1
|
Fan K, Wang F, Xu X, Shi J, Wang W, Xing D, Ren N, Lee DJ, Chen C. Enterobacter sp. HIT-SHJ4 isolated from wetland with carbon, nitrogen and sulfur co-metabolism and its implication for bioremediation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 260:119593. [PMID: 39002634 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Both autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification are known as important bioprocesses of microbe-mediated nitrogen cycle in natural ecosystems. Actually, mixotrophic denitrification co-driven by organic matter and reduced sulfur substances are also common, especially in hypoxic environments such as estuarine sediments. However, carbon, nitrogen and sulfur co-metabolism during mixotrophic denitrification in natural water ecosystems has rarely been reported in detail. Therefore, this study investigated the co-metabolism of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur using samples collected from four distinct natural water ecosystems. Results demonstrated that samples from various sources all exhibited the ability for co-metabolism of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur. Microbial community analysis showed that Pseudomonas and Paracoccus were dominant bacteria ranging from 65.6% to 75.5% in mixotrophic environment. Enterobacter sp. HIT-SHJ4, a mixotrophic denitrifying strain which owned the capacity for co-metabolism of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur, was isolated and reported here for the first time. The strain preferred methanol as its carbon source and demonstrated remarkable efficiency for removing sulfide and nitrate with below 100 mg/L sulfide. Under weak acid conditions (pH 6.5-7.0), it exhibited enhanced capability in converting sulfide to elemental sulfur. Its bioactivity was evident within a temperature from 25 °C to 40 °C and C/N ratios from 0.75 to 3. This study confirmed the widespread presence of microbial-mediated synergistic carbon, nitrogen and sulfur metabolism in natural aquatic ecosystems. HIT-SHJ4 emerges as a novel strain, shedding light on carbon, nitrogen and sulfur co-metabolism in natural water bodies. Furthermore, it also serves as a promising candidate microorganism for in-situ ecological remediation, particularly in dealing with contamination posed by nitrate, sulfide, and organic matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Xijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Jia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China.
| | - Defeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shi M, Li X, Dang P, Xu Q, Huang T, Yuan Y, Huang Y, Zhou C. Effects of O 2 on accumulation of nitrous and elemental sulfur and microbial community structure in double short-cut sulfur autotrophic denitrification system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 409:131243. [PMID: 39122128 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the effect of O2 on the accumulation characteristics of NO2--N and S0 in the sulfur autotrophic denitrification (DSSADN) system is crucial for enhancing the denitrification efficiency of partial nitrification-anammox using DSSADN. The results revealed that in an environment without O2 entry, the NO2--N accumulation efficiency (NiAE) and S0 accumulation efficiency (S0AE) of the DSSADN system reached 89.40 % and 93.41 %, respectively. Once system entered O2, ORP value kept increasing. When ORP increased to -59.9 mV (DO = 0.1 mg/L), soxB and nirK gene expression rose and as well NiAE and S0AE continuously decreased to 48.13 % and 29.35 %. When ORP was above 30.9 mV (DO >0.2 mg/L) but below 81.0 mV (DO<0.4 mg/L), narG gene expression reduced and the relatively high sqr gene expression allowed NiAE and S0AE remained at 45.08 % and 33.31 %. O2 promoted the synergistic effect of Thiobacillus and Azoarcus without the proliferation of nitrite oxidizing bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Shi
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Pengze Dang
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Qian Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Tianyu Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yong Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Jiangsu Environmental Protection Group Nantong Co., Ltd, Nantong 226001, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang L, Liu H, Wang Y, Wang Q, Pan W, Tang Z, Chen Y. Transition from sulfur autotrophic to mixotrophic denitrification: performance with different carbon sources, microbial community and artificial neural network modeling. CHEMOSPHERE 2024:143432. [PMID: 39357655 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
To address the limitations inherent in both sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) and heterotrophic denitrification (HD) processes, this study introduces a novel approach. Three carbon sources (glucose, methanol, and sodium acetate) were fed into the SAD system to facilitate the transition towards mixotrophic denitrification. Batch experiments were conducted to explore the effects of influencing factors (pH, HRT) on the denitrification performance of the mixotrophic system. Carbon source dosages were varied at 12.5%, 25%, and 50% of the theoretical amounts required for HD (18, 36, and 72 mg/L, respectively). The results showed distinct optimal dosages for each of the three organic carbon sources. The mixotrophic system, initiated with sodium acetate at 25% of the theoretical value, demonstrated the highest denitrification performance, achieving NO3--N removal efficiency of 99.8% and the NRR of 6.25 mg/(L·h). In contrast, the corresponding systems utilizing glucose (at 25% of the theoretical value) and methanol (at 50% of the theoretical value) achieved lower removal efficiency of 77.0% and 88.4%, respectively. The corresponding NRRs were 4.85 mg/(L·h) and 5.65 mg/(L·h). Following the transition from SAD to a mixotrophic system, the abundance of Thiobacillus decreased from 78.5% to 34.4% at the genus level, and the mixotrophic system cultivated a variety of other denitrifying bacteria (Thauera, Aquimonas, Azoarcus, and Pseudomonas), indicating an enhanced microbial community structure diversity. The established artificial neural network (ANN) model accurately predicted the effluent quality of mixotrophic denitrification, which predicted values closely aligning with experimental results (R2 > 0.9). Furthermore, initial pH exerted greater relative importance for COD removal and sulfur conversion, while the relative importance of HRT was more pronounced for NO3--N removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Technical Center of Sewage Treatment Industry in Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Hong Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Technical Center of Sewage Treatment Industry in Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yunxia Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Technical Center of Sewage Treatment Industry in Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Technical Center of Sewage Treatment Industry in Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wentao Pan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Technical Center of Sewage Treatment Industry in Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zhiqiang Tang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Technical Center of Sewage Treatment Industry in Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yongzhi Chen
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Technical Center of Sewage Treatment Industry in Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Quraish SN, Cockell C, Wuchter C, Kring D, Grice K, Coolen MJL. Deep subsurface microbial life in impact-altered Late Paleozoic granitoid rocks from the Chicxulub impact crater. GEOBIOLOGY 2024; 22:e12583. [PMID: 38385599 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
In 2016, IODP-ICDP Expedition 364 recovered an 829-meter-long core within the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact crater (Yucatán, Mexico), allowing us to investigate the post-impact recovery of the heat-sterilized deep continental microbial biosphere at the impact site. We recently reported increased cell biomass in the impact suevite, which was deposited within the first few hours of the Cenozoic, and that the overall microbial communities differed significantly between the suevite and the other main core lithologies (i.e., the granitic basement and the overlying Early Eocene marine sediments; Cockell et al., 2021). However, only seven rock intervals were previously analyzed from the geologically heterogenic and impact-deformed 587-m-long granitic core section below the suevite interval. Here, we used 16S rRNA gene profiling to study the microbial community composition in 45 intervals including (a) 31 impact-shocked granites, (b) 7 non-granitic rocks (i.e., consisting of suevite and impact melt rocks intercalated into the granites during crater formation and strongly serpentinized pre-impact sub-volcanic, ultramafic basanite/dolerite), and (c) 7 cross-cut mineral veins of anhydride and silica. Most recovered microbial taxa resemble those found in hydrothermal systems. Spearman correlation analysis confirmed that the borehole temperature, which gradually increased from 47 to 69°C with core depth, significantly shaped a subset of the vertically stratified modern microbial community composition in the granitic basement rocks. However, bacterial communities differed significantly between the impoverished shattered granites and nutrient-enriched non-granite rocks, even though both lithologies were at similar depths and temperatures. Furthermore, Spearman analysis revealed a strong correlation between the microbial communities and bioavailable chemical compounds and suggests the presence of chemolithoautotrophs, which most likely still play an active role in metal and sulfur cycling. These results indicate that post-impact microbial niche separation has also occurred in the granitic basement lithologies, as previously shown for the newly formed lithologies. Moreover, our data suggest that the impact-induced geochemical boundaries continue to shape the modern-day deep biosphere in the granitic basement underlying the Chicxulub crater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohaib Naseer Quraish
- The Institute for Geoscience Research, WA-Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre (WA-OIGC), School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Charles Cockell
- UK Centre for Astrobiology, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cornelia Wuchter
- The Institute for Geoscience Research, WA-Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre (WA-OIGC), School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David Kring
- Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kliti Grice
- The Institute for Geoscience Research, WA-Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre (WA-OIGC), School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Marco J L Coolen
