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Holohan BC, Duarte MS, Szabo-Corbacho MA, Cavaleiro AJ, Salvador AF, Pereira MA, Ziels RM, Frijters CTMJ, Pacheco-Ruiz S, Carballa M, Sousa DZ, Stams AJM, O'Flaherty V, van Lier JB, Alves MM. Principles, Advances, and Perspectives of Anaerobic Digestion of Lipids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:4749-4775. [PMID: 35357187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Several problems associated with the presence of lipids in wastewater treatment plants are usually overcome by removing them ahead of the biological treatment. However, because of their high energy content, waste lipids are interesting yet challenging pollutants in anaerobic wastewater treatment and codigestion processes. The maximal amount of waste lipids that can be sustainably accommodated, and effectively converted to methane in anaerobic reactors, is limited by several problems including adsorption, sludge flotation, washout, and inhibition. These difficulties can be circumvented by appropriate feeding, mixing, and solids separation strategies, provided by suitable reactor technology and operation. In recent years, membrane bioreactors and flotation-based bioreactors have been developed to treat lipid-rich wastewater. In parallel, the increasing knowledge on the diversity of complex microbial communities in anaerobic sludge, and on interspecies microbial interactions, contributed to extend the knowledge and to understand more precisely the limits and constraints influencing the anaerobic biodegradation of lipids in anaerobic reactors. This critical review discusses the most important principles underpinning the degradation process and recent key discoveries and outlines the current knowledge coupling fundamental and applied aspects. A critical assessment of knowledge gaps in the field is also presented by integrating sectorial perspectives of academic researchers and of prominent developers of anaerobic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Conall Holohan
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
- NVP Energy Ltd., IDA Technology and Business Park, Mervue, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - M Salomé Duarte
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - M Alejandra Szabo-Corbacho
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611 AX Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ana J Cavaleiro
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Andreia F Salvador
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - M Alcina Pereira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ryan M Ziels
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z 4, Canada
| | | | - Santiago Pacheco-Ruiz
- Biothane, Veolia Water Technologies, Tanthofdreef 21, 2623 EW Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Carballa
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Diana Z Sousa
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alfons J M Stams
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent O'Flaherty
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Jules B van Lier
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611 AX Delft, The Netherlands
- Section Sanitary Engineering, CEG Faculty, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - M Madalena Alves
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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2
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Alves JI, Salvador AF, Castro AR, Zheng Y, Nijsse B, Atashgahi S, Sousa DZ, Stams AJM, Alves MM, Cavaleiro AJ. Long-Chain Fatty Acids Degradation by Desulfomonile Species and Proposal of " Candidatus Desulfomonile Palmitatoxidans". Front Microbiol 2021; 11:539604. [PMID: 33391191 PMCID: PMC7773648 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.539604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities with the ability to convert long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) coupled to sulfate reduction can be important in the removal of these compounds from wastewater. In this work, an enrichment culture, able to oxidize the long-chain fatty acid palmitate (C16 : 0) coupled to sulfate reduction, was obtained from anaerobic granular sludge. Microscopic analysis of this culture, designated HP culture, revealed that it was mainly composed of one morphotype with a typical collar-like cell wall invagination, a distinct morphological feature of the Desulfomonile genus. 