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Selänne L, Haijanen J, Sippola S, Hurme S, Rautio T, Nordström P, Rantanen T, Pinta T, Ilves I, Mattila A, Rintala J, Marttila H, Meriläinen S, Laukkarinen J, Sävelä EL, Paajanen H, Grönroos J, Salminen P. Three-Year Outcomes of Oral Antibiotics vs Intravenous and Oral Antibiotics for Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis: A Secondary Analysis of the APPAC II Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Surg 2024:2817651. [PMID: 38630471 PMCID: PMC11024776 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2023.5947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Importance Current short-term evidence has shown that uncomplicated acute appendicitis can be treated successfully with oral antibiotics alone, but longer-term results are lacking. Objective To assess the treatment effectiveness of oral antibiotic monotherapy compared with combined intravenous (IV) and oral antibiotics in computed tomography-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis at a longer-term follow-up. Design, Setting, and Participants This secondary analysis of a predefined year 3 follow-up of the Appendicitis Acuta II (APPAC II) noninferiority, multicenter randomized clinical trial compared oral moxifloxacin with combined IV ertapenem plus oral levofloxacin and metronidazole for the treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis. The trial was conducted at 9 university and central hospitals in Finland from April 2017 to November 2018, with the last follow-up in November 2022. Participants included patients aged 18 to 60 years, who were randomized to receive either oral antibiotics monotherapy (n = 301) or combined IV and oral antibiotics (n = 298). Interventions Antibiotics monotherapy consisted of oral moxifloxacin, 400 mg/d, for 7 days. Combined IV and oral antibiotics consisted of IV ertapenem sodium, 1 g/d, for 2 days plus oral levofloxacin, 500 mg/d, and metronidazole, 500 mg 3 times/d, for 5 days. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end point was treatment success, defined as the resolution of acute appendicitis and discharge from hospital without the need for surgical intervention and no appendicitis recurrence at the year 3 follow-up evaluated using a noninferiority design. The secondary end points included late (after 1 year) appendicitis recurrence as well as treatment-related adverse events, quality of life, length of hospital stay, and length of sick leave, which were evaluated using a superiority design. Results After exclusions, 599 patients (mean [SD] age, 36 [12] years; 336 males [56.1%]) were randomized; after withdrawal and loss to follow-up, 582 patients (99.8%) were available for the year 3 follow-up. The treatment success at year 3 was 63.4% (1-sided 95% CI, 58.8% to ∞) in the oral antibiotic monotherapy group and 65.2% (1-sided 95% CI, 60.5% to ∞) in the combined IV and oral antibiotics group. The difference in treatment success rate between the groups at year 3 was -1.8 percentage points (1-sided 95% CI, -8.3 percentage points to ∞; P = .14 for noninferiority), with the CI limit exceeding the noninferiority margin. There were no significant differences between groups in treatment-related adverse events, quality of life, length of hospital stay, or length of sick leave. Conclusions and Relevance This secondary analysis of the APPAC II trial found a slightly higher appendectomy rate in patients who received oral antibiotic monotherapy; however, noninferiority of oral antibiotic monotherapy compared with combined IV and oral antibiotics could not be demonstrated. The results encourage future studies to assess oral antibiotic monotherapy as a viable treatment alternative for uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03236961.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liisa Selänne
- Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jussi Haijanen
- Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Suvi Sippola
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saija Hurme
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tero Rautio
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pia Nordström
- Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tuomo Rantanen
- Department of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarja Pinta
- Department of Surgery, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Imre Ilves
- Department of Surgery, Mikkeli Central Hospital, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Anne Mattila
- Wellbeing Services County of Central Finland, Hospital Nova of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Surgery, Rovaniemi Central Hospital, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Harri Marttila
- Department of Hospital Hygiene and Infection Control, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Sanna Meriläinen
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Laukkarinen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Hannu Paajanen
- Department of Surgery, Mikkeli Central Hospital, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Juha Grönroos
- Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Paulina Salminen
- Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Surgery, Satakunta Central Hospital, Pori, Finland
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Mirnezami AH, Drami I, Glyn T, Sutton PA, Tiernan J, Behrenbruch C, Guerra G, Waters PS, Woodward N, Applin S, Charles SJ, Rose SA, Denys A, Pape E, van Ramshorst GH, Baker D, Bignall E, Blair I, Davis P, Edwards T, Jackson K, Leendertse PG, Love-Mott E, MacKenzie L, Martens F, Meredith D, Nettleton SE, Trotman MP, van Hecke JJM, Weemaes AMJ, Abecasis N, Angenete E, Aziz O, Bacalbasa N, Barton D, Baseckas G, Beggs A, Brown K, Buchwald P, Burling D, Burns E, Caycedo-Marulanda A, Chang GJ, Coyne PE, Croner RS, Daniels IR, Denost QD, Drozdov E, Eglinton T, Espín-Basany E, Evans MD, Flatmark K, Folkesson J, Frizelle FA, Gallego MA, Gil-Moreno A, Goffredo P, Griffiths B, Gwenaël F, Harris DA, Iversen LH, Kandaswamy GV, Kazi M, Kelly ME, Kokelaar R, Kusters M, Langheinrich MC, Larach T, Lydrup ML, Lyons A, Mann C, McDermott FD, Monson JRT, Neeff H, Negoi I, Ng JL, Nicolaou M, Palmer G, Parnaby C, Pellino G, Peterson AC, Quyn A, Rogers A, Rothbarth J, Abu Saadeh F, Saklani A, Sammour T, Sayyed R, Smart NJ, Smith T, Sorrentino L, Steele SR, Stitzenberg K, Taylor C, Teras J, Thanapal MR, Thorgersen E, Vasquez-Jimenez W, Waller J, Weber K, Wolthuis A, Winter DC, Brangan G, Vimalachandran D, Aalbers AGJ, Abdul Aziz N, Abraham-Nordling M, Akiyoshi T, Alahmadi R, Alberda W, Albert M, Andric M, Angeles M, Antoniou A, Armitage J, Auer R, Austin KK, Aytac E, Baker RP, Bali M, Baransi S, Bebington B, Bedford M, Bednarski BK, Beets GL, Berg PL, Bergzoll C, Biondo S, Boyle K, Bordeianou L, Brecelj E, Bremers AB, Brunner M, Bui A, Burgess A, Burger JWA, Campain N, Carvalhal S, Castro L, Ceelen W, Chan KKL, Chew MH, Chok AK, Chong P, Christensen HK, Clouston H, Collins D, Colquhoun AJ, Constantinides J, Corr A, Coscia M, Cosimelli M, Cotsoglou C, Damjanovic L, Davies M, Davies RJ, Delaney CP, de Wilt JHW, Deutsch C, Dietz D, Domingo S, Dozois EJ, Duff M, Egger E, Enrique-Navascues JM, Espín-Basany E, Eyjólfsdóttir B, Fahy M, Fearnhead NS, Fichtner-Feigl S, Fleming F, Flor B, Foskett K, Funder J, García-Granero E, García-Sabrido JL, Gargiulo M, Gava VG, Gentilini L, George ML, George V, Georgiou P, Ghosh A, Ghouti L, Giner F, Ginther N, Glover T, Golda T, Gomez CM, Harris C, Hagemans JAW, Hanchanale V, Harji DP, Helbren C, Helewa RM, Hellawell G, Heriot AG, Hochman D, Hohenberger W, Holm T, Holmström A, Hompes R, Hornung B, Hurton S, Hyun E, Ito M, Jenkins JT, Jourand K, Kaffenberger S, Kapur S, Kanemitsu Y, Kaufman M, Kelley SR, Keller DS, Kersting S, Ketelaers SHJ, Khan MS, Khaw J, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kiran R, Koh CE, Kok NFM, Kontovounisios C, Kose F, Koutra M, Kraft M, Kristensen HØ, Kumar S, Lago V, Lakkis Z, Lampe B, Larsen SG, Larson DW, Law WL, Laurberg S, Lee PJ, Limbert M, Loria A, Lynch AC, Mackintosh M, Mantyh C, Mathis KL, Margues CFS, Martinez A, Martling A, Meijerink WJHJ, Merchea A, Merkel S, Mehta AM, McArthur DR, McCormick JJ, McGrath JS, McPhee A, Maciel J, Malde S, Manfredelli S, Mikalauskas S, Modest D, Morton JR, Mullaney TG, Navarro AS, Neto JWM, Nguyen B, Nielsen MB, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, Nilsson PJ, Nordkamp S, O’Dwyer ST, Paarnio K, Pappou E, Park J, Patsouras D, Peacock O, Pfeffer F, Piqeur F, Pinson J, Poggioli G, Proud D, Quinn M, Oliver A, Radwan RW, Rajendran N, Rao C, Rasheed S, Rasmussen PC, Rausa E, Regenbogen SE, Reims HM, Renehan A, Rintala J, Rocha R, Rochester M, Rohila J, Rottoli M, Roxburgh C, Rutten HJT, Safar B, Sagar PM, Sahai A, Schizas AMP, Schwarzkopf E, Scripcariu D, Scripcariu V, Seifert G, Selvasekar C, Shaban M, Shaikh I, Shida D, Simpson A, Skeie-Jensen T, Smart P, Smith JJ, Solbakken AM, Solomon MJ, Sørensen MM, Spasojevic M, Steffens D, Stocchi L, Stylianides NA, Swartling T, Sumrien H, Swartking T, Takala H, Tan EJ, Taylor D, Tejedor P, Tekin A, Tekkis PP, Thaysen HV, Thurairaja R, Toh EL, Tsarkov P, Tolenaar J, Tsukada Y, Tsukamoto S, Tuech JJ, Turner G, Turner WH, Tuynman JB, Valente M, van Rees J, van Zoggel D, Vásquez-Jiménez W, Verhoef C, Vierimaa M, Vizzielli G, Voogt ELK, Uehara K, Wakeman C, Warrier S, Wasmuth HH, Weiser MR, Westney OL, Wheeler JMD, Wild J, Wilson M, Yano H, Yip B, Yip J, Yoo RN, Zappa MA. The empty pelvis syndrome: a core data set from the PelvEx collaborative. Br J Surg 2024; 111:znae042. [PMID: 38456677 PMCID: PMC10921833 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znae042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Empty pelvis syndrome (EPS) is a significant source of morbidity following pelvic exenteration (PE), but is undefined. EPS outcome reporting and descriptors of radicality of PE are inconsistent; therefore, the best approaches for prevention are unknown. To facilitate future research into EPS, the aim of this study is to define a measurable core outcome set, core descriptor set and written definition for EPS. Consensus on strategies to mitigate EPS was also explored. METHOD Three-stage consensus methodology was used: longlisting with systematic review, healthcare professional event, patient engagement, and Delphi-piloting; shortlisting with two rounds of modified Delphi; and a confirmatory stage using a modified nominal group technique. This included a selection of measurement instruments, and iterative generation of a written EPS definition. RESULTS One hundred and three and 119 participants took part in the modified Delphi and consensus meetings, respectively. This encompassed international patient and healthcare professional representation with multidisciplinary input. Seventy statements were longlisted, seven core outcomes (bowel obstruction, enteroperineal fistula, chronic perineal sinus, infected pelvic collection, bowel obstruction, morbidity from reconstruction, re-intervention, and quality of life), and four core descriptors (magnitude of surgery, radiotherapy-induced damage, methods of reconstruction, and changes in volume of pelvic dead space) reached consensus-where applicable, measurement of these outcomes and descriptors was defined. A written definition for EPS was agreed. CONCLUSIONS EPS is an area of unmet research and clinical need. This study provides an agreed definition and core data set for EPS to facilitate further research.