- The Institute for Geoscience Research, WA-Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre (WA-OIGC), School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kostešić E, Mitrović M, Kajan K, Marković T, Hausmann B, Orlić S, Pjevac P. Microbial Diversity and Activity of Biofilms from Geothermal Springs in Croatia. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 86:2305-2319. [PMID: 37209180 PMCID: PMC10640420 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02239-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Hot spring biofilms are stable, highly complex microbial structures. They form at dynamic redox and light gradients and are composed of microorganisms adapted to the extreme temperatures and fluctuating geochemical conditions of geothermal environments. In Croatia, a large number of poorly investigated geothermal springs host biofilm communities. Here, we investigated the microbial community composition of biofilms collected over several seasons at 12 geothermal springs and wells. We found biofilm microbial communities to be temporally stable and highly dominated by Cyanobacteria in all but one high-temperature sampling site (Bizovac well). Of the physiochemical parameters recorded, temperature had the strongest influence on biofilm microbial community composition. Besides Cyanobacteria, the biofilms were mainly inhabited by Chloroflexota, Gammaproteobacteria, and Bacteroidota. In a series of incubations with Cyanobacteria-dominated biofilms from Tuhelj spring and Chloroflexota- and Pseudomonadota-dominated biofilms from Bizovac well, we stimulated either chemoorganotrophic or chemolithotrophic community members, to determine the fraction of microorganisms dependent on organic carbon (in situ predominantly produced via photosynthesis) versus energy derived from geochemical redox gradients (here simulated by addition of thiosulfate). We found surprisingly similar levels of activity in response to all substrates in these two distinct biofilm communities, and observed microbial community composition and hot spring geochemistry to be poor predictors of microbial activity in the study systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ema Kostešić
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Mitrović
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Katarina Kajan
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
- Center of Excellence for Science and Technology-Integration of Mediterranean Region (STIM), Split, Croatia
| | | | - Bela Hausmann
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandi Orlić
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
- Center of Excellence for Science and Technology-Integration of Mediterranean Region (STIM), Split, Croatia
| | - Petra Pjevac
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu L, Zhang E, Yang L, Liu S, Rensing C, Zhou S. Combining biological denitrification and electricity generation in methane-powered microbial fuel cells. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 130:212-222. [PMID: 37032037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Methane has been demonstrated to be a feasible substrate for electricity generation in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO). However, these two processes were evaluated separately in previous studies and it has remained unknown whether methane is able to simultaneously drive these processes. Here we investigated the co-occurrence and performance of these two processes in the anodic chamber of MFCs. The results showed that methane successfully fueled both electrogenesis and denitrification. Importantly, the maximum nitrate removal rate was significantly enhanced from (1.4 ± 0.8) to (18.4 ± 1.2) mg N/(L·day) by an electrogenic process. In the presence of DAMO, the MFCs achieved a maximum voltage of 610 mV and a maximum power density of 143 ± 12 mW/m2. Electrochemical analyses demonstrated that some redox substances (e.g. riboflavin) were likely involved in electrogenesis and also in the denitrification process. High-throughput sequencing indicated that the methanogen Methanobacterium, a close relative of Methanobacterium espanolae, catalyzed methane oxidation and cooperated with both exoelectrogens and denitrifiers (e.g., Azoarcus). This work provides an effective strategy for improving DAMO in methane-powered MFCs, and suggests that methanogens and denitrifiers may jointly be able to provide an alternative to archaeal DAMO for methane-dependent denitrification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linpeng Yu
- Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Eryi Zhang
- Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK; Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Q, Xu X, Zhang R, Shao B, Fan K, Zhao L, Ji X, Ren N, Lee DJ, Chen C. The mixed/mixotrophic nitrogen removal for the effective and sustainable treatment of wastewater: From treatment process to microbial mechanism. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 226:119269. [PMID: 36279615 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biological nitrogen removal (BNR) is one of the most important environmental concerns in the field of wastewater treatment. The conventional BNR process based on heterotrophic nitrogen removal (HeNR) is suffering from several limitations, including external carbon source dependence, excessive sludge production, and greenhouse gas emissions. Through the mediation of autotrophic nitrogen removal (AuNR), mixed/mixotrophic nitrogen removal (MixNR) offers a viable solution to the optimization of the BNR process. Here, the recent advance and characteristics of MixNR process guided by sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification (SDAD) and anammox are summarized in this review. Additionally, we discuss the functional microorganisms in different MixNR systems, shedding light on metabolic mechanisms and microbial interactions. The significance of MixNR for carbon reduction in the BNR process has also been noted. The knowledge gaps and the future research directions that may facilitate the practical application of the MixNR process are highlighted. Overall, the prospect of the MixNR process is attractive, and this review will provide guidance for the future implementation of MixNR process as well as deciphering the microbially metabolic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Room 1433, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Xijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Room 1433, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Ruochen Zhang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Bo Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Room 1433, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Kaili Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Room 1433, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Room 1433, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Room 1433, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-li, 32003, Taiwan
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Room 1433, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao L, Fu G, Pang W, Tang J, Guo Z, Hu Z. Biochar immobilized bacteria enhances nitrogen removal capability of tidal flow constructed wetlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155728. [PMID: 35523327 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To improve the nitrogen removal (NR) capability of tidal flow constructed wetlands (TFCWs) for treatment of saline wastewater, biochar, produced from Cyperus alternifolius, was used to adsorb and immobilize a salt tolerant aerobic denitrifying bacteria (Zobellella sp. A63), and then was added as a substrate into the systems. Under low (2:1) or high (6:1) C/N ratio, the removal of NO3--N and total nitrogen (TN) in the biochar immobilized bacteria (BIB) dosing system (TFCW3) was significantly higher (q < 0.05) than that in the untreated system (TFCW1) and the biochar dosing system (TFCW2). At low C/N ratio, the removal rates of NO3--N, TN and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of TFCW3 were 68.2%, 72.6% and 82.5%, respectively, 15-20% higher than TFCW1 and 5-10% higher than TFCW2. When C/N ratio was further increased to 6, the pollutant removal rate of each system was greatly improved, but the removal rate of TFCW3 for NO3--N/TN was still nearly 10% and 5% higher than TFCW1 and TFCW2, respectively. Microbial community analysis showed that aerobic denitrifying bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria and sulfur-driven denitrifiers (DNSOB) played the most important role of NR in TFCWs. Moreover, biochar bacterial agent significantly increased the abundances of genes involved in NR. The total copy numbers of bacterial 16S rRNA, nirS, nirK, drsA and drsB genes in the TFCW3 were 1.1- to 3.76-fold higher than those in the TFCW1; Especially at low C/N ratio, the copy number of drsA and drsB in the upper layer of TFCW3 were 85.5 and 455 times that of TFCW1, respectively. Thus, BIB provide a more feasible and effective amendment for constructed wetlands to improve the N removal of the saline wastewater by enhancing the microbial NR capacity mainly via aerobic and sulfur autotrophic denitrification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Guiping Fu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Weicheng Pang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jia Tang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhipeng Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xu XJ, Wu YN, Xiao QY, Xie P, Ren NQ, Yuan YX, Lee DJ, Chen C. Simultaneous removal of NO X and SO 2 from flue gas in an integrated FGD-CABR system by sulfur cycling-mediated Fe(II)EDTA regeneration. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 205:112541. [PMID: 34915032 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chemical absorption-biological reduction (CABR) process is an attractive method for NOX removal and Fe(II)EDTA regeneration is important to sustain high NOX removal. In this study a sustainable and eco-friendly sulfur cycling-mediated Fe(II)EDTA regeneration method was incorporated in the integrated biological flue gas desulfurization (FGD)-CABR system. Here, we investigated the NOX and SO2 removal efficiency of the system under three different flue gas flows (100 mL/min, 500 mL/min, and 1000 mL/min) and evaluated the feasibility of chemical Fe(III)EDTA reduction by sulfide in series of batch tests. Our results showed that complete SO2 removal was achieved at all the tested scenarios with sulfide, thiosulfate and S0 accumulation in the solution. Meanwhile, the total removal efficiency of NOX achieved ∼100% in the system, of which 3.2%-23.3% was removed in spray scrubber and 76.7%-96.5% in EGSB reactor along with no N2O emission. The optimal pH and S2-/Fe(III)EDTA for Fe(II)EDTA regeneration and S0 recovery was 8.0 and 1:2. The microbial community analysis results showed that the cooperation of heterotrophic denitrifier (Saprospiraceae_uncultured and Dechloromonas) and iron-reducing bacteria (Klebsiella and Petrimonas) in EGSB reactor and sulfide-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing bacteria (Azoarcus and Pseudarcobacter) in spray scrubber contributed to the efficient removal of NOX in flue gas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Yi-Ning Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China.