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) indeed confirmed that the abundant phylotype in HP culture belong to Desulfomonile genus [ca. 92% 16S rRNA gene sequences closely related to Desulfomonile spp.; and ca. 82% whole genome shotgun (WGS)]. Based on similar cell morphology and average nucleotide identity (ANI) (77%) between the Desulfomonile sp. in HP culture and the type strain Desulfomonile tiedjei strain DCB-1T, we propose a novel species designated as "Candidatus Desulfomonile palmitatoxidans." This bacterium shares 94.3 and 93.6% 16S rRNA gene identity with Desulfomonile limimaris strain DCB-MT and D. tiedjei strain DCB-1T, respectively. Based on sequence abundance of Desulfomonile-morphotype in HP culture, its predominance in the microscopic observations, and presence of several genes coding for enzymes involved in LCFA degradation, the proposed species "Ca. Desulfomonile palmitatoxidans" most probably plays an important role in palmitate degradation in HP culture. Analysis of the growth of HP culture and D. tiedjei strain DCB-1T with short- (butyrate), medium- (caprylate) and long-chain fatty acids (palmitate, stearate, and oleate) showed that both cultures degraded all fatty acids coupled to sulfate reduction, except oleate that was only utilized by HP culture. In the absence of sulfate, neither HP culture, nor D. tiedjei strain DCB-1T degraded palmitate when incubated with Methanobacterium formicicum as a possible methanogenic syntrophic partner. Unlike D. tiedjei strain DCB-1T, "Ca. Desulfomonile palmitatoxidans" lacks reductive dehalogenase genes in its genome, and HP culture was not able to grow by organohalide respiration. An emended description of the genus Desulfomonile is proposed. Our study reveals an unrecognized LCFA degradation feature of the Desulfomonile genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana I Alves
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | | | - A Rita Castro
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ying Zheng
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Bart Nijsse
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Siavash Atashgahi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Diana Z Sousa
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Alfons J M Stams
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - M Madalena Alves
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana J Cavaleiro
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Ho TL, Nguyen TTC, Vu DC, Nguyen NY, Nguyen TTT, Phong TNH, Nguyen CT, Lin CH, Lei Z, Sumner LW, Le VV. Allelopathic Potential of Rice and Identification of Published Allelochemicals by Cloud-Based Metabolomics Platform. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10060244. [PMID: 32549240 PMCID: PMC7344986 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The methanol extracts of nine popular cultivated Vietnamese rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.cv. OM 2395, 5451, 6976, 380, 5930, 4498, 3536, N406, and 7347) were used to explore their allelopathic potential on barnyardgrass (Echinochola crus-galli L.). At 0.1 g mL-1, OM 5930, OM 4498, and OM 6976 correlatively possessed greatest phytotoxicity on barnyardgrass shoot (98.77%, 90.75%, and 87.17%) and root (99.39%, 92.83%, and 86.56%) growth. The following study aimed to detect previously-known allelochemicals in those rice using XCMS online cloud-based metabolomics platform. Twenty allelochemicals were semi-quantified and seven of them were detected predominantly and five was putatively confirmed in OM 5930 (mg/ 100g fresh rice) as salicylic acid (5.0076), vanillic acid (0.1246), p-coumaric acid (0.1590), 2,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid (0.1045), and cinnamic acid (3.3230). These compounds were active at concentrations greater than 0.5 mM and the average EC50 were 1.24 mM. The results indicated that OM 5930 may use as promising candidates in weed biological control for rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi L. Ho
- Cuu Long Delta Rice Research Institute, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (T.N.H.P.); (C.T.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +84-944-376-329
| | - Tu T. C. Nguyen
- College of Agriculture and Applied Biosciences—Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (T.T.C.N.); (V.V.L.)
| | - Danh C. Vu
- Faculty of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam;
| | - Nhu Y. Nguyen
- Center for Agroforestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (N.Y.N.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Trang T. T. Nguyen
- Cultivation and Plant Protection Station. Thoi Lai District, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam;
| | - Trieu N. H. Phong
- Cuu Long Delta Rice Research Institute, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (T.N.H.P.); (C.T.N.)
| | - Cuong T. Nguyen
- Cuu Long Delta Rice Research Institute, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (T.N.H.P.); (C.T.N.)
| | - Chung-Ho Lin
- Center for Agroforestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (N.Y.N.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Zhentian Lei
- Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (Z.L.); (L.W.S.)
| | - Lloyd W. Sumner
- Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (Z.L.); (L.W.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Vang V. Le
- College of Agriculture and Applied Biosciences—Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (T.T.C.N.); (V.V.L.)