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Hämäläinen A, Kokko M, Tolvanen H, Kinnunen V, Rintala J. Towards the implementation of hydrothermal carbonization for nutrients, carbon, and energy recovery in centralized biogas plant treating sewage sludge. Waste Manag 2024; 173:99-108. [PMID: 37984264 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, extensive experimental research on hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sewage sludge has been performed, to study the effects of process conditions on hydrochar characteristics and nutrient, carbon, and energy recovery from sewage sludge. To promote the implementation of HTC, this study assessed HTC (230 °C, 30 min) integration into an advanced centralized biogas plant by analyzing its theoretical effects on the fates of sewage sludge solids, nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon. The study used the mass and nutrient flows and concentrations obtained from laboratory studies, and the studied biogas plant had an original layout that employed hygienization. HTC integration decreased the solid product volume by up to 56 % and, increased the recovery of ammonium in ammonia water by 33 % and methane by 1.4 %, while increasing the biogas plant energy demand by 4 %. The changes in the nutrient and solids flows and their recovery potentials show the need to consider the rearrangements of the liquid and gas flows in the biogas plant and the re-dimensioning of stripping process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hämäläinen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, 33104 Tampere University, Finland.
| | - Marika Kokko
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, 33104 Tampere University, Finland
| | - Henrik Tolvanen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, 33104 Tampere University, Finland
| | - Viljami Kinnunen
- Gasum Ltd. Revontulenpuisto 2 C, P.O. Box 21, 02151 Espoo, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, 33104 Tampere University, Finland
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West CT, West MA, Mirnezami AH, Drami I, Denys A, Glyn T, Sutton PA, Tiernan J, Behrenbruch C, Guerra G, Waters PS, Woodward N, Applin S, Charles SJ, Rose SA, Pape E, van Ramshorst GH, Aalbers AGJ, Abdul AN, Abecasis N, Abraham-Nordling M, Akiyoshi T, Alahmadi R, Alberda W, Albert M, Andric M, Angeles M, Angenete E, Antoniou A, Armitage J, Auer R, Austin KK, Aytac E, Aziz O, Bacalbasa N, Baker RP, Bali M, Baransi S, Baseckas G, Bebington B, Bedford M, Bednarski BK, Beets GL, Berg PL, Bergzoll C, Biondo S, Boyle K, Bordeianou L, Brecelj E, Bremers AB, Brown K, Brunner M, Buchwald P, Bui A, Burgess A, Burger JWA, Burling D, Burns E, Campain N, Carvalhal S, Castro L, Caycedo-Marulanda A, Ceelen W, Chan KKL, Chang GJ, Chew MH, Chok AK, Chong P, Christensen HK, Clouston H, Collins D, Colquhoun AJ, Constantinides J, Corr A, Coscia M, Cosimelli M, Cotsoglou C, Coyne PE, Croner RS, Damjanovic L, Daniels IR, Davies M, Davies RJ, Delaney CP, de Wilt JHW, Denost QD, Deutsch C, Dietz D, Domingo S, Dozois EJ, Drozdov E, Duff M, Egger E, Eglinton T, Enrique-Navascues JM, Espín-Basany E, Evans MD, Eyjólfsdóttir B, Fahy M, Fearnhead NS, Fichtner-Feigl S, Flatmark K, Fleming F, Flor B, Folkesson J, Foskett K, Frizelle FA, Funder J, Gallego MA, García-Granero E, García-Sabrido JL, Gargiulo M, Gava VG, Gentilini L, George ML, George V, Georgiou P, Ghosh A, Ghouti L, Gil-Moreno A, Giner F, Ginther N, Glover T, Goffredo P, Golda T, Gomez CM, Griffiths B, Gwenaël F, Harris C, Harris DA, Hagemans JAW, Hanchanale V, Harji DP, Helbren C, Helewa RM, Hellawell G, Heriot AG, Hochman D, Hohenberger W, Holm T, Holmström A, Hompes R, Hornung B, Hurton S, Hyun E, Ito M, Iversen LH, Jenkins JT, Jourand K, Kaffenberger S, Kandaswamy GV, Kapur S, Kanemitsu Y, Kaufman M, Kazi M, Kelley SR, Keller DS, Kelly ME, Kersting S, Ketelaers SHJ, Khan MS, Khaw J, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kiran R, Koh CE, Kok NFM, Kokelaar R, Kontovounisios C, Kose F, Koutra M, Kraft M, Kristensen HØ, Kumar S, Kusters M, Lago V, Lakkis Z, Lampe B, Langheinrich MC, Larach T, Larsen SG, Larson DW, Law WL, Laurberg S, Lee PJ, Limbert M, Loria A, Lydrup ML, Lyons A, Lynch AC, Mackintosh M, Mann C, Mantyh C, Mathis KL, Margues CFS, Martinez A, Martling A, Meijerink WJHJ, Merchea A, Merkel S, Mehta AM, McArthur DR, McCormick JJ, McDermott FD, McGrath JS, McPhee A, Maciel J, Malde S, Manfredelli S, Mikalauskas S, Modest D, Monson JRT, Morton JR, Mullaney TG, Navarro AS, Neeff H, Negoi I, Neto JWM, Nguyen B, Nielsen MB, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, Nilsson PJ, Nordkamp S, O’Dwyer ST, Paarnio K, Palmer G, Pappou E, Park J, Patsouras D, Peacock A, Pellino G, Peterson AC, Pfeffer F, Piqeur F, Pinson J, Poggioli G, Proud D, Quinn M, Oliver A, Quyn A, Radwan RW, Rajendran N, Rao C, Rasheed S, Rasmussen PC, Rausa E, Regenbogen SE, Reims HM, Renehan A, Rintala J, Rocha R, Rochester M, Rohila J, Rothbarth J, Rottoli M, Roxburgh C, Rutten HJT, Safar B, Sagar PM, Sahai A, Saklani A, Sammour T, Sayyed R, Schizas AMP, Schwarzkopf E, Scripcariu D, Scripcariu V, Seifert G, Selvasekar C, Shaban M, Shaikh I, Shida D, Simpson A, Skeie-Jensen T, Smart NJ, Smart P, Smith JJ, Smith T, Solbakken AM, Solomon MJ, Sørensen MM, Spasojevic M, Steele SR, Steffens D, Stitzenberg K, Stocchi L, Stylianides NA, Swartling T, Sumrien H, Swartking T, Takala H, Tan EJ, Taylor C, Taylor D, Tejedor P, Tekin A, Tekkis PP, Teras J, Thanapal MR, Thaysen HV, Thorgersen E, Thurairaja R, Toh EL, Tsarkov P, Tolenaar J, Tsukada Y, Tsukamoto S, Tuech JJ, Turner G, Turner WH, Tuynman JB, Valente M, van Rees J, van Zoggel D, Vásquez-Jiménez W, Verhoef C, Vierimaa M, Vizzielli G, Voogt ELK, Uehara K, Wakeman C, Warrier S, Wasmuth HH, Weber K, Weiser MR, Westney OL, Wheeler JMD, Wild J, Wilson M, Wolthuis A, Yano H, Yip B, Yip J, Yoo RN, Zappa MA, Winter DC. Empty pelvis syndrome: PelvEx Collaborative guideline proposal. Br J Surg 2023; 110:1730-1731. [PMID: 37757457 PMCID: PMC10805575 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znad301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
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Vo TP, Rintala J, Dai L, Oh WD, He C. The role of ubiquitous metal ions in degradation of microplastics in hot-compressed water. Water Res 2023; 245:120672. [PMID: 37783176 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal processing (HTP) is an efficient thermochemical technology to achieve sound treatment and resource recovery of sewage sludge (SS) in hot-compressed subcritical water. However, microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals can be problematic impurities for high-quality nutrients recovery from SS. This study initiated hydrothermal degradation of representative MPs (i.e., polyethylene (PE), polyamide (PA), polypropylene (PP)) under varied temperatures (180-300 °C) to understand the effect of four ubiquitous metal ions (i.e., Fe3+, Al3+, Cu2+, Zn2+) on MPs degradation. It was found that weight loss of all MPs in metallic reaction media was almost four times of that in water media, indicating the catalytic role of metal ions in HTP. Especially, PA degradation at 300 °C was promoted by Fe3+ and Al3+ with remarkable weight loss higher than 95% and 92%, respectively, which was ca. 160 °C lower than that in pyrolysis. Nevertheless, PE and PP were more recalcitrant polymers to be degraded under identical condition. Although higher temperature thermal hydrolysis reaction induced severe chain scission of polymers to reinforce degradation of MPs, Fe3+ and Al3+ ions demonstrated the most remarkable catalytic depolymerization of MPs via enhanced free radical dissociation rather than hydrolysis. Pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py GC-MS) was further complementarily applied with GC-MS to reveal HTP of MPs to secondary MPs and nanoplastics. This fundamental study highlights the crucial role of ubiquitous metal ions in MPs degradation in hot-compressed water. HTP could be an energy-efficient technology for effective treatment of MPs in SS with abundant Fe3+ and Al3+, which will benefit sustainable recovery of cleaner nutrients in hydrochar and value-added chemicals or monomers from MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan-Phat Vo
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leilei Dai
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Wen-Da Oh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chao He
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
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Koppanen M, Kesti T, Rintala J, Palmroth M. Can online particle counters and electrochemical sensors distinguish normal periodic and aperiodic drinking water quality fluctuations from contamination? Sci Total Environ 2023; 872:162078. [PMID: 36764531 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Early warning systems monitoring the quality of drinking water need to distinguish between normal quality fluctuations and those caused by contaminants. Thus, to decrease the number of false positive events, normal water quality fluctuations, whether periodic or aperiodic, need to be characterized. For this, we used a novel flow-imaging particle counter, a light-scattering particle counter, and electrochemical sensors to monitor the drinking water quality of a pressure zone in a building complex for 109 days. Data were analyzed to determine the feasibility of the sensors and particle counters to distinguish periodic and aperiodic fluctuations from real-life contaminants. The concentrations of particles smaller than 10 μm and N, Small, Large, and B particles showed sudden changes recurring daily, likely due to the flow rate changes in the building complex. Conversely, the concentrations of larger than 10 μm particles and C particles, in addition to the responses of electrochemical sensors, remained in their low typical values despite flow rate changes. The aperiodic events, likely resulting from an abnormally high flow rate in the water mains due to maintenance, were detected using particle counters and electrochemical sensors. This study provides insights into choosing water quality sensors by showing that machine learning-based particle classes, such as B, C, F, and particles larger than 10 μm are promising in distinguishing contamination from aperiodic and periodic fluctuations while the use of other particle classes and electrochemical sensors may require dynamic baseline to decrease false positive events in an early warning system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Koppanen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Tero Kesti