| | - Qing-Yang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Peng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Yi-Xing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang RC, Chen C, Xu XJ, Lee DJ, Ren NQ. The interaction between Pseudomonas C27 and Thiobacillus denitrificans in the integrated autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:152360. [PMID: 34919932 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Compared to autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification process, the integrated autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification (IAHD) shows wider foreground of applications in the actual wastewaters with organic carbon, nitrogen and sulfur co-existing. The efficient co-removal of sulfur, nitrogen, and carbon in the IAHD system is guaranteed by the interaction between heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrificans. In order to further explore the interaction between functional bacteria, Pseudomonas C27 and Thiobacillus denitrifcans were selected as typical heterotrophic and autotrophic bacteria, and their characteristics metabolic responses to different sulfide concentrations were studied. Pseudomonas C27 had higher metabolic activity than T. denitrificans in the IAHD medium with sulfide concentration of 3.12-15.62 mmol/L. Moreover, the fastest sulfide removal rate (0.35 mmol/L·h) was achieved with a single inoculation of Pseudomonas C27. Meanwhile, in mixed inoculant conditions, the interaction between Pseudomonas C27 and T. denitrificans (P:T = 3:1, P:T = 1:1 and P:T = 1:3) yielded the highest sulfide removal efficiency (more than 85%) when sulfide concentration was 6.25-12.5 mmol/L. Additionally, the sulfide removal rate increased with the inoculation proportion of Pseudomonas C27. Thus, this apparent interaction provided a theoretical basis for further understanding and guidance on the efficient operation of IAHD system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Chen Zhang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China.
| | - Xi-Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shi S, Lin Z, Zhou J, Fan X, Huang Y, Zhou J. Enhanced thermophilic denitrification performance and potential microbial mechanism in denitrifying granular sludge system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126190. [PMID: 34710607 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thermophilic biological nitrogen removal will provide low-cost strategies for the treatment of high-temperature nitrogenous wastewater (greater than 45 ℃). In this study, a thermophilic denitrifying granular sludge system was established at 50 ℃ and compared with mesophilic systems (30 ℃ and 40 ℃). The results showed a significant increase in COD and nitrate removal rate with the elevating temperature. Besides, the microbial community analysis indicated an obvious succession of key functional bacteria at different temperatures. Enriched thermophiles including Truepera, Azoarcus, and Elioraea were the dominant denitrifiers in the thermophilic denitrifying granular sludge system, which ensured the high nitrate removal at 50 ℃. Moreover, the functional gene prediction also denoted an enrichment of nitrate reduction genes and carbon metabolism pathways at 50 ℃, which could explain the enhancement of thermophilic denitrification. These findings could provide new insight into the application of denitrifying granular sludge in thermophilic wastewater treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuohui Shi
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Ziyuan Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Jiong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yangyang Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yuan H, Yuan J, You Y, Zhang B, Wu Y, Huang S, Zhang Y. Simultaneous ammonium and sulfate biotransformation driven by aeration: Nitrogen/sulfur metabolism and metagenome-based microbial ecology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148650. [PMID: 34198081 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to clarify the effect of oxygen respiration on biotransformation of alternative electron acceptors (e.g., nitrate and sulfate) underlying the simultaneous removal of ammonium and sulfate in a single aerated sequencing batch reactor. Complete nitrification was achieved in feast condition, while denitrification was carried out in both feast and famine conditions when aeration intensity (AI) was higher than 0.22 L/(L·min). Reactors R1 [0.56 L/(L·min)], R2 [0.22 L/(L·min)], and R3 [0.08 L/(L·min)] achieved 72.39% sulfate removal efficiency in feast condition, but H2S release occurred in R3. Following exogenous substrate depletion, sulfate concentration increased again and exceeded the influent value in R1, indicating that sulfate transformation was affected by oxygen intrusion. Metagenomic analysis showed that a higher AI promoted sulfate reduction by switching from dissimilatory to assimilatory pathway. Lower AI-acclimated microorganisms (R3) produced H2S and ammonium, while higher AI-acclimated microorganisms (R1) accumulated nitrite, which confirmed that biotransformation of N and S was strongly regulated by redox imbalance driven by aeration. This implied that respiration control, a microbial self-regulation mechanism, was linked to the dynamic imbalance between electron donors and electron acceptors. Aerobic nitrate (sulfate) reduction, as one of the effects of respiration control, could be used as an alternative strategy to compensate for dynamic imbalance, when supported by efficient endogenous metabolism. Moderate aeration induced microorganisms to change their energy conservation and survival strategy through respiration control and inter-genus protection of respiratory activity among keystone taxa (including Azoarcus in R1, Thauera in R2, and Thiobacillus, Ottowia, and Geoalkalibacter in R3) to form an optimal niche in response to oxygen intrusion and achieve benign biotransformation of C, N, and S without toxic intermediate accumulation. This study clarified the biotransformation mechanism of ammonium and sulfate driven by aeration and provided theoretical guidance for optimizing existing aeration-based techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiguang Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jianqi Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yingying You
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Biaojun Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yixiao Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shaobin Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Plant Micro/Nano Fiber Research Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Huang Z, Liu R, Chen F, Lai Q, Oren A, Shao Z. Nitrogeniibacter aestuarii sp. nov., a Novel Nitrogen-Fixing Bacterium Affiliated to the Family Zoogloeaceae and Phylogeny of the Family Zoogloeaceae Revisited. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:755908. [PMID: 34745064 PMCID: PMC8565577 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.755908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the family Zoogloeaceae within the order Rhodocyclales are found to play vital roles in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems by participating in biofloc formation in activated sludge, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation, and nitrogen metabolism, such as denitrification and nitrogen fixation. Here, two bacterial strains designated H1-1-2AT and ZN11-R3-1 affiliated to the family Zoogloeaceae were isolated from coastal wetland habitats. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the two strains were 100% identical and had maximum similarity with Nitrogeniibacter mangrovi M9-3-2T of 98.4% and ≤94.5% with other species. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the two strains belonged to a single species and formed a novel monophyletic branch affiliated to the genus Nitrogeniibacter. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) value and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) estimate between the two strains and N. mangrovi M9-3-2T were 78.5–78.7% and 21.4–21.6%, respectively, indicating that the two strains represent a novel species. The genomes of strain H1-1-2AT (complete genome) and ZN11-R3-1 (draft genome) were 4.7Mbp in length encoding ~4,360 functional genes. The DNA G+C content was 62.7%. Nitrogen fixation genes were found in the two strains, which were responsible for the growth on nitrogen-free medium, whereas denitrification genes found in N. mangrovi M9-3-2T were absent in the two strains. The respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8. The major polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and aminophospholipid. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c and C16:1ω6c), C16:0, C12:0, and C10:0 3-OH. Based on genomic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic characterizations, strains H1-1-2AT and ZN11-R3-1 represent a novel species of the genus Nitrogeniibacter, for which the name Nitrogeniibacter aestuarii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is H1-1-2AT (=MCCC 1K04284T=KCTC 82672T), and additional strain is ZN11-R3-1 (=MCCC 1A17971=KCTC 82671). Additionally, phylogenomic analysis of the members of the family Zoogloeaceae including type strains and uncultivated bacteria was performed, using the Genome Taxonomic Database toolkit (GTDB-Tk). Combined with the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, four novel genera, Parazoarcus gen. nov., Pseudazoarcus gen. nov., Pseudothauera gen. nov., and Cognatazoarcus gen. nov., were proposed. This study provided new insights to the taxonomy of the family Zoogloeaceae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobin Huang
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Inshore Resources Biotechnology (Quanzhou Normal University), Fujian Province University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Renju Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Fenghua Chen