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Obata O, Ditchfield A, Hatton A, Akunna J. Investigating the impact of inoculum source on anaerobic digestion of various species of marine macroalgae. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Singh S, Rinta-Kanto JM, Kettunen R, Tolvanen H, Lens P, Collins G, Kokko M, Rintala J. Anaerobic treatment of LCFA-containing synthetic dairy wastewater at 20 °C: Process performance and microbial community dynamics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 691:960-968. [PMID: 31326818 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Facilitating anaerobic degradation of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) is key for tapping the high methane production potential of the fats, oil and grease (FOG) content of dairy wastewaters. In this study, the feasibility of using high-rate granular sludge reactors for the treatment of mixed LCFA-containing synthetic dairy wastewater (SDW) was assessed at 20 °C. The effects of the LCFA concentration (33-45% of COD) and organic loading rates (2-3 gCOD/L·d) were determined using three parallel expanded granular sludge bed reactors. For the first time, long term anaerobic treatment of LCFA-containing feed at 20 °C was shown to be feasible and was linked to the microbial community dynamics in high-rate reactors. During a two-month operation, a soluble COD removal of 84-91% and COD to methane conversion of 44-51% was obtained. However, granular sludge flotation and washout occurred after two months in all reactors without volatile fatty acids (VFA) accumulation, emphasizing the need for sludge retention for long-term granular sludge reactor operation with LCFA-containing feed at low ambient temperatures. The temporal shifts in microbial community structure were studied in the high-rate treatment of SDW, and the process disturbances (elevated LCFA loading, LCFA accumulation, and batch operation) were found to decrease the microbial community diversity. The relative abundance of Methanosaeta increased with higher LCFA accumulation in the settled and flotation layer granules in the three reactors, therefore, acetoclastic methanogenesis was found to be crucial for the high-rate treatment of SDW at 20 °C. This study provides an initial understanding of the continuous anaerobic treatment of LCFA-containing industrial wastewaters at low ambient temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suniti Singh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | | | - Riitta Kettunen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Tampere Water, Viinikankatu 42 A, 33800 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Henrik Tolvanen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Piet Lens
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Gavin Collins
- Microbial Ecophysiology Laboratory, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Marika Kokko
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
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Xiao Y, Yaohari H, Zhou Z, Sze CC, Stuckey DC. Autoinducer-2-mediated quorum sensing partially regulates the toxic shock response of anaerobic digestion. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 158:94-105. [PMID: 31022531 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study discovered a strong correlation between the autoinducer-2 (AI-2)-mediated quorum sensing (QS) with the performance of a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor during its recovery from a pentachlorophenol (PCP) shock: a decrease in AI-2 levels coincided with a reduction in volatile fatty acid concentrations, and corresponded significantly to a decrease in the relative abundance of Firmicutes, and to an increase in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Synergistetes. Further batch experiments with the addition of an AI-2-regulating Escherichia coli mutant culture showed that a reduction in AI-2 levels resulted in the highest biogas production rate during a PCP shock. In contrast, an increase in AI-2 levels via addition of the E. coli wild type strain or an AI-2 precursor showed no obvious effects on biogas production. These results suggest that the AI-2 level in anaerobic sludge was governed primarily by Firmicutes, and the AI-2-mediated QS partially regulates the toxic shock response of anaerobic sludge via tuning the activities of Firmicutes and Synergistetes. A decrease in the AI-2 level might reduce acetogenesis and favor hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, thus resulting in less VFA accumulation and higher methane production during the PCP shock. This study is the first of this type that exploits the role of quorum sensing in the toxic shock response of anaerobic sludge; it demonstrates a novel approach to shortening the recovery period of anaerobic processes via manipulating the AI-2-mediated QS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeyuan Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, 515063, China; Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre (AEBC), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Centre (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Hazarki Yaohari
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre (AEBC), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Centre (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Zhongbo Zhou
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre (AEBC), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Centre (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Chun Chau Sze