- Uponor Corporation, Kaskimäenkatu 2, FI-33900 Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marja Palmroth
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland
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Kamravamanesh D, Rinta Kanto JM, Ali-Loytty H, Myllärinen A, Saalasti M, Rintala J, Kokko M. Ex-situ biological hydrogen methanation in trickle bed reactors: Integration into biogas production facilities. Chem Eng Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2023.118498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Fahy MR, Kelly ME, Aalbers AGJ, Abdul Aziz N, Abecasis N, Abraham-Nordling M, Akiyoshi T, Alberda W, Albert M, Andric M, Angeles MA, Angenete E, Antoniou A, Auer R, Austin KK, Aytac E, Aziz O, Bacalbasa N, Baker RP, Bali M, Baransi S, Baseckas G, Bebington B, Bedford M, Bednarski BK, Beets GL, Berg PL, Bergzoll C, Beynon J, Biondo S, Boyle K, Bordeianou L, Brecelj E, Bremers AB, Brunner M, Buchwald P, Bui A, Burgess A, Burger JWA, Burling D, Burns E, Campain N, Carvalhal S, Castro L, Caycedo-Marulanda A, Ceelan W, Chan KKL, Chang GJ, Chang M, Chew MH, Chok AY, Chong P, Clouston H, Codd M, Collins D, Colquhoun AJ, Constantinides J, Corr A, Coscia M, Cosimelli M, Cotsoglou C, Coyne PE, Croner RS, Damjanovich L, Daniels IR, Davies M, Delaney CP, de Wilt JHW, Denost Q, Deutsch C, Dietz D, Domingo S, Dozois EJ, Drozdov E, Duff M, Eglinton T, Enriquez-Navascues JM, Espín-Basany E, Evans MD, Eyjólfsdóttir B, Fearnhead NS, Ferron G, Flatmark K, Fleming FJ, Flor B, Folkesson J, Frizelle FA, Funder J, Gallego MA, Gargiulo M, García-Granero E, García-Sabrido JL, Gargiulo M, Gava VG, Gentilini L, George ML, George V, Georgiou P, Ghosh A, Ghouti L, Gil-Moreno A, Giner F, Ginther DN, Glyn T, Glynn R, Golda T, Griffiths B, Harris DA, Hagemans JAW, Hanchanale V, Harji DP, Helewa RM, Hellawell G, Heriot AG, Hochman D, Hohenberger W, Holm T, Hompes R, Hornung B, Hurton S, Hyun E, Ito M, Iversen LH, Jenkins JT, Jourand K, Kaffenberger S, Kandaswamy GV, Kapur S, Kanemitsu Y, Kazi M, Kelley SR, Keller DS, Ketelaers SHJ, Khan MS, Kiran RP, Kim H, Kim HJ, Koh CE, Kok NFM, Kokelaar R, Kontovounisios C, Kose F, Koutra M, Kristensen HØ, Kroon HM, Kumar S, Kusters M, Lago V, Lampe B, Lakkis Z, Larach JT, Larkin JO, Larsen SG, Larson DW, Law WL, Lee PJ, Limbert M, Loria A, Lydrup ML, Lyons A, Lynch AC, Maciel J, Manfredelli S, Mann C, Mantyh C, Mathis KL, Marques CFS, Martinez A, Martling A, Mehigan BJ, Meijerink WJHJ, Merchea A, Merkel S, Mehta AM, Mikalauskas S, McArthur DR, McCormick JJ, McCormick P, McDermott FD, McGrath JS, Malde S, Mirnezami A, Monson JRT, Navarro AS, Negoi I, Neto JWM, Ng JL, Nguyen B, Nielsen MB, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, Nilsson PJ, Nordkamp S, Nugent T, Oliver A, O’Dwyer ST, O’Sullivan NJ, Paarnio K, Palmer G, Pappou E, Park J, Patsouras D, Peacock O, Pellino G, Peterson AC, Pinson J, Poggioli G, Proud D, Quinn M, Quyn A, Rajendran N, Radwan RW, Rajendran N, Rao C, Rasheed S, Rausa E, Regenbogen SE, Reims HM, Renehan A, Rintala J, Rocha R, Rochester M, Rohila J, Rothbarth J, Rottoli M, Roxburgh C, Rutten HJT, Safar B, Sagar PM, Sahai A, Saklani A, Sammour T, Sayyed R, Schizas AMP, Schwarzkopf E, Scripcariu D, Scripcariu V, Selvasekar C, Shaikh I, Simpson A, Skeie-Jensen T, Smart NJ, Smart P, Smith JJ, Solbakken AM, Solomon MJ, Sørensen MM, Sorrentino L, Steele SR, Steffens D, Stitzenberg K, Stocchi L, Stylianides NA, Swartling T, Spasojevic M, Sumrien H, Sutton PA, Swartking T, Takala H, Tan EJ, Taylor C, Tekin A, Tekkis PP, Teras J, Thaysen HV, Thurairaja R, Thorgersen EB, Toh EL, Tsarkov P, Tsukada Y, Tsukamoto S, Tuech JJ, Turner WH, Tuynman JB, Valente M, van Ramshorst GH, van Zoggel D, Vasquez-Jimenez W, Vather R, Verhoef C, Vierimaa M, Vizzielli G, Voogt ELK, Uehara K, Urrejola G, Wakeman C, Warrier SK, Wasmuth HH, Waters PS, Weber K, Weiser MR, Wheeler JMD, Wild J, Williams A, Wilson M, Wolthuis A, Yano H, Yip B, Yip J, Yoo RN, Zappa MA, Winter DC. Minimum standards of pelvic exenterative practice: PelvEx Collaborative guideline. Br J Surg 2022; 109:1251-1263. [PMID: 36170347 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This document outlines the important aspects of caring for patients who have been diagnosed with advanced pelvic cancer. It is primarily aimed at those who are establishing a service that adequately caters to this patient group. The relevant literature has been summarized and an attempt made to simplify the approach to management of these complex cases.
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Hämäläinen A, Kokko M, Kinnunen V, Hilli T, Rintala J. Hydrothermal carbonization of pulp and paper industry wastewater treatment sludges - characterization and potential use of hydrochars and filtrates. Bioresour Technol 2022; 355:127258. [PMID: 35526710 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The pulp and paper industry's mixed sludge represents waste streams with few other means of disposal than incineration. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) could be advantageous for the sludge refinement into value-added products, thus complementing the concept of pulp and paper mills as biorefineries. Laboratory HTC was performed on mixed sludge (at 32% and 15% total solids) at temperatures of 210-250 °C for 30 or 120 min, and the characteristics of the HTC products were evaluated for their potential for energy, carbon, and nutrient recovery. The energy content increased from 14.9 MJ/kg in the mixed sludge up to 20.5 MJ/kg in the hydrochars. The produced filtrates had 12-15-fold higher COD and 3-5-fold higher volumetric methane production than untreated sludge filtrates, even though the methane yield against g-COD was lower. The increased value of the hydrochars in terms of energy content and carbon sequestration potential promote HTC deployment in sludge treatment and upgrading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hämäläinen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O.Box 541, 33104 Tampere University, Finland.
| | - Marika Kokko
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O.Box 541, 33104 Tampere University, Finland
| | | | - Tuomo Hilli
- Fifth Innovation Oy, Väinölänkatu 26, 33500, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O.Box 541, 33104 Tampere University, Finland
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Hämäläinen A, Kokko M, Chatterjee P, Kinnunen V, Rintala J. The effects of digestate pyrolysis liquid on the thermophilic anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge - Perspective for a centralized biogas plant using thermal hydrolysis pretreatment. Waste Manag 2022; 147:73-82. [PMID: 35623263 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of pyrolysis process to valorize digestate from anaerobic digestion (AD) of municipal sewage sludge for biochar production was piloted in a central biogas plant. The pyrolysis also generates pyrolysis liquid with high organics and nutrient contents that currently has no value and requires treatment, which could potentially be done in AD. As the pyrolysis liquid may contain inhibitory compounds, we investigated the effects of adding the pyrolysis liquid on AD of sewage sludge and thermal hydrolysis pretreated sewage sludge (THSS) simulating the full-scale centralized biogas plant conditions. In batch assays, the pyrolysis liquid as such did not produce any methane, and the 1% and 5% (v/w) shares suppressed the methane production from THSS by 14-19%, while a smaller decrease in methane production was observed with sewage sludge. However, in the semi-continuous reactor experiments, pyrolysis liquid at a 1% (v/w) share was added in sewage sludge or THSS feed without affecting the methane yields or digestate characteristics. The laboratory results indicated that pyrolysis liquid can be treated in AD, while extrapolating the results to the centralized biogas plant indicated minor increase in the overall methane production and an increased potential for ammonium recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hämäläinen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O.Box 541, 33104 Tampere University, Finland
| | - Marika Kokko
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O.Box 541, 33104 Tampere University, Finland
| | - Pritha Chatterjee
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O.Box 541, 33104 Tampere University, Finland; Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyberabad, Hyberabad, India
| | | | - Jukka Rintala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O.Box 541, 33104 Tampere University, Finland
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Hiltunen N, Rintala J, Väyrynen JP, Böhm J, Karttunen TJ, Huhta H, Helminen O. Monocarboxylate Transporters 1 and 4 and Prognosis in Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102552. [PMID: 35626155 PMCID: PMC9139933 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) are cell membrane proteins transporting lactate, pyruvate, and ketone bodies across the plasma membrane. The prognostic role of MCTs in neuroendocrine tumors is unknown. We aimed to analyze MCT1 and MCT4 expression in small bowel neuroendocrine tumors (SB-NETs). The cohort included 109 SB-NETs and 61 SB-NET lymph node metastases from two Finnish hospitals. Tumor samples were immunohistochemically stained with MCT1 and MCT4 monoclonal antibodies. The staining intensity, percentage of positive cells, and stromal staining were assessed. MCT1 and MCT4 scores (0, 1 or 2) were composed based on the staining intensity and the percentage of positive cells. Survival analyses were performed with the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression, adjusted for confounders. The primary outcome was disease-specific survival (DSS). A high MCT4 intensity in SB-NETs was associated with better DSS when compared to low intensity (85.7 vs. 56.6%, p = 0.020). A high MCT4 percentage of positive cells resulted in better DSS when compared to a low percentage (77.4 vs. 49.1%, p = 0.059). MCT4 scores 0, 1, and 2 showed DSS of 52.8 vs. 58.8 vs. 100% (p = 0.025), respectively. After adjusting for confounders, the mortality hazard was lowest in the patients with a high MCT4 score. MCT1 showed no association with survival. According to our study, a high MCT4 expression is associated with an improved prognosis in SB-NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niko Hiltunen
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (J.R.); (J.P.V.); (T.J.K.); (H.H.); (O.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (J.R.); (J.P.V.); (T.J.K.); (H.H.); (O.H.)