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Qiliang Lai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Aharon Oren
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zongze Shao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao L, Fu G, Wu J, Pang W, Hu Z. Bioaugmented constructed wetlands for efficient saline wastewater treatment with multiple denitrification pathways. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 335:125236. [PMID: 33991883 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Six laboratory-scale constructed wetlands (CWs) were used to quantify the nitrogen removal (NR) capacity in the treatment of saline wastewater at high (6:1) and low (2:1) carbon-nitrogen ratios (C/N), with and without bioaugmentation of aerobic-denitrifying bacterium. Sustained high-efficiency nitrification was observed throughout the operation. However, under different C/N ratios, although the bioaugmentation of aerobic-denitrifying bacterium promoted the removal of NO3--N and TN, there were still great differences in denitrification. Molecular biology experiments revealed ammonia-oxidizing archaea, together with the Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira, led to highly efficient nitrification. Furthermore, aerobic-denitrifying bacterium and sulfur-driven denitrifiers were the core denitrification groups in CWs. By performing these combined experiments, it was possible to determine the optimal CW design and the most relevant NR processes for the treatment of salty wastewater. The results suggest that the bioaugmentation of salt-tolerant functional bacteria with multiple NR pathways are crucial for the removal of salty wastewater pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Guiping Fu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Jinfa Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Weicheng Pang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liao H, Qu M, Hou X, Lin X, Li H, Duan CS, Tian Y. Nitrogeniibacter mangrovi gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel anaerobic and aerobic denitrifying betaproteobacterium and reclassification of Azoarcus pumilus as Aromatoleum pumilum comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34369861 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Denitrification is a vital link in the global bio-nitrogen cycle. Here, we isolated a strain (M9-3-2T) that is a novel benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-tolerant, anaerobic and aerobic denitrifying bacterium from a continuous BaP-enrichment cultured mangrove sediment. In silico comparative genomics and taxonomic analysis clearly revealed that strain M9-3-2T (=MCCC 1K03313T=JCM 32045T) represents a novel species of a novel genus named as Nitrogeniibacter mangrovi gen. nov., sp. nov., belonging to family Zoogloeaceae, order Rhodocyclales. In addition, the species Azoarcus pumilus is transferred into genus Aromatoleum and named Aromatoleum pumilum comb. nov. The predominant respiratory quinone of strain M9-3-2T was ubiquinone-8 and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, three unidentified phospholipids and three unidentified aminophospholipids. In this study, the capacity of strain M9-3-2T to eliminate nitrate was detected under anaerobic and aerobic conditions, and the removal rates of nitrate were 6.1×10-6 µg N/l/h/cell and 3×10-7 µg N/l/h/cell, respectively. Our results suggested that strain M9-3-2T could play an important role in the nitrogen removal regardless of the presence of oxygen in natural or/and man-made ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Liao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Mingming Qu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Xinyue Hou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Xiaolan Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Hu Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Chen-Song Duan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yun Tian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yuan H, Huang S, Yuan J, You Y, Zhang Y. Characteristics of microbial denitrification under different aeration intensities: Performance, mechanism, and co-occurrence network. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:141965. [PMID: 32911146 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore how dissolved oxygen (DO) affected the characteristics and mechanisms of denitrification in mixed bacterial consortia. We analyzed denitrification efficiency, intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), relative expression of functional genes, and potential co-occurrence network of microorganisms. Results showed that the total nitrogen (TN) removal rates at different aeration intensities (0.00, 0.25, 0.63, and 1.25 L/(L·min)) were 0.93, 1.45, 0.86, and 0.53 mg/(L·min), respectively, which were higher than previously reported values for pure culture. The optimal aeration intensity was 0.25 L/(L·min), at which the maximum NADH accumulation rate and highest relative abundance of napA, nirK, and nosZ were achieved. With increased aeration intensity, the amount of electron flux to nitrate decreased and nitrate assimilation increased. On one hand, nitrate reduction was primarily inhibited by oxygen through competition for electron donors of a certain single strain. On the other hand, oxygen was consumed rapidly by bacteria by stimulating carbon metabolism to create an optimal denitrification niche for denitrifying microorganisms. Denitrification was performed via inter-genus cooperation (competitive interactions and symbiotic relationships) between keystone taxa (Azoarcus, Paracoccus, Thauera, Stappia, and Pseudomonas) and other heterotrophic bacteria (OHB) in aeration reactors. However, in the non-aeration case, which was primarily carried out based on intra-genus syntrophy within genus Propionivibrio, the co-occurrence network constructed the optimal niche contributing to the high TN removal efficiency. Overall, this study enhanced our knowledge about the molecular ecological mechanisms of aerobic denitrification in mixed bacterial consortia and has theoretical guiding significance for further practical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiguang Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shaobin Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Plant Micro/Nano Fiber Research Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Jianqi Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yingying You
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Comparative Genomics Provides Insights into the Taxonomy of Azoarcus and Reveals Separate Origins of Nif Genes in the Proposed Azoarcus and Aromatoleum Genera. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12010071. [PMID: 33430351 PMCID: PMC7825797 DOI: 10.3390/genes12010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Among other attributes, the Betaproteobacterial genus Azoarcus has biotechnological importance for plant growth-promotion and remediation of petroleum waste-polluted water and soils. It comprises at least two phylogenetically distinct groups. The "plant-associated" group includes strains that are isolated from the rhizosphere or root interior of the C4 plant Kallar Grass, but also strains from soil and/or water; all are considered to be obligate aerobes and all are diazotrophic. The other group (now partly incorporated into the new genus Aromatoleum) comprises a diverse range of species and strains that live in water or soil that is contaminated with petroleum and/or aromatic compounds; all are facultative or obligate anaerobes. Some are diazotrophs. A comparative genome analysis of 32 genomes from 30 Azoarcus-Aromatoleum strains was performed in order to delineate generic boundaries more precisely than the single gene, 16S rRNA, that has been commonly used in bacterial taxonomy. The origin of diazotrophy in Azoarcus-Aromatoleum was also investigated by comparing full-length sequences of nif genes, and by physiological measurements of nitrogenase activity using the acetylene reduction assay. Based on average nucleotide identity (ANI) and whole genome analyses, three major groups could be discerned: (i) Azoarcus comprising Az. communis, Az. indigens and Az. olearius, and two unnamed species complexes, (ii) Aromatoleum Group 1 comprising Ar. anaerobium, Ar. aromaticum, Ar. bremense, and Ar. buckelii, and (iii) Aromatoleum Group 2 comprising Ar. diolicum, Ar. evansii, Ar. petrolei, Ar. toluclasticum, Ar. tolulyticum, Ar. toluolicum, and Ar. toluvorans. Single strain lineages such as Azoarcus sp. KH32C, Az. pumilus, and Az. taiwanensis were also revealed. Full length sequences of nif-cluster genes revealed two groups of diazotrophs in Azoarcus-Aromatoleum with nif being derived from Dechloromonas in Azoarcus sensu stricto (and two Thauera strains) and from Azospira in Aromatoleum Group 2. Diazotrophy was confirmed in several strains, and for the first time in Az. communis LMG5514, Azoarcus sp. TTM-91 and Ar. toluolicum TT. In terms of ecology, with the exception of a few plant-associated strains in Azoarcus (s.s.), across the group, most strains/species are found in soil and water (often contaminated with petroleum or related aromatic compounds), sewage sludge, and seawater. The possession of nar, nap, nir, nor, and nos genes by most Azoarcus-Aromatoleum strains suggests that they have the potential to derive energy through anaerobic nitrate respiration, so this ability cannot be usefully used as a phenotypic marker to distinguish genera. However, the possession of bzd genes indicating the ability to degrade benzoate anaerobically plus the type of diazotrophy (aerobic vs. anaerobic) could, after confirmation of their functionality, be considered as distinguishing phenotypes in any new generic delineations. The taxonomy of the Azoarcus-Aromatoleum group should be revisited; retaining the generic name Azoarcus for its entirety, or creating additional genera are both possible outcomes.