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre (AEBC), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Centre (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore
| | - David C Stuckey
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre (AEBC), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Centre (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore; Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Mehariya S, Patel AK, Obulisamy PK, Punniyakotti E, Wong JWC. Co-digestion of food waste and sewage sludge for methane production: Current status and perspective. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 265:519-531. [PMID: 29861300 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Food waste (FW) is a valuable resource which requires sustainable management avenues to reduce the hazardous environmental impacts and add-value for better economy. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is still reliable, cost-effective technology for waste management. Conventional AD was originally designed for sewer sludge digestion, is not effective for FW due to mainly high organics and volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation, hence better technical aptitudes and biochemical inputs are required for optimal biogas production. Besides, to overcome these challenges, FW co-digestion with complementary organic waste e.g. sewage sludge (SS) mixed which complement each other for better process design. The main aim of this article is to summarize the recent updates and review different holistic approaches for efficient anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) of FW and SS to provide a comprehensive review on the topic. Moreover, to demonstrate the status and perspectives of AcoD at present scenario for Hong Kong and rest of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeet Mehariya
- Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Parthiba Karthikeyan Obulisamy
- Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Elumalai Punniyakotti
- Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Jonathan W C Wong
- Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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8
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New concepts in anaerobic digestion processes: recent advances and biological aspects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:5065-5076. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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9
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Ziels RM, Karlsson A, Beck DAC, Ejlertsson J, Yekta SS, Bjorn A, Stensel HD, Svensson BH. Microbial community adaptation influences long-chain fatty acid conversion during anaerobic codigestion of fats, oils, and grease with municipal sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 103:372-382. [PMID: 27486949 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Codigesting fats, oils, and greases with municipal wastewater sludge can greatly improve biomethane recovery at wastewater treatment facilities. Process loading rates of fats, oils, and greases have been previously tested with little knowledge of the digester microbial community structure, and high transient fat loadings have led to long chain fatty acid (LCFA) accumulation and digester upsets. This study utilized recently-developed quantitative PCR assays for syntrophic LCFA-degrading bacteria along with 16S amplicon sequencing to relate changes in microbial community structure to LCFA accumulation during transient loading increases to an anaerobic codigester receiving waste restaurant oil and municipal wastewater sludge. The 16S rRNA gene concentration of the syntrophic β-oxidizing genus Syntrophomonas increased to ∼15% of the Bacteria community in the codigester, but stayed below 3% in the control digester that was fed only wastewater sludge. Methanosaeta and Methanospirillum were the dominant methanogenic genera enriched in the codigester, and together comprised over 80% of the Archaea community by the end of the experimental period. Constrained ordination showed that changes in the codigester Bacteria and Archaea community structures were related to measures of digester performance. Notably, the effluent LCFA concentration in the codigester was positively correlated to the specific loading rate of waste oil normalized to the Syntrophomonas 16S rRNA concentration. Specific loading rates of 0-1.5 × 10(-12) g VS oil/16S gene copies-day resulted in LCFA concentrations below 30 mg/g TS, whereas LCFA accumulated up to 104 mg/g TS at higher transient loading rates. Based on the community-dependent loading limitations found, enhanced biomethane production from high loadings of fats, oils and greases can be achieved by promoting a higher biomass of slow-growing syntrophic consortia, such as with longer digester solids retention times. This work also demonstrates the potential for controlling the loading rate of fats, oils, and greases based on the analysis of the codigester community structure, such as with quantitative PCR measurements of syntrophic LCFA-degrading bacteria abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Ziels
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, WA, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Sepehr Shakeri Yekta
- Department of Thematic Studies - Environmental Change, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Annika Bjorn
- Department of Thematic Studies - Environmental Change, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - H David Stensel
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, WA, USA
| | - Bo H Svensson
- Department of Thematic Studies - Environmental Change, Linköping University, Sweden.