- Surgery Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha P. Väyrynen
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (J.R.); (J.P.V.); (T.J.K.); (H.H.); (O.H.)
| | - Jan Böhm
- Department of Pathology, Central Finland Central Hospital, 40620 Jyväskylä, Finland;
| | - Tuomo J. Karttunen
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (J.R.); (J.P.V.); (T.J.K.); (H.H.); (O.H.)
| | - Heikki Huhta
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (J.R.); (J.P.V.); (T.J.K.); (H.H.); (O.H.)
| | - Olli Helminen
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (J.R.); (J.P.V.); (T.J.K.); (H.H.); (O.H.)
- Surgery Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
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Koppanen M, Kesti T, Kokko M, Rintala J, Palmroth M. An online flow-imaging particle counter and conventional water quality sensors detect drinking water contamination in the presence of normal water quality fluctuations. Water Res 2022; 213:118149. [PMID: 35151088 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Contamination detection in drinking water is crucial for water utilities in terms of public health; however, current online water quality sensors can be unresponsive to various possible contaminants consisting of particulate and dissolved content or require a constant supply of reagents and sample preparation. We used a two-line test environment connected to a drinking water distribution system with flow-imaging particle counters and conventional sensors to assess their responses to the injection of contaminants into one line, including stormwater, treated wastewater, wastewater, well water, and Escherichia coli, while simultaneously measuring responses to normal water quality fluctuations in the other line. These water quality fluctuations were detected with all of the conventional sensors (except conductivity) and with 3 out of 5 of the size- and shape-derived particle classes of the flow-imaging particle counter. The flow-imaging particle counter was able to detect all of the studied contaminants, e.g. municipal wastewater at 0.001% (v/v), while the oxidation-reduction potential sensor outperformed other conventional sensors, detecting the same wastewater at 0.03% (v/v). The presence of particles less than 1 µm in size was shown to be a generic parameter for the detection of particulates present in the studied contaminants; however, they manifested a considerable response to fluctuations which led to lower relative response to contaminants in comparison to larger particles. The particle size and class distributions of contaminants were different from those of drinking water, and thus monitoring particles larger than 1 µm or specific particle classes of flow-imaging particle counter, which are substantially more abundant in contaminated water than in pure drinking water, can improve the detection of contamination events. Water utilities could optimize contamination detection by selecting water quality parameters with a minimal response to quality fluctuations and/or a high relative response to contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Koppanen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Tero Kesti
- Uponor Corporation, Kaskimäenkatu 2, FI-33900 Tampere, Finland
| | - Marika Kokko
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marja Palmroth
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland
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Mäkäräinen E, Rautio T, Rintala J, Muysoms F, Kauppila JH. Incidence of parastomal and incisional hernia following emergency surgery for Hinchey III-IV diverticulitis: A systematic review. Scand J Surg 2022; 111:14574969221107276. [PMID: 35748305 DOI: 10.1177/14574969221107276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the risk of parastomal (PSH) and incisional hernias (IH) after emergency surgery for Hinchey III-IV diverticulitis, with comparison between the Hartmann procedure and other surgical techniques. METHODS The Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science and Scopus databases were systematically searched. The primary endpoint was parastomal hernia incidence. The secondary endpoint was incisional hernia incidence. RESULTS Five studies (four randomized controlled trials and one retrospective cohort) with a total of 699 patients were eligible for inclusion. The PSH rate was 15%-46% for Hartmann procedure, 0%-85% for primary anastomosis, 4% for resection, and 2% for laparoscopic lavage. The IH rates were 5%-38% for Hartmann procedure, 5%-27% for primary anastomosis, 9%-12% for primary resection, and 3%-11% for laparoscopic lavage. CONCLUSIONS Both the parastomal and incisional hernia incidences are poorly evaluated and reported, and varied greatly between the studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Mäkäräinen
- Department of Surgery Medical Research Center University of Oulu Oulu University Hospital (OYS) PL29 90029 Oulu Finland
| | - Tero Rautio
- Department of Surgery, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Department of Surgery, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Joonas H Kauppila
- Department of Surgery, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Singh S, Rinta-Kanto JM, Lens PNL, Kokko M, Rintala J, O'Flaherty V, Ijaz UZ, Collins G. Microbial community assembly and dynamics in Granular, Fixed-Biofilm and planktonic microbiomes valorizing Long-Chain fatty acids at 20 °C. Bioresour Technol 2022; 343:126098. [PMID: 34626764 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Distinct microbial assemblages evolve in anaerobic digestion (AD) reactors to drive sequential conversions of organics to methane. The spatio-temporal development of three such assemblages (granules, biofilms, planktonic) derived from the same inoculum was studied in replicated bioreactors treating long-chain fatty acids (LCFA)-rich wastewater at 20 °C at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 12-72 h. We found granular, biofilm and planktonic assemblages differentiated by diversity, structure, and assembly mechanisms; demonstrating a spatial compartmentalisation of the microbiomes from the initial community reservoir. Our analysis linked abundant Methanosaeta and Syntrophaceae-affiliated taxa (Syntrophus and uncultured) to their putative, active roles in syntrophic LCFA bioconversion. LCFA loading rates (stearate, palmitate), and HRT, were significant drivers shaping microbial community dynamics and assembly. This study of the archaea and syntrophic bacteria actively valorising LCFAs at short HRTs and 20 °C will help uncover the microbiology underpinning anaerobic bioconversions of fats, oil and grease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suniti Singh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33104 Tampere University, Finland; UNESCO-IHE, Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, the Netherlands; School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Johanna M Rinta-Kanto
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33104 Tampere University, Finland
| | - Piet N L Lens
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33104 Tampere University, Finland; UNESCO-IHE, Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Marika Kokko
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33104 Tampere University, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33104 Tampere University, Finland
| | - Vincent O'Flaherty
- School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Umer Zeeshan Ijaz
- Water and Environment Group, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, United Kingdom.
| | - Gavin Collins
- School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland; Water and Environment Group, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, United Kingdom
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Saviaro H, Rintala J, Kauppila JH, Yannopoulos F, Meriläinen S, Koivukangas V, Huhta H, Helminen O, Saarnio J. Thirty years of esophageal cancer surgery in Oulu University Hospital. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:4638-4649. [PMID: 34527305 PMCID: PMC8411167 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Esophagectomy is the mainstay of surgical treatment of esophageal cancer, but involves high operative risk. The aim of this study was to review the evolution surgical treatment of esophageal cancer in Northern Finland, with introduction of minimally invasive techniques. Methods All elective esophagectomies performed in Oulu University Hospital between years 1987 and 2020 were included. Treatment strategies were compared to current guidelines including staging and use of neoadjuvant therapy, and benchmark values including postoperative morbidity, hospital stay, readmissions and 90-day mortality. Long-term survival was compared to previous national studies. Results Between years 1987 and 2020 a total of 341 underwent an esophagectomy. Transhiatal resection was performed to 167 (49.3%), Ivor Lewis to 129 (38.1%) and McKeown to 42 (12.4%) patients. MIE was performed to 49 (14.5%) patients. During the past four years 83.7% of locally advanced diseases received neoadjuvant treatment. Since 1987, gradual improvements have occurred especially in incidence of pleural effusion requiring additional drainage procedure (highest in 2011–2013 and in last four years 14.0%), recurrent nerve injuries (highest in 2008–2010 29.4% and lowest in 2017–2020 1.8%) and in 1-year survival rate (1987–1998 68.4% vs. 2017–2020 82.1%). No major changes in comorbidity, complication rate, anastomosis leaks, hospital stay or postoperative mortality were seen. Conclusions Esophageal cancer surgery has gone through major changes over three decades. Current guideline-based treatment has resulted with progressive improvement in mid- and long-term survival. However, despite modern protocol, no major improvement has occurred for example in major complications, anastomosis leak rates or hospital stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henna Saviaro
- Surgery Research Unit, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Surgery Research Unit, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Joonas H Kauppila
- Surgery Research Unit, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Yannopoulos
- Surgery Research Unit, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sanna Meriläinen
- Surgery Research Unit, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vesa Koivukangas
- Surgery Research Unit, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heikki Huhta
- Surgery Research Unit, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Olli Helminen
- Surgery Research Unit, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Saarnio
- Surgery Research Unit, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Hämäläinen A, Kokko M, Kinnunen V, Hilli T, Rintala J. Hydrothermal carbonisation of mechanically dewatered digested sewage sludge-Energy and nutrient recovery in centralised biogas plant. Water Res 2021; 201:117284. [PMID: 34107365 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the role of hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) in digestate processing in centralised biogas plants receiving dewatered sludge from regional wastewater treatment plants and producing biomethane and fertilisers. Chemically conditioned and mechanically dewatered sludge was used as such (total solids (TS) 25%) or as diluted (15% TS) with reject water in 30 min or 120 min HTC treatments at 210 °C, 230 °C or 250 °C, and the produced slurry was filtered to produce hydrochars and filtrates. The different hydrochars contributed to 20-55% of the original mass, 72-88% of the TS, 74-87% of the energy content, 71-92% of the carbon, above 86% of phosphorous and 38-64% of the nitrogen present in the original digestates. The hydrochars' energy content (higher heating values were 11.3-12.2 MJ/kg-TS) were similar to that of the digestates, while the ash contents increased (from 43% up to 57%). HTC treatments produced filtrates in volumes of 42-76% of the dewatered digestate, having a soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) of 28-44 g/L, of which volatile fatty acids (VFAs) contributed 10-34%, and methane potentials of 182-206 mL-CH4/g-SCOD without any major indication of inhibition. All 32 pharmaceuticals detected in the digestates were below the detection limit in hydrochars and filtrates, save for ibuprofen and benzotriazole in filtrate, while heavy metals were concentrated in the hydrochars but below the national limits for fertiliser use, save for mercury. The integration of HTC to a centralised biogas plant was extrapolated to enhance the annual biogas production by 5% and ammonium recovery by 25%, and the hydrochar was estimated to produce 83 GJ upon combustion or to direct 350 t phosphorous to agriculture annually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hämäläinen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O.Box 541, 33104 Tampere University, Finland.