Collapse
|
18
|
Huang C, Liu Q, Li ZL, Ma XD, Hou YN, Ren NQ, Wang AJ. Relationship between functional bacteria in a denitrification desulfurization system under autotrophic, heterotrophic, and mixotrophic conditions. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 188:116526. [PMID: 33125994 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The denitrification desulfurization system can be used to remediate wastewater containing carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur. However, the relationship between autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria remains poorly understood. To better understand the roles and relations of core bacteria, an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor was continuously operated under autotrophic (stage I), heterotrophic (stage II) and mixotrophic (stages III-VII) conditions with a 490-day period. Stage IV represented the excellent S0 recovery rate (69.5%). The different trophic conditions caused the obvious succession of dominant bacterial genera. Autotrophic environment (stage I) enriched mostly Thiobacillus, and heterotrophic environment (stage II) was dominated with Azoarcus and Pseudomonas. Thauera, Arcobacter and Azoarcus became the predominant genera under mixotrophic conditions (stage III-VII). Strains belonged to these core genera were further isolated, and all seven isolates were confirmed with denitrifying sulfur oxidation capacity. Heterotrophic strain HDD1 (genus of Thauera) possessed both the highest sulfide degradation and S0 recovery rates. Expression levels of cbbM and gltA genes were positively related with the autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions, respectively. NirK gene was highly expressed between log 3.7-log 4.3 during the entire run. Expression of both sqr and soxB genes were closely related with sulfur conversion. More than 57.5% of S0 recovery rate could be obtained as sqr gene expression was greater than log 3.2, and while, sulfate was the primary form as soxB gene expression higher than log 3.9. The correlation between core microbial genera was very low from network, indicating a complex and non-specific mutualistic network between bacterial functional groups under each nutrient condition, and a stable coexistence state was possibly formed through utilizing each the secondary or waste metabolites in the mixotrophic conditions. This relationship was beneficial to the stability of the microbial community structure in the denitrification desulfurization system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Huang
- Tianjin Insitute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Xiao-Dan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ya-Nan Hou
- Tianjin Insitute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- Tianjin Insitute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ai-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li S, Zhao L, Han J, Liu S, Dai J, Fu G, Qiu D. Azoarcus halotolerans sp. nov., a novel member of Rhodocyclaceae isolated from activated sludge collected in Hong Kong. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:5799-5805. [PMID: 32945762 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A floc-forming bacterial strain, designated HKLI-1T, was isolated from the activated sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant in Hong Kong SAR, PR China. Cells of this strain were Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped and motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Growth occurred at 18-37 °C (optimum, 28 °C), pH 5.5-9.0 (optimum, pH 7.5) and with 0-8.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 1-1.5 %) concentration. The major fatty acids of strain HKLI-1T were C16 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c). The polar lipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and three unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content was 63.5 mol% from whole genomic sequence analysis. Based on the results of 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis, this strain should be assigned to the genus Azoarcus and is closely related to Azoarcus olearius DQS-4T (94.93 % 16S rRNA gene sequence pairwise similarity), Azoarcus toluclasticus MF63T (94.91 %) and Azoarcus communis SWub3T (94.01 %), but separate from them by large distances in different phylogenetic trees. Based on whole genome analysis, the orthologous average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization values against four of the closest relatives were 73.03-74.83 and 17.2-23.0 %, respectively. The phylogenetic, genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data demonstrated that strain HKLI-1T could be distinguished from its phylogenetically related species, and that this strain represented a novel species within the genus Azoarcus, for which the name Azoarcus halotolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HKLI-1T (= 72659T=CCTCC AB 2019312T).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.,Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Jingyi Han
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Shuangyuan Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.,Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Jingcheng Dai
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Guiping Fu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Dongru Qiu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang RC, Chen C, Wang W, Shao B, Xu XJ, Zhou X, Lee DJ, Ren NQ. The stimulating metabolic mechanisms response to sulfide and oxygen in typical heterotrophic sulfide-oxidizing nitrate-reducing bacteria Pseudomonas C27. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 309:123451. [PMID: 32361619 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Micro-aeration is an effective tool that helps integrated autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification process to withstand high sulfide concentration by making heterotrophic sulfide-oxidizing nitrate-reducing bacteria (h-soNRB) prevail. For further understanding of the dominance of h-soNRB, Pseudomonas C27 was selected as the typical bacterium and its metabolic characteristics responding to sulfide and oxygen stimulation were studied. Under high sulfide concentration condition, addition of trace oxygen led to a two-stage sulfide oxidation process, and sulfide oxidation rate in the first stage was 1.4 times more than that under anaerobic condition. According to transcriptome analysis, the pdo gene significantly up-regulated 2.36 and 2.57 times with and without oxygen under stimulation of high sulfide concentration. Additionally, two possible enhanced sulfide removal pathways coping with high sulfide concentration, namely sqr-cysI-gpx-gor-glpE and cysK-gshA-gshB-pdo-glpE, caused by oxygen were proposed in Pseudomonas C27. These findings provide a theoretical basis for locating high-efficiency sulfur oxidase in h-soNRB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Chen Zhang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China
| | - Bo Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China
| | - Xi-Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang RC, Chen C, Shao B, Wang W, Xu XJ, Zhou X, Xiang YN, Zhao L, Lee DJ, Ren NQ. Heterotrophic sulfide-oxidizing nitrate-reducing bacteria enables the high performance of integrated autotrophic-heterotrophic denitrification (IAHD) process under high sulfide loading. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 178:115848. [PMID: 32361288 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Micro-aerobic enhancement technology has been developed as an effective tool to enhance simultaneous removal of sulfide, nitrate and organic carbon during the integrated autotrophic-heterotrophic denitrification (IAHD) process under high loading; however, its mechanism of enhancement for functional bacteria remains ambiguous. In this study, we discovered that heterotrophic sulfide-oxidizing nitrate-reducing bacteria (h-soNRB) are responsible for enhancing IAHD performance under micro-aerobic conditions with high sulfide loading. In a continuous IAHD bioreactor, aeration rate of 2.6 mL min-1·L-1 promoted 2 to 4 times higher removal efficiencies of sulfide, nitrate and acetate with an influent sulfide concentration of 18.75 mmol/L. Metagenomic analysis revealed that trace oxygen stimulated the abundance of genes responsible for sulfide oxidation (sqr, glpE, pdo, sox and cysK), which were upregulated by 15.2%-129.9%, and the genes encoding nitrate reductase were up-regulated by 67.4%. The increased acetate removal efficiency was attributed to upregulation of ack, pta and TCA cycle related genes. The h-NRB Pseudomonas, Azoarcus, Thauera and Halomonas were detected and regarded as h-soNRB in our bioreactor. According to Illumina MiSeq sequencing, these genera were absolutely dominant in the micro-aerobic microbial community at relative abundances ranging from 82.72% to 90.84%. The sulfide, nitrate and acetate removal rates of Pseudomonas C27, a typical h-soNRB, were at least 10 times higher under micro-aerobic conditions than under anaerobic conditions. Besides, the sulfur, nitrogen and carbon metabolic network was constructed based on the Pseudomonas C27 genome. The pdo and cysK genes found in this strain may be the most advantageous for autotrophic sulfide oxidizing nitrate reducing bacteria (a-soNRB), which are closely related to the high-efficiency sulfide, nitrate and acetate removal performance under high sulfide concentrations and a limited oxygen supply. In addition, after micro-aerobic cultivation, the anaerobic sulfide loading tolerance of the IAHD bioreactor increased from 18.75 to 37.5 mmol/L with sulfide, nitrate and acetate removal efficiencies increasing 1.5 to 3 times, which suggests that intermittent micro-aeration might be a more economical and efficient regime for high-sulfide IAHD regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China; School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China.
| | - Bo Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Xi-Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yu-Nong Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ai T, Zhan H, Zou L, Fu J, Fu Q, He Q, Ai H. Potential applications of endogenous sulfide for enhanced denitrification of low C/N domestic wastewater in anodic mixotrophic denitrification microbial fuel cell: The mechanism of electrons transfer and microbial community. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137830. [PMID: 32349200 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anodic mixotrophic denitrification microbial fuel cell (MFC) was developed for pollutants removal and electricity generation in treatment of low C/N domestic wastewater. The experimental results show that the MFC achieved up to 100% of acetate, 100% of sulfide, and more than 91% of nitrate removal efficiency in all the MFCs. Particularly, thiosulfate was generated as the main intermediate of sulfide oxidation, and the sulfate generation ratio ranged from 66.93% to 73.76%. Those electrons produced during the acetate and sulfide oxidation were mainly used for denitrification and electricity generation. The microbial community analysis revealed that heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria (HDB) and sulfide-based autotrophic denitrifying bacteria (SADB) were the dominant bacteria for pollutants removal, and those facultative autotrophic bacterium (FAB) were key functional genera for high sulfate generation under both low and high sulfide concentrations. Meanwhile, the microbial functional prediction revealed that sulfide oxidation gene of Sqr and Sox were highly expressed. Moreover, a preliminary sulfide-based autotrophic denitrification (SAD) potential estimation indicated that the sulfide generated in the WWTPs had great potential for denitrification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ai
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Hao Zhan
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Linzhi Zou
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Junyu Fu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Qibin Fu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Hainan Ai
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ding J, Fu L, Lu Y, Ding Z, Zeng RJ. Evaluation of anaerobic ethane oxidation capability of the denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation culture. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
24
|
Description of Azoarcus nasutitermitis sp. nov. and Azoarcus rhizosphaerae sp. nov., two nitrogen-fixing species isolated from termite nest and rhizosphere of Ficus religiosa. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2020; 113:933-946. [PMID: 32222862 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-020-01401-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A polyphasic taxonomic approach was used to characterise two presumably novel bacteria, designated strains CC-YHH838T and CC-YHH848T isolated from termite nest and rhizosphere of Ficus religiosa, respectively. These two nitrogen-fixing strains were observed to be Gram-staining-negative, aerobic rod, and colonies were yellowish in color. Growth of strains was observed at 20-37 °C, pH 7-8, and in the presence of 1-2% NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA genes revealed a distinct taxonomic position attained by strain CC-YHH838T and CC-YHH848T associated with Thauera hydrothermalis (97.1% sequence identity), and formed a separate branch with Azoarcus indigens (95.4%), Aromatoleum aromaticum (96.2%), and lower sequence similarity to other species. The calculation of OrthoANI values pointed out strains CC-YHH838T and CC-YHH848T gave 78.9% and 79.8% compared to Thauera hydrothermalis, respectively. The major fatty acids (> 5%) were C16:0, C17:0 cyclo, C10:0 3-OH, C16:1ω7c/C16:1ω6c and C18:1ω7c/C18:1ω6c. The polar lipid profile comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and unidentified aminophospholipid and phospholipids; the predominant polyamines were putrescine and spermidine. The predominant respiratory system was ubiquinone (Q-8) and the DNA G + C contents were 61.4 ± 0.1 mol% and 60.2 ± 1.3 mol%, respectively. Based on the phylogenetic and polyphasic comparisons, strains CC-YHH838T and CC-YHH848T are proposed to represent two novel species within the genus Azoarcus in the family Rhodocyclaceae, for which the name Azoarcus nasutitermitis sp. nov. (type strain CC-YHH838T = BCRC 81059T = JCM 32001T) and Azoarcus rhizosphaerae sp. nov. (type strain CC-YHH848T = BCRC 81060T = JCM 32002T) were proposed.