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10
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Silva SA, Salvador AF, Cavaleiro AJ, Pereira MA, Stams AJM, Alves MM, Sousa DZ. Toxicity of long chain fatty acids towards acetate conversion by Methanosaeta concilii and Methanosarcina mazei. Microb Biotechnol 2016; 9:514-8. [PMID: 27273786 PMCID: PMC4919993 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Long‐chain fatty acids (LCFA) can inhibit methane production by methanogenic archaea. The effect of oleate and palmitate on pure cultures of Methanosaeta concilii and Methanosarcina mazei was assessed by comparing methane production rates from acetate before and after LCFA addition. For both methanogens, a sharp decrease in methane production (> 50%) was observed at 0.5 mmol L−1 oleate, and no methane was formed at concentrations higher than 2 mmol L−1 oleate. Palmitate was less inhibitory than oleate, and M. concilii was more tolerant to palmitate than M. mazei, with 2 mmol L−1 palmitate causing 11% and 64% methanogenic inhibition respectively. This study indicates that M. concilii and M. mazei tolerate LCFA concentrations similar to those previously described for hydrogenotrophic methanogens. In particular, the robustness of M. concilii might contribute to the observed prevalence of Methanosaeta species in anaerobic bioreactors used to treat LCFA‐rich wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio A Silva
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Ana J Cavaleiro
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - M Alcina Pereira
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Alfons J M Stams
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Madalena Alves
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Diana Z Sousa
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Cavaleiro AJ, Pereira MA, Guedes AP, Stams AJM, Alves MM, Sousa DZ. Conversion of Cn-Unsaturated into Cn-2-Saturated LCFA Can Occur Uncoupled from Methanogenesis in Anaerobic Bioreactors. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:3082-3090. [PMID: 26810160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Fat, oils, and grease present in complex wastewater can be readily converted to methane, but the energy potential of these compounds is not always recyclable, due to incomplete degradation of long chain fatty acids (LCFA) released during lipids hydrolysis. Oleate (C18:1) is generally the dominant LCFA in lipid-containing wastewater, and its conversion in anaerobic bioreactors results in palmitate (C16:0) accumulation. The reason why oleate is continuously converted to palmitate without further degradation via β-oxidation is still unknown. In this work, the influence of methanogenic activity in the initial conversion steps of unsaturated LCFA was studied in 10 bioreactors continuously operated with saturated or unsaturated C16- and C18-LCFA, in the presence or absence of the methanogenic inhibitor bromoethanesulfonate (BrES). Saturated Cn-2-LCFA accumulated both in the presence and absence of BrES during the degradation of unsaturated Cn-LCFA, and represented more than 50% of total LCFA. In the presence of BrES further conversion of saturated intermediates did not proceed, not even when prolonged batch incubation was applied. As the initial steps of unsaturated LCFA degradation proceed uncoupled from methanogenesis, accumulation of saturated LCFA can be expected. Analysis of the active microbial communities suggests a role for facultative anaerobic bacteria in the initial steps of unsaturated LCFA biodegradation. Understanding this role is now imperative to optimize methane production from LCFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana J Cavaleiro
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria Alcina Pereira
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana P Guedes
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Alfons J M Stams
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University , Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Madalena Alves
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Diana Z Sousa
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University , Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Ziels RM, Beck DAC, Martí M, Gough HL, Stensel HD, Svensson BH. Monitoring the dynamics of syntrophic β-oxidizing bacteria during anaerobic degradation of oleic acid by quantitative PCR. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2015; 91:fiv028. [PMID: 25873606 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiv028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ecophysiology of long-chain fatty acid-degrading syntrophic β-oxidizing bacteria has been poorly understood due to a lack of quantitative abundance data. Here, TaqMan quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays targeting the 16S rRNA gene of the known mesophilic syntrophic β-oxidizing bacterial genera Syntrophomonas and Syntrophus were developed and validated. Microbial community dynamics were followed using qPCR and Illumina-based high-throughput amplicon sequencing in triplicate methanogenic bioreactors subjected to five consecutive batch feedings of oleic acid. With repeated oleic acid feeding, the initial specific methane production rate significantly increased along with the relative abundances of Syntrophomonas and methanogenic archaea in the bioreactor communities. The novel qPCR assays showed that Syntrophomonas increased from 7 to 31% of the bacterial community 16S rRNA gene concentration, whereas that of Syntrophus decreased from 0.02 to less than 0.005%. High-throughput amplicon sequencing also revealed that Syntrophomonas became the dominant genus within the bioreactor microbiomes. These results suggest that increased specific mineralization rates of oleic acid were attributed to quantitative shifts within the microbial communities toward higher abundances of syntrophic β-oxidizing bacteria and methanogenic archaea. The novel qPCR assays targeting syntrophic β-oxidizing bacteria may thus serve as monitoring tools to indicate the fatty acid β-oxidization potential of anaerobic digester communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Ziels