| | - Marika Kokko
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O.Box 541, 33104 Tampere University, Finland
| | | | - Tuomo Hilli
- Fifth Innovation Oy, Väinölänkatu 26, 33500 Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O.Box 541, 33104 Tampere University, Finland
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Eregowda T, Kokko ME, Rene ER, Rintala J, Lens PNL. Volatile fatty acid production from Kraft mill foul condensate in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors. Environ Technol 2021; 42:2447-2460. [PMID: 31928330 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1703823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of foul condensate (FC) collected from a Kraft pulp mill for the anaerobic production of volatile fatty acids (VFA) was tested in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors operated at 22, 37 and 55°C at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of ∼75 h. The FC consisted mainly of 11370, 500 and 592 mg/L methanol, ethanol and acetone, respectively. 42-46% of the organic carbon (methanol, ethanol and acetone) was utilized in the UASB reactors operated at an organic loading of ∼8.6 gCOD/L.d and 52-70% of the utilized organic carbon was converted into VFA. Along with acetate, also propionate, isobutyrate, butyrate, isovalerate and valerate were produced from the FC. Prior to acetogenesis of FC, enrichment of the acetogenic biomass was carried out in the UASB reactors for 113 d by applying operational parameters that inhibit methanogenesis and induce acetogenesis. Activity tests after 158 d of reactor operation showed that the biomass from the 55°C UASB reactor exhibited the highest activity after the FC feed compared to the biomass from the reactors at 22 and 37°C. Activity tests at 37°C to compare FC utilization for CH4 versus VFA production showed that an organic carbon utilization >98% for CH4 production occurred in batch bottles, whereas the VFA production batch bottles showed 51% organic carbon utilization. Furthermore, higher concentrations of C3-C5 VFA were produced when FC was the substrate compared to synthetic methanol rich wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini Eregowda
- UNESCO-IHE, Institute for Water Education, Delft, Netherlands
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marika E Kokko
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eldon R Rene
- UNESCO-IHE, Institute for Water Education, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Piet N L Lens
- UNESCO-IHE, Institute for Water Education, Delft, Netherlands
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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18
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Sippola S, Haijanen J, Grönroos J, Rautio T, Nordström P, Rantanen T, Pinta T, Ilves I, Mattila A, Rintala J, Löyttyniemi E, Hurme S, Tammilehto V, Marttila H, Meriläinen S, Laukkarinen J, Sävelä EL, Savolainen H, Sippola T, Aarnio M, Paajanen H, Salminen P. Effect of Oral Moxifloxacin vs Intravenous Ertapenem Plus Oral Levofloxacin for Treatment of Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis: The APPAC II Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2021; 325:353-362. [PMID: 33427870 PMCID: PMC7802006 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.23525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Antibiotics are an effective and safe alternative to appendectomy for managing uncomplicated acute appendicitis, but the optimal antibiotic regimen is not known. OBJECTIVE To compare oral antibiotics with combined intravenous followed by oral antibiotics in the management of computed tomography-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The Appendicitis Acuta (APPAC) II multicenter, open-label, noninferiority randomized clinical trial was conducted from April 2017 until November 2018 in 9 Finnish hospitals. A total of 599 patients aged 18 to 60 years with computed tomography-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis were enrolled in the trial. The last date of follow-up was November 29, 2019. INTERVENTIONS Patients randomized to receive oral monotherapy (n = 295) received oral moxifloxacin (400 mg/d) for 7 days. Patients randomized to receive intravenous antibiotics followed by oral antibiotics (n = 288) received intravenous ertapenem (1 g/d) for 2 days followed by oral levofloxacin (500 mg/d) and metronidazole (500 mg 3 times/d) for 5 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary end point was treatment success (≥65%) for both groups, defined as discharge from hospital without surgery and no recurrent appendicitis during 1-year follow-up, and to determine whether oral antibiotics alone were noninferior to intravenous and oral antibiotics, with a margin of 6% for difference. RESULTS Among 599 patients who were randomized (mean [SD] age, 36 [12] years; 263 [44%] women), 581 (99.7%) were available for the 1-year follow-up. The treatment success rate at 1 year was 70.2% (1-sided 95% CI, 65.8% to ∞) for patients treated with oral antibiotics and 73.8% (1-sided 95% CI, 69.5% to ∞) for patients treated with intravenous followed by oral antibiotics. The difference was -3.6% ([1-sided 95% CI, -9.7% to ∞]; P = .26 for noninferiority), with the confidence limit exceeding the noninferiority margin. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Among adults with uncomplicated acute appendicitis, treatment with 7 days of oral moxifloxacin compared with 2 days of intravenous ertapenem followed by 5 days of levofloxacin and metronidazole resulted in treatment success rates greater than 65% in both groups, but failed to demonstrate noninferiority for treatment success of oral antibiotics compared with intravenous followed by oral antibiotics. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03236961; EudraCT Identifier: 2015-003633-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi Sippola
- Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jussi Haijanen
- Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Surgery, Satakunta Central Hospital, Pori, Finland
| | - Juha Grönroos
- Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tero Rautio
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Pia Nordström
- Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tuomo Rantanen
- Department of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland
| | - Tarja Pinta
- Department of Surgery, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Imre Ilves
- Department of Surgery, Mikkeli Central Hospital, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Anne Mattila
- Department of Surgery, Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Surgery, Rovaniemi Central Hospital, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | | | - Saija Hurme
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ville Tammilehto
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Marttila
- Department of Hospital Hygiene & Infection Control, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Sanna Meriläinen
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Laukkarinen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Heini Savolainen
- Department of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi Sippola
- Department of Surgery, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Markku Aarnio
- Department of Surgery, Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Hannu Paajanen
- Department of Surgery, Mikkeli Central Hospital, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Paulina Salminen
- Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Chakraborty S, Rene ER, Lens PNL, Rintala J, Veiga MC, Kennes C. Effect of tungsten and selenium on C 1 gas bioconversion by an enriched anaerobic sludge and microbial community analysis. Chemosphere 2020; 250:126105. [PMID: 32092562 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effect of trace metals, namely tungsten and selenium, on the production of acids and alcohols through gas fermentation by a CO-enriched anaerobic sludge in a continuous gas-fed bioreactor was investigated. The CO-enriched sludge was first supplied with a tungsten-deficient medium (containing selenium) and in a next assay, a selenium-deficient medium (containing tungsten) was fed to the bioreactor, at a CO gas flow rate of 10 mL/min. In the absence of tungsten (tungstate), an initial pH of 6.2 followed by a pH decrease to 4.9 yielded 7.34 g/L acetic acid as the major acid during the high pH period. Subsequently, bioconversion of the acids at a lower pH of 4.9 yielded only 1.85 g/L ethanol and 1.2 g/L butanol in the absence of tungsten (tungstate). A similar follow up assay in the same bioreactor with two consecutive periods at different pH values (i.e., 6.2 and 4.9) with a selenium deficient medium yielded 6.6 g/L acetic acid at pH 6.2 and 4 g/L ethanol as well as 1.88 g/L butanol at pH 4.9. The results from the microbial community analysis showed that the only known CO fixing microorganism able to produce alcohols detected in the bioreactor was Clostridium autoethanogenum, both in the tungsten and the selenium deprived media, although that species has so far not been reported to be able to produce butanol. No other solventogenic acetogen was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samayita Chakraborty
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory (BIOENGIN Group), Faculty of Sciences and Center for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of La Coruña (UDC), E-15008, La Coruña, Spain; UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Eldon R Rene
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Piet N L Lens
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, 33720, Tampere, Finland
| | - María C Veiga
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory (BIOENGIN Group), Faculty of Sciences and Center for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of La Coruña (UDC), E-15008, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Christian Kennes
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory (BIOENGIN Group), Faculty of Sciences and Center for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of La Coruña (UDC), E-15008, La Coruña, Spain.
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20
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Singh S, Rinta-Kanto JM, Kettunen R, Tolvanen H, Lens P, Collins G, Kokko M, Rintala J. Anaerobic treatment of LCFA-containing synthetic dairy wastewater at 20 °C: Process performance and microbial community dynamics. Sci Total Environ 2019; 691:960-968. [PMID: 31326818 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Facilitating anaerobic degradation of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) is key for tapping the high methane production potential of the fats, oil and grease (FOG) content of dairy wastewaters. In this study, the feasibility of using high-rate granular sludge reactors for the treatment of mixed LCFA-containing synthetic dairy wastewater (SDW) was assessed at 20 °C. The effects of the LCFA concentration (33-45% of COD) and organic loading rates (2-3 gCOD/L·d) were determined using three parallel expanded granular sludge bed reactors. For the first time, long term anaerobic treatment of LCFA-containing feed at 20 °C was shown to be feasible and was linked to the microbial community dynamics in high-rate reactors. During a two-month operation, a soluble COD removal of 84-91% and COD to methane conversion of 44-51% was obtained. However, granular sludge flotation and washout occurred after two months in all reactors without volatile fatty acids (VFA) accumulation, emphasizing the need for sludge retention for long-term granular sludge reactor operation with LCFA-containing feed at low ambient temperatures. The temporal shifts in microbial community structure were studied in the high-rate treatment of SDW, and the process disturbances (elevated LCFA loading, LCFA accumulation, and batch operation) were found to decrease the microbial community diversity. The relative abundance of Methanosaeta increased with higher LCFA accumulation in the settled and flotation layer granules in the three reactors, therefore, acetoclastic methanogenesis was found to be crucial for the high-rate treatment of SDW at 20 °C. This study provides an initial understanding of the continuous anaerobic treatment of LCFA-containing industrial wastewaters at low ambient temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suniti Singh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | | | - Riitta Kettunen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Tampere Water, Viinikankatu 42 A, 33800 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Henrik Tolvanen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Piet Lens
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Gavin Collins
- Microbial Ecophysiology Laboratory, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Marika Kokko
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
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21
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Chatterjee P, Granatier M, Ramasamy P, Kokko M, Lakaniemi AM, Rintala J. Microalgae grow on source separated human urine in Nordic climate: Outdoor pilot-scale cultivation. J Environ Manage 2019; 237:119-127. [PMID: 30784859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Human urine contributes approximately 80% of nitrogen and 50% of phosphorous in urban wastewaters while having a volume of only 1-1.5 L/d per capita compared to 150-200 L/d per capita of wastewater generated. There is interest to study source separation of urine and search methods to recover the nutrients form the urine. In this study, the objective was to use the nutrients in source separated urine for outdoor cultivation of microalgae in Nordic climate. A freshwater green microalga Scenedesmus acuminatus was grown in different dilutions (1:20 and 1:15) of source separated human urine, in a semi-continuously operated outdoor raceway pond with a liquid volume of 2000 L, at hydraulic retention time of 15 d. The microalgae could remove 52% nitrogen and 38% phosphorus even at culture temperatures as low as 5 °C, while obtaining a biomass density of 0.34 g VSS/L. Harvested microalgal biomass could be used to produce methane with a yield of 285 L CH4/kg volatile solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Chatterjee
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Finland.
| | - Marianna Granatier
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Finland
| | - Praveen Ramasamy
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Finland
| | - Marika Kokko
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Finland
| | | | - Jukka Rintala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Finland
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini Eregowda
- UNESCO-IHE, Institute for Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eldon R. Rene
- UNESCO-IHE, Institute for Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Piet N. L. Lens
- UNESCO-IHE, Institute for Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
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23
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Mönkäre T, Palmroth MRT, Sormunen K, Rintala J. Scaling up the treatment of the fine fraction from landfill mining: Mass balance and cost structure. Waste Manag 2019; 87:464-471. [PMID: 31109547 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of the fine fraction (FF) obtained from landfill mining is necessary in order to reduce the amount of organic matter and biological activity in FF, thus increasing its potential to be utilized after landfill mining. This paper suggests the scaled up anaerobic and aerobic treatment of FF, with or without continuous irrigation, and presents the mass balance and cost structure of such treatment based on two hypothetical landfills. The physical treatment structure for the treatment of FF should prevent emissions, and in this paper, it includes suitable bottom and top liners as well as the collection and treatment of the gaseous and leachate emissions formed during the treatment. Methane produced in anaerobic treatments could either be utilized for energy recovery or be flared. The cost of the anaerobic and aerobic treatment of FF, including investments and operation costs, are 20-65 €/t FF, depending on size of the landfill. The costs of anaerobic treatment and passive aeration are similar, and active aeration is slightly more expensive, but the cost of the continuous irrigation is the most significant, as it multiplies the leachate treatment costs. The overall cost of treatment could be lowered by reducing the treatment time and utilizing existing landfill structures. The results of this paper can be used in planning and estimating the cost of the biological treatment of FF when evaluating landfill mining projects, as the fate of FF may have a major impact on the economics of landfill mining projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Mönkäre
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 527, FI-33014 Tampere University, Finland
| | - Marja R T Palmroth
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 527, FI-33014 Tampere University, Finland.
