the other hand, mammary dysbiosis may lead to mastitis, a condition that represents the first medical cause for undesired weaning. Selected strains isolated from breast milk can be good candidates for use as probiotics. In this review, their potential uses for the treatment of mastitis and to inhibit mother-to-infant transfer of HIV are discussed.
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Fasseas MK, Fasseas C, Mountzouris KC, Syntichaki P. Effects of Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Pediococcus acidilactici on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans include possible antitumor activity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 97:2109-18. [PMID: 22923095 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4357-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of three lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Pediococcus acidilactici were found to inhibit the development and growth of the worm. Compared to Escherichia coli used as the control, L. reuteri and P. acidilactici reduced the lifespan of wild-type and short-lived daf-16 worms. On the contrary, L. salivarius extended the lifespan of daf-16 worms when used live, but reduced it as UV-killed bacteria. The three LAB induced the expression of genes involved in pathogen response and inhibited the growth of tumor-like germ cells, without affecting DAF16 localization or increasing corpse cells. Our results suggest the possible use of C. elegans as a model for studying the antitumor attributes of LAB. The negative effects of these LAB strains on the nematode also indicate their potential use against parasitic nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Fasseas
- Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou, 11527 Athens, Greece.
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