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David A C Beck
- eScience Institute, University of Washington, Box 355014, Seattle, WA 98195, USA Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Box 355014, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Magalí Martí
- Department of Thematic Studies-Environmental Change, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Heidi L Gough
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - H David Stensel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Bo H Svensson
- Department of Thematic Studies-Environmental Change, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
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Fröschle B, Heiermann M, Lebuhn M, Messelhäusser U, Plöchl M. Hygiene and Sanitation in Biogas Plants. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 151:63-99. [PMID: 26337844 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-21993-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The increasing number of agricultural biogas plants and higher amounts of digestate spread on agricultural land arouse a considerable interest in the hygiene situation of digested products. This chapter reviews the current knowledge on sanitation during anaerobic digestion and the hygienic status of digestate concerning a multitude of pathogens potentially compromising the health of humans, animals and plants. Physical, chemical and biological parameters influencing the efficiency of sanitation in anaerobic digestion are considered. The degree of germ reduction depends particularly on the resistance of the pathogen of concern, the processing conditions, the feedstock composition and the diligence of the operation management. Most scientific studies facing sanitation in biogas plants have provided data ascertaining reduction of pathogens by the biogas process. Some pathogens, however, are able to persist virtually unaffected due to the ability to build resistant permanent forms. As compared to the feedstock, the sanitary status of the digestate is thus improved or in the worst case, the sanitary quality remains almost unchanged. According to this, the spreading of digestate on agricultural area in accordance to current rules and best practice recommendations is considered to impose no additional risk for the health of humans, animals and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Fröschle
- Department for Quality Assurance and Analytics, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Lange Point 6, 85354, Freising, Germany,
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Sousa DZ, Salvador AF, Ramos J, Guedes AP, Barbosa S, Stams AJM, Alves MM, Pereira MA. Activity and viability of methanogens in anaerobic digestion of unsaturated and saturated long-chain fatty acids. Appl Environ Microbiol 2013; 79:4239-45. [PMID: 23645196 PMCID: PMC3697517 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00035-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids can be anaerobically digested to methane, but methanogens are often considered to be highly sensitive to the long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) deriving from lipids hydrolysis. In this study, the effect of unsaturated (oleate [C18:1]) and saturated (stearate [C18:0] and palmitate [C16:0]) LCFA toward methanogenic archaea was studied in batch enrichments and in pure cultures. Overall, oleate had a more stringent effect on methanogens than saturated LCFA, and the degree of tolerance to LCFA was different among distinct species of methanogens. Methanobacterium formicicum was able to grow in both oleate- and palmitate-degrading enrichments (OM and PM cultures, respectively), whereas Methanospirillum hungatei only survived in a PM culture. The two acetoclastic methanogens tested, Methanosarcina mazei and Methanosaeta concilii, could be detected in both enrichment cultures, with better survival in PM cultures than in OM cultures. Viability tests using live/dead staining further confirmed that exponential growth-phase cultures of M. hungatei are more sensitive to oleate than are M. formicicum cultures; exposure to 0.5 mM oleate damaged 99% ± 1% of the cell membranes of M. hungatei and 53% ± 10% of the cell membranes of M. formicicum. In terms of methanogenic activity, M. hungatei was inhibited for 50% by 0.3, 0.4, and 1 mM oleate, stearate, and palmitate, respectively. M. formicicum was more resilient, since 1 mM oleate and >4 mM stearate or palmitate was needed to cause 50% inhibition on methanogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Z. Sousa
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Andreia F. Salvador
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Juliana Ramos
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana P. Guedes
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Sónia Barbosa
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Alfons J. M. Stams
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - M. Madalena Alves
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - M. Alcina Pereira
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
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