| | - Kai Sormunen
- Mustankorkea Ltd. Waste Management Company, Ronsuntaipaleentie 204, FI-40500 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 527, FI-33014 Tampere University, Finland
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24
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Pastor-Poquet V, Papirio S, Trably E, Rintala J, Escudié R, Esposito G. Semi-continuous mono-digestion of OFMSW and Co-digestion of OFMSW with beech sawdust: Assessment of the maximum operational total solid content. J Environ Manage 2019; 231:1293-1302. [PMID: 30297222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, mono-digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and co-digestion of OFMSW with beech sawdust, simulating green waste, were used to investigate the maximum operational total solid (TS) content in semi-continuous high-solids anaerobic digestion (HS-AD). To alleviate substrate overloading in HS-AD, the effluent mass was relatively reduced compared to the influent mass, extending the mass retention time. To this aim, the reactor mass was daily evaluated, permitting to assess the reactor content removal by biogas production. During mono-digestion of OFMSW, the NH3 inhibition and the rapid TS removal prevented to maintain HS-AD conditions (i.e. TS ≥ 10%), without exacerbating the risk of reactor acidification. In contrast, the inclusion of sawdust in OFMSW permitted to operate HS-AD up to 30% TS, before acidification occurred. Therefore, including a lignocellulosic substrate in OFMSW can prevent acidification and stabilize HS-AD at very high TS contents (i.e. 20-30%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Pastor-Poquet
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, FR, Italy; LBE, Univ Montpellier, INRA, 102 avenue des Etangs, 11100, Narbonne, France; Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, FI-33720 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Stefano Papirio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Eric Trably
- LBE, Univ Montpellier, INRA, 102 avenue des Etangs, 11100, Narbonne, France
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, FI-33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Renaud Escudié
- LBE, Univ Montpellier, INRA, 102 avenue des Etangs, 11100, Narbonne, France
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, FR, Italy
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25
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Jagadabhi PS, Kaparaju P, Väisänen A, Rintala J. Effect of macro- and micro-nutrients addition during anaerobic mono-digestion of grass silage in leach-bed reactors. Environ Technol 2019; 40:418-429. [PMID: 29032726 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1393462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The effect of macro- (NH4Cl) (set I) and micro-nutrients (Fe, Ni, Co and Mo) (set II) addition on chemical oxygen demand (COD) solubilisation during anaerobic mono-digestion of grass silage was investigated in two sets of leach bed reactor experiments at 35°C. Results showed that addition of NH4Cl and micro-nutrients improved COD solubilisation by 18% (0.56 g SCOD g-1 volatile solids) and 7% (0.45 g SCOD g-1 VS), respectively than control. About 20-50% of the added micro-nutrients were bioavailable in the produced leachates, while the rest (50-80%) were adsorbed onto the grass silage. Results of biological methane potential assays showed that, specific methane yields of grass silage were improved by 17% (0.36 ± 0.02 m3 CH4 kg-1 VSadded) when NH4Cl was supplemented while Fe, Ni, Co and Mo addition improved methane yields by 15% (0.33 ± 0.005 m3 CH4 kg-1 VSadded) when compared to control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padma Shanthi Jagadabhi
- a International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) , Hyderabad , India
| | - Prasad Kaparaju
- b Griffith School of Engineering, Environment 1 Building , Griffith University , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Ari Väisänen
- c Department of Chemistry , University of Jyväskylä , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- d Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering , Tampere University of Technology , Tampere , Finland
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26
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Chatterjee P, Lahtinen L, Kokko M, Rintala J. Remediation of sedimented fiber originating from pulp and paper industry: Laboratory scale anaerobic reactor studies and ideas of scaling up. Water Res 2018; 143:209-217. [PMID: 29960175 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic treatment of sedimented fibers collected from bottom of a bay that had been receiving pulp and paper mill wastewater for about 70 years were studied for the first time in semi-continuously fed continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR). Anaerobic treatment of the fiber sediment was shown to be feasible, without dilution and with nitrogen and buffer supplement, at organic loading rates (OLR) up to 2.5 kg VS/m3d and hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 60 d resulting in methane yields of 201 ± 18 L CH4/kg VS. Co-digestion of sedimented fiber with sewage sludge at an OLR of 1.5 kg VS/m3d and HRT of 20 d resulted in a methane production of 246 ± 10 L CH4/kg VS. The techno-economic feasibility of mono and co-digestion process together with several case dependent factors such as maximum operable OLR, digestate utilization needs to be evaluated before making further conclusions for larger scale remediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Chatterjee
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-3310, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Leija Lahtinen
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-3310, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Consulting Group (FCG Suunnittelu ja tekniikka Oy), P.O. Box 950, FIN-00601, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marika Kokko
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-3310, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-3310, Tampere, Finland
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27
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Kokko M, Koskue V, Rintala J. Anaerobic digestion of 30-100-year-old boreal lake sedimented fibre from the pulp industry: Extrapolating methane production potential to a practical scale. Water Res 2018; 133:218-226. [PMID: 29407702 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the 1980s, the pulp and paper industry in Finland has resulted in the accumulation of fibres in lake sediments. One such site in Lake Näsijärvi contains approximately 1.5 million m3 sedimented fibres. In this study, the methane production potential of the sedimented fibres (on average 13% total solids (TS)) was determined in batch assays. Furthermore, the methane production from solid (on average 20% TS) and liquid fractions of sedimented fibres after solid-liquid separation was studied. The sedimented fibres resulted in fast methane production and high methane yields of 250 ± 80 L CH4/kg volatile solids (VS). The main part (ca. 90%) of the methane potential was obtained from the solid fraction of the sedimented fibres. In addition, the VS removal from the total and solid sedimented fibres was high, 61-65% and 63-78%, respectively. The liquid fraction also contained a large amount of organics (on average 8.8 g COD/L), treatment of which also has to be considered. The estimations of the methane production potentials in the case area showed potential up to 40 million m3 of methane from sedimented fibres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Kokko
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-3310, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Veera Koskue
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-3310, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-3310, Tampere, Finland
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Pöysä H, Rintala J, Johnson DH, Kauppinen J, Lammi E, Nudds TD, Väänänen VM. Environmental variability and population dynamics: do European and North American ducks play by the same rules? Ecol Evol 2017; 6:7004-7014. [PMID: 28725377 PMCID: PMC5513220 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Density dependence, population regulation, and variability in population size are fundamental population processes, the manifestation and interrelationships of which are affected by environmental variability. However, there are surprisingly few empirical studies that distinguish the effect of environmental variability from the effects of population processes. We took advantage of a unique system, in which populations of the same duck species or close ecological counterparts live in highly variable (north American prairies) and in stable (north European lakes) environments, to distinguish the relative contributions of environmental variability (measured as between-year fluctuations in wetland numbers) and intraspecific interactions (density dependence) in driving population dynamics. We tested whether populations living in stable environments (in northern Europe) were more strongly governed by density dependence than populations living in variable environments (in North America). We also addressed whether relative population dynamical responses to environmental variability versus density corresponded to differences in life history strategies between dabbling (relatively "fast species" and governed by environmental variability) and diving (relatively "slow species" and governed by density) ducks. As expected, the variance component of population fluctuations caused by changes in breeding environments was greater in North America than in Europe. Contrary to expectations, however, populations in more stable environments were not less variable nor clearly more strongly density dependent than populations in highly variable environments. Also, contrary to expectations, populations of diving ducks were neither more stable nor stronger density dependent than populations of dabbling ducks, and the effect of environmental variability on population dynamics was greater in diving than in dabbling ducks. In general, irrespective of continent and species life history, environmental variability contributed more to variation in species abundances than did density. Our findings underscore the need for more studies on populations of the same species in different environments to verify the generality of current explanations about population dynamics and its association with species life history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannu Pöysä
- Natural Resources Institute Finland Joensuu Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Natural Resources Institute Finland Helsinki Finland
| | - Douglas H Johnson
- USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center St. Paul MN USA.,Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA
| | | | - Esa Lammi
- Environmental Planning ENVIRO Espoo Finland
| | - Thomas D Nudds
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada
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Doddapaneni TRKC, Praveenkumar R, Tolvanen H, Palmroth MRT, Konttinen J, Rintala J. Anaerobic batch conversion of pine wood torrefaction condensate. Bioresour Technol 2017; 225:299-307. [PMID: 27898321 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Organic compound rich torrefaction condensate, owing to their high water content and acidic nature, have yet to be exploited for practical application. In this study, microbial conversion of torrefaction condensate from pine wood through anaerobic batch digestion (AD) to produce methane was evaluated. Torrefaction condensate exhibited high methane potentials in the range of 430-492mL/g volatile solids (VS) and 430-460mL/gVS under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions, respectively. Owing to the changes in the composition, the methane yields differed with the torrefaction condensates produced at different temperatures (225, 275 and 300°C), with a maximum of 492±18mL/gVS with the condensate produced at 300°C under mesophilic condition. The cyclic batch AD experiments showed that 0.1VSsubstrate:VSinoculum is optimum, whereas the higher substrate loading (0.2-0.5) resulted in a reversible inhibition of the methane production. The results suggest that torrefaction condensate could be practically valorized through AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramasamy Praveenkumar
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Henrik Tolvanen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Marja R T Palmroth
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Konttinen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
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30
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Kinnunen V, Rintala J. The effect of low-temperature pretreatment on the solubilization and biomethane potential of microalgae biomass grown in synthetic and wastewater media. Bioresour Technol 2016; 221:78-84. [PMID: 27639227 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have been suggested as a sustainable raw material for biofuel production in the form of methane via anaerobic digestion. Here, pretreatments at 60-80°C were investigated, aiming to study the impact of algae culture media on biomethane potential and pretreatment efficiency. Chlorella vulgaris and mixed culture of native algae species (dominating by Scenedesmus sp.) were grown in synthetic medium, wastewater (sterilized and non-sterilized) and digestate from anaerobic digestion of pulp and paper biosludge (sterilized and non-sterilized). The biomethane potential for native microalgal biomass varied between 154 and 252LCH4kg-1 VS depending on culture media. The efficiency of the low-temperature pretreatment (80°C, 3h) for solubilization (9-12%) of C. vulgaris and native algae biomass was similar for algae grown in sterilized and non-sterilized wastewater media. The pretreatment increased the biomethane potential of native algae biomass by 11-24%.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kinnunen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
| | - J Rintala
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland
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31
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Tampio E, Ervasti S, Paavola T, Rintala J. Use of laboratory anaerobic digesters to simulate the increase of treatment rate in full-scale high nitrogen content sewage sludge and co-digestion biogas plants. Bioresour Technol 2016; 220:47-54. [PMID: 27566511 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of increasing feedstock treatment rate on the performance of full-scale anaerobic digestion using laboratory-scale reactors with digestate and feedstock from full-scale digesters. The studied nitrogen-containing feedstocks were i) a mixture of industrial by-products and pig slurry, and ii) municipal sewage sludge, which digestion was studied at 41 and 52°C, respectively. This study showed the successful reduction of hydraulic retention times from 25 and 20days to around 15days, which increased organic loading rates from 2 to 3.5kg volatile solids (VS)/m(3)d and 4 to 6kgVS/m(3)d. As a result, the optimum retention time in terms of methane production and VS removal was 10-15% lower than the initial in the full-scale digesters. Accumulation of acids during start-up of the co-digestion reactor was suggested to be connected to the high ammonium nitrogen concentration and intermediate temperature of 41°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Tampio
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Bio-based Business and Industry, Tietotie 2 C, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland.