Collapse
|
25
|
Li Y, Li J, Wang D, Wang G, Yue X, Kong X, Young L, Huang W. Denitrifying Microbial Community Structure and bamA Gene Diversity of Phenol Degraders in Soil Contaminated from the Coking Process. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 190:966-981. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
26
|
Denitrification characterization of dissolved oxygen microprofiles in lake surface sediment through analyzing abundance, expression, community composition and enzymatic activities of denitrifier functional genes. AMB Express 2019; 9:129. [PMID: 31428884 PMCID: PMC6702497 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0855-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The responses of denitrifiers and denitrification ability to dissolved oxygen (DO) concent in different layers of surface lake sediments are still poorly understood. Here, the optimal denitrification condition was constructed based on response surface methodology (RSM) to analyze the denitrification characteristics of surface sediments. The aerobic zone (AEZ), hypoxic zone (HYZ), up-anoxic zone (ANZ-1) and sub-anoxic zone (ANZ-2) were partitioned based on the oxygen contents, and sediments were collected using a customized-designed sub-millimeter scale sampling device. Integrated real-time quantitative PCR, Illumina Miseq-based sequencing and denitrifying enzyme activities analysis revealed that denitrification characteristics varied among different DO layers. Among the four layers, the DNA abundance and RNA expression levels of norB, nirS and nosZ were the highest at the aerobic layer, hypoxic layer and up-axoic layer, respectively. The hypoxia and up-anaerobic layer were the active nitrogen removal layers, since these two layers displayed the highest DNA abundance, RNA expression level and enzyme activities of denitrification functional genes. The abundance of major denitrifying bacteria showed significant differences among layers, with Azoarcus, Pseudogulbenkiania and Rhizobium identified as the main nirS, nirK and nosZ-based denitrifiers. Pearson’s correlation revealed that the response of denitrifiers to environmental factors differed greatly among DO layers. Furthermore, napA showed higher DNA abundance and RNA expression level in the aerobic and hypoxic layers than anaerobic layers, indicating that aerobic denitrifiers might play important roles at these layers.
Collapse
|
27
|
Simultaneous Biological and Chemical Removal of Sulfate and Fe(II)EDTA-NO in Anaerobic Conditions and Regulation of Sulfate Reduction Products. MINERALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/min9060330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the simultaneous flue gas desulfurization and denitrification by biological combined with chelating absorption technology, SO2 and NO are converted into sulfate and Fe(II)EDTA-NO which need to be reduced in biological reactor. Increasing the removal loads of sulfate and Fe(II)EDTA-NO and converting sulfate to elemental sulfur will benefit the application of this process. A moving-bed biofilm reactor was adopted for sulfate and Fe(II)EDTA-NO biological reduction. The removal efficiencies of the sulfate and Fe(II)EDTA-NO were 96% and 92% with the influent loads of 2.88 kg SO42−·m−3·d−1 and 0.48 kg NO·m−3·d−1. The sulfide produced by sulfate reduction could be reduced by increasing the concentrations of Fe(II)EDTA-NO and Fe(III)EDTA. The main reduction products of sulfate and Fe(II)EDTA-NO were elemental sulfur and N2. It was found that the dominant strain of sulfate reducing bacteria in the system was Desulfomicrobium. Pseudomonas, Sulfurovum and Arcobacter were involved in the reduction of Fe(II)EDTA-NO.
Collapse
|
28
|
Fu GY, Yu XY, Yu XD, Zhao Z, Chen C, Wang RJ, Wu M, Zhang XQ. Azoarcus pumilus sp. nov., isolated from seawater in Sanya, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:1459-1464. [PMID: 30882295 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ge-yi Fu
- 1Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Xiao-yun Yu
- 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310004, PR China
| | - Xiao-dong Yu
- 3College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- 3College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Can Chen
- 1Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Rui-jun Wang
- 1Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Min Wu
- 1Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
- 3College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Xin-qi Zhang
- 4College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Lin’an 311300, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
A variety of hydrogenotrophic enrichment cultures catalyse cathodic reactions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2356. [PMID: 30787309 PMCID: PMC6382808 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocathodes where living microorganisms catalyse reduction of CO2 can potentially be used to produce valuable chemicals. Microorganisms harbouring hydrogenases may play a key role for biocathode performance since H2 generated on the electrode surface can act as an electron donor for CO2 reduction. In this study, the possibility of catalysing cathodic reactions by hydrogenotrophic methanogens, acetogens, sulfate-reducers, denitrifiers, and acetotrophic methanogens was investigated. The cultures were enriched from an activated sludge inoculum and performed the expected metabolic functions. All enrichments formed distinct microbial communities depending on their electron donor and electron acceptor. When the cultures were added to an electrochemical cell, linear sweep voltammograms showed a shift in current generation close to the hydrogen evolution potential (−1 V versus SHE) with higher cathodic current produced at a more positive potential. All enrichment cultures except the denitrifiers were also used to inoculate biocathodes of microbial electrolysis cells operated with H+ and bicarbonate as electron acceptors and this resulted in current densities between 0.1–1 A/m2. The microbial community composition of biocathodes inoculated with different enrichment cultures were as different from each other as they were different from their suspended culture inoculum. It was noteworthy that Methanobacterium sp. appeared on all the biocathodes suggesting that it is a key microorganism catalysing biocathode reactions.
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang RC, Xu XJ, Chen C, Shao B, Zhou X, Yuan Y, Lee DJ, Ren NQ. Bioreactor performance and microbial community analysis of autotrophic denitrification under micro-aerobic condition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 647:914-922. [PMID: 30096679 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Autotrophic denitrification process is an effective strategy for treating sulfide and nitrate-enriched wastewater with low organic carbon. This study determined the sulfide oxidation and nitrate reduction rates and characterized the dominant bacteria and microbial community structure stimulated by micro-aerobic conditions in autotrophic denitrification system. With gradually increased sulfide concentration, the sulfide removal rate decreased to 37.8% at S2- = 600 mg/L, while the peak sulfide and nitrate removal rates (100% and 53.8%) were achieved at S2- = 800 mg/L with the air aeration rate of 20 mL/min. The Illumina sequencing results indicated that Thiobacillus accounted for 63% of total operational taxonomic units at generic level with sulfide concentration of 200 mg/L under anaerobic condition. However, Azoarcus, Thauera and Aliidiomorina became the dominant genera under micro-aerobic condition and their abundance significantly and positively related to the sulfide concentration and aeration rate (p < 0.05). According to the 16S metaproteomics functional composition prediction, one potential mechanism for autotrophic denitrifying under micro-aerobic condition was deduced that the oxidation of sulfide to thiosulfate further to sulfite was reinforced by trace oxygen, while the sulfite reductase activity was restrained. The decreased sulfide concentration weakened the toxicity inhibition on denitrifiers and accordingly the performance of autotrophic denitrification process was enhanced by micro-aerobic condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Xi-Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China.
| | - Bo Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Polytechnic, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bustamante-Brito R, Vera-Ponce de León A, Rosenblueth M, Martínez-Romero JC, Martínez-Romero E. Metatranscriptomic Analysis of the Bacterial Symbiont Dactylopiibacterium carminicum from the Carmine Cochineal Dactylopius coccus (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Dactylopiidae). Life (Basel) 2019; 9:life9010004. [PMID: 30609847 PMCID: PMC6463064 DOI: 10.3390/life9010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The scale insect Dactylopius coccus produces high amounts of carminic acid, which has historically been used as a pigment by pre-Hispanic American cultures. Nowadays carmine is found in food, cosmetics, and textiles. Metagenomic approaches revealed that Dactylopius spp. cochineals contain two Wolbachia strains, a betaproteobacterium named Candidatus Dactylopiibacterium carminicum and Spiroplasma, in addition to different fungi. We describe here a transcriptomic analysis indicating that Dactylopiibacterium is metabolically active inside the insect host, and estimate that there are over twice as many Dactylopiibacterium cells in the hemolymph than in the gut, with even fewer in the ovary. Albeit scarce, the transcripts in the ovaries support the presence of Dactylopiibacterium in this tissue and a vertical mode of transmission. In the cochineal, Dactylopiibacterium may catabolize plant polysaccharides, and be active in carbon and nitrogen provisioning through its degradative activity and by fixing nitrogen. In most insects, nitrogen-fixing bacteria are found in the gut, but in this study they are shown to occur in the hemolymph, probably delivering essential amino acids and riboflavin to the host from nitrogen substrates derived from nitrogen fixation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Bustamante-Brito
- Center for Genomic Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM, Cuernavaca, Morelos C.P. 62210, Mexico.
| | - Arturo Vera-Ponce de León
- Center for Genomic Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM, Cuernavaca, Morelos C.P. 62210, Mexico.