| | - Satu Ervasti
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Bio-based Business and Industry, Tietotie 2 C, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Teija Paavola
- Gasum Biovakka Ltd., Autokatu 8, FI-20380 Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Tampere University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
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Tampio E, Salo T, Rintala J. Agronomic characteristics of five different urban waste digestates. J Environ Manage 2016; 169:293-302. [PMID: 26773433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of digestate in agriculture is an efficient way to recycle materials and to decrease the use of mineral fertilizers. The agronomic characteristics of the digestates can promote plant growth and soil properties after digestate fertilization but also harmful effects can arise due to digestate quality, e.g. pH, organic matter and heavy metal content. The objective of this study was to evaluate the differences and similarities in agronomic characteristics and the value of five urban waste digestates from different biogas plants treating either food waste, organic fraction of organic solid waste or a mixture of waste-activated sludge and vegetable waste. The digestate agronomic characteristics were studied with chemical analyses and the availability of nutrients was also assessed with growth experiments and soil mineralization tests. All studied urban digestates produced 5-30% higher ryegrass yields compared to a control mineral fertilizer with a similar inorganic nitrogen concentration, while the feedstock source affected the agronomic value. Food waste and organic fraction of municipal solid waste digestates were characterized by high agronomic value due to the availability of nutrients and low heavy metal load. Waste-activated sludge as part of the feedstock mixture, however, increased the heavy metal content and reduced nitrogen availability to the plant, thus reducing the fertilizer value of the digestate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Tampio
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Bio-based Business and Industry, Tietotie 2 C, FI-31600, Jokioinen, Finland; Tampere University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Tapio Salo
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Management and Production of Renewable Resources, Tietotie 4, FI-31600, Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Tampere University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland
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33
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Meller K, Vähätalo AV, Hokkanen T, Rintala J, Piha M, Lehikoinen A. Interannual variation and long-term trends in proportions of resident individuals in partially migratory birds. J Anim Ecol 2016; 85:570-80. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalle Meller
- The Helsinki Lab of Ornithology; The Finnish Museum of Natural History; University of Helsinki; PO Box 17, FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Anssi V. Vähätalo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science; University of Jyväskylä; PO Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Tatu Hokkanen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland; PO Box 18 Vantaa FI-01301 Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Natural Resources Institute Finland; PO Box 2 Helsinki FI-00791 Finland
| | - Markus Piha
- The Helsinki Lab of Ornithology; The Finnish Museum of Natural History; University of Helsinki; PO Box 17, FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Aleksi Lehikoinen
- The Helsinki Lab of Ornithology; The Finnish Museum of Natural History; University of Helsinki; PO Box 17, FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
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Kinnunen V, Ylä-Outinen A, Rintala J. Mesophilic anaerobic digestion of pulp and paper industry biosludge-long-term reactor performance and effects of thermal pretreatment. Water Res 2015; 87:105-111. [PMID: 26397452 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The pulp and paper industry wastewater treatment processes produce large volumes of biosludge. Limited anaerobic degradation of lignocellulose has hindered the utilization of biosludge, but the processing of biosludge using anaerobic digestion has recently regained interest. In this study, biosludge was used as a sole substrate in long-term (400 d) mesophilic laboratory reactor trials. Nine biosludge batches collected evenly over a period of one year from a pulp and paper industry wastewater treatment plant had different solid and nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus, trace elements) characteristics. Nutrient characteristics may vary by a factor of 2-11, while biomethane potentials (BMPs) ranged from 89 to 102 NL CH4 kg(-1) VS between batches. The BMPs were enhanced by 39-88% with thermal pretreatments at 105-134 °C. Despite varying biosludge properties, stable operation was achieved in reactor trials with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 14 d. Hydrolysis was the process limiting step, ceasing gas production when the HRT was shortened to 10 days. However, digestion with an HRT of 10 days was feasible after thermal pretreatment of the biosludge (20 min at 121 °C) due to enhanced hydrolysis. The methane yield was 78 NL CH4 kg(-1) VS for untreated biosludge and was increased by 77% (138 NL CH4 kg(-1) VS) after pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kinnunen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
| | - A Ylä-Outinen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
| | - J Rintala
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
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Abstract
Our aim was to study the biomass growth of microalga Chlorella vulgaris using diluted human urine as a sole nutrient source. Batch cultivations (21 days) were conducted in five different urine dilutions (1:25-1:300), in 1:100-diluted urine as such and with added trace elements, and as a reference, in artificial growth medium. The highest biomass density was obtained in 1:100-diluted urine with and without additional trace elements (0.73 and 0.60 g L(-1), respectively). Similar biomass growth trends and densities were obtained with 1:25- and 1:300-diluted urine (0.52 vs. 0.48 gVSS L(-1)) indicating that urine at dilution 1:25 can be used to cultivate microalgal based biomass. Interestingly, even 1:300-diluted urine contained sufficiently nutrients and trace elements to support biomass growth. Biomass production was similar despite pH-variation from < 5 to 9 in different incubations indicating robustness of the biomass growth. Ammonium formation did not inhibit overall biomass growth. At the beginning of cultivation, the majority of the biomass consisted of living algal cells, while towards the end, their share decreased and the estimated share of bacteria and cell debris increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Jaatinen
- a Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering , Tampere University of Technology , Tampere , Finland
| | - Aino-Maija Lakaniemi
- a Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering , Tampere University of Technology , Tampere , Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- a Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering , Tampere University of Technology , Tampere , Finland
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Polishchuk A, Valev D, Tarvainen M, Mishra S, Kinnunen V, Antal T, Yang B, Rintala J, Tyystjärvi E. Cultivation of Nannochloropsis for eicosapentaenoic acid production in wastewaters of pulp and paper industry. Bioresour Technol 2015; 193:469-76. [PMID: 26162525 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.06.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) containing marine microalga Nannochloropsis oculata was grown in an effluent from anaerobic digestion of excess activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant serving a combination of a pulp and a paper mill and a municipality (digester effluent, DE), mixed with the effluent of the same wastewater treatment plant. The maximum specific growth rate and photosynthesis of N. oculata were similar in the DE medium and in artificial sea water medium (ASW) but after 7 days, algae grown in the DE medium contained seven times more triacylglycerols (TAGs) per cell than cells grown in ASW, indicating mild stress in the DE medium. However, the volumetric rate of EPA production was similar in the ASW and DE media. The results suggest that N. oculata could be used to produce EPA, utilizing the nutrients available after anaerobic digestion of excess activated sludge of a pulp and paper mill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Polishchuk
- Department of Biochemistry/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Dimitar Valev
- Department of Biochemistry/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Marko Tarvainen
- Department of Biochemistry/Food Chemistry and Food Development, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Sujata Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Viljami Kinnunen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Taras Antal
- Department of Biochemistry/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Department of Biochemistry/Food Chemistry and Food Development, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Esa Tyystjärvi
- Department of Biochemistry/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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Lehikoinen A, Rintala J, Lammi E, Pöysä H. Habitat-specific population trajectories in boreal waterbirds: alarming trends and bioindicators for wetlands. Anim Conserv 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Lehikoinen
- The Helsinki Lab of Ornithology, Finnish Museum of Natural History; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - J. Rintala
- Natural Resources Institute Finland; Helsinki Finland
| | | | - H. Pöysä
- Natural Resources Institute Finland; Joensuu Finland
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Bayr S, Ojanperä M, Kaparaju P, Rintala J. Long-term thermophilic mono-digestion of rendering wastes and co-digestion with potato pulp. Waste Manag 2014; 34:1853-1859. [PMID: 25002371 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, mono-digestion of rendering wastes and co-digestion of rendering wastes with potato pulp were studied for the first time in continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) experiments at 55°C. Rendering wastes have high protein and lipid contents and are considered good substrates for methane production. However, accumulation of digestion intermediate products viz., volatile fatty acids (VFAs), long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N and/or free NH3) can cause process imbalance during the digestion. Mono-digestion of rendering wastes at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 1.5 kg volatile solids (VS)/m(3)d and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 50 d was unstable and resulted in methane yields of 450 dm(3)/kg VS(fed). On the other hand, co-digestion of rendering wastes with potato pulp (60% wet weight, WW) at the same OLR and HRT improved the process stability and increased methane yields (500-680 dm(3)/kg VS(fed)). Thus, it can be concluded that co-digestion of rendering wastes with potato pulp could improve the process stability and methane yields from these difficult to treat industrial waste materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bayr
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - M Ojanperä
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - P Kaparaju
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J Rintala
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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Kinnunen V, Craggs R, Rintala J. Influence of temperature and pretreatments on the anaerobic digestion of wastewater grown microalgae in a laboratory-scale accumulating-volume reactor. Water Res 2014; 57:247-257. [PMID: 24726994 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This laboratory-scale study investigated the performance of a low-cost anaerobic digester for microalgae. Low (∼2%) solids content wastewater-grown microalgal biomass (MB) was digested in an unmixed, accumulating-volume reactor (AVR) with solid and liquid separation that enabled a long solids retention time. AVRs (2 or 20 L) were operated at 20 °C, 37 °C or ambient temperature (8-21 °C), and the influence of two pretreatments - low-temperature thermal (50-57 °C) and freeze-thaw - on algal digestion were studied. The highest methane yield from untreated MB was in the 37 °C AVR with 225 L CH4 kg volatile solids (VS)(-1), compared with 180 L CH4 kg VS(-1)added in a conventional, 37 °C completely stirred tank reactor (CSTR), and 101 L CH4 kg VS(-1)added in the 20 °C AVR. Freeze-thaw and low-temperature thermal pretreatments promoted protein hydrolysis and increased methane yields by 32-50% at 20 °C, compared with untreated MB. Pretreatments also increased the mineralisation of nitrogen (41-57%) and phosphorus (76-84%) during digestion. MB digestion at ambient temperature was comparable with digestion at 20 °C, until temperature dropped below 16 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viljami Kinnunen
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), P.O. Box 11-115, Gate 10, Silverdale Road, Hamilton, New Zealand; Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Rupert Craggs
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), P.O. Box 11-115, Gate 10, Silverdale Road, Hamilton, New Zealand.