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Mónica Rosenblueth
- Center for Genomic Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM, Cuernavaca, Morelos C.P. 62210, Mexico.
| | - Julio César Martínez-Romero
- Center for Genomic Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM, Cuernavaca, Morelos C.P. 62210, Mexico.
| | - Esperanza Martínez-Romero
- Center for Genomic Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM, Cuernavaca, Morelos C.P. 62210, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang RC, Xu XJ, Chen C, Xing DF, Shao B, Liu WZ, Wang AJ, Lee DJ, Ren NQ. Interactions of functional bacteria and their contributions to the performance in integrated autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 143:355-366. [PMID: 29986245 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Compared to autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification process, the Integrated autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification (IAHD) has wider foreground of applications in the condition where the organic carbon, nitrate and inorganic sulfur compounds usually co-exist in the actual wastewaters. As the most well-known IAHD process, the denitrifying sulfide removal (DSR) could simultaneously convert sulfide, nitrate and organic carbon into sulfur, dinitrogen gas and carbon dioxide, respectively. Thus, systematical metabolic functions and contributions of autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrifiers to the IAHD-DSR performance became an problem demanding to be promptly studied. In this work, three upflow anaerobic sludge bioreactors (UASBs) were individually started up in autotrophic (a-DSR), heterotrophic (h-DSR) and mixotrophic conditions (m-DSR). Then, the operating conditions of each bioreactor were switched to different trophic conditions with low and high sulfide concentrations in the influent (200 and 400 mg/L). The removal efficiencies of sulfide, nitrate and acetate all reached 100% in all three bioreactors throughout the operational stages. However, the sulfur transformation ratio ranged from 34.5% to 39.9% at the low sulfide concentration and from 76.8% to 86.7% at the high sulfide concentration in the mixotrophic conditions. Microbial community structure analyzed by the Illumina sequencing indicated that Thiobacillus, which are autotrophic sulfide-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing bacteria (a-soNRB), was the dominant genus (81.3%) in the a-DSR bioreactor. With respect to the mixotrophic conditions, at low sulfide concentration in the m-DSR bioreactor, Thiobacillus (a-soNRB) and Thauera, which are heterotrophic nitrate-reducing bacteria (hNRB), were the dominant genera, with percentages of 48.8% and 14.9%, respectively. When the sulfide concentration in the influent was doubled, the percentage of Thiobacillus decreased by approximately 9-fold (from 48.8% to 5.4%), and the total percentage of Azoarcus and Pseudomonas, which are heterotrophic sulfide-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing bacteria (h-soNRB), increased by approximately 6-fold (from 10.1% to 59.4%). Therefore, the following interactions between functional groups and their functional mechanisms in the DSR process were proposed: (1) a-soNRB (Thiobacillus) and hNRB (Thauera) worked together to maintain the performance under the low sulfide concentration; (2) h-soNRB (Azoarcus and Pseudomonas) took the place of a-soNRB and worked together with hNRB (Thauera and Allidiomarina) under the high sulfide concentration; and (3) a-soNRB (such as Thiobacillus) were possibly the key bacteria and may have contributed to the low sulfur transformation, and h-soNRB may be responsible for the high sulfur transformation in the DSR process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China
| | - Xi-Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China.
| | - De-Feng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China
| | - Bo Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China
| | - Wen-Zong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ai-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Faoro H, Rene Menegazzo R, Battistoni F, Gyaneshwar P, do Amaral FP, Taulé C, Rausch S, Gonçalves Galvão P, de Los Santos C, Mitra S, Heijo G, Sheu SY, Chen WM, Mareque C, Zibetti Tadra-Sfeir M, Ivo Baldani J, Maluk M, Paula Guimarães A, Stacey G, de Souza EM, Pedrosa FO, Magalhães Cruz L, James EK. The oil-contaminated soil diazotroph Azoarcus olearius DQS-4 T is genetically and phenotypically similar to the model grass endophyte Azoarcus sp. BH72. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 9:223-238. [PMID: 27893193 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The genome of Azoarcus olearius DQS-4T , a N2 -fixing Betaproteobacterium isolated from oil-contaminated soil in Taiwan, was sequenced and compared with other Azoarcus strains. The genome sequence showed high synteny with Azoarcus sp. BH72, a model endophytic diazotroph, but low synteny with five non-plant-associated strains (Azoarcus CIB, Azoarcus EBN1, Azoarcus KH32C, A. toluclasticus MF63T and Azoarcus PA01). Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) revealed that DQS-4T shares 98.98% identity with Azoarcus BH72, which should now be included in the species A. olearius. The genome of DQS-4T contained several genes related to plant colonization and plant growth promotion, such as nitrogen fixation, plant adhesion and root surface colonization. In accordance with the presence of these genes, DQS-4T colonized rice (Oryza sativa) and Setaria viridis, where it was observed within the intercellular spaces and aerenchyma mainly of the roots. Although they promote the growth of grasses, the mechanism(s) of plant growth promotion by A. olearius strains is unknown, as the genomes of DQS-4T and BH72 do not contain genes for indole acetic acid (IAA) synthesis nor phosphate solubilization. In spite of its original source, both the genome and behaviour of DQS-4T suggest that it has the capacity to be an endophytic, nitrogen-fixing plant growth-promoting bacterium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helisson Faoro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Parana, 81531-980, Brazil
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-PR, Curitiba, Paraná, 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Rene Menegazzo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Parana, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Federico Battistoni
- Department of Microbial Biochemistry and Genomics, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - Prasad Gyaneshwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | - Fernanda P do Amaral
- Division of Plant Science and Biochemistry, C. S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Cecilia Taulé
- Department of Microbial Biochemistry and Genomics, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - Sydnee Rausch
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | | | - Cecilia de Los Santos
- Department of Microbial Biochemistry and Genomics, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - Shubhajit Mitra
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | - Gabriela Heijo
- Department of Microbial Biochemistry and Genomics, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - Shih-Yi Sheu
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung City, 811, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ming Chen
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung City, 811, Taiwan
| | - Cintia Mareque
- Department of Microbial Biochemistry and Genomics, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - Michelle Zibetti Tadra-Sfeir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Parana, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - J Ivo Baldani
- Embrapa Agrobiologia, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23891-000, Brazil
| | - Marta Maluk
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | | | - Gary Stacey
- Division of Plant Science and Biochemistry, C. S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Emanuel M de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Parana, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Fabio O Pedrosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Parana, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Magalhães Cruz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Parana, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Euan K James
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li P, Wang Y, Zuo J, Wang R, Zhao J, Du Y. Nitrogen Removal and N 2O Accumulation during Hydrogenotrophic Denitrification: Influence of Environmental Factors and Microbial Community Characteristics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:870-879. [PMID: 27481633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogenotrophic denitrification is regarded as an efficient alternative technology of removing nitrogen from nitrate-polluted water that has insufficient organics material. However, the biochemical process underlying this method has not been completely characterized, particularly with regard to the generation and reduction of nitrous oxide (N2O). In this study, the effects of key environmental factors on hydrogenotrophic denitrification and N2O accumulation were investigated in a series of batch tests. The results show that nitrogen removal was efficient with a specific denitrification rate of 0.66 kg N/(kg MLSS·d), and almost no N2O accumulation was observed when the dissolved hydrogen (DH) concentration was approximately 0.40 mg/L, the temperature was 30 °C, and the pH was 7.0. The reduction of nitrate was significantly affected by the pH, temperature, inorganic carbon (IC) content, and DH concentration. A considerable accumulation of N2O was only observed when the pH decreased to 6.0 and the temperature decreased to 15 °C, where little N2O accumulated under various IC and DH concentrations. To determine the microbial community structure, the hydrogenotrophic denitrifying enrichment culture was analyzed by Illumina high-throughput sequencing, and the dominant species were found to belong to the genera Paracoccus (26.1%), Azoarcus (24.8%), Acetoanaerobium (11.4%), Labrenzia (7.4%), and Dysgonomonas (6.0%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yajiao Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiane Zuo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Youjie Du
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wang X, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Zhou J. Effect of dissolved oxygen on elemental sulfur generation in sulfide and nitrate removal process: characterization, pathway, and microbial community analysis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:2895-905. [PMID: 26603764 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7146-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Microaerobic bioreactor treatment for enriched sulfide and nitrate has been demonstrated as an effective strategy to improve the efficiencies of elemental sulfur (S(0)) generation, sulfide oxidation, and nitrate reduction. However, there is little detailed information for the effect and mechanism of dissolved oxygen (DO) on the variations of microbial community in sulfur generation, sulfide oxidation, and nitrate reduction systems. Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) was employed to evaluate the variations of microbial community structures in a sulfide oxidation and nitrate reduction reactor under different DO conditions (DO 0-0.7 mg · L(-1)). Experimental results revealed that the activity of sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) and nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) could be greatly stimulated in 0.1-0.3 mg-DO · L(-1). However, when the DO concentration was further elevated to more than 0.5 mg · L(-1), the abundance of NRB was markedly decreased, while the heterotrophic microorganisms, especially carbon degradation species, were enriched. The reaction pathways for sulfide and nitrate removal under microaerobic conditions were also deduced by combining batch experiments with functional species analysis. It was likely that the oxidation of sulfide to sulfur could be performed by both aerobic heterotrophic SOB and sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification bacteria with oxygen and nitrate as terminal electron acceptor, respectively. The nitrate could be reduced to nitrite by both autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification, and then the generated nitrite could be completely converted to nitrogen gas via heterotrophic denitrification. This study provides new insights into the impacts of microaerobic conditions on the microbial community functional structures of sulfide-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing, and sulfur-producing bioreactors, which revealing the potential linkage between functional microbial communities and reactor performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiti Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Junghare M, Patil Y, Schink B. Draft genome sequence of a nitrate-reducing, o-phthalate degrading bacterium, Azoarcus sp. strain PA01(T). Stand Genomic Sci 2015; 10:90. [PMID: 26516406 PMCID: PMC4625480 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-015-0079-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Azoarcus sp. strain PA01(T) belongs to the genus Azoarcus, of the family Rhodocyclaceae within the class Betaproteobacteria. It is a facultatively anaerobic, mesophilic, non-motile, Gram-stain negative, non-spore-forming, short rod-shaped bacterium that was isolated from a wastewater treatment plant in Constance, Germany. It is of interest because of its ability to degrade o-phthalate and a wide variety of aromatic compounds with nitrate as an electron acceptor. Elucidation of the o-phthalate degradation pathway may help to improve the treatment of phthalate-containing wastes in the future. Here, we describe the features of this organism, together with the draft genome sequence information and annotation. The draft genome consists of 4 contigs with 3,908,301 bp and an overall G + C content of 66.08 %. Out of 3,712 total genes predicted, 3,625 genes code for proteins and 87 genes for RNAs. The majority of the protein-encoding genes (83.51 %) were assigned a putative function while those remaining were annotated as hypothetical proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madan Junghare
- Konstanz Research School of Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, D-78457 Germany ; Department of Biology, Microbial Ecology, University of Konstanz, Constance, D-78457 Germany
| | - Yogita Patil
- Department of Biology, Microbial Ecology, University of Konstanz, Constance, D-78457 Germany
| | - Bernhard Schink
- Department of Biology, Microbial Ecology, University of Konstanz, Constance, D-78457 Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Denitrifying sulfide removal process on high-salinity wastewaters in the presence of Halomonas sp. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:1421-1426. [PMID: 26454867 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7039-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Biological conversion of sulfide, acetate, and nitrate to, respectively, elemental sulfur (S(0)), carbon dioxide, and nitrogen-containing gas (such as N2) at NaCl concentration of 35-70 g/L was achieved in an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor. A C/N ratio of 1:1 was noted to achieve high sulfide removal and S(0) conversion rate at high salinity. The extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) quantities were increased with NaCl concentration, being 11.4-mg/g volatile-suspended solids at 70 mg/L NaCl. The denitrifying sulfide removal (DSR) consortium incorporated Thauera sp. and Halomonas sp. as the heterotrophs and Azoarcus sp. being the autotrophs at high salinity condition. Halomonas sp. correlates with the enhanced DSR performance at high salinity.
Collapse
|
38
|
Martín-Moldes Z, Zamarro MT, del Cerro C, Valencia A, Gómez MJ, Arcas A, Udaondo Z, García JL, Nogales J, Carmona M, Díaz E. Whole-genome analysis of Azoarcus sp. strain CIB provides genetic insights to its different lifestyles and predicts novel metabolic features. Syst Appl Microbiol 2015; 38:462-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
39
|
Glaring MA, Vester JK, Lylloff JE, Abu Al-Soud W, Sørensen SJ, Stougaard P. Microbial diversity in a permanently cold and alkaline environment in Greenland. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124863. [PMID: 25915866 PMCID: PMC4411134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The submarine ikaite columns located in the Ikka Fjord in Southern Greenland represent a unique, permanently cold (less than 6°C) and alkaline (above pH 10) environment and are home to a microbial community adapted to these extreme conditions. The bacterial and archaeal community inhabiting the ikaite columns and surrounding fjord was characterised by high-throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Analysis of the ikaite community structure revealed the presence of a diverse bacterial community, both in the column interior and at the surface, and very few archaea. A clear difference in overall taxonomic composition was observed between column interior and surface. Whereas the surface, and in particular newly formed ikaite material, was primarily dominated by Cyanobacteria and phototrophic Proteobacteria, the column interior was dominated by Proteobacteria and putative anaerobic representatives of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The results suggest a stratification of the ikaite columns similar to that of classical soda lakes, with a light-exposed surface inhabited by primary producers and an anoxic subsurface. This was further supported by identification of major taxonomic groups with close relatives in soda lake environments, including members of the genera Rhodobaca, Dethiobacter, Thioalkalivibrio and Tindallia, as well as very abundant groups related to uncharacterised environmental sequences originally isolated from Mono Lake in California.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel A. Glaring
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Jan K. Vester
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Jeanette E. Lylloff
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Søren J. Sørensen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Stougaard
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wang X, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Zhang T, Chen M. Regeneration of elemental sulfur in a simultaneous sulfide and nitrate removal reactor under different dissolved oxygen conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 182:75-81. [PMID: 25682226 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.01.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A continuous reactor in microaerobic conditions was adopted for sulfide-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing and elemental sulfur (S(0)) regenerating, simultaneously. The results showed that appropriate dissolved oxygen (DO) enhanced S(0) regeneration efficiency, sulfide oxidation efficiency, and nitrate reduction efficiency. When the DO concentration was 0.1-0.3 mg L(-1), the microaerobic bioreactor simultaneously converted 8.16 kg-Sm(-3)d(-1) of sulfide to S(0) and 2.48 kg-Nm(-3)d(-1) of nitrate to nitrogen with the sulfide and nitrate removal efficiency of 100% and 90% respectively. Compared with anaerobic sulfide and nitrate removal process previously reported, the loading sulfide was higher and more S(0) was generated during the operation in microaerobic reactor. Analysis using the 16S rDNA gene clone library revealed that Azoarcus, Thauera, Paracoccus, Sulfurospirillum, Arcobacter and Clostridium were the dominant microorganisms in the sulfide and nitrate removal system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, PR China.
| | - Jiti Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Mingxiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Liu C, Zhao C, Wang A, Guo Y, Lee DJ. Denitrifying sulfide removal process on high-salinity wastewaters. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6463-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6505-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
42
|
Lee DJ, Wong BT. Denitrifying sulfide removal and nitrososulfide complex: Azoarcus sp. NSC3 and Pseudomonas sp. CRS1 mix. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 166:616-619. [PMID: 24929301 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Denitrifying sulfide removal (DSR) process simultaneously removes nitrate, sulfide and organic matters in the same reactor. This study applied Azoarcus sp. NSC3 and Pseudomonas sp. CRS1 mix for DSR tests in autotrophic, heterotrophic and mixotrophic growths. Negligible NO-compounds were noted in heterotrophic or mixotrophic growths, while most cells were damaged and bound with NO-compounds in autotrophic growth. Nitroprusside (SNP) ions were applied as model compound to reveal the formation of nitrososulfide complex (RSNO) by nitroso (NO(+)) and excess sulfide (S(2-)), rather than the previously proposed mechanism by direct reaction between nitric oxide (NO) and S(2-). We speculated that RSNO was then abiotically decomposed to NO and elemental sulfur in the presence of biological cells. A revised nitrogen cycle considering interactions with sulfur compounds was proposed. We also speculated that SNO and NO were inhibitory to the functional strains, whose efficient removals were essential to reach high-rate DSR performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Biing-Teo Wong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lee DJ, Wong BT. Denitrifying sulfide removal by enriched microbial consortium: kinetic diagram. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 164:386-393. [PMID: 24874878 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Denitrifying sulfide removal (DSR) process simultaneously removes nitrate, sulfide and organic matters in the same reactor. This study isolated eight DSR strains and composed a microbial consortium to reveal the stoichiometry and kinetics of autotrophic, heterotrophic and mixotrophic denitrification (DSR). A novel kinetic diagram based on mass and electron balances was proposed to graphically interpret the system kinetics and identify the accessible regime where DSR reactions can be applied. Demonstration of the use of the proposed diagram showed the easy assessment of DSR system performance by the status on the diagram.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Biing-Teo Wong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|