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
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40
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Kinnunen HV, Koskinen PEP, Rintala J. Mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic laboratory-scale digestion of Nannochloropsis microalga residues. Bioresour Technol 2014; 155:314-322. [PMID: 24462882 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper studies methane production using a marine microalga, Nannochloropsis sp. residue from biodiesel production. Residue cake from Nannochloropsis, oils wet-extracted, had a methane potential of 482LCH4kg(-1) volatile solids (VS) in batch assays. However, when dry-extracted, the methane potential of residue cake was only 194LCH4kg(-1) VS. In semi-continuous reactor trials with dry-extracted residue cake, a thermophilic reactor produced 48% higher methane yield (220LCH4kg(-1)VS) than a mesophilic reactor (149LCH4kg(-1)VS). The thermophilic reactor was apparently inhibited due to ammonia with organic loading rate (OLR) of 2kgVSm(-3)d(-1) (hydraulic retention time (HRT) 46d), whereas the mesophilic reactor performed with OLR of 3kgVSm(-3)d(-1) (HRT 30d). Algal salt content did not inhibit digestion. Additional methane (18-33% of primary digester yield) was produced during 100d post-digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H V Kinnunen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
| | - P E P Koskinen
- Research and Development, Neste Oil Corporation, P.O. Box 310, 06101 Porvoo, Finland.
| | - J Rintala
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
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Tampio E, Ervasti S, Paavola T, Heaven S, Banks C, Rintala J. Anaerobic digestion of autoclaved and untreated food waste. Waste Manag 2014; 34:370-377. [PMID: 24238799 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2013.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of autoclaved (160°C, 6.2 bar) and untreated source segregated food waste (FW) was compared over 473 days in semi-continuously fed mesophilic reactors with trace elements supplementation, at organic loading rates (OLRs) of 2, 3, 4 and 6 kg volatile solids(VS)/m(3)d. Methane yields at all OLR were 5-10% higher for untreated FW (maximum 0.483±0.013 m(3) CH4/kg VS at 3 kg VS/m(3) d) than autoclaved FW (maximum 0.439±0.020 m(3) CH4/kg VS at 4 kg VS/m(3) d). The residual methane potential of both digestates at all OLRs was less than 0.110 m(3) CH4/kg VS, indicating efficient methanation in all cases. Use of acclimated inoculum allowed very rapid increases in OLR. Reactors fed on autoclaved FW showed lower ammonium and hydrogen sulphide concentrations, probably due to reduced protein hydrolysis as a result of formation of Maillard compounds. In the current study this reduced biodegradability appears to outweigh any benefit due to thermal hydrolysis of ligno-cellulosic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Tampio
- Bioenergy and Environment, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland.
| | - Satu Ervasti
- Bioenergy and Environment, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Teija Paavola
- Bioenergy and Environment, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Sonia Heaven
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Charles Banks
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Bioenergy and Environment, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
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Guillemain M, Pöysä H, Fox AD, Arzel C, Dessborn L, Ekroos J, Gunnarsson G, Holm TE, Christensen TK, Lehikoinen A, Mitchell C, Rintala J, Møller AP. Effects of climate change on European ducks: what do we know and what do we need to know? Wildlife Biology 2013. [DOI: 10.2981/12-118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Sormunen K, Laurila T, Rintala J. Determination of waste decay rate for a large Finnish landfill by calibrating methane generation models on the basis of methane recovery and emissions. Waste Manag Res 2013; 31:979-985. [PMID: 23797297 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x13490980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the methane (CH(4)) generation factor (k) and CH(4) generation potential (L) for bulk waste in order to calibrate a CH(4) generation model (USEPA Landgem 3.02) and provide information on the remaining CH(4) generation potential in a large (54 ha) municipal solid waste landfill located in a boreal climate. The CH(4) generation model was calibrated by actual CH(4) recovery and emission measurement data. Moreover, waste characterisation information from a previous study was considered.The appropriate k for bulk waste was 0.18 in the studied landfill, which indicated a higher rate of degradation than proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as a default k value of 0.09 for wet conditions in boreal and temperate climes, whereas the calibrated L of 100 m(3)/t was lower than estimated on the basis of a previous waste characterisation study. The results demonstrate the importance of model calibration, as inappropriate model parameters may result in a large discrepancy (approximately 100 % or 119 million m(3) having an energy equivalent of nearly 1.2 TWh) in cumulative CH(4) generation estimates within a 18-year timescale (2012–30) at the studied landfill.
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Seppälä M, Laine A, Rintala J. Screening of novel plants for biogas production in northern conditions. Bioresour Technol 2013; 139:355-362. [PMID: 23669072 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to screen nine annual or perennial novel plants for biogas production cultivated in years 2007-2010 in Finland. The most promising novel plants for biogas production were found to be brown knapweed, giant goldenrod and Japanese millet producing 14-27 t total solids/ha and 4000-6100 Nm(3)CH4/ha. The specific methane yields of all studied plants varied from 170 to 381 Nm(3)CH4/t volatile solids (VS), depending on harvest time and plant species. Co-digestion of brown knapweed with cow manure in continuously stirred tank reactor was investigated and the highest methane yield was 254 NL CH4/kg VS, when the share of brown knapweed was 50% in the feed VS (organic loading rate (OLR) 2 kg VS/m(3)/d). The cultivation managements and sustainability of novel plants for biogas production have to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Seppälä
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
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Privalova E, Rasi S, Mäki-Arvela P, Eränen K, Rintala J, Murzin DY, Mikkola JP. CO2 capture from biogas: absorbent selection. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra23013e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Pöysä H, Rintala J, Lehikoinen A, Väisänen RA. The importance of hunting pressure, habitat preference and life history for population trends of breeding waterbirds in Finland. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-012-0673-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bayr S, Rintala J. Thermophilic anaerobic digestion of pulp and paper mill primary sludge and co-digestion of primary and secondary sludge. Water Res 2012; 46:4713-20. [PMID: 22795957 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of pulp and paper mill primary sludge and co-digestion of primary and secondary sludge were studied for the first time in semi-continuously fed continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR) in thermophilic conditions. Additionally, in batch experiments, methane potentials of 210 and 230 m³CH₄/t volatile solids (VS)(added) were obtained for primary, and 50 and 100 m³CH₄/tVS(added) for secondary sludge at 35 °C and 55 °C, respectively. Anaerobic digestion of primary sludge was shown to be feasible with organic loading rates (OLR) of 1-1.4 kgVS/m³d and hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 16-32 d resulting in methane yields of 190-240 m³CH₄/tVS(fed). Also the highest tested OLR of 2 kgVS/m³d and the shortest HRT of 14-16 d could be feasible, if pH stability is confirmed. Co-digestion of primary and secondary sludge with an OLR of 1 kgVS/m³d and HRTs of 25-31 d resulted in methane yields of 150-170 m³CH₄/tVS(fed). In the digestion processes, cellulose and hemicellulose degraded while lignin did not. pH adjustment and nitrogen deficiency needs to be considered when planning anaerobic digestion of pulp and paper mill wastewater sludges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi Bayr
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
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Bayr S, Pakarinen O, Korppoo A, Liuksia S, Väisänen A, Kaparaju P, Rintala J. Effect of additives on process stability of mesophilic anaerobic monodigestion of pig slaughterhouse waste. Bioresour Technol 2012; 120:106-13. [PMID: 22784960 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The effect of two additives on anaerobic monodigestion of pig slaughterhouse waste was studied in three laboratory scale continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) operated for 242-284 days at 35°C. A higher organic loading rate (OLR), namely 2.25 kg volatile solids (VS)/m(3)d with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 30 d was feasible with an additive containing Fe, HCl and trace elements while an OLR of 1.5 kg VS/m(3)d (HRT 30 d) led to instabilities in CSTR with an additive consisting of Fe and HCl and in CSTR without additives. Methane yields of ca. 700 dm(3) CH(4)/kg VS(fed) were obtained in all reactors under stable conditions. Both additives decreased H(2)S concentration of the biogas below detection limit 0.5 ppm while in a control reactor H(2)S concentration was up to 1900 ppm. In conclusion, the results suggest the possibility that additives may facilitate higher OLRs in monodigestion of pig slaughterhouse waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi Bayr
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
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Sivula L, Oikari A, Rintala J. Toxicity of waste gasification bottom ash leachate. Waste Manag 2012; 32:1171-1178. [PMID: 22285871 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Revised: 01/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity of waste gasification bottom ash leachate from landfill lysimeters (112 m(3)) was studied over three years. The leachate of grate incineration bottom ash from a parallel setup was used as reference material. Three aquatic organisms (bioluminescent bacteria, green algae and water flea) were used to study acute toxicity. In addition, an ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assay was performed with mouse hepatoma cells to indicate the presence of organic contaminants. Concentrations of 14 elements and 15 PAH compounds were determined to characterise leachate. Gasification ash leachate had a high pH (9.2-12.4) and assays with and without pH adjustment to neutral were used. Gasification ash leachate was acutely toxic (EC(50) 0.09-62 vol-%) in all assays except in the algae assay with pH adjustment. The gasification ash toxicity lasted the entire study period and was at maximum after two years of disposal both in water flea (EC(50) 0.09 vol-%) and in algae assays (EC(50) 7.5 vol-%). The grate ash leachate showed decreasing toxicity during the first two years of disposal in water flea and algae assays, which then tapered off. Both in the grate ash and in the gasification ash leachates EROD-activity increased during the first two years of disposal and then tapered off, the highest inductions were observed with the gasification ash leachate. The higher toxicity of the gasification ash leachate was probably related to direct and indirect effects of high pH and to lower levels of TOC and DOC compared to the grate ash leachate. The grate ash leachate toxicity was similar to that previously reported in literature, therefore, confirming that used setup was both comparable and reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Sivula
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Finland.
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Sivula L, Sormunen K, Rintala J. Leachate formation and characteristics from gasification and grate incineration bottom ash under landfill conditions. Waste Manag 2012; 32:780-788. [PMID: 22197667 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Revised: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Characteristics and formation of leachates from waste gasification and grate firing bottom ash were studied using continuous field measurements from 112 m(3) lysimeters embedded into landfill body for three years. In addition, the total element concentrations of the fresh ash were analysed and laboratory batch tests were performed to study leachate composition. The three-year continuous flow measurement showed that about one fifth of the leachates were formed, when the flow rate was >200 l/d, covering <3.5% of the study time. After three years, the liquid/solid-ratio for the quenched grate ash was 1 (l/kg (d.m.)) and for the initially dry gasification ash 0.4 (l/kg (d.m.)). The low initial water and residual carbon content of the gasification ash kept the leachate pH at a high level (>13) major part of the study. In the grate ash leachate pH was lower (<8) due to the presence of organic carbon and biodegradation indicated by biological oxygen demand and redox potential measurements. In the gasification ash the high pH probably delayed leaching of major elements such as Ca, therefore, raising the need for a longer after-care period. The high pH also explains the higher leaching of As from the gasification ash compared to the grate ash both in the batch test and under landfill conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Sivula
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Finland.
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